1
|
Menditto VG, Moretti M, Babini L, Sampaolesi M, Buzzo M, Montillo L, Raponi A, Riccomi F, Marcosignori M, Rocchi M, Pomponio G. Minor head injury in anticoagulated patients: Outcomes and analysis of clinical predictors. A prospective study. Am J Emerg Med 2024; 76:105-110. [PMID: 38056055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2023.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal management of patients taking oral anticoagulants who experience minor head injury (MHI) is unclear. The availability of validated protocols and reliable predictors of prognosis would be of great benefit. We investigated clinical factors as predictors of clinical outcomes and intracranial injury (ICI). METHODS We conducted a single-cohort, prospective, observational study in an ED. Our structured clinical pathway included a first head CT scan, 24 h observation and a second CT scan. The primary outcome was the occurrence of MHI-related death or re-admission to ED at day +30. The secondary outcome was the rate of delayed ICI (dICI), defined as second positive CT scan after a first negative CT scan. We assessed some clinical predictors derived from guidelines and clinical prediction rules as potential risk factors for the outcomes. RESULTS 450 patients with a negative first CT scan who underwent a second CT scan composed our 'study population'. The rate of the primary outcome was 4%. The rate of the secondary outcome was 4.7%. Upon univariate and multivariate analysis no statistically significant predictors for the outcomes were found. CONCLUSIONS Previous retrospective studies showed a lot of negative predictive factors for anticoagulated patients suffering a minor head injury. In our prospective study no clinical factors emerged as predictors of poor clinical outcomes and dICI. So, even if we confirmed a low rate of adverse outcomes, the best management of these patients in ED remains not so clear and future trials are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V G Menditto
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
| | - M Moretti
- Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - L Babini
- Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Sampaolesi
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Buzzo
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - L Montillo
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Raponi
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Riccomi
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Marcosignori
- Emergency and Internal Medicine Department, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Rocchi
- Statistica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università di Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - G Pomponio
- Clinica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bonetta S, Macrì M, Acito M, Villarini M, Moretti M, Bonetta S, Bosio D, Mariella G, Bellisario V, Bergamaschi E, Carraro E. DNA damage in workers exposed to pigment grade titanium dioxide (TiO 2) and association with biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 105:104328. [PMID: 38013010 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed at investigating DNA damage, micronuclei frequency and meta-nuclear alterations in buccal cells of workers involved in pigment-grade TiO2 production (15 exposed and 20 not-exposed). We also assessed associations of genotoxicity biomarkers with oxidative stress/inflammatory biomarkers in urine and exhaled breath condensate (EBC), as well as possible associations between biomarkers and reported respiratory symptoms. In spite of compliance with TiO2 Occupational Exposure Limits, results showed increased direct/oxidative DNA damage and micronuclei frequency in exposed workers. Genotoxicity parameters were associated with oxidative stress/inflammation biomarkers in urine and EBC, thus confirming that TiO2 exposure can affect the oxidative balance. Workers with higher genotoxic/oxidative stress biomarkers levels reported early respiratory symptoms suggesting that molecular alterations can be predictive of early health dysfunctions. These findings suggest the need to assess early health impairment in health surveillance programs and to address properly safety issues in workplaces where TiO2 is handled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sa Bonetta
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - M Macrì
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - M Acito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy
| | - Si Bonetta
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - D Bosio
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - G Mariella
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - V Bellisario
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - E Bergamaschi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - E Carraro
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 Bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Di Fiore A, Bellardinelli S, Pirone L, Russo R, Angrisani A, Terriaca G, Bowen M, Bordin F, Besharat ZM, Canettieri G, Fabretti F, Di Gaetano S, Di Marcotullio L, Pedone E, Moretti M, De Smaele E. KCTD1 is a new modulator of the KCASH family of Hedgehog suppressors. Neoplasia 2023; 43:100926. [PMID: 37597490 PMCID: PMC10462845 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2023.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
The Sonic Hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction pathway plays a critical role in many developmental processes and, when deregulated, may contribute to several cancers, including basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma, colorectal, prostate, and pancreatic cancer. In recent years, several Hh inhibitors have been developed, mainly acting on the Smo receptor. However, drug resistance due to Smo mutations or non-canonical Hh pathway activation highlights the need to identify further mechanisms of Hh pathway modulation. Among these, deacetylation of the Hh transcription factor Gli1 by the histone deacetylase HDAC1 increases Hh activity. On the other end, the KCASH family of oncosuppressors binds HDAC1, leading to its ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, leaving Gli1 acetylated and not active. It was recently demonstrated that the potassium channel containing protein KCTD15 is able to interact with KCASH2 protein and stabilize it, enhancing its effect on HDAC1 and Hh pathway. KCTD15 and KCTD1 proteins share a high homology and are clustered in a specific KCTD subfamily. We characterize here KCTD1 role on the Hh pathway. Therefore, we demonstrated KCTD1 interaction with KCASH1 and KCASH2 proteins, and its role in their stabilization by reducing their ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. Consequently, KCTD1 expression reduces HDAC1 protein levels and Hh/Gli1 activity, inhibiting Hh dependent cell proliferation in Hh tumour cells. Furthermore, analysis of expression data on publicly available databases indicates that KCTD1 expression is reduced in Hh dependent MB samples, compared to normal cerebella, suggesting that KCTD1 may represent a new putative target for therapeutic approaches against Hh-dependent tumour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Di Fiore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - S Bellardinelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Pirone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - R Russo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples 80131, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - A Angrisani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Terriaca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - M Bowen
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Bordin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Z M Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - G Canettieri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - F Fabretti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - S Di Gaetano
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - L Di Marcotullio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - E Pedone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, CNR, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; Neuromed Institute, Pozzilli 86077, Italy
| | - E De Smaele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Van Laethem J, Wuyts S, Van Laere S, Koulalis J, Colman M, Moretti M, Seyler L, De Waele E, Pierard D, Lacor P, Allard SD. Correction to: Antibiotic prescriptions in the context of suspected bacterial respiratory tract superinfections in the COVID-19 era: a retrospective quantitative analysis of antibiotic consumption and identification of antibiotic prescription drivers. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:1607-1608. [PMID: 37178243 PMCID: PMC10182755 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Van Laethem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - S Wuyts
- Hospital Pharmacy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Van Laere
- Interfaculty Centre Data Processing and Statistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Koulalis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Colman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Seyler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E De Waele
- Intensive Care Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Pierard
- Microbiology Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Lacor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S D Allard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lisco S, Lapietra I, Laviano R, Mastronuzzi G, Fracchiolla T, Moretti M. Sedimentological features of asbestos cement fragments in coastal environments (Taranto, southern Italy). Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 187:114469. [PMID: 36669298 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Asbestos cement materials (ACMs) are widespread in coastal environments as result of illegal dumping activities. This study focuses on the Taranto area (Italy) in the Mar Grande basin within the northern sector of the Ionian Sea. The complex history of dumping building materials containing high amounts of ACM into the coastal zone, and the erosion, transport and deposition in Marechiaro Bay is a serious environmental hazard. An interdisciplinary research methodology defines the temporal dumping succession, and the erosional processes and phases, the diffusion of ACM, the mineralogical characteristics, and existing physical status of the ACM. A multiscale investigation was conducted. Results show that from 1992 to 2000 a significant increment of dumping operations have occurred. The current cliff has been subject to erosion and redeposition phases, developing a new beach composed of these polluted man-made sediments. The findings persuade the local authorities to close the beach requiring remediation interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lisco
- Department of Geoenvironmental and Earth Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - I Lapietra
- Department of Geoenvironmental and Earth Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - R Laviano
- Department of Geoenvironmental and Earth Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - G Mastronuzzi
- Department of Geoenvironmental and Earth Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - T Fracchiolla
- Department of Geoenvironmental and Earth Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Geoenvironmental and Earth Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Giordano A, Cinti F, Canese R, Carpinelli G, Colleluori G, Di Vincenzo A, Palombelli G, Severi I, Moretti M, Redaelli C, Partridge J, Zingaretti MC, Agostini A, Sternardi F, Giovagnoni A, Castorina S, Cinti S. The Adipose Organ Is a Unitary Structure in Mice and Humans. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092275. [PMID: 36140375 PMCID: PMC9496043 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. In mice and humans with obesity, the adipose organ undergoes remarkable morpho-functional alterations. The comprehension of the adipose organ function and organization is of paramount importance to understand its pathology and formulate future therapeutic strategies. In the present study, we performed anatomical dissections, magnetic resonance imaging, computed axial tomography and histological and immunohistochemical assessments of humans and mouse adipose tissues. We demonstrate that most of the two types of adipose tissues (white, WAT and brown, BAT) form a large unitary structure fulfilling all the requirements necessary to be considered as a true organ in both species. A detailed analysis of the gross anatomy of mouse adipose organs in different pathophysiological conditions (normal, cold, pregnancy, obesity) shows that the organ consists of a unitary structure composed of different tissues: WAT, BAT, and glands (pregnancy). Data from autoptic dissection of 8 cadavers, 2 females and 6 males (Age: 37.5 ± 9.7, BMI: 23 ± 2.7 kg/m2) and from detailed digital dissection of 4 digitalized cadavers, 2 females and 2 males (Age: 39 ± 14.2 years, BMI: 22.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2) confirmed the mixed (WAT and BAT) composition and the unitary structure of the adipose organ also in humans. Considering the remarkable endocrine roles of WAT and BAT, the definition of the endocrine adipose organ would be even more appropriate in mice and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Giordano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - F. Cinti
- UOS Centro Malattie Endocrine e Metaboliche, UOC Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - R. Canese
- MRI Unit-Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - G. Carpinelli
- MRI Unit-Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - G. Colleluori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - A. Di Vincenzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - G. Palombelli
- MRI Unit-Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - I. Severi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - M. Moretti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - M. C. Zingaretti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - A. Agostini
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - F. Sternardi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - A. Giovagnoni
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - S. Castorina
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, 95121 Catania, Italy
| | - S. Cinti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center for the Study of Obesity, Marche Polytechnic University, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mainardi VL, Rubert M, Sabato C, de Leeuw A, Arrigoni C, Dubini G, Candrian C, Müller R, Moretti M. Culture of 3D Bioprinted Bone Constructs Requires an Increased Fluid Dynamic Stimulation. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:374-385. [PMID: 36108964 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In vitro flow-induced mechanical stimulation of developing bone tissue constructs has been shown to favor mineral deposition in scaffolds seeded with cells directly exposed to the fluid flow. However, the effect of fluid dynamic parameters, such as shear stress (SS), within 3D bioprinted constructs is still unclear. Thus, this study aimed at correlating the SS levels and the mineral deposition in 3D bioprinted constructs, evaluating the possible dampening effect of the hydrogel. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were embedded in 3D bioprinted porous structures made of alginate and gelatin. 3D bioprinted constructs were cultured in an osteogenic medium assessing the influence of different flow rates (0, 0.7 and 7 ml/min) on calcium and collagen deposition through histology, and bone volume (BV) through micro-computed tomography. Uniform distribution of calcium and collagen was observed in all groups. Nevertheless, BV significantly increased in perfused groups as compared to static control, ranging from 0.35±0.28 mm3, 11.90±8.74 mm3 and 25.81±5.02 mm3 at week 3 to 2.28±0.78 mm3, 22.55±2.45 mm3 and 46.05±5.95 mm3 at week 6 in static, 0.7 and 7 ml/min groups, respectively. SS values on construct fibers in the range 10-100 mPa in 7 ml/min samples were twice as high as those in 0.7 ml/min samples showing the same trend of BV. The obtained results suggest that it is necessary to enhance the flow-induced mechanical stimulation of cell-embedding hydrogels to increase the amount of mineral deposited by hMSCs, compared to what is generally reported for the development of in vitro bone constructs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: : Culture of 3D Bioprinted Bone Constructs Requires an Increased Fluid Dynamic Stimulation, In this study, we evaluated for the first time how the hydrogel structure dampens the effect of flow-induced mechanical stimulation during the culture of 3D bioprinted bone tissue constructs. By combining computational and experimental techniques we demonstrated that those shear stress thresholds generally considered for culturing cells seeded on scaffold surface, are no longer applicable when cells are embedded in 3D bioprinted constructs. Significantly, more bone volume was formed in constructs exposed to shear stress values generally considered as detrimental than in constructs exposed shear stress values generally considered as beneficial after 3 weeks and 6 weeks of dynamic culture using a perfusion bioreactor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Mainardi
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Laboratory of Biological Structures Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; Laboratory for Bone Biomechanics, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - M Rubert
- Laboratory for Bone Biomechanics, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - C Sabato
- Laboratory of Biological Structures Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy; Laboratory for Bone Biomechanics, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - A de Leeuw
- Laboratory for Bone Biomechanics, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland
| | - C Arrigoni
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland
| | - G Dubini
- Laboratory of Biological Structures Mechanics (LaBS), Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - C Candrian
- Servizio di Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Lugano 6900, Switzerland; Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano 6900, Switzerland
| | - R Müller
- Laboratory for Bone Biomechanics, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
| | - M Moretti
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Bellinzona 6500, Switzerland; Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano 6900, Switzerland; Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan 20161, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bavo F, Pallavicini M, Pucci S, Appiani R, Giraudo A, Eaton B, Lucero L, Gotti C, Moretti M, Whiteaker P, Bolchi C. From 2-Triethylammonium Ethyl Ether of 4-Stilbenol (MG624) to Selective Small-Molecule Antagonists of Human α9α10 Nicotinic Receptor by Modifications at the Ammonium Ethyl Residue. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10079-10097. [PMID: 35834819 PMCID: PMC9339509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α9 subunits (α9*-nAChRs) are potential druggable targets arousing great interest for pain treatment alternative to opioids. Nonpeptidic small molecules selectively acting as α9*-nAChRs antagonists still remain an unattained goal. Here, through modifications of the cationic head and the ethylene linker, we have converted the 2-triethylammonium ethyl ether of 4-stilbenol (MG624), a well-known α7- and α9*-nAChRs antagonist, into some selective antagonists of human α9*-nAChR. Among these, the compound with cyclohexyldimethylammonium head (7) stands out for having no α7-nAChR agonist or antagonist effect along with very low affinity at both α7- and α3β4-nAChRs. At supra-micromolar concentrations, 7 and the other selective α9* antagonists behaved as partial agonists at α9*-nAChRs with a very brief response, followed by rebound current once the application is stopped and the channel is disengaged. The small or null postapplication activity of ACh seems to be related to the slow recovery of the rebound current.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bavo
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università
degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy,Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University
of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università
degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Susanna Pucci
- Institute
of Neuroscience, CNR, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy,NeuroMi
Milan Center for Neuroscience, University
of Milano Bicocca, piazza
Ateneo Nuovo 1, I-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Rebecca Appiani
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università
degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giraudo
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università
degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Brek Eaton
- Division
of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, United States
| | - Linda Lucero
- Division
of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, United States
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Institute
of Neuroscience, CNR, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- Institute
of Neuroscience, CNR, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy,Department
of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Paul Whiteaker
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università
degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy,. Phone: +390250319347
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cardelli C, Caruso T, Tani C, Pratesi F, Talarico R, DI Cianni F, Italiano N, Laurino E, Moretti M, Cascarano G, Diomedi M, Gualtieri L, D’urzo R, Migliorini P, Mosca M. AB1152 COVID-19 mRNA VACCINE BOOSTER IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPatients with systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) are often treated with drugs that interfere with the immune system and previous data showed a reduced seroconversion rate after anti-SARS-CoV2 vaccine in these subjects compared to healthy controls1. Administration of a booster dose of the vaccine could be particularly important in these patients, but data available to date are still scarce.ObjectivesTo evaluate the antibody response to the booster dose of mRNA SARS-CoV2 vaccine in patients with SADs and to compare it to the response after completion of the first vaccination course. Secondly, to find possible correlations between a low antibody titre and patients’ clinical features, with special regard to ongoing immunosuppressive therapies.MethodsConsecutive patients with an established diagnosis of SADs undergoing SARS-CoV2 vaccine were prospectively enrolled from January 2021; among them, we selected the patients who received the third vaccination dose between September and December 2021. Demographic and clinical data were collected at enrolment (sex, age, diagnosis, disease duration, ongoing therapies, previous SARS-CoV2 infection, presence of hypogammaglobulinemia); the last three elements were reassessed at each follow-up visit. Blood samples were collected 4 weeks both after the second (W4a) and the third (W4b) dose of the vaccine; a minority of patients was also tested 12 weeks after the second dose (W12). IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) and neutralizing antibodies inhibiting the interaction between RBD and angiotensin converting enzyme 2 were evaluated. IgG anti-RBD were detected by solid phase assay on plates coated with recombinant RBD, while neutralising antibodies by using the kit SPIA (Spike Protein Inhibition Assay). Cut-off values were defined as the 97.5th percentile of a pre-vaccine healthy population. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and GraphPad Prism statistical packages. P values <0.05 were considered significant.ResultsForty-five patients (95.6% female; mean age ±SD 55.6±14.1 years; mean disease duration 12.9±10.6 years) were enrolled. Diagnosis was in most cases connective tissue disease (31/45, 68.9%), followed by inflammatory arthritis (11/45, 24.4%) and systemic vasculitis (3/45, 6.7%). Two patients (4.4%) had a previous SARS-CoV2 infection and three had hypogammaglobulinemia (6.7%). At the time of the second dose, 18/45 patients were treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) [mean daily 6-methylprednisolone (6MP) dose 3.9 mg (min. 2, max. 14)], 17/45 with conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) and 12/45 with biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs). At the third dose administration, 19/45 patients were treated with GCs [mean daily 6MP dose 4.1 mg (min. 1.5, max. 10)], 18/45 with csDMARDs and 13/45 with bDMARDs. Anti-RBD IgG were positive in 42/45 patients (93.3%) at W4a, in 16/18 (88.9%) at W12 and in 42/45 (93.3%) at W4b. Neutralizing antibodies were present in 38/45 patients (84.4%) at W4a, in 14/18 (77.8%) at W12 and in 42/45 (93.3%) at W4b. Both anti-RBD IgG titers and neutralizing antibody titers significantly increased after the third dose if compared to W4a (p<0.0001 both) (Figure 1). Interestingly, of the 7 patients who had not developed an adequate neutralizing antibody response after the first vaccination course, 5 mounted an adequate titer after the booster. Two non-responder patients were both on combination therapy (one with low dose of GCs plus mycophenolate mofetil, the other with methotrexate and infliximab).ConclusionOur data suggest that in patients with SADs there is a decline in the antibody titers developed after COVID-19 vaccination, however the booster dose is effective in restoring an adequate antibody titre. These data consolidate the importance of a booster dose of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with SADs to aid in the generation of an immune response.References[1]Jena A et al. Response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in immune mediated inflammatory diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2022AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to thank all the patients who participated in the study and the nurses Sabrina Gori, Rosanna Lo Coco, Lucia Pedrocco, Carla Puccini, Pasqualina Semeraro, Manuela Terachi, Maria Tristano, Valentina Venturini and Catiuscia Zoina who took care of the patients.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
Collapse
|
10
|
Ferro F, Elefante E, Italiano N, Moretti M, La Rocca G, Mozzo R, De Simone L, Baldini C, Mosca M. POS1242 BARICITINIB AND PULSE STEROIDS COMBINED TREATMENT IN SEVERE COVID-19 PNEUMONIA: PRELIMINARY DATA FROM A RHEUMATOLOGIC EXPERIENCE IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundGrowing evidence from in vitro and clinical studies have highlighted important similarities between severe COVID-19 and rapidly progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILD) occurring in systemic autoimmune disorders. These data supported the use of anti-rheumatic drugs, baricitinib and glucocorticoids, for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia.ObjectivesTo compare mortality rate and inflammatory response in critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with either a “rheumatologic approach” based on baricitinib plus pulse steroids (BPS) or with a “conventional approach” (Standard of Care, SoC).MethodsIn this retrospective study, we enrolled patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with CT-proven SARS-CoV2 pneumonia, from September 2020 to April 2021. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were collected at the admission to ICU and after one week of treatment. SoC included dexamethasone 6 to 8 mg daily plus remdesivir (+/- antibiotics and hydroxychloroquine); BPS approach was based on baricitinib 4 mg daily for 10-14 days plus 6-methylprednisolone pulses (250-500 mg) for three consecutive days followed by rapid tapering. The primary endpoint was the intra-ICU mortality rate; the secondary endpoint was the change in inflammatory biomarkers at week 1 after treatment.ResultsWe enrolled a total of 210 consecutive patients with SARS-CoV2 pneumonia (male 61.4%, mean age 66.6 ± 10.9 years); 137/210 (male 59.8%, mean age 66.3 ± 11.9 years) were treated with SoC and 73/210 (male 64.3%, mean age 67.3 ± 8.8 years) with BPS.At admission in ICU, all patients presented lag time from the first symptom of SARS-CoV2 infection ≤ 10 days, laboratory biomarkers’ alterations suggestive of hyper-inflammatory response (CRP 10.8 ± 11.9 mg/dL, ferritin 1238 ± 1005 µg/L, fibrinogen 575 ± 173 mg/dL, LDH 385 ± 152 U/L) and severe respiratory failure, requiring non-invasive or invasive ventilatory support. Lung-CT pattern showed multiple and diffuse areas of ground glass opacities, septal thickening, and/or consolidation.No statistically significant differences were found between SoC and BPS groups in terms of demographic, laboratory, and clinical features at enrolment.59/210 (28.1%) patients died during ICU hospitalization (mean ICU length of stay 14.6 ± 9.6 days). Mortality rate in the BPS group (13/73, 17.8%) resulted significantly lower compared to that in the SoC group (46/137, 33.6%) (p= 0.016). Furthermore, patients in the BPS group had significantly lower levels of CRP (BPS=1.9 ± 2.8 vs SoC 6.1 ± 7.3, p<0.001) and fibrinogen (BPS=335 ± 108 vs SoC 453 ± 172, p<0.001) at one week after the start of treatment.ConclusionOur real-life experience, in an ICU setting, showed that baricitinib and pulse steroids combination was associated with a lower mortality rate paralleled by a prompt reduction of inflammatory biomarkers. These results shed new light on the possible usefulness of baricitinib for the treatment of rapidly progressive ILD in patients with systemic autoimmunity and hyper-inflammation.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Cianni F, Cardelli C, Italiano N, Laurino E, Moretti M, Depascale R, Gamba A, Iaccarino L, Doria A, Sousa Bandeira MJ, Dinis SP, C Romão V, Alessandri E, Gotelli E, Paolino S, DI Giosaffatte N, Grammatico P, Ferraris A, Cavagna L, Montecucco C, Longo V, Beretta L, Cavazzana I, Fredi M, Tincani A, D’urzo R, Bombardieri S, Burmester GR, Cutolo M, Fonseca JE, Frank CH, Galetti I, Hachulla E, Houssiau F, Marinello D, Müller-Ladner U, Schneider M, Smith V, Talarico R, Van Laar JM, Vieira A, Tani C, Mosca M. POS1232 LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF COVID-19 VACCINATION IN PATIENTS WITH RARE AND COMPLEX CONNECTIVE TISSUE DISEASES: AN AD-INTERIM ANALYSIS OF ERN-ReCONNET VACCINATE STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSince the COVID-19 vaccination campaign was launched all over Europe, there has been general agreement on how benefits of SARS-CoV2 vaccines outweigh the risks in patients with rare connective tissue diseases (rCTDs). Yet, there is still limited evidence regarding safety and efficacy of such vaccines in these patients, especially in the long-term. For this reason, in the framework of ERN-ReCONNET, an observational long-term study (VACCINATE) was designed in order to explore the long-term outcome of COVID-19 vaccination in rCTDs patients. The consent form was developed thanks to the involvement of the ERN ReCONNET ePAG Advocates (European Patients Advocacy Group).ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety profile of COVID-19 vaccination in rCTDs patients and the potential impact on disease activity. Primary endpoints were the prevalence of adverse events (AEs) and of disease exacerbations post-vaccination. Secondary endpoints were the proportion of serious adverse events (SAEs) and adverse events of special interest for COVID-19 (adapted from https://brightoncollaboration.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/SO2_D2.1.2_V1.2_COVID-19_AESI-update-23Dec2020-review_final.pdf)MethodsThe first ad-interim analysis of the VACCINATE study involved 9 ERN-ReCONNET Network centres. Patients over 18 years of age with a known rCTD and who received vaccine against COVID-19 were eligible for recruitment. Demographic data and diagnoses were collected at the time of enrolment, while the appearance of AEs and potential disease exacerbations were monitored after one week from each vaccination dose, and then after 4, 12 and 24 weeks from the second dose. A disease exacerbation was defined as at least one of the following: new manifestations attributable to disease activity, hospitalization, increase in PGA from previous evaluation, addition of corticosteroids or immunosuppressants.ResultsA cohort of 300 patients (261 females, mean age 52, range 18-85) was recruited. Systemic lupus erythematosus (44%) and systemic sclerosis (16%) were the most frequent diagnoses, followed by Sjogren’s syndrome (SS,12%), idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IMM,10%), undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD,8%), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD,4%), Ehlers-Danlos’s syndrome (EDS,4%), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS,2%). AEs appearing 7 days after the first and second doses were reported in 93 (31%) and 96 (32%) patients respectively, mainly represented by fatigue, injection site reaction, headache, fever and myalgia. Otitis, urticaria, Herpes Simplex-related rash, stomatitis, migraine with aura, vertigo, tinnitus and sleepiness were reported with very low frequency. Less than 2% of patients experienced AEs within 24 weeks from the second dose. No SAEs or AEs of special interest were observed in the study period. There were 25 disease exacerbations (8%), 7 of which severe. The highest number of exacerbations was observed after 4 weeks from the second dose (12 within week 4, 6 within week 12 and 7 within week 24). Disease exacerbation was most frequent in patients with EDS (33%) and MCTD (25%).ConclusionThis preliminary analysis shows that COVID-19 vaccination is safe in rCTDs patients. AEs appear most often early after vaccination and are usually mild. Disease exacerbations are not frequent, but can be potentially severe and tend to occur most frequently within the first month after vaccination. Exacerbations can also occur 3-6 months after vaccination, although a causal relationship with the vaccination remains to be established. Our present data underline the importance of long-term observational studies.Table 1.AEs and disease exacerbations per diseaseDiagnosisPatients enrolled (%) (n=300)EAs after 1st and 2nd dose (%)Exacerbations (%)APS25714EDS45033IIM10527MCTD44225SS12598SLE44698SSC16492UCTD850-AcknowledgementsVACCINATE is a study promoted by the European Reference Network on rare and complex connective tissue diseases, ERN ReCONNET. This publication was funded by the European Union’s Health Programme (2014-2020)Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
Collapse
|
12
|
Van Laethem J, Wuyts S, Van Laere S, Koulalis J, Colman M, Moretti M, Seyler L, De Waele E, Pierard D, Lacor P, Allard SD. Antibiotic prescriptions in the context of suspected bacterial respiratory tract superinfections in the COVID-19 era: a retrospective quantitative analysis of antibiotic consumption and identification of antibiotic prescription drivers. Intern Emerg Med 2022; 17:141-151. [PMID: 34185257 PMCID: PMC8239323 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to quantify antibiotic consumption for suspected respiratory tract superinfections in COVID-19 patients, while investigating the associated drivers of antibiotic prescribing in light of the current signs of antibiotic overuse. Adult patients with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis admitted to a Belgian 721-bed university hospital were analyzed retrospectively (March 11th-May 4th, 2020), excluding short-term admissions (< 24 h). Antibiotic prescriptions were analyzed and quantified, using Defined Daily Doses (DDD) per admission and per 100 bed days. Possible drivers of antibiotic prescribing were identified by means of mixed effects logistic modelling analysis with backwards selection. Of all included admissions (n = 429), 39% (n = 171) were prescribed antibiotics for (presumed) respiratory tract superinfection (3.6 DDD/admission; 31.5 DDD/100 bed days). Consumption of beta-lactamase inhibitor-penicillin combinations was the highest (2.55 DDD/admission; 23.3 DDD/100 bed days). Four drivers were identified: fever on admission (OR 2.97; 95% CI 1.42-6.22), lower SpO2/FiO2 ratio on admission (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.92-0.99), underlying pulmonary disease (OR 3.04; 95% CI 1.12-8.27) and longer hospital stay (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.03-1.16). We present detailed quantitative antibiotic data for presumed respiratory tract superinfections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. In addition to knowledge on antibiotic consumption, we hope antimicrobial stewardship programs will be able to use the drivers identified in this study to optimize their interventions in COVID-19 wards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Van Laethem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - S Wuyts
- Hospital Pharmacy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Van Laere
- Interfaculty Centre Data Processing and Statistics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Koulalis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Colman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Seyler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E De Waele
- Intensive Care Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Pierard
- Microbiology Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Lacor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S D Allard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rancati T, Possenti L, Mecchi L, Cicchetti A, Arrigoni C, Petta D, Bersini S, El Bezawy R, Doldi V, Giandini T, Stucchi C, Costantino M, Moretti M. PO-1918 Studying radioinduced damage to microvasculature through 3D in-vitro models. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)08369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
14
|
Pomponio G, Ferrarini A, Bonifazi M, Moretti M, Salvi A, Giacometti A, Tavio M, Titolo G, Morbidoni L, Frausini G, Onesta M, Amico D, Rocchi MLB, Menzo S, Zuccatosta L, Mei F, Menditto V, Svegliati S, Donati A, D'Errico MM, Pavani M, Gabrielli A. Tocilizumab in COVID-19 interstitial pneumonia. J Intern Med 2021; 289:738-746. [PMID: 33511686 PMCID: PMC8013903 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published reports on tocilizumab in COVID-19 pneumonitis show conflicting results due to weak designs or heterogeneity in critical methodological issues. METHODS This open-label trial, structured according to Simon's optimal design, aims to identify factors predicting which patients could benefit from anti-IL6 strategies and to enhance the design of unequivocal and reliable future randomized trials. A total of 46 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia needing of oxygen therapy to maintain SO2 > 93% and with recent worsening of lung function received a single infusion of tocilizumab. Clinical and biological markers were measured to test their predictive values. Primary end point was early and sustained clinical response. RESULTS Twenty-one patients fulfilled pre-defined response criteria. Lower levels of IL-6 at 24 h after tocilizumab infusion (P = 0.049) and higher baseline values of PaO2/FiO2 (P = 0.008) predicted a favourable response. CONCLUSIONS Objective clinical response rate overcame the pre-defined threshold of 30%. Efficacy of tocilizumab to improve respiratory function in patients selected according to our inclusion criteria warrants investigations in randomized trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Pomponio
- From the, Clinica Medica, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Ferrarini
- From the, Clinica Medica, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Bonifazi
- Pneumologia, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- SOD Medicina di Laboratorio Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Salvi
- Medicina Interna e Sub Intensiva, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Giacometti
- Clinica di Malattie Infettive, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Tavio
- Malattie Infettive, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - G Titolo
- Medicina di Urgenza, Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Pesaro/Fano, Italy
| | - L Morbidoni
- Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Senigallia, Senigallia, Italy
| | - G Frausini
- Medicina Interna, Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Pesaro/Fano, Italy
| | - M Onesta
- Medicina Interna, Ospedale di Fabriano, Fabriano, Italy
| | - D Amico
- Pneumologia, Ospedali Riuniti Marche Nord, Pesaro/Fano, Italy
| | - M L B Rocchi
- Statistica Medica, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università di Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - S Menzo
- Virologia, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - L Zuccatosta
- Pneumologia, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Mei
- Pneumologia, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - V Menditto
- Medicina Interna e Sub Intensiva, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Svegliati
- Clinica Medica, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Donati
- Clinica di Rianimazione, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - M M D'Errico
- Dip. Scienze biomediche e sanità pubblica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Pavani
- Laboratorio di Patologia Sperimentale, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Gabrielli
- From the, Clinica Medica, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.,Clinica Medica, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bavo F, Pallavicini M, Gotti C, Appiani R, Moretti M, Colombo SF, Pucci S, Viani P, Budriesi R, Renzi M, Fucile S, Bolchi C. Modifications at C(5) of 2-(2-Pyrrolidinyl)-Substituted 1,4-Benzodioxane Elicit Potent α4β2 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Partial Agonism with High Selectivity over the α3β4 Subtype. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15668-15692. [PMID: 33325696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of diastereomeric 2-(2-pyrrolidinyl)-1,4-benzodioxanes bearing a small, hydrogen-bonding substituent at the 7-, 6-, or 5-position of benzodioxane have been studied for α4β2 and α3β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor affinity and activity. Analogous to C(5)H replacement with N and to a much greater extent than decoration at C(7), substitution at benzodioxane C(5) confers very high α4β2/α3β4 selectivity to the α4β2 partial agonism. Docking into the two receptor structures recently determined by cryo-electron microscopy and site-directed mutagenesis at the minus β2 side converge in indicating that the limited accommodation capacity of the β2 pocket, compared to that of the β4 pocket, makes substitution at C(5) rather than at more projecting C(7) position determinant for this pursued subtype selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bavo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Rebecca Appiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | | | - Susanna Pucci
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy.,Hunimed University, Via Rita Levi-Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, I-20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Renzi
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Fucile
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.,I.R.C.C.S. Neuromed, Via Atinese 18, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Villarini M, Guerrera E, Vannini S, Dominici L, Gianfredi V, Fatigoni C, Acito M, Moretti M. Cytogenetic biomonitoring of road tunnel construction workers: buccal micronucleus cytome assay. Ann Ig 2020; 33:307-321. [PMID: 33270078 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2020.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Results Road tunnel construction workers revealed higher frequencies of cells with genotoxic damage (i.e., MN and NBUD). MN and NBUD resulted to be Poisson distributed and counts of these genotoxicity biomarkers were then analysed by Poisson regression. The frequency ratio (FR) for MN was 1.31 (95% CI: 0.84-2.04), with an increase in the exposed subjects; this finding, though indicating a higher genotoxic risk in the exposed subjects, did not reach statistical significance. On the other hand, the FR for NBUD was 3.49 (95% CI: 1.86-6.56), with a statistically significant increased risk of chromosomal damage. Even the frequencies of binucleated cells (a marker of cell proliferation) and pyknotic cells (a cell death biomarker) were significantly higher in tunnel workers. Introduction Tunnel construction workers are exposed to complex mixtures of toxic agents, some of which are known to be genotoxic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic risk in this occupational setting by comparing tunnel workers with a control group for frequencies of nuclear aberrations in oral exfoliated cells. Methods To evaluate the genotoxic effects of tunnel air pollutants, we conducted a cross-sectional, molecular epidemiological study (35 tunnel workers and 35 healthy controls) using the buccal micronucleus cytome assay. A questionnaire was administered to obtain information about demographic variables, lifestyle, dietary habits, anthropometric data, and occupational history. Buccal mucosa cells were collected by scraping the buccal mucosa with a small-headed toothbrush. Coded slides were examined blind by trained scorers for micronuclei (MN), nuclear buds (NBUD), and other nuclear abnormalities. Conclusions Our observations provide further knowledge and understanding of the occupational hazards of tunnel workers and confirm the complexity of effects (cytotoxic and genotoxic) probably induced by fumes and dust produced in underground operations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy
| | - E Guerrera
- Technical Advisory Department for Risk Assessment and Prevention (CONTARP), Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Perugia, Italy
| | - S Vannini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy
| | - L Dominici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy
| | - V Gianfredi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - C Fatigoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy
| | - M Acito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Unit of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pucci S, Fasoli F, Moretti M, Benfante R, Di Lascio S, Viani P, Daga A, Gordon TJ, McIntosh M, Zoli M, Clementi F, Gotti C. Choline and nicotine increase glioblastoma cell proliferation by binding and activating α7- and α9- containing nicotinic receptors. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105336. [PMID: 33276105 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs), the most frequent and aggressive human primary brain tumours, have altered cell metabolism, and one of the strongest indicators of malignancy is an increase in choline compounds. Choline is also a selective agonist of some neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes. As little is known concerning the expression of nAChR in glioblastoma cells, we analysed in U87MG human grade-IV astrocytoma cell line and GBM5 temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells selected from a cancer stem cell-enriched culture, molecularly, pharmacologically and functionally which nAChR subtypes are expressed and,whether choline and nicotine can affect GBM cell proliferation. We found that U87MG and GBM5 cells express similar nAChR subtypes, and choline and nicotine increase their proliferation rate and activate the anti-apoptotic AKT and pro-proliferative ERK pathways. These effects are blocked by the presence of non-cell-permeable peptide antagonists selective for α7- and α9-containing nicotinic receptors. siRNA-mediated silencing of α7 or α9 subunit expression also selectively prevents the effects of nicotine and choline on GBM cell proliferation. Our findings indicate that nicotine and choline activate the signalling pathways involved in the proliferation of GBM cells, and that these effects are mediated by α7 and α9-containing nAChRs. This suggests that these nicotinic receptors may contribute to the aggressive behaviour of this tumor and may indicate new therapeutic strategies against high-grade human brain tumours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pucci
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy; Hunimed University, Via Rita Levi-Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI), Italy
| | - Francesca Fasoli
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Benfante
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Di Lascio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Daga
- Cellular Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Thomas J Gordon
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gianfredi V, Rabica F, Dallagiacoma G, Fatigoni C, Moretti M, Nucci D. Television marketing of food and beverage targeted to children, Italy. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 40 million children aged < 5 and 131 million of children aged 5-9 are overweight or obese. Growing evidence is focusing on the association between number of hours spent watching television (TV) and children's food behaviour. Our aim was to assess the amount of TV food marketing targeted to Italian children, and to qualitatively analyse the ads.
Methods
The 5 most viewed TV channels were selected and recorded for 20 days (non-consecutive, both week and week-end days) and analysed through the WHO's tool to asses food -beverage multimedia marketing targeted to children. The analysed exposure variables were: type of product, viewing time, channel's target and broadcasting company (for all types of ads), duration of each food ad, type of programme, and target of the advertised product (only for food and beverage). Power of persuasion variables were assessed only for food marketing. Lastly, for each food product showed, the food category and if it was a core vs non-core product was assessed. Differences between groups were assessed using the chi-square test and t-test.
Results
During 320 hours of broadcasting TV, a total of 9,069 ads were identified, (51.7 hours). Food products were the second most frequently advertised (19.4%). On average, 5.4 food ads were displayed during non-peak viewing time/hour (6 during peak). The time slot of 3 pm had the highest rate of food ads (23.8%). Channels targeted to the general public had a higher rate of food ads compared to channels targeted to children (p = 0.000). Private channels transmitted a higher number of food ads compared to public channels (p = 0.000). Humour was the most frequently persuasive technique used in food ads and in ads targeted to whole population (14.3%).
Conclusions
Children usually watch TV programs that have a high rate of food ads, mainly promoting unhealthy products with captivating techniques. Legislators should advocate for a healthier food marketing.
Key messages
Children are exposed to a high amount of TV food commercials daily. Food marketing should be strictly regulated in accordance with the WHO Nutrient Profile model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Gianfredi
- Post-graduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - F Rabica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Dallagiacoma
- Post-Graduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Fatigoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - D Nucci
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ponzoni L, Braida D, Carboni L, Moretti M, Viani P, Clementi F, Zoli M, Gotti C, Sala M. Persistent cognitive and affective alterations at late withdrawal stages after long-term intermittent exposure to tobacco smoke or electronic cigarette vapour: Behavioural changes and their neurochemical correlates. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104941. [PMID: 32450347 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Smoking cessation induces a withdrawal syndrome associated with anxiety, depression, and impaired neurocognitive functions, but much less is known about the withdrawal of e-cigarettes (e-CIG). We investigated in Balb/c mice the behavioural and neurochemical effects of withdrawal for up to 90 days after seven weeks' intermittent exposure to e-CIG vapour or cigarette smoke (CIG). The withdrawal of e-CIG and CIG induced early behavioural alterations such as spatial memory deficits (spatial object recognition task), increased anxiety (elevated plus maze test) and compulsive-like behaviour (marble burying test) that persisted for 60-90 days. Notably, attention-related (virtual object recognition task) and depression-like behaviours (tail suspension and sucrose preference tests) appeared only 15-30 days after withdrawal and persisted for as long as up to 90 days. At hippocampal level, the withdrawal-induced changes in the levels of AMPA receptor GluA1 and GluA2/3 subunits, PSD 95 protein, corticotropin-releasing factor (Crf) and Crf receptor 1 (CrfR1) mRNA were biphasic: AMPA receptor subunit and PSD95 protein levels initially remained unchanged and decreased after 60-90 days, whereas Crf/CrfR1 mRNA levels initially increased and then markedly decreased after 60 days. These late reductions correlated with the behavioural impairments, particularly the appearance of depression-like behaviours. Our findings show that major behavioural and neurochemical alterations persist or even first appear late after the withdrawal of chronic CIG smoke or e-CIG vapour exposure, and underline importance of conducting similar studies of humans, including e-CIG vapers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ponzoni
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Fondazione Zardi-Gori, Milan, Italy; Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Braida
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Carboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Mariaelvina Sala
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gianfredi V, Nucci D, Balzarini M, Acito M, Moretti M, Villarini A, Villarini M. E-Coaching: the DianaWeb study to prevent breast cancer recurrences. Clin Ter 2020; 170:e59-e65. [PMID: 31850486 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2020.2190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, for which the survival rate is increasing over time. Growing evidence are showing that the effect of lifestyle could have the same weight of the effect of the usual clinical-pathological risk factors on survival rate. The DianaWeb study responds to the pressing request of patients diagnosed with breast cancer to know the most advanced point of scientific research on the prevention of recurrences, to have a virtual space to meet, where to receive advice and practical information for the daily management the lifestyle change. DianaWeb is a community-based participatory research, dedicated to breast cancer patients, aimed to monitor lifestyle, provide them tips to encourage sustainable lifestyle changes, and to analyze clinical outcomes. In order to achieve these aims, DianaWeb uses a specific interactive website (http://www.dianaweb.org/). METHODS The web architecture has been designed essential and light, with a rigorous implantation that brings the figure of the woman to the center. In order to humanized the project the acronym used to identify the study was Diana (Diet and Androgens), a classical female name, who was illustrated as a female avatar, aimed to symbolize all women. The graphical interface was developed using seven pastel tones colors, which become a fundamental elements of the layout, such as frame, navigation menu, and separation interspaces. RESULTS The project started in 2015, and in 4 days the web site was visited by more than 1000 people. A total of 2823 persons enrolled in the study, but 2182 did not send the full documentations, 61 persons abandoned the study, 641 timely answered to the questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS The high number of participants' interaction within the web page, confirmed the high usability of the web page and the great interest of patients. Prevention of breast cancer recurrences with low cost technologies, easily available to everybody, is a priority for both public health and public finances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Gianfredi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia - Post-Graduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - D Nucci
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua
| | | | - M Acito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia
| | - A Villarini
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cerrito LF, Schiavone A, Moretti M, Ferri L, Bergamini C, Dal Porto M, Benfari G, Dolci G, Setti E, Comunello A, Rossi A, Fiorio E, Ribichini FL. P311 Morpho-functional myocardial alteration during trastuzumab therapy: anything beyond cardiotoxicity? Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Trastuzumab (TZ) has a primary role in the therapy of HER-2 positive breast cancer but has potential negative effect on left ventricular (LV) function that define cardiotoxicity (CT). Decrease in LV longitudinal strain (GLS) and in left atrial (LA) function observed by peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS), besides LA remodeling, has already been described as predictors of TZ-related CT. However these parameters haven’t been observed together and regardless of CT.
Purpose
to describe overall atrial and ventricular morpho-functional variations during TZ therapy.
Methods
HER-2 positive metastasis-free breast cancer patientsreferring to our Echo-lab were prospectively recruited. Trans-thoracic echocardiography was performed before starting TZ and every 3 up to 12 months. LV volumes and ejection fraction (LVEF), indexed LA volume (LAVI), LA deformation parameters, and multiple diastolic parameters were collected. 2D-Speckle tracking analysis was performed at baseline and at each examination using Philips’ QLAB software.
Results
Eligible patients were 64. 53 of these (82,8%) had a complete follow-up at 12 months and were included in the analysis. 42 patients (79,3%) were treated with both TZ and anthracyclines. During follow-up CT occurred in 7 patients (10,9%). Mean baseline parameters were: age 54 ± 13 years,LVEF 63,3 ±3,2%, GLS -21,2 ± 2,1%, LAVI 24,4 ±6,9 ml/mq, peak atrial contraction strain (PACS) 22,9 ±6,5%, PALS 51,1 ± 11,5%. Deformation analysis was feasible in 95% of patients. None of the echocardiographic parameters regarding diastolic function and LV volumes showed significant variations.
Analyzing overall populations data during the 1 year of follow-up, we reported a decrease trend of GLS (p for time <0.0001) with an early drop during the first 6 months of TZ therapy with a subsequent "plateau" phase, and a reductionof LVEFover time (p for time <0.0001) with a continuous gradual decreasefor the whole follow-up (but still within the normal value span). On top LA functional parameters showed a decreasing trend: PALS (p for time <0.0001) and PACS (p for time <0.0001) showed both decrease trend since the first months of therapy, lasting for the entire follow-up. Also we reported a notable LAVI dilation during the first 6 months of TZ therapy (p for time <0.0001) followed by a plateau phase, and combining LAVI and PALS (LAVI/PALS) we noted an increase trend (p for time <0.0001). These data are showed in Figure I.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that deformation analysis is useful to study LV and LA functional remodeling during TZ therapy. Actual recommendations for the identification of CT are based upon a joint evaluation of LVEF and GLS, but our study show significant variations of other morpho-functional parameters regardless of CT. These changes could be used as indicators of subclinical damage involving the entire heart and the analysis of different deformation indexes could improve the early detection of CT.
Abstract P311 Figure. Morpho-functional variations
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L F Cerrito
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - A Schiavone
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - L Ferri
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - C Bergamini
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - M Dal Porto
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - G Benfari
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - G Dolci
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - E Setti
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - A Comunello
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- University of Verona, Cardiology, Verona, Italy
| | - E Fiorio
- University of Verona, Oncology, Verona, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ceretti E, Donato F, Feretti D, Carducci A, Moretti M, Donno AD, Carraro E, Biggeri A, Gelatti U. Monitoring air pollution effects on children for supporting public health policies (MAPEC_LIFE study). Eur J Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz187.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Children are at high risk of suffering health consequences of air pollution and childhood exposure can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood. The MAPEC_LIFE project, funded by EU Life+ Programme (LIFE12 ENV/IT/000614), aimed to evaluate the association between air pollution exposure and biomarkers of early effect in children and to propose guidance for implementing environmental policies.
Methods
The study was carried out on 6-8-year-old children. Micronucleus (MN) frequency was investigated in buccal cells of children and its association with air pollution exposure was assessed applying multiple Poisson regression mixed models, including socio-demographic and lifestyle factors as confounders. We also dichotomize air pollutants concentration according to the EU Ambient Air Quality Directives and WHO Air Quality Guidelines in all Poisson regression models to assess their risk predictive capacity.
Results
The project involved 1149 children providing buccal cells in winter and spring. 2139 biological samples were included in the analysis (1093 collected in winter, 1046 in spring). The analysis of the association between MN frequency and air quality parameters found positive associations for PM10, PM2.5, benzene, SO2 and ozone. Considering EU Directives, an association was found between MN frequency and PM10 exposure higher than the annual limit value, with an increase of the risk of 17.9% (95%CIs: 0.6-38.1%). Considering WHO Guidelines, the exposures to levels of PM10, benzene and BaP higher than the annual limits were associated with MN frequency, with a risk increase of 22.5%, 27.8% and 59.8% (95%CIs: 3.9-44.3%, 3.8-57.3%, 21.0-111.1%), respectively.
Conclusions
The analyses conducted showed an association between MN frequency in buccal cells of children and levels of some air pollutants, even at concentration below EU and WHO thresholds, which hence seemed to be insufficient for protecting children from this type of damage.
Key messages
Air pollution exposure induced chromosomal damage in buccal cells of children, even at concentration below the law limits. Early biological damage detected might be predictive of the occurrence of future harmful effects in humans, at a population level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ceretti
- Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - F Donato
- Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - D Feretti
- Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - A Carducci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A De Donno
- Dep of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - E Carraro
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - A Biggeri
- Department of Statistic, Computing and Application, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - U Gelatti
- Unit of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Murineddu G, Gotti C, Asproni B, Corona P, Martinello K, Plutino S, Fucile S, Temml V, Moretti M, Viani P, Schuster D, Piras S, Deligia F, Pinna GA. Novel N-aryl nicotinamide derivatives: Taking stock on 3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes as ligands for neuronal acetylcholine receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 180:51-61. [PMID: 31299587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We designed the synthesis of a small library of 3-substituted-3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes whose affinity on neuronal nicotinic receptors (nAChRs) was evaluated. Among the synthesized compounds, the 5-(3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-3-yl)-N-(2-fluorophenyl)nicotinamide 43 proved to be the most interesting compound with α4β2Ki value of 10 pM and a very high α7/α4β2 selectivity. Furthermore, compounds 35, 39 and 43 elicited a selective partial agonist activity for α4β2 nAChR subtype. Finally, in this paper we also report the conclusions on the 3,6-diazabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes as ligands for nAChRs, resulting from our consolidated structure activity relationship (SAR) studies on this template.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Murineddu
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129, Milano, Italy
| | - Battistina Asproni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Corona
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | | | - Simona Plutino
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia "V. Erspamer", Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Sergio Fucile
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinese 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia "V. Erspamer", Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Veronika Temml
- Insitute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center of Molecular Biosciences (CMBI) University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Milena Moretti
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sandra Piras
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Francesco Deligia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gerard A Pinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Stakenborg N, Labeeuw E, Gomez-Pinilla PJ, De Schepper S, Aerts R, Goverse G, Farro G, Appeltans I, Meroni E, Stakenborg M, Viola MF, Gonzalez-Dominguez E, Bosmans G, Alpizar YA, Wolthuis A, D’Hoore A, Van Beek K, Verheijden S, Verhaegen M, Derua R, Waelkens E, Moretti M, Gotti C, Augustijns P, Talavera K, Vanden Berghe P, Matteoli G, Boeckxstaens GE. Preoperative administration of the 5-HT4 receptor agonist prucalopride reduces intestinal inflammation and shortens postoperative ileus via cholinergic enteric neurons. Gut 2019; 68:1406-1416. [PMID: 30472681 PMCID: PMC6691854 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), most likely via enteric neurons, prevents postoperative ileus (POI) by reducing activation of alpha7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR) positive muscularis macrophages (mMφ) and dampening surgery-induced intestinal inflammation. Here, we evaluated if 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) agonist prucalopride can mimic this effect in mice and human. DESIGN Using Ca2+ imaging, the effect of electrical field stimulation (EFS) and prucalopride was evaluated in situ on mMφ activation evoked by ATP in jejunal muscularis tissue. Next, preoperative and postoperative administration of prucalopride (1-5 mg/kg) was compared with that of preoperative VNS in a model of POI in wild-type and α7nAChR knockout mice. Finally, in a pilot study, patients undergoing a Whipple procedure were preoperatively treated with prucalopride (n=10), abdominal VNS (n=10) or sham/placebo (n=10) to evaluate the effect on intestinal inflammation and clinical recovery of POI. RESULTS EFS reduced the ATP-induced Ca2+ response of mMφ, an effect that was dampened by neurotoxins tetrodotoxin and ω-conotoxin and mimicked by prucalopride. In vivo, prucalopride administered before, but not after abdominal surgery reduced intestinal inflammation and prevented POI in wild-type, but not in α7nAChR knockout mice. In humans, preoperative administration of prucalopride, but not of VNS, decreased Il6 and Il8 expression in the muscularis externa and improved clinical recovery. CONCLUSION Enteric neurons dampen mMφ activation, an effect mimicked by prucalopride. Preoperative, but not postoperative treatment with prucalopride prevents intestinal inflammation and shortens POI in both mice and human, indicating that preoperative administration of 5-HT4R agonists should be further evaluated as a treatment of POI. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02425774.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Stakenborg
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Labeeuw
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pedro J Gomez-Pinilla
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan De Schepper
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Raymond Aerts
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gera Goverse
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Laboratory for Mucosal Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giovanna Farro
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Iris Appeltans
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elisa Meroni
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Stakenborg
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Laboratory for Mucosal Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Francesca Viola
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Gonzalez-Dominguez
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Goele Bosmans
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yeranddy A Alpizar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Albert Wolthuis
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andre D’Hoore
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Van Beek
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Verheijden
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marleen Verhaegen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rita Derua
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Universitiy of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Etienne Waelkens
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Universitiy of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrick Augustijns
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory for Drug Delivery and Disposition, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karel Talavera
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, KU Leuven; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Matteoli
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Laboratory for Mucosal Immunology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy E Boeckxstaens
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Freni F, Vignali C, Groppi A, Moretti M, Morini L. LC-MS/MS analysis of 16 synthetic cathinones in hair: Application to postmortem cases. Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
26
|
Moretti M, Van Passel S, Camposeo S, Pedrero F, Dogot T, Lebailly P, Vivaldi GA. Modelling environmental impacts of treated municipal wastewater reuse for tree crops irrigation in the Mediterranean coastal region. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:1513-1521. [PMID: 30743943 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater reuse provides valuable solutions to solve the societal challenges of decreasing availability and limiting access to secure water resources. The present study quantifies the environmental performance of nectarine orchards irrigation using treated municipal wastewater (TMW) and surface water using a unique dataset based on field experimental data. Climate change, toxicity (for human and freshwater), eutrophication (marine and freshwater) and acidification impacts were analysed using the impact assessment method suggested by the International Reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD). The water footprint associated to the life cycles of each system has been estimated using the Available WAter REmaining (AWARE) method. Monte Carlo simulation was used to assess data uncertainty. The irrigation of nectarine orchards using TMW performs better than the irrigation using surface water for eutrophication impact categories. Compared with surface water resources, the potential impacts of TMW reuse in agriculture on climate change and toxicity are affected by the wastewater treatment phase (WWT). Only eutrophication and acidification burdens are generated by in-field substitution of surface water with TMW. Considering human and ecosystem water demand, the irrigation with TMW increases water consumption of 19.12 m3 per kg of nectarine produced. Whereas, it shows a positive contribution to water stress (-0.19 m3) if only human water demand is considered. This study provides important results that allow for a better understanding of the potential environmental consequences of TMW reuse in agriculture. It suggests that embracing the type of WWTs, the replacement of fertilizers, the effects on water scarcity and ecosystem quality might be useful to redefine water reuse regulations and increase public acceptance for the reuse of TMW in agriculture. Moreover, this study reveals the need for developing consensus and standardized guidance for life cycle analysis of water reuse applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Moretti
- University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Economy and Rural Development Unit, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; UHasselt, Faculty of Business Economics, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - S Van Passel
- UHasselt, Faculty of Business Economics, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Agoralaan, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Antwerp University, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Engineering Management, Prinsstraat 13, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - S Camposeo
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Campus, Bari, Italy Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - F Pedrero
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Campus, Bari, Italy Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - T Dogot
- University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Economy and Rural Development Unit, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - P Lebailly
- University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Economy and Rural Development Unit, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - G A Vivaldi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro Campus, Bari, Italy Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ponzoni L, Moretti M, Braida D, Zoli M, Clementi F, Viani P, Sala M, Gotti C. Increased sensitivity to Δ 9-THC-induced rewarding effects after seven-week exposure to electronic and tobacco cigarettes in mice. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:566-576. [PMID: 30773388 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette (CIG) smoking often precedes the use of illegal drugs. Electronic-cigarettes (e-CIGs) have been promoted as a means of stopping smoking and reducing the harmful effects of CIGs on the population. However, although e-CIGs eliminate some of the morbidity associated with combustible tobacco, they are still nicotine-delivery devices. In order to study whether the nicotine delivered via e-CIG acts as "a gateway drug" to the use of cannabis, we analysed the behavioural and molecular effects of 7 weeks' pre-exposure to air (AIR), e-CIGs or CIGs on addiction-related conditioned place preference (CPP) in mice using a sub-threshold (0.01 mg/kg) dose of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the principal psychoactive constituent of cannabis. After 8 and 66 days of withdrawal, this Δ9-THC dose was ineffective in inducing CPP in mice pre-exposed to pump-driven AIR, but very effective in mice pre-exposed to e-CIGs or CIGs. Exposure to e-CIGs or CIGs increases the expression of ΔFosB in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), which remains high during short-term e-CIG or CIG withdrawal and long-term CIG withdrawal and is not influenced by treatment with Δ9-THC. At the end of e-CIG or CIG exposure and during withdrawal, the mice also had a higher AMPA receptors GluA1/GluA2-3 ratio in the NAc. Chronic nicotine exposure increases sensitivity to rewarding effects of Δ9-THC in mice and produces long-lasting neurobiological changes regardless of the delivery method (CIG vs. e-CIG). The exposure to passive tobacco smoke or e-CIG vapours can similarly increase vulnerability to the effects of cannabis and possibly other drugs of abuse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Braida
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariaelvina Sala
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Villa C, Colombo G, Meneghini S, Gotti C, Moretti M, Ferini-Strambi L, Chisci E, Giovannoni R, Becchetti A, Combi R. CHRNA2 and Nocturnal Frontal Lobe Epilepsy: Identification and Characterization of a Novel Loss of Function Mutation. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:17. [PMID: 30809122 PMCID: PMC6379349 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes coding for subunits of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) have been involved in familial sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (also named autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, ADNFLE). Most of these mutations reside in CHRNA4 and CHRNB2 genes, coding for the α4 and β2 nAChR subunits, respectively. Two mutations with contrasting functional effects were also identified in the CHRNA2 gene coding for the α2 subunit. Here, we report the third mutation in the CHRNA2, found in a patient showing ADNFLE. The patient was examined by scalp EEG, contrast-enhanced brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nocturnal video-polysomnographic recording. All exons and the exon-intron boundaries of CHRNA2, CHRNA4, CHRNB2, CRH, KCNT1 were amplified and Sanger sequenced. In the proband, we found a c.754T>C (p.Tyr252His) missense mutation located in the N-terminal ligand-binding domain and inherited from the mother. Functional studies were performed by transient co-expression of α2 and α2Tyr252His, with either β2 or β4, in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. Equimolar amounts of subunits expression were obtained by using F2A-based multi-cistronic constructs encoding for the genes relative to the nAChR subunits of interest and for the enhanced green fluorescent protein. The mutation reduced the maximal currents by approximately 80% in response to saturating concentrations of nicotine in homo- and heterozygous form, in both the α2β4 and α2β2 nAChR subtypes. The effect was accompanied by a strong right-shift of the concentration-response to nicotine. Similar effects were observed using ACh. Negligible effects were produced by α2Tyr252His on the current reversal potential. Moreover, binding of (±)-[3H]Epibatidine revealed an approximately 10-fold decrease of both Kd and Bmax (bound ligand in saturating conditions), in cells expressing α2Tyr252His. The reduced Bmax and whole-cell currents were not caused by a decrease in mutant receptor expression, as minor effects were produced by α2Tyr252His on the level of transcripts and the membrane expression of α2β4 nAChR. Overall, these results suggest that α2Tyr252His strongly reduced the number of channels bound to the agonist, without significantly altering the overall channel expression. We conclude that mutations in CHRNA2 are more commonly linked to ADNFLE than previously thought, and may cause a loss-of-function phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia Colombo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Meneghini
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Milena Moretti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Ferini-Strambi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Sleep Disorders Center, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Chisci
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Giovannoni
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Becchetti
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Romina Combi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bavo F, Pucci S, Fasoli F, Lammi C, Moretti M, Mucchietto V, Lattuada D, Viani P, De Palma C, Budriesi R, Corradini I, Dowell C, McIntosh JM, Clementi F, Bolchi C, Gotti C, Pallavicini M. Potent Antiglioblastoma Agents by Hybridizing the Onium-Alkyloxy-Stilbene Based Structures of an α7-nAChR, α9-nAChR Antagonist and of a Pro-Oxidant Mitocan. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10531-10544. [PMID: 30403486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cell lines express α7- and α9α10-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), whose activation promotes tumor cell growth. On these cells, the triethylammoniumethyl ether of 4-stilbenol MG624, a known selective antagonist of α7 and α9α10 nAChRs, has antiproliferative activity. The structural analogy of MG624 with the mitocan RDM-4'BTPI, triphenylphosphoniumbutyl ether of pterostilbene, suggested us that molecular hybridization among their three substructures (stilbenoxy residue, alkylene linker, and terminal onium) and elongation of the alkylene linker might result in novel antitumor agents with higher potency and selectivity. We found that lengthening the ethylene bridge in the triethylammonium derivatives results in more potent and selective toxicity toward adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cells, which was paralleled by increased α7 and α9α10 nAChR antagonism and improved ability of reducing mitochondrial ATP production. Elongation of the alkylene linker was advantageous also for the triphenylphosphonium derivatives resulting in a generalized enhancement of antitumor activity, associated with increased mitotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bavo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Susanna Pucci
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Hunimed University , Via Rita Levi-Montalcini 4 , 20090 Pieve Emanuele (MI) , Italy
| | - Francesca Fasoli
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Carmen Lammi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Vanessa Mucchietto
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Donatella Lattuada
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Clara De Palma
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology , University Hospital "Luigi Sacco"-ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco , Via G. B. Grassi 74 , I-20157 Milano , Italy
| | - Roberta Budriesi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie , Università degli Studi di Bologna , Via Belmeloro 6 , I-40126 Bologna , Italy
| | - Irene Corradini
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Cheryl Dowell
- Department of Biology , University of Utah , 257S.1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - J Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology , University of Utah , 257S.1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center , 500 Foothill Drive , Salt Lake City , Utah 84148 , United States.,Department of Psychiatry , University of Utah , 501 Chipeta Way , Salt Lake City , Utah 84108 , United States
| | - Francesco Clementi
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Institute of Neuroscience , CNR , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Vanvitelli 32 , I-20129 Milano , Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche , Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Mangiagalli 25 , I-20133 Milano , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fossati G, Pozzi D, Canzi A, Mirabella F, Valentino S, Morini R, Ghirardini E, Filipello F, Moretti M, Gotti C, Annis DS, Mosher DF, Garlanda C, Bottazzi B, Taraboletti G, Mantovani A, Matteoli M, Menna E. Pentraxin 3 regulates synaptic function by inducing AMPA receptor clustering via ECM remodeling and β1-integrin. EMBO J 2018; 38:embj.201899529. [PMID: 30396995 PMCID: PMC6315291 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of synapse number and function in the developing central nervous system is critical to the formation of neural circuits. Astrocytes play a key role in this process by releasing factors that promote the formation of excitatory synapses. Astrocyte‐secreted thrombospondins (TSPs) induce the formation of structural synapses, which however remain post‐synaptically silent, suggesting that completion of early synaptogenesis may require a two‐step mechanism. Here, we show that the humoral innate immune molecule Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is expressed in the developing rodent brain. PTX3 plays a key role in promoting functionally‐active CNS synapses, by increasing the surface levels and synaptic clustering of AMPA glutamate receptors. This process involves tumor necrosis factor‐induced protein 6 (TSG6), remodeling of the perineuronal network, and a β1‐integrin/ERK pathway. Furthermore, PTX3 activity is regulated by TSP1, which directly interacts with the N‐terminal region of PTX3. These data unveil a fundamental role of PTX3 in promoting the first wave of synaptogenesis, and show that interplay of TSP1 and PTX3 sets the proper balance between synaptic growth and synapse function in the developing brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Fossati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Pozzi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Canzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sonia Valentino
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Morini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elsa Ghirardini
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Fabia Filipello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Douglas S Annis
- Departments of Biomolecular Chemistry and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Deane F Mosher
- Departments of Biomolecular Chemistry and Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Cecilia Garlanda
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Bottazzi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Taraboletti
- Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Department of Oncology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy .,Institute of Neuroscience - CNR, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Menna
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milano, Italy .,Institute of Neuroscience - CNR, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Morel C, Fernandez SP, Pantouli F, Meye FJ, Marti F, Tolu S, Parnaudeau S, Marie H, Tronche F, Maskos U, Moretti M, Gotti C, Han MH, Bailey A, Mameli M, Barik J, Faure P. Nicotinic receptors mediate stress-nicotine detrimental interplay via dopamine cells' activity. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1597-1605. [PMID: 29155800 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies report strong association between mood disorders and tobacco addiction. This high comorbidity requires adequate treatment but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We demonstrate that nicotine exposure, independent of drug withdrawal effects, increases stress sensitivity, a major risk factor in mood disorders. Nicotine and stress concur to induce long-lasting cellular adaptations within the dopamine (DA) system. This interplay is underpinned by marked remodeling of nicotinic systems, causing increased ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neurons' activity and stress-related behaviors, such as social aversion. Blocking β2 or α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) prevents, respectively, the development and the expression of social stress-induced neuroadaptations; conversely, facilitating α7 nAChRs activation specifically in the VTA promotes stress-induced cellular and behavioral maladaptations. Our work unravels a complex nicotine-stress bidirectional interplay and identifies α7 nAChRs as a promising therapeutic target for stress-related psychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Morel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France.,Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S P Fernandez
- Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France.,CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Nice, France
| | - F Pantouli
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - F J Meye
- CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France.,Team Synapses and Pathophysiology of Reward, INSERM UMR-S 839, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - F Marti
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France
| | - S Tolu
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Paris, France.,CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France
| | - S Parnaudeau
- CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France.,Team Gene Regulation and Adaptive Behaviors, Neurosciences Paris Seine, INSERM U 1130, CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France
| | - H Marie
- Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France.,CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Nice, France
| | - F Tronche
- CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France.,Team Gene Regulation and Adaptive Behaviors, Neurosciences Paris Seine, INSERM U 1130, CNRS UMR 8246, Paris, France
| | - U Maskos
- Team Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, CNRS UMR 3571, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - M Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience and Biometra Department Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience and Biometra Department Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M-H Han
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Bailey
- Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education, St. George's University of London, London, UK
| | - M Mameli
- CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France.,Team Synapses and Pathophysiology of Reward, INSERM UMR-S 839, Institut du Fer à Moulin, Paris, France
| | - J Barik
- Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France. .,CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Nice, France.
| | - P Faure
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS), Paris, France. .,CNRS UMR 8246, INSERM U1130, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vannini S, Pagiotti R, Acito M, Levorato S, Dominici L, Fatigoni C, Gianfredi V, Moretti M, Villarini M. In vitro testing of estragole in HepG2 cells: Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay and cell-cycle analysis. Acta Alimentaria 2018. [DOI: 10.1556/066.2018.47.2.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Vannini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - R. Pagiotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - M. Acito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - S. Levorato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - L. Dominici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - C. Fatigoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - V. Gianfredi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Graduate School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 06129 Perugia Italy
| | - M. Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| | - M. Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Moretti M, Fasoli F, Gotti C, Marks MJ. Reduced α4 subunit expression in α4 +- and α4 +- /β2 +- nicotinic acetylcholine receptors alters α4β2 subtype up-regulation following chronic nicotine treatment. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:1944-1956. [PMID: 28585241 PMCID: PMC5980142 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Genomic analysis has shown many variants in both CHRNA4 and CHRNB2, genes which encode the α4 and β2 subunits of nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChR) respectively. Some variants influence receptor expression, raising the possibility that CHRNA4 variants may affect response to tobacco use in humans. Chronic exposure to nicotine increases expression of nAChRs, particularly α4β2-nAChRs, in humans and laboratory animals. Here, we have evaluated whether the initial level of receptor expression affects the increase in expression. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice differing in expression of α4 and/or β2 nAChR subunits were chronically treated with saline, 0.25, 1.0 or 4.0 mg·kg-1 ·h-1 nicotine. Brain preparations were analysed autoradiographically by [125 I]-epibatidine binding, immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. KEY RESULTS Immunochemical studies confirmed that most of the [3 H]-epibatidine binding corresponds to α4β2*-nAChR and that increases in binding correspond to increases in α4 and β2 proteins. Consistent with previous reports, the dose-dependent increase in nAChR in wild-type mice following chronic nicotine treatment, measured with any of the methods, reached a maximum. Although receptor expression was reduced by approximately 50% in β2+- mice, the pattern of response to chronic treatment resembled that of wild-type mice. In contrast, both α4+- and α4+- /β2+- exhibited relatively greater up-regulation. Consistent with previous reports, α4β2α5-nAChR did not increase in response to nicotine. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results indicate that mice with reduced expression of the α4 nAChR subunit have a more robust response to chronic nicotine than mice with normal expression of this subunit. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael J Marks
- Instute for Behavioral Genetics and Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gilli P, Moretti M, Soffritti S, Marchi N, Malacarne F, Bedani P, De Paoli Vitali E, Fiocchi O, Menini C. Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis and Anti-HCV Antibodies in Dialysis Patients. Int J Artif Organs 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/039139889001301105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To define the prevalence of non-A, non-B hepatitis, antibodies to HCV were detected in 193 patients on renal replacement therapy (52 transplant and 141 hemodialysis patients) and in 50 staff members of a Nephrology Department. Unequivocal seroconversion was documented in 5 transplant (9.6%) and in 26 dialysis patients (18.4%). In the dialysis population, the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was evaluated in patients grouped according to the number of blood transfusions and to the different sections of dialytic treatment. The most striking findings were the marked differences in the prevalence of anti-HCV antibodies among patients treated in different sections (from 0% to 70%), and the presence of a significant increase in alanine-amino-transferase (ALT) concentrations in 14 anti-HCV negative patients. The results suggest that the diffusion of non-A, non-B hepatitis is mainly transfusion-related, with the possibility of significant environmental diffusion related to the violation of infection-control measures. The current immunoassay is probably unable to detect the actual frequency of the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Gilli
- Department of Nephrology, Ferrara - Italy
| | - M. Moretti
- Transfusional Service, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara - Italy
| | | | - N. Marchi
- Transfusional Service, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara - Italy
| | | | | | | | - O. Fiocchi
- Department of Nephrology, Ferrara - Italy
| | - C. Menini
- Transfusional Service, Arcispedale S. Anna, Ferrara - Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bersini S, Gilardi M, Mora M, Krol S, Arrigoni C, Candrian C, Zanotti S, Moretti M. Tackling muscle fibrosis: From molecular mechanisms to next generation engineered models to predict drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018. [PMID: 29518415 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Muscle fibrosis represents the end stage consequence of different diseases, among which muscular dystrophies, leading to severe impairment of muscle functions. Muscle fibrosis involves the production of several growth factors, cytokines and proteolytic enzymes and is strictly associated to inflammatory processes. Moreover, fibrosis causes profound changes in tissue properties, including increased stiffness and density, lower pH and oxygenation. Up to now, there is no therapeutic approach able to counteract the fibrotic process and treatments directed against muscle pathologies are severely impaired by the harsh conditions of the fibrotic environment. The design of new therapeutics thus need innovative tools mimicking the obstacles posed by the fibrotic environment to their delivery. This review will critically discuss the role of in vivo and 3D in vitro models in this context and the characteristics that an ideal model should possess to help the translation from bench to bedside of new candidate anti-fibrotic agents.
Collapse
|
36
|
Affiliation(s)
- T. Kolobow
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Laboratory of Technical Development Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - L. Gattinoni
- Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Milan - Milano Italy
| | - A. Pesenti
- Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Milan - Milano Italy
| | - M. Solca
- Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Milan - Milano Italy
| | - R. Fumagall
- Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Milan - Milano Italy
| | | | - D. Mascheroni
- Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Milan - Milano Italy
| | - P. Prato
- Institute of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University of Milan - Milano Italy
| | - M. Borelli
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Laboratory of Technical Development Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Talò G, Turrisi C, Arrigoni C, Recordati C, Gerges I, Tamplenizza M, Cappelluti A, Riboldi S, Moretti M. Cover Image, Volume 49, Issue 2. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
38
|
Scarpino M, Lanzo G, Lolli F, Moretti M, Carrai R, Spalletti M, Migliaccio M, Peris A, Amantini A, Grippo A. 21. Brain computed tomography combined with somatosensory evoked potentials in the prediction of brain death after cardiac arrest. Clin Neurophysiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
39
|
Verani M, Carducci A, Donzelli G, Palomba G, Ceretti E, Vannini S, Moretti M, Bagordo F, Pignata C, Biggeri A, Gelatti U. Air pollution and health: study of the biological effects in children by buccal micronucleus assay. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx187.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Verani
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - A Carducci
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Donzelli
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Palomba
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Ceretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - S Vannini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - F Bagordo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - C Pignata
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - A Biggeri
- Department of Statistic, Computing and Application, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - U Gelatti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, University of Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Talò G, Turrisi C, Arrigoni C, Recordati C, Gerges I, Tamplenizza M, Cappelluti A, Riboldi S, Moretti M. Industrialization of a perfusion bioreactor: Prime example of a non‐straightforward process. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:405-415. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Talò
- Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Milan Italy
| | - C. Turrisi
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e BioingegneriaPolitecnico di Milano Milan Italy
| | - C. Arrigoni
- Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Milan Italy
| | | | | | | | - A. Cappelluti
- Fondazione Filarete Milan Italy
- SEMM European School of Molecular Medicine Milano Italy
| | | | - M. Moretti
- Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryIRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Milan Italy
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies LaboratoryEnte Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC) Lugano Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Regenerative Medicine (SIRM) Torricella‐Taverne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Agostini A, Ballotta D, Righi S, Moretti M, Bertani A, Scarcelli A, Sartini A, Ercolani M, Nichelli P, Campieri M, Benuzzi F. Stress and brain functional changes in patients with Crohn's disease: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29:1-10. [PMID: 28560758 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Crohn's disease (CD) patients, stress is believed to influence symptoms generation. Stress may act via central nervous system pathways to affect visceral sensitivity and motility thus exacerbating gastrointestinal symptoms. The neural substrate underpinning these mechanisms needs to be investigated in CD. We conducted an explorative functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in order to investigate potential differences in the brain stress response in CD patients compared to controls. METHODS 17 CD patients and 17 healthy controls underwent a fMRI scan while performing a stressful task consisting in a Stroop color-word interference task designed to induce mental stress in the fMRI environment. KEY RESULTS Compared to controls, in CD patients the stress task elicited greater blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals in the midcingulate cortex (MCC). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The MCC integrate "high" emotional processes with afferent sensory information ascending from the gut. In light of these integrative functions, the stress-evoked MCC hyperactivity in CD patients might represent a plausible neural substrate for the association between stress and symptomatic disease. The MCC dysfunction might be involved in mechanisms of central disinhibition of nociceptive inputs leading to amplify the visceral sensitivity. Finally, the stress-evoked MCC hyperactivity might affect the regulation of intestinal motility resulting in exacerbation of disease symptoms and the autonomic and neuroendocrine regulation of inflammation resulting in enhanced inflammatory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Agostini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Ballotta
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - S Righi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Bertani
- Department of Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, Policlinico Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - A Scarcelli
- Department of Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, Policlinico Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - A Sartini
- Department of Gastroenterology, IBD Unit, Policlinico Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | - M Ercolani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - P Nichelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - M Campieri
- Department of Clinical Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Benuzzi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mucchietto V, Fasoli F, Pucci S, Moretti M, Benfante R, Maroli A, Di Lascio S, Bolchi C, Pallavicini M, Dowell C, McIntosh M, Clementi F, Gotti C. α9- and α7-containing receptors mediate the pro-proliferative effects of nicotine in the A549 adenocarcinoma cell line. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1957-1972. [PMID: 28726253 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Tobacco smoke contains many classes of carcinogens and although nicotine is unable to initiate tumourigenesis in humans and rodents, it promotes tumour growth and metastasis in lung tumours by acting on neuronal nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs). The aim of this study was to identify molecularly, biochemically and pharmacologically which nAChR subtypes are expressed and functionally activated by nicotine in lung cancer cell lines. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used A549 and H1975 adenocarcinoma cell lines derived from lung tumours to test the in vitro effects of nicotine, and nAChR subtype-specific peptides and compounds. KEY RESULTS The two adenocarcinoma cell lines express distinctive nAChR subtypes, and this affects their nicotine-induced proliferation. In A549 cells, nAChRs containing the α7 or α9 subunits not only regulate nicotine-induced cell proliferation but also the activation of the Akt and ERK pathways. Blocking these nAChRs by means of subtype-specific peptides, or silencing their expression by means of subunit-specific siRNAs, abolishes nicotine-induced proliferation and signalling. Moreover, we found that the α7 antagonist MG624 also acts on α9-α10 nAChRs, blocks the effects of nicotine on A549 cells and has dose-dependent cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results highlight the pathophysiological role of α7- and α9-containing receptors in promoting non-small cell lung carcinoma cell growth and intracellular signalling and provide a framework for the development of new drugs that specifically target the receptors expressed in lung tumours. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mucchietto
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Benfante
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Maroli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Di Lascio
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiano Bolchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cheryl Dowell
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michael McIntosh
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gianfredi V, Paoloni MC, Villarini M, Moretti M. [Active surveillance evaluation of anti-HPV vaccine adverse events in Umbria region]. Clin Ter 2017; 168:e327-e332. [PMID: 29044356 DOI: 10.7417/t.2017.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The study is a part of the "Active surveillance of adverse events following HPV vaccination" project conducted in order to actively register all common adverse events in girls 9-26 years after anti-HPV vaccination. METHODS It is a multicenter cohort study which included 12 Regions and 87 local health authorities, coordinated by the National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion (CNESPS) ISS. We included all adolescents, 12 years old, actively contacted for HPV vaccination, as well as all women aged 9-26 years who recived, in the period under review, the same vaccination at the local health authorities in Spoleto. RESULT Out of 147 girls enrolled in the program, only 102 have reported the diary filled after the first vaccine dose, 62 and 88 respectively after the second and third dose. The filled diaries shown that adverse events, if any, have occurred almost exclusively during the first 5 days of vaccination, with a strong prevalence of local reactions (erythema, pain and swelling at the injection site) followed by headache and muscles pain. CONCLUSION Even though the results show a high number of reported adverse events, mainly due to the detection method (active surveillance), they are mild or moderate in almost all the cases. This is in line with that seen in previous trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Gianfredi
- School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. orcid.org/0000-0003-3848-981X
| | - M C Paoloni
- Usl Umbria2 Dipartimento di Prevenzione Macroarea di Igiene e Sanità Pubblica area nord Servizio Profilassi Malattie Infettive e Vaccinazioni sede di Spoleto
| | - M Villarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Moretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unit of Public Health, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sabatasso S, Moretti M, Mangin P, Fracasso T. Early markers of myocardial ischemia: from the experimental model to forensic pathology cases of sudden cardiac death. Int J Legal Med 2017; 132:197-203. [PMID: 28497398 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1605-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to assess whether early markers of myocardial ischemia, identified in a previous experimental work, can be applied in forensic pathology cases of sudden, ischemic cardiac death. These markers include desphosphorylated connexin 43 (Cx43), JunB, TUNEL assay, myoglobin, and troponin T. Fourteen cases of sudden cardiac death with gross and/or histological signs of myocardial infarction and 14 cases of sudden cardiac death with signs of early ischemia at histology and positive immunoreactions for fibronectin and C5b-9 were investigated. The control group was represented by 15 hanging (global hypoxia) cases. Immunohistochemical reactions were classified into four degrees and compared among groups. Cx43 and JunB were significantly more expressed in hanging than in ischemia/infarction, but they showed a different distribution in the tissue (sub-endocardial in ischemia/infarction, diffuse in hanging) and a different intensity of the signal. TUNEL assay was significantly more expressed in the group of early ischemia than in myocardial infarction. Myoglobin and troponin T did not show any significantly different expression among the three groups. Depletion markers have a limited application in forensic cases, and this is mostly because positive (depleted) areas are difficult to distinguish from artifactually paler areas. Nuclear markers (JunB and TUNEL), on the other hand, require a well-trained eye and a high magnification in order to be distinguished. Cx43, JunB, and TUNEL assays were confirmed to be early, sensitive markers for myocardial ischemia. Nonetheless, they are not specific, as they are expressed in global hypoxia as well, but with a different tissular distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sabatasso
- University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH 1211, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Milena Moretti
- University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 11, 3008, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrice Mangin
- University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tony Fracasso
- University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Marini M, Limongi T, Falqui A, Genovese A, Allione M, Moretti M, Lopatin S, Tirinato L, Das G, Torre B, Giugni A, Cesca F, Benfenati F, Di Fabrizio E. Imaging and structural studies of DNA-protein complexes and membrane ion channels. Nanoscale 2017; 9:2768-2777. [PMID: 28155926 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07958j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In bio-imaging by electron microscopy, damage of the sample and limited contrast are the two main hurdles for reaching high image quality. We extend a new preparation method based on nanofabrication and super-hydrophobicity to the imaging and structural studies of nucleic acids, nucleic acid-protein complexes (DNA/Rad51 repair protein complex) and neuronal ion channels (gap-junction, K+ and GABAA channels) as paradigms of biological significance and increasing complexity. The preparation method is based on the liquid phase and is compatible with physiological conditions. Only in the very last stage, samples are dried for TEM analysis. Conventional TEM and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) were used to achieve a resolution of 3.3 and 1.5 Å, respectively. The EM dataset quality allows the determination of relevant structural and metrological information on the DNA structure, DNA-protein interactions and ion channels, allowing the identification of specific macromolecules and their structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Marini
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - T Limongi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - A Falqui
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, NABLA lab, BESE Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A Genovese
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, NABLA lab, BESE Division, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M Allione
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Moretti
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Lopatin
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Imaging and Characterization core lab, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - L Tirinato
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - G Das
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - B Torre
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - A Giugni
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - F Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - F Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - E Di Fabrizio
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, SMILEs lab, PSE and BESE Divisions, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ope-Adenuga S, Burgess A, Reilly J, Moretti M, Lakhi N. Intravenous acetaminophen for the treatment of intrapartum fever and resolution of fetal tachycardia: a novel use for an old medication. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2017. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog3425.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
47
|
Ope-Adenuga S, Burgess APH, Reilly JG, Moretti M, Lakhi N. Intravenous acetaminophen for the treatment of intrapartum fever and resolution of fetal tachycardia: a novel use for an old medication. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2017; 44:166-168. [PMID: 29714893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This case series demonstrates a potential new role for the use of intravenous (IV) acetaminophen. The authors reviewed two cases, whereby patients that developed intrapartum fever leading to fetal tachycardia were effectively treated with IV acetaminophen, leading to rapid reduction of maternal temperature and resolution of fetal tachycardia. Both patients had an uncomplicated vaginal delivery of healthy neonates. Intravenous acetaminophen, with its increased bioavailability and more rapid onset of action, may have benefit in the intrapartum setting by reducing adverse neonatal and maternal outcomes associated with febrile morbidity.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bolchi C, Bavo F, Fumagalli L, Gotti C, Fasoli F, Moretti M, Pallavicini M. Novel 5-substituted 3-hydroxyphenyl and 3-nitrophenyl ethers of S-prolinol as α4β2-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5613-5617. [PMID: 27818109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-nitrophenyl and 3-hydroxyphenyl ethers of (S)-N-methylprolinol bearing bulky and lipophilic substituents at phenyl C5 were tested for affinity at α4β2 and α3β4 nAChRs. The two phenyl ethers 5-substituted with 6-hydroxy-1-hexynyl showed high α4β2 affinity and significantly increased α4β2/α3β4 selectivity compared to the respective unsubstituted parent compounds. Within the two series of novel phenyl ethers, we observed parallel shifts in affinity and, furthermore, the increase in α4β2/α3β4 selectivity resulting from the hydroxyalkynyl substitution parallels that reported for the same modification at the 3-pyridyl ether of (S)-N-methylprolinol (A-84543), a well-known potent α4β2 agonist. On the basis of these results, our nitrophenyl and hydroxyphenyl prolinol ethers can be considered bioisosteres of the pyridyl ether A-84543 and lead compounds candidable to analogous optimization processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Bolchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Bavo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Fasoli
- CNR, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- CNR, Istituto di Neuroscienze, Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Vanvitelli 32, I-20129 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Pallavicini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Barloscio D, Cerri E, Domenici L, Longhi R, Dallanoce C, Moretti M, Vilella A, Zoli M, Gotti C, Origlia N. In vivo study of the role of α6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in retinal function using subtype-specific RDP-MII(E11R) toxin. FASEB J 2016; 31:192-202. [PMID: 27682206 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600855r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although α6-contaning (α6*) nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are densely expressed in the visual system, their role is not well known. We have characterized a family of toxins that are antagonists for α6β2* receptors and used one of these [RDP-MII(E11R)] to localize α6* nAChRs and investigate their impact on retinal function in adult Long-Evans rats. The α6*nAChRs in retinal tissue were localized using either a fluorescently tagged [RDP-MII(E11R)] or anti-α6-specific antibodies and found to be predominantly at the level of the ganglion cell layer. After intraocular injection of RDP-MII(E11R) in one eye and vehicle or inactive MII in contralateral eyes as controls, we recorded flash electroretinograms (F-ERGs), pattern ERGs (P-ERGs), and cortical visual-evoked potential (VEPs). There was no significant difference in F-ERG between the RDP-MII(E11R)-treated and control eyes. In contrast, P-ERG response amplitude was significantly reduced in the RDP-MII(E11R)-injected eye. Blocking α6* nAChRs at retinal level also decreased the VEP amplitude recorded in the visual cortex contralateral to the injected eye. Because both the cortical and inner retina output were affected by RDP-MII(E11R), whereas photoreceptor output was preserved, we conclude that the reduced visual response was due to an alteration in the function of α6* nAChRs present in the ganglion cell layer.-Barloscio, D., Cerri, E., Domenici, L., Longhi, R., Dallanoce, C., Moretti, M., Vilella, A., Zoli, M., Gotti, C., and Origlia, N. In vivo study of the role of α6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in retinal function using subtype-specific RDP-MII(E11R) toxin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Barloscio
- National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute-Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Cerri
- National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute-Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luciano Domenici
- National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute-Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Renato Longhi
- CNR Institute of Chemistry of Molecular Recognition, Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Dallanoce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section of Medicinal Chemistry "Pietro Pratesi," University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Moretti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Antonietta Vilella
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy; and
| | - Nicola Origlia
- National Research Council (CNR) Neuroscience Institute-Pisa, Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fasoli F, Moretti M, Zoli M, Pistillo F, Crespi A, Clementi F, Mc Clure-Begley T, Marks M, Gotti C. In vivo chronic nicotine exposure differentially and reversibly affects upregulation and stoichiometry of α4β2 nicotinic receptors in cortex and thalamus. Neuropharmacology 2016; 108:324-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|