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Wenzler AN, van de Loo B, van der Velde N, van Schoor NM. The Effect of Genetic Variations in the Vitamin D Receptor Gene on the Course of Depressive Symptoms. J Nutr 2024; 154:2255-2263. [PMID: 38692355 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and depressive symptoms is inconclusive. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of the study was to investigate the association between SNPs in the VDR gene and depressive symptoms. METHODS In a sample of older adults from the Longitudinal Ageing Study Amsterdam (n = 922), depressive symptoms were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D scale) at baseline and after 3, 6, and 10 y of follow-up. Blood samples for SNP and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) determination were obtained at baseline. The association between 13 SNPs in the VDR gene and the course of depressive symptoms were evaluated using linear mixed models. The interaction between SNPs and serum 25(OH)D3 in relation to depressive symptoms was evaluated using multiple linear regression. RESULTS No SNPs were associated with the course of depressive symptoms. Significant interactions between serum 25(OH)D3 and SNPs in the VDR gene were found. Stratified analysis revealed that within the GG genotype strata, 10 nmol/L higher serum 25(OH)D3 was associated with 0.27 (95% CI: -0.50, -0.04) and 0.23 (95% CI: -0.48, 0.02) lower scores on the CES-D scale for Cdx-2 and 1b-G-886A, respectively. This association was not found in persons having the GA or AA genotype. CONCLUSIONS No SNPs are associated with the course of depressive symptoms. Stratified analysis shows that the effect of serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations on depressive symptoms is different among genotypes of Cdx-2 and 1b-G-886A. Future research should elucidate on the function of Cdx-2 and 1b-G-886A to describe their effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Neeltje Wenzler
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Bob van de Loo
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Ageing and Later Life Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natalie van der Velde
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Ageing and Later Life Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja M van Schoor
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Ageing and Later Life Department, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Beller J, Graßhoff J, Safieddine B. Physical working conditions over time: a repeated cross-sectional study in German employees. J Occup Med Toxicol 2024; 19:24. [PMID: 38858744 PMCID: PMC11165766 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-024-00423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine time trends in physical working conditions across and within occupational groups in Germany between 2006 and 2018. METHODS Logistic regression analyses were conducted using data from the BIBB/BAuA Employment Surveys in 2006, 2012, and 2018, with a total sample size of 59,006 participants. The study investigated changes in various self-reported occupational exposure measures over time, along with demographic shifts in the workforce. RESULTS The results showed overall improvements in most occupational exposure measures during the study period, alongside an aging and upskilling workforce. However, exposure to awkward postures, microorganisms, and, to a lesser extent, noise increased. Substantial variation was observed between occupational groups, with more favourable trends among white-collar high-skilled and blue-collar low-skilled workers, and less favourable trends among white-collar low-skilled and blue-collar high-skilled workers. CONCLUSIONS While trends in physical working conditions in Germany are partly promising, some exposures are worsening, and substantial inequalities between occupations persist. As occupational exposures remain common, there is still a need for targeted interventions to improve working conditions, particularly in higher-risk occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Beller
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl- Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Julia Graßhoff
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl- Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Batoul Safieddine
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl- Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Bell A, Evans C, Holman D, Leckie G. Extending intersectional multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) to study individual longitudinal trajectories, with application to mental health in the UK. Soc Sci Med 2024; 351:116955. [PMID: 38762996 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The intersectional Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) approach is gaining prominence in health sciences and beyond, as a robust quantitative method for identifying intersectional inequalities in a range of individual outcomes. However, it has so far not been applied to longitudinal data, despite the availability of such data, and growing recognition that intersectional social processes and determinants are not static, unchanging phenomena. Drawing on intersectionality and life course theories, we develop a longitudinal version of the intersectional MAIHDA approach, allowing the analysis not just of intersectional inequalities in static individual differences, but also of life course trajectories. We discuss the conceptualization of intersectional groups in this context: how they are changeable over the life course, appropriate treatment of generational differences, and relevance of the age-period-cohort identification problem. We illustrate the approach with a study of mental health using United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study data (2009-2021). The results reveal important differences in trajectories between generations and intersectional strata, and show that trajectories are partly multiplicative but mostly additive in their intersectional inequalities. This article provides an important and much needed methodological contribution, enabling rigorous quantitative, longitudinal, intersectional analyses in social epidemiology and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bell
- Sheffield Methods Institute, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | - Clare Evans
- Department of Sociology, University of Oregon, USA
| | - Dan Holman
- Department of Sociology, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - George Leckie
- Centre for Multilevel Modelling, School of Education, University of Bristol, UK
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Zhang S, Cui H, Fu M, Zhang B, Liu N, Guo J. Marriage matching patterns associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: A nationally representative age-period-cohort modeling study. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:341-348. [PMID: 38296057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is understood about the relationship between marriage matching patterns and mental health. This study aims to examine the relationship between patterns of marriage matching and depressive symptoms among married Chinese adults, and respectively validate the effects of age, period, and cohort with hierarchical APC models. METHODS A total of 20,430 couples from the 2012, 2016 and 2018 wave of China Family Panel Studies were included in this study. We investigate patterns of marriage matching from age, personal education, parental education and especially, parental hukou status, which reflects an individual's residential status through urban-rural divide and has vital implications for socioeconomic status in China. RESULTS Age gap is significantly associated with depressive symptoms both for men and women, yet sorting of parents' hukou status and education presented significant relationship with depressive symptoms only among women. In addition, we found strong age effects that changing trajectories of depressive symptoms across the life course vary among different genders and marital patterns. We did not find significant cohort effects after considering other factors, indicating the stability of depressive symptoms across birth cohorts. LIMITATIONS The CES-D is a widely used tool for depressive symptoms screening, the self-report instrument may produce results with lesser accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Marriage matching patterns are significantly associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese adults, and these effects vary significantly across the life course. Our study sheds lights on the public mental health promotion programs from a marital perspective, suggesting that women in less satisfying marriage should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haoliang Cui
- Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, PR China
| | - Mingqi Fu
- School of Public Administration, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Neurology and ICCTR Biostatistics and Research Design Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Management, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, PR China.
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5
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Tao M, Guo HY, Ji X, Wang W, Yuan H, Peng H. Long-term trends in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias deaths with high body mass index in China from 1990 to 2019, and projections up to 2042. Arch Public Health 2024; 82:42. [PMID: 38528579 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-024-01273-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, the rising prevalence of high Body Mass Index (BMI) is linked to increasing health issues, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study analyzes mortality trends related to AD and other dementias associated with high BMI from 1990 to 2019, considering age, period, and birth cohort effects, and forecasts future trends. METHODS We analyzed mortality data for AD and other dementias linked to high BMI in Chinese residents from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. Using Joinpoint regression, we examined age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) trends and calculated annual and average annual percentage changes (APC and AAPC). Age-period-cohort models provided deeper insights, with Bayesian models used to project future ASMR trends to 2042. RESULTS From 1990 to 2019, the ASMR for AD and other dementias associated with high BMI in China showed an overall increasing trend. Females had a lower increase rate than males, yet their overall levels remained higher. Specifically, the ASMR for males increased by an average of 2.70% per year, peaking between 2006 and 2010, while for females, it increased by an average of 2.29% per year, also peaking in the same period. Age-period-cohort analysis revealed increasing mortality relative risk with age and period, but a decrease with birth cohort. Projections suggest a continued rise in ASMR by 2042, with rates for males and females expected to be 2.48/100,000 and 2.94/100,000, respectively. CONCLUSION The increasing mortality trend from AD and other dementias associated with high BMI highlights the urgent need for policy interventions focused on overweight prevention, particularly vital for addressing the health challenges in China's aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Tao
- Health management center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Hao-Yang Guo
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xincan Ji
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Science and Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
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Beller J, Safieddine B, Sperlich S, Tetzlaff J, Geyer S. Time trends in limited lung function among German middle-aged and older adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5036. [PMID: 38424128 PMCID: PMC10904379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55624-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited lung function represents a serious health impairment. However, studies investigating changes in limited lung function over time are rare. Thus, the current study investigates time-related changes in limited lung function and potential social inequalities. Data from the 2008 and 2017 waves of the population-based German Aging Survey were used in a repeated cross-sectional study design (N = 8778), including participants aged 40 years and older. Lung function was assessed by the peak flow test. Socio-economic indicators included educational attainment, income and occupational group. Additionally, smoking history, occupational exposure to fumes and gases, and physical exercise were used as potentially explanatory variables for the observed changes. We found that the prevalence of limited lung function decreased strongly over time on a descriptive level from 9.0 to 5.4%. In line with these results, a decreasing trend emerged (OR = 0.48) when controlling for age and gender differences. When additionally controlling for changes in socio-economic indicators and explanatory variables there were still significant decreases over time, but the decline was slightly reduced (OR = 0.57). Moreover, similar significant relative decreases over time occurred for middle-aged and older participants, female and male participants, and those belonging to the different socio-economic groups. Thus, limited lung function generally decreased over time. This decrease could partially be explained by beneficial developments in socio-economic indicators, smoking, occupational exposures, and physical exercise. Future studies might investigate how changes in medicinal treatment and prevention efforts have contributed to the observed beneficial trends in lung health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Beller
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Batoul Safieddine
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sperlich
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Juliane Tetzlaff
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Siegfried Geyer
- Hannover Medical School, Center for Public Health and Health Care, Medical Sociology Unit, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Lundborg L, Joseph KS, Lisonkova S, Chan WS, Wen Q, Ananth CV, Razaz N. Temporal changes in pre-existing health conditions five years prior to pregnancy in British Columbia, Canada, 2000-2019. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2024. [PMID: 38366741 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-existing health conditions increase the risk of obstetric complications during pregnancy and birth. However, the prevalence and recent changes in the frequency of pre-existing health conditions in the childbearing population remain unknown. OBJECTIVES To estimate the temporal changes in the prevalence of pre-existing health conditions among pregnant women in British Columbia, Canada. METHODS We carried out a population-based cross-sectional study of 825,203 deliveries in BC between 2000 and 2019 and examined 17 categories of physical and psychiatric health conditions recorded within 5 years before childbirth. We also undertook age-period-cohort analyses to evaluate temporal changes in pre-existing health conditions. RESULTS The prevalence of any pre-existing health condition was 26.2% (n = 216,214) with overall trends remaining stable during the study period. Between 2000 and 2019, the prevalence rates of anxiety (5.6%-9.6%), bipolar (1.6%-3.4%), psychosis (0.7%-0.8%), and eating disorders (0.2%-0.3%) increased. The prevalence of hypertension increased sharply from 0.06% in 2000 to 0.3% in 2019. Diabetes mellitus and stroke rates increased, as did the prevalence of systemic lupus, multiple sclerosis, and chronic kidney disease. Advanced maternal age was strongly associated with both psychiatric and circulatory/metabolic conditions. A strong birth cohort effect was evident, with rates of psychiatric conditions increasing among women born after 1985. CONCLUSIONS In British Columbia, Canada, 1 in 4 mothers had a pre-existing health condition 5 years prior to pregnancy. These findings underscore the need for multi-disciplinary care for women with pre-existing health conditions to improve maternal, foetal, and infant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Lundborg
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K S Joseph
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Children's and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarka Lisonkova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Children's and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wee-Shian Chan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Children's and Women's Hospital of British Columbia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qi Wen
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cande V Ananth
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Neda Razaz
- Clinical Epidemiology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Otten D, Heller A, Schmidt P, Beutel ME, Brähler E. Gender differences in the prevalence of mental distress in East and West Germany over time: a hierarchical age-period-cohort analysis, 2006-2021. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:315-328. [PMID: 37041297 PMCID: PMC10089379 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02479-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mental distress has become a major public health concern. Temporal trends in psychological distress are complex and depend on numerous factors. In this study, we examined age-period-cohort effects for mental distress including gender and German region over a 15 years' time span. METHODS Data on mental distress from ten cross-sectional surveys of the general German population, covering the years from 2006 to 2021, was used. Hierarchical age-period-cohort analyses including gender and German region as predictors were performed to disentangle age, period, and cohort effects. The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 was used as a brief screener for mental distress. RESULTS We found significant period and cohort effects, with peek values for mental distress in the years 2017 and 2020 and for the oldest birth cohort (born before 1946). Age did not affect mental distress when cohort- and period effects as well as gender and German region were considered. An interaction effect for gender and the German region was found. Women in West Germany reported significantly higher mental distress compared to women in East Germany. Compared to men, women reported the highest prevalence in both regions. CONCLUSION Important political events as well as major crises can lead to an increase of mental distress in societies. Furthermore, an association between birth cohort and mental distress could be linked to socialization effects of that certain time, causing traumatic experiences or a specific coping style within this cohort group. Prevention and intervention strategies could benefit from acknowledging structural differences linked to period and cohort effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniëlle Otten
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ayline Heller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Peter Schmidt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred E Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Botha F, Morris RW, Butterworth P, Glozier N. Generational differences in mental health trends in the twenty-first century. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2303781120. [PMID: 38011547 PMCID: PMC10710089 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303781120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the observed deterioration in mental health among Australians over the past decade, this study investigates to what extent this differs in people born in different decades-i.e., possible birth cohort differences in the mental health of Australians. Using 20 y of data from a large, nationally representative panel survey (N = 27,572), we find strong evidence that cohort effects are driving the increase in population-level mental ill-health. Deteriorating mental health is particularly pronounced among people born in the 1990s and seen to a lesser extent among the 1980s cohort. There is little evidence that mental health is worsening with age for people born prior to the 1980s. The findings from this study highlight that it is the poorer mental health of Millennials that is driving the apparent deterioration in population-level mental health. Understanding the context and changes in society that have differentially affected younger people may inform efforts to ameliorate this trend and prevent it continuing for emerging cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdi Botha
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4068, Australia
- Melbourne Institute: Applied Economic & Social Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC3052, Australia
| | - Richard W. Morris
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4068, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT0200, Australia
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC3125, Australia
| | - Nick Glozier
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD4068, Australia
- Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
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10
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Claes S, Vandepitte S, Annemans L. The evolution of the subjective well-being of the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic period: the case of Belgium. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20074. [PMID: 37973803 PMCID: PMC10654729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic period on a nation's well-being remain inadequately understood, especially over time. Therefore, this research aims to map the changes in the subjective well-being (SWB) of the general Belgian adult population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses of variances (ANOVA) were performed to evaluate the changes in SWB during the pandemic at five different time points during the period from February 2020 until December 2022 using repeated cross-sectional representative samples of the Belgian population. The differences over time in subjective well-being were investigated in terms of life evaluation, positive affect, and negative affect. The changes in autonomy, competence, relatedness, loneliness and peace of mind were also explored as explanatory variables. Moderation analyses were performed to investigate the differential changes in well-being for different age groups. Our results show the subjective well-being of the Belgian population decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, notably during the second lockdown and the fifth wave. Furthermore, younger individuals are significantly more susceptible to negative changes in well-being during the pandemic period. Finally, our results show that peace of mind is an important predictor of all SWB components during the pandemic. Based on these results several policy recommendations are formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Claes
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Sophie Vandepitte
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven Annemans
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research (I-CHER), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Simonetti A, Pais C, Savoia V, Cipriani MC, Tosato M, Janiri D, Bernardi E, Ferrara OM, Margoni S, Kotzalidis GD, Chieffo D, Fantoni M, Liperoti R, Landi F, Bernabei R, Sani G. Association of Delirium and Depression with Respiratory and Outcome Measures in COVID-19 Inpatients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1207. [PMID: 37623458 PMCID: PMC10456095 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Delirium (DEL) and depression (DEP) may impair the course and severity of acute respiratory illness. The impact of such syndromes on respiratory and outcome parameters in inpatients with COVID-19 needs clarification. To clarify the relationship between DEL and DEP and respiratory outcome measures, we enrolled 100 inpatients from COVID-19 units of the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS of Rome. Participants were divided into those with DEL, DEP, or absence of either delirium or depression (CONT). Delirium severity was assessed with the Neelson and Champagne Confusion Scale (NEECHAM). Psychopathology was assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Dependent variables include: (a) respiratory parameters, i.e., partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2), oxygen saturation (SpO2), ratio between arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2); (b) outcome parameters, i.e., duration of hospitalization and number of pharmacological treatments used during the hospitalization. We investigated between-group differences and the relationships between severity of delirium/depression and the dependent variables. Duration of hospitalization was longer for DEL than for either DEP or CONT and for DEP compared to CONT. NEECHAM and HAM-D scores predicted lower PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 levels in the DEL and DEP groups, respectively. In DEP, BPRS scores positively correlated with duration of hospitalization. Delirium impacted the course of COVID-19 more severely than depression. The mechanisms by which delirium and depression worsen respiratory parameters differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Simonetti
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Cristina Pais
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (M.C.C.); (M.T.); (R.L.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Vezio Savoia
- Service of Clinical Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (D.C.)
| | - Maria Camilla Cipriani
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (M.C.C.); (M.T.); (R.L.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (M.C.C.); (M.T.); (R.L.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Delfina Janiri
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Evelina Bernardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Ottavia Marianna Ferrara
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Stella Margoni
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza–Università di Roma, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Chieffo
- Service of Clinical Psychology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (D.C.)
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Fantoni
- Laboratory and Infectious Diseases Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Infectious Diseases Section, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Liperoti
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (M.C.C.); (M.T.); (R.L.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (M.C.C.); (M.T.); (R.L.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bernabei
- Department of Geriatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy (M.C.C.); (M.T.); (R.L.); (F.L.); (R.B.)
- Department of Geriatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.J.); (O.M.F.); (S.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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