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Kane Y, Tendu A, Li R, Chen Y, Mastriani E, Lan J, Catherine Hughes A, Berthet N, Wong G. Viral diversity in wild and urban rodents of Yunnan Province, China. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2290842. [PMID: 38047395 PMCID: PMC10829829 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2290842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Rodents represent over 40% of known mammal species and are found in various terrestrial habitats. They are significant reservoirs for zoonotic viruses, including harmful pathogens such as arenaviruses and hantaviruses, yet knowledge of their hosts and distributions is limited. Therefore, characterizing the virome profile in these animals is invaluable for outbreak preparedness, especially in potential hotspots of mammal diversity. This study included 681 organs from 124 rodents and one Chinese tree shrew collected from Yunnan Province, China, during 2020-2021. Metagenomic analysis revealed unique features of mammalian viruses in rodent organs across habitats with varying human disturbances. R. tanezumi in locations with high anthropogenic disturbance exhibited the highest mammal viral diversity, with spleen and lung samples showing the highest diversities for these viruses at the organ level. Mammal viral diversity for both commensal and non-commensal rats was identified to positively correlate with landscape disturbance. Some virus families were associated with particular organs or host species, suggesting tropism for these pathogens. Notably, known and novel viral species that are likely to infect humans were identified. R. tanezumi was identified as a reservoir and carrier for various zoonotic viruses, including porcine bocavirus, hantavirus, cardiovirus, and lyssavirus. These findings highlight the influence of rodent community composition and anthropogenic activities on diverse virome profiles, with R. tanezumi as an important reservoir for zoonotic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakhouba Kane
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alexander Tendu
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiya Li
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Landscape Ecology Group, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, People’s Republic of China
| | - Emilio Mastriani
- Centre for Microbes, Development, and Health, and Unit of Discovery and Molecular Characterization of Pathogens, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Lan
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Alice Catherine Hughes
- Landscape Ecology Group, Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, People’s Republic of China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nicolas Berthet
- Centre for Microbes, Development, and Health, and Unit of Discovery and Molecular Characterization of Pathogens, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Institut Pasteur, Unité Environnement et Risque Infectieux, Cellule d’Intervention Biologique d’Urgence, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris-cite, Unité Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Paris, France
| | - Gary Wong
- Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Research Unit, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Moirano G, Botta A, Yang M, Mangeruga M, Murray K, Vineis P. Land-cover, land-use and human hantavirus infection risk: a systematic review. Pathog Glob Health 2024; 118:361-375. [PMID: 37876214 PMCID: PMC11338209 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2023.2272097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that the risk of human infection by hantavirus, a family of rodent-borne viruses, might be affected by different environmental determinants such as land cover, land use and land use change. This study examined the association between land-cover, land-use, land use change, and human hantavirus infection risk. PubMed and Scopus databases were interrogated using terms relative to land use (change) and human hantavirus disease. Screening and selection of the articles were completed by three independent reviewers. Classes of land use assessed by the different studies were categorized into three macro-categories of exposure ('Agriculture', 'Forest Cover', 'Urban Areas') to qualitatively synthesize the direction of the association between exposure variables and hantavirus infection risk in humans. A total of 25 articles were included, with 14 studies (56%) conducted in China, 4 studies (16%) conducted in South America and 7 studies (28%) conducted in Europe. Most of the studies (88%) evaluated land cover or land use, while 3 studies (12%) evaluated land use change, all in relation to hantavirus infection risk. We observed that land cover and land-use categories could affect hantavirus infection incidence. Overall, agricultural land use was positively associated with increased human hantavirus infection risk, particularly in China and Brazil. In Europe, a positive association between forest cover and hantavirus infection incidence was observed. Studies that assessed the relationship between built-up areas and hantavirus infection risk were more variable, with studies reporting positive, negative or no associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovenale Moirano
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Postgraduate School of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Annarita Botta
- Department of Infectious Disease and Infectious Emergencies, AORN Monaldi-Cotugno-CTO, Naples, Italy
| | - Mingyou Yang
- Hypertension Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Martina Mangeruga
- Environmental Technology, Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Kris Murray
- Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Paolo Vineis
- School of Public Health, Imperial College, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Environment and Health, London, UK
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Dubrulle J, Kauffman K, Soarimalala V, Randriamoria T, Goodman SM, Herrera J, Nunn C, Tortosa P. Effect of habitat degradation on hantavirus infection among introduced and endemic small mammals of Madagascar. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.24.573235. [PMID: 38187621 PMCID: PMC10769451 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.24.573235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are globally distributed zoonotic pathogens capable of causing fatal disease in humans. Rodents and other small mammals are the typical reservoirs of hantaviruses, though the particular host varies regionally. Addressing the risk of hantavirus spillover from animal reservoirs to humans requires identifying the local mammal reservoirs and the predictors of infection in those animals, such as their population density and habitat characteristics. We screened native and non-native small mammals and bats in northeastern Madagascar for hantavirus infection to investigate the influence of habitat, including effects of human land use on viral prevalence. We trapped 227 bats and 1663 small mammals over 5 successive years in and around Marojejy National Park across a range of habitat types including villages, agricultural fields, regrowth areas, and secondary and semi-intact forests. Animals sampled included endemic tenrecs (Tenrecidae), rodents (Nesomyidae) and bats (6 families), along with non-native rodents (Muridae) and shrews (Soricidae). A hantavirus closely related to the previously described Anjozorobe virus infected 9.5% of Rattus rattus sampled. We did not detect hantaviruses in any other species. Habitat degradation had a complex impact on hantavirus prevalence in our study system: more intensive land use increase the abundance of R. rattus. The average body size of individuals varied between agricultural and nonagricultural land-use types, which in turn affected infection prevalence. Smaller R.rattus had lower probability of infection and were captured more commonly in villages and forests. Thus, infection prevalence was highest in agricultural areas. These findings provide new insights to the gradients of hantavirus exposure risk for humans in areas undergoing rapid land use transformations associated with agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Dubrulle
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT). Université de la Réunion, CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
| | - Kayla Kauffman
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, 93106-6150, USA
| | | | | | - Steven M Goodman
- Association Vahatra, BP 3972, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar
- Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496, USA
| | - James Herrera
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles Nunn
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pablo Tortosa
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (UMR PIMIT). Université de la Réunion, CNRS 9192, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, 97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Réunion Island, France
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Maroli M, Bellomo CM, Coelho RM, Martinez VP, Piña CI, Gómez Villafañe IE. Orthohantavirus Infection in Two Rodent Species that Inhabit Wetlands in Argentina. ECOHEALTH 2023; 20:402-415. [PMID: 38091181 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-023-01661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Previous research conducted in central-east region of Argentina recorded potential orthohantavirus host rodents in diverse environments, but no research has focused particularly on islands, the environments that present the greatest risk to humans. For this reason, the aims of this research were to determine the orthohantavirus host in the rodent community focused on islands of Paraná River Delta, central-east region of Argentina, to identify temporal and spatial factors associated with orthohantavirus prevalence variations, to compare the functional traits of seropositive and seronegative rodents, and to explore the association between orthohantavirus prevalence and rodent community characteristics between August 2014 and May 2018. With a trapping effort of 14,600 trap-nights, a total of 348 sigmodontine rodent specimens belonging to seven species were captured 361 times. The overall antibody prevalence was 4.9%. Particularly, 14.9% of Oligoryzomys flavescens and 1.5% of Oxymycterus rufus, mainly reproductively active adult males, had antibodies against orthohantavirus. Even though O. flavescens inhabit all islands, our results suggest spatial heterogeneity in the viral distribution, with two months after periods of low temperature presenting increases in seroprevalence. This could be a response to the increased proportion of adults present in the rodent population. In addition, an association was found between the high seroprevalence and the diversity of the rodent assemblage. We also found 1.5% of O. rufus exposed to orthohantavirus, which shows us that further investigation of the ecology of the virus is needed to answer whether this species act as a spillover or a new competent host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malena Maroli
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, 3105, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Carla M Bellomo
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rocío M Coelho
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria P Martinez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos I Piña
- Centro de Investigación Científica y de Transferencia Tecnológica a la Producción-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos, 3105, Diamante, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Isabel E Gómez Villafañe
- Instituto de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (CONICET-UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EGA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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5
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Maia RM, Fernandes J, de Mattos LHBV, Camacho LAB, Caetano KAA, dos Santos Carneiro MA, de Oliveira Santos F, Teles SA, de Lemos ERS, de Oliveira RC. Seroprevalence of Hantavirus among Manual Cane Cutters and Epidemiological Aspects of HPS in Central Brazil. Viruses 2023; 15:2238. [PMID: 38005915 PMCID: PMC10674252 DOI: 10.3390/v15112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a rodent-borne zoonotic disease that is endemic throughout the Americas. Agricultural activities increase exposure to wild rodents, especially for sugarcane cutters. We carried out a survey of the epidemiological aspects of HPS and investigated the prevalence of hantavirus infection in the sugarcane cutter population from different localities in the Brazilian Midwest region. We conducted a retrospective study of all confirmed HPS cases in the state of Goiás reported to the National HPS surveillance system between 2007 and 2017, along with a seroepidemiological study in a population of sugarcane cutters working in Goiás state in 2016, using the anti-hantavirus (Andes) ELISA IgG. A total of 634 serum samples from cane cutters were tested for hantavirus antibodies, with 44 (6.9%) being IgG-reactive according to ELISA. The destination of garbage was the only statistically significant variable (p = 0.03) related to the detection of hantavirus IgG (p < 0.05). We described the epidemiological profile of reported hantavirus cases in Goiás-a highly endemic area for HPS, and where the seroepidemiological study was conducted. Our results increase our knowledge about hantavirus infections in Brazil and highlight the vulnerability of sugarcane cutters to a highly lethal disease that, to date, has no specific treatment or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Malachini Maia
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.F.); (L.H.B.V.d.M.); (E.R.S.d.L.)
| | - Jorlan Fernandes
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.F.); (L.H.B.V.d.M.); (E.R.S.d.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fernando de Oliveira Santos
- Biology and Parasitology of Wild Mammals Reservoirs Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil;
| | - Sheila Araujo Teles
- Faculty of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil; (K.A.A.C.); (S.A.T.)
| | - Elba Regina Sampaio de Lemos
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.F.); (L.H.B.V.d.M.); (E.R.S.d.L.)
| | - Renata Carvalho de Oliveira
- Hantaviruses and Rickettsiosis Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil; (J.F.); (L.H.B.V.d.M.); (E.R.S.d.L.)
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6
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Wilk-da-Silva R, Prist PR, Medeiros-Sousa AR, Laporta GZ, Mucci LF, Marrelli MT. The role of forest fragmentation in yellow fever virus dispersal. Acta Trop 2023:106983. [PMID: 37419378 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The intense process of deforestation in tropical forests poses serious challenges for the survival of biodiversity, as well as for the human species itself. This scenario is supported by the increase in the incidence of epidemics of zoonotic origin observed over the last few decades. In the specific case of sylvatic yellow fever (YF), it has already been shown that an increase in the transmission risk of the causative agent (yellow fever virus - YFV) is associated with areas with a high degree of forest fragmentation, which can facilitate the spread of the virus. In this study we tested the hypothesis that areas with more fragmented landscapes and a higher edge density (ED) but a high degree of connectivity between forest patches favor YFV spread. To this end, we used YF epizootics in non-human primates (NHPs) in the state of São Paulo to build direct networks, and used a multi-selection approach to analyze which landscape features could facilitate YFV spread. Our results showed that municipalities with the potential to spread the virus exhibited a higher amount of forest edge. Additionally, the models with greater empirical support showed a strong association between forest edge density and the risk of occurrence of epizootic diseases, as well as the need for a minimum threshold of native vegetation cover to restrict their transmission. These findings corroborate our hypothesis that more fragmented landscapes with a higher degree of connectivity favor the spread of YFV, while landscapes with fewer connections tend to act as dead zones for the circulation of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Wilk-da-Silva
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar 470, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Antônio Ralph Medeiros-Sousa
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Zorello Laporta
- Graduate Studies, Research and Innovation Center, FMABC University Center, ABC Foundation, Av. Laure Gomes, 2000, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis Filipe Mucci
- Institute Pasteur, São Paulo State Department of Health, PA. Cal. Victorian 23, Taubaté, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauro Toledo Marrelli
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas Carvalho de Aguiar 470, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Estavillo C, Weyland F, Herrera L. Zoonotic Disease Risk and Life-History Traits: Are Reservoirs Fast Life Species? ECOHEALTH 2022; 19:390-401. [PMID: 35841485 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-022-01608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between humans, wildlife and disease transmission can be complex and context-dependent, and disease dynamics may be determined by idiosyncratic species. Therefore, an outstanding question is how general is the finding that species with faster life histories are more probable hosts of zoonoses. Ecological knowledge on species, jointly with public health data, can provide relevant information on species that should be targeted for epidemiological surveillance or management. We investigated whether mammal species traits can be good indicators of zoonotic reservoir status in an intensified agricultural region of Argentina. We find support for a relationship between reservoir status and the pace of life syndrome, confirming that fast life histories can be a factor of zoonotic risk. Nonetheless, we observed that for certain zoonosis, reservoirs may display a slow pace of life, suggesting that idiosyncratic interactions can occur. We conclude that applying knowledge from the life history-disease relationship can contribute significantly to disease risk assessment. Such an approach may be especially valuable in the current context of environmental change and agricultural intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Estavillo
- Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, EEI INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Federico Weyland
- Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, EEI INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena Herrera
- Grupo de Estudio de Agroecosistemas y Paisajes Rurales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, EEI INTA Balcarce, Ruta 226 Km 73.5, Balcarce, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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García-Peña GE, Rubio AV, Mendoza H, Fernández M, Milholland MT, Aguirre AA, Suzán G, Zambrana-Torrelio C. Land-use change and rodent-borne diseases: hazards on the shared socioeconomic pathways. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2021; 376:20200362. [PMID: 34538146 PMCID: PMC8450622 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Land-use change has a direct impact on species survival and reproduction, altering their spatio-temporal distributions. It acts as a selective force that favours the abundance and diversity of reservoir hosts and affects host-pathogen dynamics and prevalence. This has led to land-use change being a significant driver of infectious diseases emergence. Here, we predict the presence of rodent taxa and map the zoonotic hazard (potential sources of harm) from rodent-borne diseases in the short and long term (2025 and 2050). The study considers three different land-use scenarios based on the shared socioeconomic pathways narratives (SSPs): sustainable (SSP1-Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6), fossil-fuelled development (SSP5-RCP 8.5) and deepening inequality (SSP4-RCP 6.0). We found that cropland expansion into forest and pasture may increase zoonotic hazards in areas with high rodent-species diversity. Nevertheless, a future sustainable scenario may not always reduce hazards. All scenarios presented high heterogeneity in zoonotic hazard, with high-income countries having the lowest hazard range. The SSPs narratives suggest that opening borders and reducing cropland expansion are critical to mitigate current and future zoonotic hazards globally, particularly in middle- and low-income economies. Our study advances previous efforts to anticipate the emergence of zoonotic diseases by integrating past, present and future information to guide surveillance and mitigation of zoonotic hazards at the regional and local scale. This article is part of the theme issue 'Infectious disease macroecology: parasite diversity and dynamics across the globe'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel E. García-Peña
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - André V. Rubio
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hugo Mendoza
- Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel Fernández
- NatureServe, Arlington, VA, USA
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Matthew T. Milholland
- University of Maryland, AGNR-Environmental Science and Technology, College Park, MD, USA
| | - A. Alonso Aguirre
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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9
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Cuenca PR, Key S, Jumail A, Surendra H, Ferguson HM, Drakeley CJ, Fornace K. Epidemiology of the zoonotic malaria Plasmodium knowlesi in changing landscapes. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2021; 113:225-286. [PMID: 34620384 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Within the past two decades, incidence of human cases of the zoonotic malaria Plasmodium knowlesi has increased markedly. P. knowlesi is now the most common cause of human malaria in Malaysia and threatens to undermine malaria control programmes across Southeast Asia. The emergence of zoonotic malaria corresponds to a period of rapid deforestation within this region. These environmental changes impact the distribution and behaviour of the simian hosts, mosquito vector species and human populations, creating new opportunities for P. knowlesi transmission. Here, we review how landscape changes can drive zoonotic disease emergence, examine the extent and causes of these changes across Southeast and identify how these mechanisms may be impacting P. knowlesi dynamics. We review the current spatial epidemiology of reported P. knowlesi infections in people and assess how these demographic and environmental changes may lead to changes in transmission patterns. Finally, we identify opportunities to improve P. knowlesi surveillance and develop targeted ecological interventions within these landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ruiz Cuenca
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Key
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Henry Surendra
- Eijkman-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Jakarta, Indonesia; Centre for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heather M Ferguson
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Chris J Drakeley
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberly Fornace
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom; Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
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Spruill-Harrell B, Pérez-Umphrey A, Valdivieso-Torres L, Cao X, Owen RD, Jonsson CB. Impact of Predator Exclusion and Habitat on Seroprevalence of New World Orthohantavirus Harbored by Two Sympatric Rodents within the Interior Atlantic Forest. Viruses 2021; 13:1963. [PMID: 34696393 PMCID: PMC8538774 DOI: 10.3390/v13101963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how perturbations to trophic interactions influence virus-host dynamics is essential in the face of ongoing biodiversity loss and the continued emergence of RNA viruses and their associated zoonoses. Herein, we investigated the role of predator exclusion on rodent communities and the seroprevalence of hantaviruses within the Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú (RNBM), which is a protected area of the Interior Atlantic Forest (IAF). In the IAF, two sympatric rodent reservoirs, Akodon montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes, harbor Jaborá and Juquitiba hantavirus (JABV, JUQV), respectively. In this study, we employed two complementary methods for predator exclusion: comprehensive fencing and trapping/removal. The goal of exclusion was to preclude the influence of predation on small mammals on the sampling grids and thereby potentially reduce rodent mortality. Following baseline sampling on three grid pairs with different habitats, we closed the grids and began predator removal. By sampling three habitat types, we controlled for habitat-specific effects, which is important for hantavirus-reservoir dynamics in neotropical ecosystems. Our six-month predator exclusion experiment revealed that the exclusion of terrestrial mammalian predators had little influence on the rodent community or the population dynamics of A. montensis and O. nigripes. Instead, fluctuations in species diversity and species abundances were influenced by sampling session and forest degradation. These results suggest that seasonality and landscape composition play dominant roles in the prevalence of hantaviruses in rodent reservoirs in the IAF ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana Spruill-Harrell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Anna Pérez-Umphrey
- School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University and AgCenter, 227 RNR Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;
| | | | - Xueyuan Cao
- Department of Nursing-Acute/Tert Care, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Robert D. Owen
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica, Asunción C.P. 1371, Paraguay;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
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Reemergence of Yellow Fever in Brazil: The Role of Distinct Landscape Fragmentation Thresholds. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 2021:8230789. [PMID: 34341668 PMCID: PMC8325590 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8230789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yellow Fever Virus (YFV) reemergence in Brazil was followed by human suffering and the loss of biodiversity of neotropical simians on the Atlantic coast. The underlying mechanisms were investigated with special focus on distinct landscape fragmentation thresholds in the affected municipalities. An ecological study in epidemiology is employed to assess the statistical relationship between events of YFV and forest fragmentation in municipal landscapes. Negative binomial regression model showed that highly fragmented forest cover was associated with an 85% increase of events of YFV in humans and simians (RR = 1.85, CI 95% = 1.24–2.75, p=0.003) adjusted by vaccine coverage, population size, and municipality area. Intermediate levels of forest cover combined with higher levels of forest edge densities contribute to the YFV dispersion and the exponential growth of YF cases. Strategies for forest conservation are necessary for the control and prevention of YF and other zoonotic diseases that can spillover from the fragmented forest remains to populated cities of the Brazilian Atlantic coast.
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Codeço CT, Dal'Asta AP, Rorato AC, Lana RM, Neves TC, Andreazzi CS, Barbosa M, Escada MIS, Fernandes DA, Rodrigues DL, Reis IC, Silva-Nunes M, Gontijo AB, Coelho FC, Monteiro AMV. Epidemiology, Biodiversity, and Technological Trajectories in the Brazilian Amazon: From Malaria to COVID-19. Front Public Health 2021; 9:647754. [PMID: 34327184 PMCID: PMC8314010 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.647754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Amazon biome is under severe threat due to increasing deforestation rates and loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services while sustaining a high burden of neglected tropical diseases. Approximately two thirds of this biome are located within Brazilian territory. There, socio-economic and environmental landscape transformations are linked to the regional agrarian economy dynamics, which has developed into six techno-productive trajectories (TTs). These TTs are the product of the historical interaction between Peasant and Farmer and Rancher practices, technologies and rationalities. This article investigates the distribution of the dominant Brazilian Amazon TTs and their association with environmental degradation and vulnerability to neglected tropical diseases. The goal is to provide a framework for the joint debate of the local economic, environmental and health dimensions. We calculated the dominant TT for each municipality in 2017. Peasant trajectories (TT1, TT2, and TT3) are dominant in ca. fifty percent of the Amazon territory, mostly concentrated in areas covered by continuous forest where malaria is an important morbidity and mortality cause. Cattle raising trajectories are associated with higher deforestation rates. Meanwhile, Farmer and Rancher economies are becoming dominant trajectories, comprising large scale cattle and grain production. These trajectories are associated with rapid biodiversity loss and a high prevalence of neglected tropical diseases, such as leishmaniasis, Aedes-borne diseases and Chagas disease. Overall, these results defy simplistic views that the dominant development trajectory for the Amazon will optimize economic, health and environmental indicators. This approach lays the groundwork for a more integrated narrative consistent with the economic history of the Brazilian Amazon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia T. Codeço
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Dal'Asta
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ana C. Rorato
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
- Centro de Ciência do Sistema Terrestre, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Raquel M. Lana
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C. Neves
- Programa de Computação Científica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cecilia S. Andreazzi
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milton Barbosa
- Ecologia Evolutiva e Biodiversidade, DGEE, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria I. S. Escada
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Danilo A. Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas e Núcleo de Altos Estudos Amazônicos, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem, Brazil
| | - Danuzia L. Rodrigues
- Instituto de Estudos em Desenvolvimento Agrário e Regional, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Maraba, Brazil
| | - Izabel C. Reis
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre B. Gontijo
- Laboratório de Produtos Florestais, Serviço Florestal Brasileiro, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Flavio C. Coelho
- Escola de Matemática Aplicada, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio M. V. Monteiro
- Laboratório de Investigação em Sistemas Socioambientais, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos Campos, Brazil
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Prist PR, Prado A, Tambosi LR, Umetsu F, de Arruda Bueno A, Pardini R, Metzger JP. Moving to healthier landscapes: Forest restoration decreases the abundance of Hantavirus reservoir rodents in tropical forests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141967. [PMID: 32892056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is a disease with high human lethality rates, whose transmission risk is directly related to the abundance of reservoir rodents. In the Brazilian Atlantic forest, the main reservoirs species, Oligoryzomys nigripes and Necromys lasiurus, are thought to increase in abundance with deforestation. Therefore, forest restoration may contribute to decrease HCPS transmission risk, a topic still unexplored, especially in tropical regions. Aiming at filling this research gap, we quantified the potential of forest restoration, as required by the current environmental legislation, to reduce the abundance of Hantavirus reservoir rodents in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Using a dataset on small mammal communities sampled at 104 sites, we modeled how the abundance of these two rodent species change with the percentage of forest cover and forest edge density. From the best model, we extrapolated rodent abundance to the entire Atlantic Forest, considering two scenarios: current and restored forest cover. Comparing the estimated abundance between these two scenarios, we show that forest restoration can reduce the abundance of O. nigripes up to 89.29% in 43.43% of Atlantic forest territory. For N. lasiurus, abundance decreased up to 46% in 44% of the Atlantic forest. To our knowledge, this is the first study linking forest restoration and zoonotic diseases. Our results indicate that forest restoration would decrease the chance of HCPS transmission in ~45% of the Atlantic forest, making the landscape healthier to ~2,8 million people living within this area. This positive effect of restoration on disease regulation should be considered as an additional argument to encourage and promote forest restoration in tropical areas around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ribeiro Prist
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Prado
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Leandro Reverberi Tambosi
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil; Department of Environmental and Urban Engineering, Federal University of ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Umetsu
- Farroupilha Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Rodovia RS-377 s/n, Campus Alegrete, Alegrete, RS 97555-000, Brazil
| | - Adriana de Arruda Bueno
- Management Plan Center, São Paulo State Forest Foundation, Av. Professor Frederico Hermann Júnior, 325 - Alto de Pinheiros, São Paulo, SP 05459-010, Brazil
| | - Renata Pardini
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Jean Paul Metzger
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Bioscience, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brazil
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Ferro I, Bellomo CM, López W, Coelho R, Alonso D, Bruno A, Córdoba FE, Martinez VP. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome outbreaks associated with climate variability in Northwestern Argentina, 1997-2017. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008786. [PMID: 33253144 PMCID: PMC7728390 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rodent-borne hantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus) are the etiologic agents causing two human diseases: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Euroasia; and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North and South America. In South America fatality rates of HPS can reach up to 35%–50%. The transmission of pathogenic hantaviruses to humans occurs mainly via inhalation of aerosolized excreta from infected rodents. Thus, the epidemiology of HPS is necessarily linked to the ecology of their rodent hosts and the contact with a human, which in turn may be influenced by climatic variability. Here we examined the relationship between climatic variables and hantavirus transmission aim to develop an early warning system of potential hantavirus outbreaks based on ecologically relevant climatic factors. Methodology and main findings We compiled reported HPS cases in northwestern Argentina during the 1997–2017 period and divided our data into biannual, quarterly, and bimestrial time periods to allow annual and shorter time delays to be observed. To evaluate the relationship of hantavirus transmission with mean temperature and precipitation we used dynamic regression analysis. We found a significant association between HPS incidence and lagged rainfall and temperature with a delay of 2 to 6 months. For the biannual and quarterly models, hantavirus transmission was positively associated with lagged rainfall and temperature; whereas the bimestrial models indicate a direct relationship with the rainfall but inverse for temperature in the second lagged period. Conclusions/Significance This work demonstrates that climate variability plays a significant role in the transmission of hantavirus in northwestern Argentina. The model developed in this study provides a basis for the forecast of potential HPS outbreaks based on climatic parameters. Our findings are valuable for the development of public health policies and prevention strategies to mitigate possible outbreaks. Nonetheless, a surveillance program on rodent population dynamics would lead to a more accurate forecast of HPS outbreaks. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a Pan-American emerging disease with a high mortality rate caused by a rodent-borne virus. In Argentina, almost half of the HPS infections occur in the northwestern endemic region. Most of the reported cases (75%) developed severe respiratory insufficiency, of which 30% required mechanical ventilation and 15% with a fatal outcome. In this study area, nearly half of the population is below the poverty line, particularly in rural areas, where most infections occur. Since there are no vaccines currently available nor specific therapeutic treatments, prevention of hantavirus infection involves mainly environmental management practices and educational campaigns. Our results provide a framework for the planning and implementation of early public health prevention campaigns based on the significant relationship between hantavirus outbreaks and delayed climatic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Ferro
- Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas—Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (UNJu), San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - Carla M. Bellomo
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Walter López
- Instituto de Investigaciones de Enfermedades Tropicales, Oran, Salta, Argentina
| | - Rocío Coelho
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Alonso
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Francisco E. Córdoba
- Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas—Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Universidad Nacional de Jujuy (UNJu), San Salvador de Jujuy, Argentina
| | - Valeria P. Martinez
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas (INEI), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Escalera-Antezana JP, Rodriguez-Villena OJ, Arancibia-Alba AW, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Clinical features of fatal cases of Chapare virus hemorrhagic fever originating from rural La Paz, Bolivia, 2019: A cluster analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 36:101589. [PMID: 32061859 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2003 an emerging mammarenavirus (formerly arenaviruses) was discovered in Bolivia and named Chapare (CHAPV). It was associated with severe and fatal hemorrhagic fever, being similar in clinical features to Machupo (MACV). In mid-2019, CHAPV was the cause of a cluster of five cases, two of them laboratory confirmed, three of them fatal. Here, we report the main clinical findings, epidemiological features and the potential ecological aspects, of that cluster of cases in rural La Paz, Bolivia. METHODS For this observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, information was obtained from the Hospitals and the Ministry of Health for the cases that were laboratory-diagnosed and related, during 2019. RT-PCR was used for the detection of the RNA of CHAPV in the blood samples. RESULTS Two cases were RT-PCR + for CHAPV. The median age of patients was 42 y-old (IQR 25-45), four out of five were male. All patients were hospitalized, admitted to the ICU and had fever, upper digestive hemorrhage, with two of them, presenting ARDS, and requiring mechanical ventilation. Three patients died (case fatality rate, CFR 60%). CONCLUSIONS Mammarenaviruses led to a high fatality rate. These cases occurred in areas with suitable ecoepidemiological conditions for rodent-borne diseases, including CHAPV infection. Socioenvironmental and occupational factors in rural areas of Bolivia may contribute with the risk of zoonotic spillover and transmission to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar J Rodriguez-Villena
- Emergency Department and Emergency Medical Residency Program Coordination, Hospital Obrero N1, Caja Nacional de Salud, La Paz, Bolivia
| | | | | | - D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Incubator in Zoonosis (SIZOO), Biodiversity and Ecosystem Conservation Research Group (BIOECOS), Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales
- Universidad Franz Tamayo/UNIFRANZ, Cochabamba, Bolivia; Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
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Rubio AV, Fredes F, Simonetti JA. Exotic Pinus radiata Plantations do not Increase Andes Hantavirus Prevalence in Rodents. ECOHEALTH 2019; 16:659-670. [PMID: 31654278 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-019-01443-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Andes south virus (ANDV) is the etiologic agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in Chile and southern Argentina. Farm and forestry workers have been identified as a group at high risk of acquiring HCPS caused by ANDV due to their close exposure to rodents or their secretions in rural areas. Therefore, investigation on the effect of landscape composition on ANDV in wild rodents becomes relevant for disease prevention and control. In this study, we analyzed the influence of Monterey pine (Pinus radiata) plantations, an important monoculture in the global forest industry, on small mammal assemblage and on ANDV seroprevalence and abundance of seropositive rodents from central Chile. Small mammals were sampled seasonally during 2 years in native forests, adult pine plantations and young pine plantations. A total of 1630 samples from seven rodent species were analyzed for antibody detection. ANDV seroprevalence and abundance of seropositive rodents were significantly higher in the native forest compared to pine plantations. Furthermore, Monterey pine plantations decrease the abundance and relative abundance of Oligoryzomys longicaudatus (the principal reservoir of ANDV) and do not change sex ratio and distribution of age classes of this rodent species, which are variables that are important for ANDV transmission. Our findings indicate that Monterey pine plantations would not pose a higher risk of human exposure to ANDV compared to the temperate native forest. Our results can be useful for hantavirus risks assessment in human-dominated areas where ANDV is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- André V Rubio
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Fernando Fredes
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Av. Santa Rosa 11735, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javier A Simonetti
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
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Muylaert RL, Sabino-Santos G, Prist PR, Oshima JEF, Niebuhr BB, Sobral-Souza T, Oliveira SVD, Bovendorp RS, Marshall JC, Hayman DTS, Ribeiro MC. Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome Transmission Risk in Brazil. Viruses 2019; 11:E1008. [PMID: 31683644 PMCID: PMC6893581 DOI: 10.3390/v11111008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hantavirus disease in humans is rare but frequently lethal in the Neotropics. Several abundant and widely distributed Sigmodontinae rodents are the primary hosts of Orthohantavirus and, in combination with other factors, these rodents can shape hantavirus disease. Here, we assessed the influence of host diversity, climate, social vulnerability and land use change on the risk of hantavirus disease in Brazil over 24 years. METHODS Landscape variables (native forest, forestry, sugarcane, maize and pasture), climate (temperature and precipitation), and host biodiversity (derived through niche models) were used in spatiotemporal models, using the 5570 Brazilian municipalities as units of analysis. RESULTS Amounts of native forest and sugarcane, combined with temperature, were the most important factors influencing the increase of disease risk. Population at risk (rural workers) and rodent host diversity also had a positive effect on disease risk. CONCLUSIONS Land use change-especially the conversion of native areas to sugarcane fields-can have a significant impact on hantavirus disease risk, likely by promoting the interaction between the people and the infected rodents. Our results demonstrate the importance of understanding the interactions between landscape change, rodent diversity, and hantavirus disease incidence, and suggest that land use policy should consider disease risk. Meanwhile, our risk map can be used to help allocate preventive measures to avoid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata L Muylaert
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil.
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
| | - Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil.
- Vitalant Research Institute, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 270 Masonic Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
| | - Paula R Prist
- Department of Ecology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Júlia E F Oshima
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil.
| | - Bernardo Brandão Niebuhr
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil.
- Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos, Carnívoros (CENAP), Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação (ICMBio), Estrada Municipal Hisaichi Takebayashi, 8600-Bairro da Usina, Atibaia 12.952-011, Brazil.
- Instituto Pró-Carnívoros, Av. Horácio Neto 1030, Parque Edmundo Zanoni Atibaia 12945-010, Brazil.
| | - Thadeu Sobral-Souza
- Department of Botany and Ecology, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá 78060-900, Brazil.
| | - Stefan Vilges de Oliveira
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Avenida Pará, 1720, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia 38405-320, Brazil.
| | | | - Jonathan C Marshall
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
| | - David T S Hayman
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand.
| | - Milton Cezar Ribeiro
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil.
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Orthohantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Santa Cruz and Tarija, Bolivia, 2018. Int J Infect Dis 2019; 90:145-150. [PMID: 31672659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Orthohantaviruses are still a significant public health threat in endemic countries, with high case fatality rates (CFR). In Bolivia, the reporting of small outbreaks occurred until 2012. The findings of 40 laboratory-confirmed cases diagnosed in two departments are reported herein. METHODS This was an observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study. Data on laboratory-confirmed cases in 2018 were collected from the hospitals and departmental health services (SEDES) of Santa Cruz and Tarija. An ELISA was used for the detection of IgM antibody to hantavirus in the patient blood samples. RESULTS Forty patients were IgM-positive. The median age of the patients was 24 years (interquartile range 19-41 years) and 72.5% were male. All patients were hospitalized; 57.5% were admitted to the intensive care unit and had cardiopulmonary compromise, with 83% of these presenting acute respiratory distress syndrome and 89.5% of these requiring mechanical ventilation. Six patients died (CFR 15%). Patients <15 or >60 years old were more prone to die (odds ratio 10.33, 95% confidence interval 1.411-75.694), as were those with comorbidities (odds ratio 16.5, 95% confidence interval 1.207-225.540). CONCLUSIONS Orthohantavirus infections were associated with a high CFR. These cases occurred in areas with eco-epidemiological conditions facilitating viral transmission, including the presence of rodents, as well as the risk of spillover to humans due to social, environmental, and occupational factors.
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Tobolowsky F, Burakoff A, House J, Marzec N, Neumeier A, Sparks P, McLees M. Notes from the Field: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome - Denver, Colorado, 2018. MMWR. MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT 2019; 68:771-772. [PMID: 31487276 DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6835a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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Vadell MV, Carbajo AE, Massa C, Cueto GR, Gómez Villafañe IE. Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Risk in Entre Ríos, Argentina. ECOHEALTH 2019; 16:558-569. [PMID: 31338625 DOI: 10.1007/s10393-019-01425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe emerging endemic disease of the Americas. Because hantavirus reservoirs are sylvatic rodents, HPS risk has been associated with occupational and recreational activities in natural and rural environments. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of HPS in an endemic province of Argentina. For this, we explored the relationship between HPS cases occurring in Entre Ríos province between 2004 and 2015 and climate, vegetation, landscape, reservoir population, and rodent community characteristics by means of generalized linear models. We modeled HPS occurrence at each site, and both the incidence and number of cases grouped by department. The resulting best model of each analysis was applied in a GIS to build HPS risk maps. Risk of occurrence of HPS increased with tree cover and decreased with distance to rivers. We identified the south of Entre Ríos as the area with higher HPS risk, and therefore, where HPS prevention measures should be more urgently applied. Risk maps based on data available in the public domain are a useful tool that should be used by decision makers to concentrate surveillance and control efforts in those areas with highest HPS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Victoria Vadell
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aníbal Eduardo Carbajo
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Massa
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución - IEGEBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gerardo Rubén Cueto
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución - IEGEBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabel Elisa Gómez Villafañe
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución - IEGEBA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Muylaert RL, Bovendorp RS, Sabino-Santos G, Prist PR, Melo GL, Priante CDF, Wilkinson DA, Ribeiro MC, Hayman DTS. Hantavirus host assemblages and human disease in the Atlantic Forest. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007655. [PMID: 31404077 PMCID: PMC6748440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Several viruses from the genus Orthohantavirus are known to cause lethal disease in humans. Sigmodontinae rodents are the main hosts responsible for hantavirus transmission in the tropical forests, savannas, and wetlands of South America. These rodents can shed different hantaviruses, such as the lethal and emerging Araraquara orthohantavirus. Factors that drive variation in host populations may influence hantavirus transmission dynamics within and between populations. Landscape structure, and particularly areas with a predominance of agricultural land and forest remnants, is expected to influence the proportion of hantavirus rodent hosts in the Atlantic Forest rodent community. Here, we tested this using 283 Atlantic Forest rodent capture records and geographically weighted models that allow us to test if predictors vary spatially. We also assessed the correspondence between proportions of hantavirus hosts in rodent communities and a human vulnerability to hantavirus infection index across the entire Atlantic Forest biome. We found that hantavirus host proportions were more positively influenced by landscape diversity than by a particular habitat or agricultural matrix type. Local small mammal diversity also positively influenced known pathogenic hantavirus host proportions, indicating that a plasticity to habitat quality may be more important for these hosts than competition with native forest dwelling species. We found a consistent positive effect of sugarcane and tree plantation on the proportion of rodent hosts, whereas defaunation intensity did not correlate with the proportion of hosts of potentially pathogenic hantavirus genotypes in the community, indicating that non-defaunated areas can also be hotspots for hantavirus disease outbreaks. The spatial match between host hotspots and human disease vulnerability was 17%, while coldspots matched 20%. Overall, we discovered strong spatial and land use change influences on hantavirus hosts at the landscape level across the Atlantic Forest. Our findings suggest disease surveillance must be reinforced in the southern and southeastern regions of the biome where the highest predicted hantavirus host proportion and levels of vulnerability spatially match. Importantly, our analyses suggest there may be more complex rodent community dynamics and interactions with human disease than currently hypothesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata L. Muylaert
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Ricardo Siqueira Bovendorp
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
- PPG Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, LEAC, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Sabino-Santos
- Center for Virology Research, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Paula R. Prist
- Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Geruza Leal Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - David A. Wilkinson
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Milton Cezar Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - David T. S. Hayman
- Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Hopkirk Research Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Colombo VC, Brignone J, Sen C, Previtali MA, Martin ML, Levis S, Monje L, González-Ittig R, Beldomenico PM. Orthohantavirus genotype Lechiguanas in Oligoryzomys nigripes (Rodentia: Cricetidae): New evidence of host-switching. Acta Trop 2019; 191:133-138. [PMID: 30599176 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
To identify and predict situations of increased risk of orthohantavirus infection in humans, it is necessary to study the relationships between the virus and its rodent hosts. The present study investigated orthohantavirus infection in an assemblage of wild Sigmodontinae rodents of the Paraná Delta, Argentina, and providing new evidence of host-switching events. Rodents belonging to the species Oxymycterus rufus (n = 187), Akodon azarae (n = 82), Oligoryzomys flavescens (n = 80), Oligoryzomys nigripes (n = 47), Scapteromys aquaticus (n = 38), Deltamys kempi (n = 7) and Holochilus brasiliensis (n = 2) were captured at 4 sampling sites during 20 trapping sessions. Blood samples were analyzed by IgG ELISA and livers by a nested reverse transcription PCR for the diagnosis of orthohantavirus infection. The amplified products of the S and M orthohantavirus genomes were sequenced and analyzed to determine similarities with species of the Orthohantavirus genus. The species of the Oligoryzomys positive to the virus were confirmed by amplifying and sequencing the complete cyt b gene. Of the 443 serum samples analyzed by IgG ELISA, A. azarae presented the highest host-specific prevalence value (10/82, 12.2%) followed by Ol. nigripes (4/47, 8.5%) and Ox. rufus (1/187, 0.5%). All the sero-positive Ol. nigripes (n = 4) were positive to the amplification of the S and M segments of the Lechiguanas genotype (98% nucleotide identity for both segments). This is surprising given that Ol. nigripes has been previously associated with Juquitiba genotype, not Lechiguanas. The latter is generally associated with Ol. flavescens, which in our study were all sero-negative. In addition, the association Ox. rufus - Pergamino genotype found here is, to our knowledge, novel and another potential evidence of host-switching considering that Pergamino has been originally associated with A. azarae. These findings contribute to the building evidence that contradicts the one-genotype-one-reservoir species premise in the association between rodent reservoirs and orthohantaviruses, and supports the hypothesis that the community structure of sympatric host species may contribute to orthohantavirus dynamics.
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Tian H, Stenseth NC. The ecological dynamics of hantavirus diseases: From environmental variability to disease prevention largely based on data from China. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0006901. [PMID: 30789905 PMCID: PMC6383869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses can cause hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in the Americas and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia. In recent decades, repeated outbreaks of hantavirus disease have led to public concern and have created a global public health burden. Hantavirus spillover from natural hosts into human populations could be considered an ecological process, in which environmental forces, behavioral determinants of exposure, and dynamics at the human–animal interface affect human susceptibility and the epidemiology of the disease. In this review, we summarize the progress made in understanding hantavirus epidemiology and rodent reservoir population biology. We mainly focus on three species of rodent hosts with longitudinal studies of sufficient scale: the striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius, the main reservoir host for Hantaan virus [HTNV], which causes HFRS) in Asia, the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus, the main reservoir host for Sin Nombre virus [SNV], which causes HPS) in North America, and the bank vole (Myodes glareolus, the main reservoir host for Puumala virus [PUUV], which causes HFRS) in Europe. Moreover, we discuss the influence of ecological factors on human hantavirus disease outbreaks and provide an overview of research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HT); (NCS)
| | - Nils Chr. Stenseth
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (HT); (NCS)
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Fernandes J, Coelho TA, Oliveira RCD, Guedes LSAL, Teixeira BR, Guterres A, Niel C, Levis SC, Lago BV, Motta-Castro ARC, Lemos ERSD. Seroprevalence of rodent-borne viruses in Afro-descendent communities in Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e66. [PMID: 31859843 PMCID: PMC6907417 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During the Brazilian slavery period, many African migrants were brought to the American continent. Historically, some of these migrants escaped from the Brazilian gold mines and farms to which they had been brought and settled in remote valleys and this was the main mode of resistance to the slavery system. These runaway-slave descendant communities are called quilombos, a group with distinct ethnic identity, specific behavioral habits, including geographic isolation and conservative practices. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of rodent-borne viruses in two Afro-descendent communities from Mato Grosso do Sul State, Midwestern Brazil. A total of 319 individuals from rural and urban quilombola communities were enrolled. Twelve (3.76%) had anti-rodent-borne virus IgG antibodies. Seven (2.19%) were anti-mammarenavirus reactive and nine (2.82%) had anti-orthohantavirus antibodies. The literature includes limited data on the health status of quilombola communities, but all the studies emphasize the disparity of attention of local healthcare personnel to these communities compared to the general population. The findings of this study highlight the vulnerability and the precarious health conditions of quilombola groups, especially those living in rural areas and thus, point to the need of preventive measures to improve access to healthcare for this ethnic group.
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Hantaviruses and a neglected environmental determinant. One Health 2018; 5:27-33. [PMID: 29911161 PMCID: PMC6000911 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human pathogenic hantaviruses cause severe hemorrhagic fevers with a high rate of fatalities, such as occurs due to the genotypes causing hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome carried by the New World Sigmodontinae and Neotominae rodents. An increasing number of outbreaks and the possibility of cases spreading over international borders have led to greater interest in these viruses and the environmental determinants that facilitate their transmission. Rodents, shrews, moles and bats act as reservoir hosts of hantaviruses, and within the hantavirus transmission flow, the prevalence and distribution of infection in reservoir hosts is influenced by a range of factors. Climate change and landscape alteration affect hantavirus transmission, but the outcomes can differ among different hantaviruses and for the same virus in differentbiomes. However, it is evident that the underlying mechanisms that mediate hantavirus transmission are largely unknown, so that much work remains to be done regarding the transmission dynamics of hantaviruses. Overall, our review highlights the importance of examining interactions over several trophic levels and the underlying mechanisms (density and trait-mediated indirect effects) linking predation risk and hantavirus transmission, to develop an ecological framework to understand disease in natural, preserved and degraded systems.
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Forbes KM, Sironen T, Plyusnin A. Hantavirus maintenance and transmission in reservoir host populations. Curr Opin Virol 2017; 28:1-6. [PMID: 29024905 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are primarily hosted by mammalian species of the orders Rodentia, Eulipotyphla and Chiroptera. Spillover to humans is common, and understanding hantavirus maintenance and transmission in reservoir host populations is important for efforts to curtail human disease. Recent field research challenges traditional phases of virus shedding kinetics derived from laboratory rodent infection experiments. Organ infection sites in non-rodent hosts suggest similar transmission routes to rodents, but require direct assessment. Further advances have also been made in understanding virus persistence (and fadeouts) in fluctuating host populations, as well as occupational, recreational and environmental risk factors associated with spillover to humans. However, despite relevance for both intra-species and inter-species transmission, our understanding of the longevity of hantaviruses in natural environments remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian M Forbes
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, Helsinki FI-00290, Finland; Centre for Infectious Disease Dynamics and Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, Millennium Science Complex, State College, PA 16802, United States.
| | - Tarja Sironen
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, Helsinki FI-00290, Finland; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Agnes Sjöbergin katu 2, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Alexander Plyusnin
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, Helsinki FI-00290, Finland
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Prist PR, Uriarte M, Fernandes K, Metzger JP. Climate change and sugarcane expansion increase Hantavirus infection risk. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005705. [PMID: 28727744 PMCID: PMC5519001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is a disease caused by Hantavirus, which is highly virulent for humans. High temperatures and conversion of native vegetation to agriculture, particularly sugarcane cultivation can alter abundance of rodent generalist species that serve as the principal reservoir host for HCPS, but our understanding of the compound effects of land use and climate on HCPS incidence remains limited, particularly in tropical regions. Here we rely on a Bayesian model to fill this research gap and to predict the effects of sugarcane expansion and expected changes in temperature on Hantavirus infection risk in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane expansion scenario was based on historical data between 2000 and 2010 combined with an agro-environment zoning guideline for the sugar and ethanol industry. Future evolution of temperature anomalies was derived using 32 general circulation models from scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (Representative greenhouse gases Concentration Pathways adopted by IPCC). Currently, the state of São Paulo has an average Hantavirus risk of 1.3%, with 6% of the 645 municipalities of the state being classified as high risk (HCPS risk ≥ 5%). Our results indicate that sugarcane expansion alone will increase average HCPS risk to 1.5%, placing 20% more people at HCPS risk. Temperature anomalies alone increase HCPS risk even more (1.6% for RCP4.5 and 1.7%, for RCP8.5), and place 31% and 34% more people at risk. Combined sugarcane and temperature increases led to the same predictions as scenarios that only included temperature. Our results demonstrate that climate change effects are likely to be more severe than those from sugarcane expansion. Forecasting disease is critical for the timely and efficient planning of operational control programs that can address the expected effects of sugarcane expansion and climate change on HCPS infection risk. The predicted spatial location of HCPS infection risks obtained here can be used to prioritize management actions and develop educational campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ribeiro Prist
- Department of Ecology, Bioscience Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Katia Fernandes
- International Research Institute for Climate and Society; Earth Institute; Columbia University, Palisades, New York, United States of America
| | - Jean Paul Metzger
- Department of Ecology, Bioscience Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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