1
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Joukhan A, Kononenko V, Sollner Dolenc M, Hočevar M, Turk T, Drobne D. Modulation of the Effect of Cisplatin on Nicotine-Stimulated A549 Lung Cancer Cells Using Analog of Marine Sponge Toxin Loaded in Gelatin Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:777. [PMID: 38727371 PMCID: PMC11085658 DOI: 10.3390/nano14090777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Nicotine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are overexpressed in numerous cancer types, leading to signaling pathways that increase lung cancer invasiveness and resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, the effects of APS12-2, a synthetic analog of marine sponge toxin that acts as an antagonist of nAChRs, was investigated in vitro on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells and non-tumorigenic human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells. In addition, gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) loaded with APS12-2 (APS12-2-GNPs) were prepared and their effects were compared with those of free APS12-2. Nicotine reduced cytotoxicity, the formation of reactive oxygen species, and the formation of lipid droplets caused by cisplatin on A549 cells. The effects of nicotine on the decreased efficacy of cisplatin were reduced by APS12-2 and APS12-2-GNPs. APS12-2-GNPs showed a substantial advantage compared with free APS12-2; the cytotoxicity of APS12-2 on BEAS-2B cells was greatly reduced when APS12-2 was loaded in GNPs, whereas the cytotoxicity on A549 cells was only slightly reduced. Our results suggest that both APS12-2 and APS12-2-GNPs hold promise as supportive agents in the cisplatin-based chemotherapy of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Joukhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnical, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Veno Kononenko
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnical, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Marija Sollner Dolenc
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Matej Hočevar
- Institute of Metals and Technology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Tom Turk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnical, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.K.); (T.T.)
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biotechnical, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (V.K.); (T.T.)
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2
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Arunrungvichian K, Vajragupta O, Hayakawa Y, Pongrakhananon V. Targeting Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Lung Cancer: Insights, Challenges, and Therapeutic Strategies. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:28-41. [PMID: 38230275 PMCID: PMC10789132 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) is an ion-gated calcium channel that plays a significant role in various aspects of cancer pathogenesis, particularly in lung cancer. Preclinical studies have elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying α7 nAChR-associated lung cancer proliferation, chemotherapy resistance, and metastasis. Understanding and targeting this mechanism are crucial for developing therapeutic interventions aimed at disrupting α7 nAChR-mediated cancer progression and improving treatment outcomes. Drug research and discovery have determined natural compounds and synthesized chemical antagonists that specifically target α7 nAChR. However, approved α7 nAChR antagonists for clinical use are lacking, primarily due to challenges related to achieving the desired selectivity, efficacy, and safety profiles required for effective therapeutic intervention. This comprehensive review provided insights into the molecular mechanisms associated with α7 nAChR and its role in cancer progression, particularly in lung cancer. Furthermore, it presents an update on recent evidence about α7 nAChR antagonists and addresses the challenges encountered in drug research and discovery in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntarat Arunrungvichian
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Unit
of Compounds Library for Drug Discovery, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Opa Vajragupta
- Research
Affairs, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Institute
of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Varisa Pongrakhananon
- Department
of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Preclinical
Toxicity and Efficacy Assessment of Medicines and Chemicals Research
Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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3
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Bele T, Turk T, Križaj I. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cancer: Limitations and prospects. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166875. [PMID: 37673358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have long been considered to solely mediate neurotransmission. However, their widespread distribution in the human body suggests a more diverse physiological role. Additionally, the expression of nAChRs is increased in certain cancers, such as lung cancer, and has been associated with cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal cell transition, angiogenesis and apoptosis prevention. Several compounds that interact with these receptors have been identified as potential therapeutic agents. They have been tested as drugs for treating nicotine addiction, alcoholism, depression, pain and Alzheimer's disease. This review focuses on nAChR-mediated signalling in cancer, presenting opportunities for the development of innovative nAChR-based anticancer drugs. It displays the differences in expression of each nAChR subunit between normal and cancer cells for selected cancer types, highlighting their possible involvement in specific cases. Antagonists of nAChRs that could complement existing cancer therapies are summarised and critically discussed. We hope that this review will stimulate further research on the role of nAChRs in cancer potentially leading to innovative cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bele
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - T Turk
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - I Križaj
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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4
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Borkar NA, Thompson MA, Bartman CM, Sathish V, Prakash YS, Pabelick CM. Nicotine affects mitochondrial structure and function in human airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L803-L818. [PMID: 37933473 PMCID: PMC11068407 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00158.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to cigarette smoke and e-cigarettes, with nicotine as the active constituent, contributes to increased health risks associated with asthma. Nicotine exerts its functional activity via nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and the alpha7 subtype (α7nAChR) has recently been shown to adversely affect airway dynamics. The mechanisms of α7nAChR action in airways, particularly in the context of airway smooth muscle (ASM), a key cell type in asthma, are still under investigation. Mitochondria have garnered increasing interest for their role in regulating airway tone and adaptations to cellular stress. Here mitochondrial dynamics such as fusion versus fission, and mitochondrial Ca2+ ([Ca2+]m), play an important role in mitochondrial homeostasis. There is currently no information on effects and mechanisms by which nicotine regulates mitochondrial structure and function in ASM in the context of asthma. We hypothesized that nicotine disrupts mitochondrial morphology, fission-fusion balance, and [Ca2+]m regulation, with altered mitochondrial respiration and bioenergetics in the context of asthmatic ASM. Using human ASM (hASM) cells from nonasthmatics, asthmatics, and smokers, we examined the effects of nicotine on mitochondrial dynamics and [Ca2+]m. Fluorescence [Ca2+]m imaging of hASM cells with rhod-2 showed robust responses to 10 μM nicotine, particularly in asthmatics and smokers. In both asthmatics and smokers, nicotine increased the expression of fission proteins while decreasing fusion proteins. Seahorse analysis showed blunted oxidative phosphorylation parameters in response to nicotine in these groups. α7nAChR siRNA blunted nicotine effects, rescuing [Ca2+]m, changes in mitochondrial structural proteins, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These data highlight mitochondria as a target of nicotine effects on ASM, where mitochondrial disruption and impaired buffering could permit downstream effects of nicotine in the context of asthma.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Asthma is a major healthcare burden, which is further exacerbated by smoking. Recognizing the smoking risk of asthma, understanding the effects of nicotine on asthmatic airways becomes critical. Surprisingly, the mechanisms of nicotine action, even in normal and especially asthmatic airways, are understudied. Accordingly, the goal of this research is to investigate how nicotine influences asthmatic airways in terms of mitochondrial structure and function, via the a7nAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyati A Borkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Colleen M Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
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5
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Shlepova OV, Shulepko MA, Shipunova VO, Bychkov ML, Kukushkin ID, Chulina IA, Azev VN, Shramova EI, Kazakov VA, Ismailova AM, Palikova YA, Palikov VA, Kalabina EA, Shaykhutdinova EA, Slashcheva GA, Tukhovskaya EA, Dyachenko IA, Murashev AN, Deyev SM, Kirpichnikov MP, Shenkarev ZO, Lyukmanova EN. Selective targeting of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by synthetic peptide mimicking loop I of human SLURP-1 provides efficient and prolonged therapy of epidermoid carcinoma in vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1256716. [PMID: 37854069 PMCID: PMC10580074 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1256716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
α7-Type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) promotes the growth and metastasis of solid tumors. Secreted Ly6/uPAR-Related Protein 1 (SLURP-1) is a specific negative modulator of α7-nAChR produced by epithelial cells. Here, we investigated mechanisms of antiproliferative activity of recombinant SLURP-1 in epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells and activity of SLURP-1 and synthetic 21 a.a. peptide mimicking its loop I (Oncotag) in a xenograft mice model of epidermoid carcinoma. SLURP-1 inhibited the mitogenic pathways and transcription factors in A431 cells, and its antiproliferative activity depended on α7-nAChR. Intravenous treatment of mice with SLURP-1 or Oncotag for 10 days suppressed the tumor growth and metastasis and induced sustained changes in gene and microRNA expression in the tumors. Both SLURP-1 and Oncotag demonstrated no acute toxicity. Surprisingly, Oncotag led to a longer suppression of pro-oncogenic signaling and downregulated expression of pro-oncogenic miR-221 and upregulated expression of KLF4 protein responsible for control of cell differentiation. Affinity purification revealed SLURP-1 interactions with both α7-nAChR and EGFR and selective Oncotag interaction with α7-nAChR. Thus, the selective inhibition of α7-nAChRs by drugs based on Oncotag may be a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. V. Shlepova
- NTI Center, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - M. A. Shulepko
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China
| | - V. O. Shipunova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Immunology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. L. Bychkov
- NTI Center, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. D. Kukushkin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. A. Chulina
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V. N. Azev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. I. Shramova
- Immunology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. A. Kazakov
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A. M. Ismailova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Y. A. Palikova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V. A. Palikov
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. A. Kalabina
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. A. Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - G. A. Slashcheva
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. A. Tukhovskaya
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I. A. Dyachenko
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A. N. Murashev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - S. M. Deyev
- Immunology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Biomarker Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M. P. Kirpichnikov
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Z. O. Shenkarev
- NTI Center, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Structural Biology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. N. Lyukmanova
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
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6
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Sanchez-Aguilera A, Masmudi-Martín M, Navas-Olive A, Baena P, Hernández-Oliver C, Priego N, Cordón-Barris L, Alvaro-Espinosa L, García S, Martínez S, Lafarga M, Lin MZ, Al-Shahrour F, Menendez de la Prida L, Valiente M. Machine learning identifies experimental brain metastasis subtypes based on their influence on neural circuits. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1637-1649.e11. [PMID: 37652007 PMCID: PMC10507426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
A high percentage of patients with brain metastases frequently develop neurocognitive symptoms; however, understanding how brain metastasis co-opts the function of neuronal circuits beyond a tumor mass effect remains unknown. We report a comprehensive multidimensional modeling of brain functional analyses in the context of brain metastasis. By testing different preclinical models of brain metastasis from various primary sources and oncogenic profiles, we dissociated the heterogeneous impact on local field potential oscillatory activity from cortical and hippocampal areas that we detected from the homogeneous inter-model tumor size or glial response. In contrast, we report a potential underlying molecular program responsible for impairing neuronal crosstalk by scoring the transcriptomic and mutational profiles in a model-specific manner. Additionally, measurement of various brain activity readouts matched with machine learning strategies confirmed model-specific alterations that could help predict the presence and subtype of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sonia Martínez
- Experimental Therapeutics Programme, CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Lafarga
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology and CIBERNED, University of Cantabria- IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Michael Z Lin
- Departments of Neurobiology and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5090, USA
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7
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Zou K, Zeng Z. Role of early growth response 1 in inflammation-associated lung diseases. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L143-L154. [PMID: 37401387 PMCID: PMC10511164 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00413.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Early growth response 1 (EGR1), which is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and immune and inflammatory responses, is a zinc finger transcription factor. EGR1 is a member of the EGR family of early response genes and can be activated by external stimuli such as neurotransmitters, cytokines, hormones, endotoxins, hypoxia, and oxidative stress. EGR1 expression is upregulated during several common respiratory diseases, such as acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, pneumonia, and novel coronavirus disease 2019. Inflammatory response is the common pathophysiological basis of these common respiratory diseases. EGR1 is highly expressed early in the disease, amplifying pathological signals from the extracellular environment and driving disease progression. Thus, EGR1 may be a target for early and effective intervention in these inflammation-associated lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Medical Center of Anesthesiology and Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
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8
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Khalfaoui L, Mukhtasimova N, Kelley B, Wells N, Teske JJ, Roos BB, Borkar NA, Zhang EY, Sine SM, Prakash YS, Pabelick CM. Functional α7 nicotinic receptors in human airway smooth muscle increase intracellular calcium concentration and contractility in asthmatics. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 325:L17-L29. [PMID: 37192375 PMCID: PMC10292984 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00260.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Although nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are commonly associated with neurons in the brain and periphery, recent data indicate that they are also expressed in non-neuronal tissues. We recently found the alpha7 (α7nAChR) subunit is highly expressed in human airway smooth muscle (hASM) with substantial increase in asthmatics, but their functionality remains unknown. We investigated the location and functional role of α7nAChRs in hASM cells from normal versus mild-moderate asthmatic patients. Immunostaining and protein analyses showed α7nAChR in the plasma membrane including in asthmatics. In asthmatic hASM, patch-clamp recordings revealed significantly higher functional homomeric α7nAChR channels. Real-time fluorescence imaging showed nicotine, via α7nAChR, increases intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) independent of ACh effects, particularly in asthmatic hASM, while cellular traction force microscopy showed nicotine-induced contractility including in asthmatics. These results indicate functional homomeric and heteromeric nAChRs that are increased in asthmatic hASM, with pharmacology that likely differ owing to different subunit interfaces that form the orthosteric sites. nAChRs may represent a novel target in alleviating airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cigarette smoking and vaping exacerbate asthma. Understanding the mechanisms of nicotine effects in asthmatic airways is important. This study demonstrates that functional alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChRs) are expressed in human airway smooth muscle, including from asthmatics, and enhance intracellular calcium and contractility. Although a7nAChRs are associated with neuronal pathways, α7nAChR in smooth muscle suggests inhaled nicotine (e.g., vaping) can directly influence airway contractility. Targeting α7nAChR may represent a novel approach to alleviating airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Latifa Khalfaoui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Nuriya Mukhtasimova
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Brian Kelley
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Natalya Wells
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Jacob J Teske
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Benjamin B Roos
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Niyati A Borkar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Emily Y Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Steven M Sine
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
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9
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Evidence of a dual mechanism of action underlying the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of ammonium-alkyloxy-stilbene-based α7- and α9-nicotinic ligands on glioblastoma cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105959. [PMID: 34756924 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs), the most frequent brain tumours, are highly invasive and their prognosis is still poor despite the use of combination treatment. MG624 is a 4-oxystilbene derivative that is active on α7- and α9-containing neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes. Hybridisation of MG624 with a non-nicotinic resveratrol-derived pro-oxidant mitocan has led to two novel compounds (StN-4 and StN-8) that are more potent than MG624 in reducing the viability of GBM cells, but less potent in reducing the viability of mouse astrocytes. Functional analysis of their activity on α7 receptors showed that StN-4 is a silent agonist, whereas StN-8 is a full antagonist, and neither alters intracellular [Ca2+] levels when acutely applied to U87MG cells. After 72 h of exposure, both compounds decreased U87MG cell proliferation, and pAKT and oxphos ATP levels, but only StN-4 led to a significant accumulation of cells in phase G1/G0 and increased apoptosis. One hour of exposure to either compound also decreased the mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ATP production of U87MG cells, and this was not paralleled by any increase in the production of reactive oxygen species. Knocking down the α9 subunit (which is expressed at relatively high levels in U87MG cells) decreased the potency of the effects of both compounds on cell viability, but cell proliferation, ATP production, pAKT levels were unaffected by the presence of the noncell-permeable α7/α9-selective antagonist αBungarotoxin. These last findings suggest that the anti-tumoral effects of StN-4 and StN-8 on GBM cells are not only due to their action on nAChRs, but also to other non-nicotinic mechanisms.
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10
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Bychkov ML, Shulepko MA, Shlepova OV, Kulbatskii DS, Chulina IA, Paramonov AS, Baidakova LK, Azev VN, Koshelev SG, Kirpichnikov MP, Shenkarev ZO, Lyukmanova EN. SLURP-1 Controls Growth and Migration of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells, Forming a Complex With α7-nAChR and PDGFR/EGFR Heterodimer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:739391. [PMID: 34595181 PMCID: PMC8476798 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.739391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Secreted Ly6/uPAR-related protein 1 (SLURP-1) is a secreted Ly6/uPAR protein that negatively modulates the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of α7 type (α7-nAChR), participating in control of cancer cell growth. Previously we showed, that a recombinant analogue of human SLURP-1 (rSLURP-1) diminishes the lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell proliferation and abolishes the nicotine-induced growth stimulation. Here, using multiplex immunoassay, we demonstrated a decrease in PTEN and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase phosphorylation in A549 cells upon the rSLURP-1 treatment pointing on down-regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Decreased phosphorylation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor type β (PDGFRβ) and arrest of the A549 cell cycle in the S and G2/M phases without apoptosis induction was also observed. Using a scratch migration assay, inhibition of A549 cell migration under the rSLURP-1 treatment was found. Affinity extraction demonstrated that rSLURP-1 in A549 cells forms a complex not only with α7-nAChR, but also with PDGFRα and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which are known to be involved in regulation of cancer cell growth and migration and are able to form a heterodimer. Knock-down of the genes encoding α7-nAChR, PDGFRα, and EGFR confirmed the involvement of these receptors in the anti-migration effect of SLURP-1. Thus, SLURP-1 can target the α7-nAChR complexes with PDGFRα and EGFR in the membrane of epithelial cells. Using chimeric proteins with grafted SLURP-1 loops we demonstrated that loop I is the principal active site responsible for the SLURP-1 interaction with α7-nAChR and its antiproliferative effect. Synthetic peptide mimicking the loop I cyclized by a disulfide bond inhibited ACh-evoked current at α7-nAChR, as well as A549 cell proliferation and migration. This synthetic peptide represents a promising prototype of new antitumor drug with the properties close to that of the native SLURP-1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim L. Bychkov
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Shulepko
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Shlepova
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S. Kulbatskii
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina A. Chulina
- Group of Peptide Chemistry, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Paramonov
- Department of Structural Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila K. Baidakova
- Group of Peptide Chemistry, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Viatcheslav N. Azev
- Group of Peptide Chemistry, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Koshelev
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Zakhar O. Shenkarev
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Department of Structural Biology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N. Lyukmanova
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Clarke MR, Jones B, Squires CLM, Imhoff FM, Harwood DT, Rhodes L, Selwood AI, McNabb PS, Baird SK. Cyclic Imine Pinnatoxin G is Cytotoxic to Cancer Cell Lines via Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Driven Classical Apoptosis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:2035-2042. [PMID: 34170700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pinnatoxin G is a cyclic imine neurotoxin produced by dinoflagellates that has been reported in shellfish. Like other members of the pinnatoxin family, it has been shown to have its effects via antagonism of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with preferential binding to the α7 subunit often upregulated in cancer. Because increased activity of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors contributes to increased growth and resistance to apoptosis, the effect of pinnatoxin G on cancer cell viability was tested. In a panel of six cancer cell lines, all cell types lost viability, but HT29 colon cancer and LN18 and U373 glioma cell lines were more sensitive than MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, PC3 prostate cancer cells, and U87 glioma cells, correlating with expression levels of α7, α4, and α9 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Some loss of cell viability could be attributed to cell cycle arrest, but significant levels of classical apoptosis were found, characterized by caspase activity, phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondrial membrane permeability, and fragmented DNA. Intracellular Ca2+ levels also dropped immediately upon pinnatoxin G treatment, which may relate to antagonism of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated Ca2+ inflow. In conclusion, pinnatoxin G can decrease cancer cell viability, with both cytostatic and cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell R Clarke
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Ben Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Chloe L M Squires
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Floriane M Imhoff
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - D Tim Harwood
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7040, New Zealand
| | - Lesley Rhodes
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7040, New Zealand
| | | | - Paul S McNabb
- Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7040, New Zealand
| | - Sarah K Baird
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
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12
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Halder N, Lal G. Cholinergic System and Its Therapeutic Importance in Inflammation and Autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660342. [PMID: 33936095 PMCID: PMC8082108 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological and immunological signals constitute an extensive regulatory network in our body that maintains physiology and homeostasis. The cholinergic system plays a significant role in neuroimmune communication, transmitting information regarding the peripheral immune status to the central nervous system (CNS) and vice versa. The cholinergic system includes the neurotransmitter\ molecule, acetylcholine (ACh), cholinergic receptors (AChRs), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) enzyme, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme. These molecules are involved in regulating immune response and playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis. Most innate and adaptive immune cells respond to neuronal inputs by releasing or expressing these molecules on their surfaces. Dysregulation of this neuroimmune communication may lead to several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Several agonists, antagonists, and inhibitors have been developed to target the cholinergic system to control inflammation in different tissues. This review discusses how various molecules of the neuronal and non-neuronal cholinergic system (NNCS) interact with the immune cells. What are the agonists and antagonists that alter the cholinergic system, and how are these molecules modulate inflammation and immunity. Understanding the various functions of pharmacological molecules could help in designing better strategies to control inflammation and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrita Halder
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Girdhari Lal
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Tolerance, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
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13
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Bai S, Wen W, Hou X, Wu J, Yi L, Zhi Y, Lv Y, Tan X, Liu L, Wang P, Zhou H, Dong Y. Inhibitory effect of sinomenine on lung cancer cells via negative regulation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 109:843-852. [PMID: 32726882 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.6ma0720-344rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with a high morbidity and less than 20% survival rate. Therefore, new treatment strategies and drugs are needed to reduce the mortality of patients with lung cancer. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR), as a receptor of nicotine and its metabolites, is a potential target for lung cancer treatment. Our previous studies revealed that sinomenine plays anti-inflammation roles via α7 nAChR and down-regulates the expression of this receptor, thus increasing the inflammatory response. Hence, sinomenine is possibly a natural ligand of this receptor. In the present study, the effects of sinomenine on lung cancer A549 cells and tumor-bearing mice were determined to investigate whether this alkaloid has an inhibitory effect on lung cancer via α7 nAChR. CCK-8 assay, wound-healing test, and flow cytometry were performed for cell proliferation, cell migration, and apoptosis analysis in vitro, respectively. Xenograft mice were used to evaluate the effects of sinomenine in vivo. Results showed that sinomenine decreased cell proliferation and migration abilities but increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. Tumor volume in tumor-bearing mice was significantly reduced after sinomenine treatment compared with that in the vehicle group mice (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the effects of sinomenine were abolished by the α7 nAChR antagonist mecamylamine and the allosteric modulator PNU-120596, but no change occurred when the mice were pretreated with the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist atropine. Meanwhile, sinomenine suppressed α7 nAChR expression in vitro and in vivo, as well as the related signaling molecules pERK1/2 and ERK1/2 and the transcription factors TTF-1 and SP-1. By contrast, sinomenine up-regulated the expression of another transcription factor, Egr-1. These effects were restricted by mecamylamine and PNU but not by atropine. Results suggested that sinomenine can inhibit lung cancer via α7 nAChR in a negative feedback mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Bai
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Wen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xuenan Hou
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiexiu Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lang Yi
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yingkun Zhi
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Lv
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Tan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, P. R. China
| | - Peixun Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, P. R. China
| | - Yan Dong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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14
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Wang B, Guo H, Yu H, Chen Y, Xu H, Zhao G. The Role of the Transcription Factor EGR1 in Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:642547. [PMID: 33842351 PMCID: PMC8024650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.642547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early growth response factor 1 (EGR1) is a transcription factor that is mainly involved in the processes of tissue injury, immune responses, and fibrosis. Recent studies have shown that EGR1 is closely related to the initiation and progression of cancer and may participate in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis and in tumor angiogenesis. Nonetheless, the specific mechanism whereby EGR1 modulates these processes remains to be elucidated. This review article summarizes possible mechanisms of action of EGR1 in tumorigenesis and tumor progression and may serve as a reference for clinical efficacy predictions and for the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hanfei Guo
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Role of the parasympathetic nervous system in cancer initiation and progression. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 23:669-681. [PMID: 32770391 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02465-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system plays an important role in cancer initiation and progression. Accumulated evidences clearly show that the sympathetic nervous system exerts stimulatory effects on carcinogenesis and cancer growth. However, the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in cancer has been much less elucidated. Whereas retrospective studies in vagotomized patients and experiments employing vagotomized animals indicate the parasympathetic nervous system has an inhibitory effect on cancer, clinical studies in patients with prostate cancer indicate it has stimulatory effects. Therefore, the aim of this paper is a critical evaluation of the available data related to the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in cancer.
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16
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Chen X, Jia Y, Zhang Y, Zhou D, Sun H, Ma X. α5-nAChR contributes to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis by regulating Jab1/Csn5 signalling in lung cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:2497-2506. [PMID: 31930655 PMCID: PMC7028847 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have showed that α5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α5‐nAChR) is closely associated with nicotine‐related lung cancer. Our previous studies also demonstrated that α5‐nAChR mediates nicotine‐induced lung carcinogenesis. However, the mechanism by which α5‐nAChR functions in lung carcinogenesis remains to be elucidated. Jab1/Csn5 is a key regulatory factor in smoking‐induced lung cancer. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanisms linking the α5‐nAChR‐Jab1/Csn5 axis with lung cancer epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for future lung cancer treatments. Our results demonstrated that the expression of α5‐nAChR was correlated with the expression of Jab1/Csn5 in lung cancer tissues and lung cancer cells. α5‐nAChR expression is associated with Jab1/Csn5 expression in lung tumour xenografts in mice. In vitro, the expression of α5‐nAChR mediated Stat3 and Jab1/Csn5 expression, significantly regulating the expression of the EMT markers, N‐cadherin and Vimentin. In addition, the down‐regulation of α5‐nAChR or/and Stat3 reduced Jab1/Csn5 expression, while the silencing of α5‐nAChR or Jab1/Csn5 inhibited the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, α5‐nAChR contributes to EMT and metastasis by regulating Stat3‐Jab1/Csn5 signalling in NSCLC, suggesting that α5‐nAChR may be a potential target in NSCLC diagnosis and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Chen
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanfei Jia
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Dajie Zhou
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haiji Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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17
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Cheng WL, Chen KY, Lee KY, Feng PH, Wu SM. Nicotinic-nAChR signaling mediates drug resistance in lung cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1125-1140. [PMID: 31956359 PMCID: PMC6959074 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Cigarette smoking is the most common risk factor for lung carcinoma; other risks include genetic factors and exposure to radon gas, asbestos, secondhand smoke, and air pollution. Nicotine, the primary addictive constituent of cigarettes, contributes to cancer progression through activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are membrane ligand-gated ion channels. Activation of nicotine/nAChR signaling is associated with lung cancer risk and drug resistance. We focused on nAChR pathways activated by nicotine and its downstream signaling involved in regulating apoptotic factors of mitochondria and drug resistance in lung cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that several sirtuins play a critical role in multiple aspects of cancer drug resistance. Thus, understanding the consequences of crosstalk between nicotine/nAChRs and sirtuin signaling pathways in the regulation of drug resistance could be a critical implication for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Li Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Ming Wu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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18
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α7-Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist QND7 suppresses non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and migration via inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:977-983. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Li TT, Liu MR, Pei DS. Friend or foe, the role of EGR-1 in cancer. Med Oncol 2019; 37:7. [PMID: 31748910 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Early growth response-1 (EGR-1), also termed NEFI-A and Krox-24, as a multi-domain protein is implicated in several vital physiological processes, including development, metabolism, cell growth and proliferation. Previous studies have implied that EGR-1 was producing in response to the tissue injury, immune response and fibrosis. Meanwhile, emerging studies stressed the pronounced correlation of EGR-1 and human cancers. Nevertheless, the intricate mechanisms of cancer-reduce EGR-1 alteration still poorly characterized. In the review, we evaluated the effects of EGR-1 in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tumor microenvironment, and then, we dwell on the intricate signaling pathways that EGR-1 involved in. The aberrantly expressed of EGR-1 in cancers are expected to provide a new cancer therapy strategy or a new marker for assessing treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Tong Li
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Ru Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Zhang WX, Chen HJ, Fan J, Li GL, Sun A, Lan LY, Zhang L, Yan YE. The association between maternal nicotine exposure and adipose angiogenesis in female rat offspring: A mechanism of adipose tissue function changes. Toxicol Lett 2019; 318:12-21. [PMID: 31622651 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and lactation is associated with increased fat mass in the offspring, but the mechanism by which this occurs is not fully understood. Our study focused on the relationships among maternal nicotine exposure, adipose angiogenesis and adipose tissue function in female offspring. Pregnant rats were randomly assigned to nicotine or control groups. Microvascular density, lipid metabolism and α7nAChR-Egr1-FGF2 signaling pathway genes/proteins were tested in 4-, 12- and 26-week female offspring. In vitro, nicotine concentration- and time-response experiments were conducted in 3T3-L1. Lipid metabolism and α7nAChR-Egr1-FGF2 signaling pathway genes/proteins were tested. The conditioned media of differentiated 3T3-L1 treated with nicotine were used to observe tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Nicotine-exposed females presented higher adipose microvascular density. The gene expression of α7nAChR, Egr1 and FGF2 was significantly increased in gonadal white adipose tissue (gWAT) and inguinal subcutaneous WAT (igSWAT) of nicotine-exposed females at 4 weeks of age. The protein expression of α7nAChR, Egr1 and FGF2 was increased in gWAT and igSWAT of nicotine-exposed females at 4 weeks of age, and increased in gWAT at 26 weeks. In vitro, nicotine increased the expression of lipid metabolism and α7nAChR-Egr1-FGF2 signaling pathway genes/proteins in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. In the tube formation experiment, adipocytes affected by nicotine promoted HUVEC angiogenesis. Therefore, maternal nicotine exposure promoted the early angiogenesis of adipose tissue via the α7nAChR-Egr1-FGF2 signaling pathway, and this angiogenesis mechanism was associated with increased adipogenesis in adipose tissue of female offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Xia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui-Jian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jie Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Gai-Ling Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liu-Yi Lan
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - You-E Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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21
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Zhou R, Huang W, Fan X, Liu F, Luo L, Yuan H, Jiang Y, Xiao H, Zhou Z, Deng C, Dang X. miR-499 released during myocardial infarction causes endothelial injury by targeting α7-nAchR. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6085-6097. [PMID: 31270949 PMCID: PMC6714230 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The surged systemic vascular inflammation after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) aggravates the atherosclerotic endothelial injury. To explore roles of miR‐499 released from cardiomyocytes during AMI in endothelial injury. Using qPCR and ELISA, we discovered that patients with AMI had significantly increased plasma miR‐499, which was directly correlated with serum thrombomodulin, a marker for endothelial injury. Plasma of AMI patients, when incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), significantly increased the expression of endothelial injury markers, which could be abrogated by antagomiR‐499. In vitro, neonatal rat cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (HX/R) released miR‐499 that could be internalized into rat pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (RPMECs), worsening the high glucose‐induced injury. In silico analysis demonstrated that CHRNA7 encoding α7‐nAchR is a target of miR‐499, which was validated in cell lines expressing endogenous α7‐nAchR. In high glucose‐induced RPMECs injury model, miR‐499 aggravated, whereas forced CHRNA7 expression ameliorated the injury. Moreover, the perfusate from Langendorff perfused rat heart subjected to HX/R contained higher level of miR‐499 that significantly impaired the Bradykinin‐mediated endothelium‐dependent relaxation in both conduit and resistance arteries, which could be partially abrogated by antagomiR‐499. Finally, the correlation between plasma miR‐499 and endothelial injury was further confirmed in another cohort of AMI patients. We conclude that miR‐499 released from injured cardiomyocytes contributes to the endothelial injury by targeting α7‐nAchR. This study implies that miR‐499 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of the surged vascular inflammation post‐AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wenjun Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xinrong Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liangqin Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haiyang Yuan
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yu Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Haiying Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhichao Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chenliang Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xitong Dang
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education and Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease of Sichuan Province, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Liu Y, Qian J, Sun Z, Zhangsun D, Luo S. Cervical Cancer Correlates with the Differential Expression of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Reveals Therapeutic Targets. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050256. [PMID: 31035425 PMCID: PMC6562638 DOI: 10.3390/md17050256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are associated with various cancers, but the relation between nAChRs and cervical cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the differential expression of nAChR subunits in human cervical cancer cell lines (SiHa, HeLa, and CaSki) and in normal ectocervical cell lines (Ect1/E6E7) at mRNA and protein levels. Two specific nAChR subtype blockers, αO-conotoxin GeXIVA and α-conotoxin TxID, were then selected to treat different human cervical cancer cell lines with specific nAChR subtype overexpression. The results showed that α3, α9, α10, and β4 nAChR subunits were overexpressed in SiHa cells compared with that in normal cells. α9 and α10 nAChR subunits were overexpressed in CaSki cells. α*-conotoxins that targeted either α9α10 or α3β4 nAChR were able to significantly inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation. These findings may provide a basis for new targets for cervical cancer targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Key Lab for Marine Drugs of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China.
| | - Jiang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Key Lab for Marine Drugs of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China.
| | - Zhihua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Key Lab for Marine Drugs of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China.
| | - Dongting Zhangsun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Key Lab for Marine Drugs of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China.
| | - Sulan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Key Lab for Marine Drugs of Haikou, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China.
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Xie P, Zheng Z, Jiang L, Wu S. Penehyclidine effects the angiogenic potential of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2019; 55:5-16. [PMID: 30641132 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study sought to determine the pharmacological effects of penehyclidine, an anticholinergic agent, on the angiogenic capacity of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). In vitro Matrigel network formation assay, cell proliferation assay, cell-matrix adhesion assay, and wound-healing assay were performed in PMVECs with or without exposure to penehyclidine or, in some cases, glycopyrrolate or acetylcholine, over a concentration range. In addition, the phosphorylation state of Akt and ERK, as well as the endogenous level of mTOR and RICTOR were examined in PMVECs by Western blot following the cells exposure to penehyclidine or, for some proteins, glycopyrrolate or acetylcholine. Finally, Western blot for Akt phosphorylation and in vitro Matrigel network formation assay were performed in PMVECs following their exposure to penehyclidine with or without phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 or mTOR inhibitor torin-1. We found that, in PMVECs, penehyclidine affected the network formation and cell migration, but not proliferation or cell-matrix adhesion, in a concentration-specific manner, i.e., penehyclidine increased the network formation and cell migration at lower concentrations but increased these processes at higher concentrations. Coincidentally, we observed that penehyclidine concentration-specifically affected the phosphorylation state of Akt in PMVECs, i.e., increased Akt phosphorylation at lower concentrations and decreased it at higher concentrations. In contrast, glycopyrrolate was found straightly to decrease network formation and Akt phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, we demonstrated that PI3K or mTOR blockade abolished both the enhanced network formation and the increased Akt phosphorylation by penehyclidine. Hence, penehyclidine may differentially alter the angiogenic capacity of PMVECs through affecting the Akt signaling pathway downstream of PI3K and mTOR. Findings from this study suggest a unique pharmacological feature of penehyclidine, which may imply its clinical and therapeutic value in modulating angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilin Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Zhen Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lihua Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Songwei Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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24
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Cedillo JL, Bordas A, Arnalich F, Esteban-Rodríguez I, Martín-Sánchez C, Extremera M, Atienza G, Rios JJ, Arribas RL, Montiel C. Anti-tumoral activity of the human-specific duplicated form of α7-nicotinic receptor subunit in tobacco-induced lung cancer progression. Lung Cancer 2018; 128:134-144. [PMID: 30642446 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tobacco smoking is strongly correlated with the onset and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). By activating α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7-nAChRs) in these tumors nicotine and its tobacco-derived nitrosamine, NNK, contribute to these oncogenic processes. Here, we investigated whether the human-specific duplicated form of the α7-nAChR subunit (dupα7) behaves as an endogenous negative regulator of α7-nAChR-mediated tumorigenic activity induced by tobacco in NSCLC cells, similarly to its influence on other α7-nAChR-controlled functions in non-tumor cells. METHODS Two human NSCLC cell lines, lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (SK-MES-1), both wild-type or with stable overexpression of dupα7 (A549dupα7 or SK-MES-1dupα7), were used to investigate in vitro anti-tumor activity of dupα7 on nicotine- or NNK-induced tumor progression. For this purpose, migration, proliferation or epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were examined. The anti-tumor effect of dupα7 on nicotine-promoted tumor growth, proliferation or angiogenesis was also assessed in vivo in an athymic mouse model implanted with A549dupα7 or A549 xenografts. RESULTS Overexpression of dupα7 in both cell lines almost completely suppresses the in vitro tumor-promoting effects induced by nicotine (1 μM) or NNK (100 nM) in wild-type cells. Furthermore, in mice receiving nicotine, A549dupα7 xenografts show: (i) a significant reduction of tumor growth, and (ii) decreased expression of cell markers for proliferation (Ki67) or angiogenesis (VEGF) compared to A549 xenografts. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates, for the first time, the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor capacity of dupα7 to block the α7-nAChR-mediated tumorigenic effects of tobacco in NSCLC, suggesting that up-regulation of dupα7 expression in these tumors could offer a potential new therapeutic target in smoking-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Cedillo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Bordas
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Arnalich
- Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital La Paz of Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Carolina Martín-Sánchez
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Extremera
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Atienza
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Rios
- Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital La Paz of Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel L Arribas
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Montiel
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
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25
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Shi K, Qiu X, Zheng W, Yan D, Peng W. MiR-203 regulates keloid fibroblast proliferation, invasion, and extracellular matrix expression by targeting EGR1 and FGF2. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1282-1288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Abstract
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) acts as an autocrine growth factor for human lung cancer. Several lines of evidence show that lung cancer cells express all of the proteins required for the uptake of choline (choline transporter 1, choline transporter-like proteins) synthesis of ACh (choline acetyltransferase, carnitine acetyltransferase), transport of ACh (vesicular acetylcholine transport, OCTs, OCTNs) and degradation of ACh (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase). The released ACh binds back to nicotinic (nAChRs) and muscarinic receptors on lung cancer cells to accelerate their proliferation, migration and invasion. Out of all components of the cholinergic pathway, the nAChR-signaling has been studied the most intensely. The reason for this trend is due to genome-wide data studies showing that nicotinic receptor subtypes are involved in lung cancer risk, the relationship between cigarette smoke and lung cancer risk as well as the rising popularity of electronic cigarettes considered by many as a "safe" alternative to smoking. There are a small number of articles which review the contribution of the other cholinergic proteins in the pathophysiology of lung cancer. The primary objective of this review article is to discuss the function of the acetylcholine-signaling proteins in the progression of lung cancer. The investigation of the role of cholinergic network in lung cancer will pave the way to novel molecular targets and drugs in this lethal malignancy.
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27
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Wang S, Hu Y. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1375-1382. [PMID: 30008813 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has one of the highest mortality rates among malignancies globally, and smoking has been documented as the main cause of lung cancer. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) were initially identified as notable regulators of the nervous system. In addition to their function in the brain, accumulating evidence indicates that nAChRs perform a host of diverse functions in almost all non-neuronal mammalian cells. The homomeric α7nAChR, a subtype of nAChRs, is responsible for the proliferative, pro-angiogenic and pro-metastatic effects of nicotine in lung cancer. Provided the association of cigarette smoking with several disease types such as cardiovascular disease, the α7nAChR-mediated signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathophysiology of lung cancer. Currently, strategies that target the α7nAChR including α7nAChR antagonists are considered to be potentially useful anticancer drugs for therapeutic purposes. Thus, the present review assesses current understanding of the function and underlying molecular mechanisms of α7nAChR in lung cancer and evaluates how targeting α7nAChR may result in novel therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchao Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
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28
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Kuol N, Stojanovska L, Apostolopoulos V, Nurgali K. Role of the Nervous System in Tumor Angiogenesis. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2018; 11:1-11. [PMID: 29502307 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-018-0207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of cancer involves an intricate process, wherein many identified and unidentified factors play a role. Tumor angiogenesis, growth of new blood vessels, is one of the major prerequisites for tumor growth as tumor cells rely on adequate oxygen and nutrient supply as well as the removal of waste products. Growth factors including VEGF orchestrate the development of angiogenesis. In addition, nervous system via the release of neurotransmitters contributes to tumor angiogenesis. The nervous system governs functional activities of many organs, and, as tumors are not independent organs within an organism, this system is integrally involved in tumor growth and progression via regulating tumor angiogenesis. Various neurotransmitters have been reported to play an important role in tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyanbol Kuol
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lily Stojanovska
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Centre for Chronic Disease, College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, Australia.
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Duan J, Du C, Shi Y, Liu D, Ma J. Thioredoxin-interacting protein deficiency ameliorates diabetic retinal angiogenesis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 94:61-70. [PMID: 29203232 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness among working-aged adults around the world. Hyperglycemia and intraocular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) over-accumulation are essential for the progression of diabetic retinopathy, which eventually results in proliferative diabetic retinopathy, characterized by pathologic angiogenesis and impaired vision. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) was highly induced in retinal endothelial cells under diabetic conditions. However, the role of TXNIP in diabetes-associated retinal angiogenesis remains elusive. Here, we investigated whether the absence of TXNIP alters diabetes-associated retinal angiogenesis. Exposure of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) to moderately high glucose (MHG) promoted cell migration and tube formation, but not proliferation. Knockdown of TXNIP suppressed moderately high glucose (MHG)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, migration, tube formation and activation of Akt/mTOR pathway in HRMECs. Moreover, gene silencing of TXNIP inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenic response by blocking VEGFR2 and downstream signal pathway Akt/mTOR activation in HRMECs. Furthermore, TXNIP knockout inhibited VEGF or VEGF and MHG-induced retinal angiogenesis ex vivo compared with wild-type mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that TXNIP deficiency inhibited VEGF or/and MHG-induced angiogenic response in HRMECs and mice retinas and suggested TXNIP may be a potential therapy target for treating proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chunyang Du
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Danyan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingxue Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.
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30
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Mucchietto V, Fasoli F, Pucci S, Moretti M, Benfante R, Maroli A, Di Lascio S, Bolchi C, Pallavicini M, Dowell C, McIntosh M, Clementi F, Gotti C. α9- and α7-containing receptors mediate the pro-proliferative effects of nicotine in the A549 adenocarcinoma cell line. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1957-1972. [PMID: 28726253 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tobacco smoke contains many classes of carcinogens and although nicotine is unable to initiate tumourigenesis in humans and rodents, it promotes tumour growth and metastasis in lung tumours by acting on neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs). The aim of this study was to identify molecularly, biochemically and pharmacologically which nAChR subtypes are expressed and functionally activated by nicotine in lung cancer cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used A549 and H1975 adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from lung tumours to test the in vitro effects of nicotine, and nAChR subtype-specific peptides and compounds. KEY RESULTS The two adenocarcinoma cell lines express distinctive nAChR subtypes, and this affects their nicotine-induced proliferation. In A549 cells, nAChRs containing the α7 or α9 subunits not only regulate nicotine-induced cell proliferation but also the activation of the Akt and ERK pathways. Blocking these nAChRs by means of subtype-specific peptides, or silencing their expression by means of subunit-specific siRNAs, abolishes nicotine-induced proliferation and signalling. Moreover, we found that the α7 antagonist MG624 also acts on α9-α10 nAChRs, blocks the effects of nicotine on A549 cells and has dose-dependent cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results highlight the pathophysiological role of α7- and α9-containing receptors in promoting non-small cell lung carcinoma cell growth and intracellular signalling and provide a framework for the development of new drugs that specifically target the receptors expressed in lung tumours. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mucchietto
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Benfante
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maroli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Di Lascio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cheryl Dowell
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Bin X, Lin C, Huang X, Zhou Q, Wang L, Xian CJ. FGF-2 Gene Polymorphism in Osteoporosis among Guangxi's Zhuang Chinese. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071358. [PMID: 28653999 PMCID: PMC5535851 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a complex multifactorial disorder of gradual bone loss and increased fracture risk. While previous studies have shown the importance of many genetic factors in determining peak bone mass and fragility fractures and in suggesting involvement of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in bone metabolism and bone mass, the relationship of FGF-2 genetic diversity with bone mass/osteoporosis has not yet been revealed. The current study investigated the potential relevance of FGF-2 gene polymorphism in osteoporosis among a Zhuang ethnic Chinese cohort of 623, including 237 normal bone mass controls, 227 osteopenia, and 159 osteoporosis of different ages. Bone density was examined by calcaneus ultrasound attenuation measurement, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and linkage disequilibrium analyses were performed on five SNP loci of FGF-2 gene. Significant differences were found in bone mass in males between the 45-year-old and ≥70-year-old groups (p < 0.01), and in females among 55, 60, 65 and 70-year-old groups (p < 0.05). Males had higher bone mass values than females in the same age (over 55-year-old) (p < 0.05). The proportions of individuals with normal bone mass decreased with age (65.2% to 40% in males, and 50% to 0% in females), whereas prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age (15.4% to 30% in men, and 7.7% to 82% in women). Out of five FGF-2 SNP loci, the TA genotype of rs308442 in the osteoporosis group (40.2%) was higher than in the control group (29.5%) (p < 0.05). The TA genotype was significantly correlated with the risk of osteoporosis (odds ratio OR = 1.653), 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.968-1.441). Strong linkage disequilibrium in FGF-2 gene was also detected between rs12644427 and rs3747676, between rs12644427 and rs3789138, and between rs3747676 and rs3789138 (D' > 0.8, and r² > 0.33). Thus, the rs308442 locus of FGF-2 gene is closely correlated to osteoporosis in this Zhuang ethnic Chinese cohort, and the TA may be the risk genotype of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Bin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
| | - Chaowen Lin
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
| | - Xiufeng Huang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
| | - Qinghui Zhou
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China.
| | - Liping Wang
- Sansom Institute for Health Research and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
| | - Cory J Xian
- Sansom Institute for Health Research and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
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Potential of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor PET imaging in atherosclerosis. Methods 2017; 130:90-104. [PMID: 28602809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic events are usually acute and often strike otherwise asymptomatic patients. Although multiple clinical risk factors have been associated with atherosclerosis, as of yet no further individual prediction can be made as to who will suffer from its consequences based on biomarker analysis or traditional imaging methods like CT, MRI or angiography. Previously, non-invasive imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET was shown to potentially fill this niche as it offers high sensitive detection of metabolic processes associated with inflammatory changes in atherosclerotic plaques. However, 18F-FDG PET imaging of arterial vessels suffers from non-specificity and has still to be proven to reliably identify vulnerable plaques, carrying a high risk of rupture. Therefore, it may be regarded only as a secondary marker for monitoring treatment effects and it does not offer alternative treatment options or direct insight in treatment mechanisms. In this review, an overview is given of the current status and the potential of PET imaging of inflammation and angiogenesis in atherosclerosis in general and special emphasis is given to imaging of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs). Due to the gaps that still exist in our understanding of atherogenesis and the limitations of the available PET tracers, the search continues for a more specific radioligand, able to differentiate between stable atherosclerosis and plaques prone to rupture. The potential role of the α7 nAChR as imaging marker for plaque vulnerability is explored. Today, strong evidence exists that nAChRs are involved in the atherosclerotic disease process. They are suggested to mediate the deleterious effects of the major tobacco component, nicotine, a nAChR agonist. Mainly based on in vitro data, α7 nAChR stimulation might increase plaque burden via increased neovascularization. However, in animal studies, α7 nAChR manipulation appears to reduce plaque size due to its inhibitory effects on inflammatory cells. Thus, reliable identification of α7 nAChRs by in vivo imaging is crucial to investigate the exact role of α7 nAChR in atherosclerosis before any therapeutic approach in the human setting can be justified. In this review, we discuss the first experience with α7 nAChR PET tracers and developmental considerations regarding the "optimal" PET tracer to image vascular nAChRs.
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Echeverria V, Yarkov A, Aliev G. Positive modulators of the α7 nicotinic receptor against neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 144:142-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Abstract
The vagus nerve can sense peripheral inflammation and transmit action potentials from the periphery to the brainstem. Vagal afferent signaling is integrated in the brainstem, and efferent vagus nerves carry outbound signals that terminate in spleen and other organs. Stimulation of efferent vagus nerve leads to the release of acetylcholine in these organs. In turn, acetylcholine interacts with members of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) family, particularly with the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), which is expressed by macrophages and other cytokine-producing cells. Ultimately, the production of proinflammatory cytokines is markedly inhibited. This neuroimmune communication is termed "the inflammatory reflex". The uncontrolled inflammation as a result from sepsis can lead to multiple organ failure, and even death. Experimental data show that regulation of the inflammatory reflex appears to be a useful interventional strategy for septic response. Herein, we review recent advances in the understanding of the inflammatory reflex and discuss potential therapeutics that vagal modulation of the immune system for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Wang
- a Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China.,b Department of ICU , Weihai Municipal Hospital , Weihai , China
| | - Yi-Mei Yin
- b Department of ICU , Weihai Municipal Hospital , Weihai , China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- a Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China
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RNA-Seq Reveals the Angiogenesis Diversity between the Fetal and Adults Bone Mesenchyme Stem Cell. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149171. [PMID: 26901069 PMCID: PMC4764296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze 23 single cell samples and 2 bulk cells sample from human adult bone mesenchyme stem cell line and human fetal bone mesenchyme stem cell line. The results from the research demonstrated that there were big differences between two cell lines. Adult bone mesenchyme stem cell lines showed a strong trend on the blood vessel differentiation and cell motion, 48/49 vascular related differential expressed genes showed higher expression in adult bone mesenchyme stem cell lines (Abmsc) than fetal bone mesenchyme stem cell lines (Fbmsc). 96/106 cell motion related genes showed the same tendency. Further analysis showed that genes like ANGPT1, VEGFA, FGF2, PDGFB and PDGFRA showed higher expression in Abmsc. This work showed cell heterogeneity between human adult bone mesenchyme stem cell line and human fetal bone mesenchyme stem cell line. Also the work may give an indication that Abmsc had a better potency than Fbmsc in the future vascular related application.
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Zhao Y. The Oncogenic Functions of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2016; 2016:9650481. [PMID: 26981122 PMCID: PMC4769750 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9650481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ion channels that are expressed in the cell membrane of all mammalian cells, including cancer cells. Recent findings suggest that nAChRs not only mediate nicotine addiction in the brain but also contribute to the development and progression of cancers directly induced by nicotine and its derived carcinogenic nitrosamines whereas deregulation of the nAChRs is observed in many cancers, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) indicate that SNPs nAChRs associate with risks of lung cancers and nicotine addiction. Emerging evidences suggest nAChRs are posited at the central regulatory loops of numerous cell growth and prosurvival signal pathways and also mediate the synthesis and release of stimulatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters induced by their agonists. Thus nAChRs mediated cell signaling plays an important role in stimulating the growth and angiogenic and neurogenic factors and mediating oncogenic signal transduction during cancer development in a cell type specific manner. In this review, we provide an integrated view of nAChRs signaling in cancer, heightening on the oncogenic properties of nAChRs that may be targeted for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Center of Cell biology and Cancer Research, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Bertrand D, Lee CHL, Flood D, Marger F, Donnelly-Roberts D. Therapeutic Potential of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2015; 67:1025-73. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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38
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Báez-Pagán CA, Delgado-Vélez M, Lasalde-Dominicci JA. Activation of the Macrophage α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and Control of Inflammation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2015; 10:468-76. [PMID: 25870122 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-015-9601-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses to stimuli are essential body defenses against foreign threats. However, uncontrolled inflammation may result in serious health problems, which can be life-threatening. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, a ligand-gated ion channel expressed in the nervous and immune systems, has an essential role in the control of inflammation. Activation of the macrophage α7 receptor by acetylcholine, nicotine, or other agonists, selectively inhibits production of pro-inflammatory cytokines while leaving anti-inflammatory cytokines undisturbed. The neural control of this regulation pathway was discovered recently and it was named the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP). When afferent vagus nerve terminals are activated by cytokines or other pro-inflammatory stimuli, the message travels through the afferent vagus nerve, resulting in action potentials traveling down efferent vagus nerve fibers in a process that eventually leads to macrophage α7 activation by acetylcholine and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines production. The mechanism by which activation of α7 in macrophages regulates pro-inflammatory responses is subject of intense research, and important insights have thus been made. The results suggest that activation of the macrophage α7 controls inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB nuclear translocation, and activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway among other suggested pathways. While the α7 is well characterized as a ligand-gated ion channel in neurons, whole-cell patch clamp experiments suggest that α7's ion channel activity, defined as the translocation of ions across the membrane in response to ligands, is absent in leukocytes, and therefore, ion channel activity is generally assumed not to be required for the operation of the CAP. In this perspective, we briefly review macrophage α7 activation as it relates to the control of inflammation, and broaden the current view by providing single-channel currents as evidence that the α7 expressed in macrophages retains its ion translocation activity despite the absence of whole-cell currents. Whether this ion-translocating activity is relevant for the proper operation of the CAP or other important physiological processes remains obscure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Báez-Pagán
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, PO Box 23360, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00931,
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Chernyavsky AI, Shchepotin IB, Galitovkiy V, Grando SA. Mechanisms of tumor-promoting activities of nicotine in lung cancer: synergistic effects of cell membrane and mitochondrial nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:152. [PMID: 25885699 PMCID: PMC4369089 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the major controversies of contemporary medicine is created by an increased consumption of nicotine and growing evidence of its connection to cancer, which urges elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of oncogenic effects of inhaled nicotine. Current research indicates that nicotinergic regulation of cell survival and death is more complex than originally thought, because it involves signals emanating from both cell membrane (cm)- and mitochondrial (mt)-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). In this study, we elaborated on the novel concept linking cm-nAChRs to growth promotion of lung cancer cells through cooperation with the growth factor signaling, and mt-nAChRs — to inhibition of intrinsic apoptosis through prevention of opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Methods Experiments were performed with normal human lobar bronchial epithelial cells, the lung squamous cell carcinoma line SW900, and intact and NNK-transformed immortalized human bronchial cell line BEP2D. Results We demonstrated that the growth-promoting effect of nicotine mediated by activation of α7 cm-nAChR synergizes mainly with that of epidermal growth factor (EGF), α3 — vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), α4 — insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and VEGF, whereas α9 with EGF, IGF-I and VEGF. We also established the ligand-binding abilities of mt-nAChRs and demonstrated that quantity of the mt-nAChRs coupled to inhibition of mPTP opening increases upon malignant transformation. Conclusions These results indicated that the biological sum of simultaneous activation of cm- and mt-nAChRs produces a combination of growth-promoting and anti-apoptotic signals that implement the tumor-promoting action of nicotine on lung cells. Therefore, nAChRs may be a promising molecular target to arrest lung cancer progression and re-open mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex I Chernyavsky
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | | | - Valentin Galitovkiy
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Sergei A Grando
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA. .,Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of California, 134 Sprague Hall, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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40
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Zhong X, Fan Y, Ritzenthaler JD, Zhang W, Wang K, Zhou Q, Roman J. Novel link between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and cholinergic signaling in lung cancer: The role of c-Jun in PGE2-induced α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expression and tumor cell proliferation. Thorac Cancer 2015; 6:488-500. [PMID: 26273406 PMCID: PMC4511329 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates tumor cell growth and progression. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a major mediator of cholinergic signaling in tumor cells. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms by which PGE2 increases non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) proliferation via α7 nAChR induction. METHODS The effects of PGE2 on α7 nAChR expression, promoter activity, and cell signaling pathways were detected by Western blot analysis, real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, and transient transfection assay. The effect of PGE2 on cell growth was determined by cell viability assay. RESULTS We found that PGE2 induced α7 nAChR expression and its promoter activity in NSCLC cells. The stimulatory role of PGE2 on cell proliferation was attenuated by α7 nAChR small interfering ribonucleic acids (siRNA) or acetylcholinesterase. PGE2-induced α7 nAChR expression was blocked by an antagonist of the PGE2 receptor subtype EP4 and by EP4 siRNA. Furthermore, PGE2 enhanced α7 nAChR expression via activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), and protein kinase A (PKA) pathways followed by increased c-Jun expression, a critical transcription factor. Blockade of c-Jun diminished the effects of PGE2 on α7 nAChR promoter activity and protein expression, and cell growth. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that PGE2 promotes NSCLC cell growth through increased α7 nAChR expression. This effect is dependent on EP4-mediated activation of JNK, PI3K, and PKA signals that induce c-Jun protein expression and α7 nAChR gene promoter activity. Our findings unveil a novel link between prostanoids and cholinergic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoRong Zhong
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jeffrey D Ritzenthaler
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - WenJing Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - QingHua Zhou
- Lung Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jesse Roman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky, USA ; Louisville Veterans Affairs Medical Center Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Egleton RD, Abbruscato T. Drug abuse and the neurovascular unit. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2014; 71:451-80. [PMID: 25307226 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse continues to create a major international epidemic affecting society. A great majority of past drug abuse research has focused mostly on the mechanisms of addiction and the specific effects of substance use disorders on brain circuits and pathways that modulate reward, motivation, craving, and decision making. Few studies have focused on the neurobiology of acute and chronic substance abuse as it relates to the neurovascular unit (brain endothelial cell, neuron, astrocyte, microglia, and pericyte). Increasing research indicates that all cellular components of the neurovascular unit play a pivotal role in both the process of addiction and how drug abuse affects the brain response to diseases. This review will focus on the specific effects of opioids, amphetamines, alcohol, and nicotine on the neurovascular unit and its role in addiction and adaption to brain diseases. Elucidation of the role of the neurovascular unit on the neurobiology associated with drug addiction will help to facilitate the development of better therapeutic approaches for drug-dependent individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Egleton
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA.
| | - Thomas Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA.
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42
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Expression of acetylcholine receptors by experimental rat renal allografts. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:289656. [PMID: 25121092 PMCID: PMC4119892 DOI: 10.1155/2014/289656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic allograft injury (CAI) is a major cause for renal allograft dysfunction and characterized by vasculopathies, tubular atrophy, and fibrosis. We demonstrated that numerous leukocytes interact with vascular endothelial cells of allografts and produce acetylcholine, which contributes to vascular remodeling. The cholinergic system might be a promising target for the development of novel therapies. However, neither the cellular mechanisms nor the acetylcholine receptors involved in CAI are known. Kidney transplantation was performed in the Lewis to Lewis and in the Fischer-334 to Lewis rat strain combination, which is an established experimental model for CAI. Expression of nicotinic and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mRNA was quantified in renal tissue by real-time RT-PCR on days 9 and 42 after surgery. We detected CHRNA2-7, CHRNA10, CHRNB2, CHRNB4, and CHRM1-3 mRNA in normal kidneys and in renal transplants. In contrast, CHRNA9, CHRM4, and CHRM5 mRNA remained below the threshold of detection. In renal allografts, CHRNA3 and CHRNB4 mRNA expression were dramatically reduced compared to isografts. In conclusion, we demonstrated that most acetylcholine receptor subtypes are expressed by normal and transplanted kidneys. Allograft rejection downmodulates CHRNA3 and CHRNB4 mRNA. The role of different acetylcholine receptor subtypes in the development of CAI remains to be established.
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Abstract
This Opinion article discusses emerging evidence of direct contributions of nicotine to cancer onset and growth. The list of cancers reportedly connected to nicotine is expanding and presently includes small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinomas, as well as head and neck, gastric, pancreatic, gallbladder, liver, colon, breast, cervical, urinary bladder and kidney cancers. The mutagenic and tumour-promoting activities of nicotine may result from its ability to damage the genome, disrupt cellular metabolic processes, and facilitate growth and spreading of transformed cells. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), which are activated by nicotine, can activate several signalling pathways that can have tumorigenic effects, and these receptors might be able to be targeted for cancer therapy or prevention. There is also growing evidence that the unique genetic makeup of an individual, such as polymorphisms in genes encoding nAChR subunits, might influence the susceptibility of that individual to the pathobiological effects of nicotine. The emerging knowledge about the carcinogenic mechanisms of nicotine action should be considered during the evaluation of regulations on nicotine product manufacturing, distribution and marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei A Grando
- Departments of Dermatology and Biological Chemistry, and Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of California, Irvine, California 92782, USA
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44
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Ren T, Qing Y, Dai N, Li M, Qian C, Yang Y, Cheng Y, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhong Z, Wang D. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 induced upregulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 and its receptor 3 induces angiogenesis in human osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:186-94. [PMID: 24329908 PMCID: PMC4317824 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis contributes to inferior prognosis in osteosarcoma. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and its receptor 3 (FGFR3) signaling pathway plays an important role in the angiogenic process. In this study we observed that high expression of APE1, FGF2 and FGFR3, and microvessel density are positively correlated with poor prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Furthermore, the Cox model showed that the tumor size, FGF2 and its receptor 3 (FGFR3), and microvessel density were adverse prognostic factors. Based on our clinical data, and the fact that APE1 is involved in tumor angiogenesis, we hypothesize that it is very likely that APE1 may indirectly promote angiogenesis by upregulating fibroblast FGF2 and FGFR3. Our preliminary data show small interfering RNA-mediated silence of APE1 experiments, which further supports this hypothesis. APE1-small interfering RNA significantly inhibited tumor angiogenesis by downregulating in vitro expression of FGF2 and FGFR3 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in Matrigel tube formation assay, and further inhibited tumor growth in vivo in a mouse xenograft model. Thus, the proposed APE1-FGF2 and FGFR3 pathway may provide a novel mechanism for regulation of FGF2 and FGFR3 by APE1 in tumor angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Bone Neoplasms/blood supply
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/metabolism
- Bone Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Child
- DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/genetics
- DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase/metabolism
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Female
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/genetics
- Fibroblast Growth Factor 2/metabolism
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Microvessels/pathology
- Middle Aged
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Osteosarcoma/blood supply
- Osteosarcoma/genetics
- Osteosarcoma/metabolism
- Osteosarcoma/pathology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/genetics
- Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3/metabolism
- Up-Regulation
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ren
- Cancer Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wang YY, Liu Y, Ni XY, Bai ZH, Chen QY, Zhang Y, Gao FG. Nicotine promotes cell proliferation and induces resistance to cisplatin by α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor‑mediated activation in Raw264.7 and El4 cells. Oncol Rep 2013; 31:1480-8. [PMID: 24399025 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Although nicotine is a risk factor for carcinogenesis and atherosclerosis, epidemiological data indicate that nicotine has therapeutic benefits in treating Alzheimer's disease. Our previous studies also showed that nicotine-treated dendritic cells have potential antitumor effects. Hence, the precise effects of nicotine on the biological characterizations of cells are controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess the roles of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), Erk1/2-p38-JNK and PI3K-Akt pathway in nicotine-mediated proliferation and anti-apoptosis effects. The results firstly showed that nicotine treatment clearly augmented cell viability and upregulated PCNA expression in both Raw264.7 and El4 cells. Meanwhile, nicotine afforded protection against cisplatin-induced toxicity through inhibiting caspase-3 activation and upregulating anti-apoptotic protein expression. Further exploration demonstrated that nicotine efficiently abolished cisplatin-promoted mitochondria translocation of Bax and the release of cytochrome c. The pretreatment of α-bungarotoxin and tubocurarine chloride significantly attenuated nicotine-augmented cell viability, abolished caspase-3 activation and α7 nAChR upregulation. Both Erk-JNK-p38 and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways could be activated by nicotine treatment in Raw264.7 and El4 cells. Notably, when Erk-JNK and PI3K-Akt activities were inhibited, nicotine-augmented cell proliferation and anti-apoptotic effects were abolished accordingly. The results presented here indicate that nicotine could achieve α7 nAChR-mediated proliferation and anti-apoptotic effects by activating Erk-JNK and PI3K-Akt pathways respectively, providing potential therapeutic molecules to deal with smoking-associated human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan Wang
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| | - Yao Liu
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Yan Ni
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Huan Bai
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Yun Chen
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
| | - Feng Guang Gao
- Basic Medicine Science, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P.R. China
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Rezzola S, Belleri M, Gariano G, Ribatti D, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, Presta M. In vitro and ex vivo retina angiogenesis assays. Angiogenesis 2013; 17:429-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-013-9398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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47
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Tonini G, D’Onofrio L, Dell’Aquila E, Pezzuto A. New molecular insights in tobacco-induced lung cancer. Future Oncol 2013; 9:649-55. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We know that cigarette smoking is a leading preventable cause of carcinogenesis in lung cancer. Cigarette smoke is a mixture of more than 5000 chemical compounds, among which more than 60 are recognized to have a specific carcinogenic potential. Carcinogens and their metabolites (i.e., N-nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) can activate multiple pathways, contributing to lung cell transformation in different ways. Nicotine, originally thought only to be responsible for tobacco addiction, is also involved in tumor promotion and progression with antiapoptotic and indirect mitogenic properties. Lung nodules are frequent in smokers and can be transformed into malignant tumors depending on persistant smoking status. Even if detailed mechanisms underlying tobacco-induced cancerogenesis are not completely elucitated, this report collects the emergent body of knowledge in order to simplify the extremely complex framework that links smoking exposure to lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tonini
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico Roma, Rome, Italy,
| | - Loretta D’Onofrio
- Department of Oncology, University Campus Bio-Medico Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Pezzuto
- Department of Pneumology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
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48
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Lau JK, Brown KC, Thornhill BA, Crabtree CM, Dom AM, Witte TR, Hardman WE, McNees CA, Stover CA, Carpenter AB, Luo H, Chen YC, Shiflett BS, Dasgupta P. Inhibition of cholinergic signaling causes apoptosis in human bronchioalveolar carcinoma. Cancer Res 2013; 73:1328-39. [PMID: 23222296 PMCID: PMC10461321 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent case-controlled clinical studies show that bronchioalveolar carcinomas (BAC) are correlated with smoking. Nicotine, the addictive component of cigarettes, accelerates cell proliferation through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). In this study, we show that human BACs produce acetylcholine (ACh) and contain several cholinergic factors including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), choline transporter 1 (CHT1, SLC5A7), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT, SLC18A3), and nACh receptors (AChRs, CHRNAs). Nicotine increased the production of ACh in human BACs, and ACh acts as a growth factor for these cells. Nicotine-induced ACh production was mediated by α7-, α3β2-, and β3-nAChRs, ChAT and VAChT pathways. We observed that nicotine upregulated ChAT and VAChT. Therefore, we conjectured that VAChT antagonists, such as vesamicol, may suppress the growth of human BACs. Vesamicol induced potent apoptosis of human BACs in cell culture and nude mice models. Vesamicol did not have any effect on EGF or insulin-like growth factor-II-induced growth of human BACs. siRNA-mediated attenuation of VAChT reversed the apoptotic activity of vesamicol. We also observed that vesamicol inhibited Akt phosphorylation during cell death and that overexpression of constitutively active Akt reversed the apoptotic activity of vesamicol. Taken together, our results suggested that disruption of nicotine-induced cholinergic signaling by agents such as vesamicol may have applications in BAC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie K. Lau
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Kathleen C. Brown
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Brent A. Thornhill
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Clayton M. Crabtree
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Aaron M. Dom
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Theodore R. Witte
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - W. Elaine Hardman
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Christopher A. McNees
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Cody A. Stover
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - A. Betts Carpenter
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Haitao Luo
- Department of Biology, Alderson-Broaddus College, Philippi, West Virginia
| | - Yi C. Chen
- Department of Biology, Alderson-Broaddus College, Philippi, West Virginia
| | - Brandon S. Shiflett
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington
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Warren GW, Singh AK. Nicotine and lung cancer. J Carcinog 2013; 12:1. [PMID: 23599683 PMCID: PMC3622363 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.106680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use in cancer patients is associated with increased cancer treatment failure and decreased survival. Nicotine is one of over 7,000 compounds in tobacco smoke and nicotine is the principal chemical associated with addiction. The purpose of this article is to review the tumor promoting activities of nicotine. Nicotine and its metabolites can promote tumor growth through increased proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and stimulation of autocrine loops associated with tumor growth. Furthermore, nicotine can decrease the biologic effectiveness of conventional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Common mechanisms appear to involve activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and beta-adrenergic receptors leading to downstream activation of parallel signal transduction pathways that facilitate tumor progression and resistance to treatment. Data suggest that nicotine may be an important mechanism by which tobacco promotes tumor development, progression, and resistance to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Warren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA ; Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA and Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
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50
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Santanam N, Thornhill BA, Lau JK, Crabtree CM, Cook CR, Brown KC, Dasgupta P. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling in atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:264-73. [PMID: 22929083 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis, stroke and myocardial infarction. Cigarette smoke consists of a complex mixture of about 4000 compounds. Out of these, polycyclic hydrocarbons, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, oxidizing agents and carbon monoxide have been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that nicotine (the addictive component of cigarettes) binds to high affinity cell-surface receptors and accelerates the atherogenic process. These receptors are called nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and are expressed ubiquitously in almost all cells existing in the blood vessels. The present review summarizes the pro-atherogenic effects of nAChR ligands such as nicotine and tobacco nitrosamines. The contribution of different nAChR subunits in plaque growth, progression and neovascularization are discussed in detail. The signaling pathways underlying the actions of the nAChRs ligands in blood vessels are also described. Finally, the feasibility of nAChR ligands as therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis is summarized. We believe that the information presented in this review is relevant for atherosclerosis patients who are active smokers, exposed to environmental tobacco smoke or use nicotine patches or gums for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Santanam
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology & Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
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