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Yen CC, Wu PY, Ou-Yang H, Chen HL, Chong KY, Chang RL, Chen CM. Production of Bioactive Porcine Lactoferrin through a Novel Glucose-Inducible Expression System in Pichia pastoris: Unveiling Antimicrobial and Anticancer Functionalities. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1818. [PMID: 38339093 PMCID: PMC10855427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) stands as one of the extensively investigated iron-binding glycoproteins within milk, exhibiting diverse biological functionalities. The global demand for LF has experienced consistent growth. Biotechnological strategies aimed at enhancing LF productivity through microbial expression systems offer substantial cost-effective advantages and exhibit fewer constraints compared to traditional animal bioreactor technologies. This study devised a novel recombinant plasmid, wherein the AOX1 promoter was replaced with a glucose-inducible G1 promoter (PG1) to govern the expression of recombinant porcine LF (rpLF) in Pichia pastoris GS115. High-copy-number PG1-rpLF yeast clones were meticulously selected, and subsequent induction with 0.05 g/L glucose demonstrated robust secretion of rpLF. Scaling up production transpired in a 5 L fermenter, yielding an estimated rpLF productivity of approximately 2.8 g/L by the conclusion of glycerol-fed fermentation. A three-step purification process involving tangential-flow ultrafiltration yielded approximately 6.55 g of rpLF crude (approximately 85% purity). Notably, exceptional purity of rpLF was achieved through sequential heparin and size-exclusion column purification. Comparatively, the present glucose-inducible system outperformed our previous methanol-induced system, which yielded a level of 87 mg/L of extracellular rpLF secretion. Furthermore, yeast-produced rpLF demonstrated affinity for ferric ions (Fe3+) and exhibited growth inhibition against various pathogenic microbes (E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans) and human cancer cells (A549, MDA-MB-231, and Hep3B), similar to commercial bovine LF (bLF). Intriguingly, the hydrolysate of rpLF (rpLFH) manifested heightened antimicrobial and anticancer effects compared to its intact form. In conclusion, this study presents an efficient glucose-inducible yeast expression system for large-scale production and purification of active rpLF protein with the potential for veterinary or medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ching Yen
- Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Huan Ou-Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan;
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Laboratory, Bone and Joint Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ro-Lin Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (H.O.-Y.)
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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Shu X, Su J, Zhao Y, Liu C, Chen Y, Ma X, Wang Z, Bai J, Zhang H, Ma Z. Regulation of HeLa cell proliferation and apoptosis by bovine lactoferrin. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1395-1402. [PMID: 37842864 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the foremost common cancers in women. Lactoferrin (LF) has many biological functions, such as antitumor. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) on the proliferation and apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells and to clarify the potential mechanism of action of bLF against HeLa cells. This study used CCK-8, Trypan blue staining, and colony formation assays to verify the effect of bLF on HeLa cell proliferation. Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining, AO/EB staining, and western blotting were used to determine the effects of bLF on apoptosis and autophagy in HeLa cells. We discovered that bLF significantly reduced the proliferation of HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner compared to the control group. Furthermore, bLF primarily induced apoptosis in HeLa cells by increasing the expression of the proapoptotic proteins p53, Bax, and Cleaved-caspase-3 and downregulating the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In addition, the present study also showed that bLF treatment significantly activated autophagy-related proteins LC3B-II and Beclin I and down regulated the autophagosome transporter protein p62, indicating that bLF treatment can induce autophagy in HeLa cells. After pretreatment with the autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, which markedly found that autophagy inhibition by 3-MA reversed bLF-induced apoptosis, indicating that bLF can induce apoptosis by activating intracellular autophagy in HeLa cells. In the present study, our results support the theory of bLF significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hela cells by promoting apoptosis and reinforcing autophagy. The study will play an important role in therapying cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfu Shu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinxian Su
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Life Science and Engineering College of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zifan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jialin Bai
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Ju T, Dong J, Wang B, Qu K, Cheng C, He X, Tian Y, Crabbe MJC, Wang Z, Chen Y. Cancer Development in Hepatocytes by Long-Term Induction of Hypoxic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell (HCC)-Derived Exosomes In Vivo and In Vitro. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5579-5592. [PMID: 37844208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic tumor cell-derived exosomes play a key role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors. However, the mechanism of hypoxia-mediated metastasis remains unclear. In this study, hypoxic hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC-LM3)-derived exosomes (H-LM3-exos) were used to induce hepatocytes (HL-7702) over a long term (40 passages in 120 days). A nude mouse experiment further verified the effect of H-LM3-exos on tumor growth and metastasis. The process of cancer development in hepatocytes induced by H-LM3-exos was analyzed using both biological and physical techniques, and the results showed that the proliferation and soft agar growth abilities of the transformed cells were enhanced. The concentration of tumor markers secreted by transformed cells was increased, the cytoskeleton was disordered, and the migration ability was enhanced and was accompanied by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transcriptome results showed that differentially expressed genes between transformed cells and hepatocytes were enriched in cancer-related signaling pathways. The degree of cancer development in transformed cells was enhanced by an increase in H-LM3-exos-induced passages. Nude mice treated with different concentrations of H-LM3-exos showed different degrees of tumor growth and liver lesions. The physical properties of the cells were characterized by atomic force microscopy. Compared with the hepatocytes, the height and roughness of the transformed cells were increased, while the adhesion and elastic modulus were decreased. The changes in physical properties of primary tumor cells and hepatocytes in nude mice were consistent with this trend. Our study linking omics with the physical properties of cells provides a new direction for studying the mechanisms of cancer development and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuoyu Ju
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Bowei Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kaige Qu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Can Cheng
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiuxia He
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yanling Tian
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CF4 7AL, U.K
| | - M James C Crabbe
- Wolfson College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6UD, U.K
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, and Institute for Research in Applicable Computing, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, U.K
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, and Institute for Research in Applicable Computing, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, U.K
| | - Yujuan Chen
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan 528437, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
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Attri K, Chudasama B, Mahajan RL, Choudhury D. Therapeutic potential of lactoferrin-coated iron oxide nanospheres for targeted hyperthermia in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17875. [PMID: 37857677 PMCID: PMC10587155 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF) is a non-heme iron-binding glycoprotein involved in the transport of iron in blood plasma. In addition, it has many biological functions, including antibacterial, antiviral, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and, importantly, antitumor properties. In this study, we have investigated the potential of employing lactoferrin-iron oxide nanoparticles (LF-IONPs) as a treatment modality for gastric cancer. The study confirms the formation of LF-IONPs with a spherical shape and an average size of 5 ± 2 nm, embedded within the protein matrix. FTIR and Raman analysis revealed that the Fe-O bond stabilized the protein particle interactions. Further, we conducted hyperthermia studies to ascertain whether the proposed composite can generate a sufficient rise in temperature at a low frequency. The results confirmed that we can achieve a temperature rise of about 7 °C at 242.4 kHz, which can be further harnessed for gastric cancer treatment. The particles were further tested for their anti-cancer activity on AGS cells, with and without hyperthermia. Results indicate that LF-IONPs (10 µg/ml) significantly enhance cytotoxicity, resulting in the demise of 67.75 ± 5.2% of cells post hyperthermia, while also exhibiting an inhibitory effect on cell migration compared to control cells, with the most inhibition observed after 36 h of treatment. These findings suggest the potential of LF-IONPs in targeted hyperthermia treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Attri
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Bhupendra Chudasama
- School of Physics and Material Sciences, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
| | - Roop L Mahajan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
| | - Diptiman Choudhury
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
- TIET-VT Centre of Excellence for Emerging Materials, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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Ohradanova-Repic A, Praženicová R, Gebetsberger L, Moskalets T, Skrabana R, Cehlar O, Tajti G, Stockinger H, Leksa V. Time to Kill and Time to Heal: The Multifaceted Role of Lactoferrin and Lactoferricin in Host Defense. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1056. [PMID: 37111542 PMCID: PMC10146187 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an iron-binding glycoprotein present in most human exocrine fluids, particularly breast milk. Lactoferrin is also released from neutrophil granules, and its concentration increases rapidly at the site of inflammation. Immune cells of both the innate and the adaptive immune system express receptors for lactoferrin to modulate their functions in response to it. On the basis of these interactions, lactoferrin plays many roles in host defense, ranging from augmenting or calming inflammatory pathways to direct killing of pathogens. Complex biological activities of lactoferrin are determined by its ability to sequester iron and by its highly basic N-terminus, via which lactoferrin binds to a plethora of negatively charged surfaces of microorganisms and viruses, as well as to mammalian cells, both normal and cancerous. Proteolytic cleavage of lactoferrin in the digestive tract generates smaller peptides, such as N-terminally derived lactoferricin. Lactoferricin shares some of the properties of lactoferrin, but also exhibits unique characteristics and functions. In this review, we discuss the structure, functions, and potential therapeutic uses of lactoferrin, lactoferricin, and other lactoferrin-derived bioactive peptides in treating various infections and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, we summarize clinical trials examining the effect of lactoferrin supplementation in disease treatment, with a special focus on its potential use in treating COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ohradanova-Repic
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Praženicová
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Laura Gebetsberger
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tetiana Moskalets
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rostislav Skrabana
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of Neurodegeneration, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ondrej Cehlar
- Laboratory of Structural Biology of Neurodegeneration, Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabor Tajti
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Stockinger
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Leksa
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Su YT, Cui W, Zhang AP. Lactoferrin regulates sebogenesis and inflammation in SZ95 human sebocytes and mouse model of acne. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1361-1368. [PMID: 36700382 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory and anti-lipid effects of lactoferrin on SZ95 human sebaceous gland cells and mouse model of acne. METHODS SZ95 cells were co-cultured with different concentrations of lactoferrin, and cell viability was determined using the 2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide method. Oil red O and Nile red staining were performed to determine the lipid content. The mRNA expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 [SREBP-1], fatty acid synthase [FAS], stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 [SCD-1], fatty acid desaturase 2 [FADS2]) and inflammation (interleukin-8 [IL-8]) was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. An acne mouse model was established using injection of P. acnes on the backs of mice. The proliferation and apoptosis of sebaceous gland cells were examined by immunohistochemistry against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and TUNEL staining, respectively. Western blotting was used to detect FADS2 and CXCL15 protein expression. RESULTS Lactoferrin treatment at 10-500 μg/ml significantly decreased the lipid content, as revealed by the oil red O and Nile red staining. It also attenuated the increase of mRNA expression of SREBP-1, FAS, SCD-1, FADS2, and IL-8 in insulin-treated SZ95 cells. Moreover, lactoferrin treatment at the doses of 1-50 mg/mouse significantly reduced the inflammation and lipid production in the mouse model of acne. Also, the number of sebaceous gland cells was significantly reduced, and apoptosis was significantly increased by lactoferrin treatment in the mice. Mechanically, the levels of FADS2 and CXCL15 proteins in tissues were significantly decreased after lactoferrin treatment in the model mice. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the potential of lactoferrin against sebogenesis, sebaceous gland inflammation in acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ting Su
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Dermatology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei City, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Dermatology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei City, Hefei, China
| | - An-Ping Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Zhang X, Xing M, Ma Y, Zhang Z, Qiu C, Wang X, Zhao Z, Ji Z, Zhang JY. Oridonin Induces Apoptosis in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inhibiting Cytoskeletal Protein LASP1 and PDLIM1. Molecules 2023; 28:805. [PMID: 36677861 PMCID: PMC9862004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is a severe malignancy for its high mortality and poor prognosis. Mainstay chemotherapies cause serious side effects for their ways of inducing cell death. Oridonin is the main bioactive constituent from natural plants that has anticancer ability and weak side effects. The proteomics method is efficient to understand the anticancer mechanism. However, proteins identified by proteomics aimed at understanding oridonin's anticancer mechanism is seldom overlapped by different groups. This study used proteomics based on two-dimensional electrophoresis sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE SDS-PAGE) integrated with mass spectrometry and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to understand the anticancer mechanism of oridonin on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The results showed that oridonin induced ESCC cell death via apoptosis by decreasing the protein expression of LASP1 and PDLIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Mengtao Xing
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Yangcheng Ma
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Zhuangli Zhang
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Cuipeng Qiu
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Zhihong Zhao
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zhenyu Ji
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences & Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
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Costantini E, Di Nicola M, Marchioni M, Aielli L, Reale M, Schips L. Effects of Curcumin and Lactoferrin to Inhibit the Growth and Migration of Prostatic Cancer Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16193. [PMID: 36498267 PMCID: PMC9737629 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains one of the main causes of death for men worldwide. Despite recent advances in cancer treatment, patients develop resistance after an initial period of optimal efficacy. Nowadays, it is accepted that natural compounds can result in health benefits with a preventive or adjuvant effect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of curcumin (CU), a bioactive compound in the spice turmeric, and lactoferrin (LF), a natural glycoprotein with immunomodulatory properties, on DU145 and PC3. Prostate cancer cells were cultured with and without LF (175 μM) and CU (2.5 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL), alone and in combination. Cell viability, migration ability, death receptors (DRs), and integrins (α3, β1) gene expression were evaluated, as well as human annexin V quantification and Akt phosphorylation. Differences among cells group, defined according to the treatment used, were assessed with ANOVA. The results showed that the effects of CU and LF are different between the two prostatic cell lines analyzed. In DU145, a reduction in cell proliferation and migration is reported both in the presence of single and combined treatments. In PC3 cells, there is a significant reduction in proliferation in the presence of CU alone, while the inhibition of migration is mainly related to the LF treatment and its combination with CU, compared to untreated cells. Moreover, the reduction in gene expression of integrins and Akt pathway activation were observed mostly in the presence of the CU and LF combination, including the upregulation of DR and annexin V levels, with greater significance for the DU145 cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that CU and LF may have a potentially beneficial effect, mainly when administered in combination, leading to a reduction in cancer cells' aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.D.N.); (L.S.)
| | - Michele Marchioni
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.D.N.); (L.S.)
| | - Lisa Aielli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Luigi Schips
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.D.N.); (L.S.)
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Santos-Pereira C, Guedes JP, Ferreira D, Rodrigues LR, Côrte-Real M. Lactoferrin perturbs intracellular trafficking, disrupts cholesterol-rich lipid rafts and inhibits glycolysis of highly metastatic cancer cells harbouring plasmalemmal V-ATPase. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:1589-1604. [PMID: 36116593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The milk-derived bovine lactoferrin (bLf) is an iron-binding glycoprotein with remarkable selective anticancer activity towards highly metastatic cancer cells displaying the proton pump V-ATPase at the plasma membrane. As studies aiming to dissect the bLf mechanisms of action are critical to improve its efficacy and boost its targeted clinical use, herein we sought to further uncover the molecular basis of bLf anticancer activity. We showed that bLf co-localizes with V-ATPase and cholesterol-rich lipid rafts at the plasma membrane of highly metastatic cancer cells. Our data also revealed that bLf perturbs cellular trafficking, induces intracellular accumulation of cholesterol and lipid rafts disruption, downregulates PI3K, and AKT or p-AKT and inhibits glycolysis of cancer cells harbouring V-ATPase at the plasma membrane lipid rafts. Altogether, our results can lay the foundation for future bLf-based targeted anticancer strategies as they unravel a novel cascade of molecular events that explains and further reinforces bLf selectivity for cancer cells displaying plasmalemmal V-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Santos-Pereira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joana P Guedes
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Débora Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
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10
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Zhang XB, Xu SQ, Hui YG, Zhou HY, Hu YC, Zhang RH, Gao XD, Zheng CM. Lactotransferrin promotes intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating Fas and inhibiting human nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4572-4585. [PMID: 35613904 PMCID: PMC9186764 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: In recent years, intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) has increased in age. There is still a lack of effective treatment in clinics, which cannot improve the condition of IDD at the level of etiology. Objective: To explore IDD pathogenesis at the cellular and gene levels and investigate lactotransferrin (LTF) expression in IDD patients and its possible mechanism. Methods: We downloaded the IDD data set from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes and performed Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Subsequently, we verified LTF's regulatory mechanism through cell experiments. IL-1β was used to intervene in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) to construct the IDD cell model, and LTF and Fas expression was detected by qRT–PCR. LTF inhibitor, Fas inhibitor, LTF mimic, and Fas mimic were used to intervene in each group. Western blotting was used to detect Fas, Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 expression. Results: A total of 131 DEGs and 10 hub genes were screened. LTF mRNA in the IDD model was significantly higher than that in the control group, while Fas' mRNA was significantly lower. When LTF was upregulated or downregulated in NPCs, apoptosis marker expression showed the opposite trend. The rescue test showed that LTF and Fas' overexpression greatly enhanced NPC apoptosis. Conclusion: LTF promotes IDD progression by regulating Fas in NPCs, and it may be an effective gene therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, PR China
| | - Si-Qi Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, PR China
| | - Yi-Geng Hui
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, PR China
| | - Hai-Yu Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Yi-Cun Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Rui-Hao Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Xi-Dan Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, PR China
| | - Chang-Ming Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, PR China
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11
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Lactoferrin as a Human Genome “Guardian”—An Overall Point of View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095248. [PMID: 35563638 PMCID: PMC9105968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural abnormalities causing DNA modifications of the ethene and propanoadducts can lead to mutations and permanent damage to human genetic material. Such changes may cause premature aging and cell degeneration and death as well as severe impairment of tissue and organ function. This may lead to the development of various diseases, including cancer. In response to a damage, cells have developed defense mechanisms aimed at preventing disease and repairing damaged genetic material or diverting it into apoptosis. All of the mechanisms described above are part of the repertoire of action of Lactoferrin—an endogenous protein that contains iron in its structure, which gives it numerous antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anticancer properties. The aim of the article is to synthetically present the new and innovative role of lactoferrin in the protection of human genetic material against internal and external damage, described by the modulation mechanisms of the cell cycle at all its levels and the mechanisms of its repair.
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12
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The Lactoferrin Phenomenon-A Miracle Molecule. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092941. [PMID: 35566292 PMCID: PMC9104648 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous harmful factors that affect the human body from birth to old age cause many disturbances, e.g., in the structure of the genome, inducing cell apoptosis and their degeneration, which leads to the development of many diseases, including cancer. Among the factors leading to pathological processes, microbes, viruses, gene dysregulation and immune system disorders have been described. The function of a protective agent may be played by lactoferrin as a “miracle molecule”, an endogenous protein with a number of favorable antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, immunostimulatory and binding DNA properties. The purpose of this article is to present the broad spectrum of properties and the role that lactoferrin plays in protecting human cells at all stages of life.
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Zhang Y, Chen N, Xin N, Li Q, Zhang T, Ye H, Zhao C. Complexation of chlorogenic acid enhances the antiproliferative effect of lactoferrin to colon cancer cells. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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14
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Santos-Pereira C, Rodrigues LR, Côrte-Real M. Plasmalemmal V-ATPase as a Potential Biomarker for Lactoferrin-Based Anticancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12010119. [PMID: 35053267 PMCID: PMC8773557 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf) is a milk-derived protein with well-recognized potential as a therapeutic agent against a wide variety of cancers. This natural protein exhibits health-promoting effects and has several interesting features, including its selectivity towards cancer cells, good tolerability in humans, worldwide availability, and holding a generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. To prompt the rational clinical application of this promising anticancer compound, previous works aimed to unveil the molecular mechanisms underlying its selective anticancer activity, where plasmalemmal V-ATPase was identified as an Lf target in cancer cells. V-ATPase is a proton pump critical for cellular homeostasis that migrates to the plasma membrane of highly metastatic cancer cells contributing to the acidity of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells were found to be susceptible to Lf only when this proton pump is present at the plasma membrane. Plasmalemmal V-ATPase can thus be an excellent biomarker for driving treatment decisions and forecasting clinical outcomes of Lf-based anticancer strategies. Future research endeavors should thus seek to validate this biomarker by thorough preclinical and clinical studies, as well as to develop effective methods for its detection under clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Santos-Pereira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Lígia R. Rodrigues
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), Department of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Manuela Côrte-Real
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253604310
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15
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Gutierrez DA, Contreras L, Villanueva PJ, Borrego EA, Morán-Santibañez K, Hess JD, DeJesus R, Larragoity M, Betancourt AP, Mohl JE, Robles-Escajeda E, Begum K, Roy S, Kirken RA, Varela-Ramirez A, Aguilera RJ. Identification of a Potent Cytotoxic Pyrazole with Anti-Breast Cancer Activity That Alters Multiple Pathways. Cells 2022; 11:254. [PMID: 35053370 PMCID: PMC8773755 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identified a novel pyrazole-based derivative (P3C) that displayed potent cytotoxicity against 27 human cancer cell lines derived from different tissue origins with 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) in the low micromolar and nanomolar range, particularly in two triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines (from 0.25 to 0.49 µM). In vitro assays revealed that P3C induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation leading to mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-3/7 and -8 activation, suggesting the participation of both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. P3C caused microtubule disruption, phosphatidylserine externalization, PARP cleavage, DNA fragmentation, and cell cycle arrest on TNBC cells. In addition, P3C triggered dephosphorylation of CREB, p38, ERK, STAT3, and Fyn, and hyperphosphorylation of JNK and NF-kB in TNBC cells, indicating the inactivation of both p38MAPK/STAT3 and ERK1/2/CREB signaling pathways. In support of our in vitro assays, transcriptome analyses of two distinct TNBC cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells) treated with P3C revealed 28 genes similarly affected by the treatment implicated in apoptosis, oxidative stress, protein kinase modulation, and microtubule stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse A. Gutierrez
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Lisett Contreras
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Paulina J. Villanueva
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Edgar A. Borrego
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Karla Morán-Santibañez
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Jessica D. Hess
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Rebecca DeJesus
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Manuel Larragoity
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Ana P. Betancourt
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Jonathon E. Mohl
- Department of Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA;
| | - Elisa Robles-Escajeda
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Khodeza Begum
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Sourav Roy
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Robert A. Kirken
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Renato J. Aguilera
- Cellular Characterization and Biorepository Core Facility, Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968-0519, USA; (D.A.G.); (L.C.); (P.J.V.); (E.A.B.); (K.M.-S.); (J.D.H.); (R.D.); (M.L.); (A.P.B.); (E.R.-E.); (K.B.); (S.R.); (R.A.K.); (A.V.-R.)
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16
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Novel Combinatorial Strategy Using Thermal Inkjet Bioprinting, Chemotherapy, and Radiation on Human Breast Cancer Cells; an In-Vitro Cell Viability Assessment. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247864. [PMID: 34947458 PMCID: PMC8704911 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) continues to have the second highest mortality amongst women in the United States after lung cancer. For 2021, the American Cancer Association predicted 281,550 new invasive breast cancer cases besides 49,290 new cases of non-invasive breast cancer and 43,600 deaths from the metastatic disease. A treatment modality is radiation therapy, which is given for local control as well as palliation of patient symptoms. The initial step of new drug development is in-vitro cell studies, which help describe new drug properties and toxicities. However, these models are not optimal, and better ones have yet to be determined. This study uses bioprinting technology to elucidate the sensitivity of tumor cells to the combination of palbociclib (PD) and letrozole (Let) treatment. We hypothesize that this technology could serve as a model to predict treatment outcomes more efficiently. Methods: The breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 as well as the normal breast epithelial cell line, MCF-10A, were treated with PD-Let with and without radiotherapy (RT), and cell viability was compared in pairwise fashion for thermally inkjet bioprinted (TIB) and manually seeded (MS) cells. Results: In absence of radiation, the TIB MCF7 cells have 2.5 times higher viability than manually seeded (MS) cells when treated with 100 µM palbociclib and 10 µM letrozole, a 36% higher viability when treated with 50 µM palbociclib and 10 µM letrozole, and an 8% higher viability when treated with 10 µM palbociclib and 10 µM letrozole. With 10 Gy of radiation, TIB cells had a 45% higher survival rate than MS cells at the lowest palbociclib concentration and a 29% higher survival rate at the intermediate palbociclib concentration. Without radiation treatment, at a concentration of 10 μM PD-Let, TIB MDA-MB-231 cells show a 8% higher viability than MS cells when treated with 10 µM PD and 10 µM Let; at higher drug concentrations, the differences disappeared, but some 1.7% of the TIB MDA-MB-231 cells survived exposure to 150 μM of PD + 10 μM letrozole vs. none of the MS cells. These cells are more radiation sensitive than the other cell lines tested and less sensitive to the combo drug treatments. We observed an 18% higher survival of TIB MCF-10A cells without radiation treatment when exposed to 10 μM PD + 10 μM Let but no difference in cell survival between the two groups when radiation was applied. Independent of growth conditions, TIB cells did not show more resistance to radiation treatment than MS cells, but a higher resistance to the combo treatment was observed, which was most pronounced in the MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest that TIB used in in-vitro models could be a feasible strategy to develop and/or test new anticancer drugs.
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Natural Peptides Inducing Cancer Cell Death: Mechanisms and Properties of Specific Candidates for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247453. [PMID: 34946535 PMCID: PMC8708364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer has become the second highest leading cause of death, and it is expected to continue to affect the population in forthcoming years. Additionally, treatment options will become less accessible to the public as cases continue to grow and disease mechanisms expand. Hence, specific candidates with confirmed anticancer effects are required to develop new drugs. Among the novel therapeutic options, proteins are considered a relevant source, given that they have bioactive peptides encrypted within their sequences. These bioactive peptides, which are molecules consisting of 2–50 amino acids, have specific activities when administered, producing anticancer effects. Current databases report the effects of peptides. However, uncertainty is found when their molecular mechanisms are investigated. Furthermore, analyses addressing their interaction networks or their directly implicated mechanisms are needed to elucidate their effects on cancer cells entirely. Therefore, relevant peptides considered as candidates for cancer therapeutics with specific sequences and known anticancer mechanisms were accurately reviewed. Likewise, those features which turn certain peptides into candidates and the mechanisms by which peptides mediate tumor cell death were highlighted. This information will make robust the knowledge of these candidate peptides with recognized mechanisms and enhance their non-toxic capacity in relation to healthy cells and further avoid cell resistance.
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18
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Trinidad-Calderón PA, Varela-Chinchilla CD, García-Lara S. Natural Peptides Inducing Cancer Cell Death: Mechanisms and Properties of Specific Candidates for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer has become the second highest leading cause of death, and it is expected to continue to affect the population in forthcoming years. Additionally, treatment options will become less accessible to the public as cases continue to grow and disease mechanisms expand. Hence, specific candidates with confirmed anticancer effects are required to develop new drugs. Among the novel therapeutic options, proteins are considered a relevant source, given that they have bioactive peptides encrypted within their sequences. These bioactive peptides, which are molecules consisting of 2–50 amino acids, have specific activities when administered, producing anticancer effects. Current databases report the effects of peptides. However, uncertainty is found when their molecular mechanisms are investigated. Furthermore, analyses addressing their interaction networks or their directly implicated mechanisms are needed to elucidate their effects on cancer cells entirely. Therefore, relevant peptides considered as candidates for cancer therapeutics with specific sequences and known anticancer mechanisms were accurately reviewed. Likewise, those features which turn certain peptides into candidates and the mechanisms by which peptides mediate tumor cell death were highlighted. This information will make robust the knowledge of these candidate peptides with recognized mechanisms and enhance their non-toxic capacity in relation to healthy cells and further avoid cell resistance.
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19
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Ayala-Marin YM, Grant AH, Rodriguez G, Kirken RA. Quadruple and Truncated MEK3 Mutants Identified from Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Promote Degradation and Enhance Proliferation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12210. [PMID: 34830095 PMCID: PMC8618549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to other ethnicities, Hispanic children incur the highest rates of leukemia, and most cases are diagnosed as Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Despite improved treatment and survival for ALL, disproportionate health outcomes in Hispanics persist. Thus, it is essential to identify oncogenic mutations within this demographic to aid in the development of new strategies to diagnose and treat ALL. Using whole-exome sequencing, five single nucleotide polymorphisms within mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAP2K3) were identified in an ALL cancer patient library from the U.S./Mexico border. MAP2K3 R26T and P11T are located near the substrate-binding site, while R65L and R67W localized to the kinase domain. Truncated-MAP2K3 mutant Q73* was also identified. Transfection in HEK293 cells showed that the quadruple-MEK3 mutant (4M-MEK3) impacted protein stability, inducing degradation and reducing expression. The expression of 4M-MEK3 could be rescued by cysteine/serine protease inhibition, and proteasomal degradation of truncated-MEK3 occurred in a ubiquitin-independent manner. MEK3 mutants displayed reduced auto-phosphorylation and enzymatic activity, as seen by decreases in p38 phosphorylation. Furthermore, uncoupling of the MEK3/p38 signaling pathway resulted in less suppressive activity on HEK293 cell viability. Thus, disruption of MEK3 activation may promote proliferative signals in ALL. These findings suggest that MEK3 represents a potential therapeutic target for treating ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Robert A. Kirken
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (Y.M.A.-M.); (A.H.G.); (G.R.)
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20
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Olszewska P, Pazdrak B, Kruzel ML. A Novel Human Recombinant Lactoferrin Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Growth and Migration with No Cytotoxic Effect on Normal Human Epithelial Cells. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:33. [PMID: 34748082 PMCID: PMC8575758 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Despite the recent advances in cancer treatment, only a subset of patients responds to targeted and immune therapies, and many patients developing resistance after an initial response. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a natural glycoprotein with immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. We produced a novel recombinant human Lf (rhLf) that exhibits glycosylation profile compatible with the natural hLf for potential parenteral therapeutic applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effects of this novel rhLf in human lung adenocarcinoma cells and its mechanisms of action. The results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of A549 cancer cell growth in response to rhLf. Treatment with 1 mg/ml of rhLf for 24 h and 72 h resulted in a significant inhibition of cancer cell growth by 32% and 25%, respectively. Moreover, rhLf increased fourfold the percentage of early and late apoptotic cells compared to the control. This effect was accompanied by increased levels of caspase-3 activity and cell cycle arrest at the S phase in rhLf-treated cancer cells. Furthermore, rhLf significantly attenuated A549 cell migration. Importantly, treatment of normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells with rhLf showed the cell viability and morphology comparable to the control. In contrast, chemotherapeutic etoposide induced cytotoxicity in NHBE cells and reduced the cell viability by 40%. These results demonstrate the selective anticancer effects of rhLf against lung adenocarcinoma cells without cytotoxicity on normal human cells. This study highlights a potential for clinical utility of this novel rhLf in patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Olszewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Barbara Pazdrak
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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21
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Sun X, Zhang T, Cai Y, Yang K, Peng T, Liu R, Li XN. Tonkinensine B induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and inactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1397-1404. [PMID: 34313786 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tonkinensine B, a novel compound with cytisine-pterocarpan skeleton isolated from the root of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep, was reported to have a significant antitumor effect. The effect and intrinsic mechanism of tonkinensine B on tumour need to be further investigated. METHODS With the help of cell cytotoxicity, the effect of tonkinensine B on MDA-MB-231 cells was investigated. By observing mitochondrial function changes, the intrinsic mechanism was further studied. The levels of key apoptosis-associated proteins Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-9, caspase-3 and AKT in MDA-MB-231 cells were analysed to determine whether tonkinensine B caused apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway. KEY FINDINGS After treated with tonkinensine B, MDA-MB-231 cells multiplication was repressed, and the decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, loss of ATP synthesis and elevated ROS generation were detected. Furthermore, the proportions of Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 proteins production were up-regulated, indicating that tonkinensine B acted on intrinsic mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway. In addition, tonkinensine B also reduced phosphorylation levels of AKT, and thus the activation of apoptosis might likewise be correlated with the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS Tonkinensine B may be a hopeful candidate for human triple-negative breast cancer, and further structural optimization is expected to improve its anti-tumour activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanrong Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianwei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Renhao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Nuo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Qin R, Li C, Wang X, Zhong Z, Sun C. Identification and validation of an immune-related prognostic signature and key gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:378. [PMID: 34266418 PMCID: PMC8281689 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02066-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common pathological type of thyroid cancer. The effect of traditional anti-tumor therapy is not ideal for the patients with recurrence, metastasis and radioiodine resistance. The abnormal expression of immune-related genes (IRGs) has critical roles in the etiology of PTC. However, the effect of IRGs on PTC prognosis remains unclear. METHODS Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and ImmPort databases, we integrated IRG expression profiles and progression-free intervals (PFIs) of PTC patients. First, we identified the differentially expressed IRGs and transcription factors (TFs) in PTC. Subsequently, an IRG model that can predict the PFI was constructed by using univariate Cox regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses of the differentially expressed IRGs in the TCGA. Additionally, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network showed the interactions between the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and the top 30 genes with the highest degree were extracted from the network. Then, the key IRG was identified by the intersection analysis of the PPI network and univariate Cox regression, which was verified the differential expression of by western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). ssGSEA was performed to understand the correlation between the key IRG expression level and immune activity. RESULTS A total of 355 differentially expressed IRGs and 43 differentially expressed TFs were identified in PTC patients. Then, eight IRGs were finally utilized to construct an IRG model. The respective areas under the curve (AUCs) of the IRG model reached 0.948, 0.820, and 0.831 at 1, 3 and 5 years in the training set. In addition, lactotransferrin (LTF) was determined as the key IRG related to prognosis. The expression level of LTF in tumor tissues was significantly lower than that in normal tissues. And the results of ssGSEA showed the expression level of LTF is closely related to immune activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that the prognostic model and key IRG may become promising molecular markers for the prognosis of PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujia Qin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, 650118, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Chuanzheng Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery Section II, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Cancer Hospital, 519 Kunzhou Road, Kunming, 650118, China.
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23
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Li J, Yu J, Xue W, Huang H, Yan L, Sang F, An S, Zhang J, Wang M, Zhang J, Li H, Cui X, He J, Hu Y. The engineered expression of secreted HSPB5-Fc in CHO cells exhibits cytoprotection in vitro. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:39. [PMID: 34126963 PMCID: PMC8204567 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-021-00700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HSPB5 is an ATP-independent molecular chaperone that is induced by heat shock or other proteotoxic stresses. HSPB5 is cytoprotective against stress both intracellularly and extracellularly. It acts as a potential therapeutic candidate in ischemia-reperfusion and neurodegenerative diseases. Results In this paper, we constructed a recombinant plasmid that expresses and extracellularly secrets a HSPB5-Fc fusion protein (sHSPB5-Fc) at 0.42 μg/ml in CHO-K1 cells. This sHSPB5-Fc protein contains a Fc-tag at the C-terminal extension of HSPB5, facilitating protein-affinity purification. Our study shows that sHSPB5-Fc inhibits heat-induced aggregation of citrate synthase in a time and dose dependent manner in vitro. Administration of sHSPB5-Fc protects lens epithelial cells against cisplatin- or UVB-induced cell apoptosis. It also decreases GFP-Httex1-Q74 insolubility, and reduces the size and cytotoxicity of GFP-Httex1-Q74 aggregates in PC-12 cells. Conclusion This recombinant sHSPB5-Fc exhibits chaperone activity to protect cells against proteotoxicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-021-00700-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China.,Kaifeng Key Lab for Cataract and Myopia, Institute of Eye Disease, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wenxian Xue
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Huili Huang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Longjun Yan
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Fan Sang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shuangshuang An
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiukun Cui
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Jiang He
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Jin-Ming Road, Kaifeng, 475004, China. .,Kaifeng Key Lab for Cataract and Myopia, Institute of Eye Disease, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, China. .,Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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24
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Tong SJ, Zhang XY, Guo HF, Yang J, Qi YP, Lu S. Study on effects of miR-141-3p in proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of colon cancer cells by inhibiting Bcl2. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2526-2535. [PMID: 34086253 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02653-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between miR-141-3p and B lymphocyte-2 gene (Bcl2) gene and its biological behavior on colon cancer cell line SW480. METHODS qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of miR-141-3p in colon cancer tissues and adjacent tissues, as well as in colon cancer cell line and normal human colonic epithelial cell line FHC. MTT assay, wound assay, and Transwell demonstrated the effects of miR-141-3p on colon cancer proliferation, migration and invasion. Targetscan7.1 predictive software and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to detect the targeted regulation of miR-141-3p on the apoptosis-related gene Bcl2. MTT assay, wound assay, Transwell and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of Bcl2 on miR-141-3p on colon cancer proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. RESULTS Compared with adjacent tissues, the expression of miR-141-3p in colon cancer tissues was significantly down-regulated. Colon cancer patients with low expression of miR-141-3p had poorer prognosis. Compared with normal colonic epithelial cells, miR-141-3p expression was significantly down-regulated in colon cancer cell lines, and overexpression of miR-141-3p significantly attenuated the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. Knockdown of miR-141-3p significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. miR-141-3p targets the negative regulation of Bcl2. Knockdown of Bcl2 significantly attenuated the promotion of miR-141-3p inhibitor on proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells and inhibition of apoptosis. Knockdown of Bcl2 significantly enhanced the inhibition effect of miR-141-3p inhibitor on proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, miR-141-3p can inhibit the cancer by regulating Bcl2, and miR-141-3p has the potential to become a potential therapeutic target for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Tong
- Ward 1, Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University, No. 27 Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihaer City, 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - X Y Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University, Qiqihaer City, 161000, China
| | - H F Guo
- Ward 1, Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University, No. 27 Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihaer City, 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - J Yang
- Ward 1, Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University, No. 27 Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihaer City, 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Y P Qi
- Ward 1, Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University, No. 27 Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihaer City, 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - S Lu
- Ward 1, Department of General Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihaer Medical University, No. 27 Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihaer City, 161000, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Assani I, Du Y, Wang CG, Chen L, Hou PL, Zhao SF, Feng Y, Liu LF, Sun B, Li Y, Liao ZX, Huang RZ. Anti-proliferative effects of diterpenoids from Sagittaria trifolia L. tubers on colon cancer cells by targeting the NF-κB pathway. Food Funct 2021; 11:7717-7726. [PMID: 32789317 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00228c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new labdane-type diterpenoid, ent-19-ol-13-epi-manoyl oxide,19-undecane ester, together with ten known diterpenes, were isolated from the ethanolic crude extract of the fresh tubers of Sagittaria trifolia L. The chemical structures of these compounds were determined by extensive 2-D NMR experiments and by comparison with the data reported in the literature. These compounds showed different inhibitory effects on various human cancer cells. Among these, compound 11 exhibited potential inhibition effects against human colon cancer cells. Moreover, flow cytometry demonstrated that compound 11 arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase and induced cellular apoptosis, accompanied by mitochondrial membrane potential reduction. Mechanistic studies revealed that treatment with compound 11 inhibited IKKα/β phosphorylation and IκBα phosphorylation, which subsequently caused the blockage of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Compound 11 also inhibited the expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, and Bcl-2, the downstream targets of NF-κB. Therefore, our findings provided insight into the anticancer components of Sagittaria trifolia L. tubers, which could facilitate their utilization as functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israa Assani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Ying Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Chun-Gu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Pei-Lei Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Shi-Feng Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Ling-Fei Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Zhi-Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Ri-Zhen Huang
- College of Biotechnology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541100, China.
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Banupriya SK, Kavithaa K, Poornima A, Sumathi S. Mechanistic Study on Thymoquinone Conjugated ZnO Nanoparticles Mediated Cytotoxicity and Anticancer Activity in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:313-327. [PMID: 33845751 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210412104731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the current era, development of molecular techniques involves nanotechniques and the synthesis of nanoparticles is considered as the preferred field in nanotechnology. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present work is to analyze the anticancer activity of the thymoquinone conjugated ZnO nanoparticles and to understand its mechanism of action in triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. METHODS Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have extensive applications and it was synthesized using a chemical precipitation method. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major bioactive component of the seeds of Nigella sativa. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. Thymoquinone coated nanoparticles were checked for its efficiency. The cytotoxicity of ZnO, TQ and TQ conjugated ZnO nanoparticles against MDA-MB-231. Colony forming and cell migration assay were performed to measure the proliferative competence of the breast cancer cells on exposure to nanoparticles. The mechanism of apoptosis was probed by assessing MMP, interplay between ER stress and ROS. RESULTS The results of the characterization techniques confirmed the particles synthesized were ZnO and TQ-ZnO nanoparticles. pH dependent release of the compound was observed. Anti-proliferative effect that impairs the formation of colony was found to be enhanced in cells exposed to combined treatment with the nanoconjugate. CONCLUSION Hence, the TQ conjugated ZnO nanoparticles can act as an efficient carrier for drug delivery at the target site in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampath K Banupriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, TN. India
| | | | - Arumugam Poornima
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, TN. India
| | - Sundaravadivelu Sumathi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, TN. India
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Interaction of Lactoferrin with Unsaturated Fatty Acids: In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Human Lactoferrin/Oleic Acid Complex Cytotoxicity. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14071602. [PMID: 33805987 PMCID: PMC8037541 DOI: 10.3390/ma14071602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As shown recently, oleic acid (OA) in complex with lactoferrin (LF) causes the death of cancer cells, but no mechanism(s) of that toxicity have been disclosed. In this study, constitutive parameters of the antitumor effect of LF/OA complex were explored. Complex LF/OA was prepared by titrating recombinant human LF with OA. Spectral analysis was used to assess possible structural changes of LF within its complex with OA. Structural features of apo-LF did not change within the complex LF:OA = 1:8, which was toxic for hepatoma 22a cells. Cytotoxicity of the complex LF:OA = 1:8 was tested in cultured hepatoma 22a cells and in fresh erythrocytes. Its anticancer activity was tested in mice carrying hepatoma 22a. In mice injected daily with LF-8OA, the same tumor grew significantly slower. In 20% of animals, the tumors completely resolved. LF alone was less efficient, i.e., the tumor growth index was 0.14 for LF-8OA and 0.63 for LF as compared with 1.0 in the control animals. The results of testing from 48 days after the tumor inoculation showed that the survival rate among LF-8OA-treated animals was 70%, contrary to 0% rate in the control group and among the LF-treated mice. Our data allow us to regard the complex of LF and OA as a promising tool for cancer treatment.
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28
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Wei YS, Feng K, Li SF, Hu TG, Linhardt RJ, Zong MH, Wu H. Oral fate and stabilization technologies of lactoferrin: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6341-6358. [PMID: 33749401 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1900774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (Lf), a bioactive protein initially found in many biological secretions including milk, is regarded as the nutritional supplement or therapeutic ligand due to its multiple functions. Research on its mode of action reveals that intact Lf or its active peptide (i.e., lactoferricin) shows an important multifunctional performance. Oral delivery is considered as the most convenient administration route for this bioactive protein. Unfortunately, Lf is sensitive to the gastrointestinal (GI) physicochemical stresses and lactoferricin is undetectable in GI digesta. This review introduces the functionality of Lf at the molecular level and its degradation behavior in GI tract is discussed in detail. Subsequently, the absorption and transport of Lf from intestine into the blood circulation, which is pivotal to its health promoting effects in various tissues, and some assisting labeling methods are discussed. Stabilization technologies aiming at preserving the structural integrity and functional properties of orally administrated Lf are summarized and compared. Altogether, this work comprehensively reviews the structure-function relationship of Lf, its oral fate and the development of stabilization technologies for the enhancement of the oral bioavailability of Lf. The existing limitations and scope for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Shan Wei
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Feng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teng-Gen Hu
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Min-Hua Zong
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang Z, Jiang HJ, Yang HH, Ren JJ, Jiang GQ, Xu JY, Qin LQ. Growth differentiation factor-15 and lactoferrin immuno-expression in breast cancer: relationship with body iron-status and survival outcome. Biometals 2021; 34:303-313. [PMID: 33486678 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the expression of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and lactoferrin (Lf) in tumor and their relationship with the body iron-status and overall survival (OS) outcome of patients with breast cancer. A retrospective cohort study of female patients with primary breast cancer was performed. Clinical tumor samples from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between December 2008 and June 2014 were collected. The immuno-expression of GDF-15 and Lf was stratified into positive or negative expression. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression model were used for data analysis. 74 breast cancer patients with a mean age of 52 years were included into our study. 14 (18.9%) patients were died by the end of August 1, 2019. The serum iron level of patients with GDF-15 (+)/Lf(-) expression was higher than that of patients with other expression patterns (18.2 ± 5.4 vs. 15.5 ± 5.0 μmol/L, P = 0.038), but was not associated with OS. In univariate Cox analyses, GDF-15(+) and GDF-15(+)/Lf(-) were significantly correlated with high mortality risk (HR = 3.75, 95%CI 1.05-13.48, P = 0.025; HR = 5.00, 95%CI 1.56-16.04, P = 0.004, respectively). After adjusted for age, menopause status and primary tumor grade, the association between GDF-15 and OS disappeared. However, the association between GDF-15/Lf and OS still existed in GDF-15(+)/Lf(-) (HR = 4.50, 95%CI 1.31-15.51, P = 0.017). The combined immuno-expression pattern of GDF-15 and Lf was significant associated with high serum iron level. GDF-15/Lf could be a powerful biomarker to predict survival outcome of patients with breast cancer but still needed to be confirmed by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao-Jie Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan-Huan Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Jin Ren
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-Qin Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia-Ying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
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Ameliorative effect of recombinant human lactoferrin on the premature ovarian failure in rats after cyclophosphamide treatments. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:17. [PMID: 33478578 PMCID: PMC7821665 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF) on the premature ovarian failure (POF) of rats. After cyclophosphamide treatments, the POF rats were divided into the following groups: normal control group (NC), low-dose group (LD), medium-dose group (MD) and high-dose group (HD) of rhLF. After drug administrations, the ovarian indexes and hormonal levels were detected. After follicle number count, the proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed with the expressions of genes related with oogenesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis detected, followed by the calculation of oxidative stress and protein expressions. After 4-hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide (4-HC) treatments, the effect of rhLF on the proliferation, ROS production and gene expressions of primary rat granulosa cells (GCs) cultured in vitro were detected. After mating, the fertilities of POF rats were recorded. The result showed that the rhLF administrations up-regulated the ovarian index with the number of developing follicles increased and the decreases of hormonal levels conferred. The Ki-67 intensities of the MD and HD groups were up-regulated with the Tunnel intensities decreased. The rhLF treatments significantly promoted the expression of oogenesis, antioxidant and anti-apoptosis related genes. The expression of Bax and Caspase 3 were decreased with the expression of Bcl-2 up-regulated after rhLF administrations. The in vitro treatments of rhLF effectively conferred the toxicity of 4-HC on primary rat GCs. The fertility assessment showed the rhLF treatments up-regulated the offspring’s’ folliculogenesis, which confirmed the ameliorative role of rhLF on the POF damages via the inhibition of ROS production in GCs.
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Rascón-Cruz Q, Espinoza-Sánchez EA, Siqueiros-Cendón TS, Nakamura-Bencomo SI, Arévalo-Gallegos S, Iglesias-Figueroa BF. Lactoferrin: A Glycoprotein Involved in Immunomodulation, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Processes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26010205. [PMID: 33401580 PMCID: PMC7795860 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactoferrin is an iron binding glycoprotein with multiple roles in the body. Its participation in apoptotic processes in cancer cells, its ability to modulate various reactions of the immune system, and its activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms, including respiratory viruses, have made it a protein of broad interest in pharmaceutical and food research and industry. In this review, we have focused on describing the most important functions of lactoferrin and the possible mechanisms of action that lead to its function.
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Zhang Z, Lu M, Chen C, Tong X, Li Y, Yang K, Lv H, Xu J, Qin L. Holo-lactoferrin: the link between ferroptosis and radiotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:3167-3182. [PMID: 33537080 PMCID: PMC7847686 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Iron-saturated Lf (Holo-Lactoferrin, Holo-Lf) exhibits a superior anticancer property than low iron-saturated Lf (Apo-Lf). Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS). Radiotherapy also exerts its therapeutic effect through ROS. Methods: The effect of different iron-saturated Lf on ferroptosis and radiotherapy were tested on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 and non-TNBC cell line MCF-7. Results: Holo-Lf significantly increased the total iron content, promoted ROS generation, increased lipid peroxidation end product, malondialdehyde (MDA), and enhanced ferroptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. By contrast, Apo-Lf upregulated SLC7a11 expression, increased GSH generation and inhibited ferroptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells. However, non-TNBC MCF-7 cells were resistant to Holo-Lf-induced ferroptosis because MCF-7 cells have a higher redox balance capacity than MDA-MB-231 cells. More importantly, Holo-Lf downregulated HIF-1α expression, ameliorated the hypoxia microenvironment in subcutaneous MDA-MB-231 tumors, and promoted radiation-induced DNA damage to hypoxic MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, the efficacy of radiotherapy to MDA-MB-231 tumors was enhanced by Holo-Lf. Conclusion: Holo-Lf could induce ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells and sensitize MDA-MB-231 tumors to radiotherapy.
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Silva DES, Becceneri AB, Solcia MC, Santiago JVB, Moreira MB, Gomes Neto JA, Pavan FR, Cominetti MR, Pereira JCM, Netto AVG. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of ternary silver(i) complexes bearing 2-formylpyridine thiosemicarbazones and 1,10-phenanthroline. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:5264-5275. [PMID: 32242564 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00253d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
New silver(i) compounds containing 2-formylpyridine-N(4)-R-thiosemicarbazones and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic techniques (IR and NMR), elemental analysis, ESI-MS and molar conductance measurements. In these complexes, both phen and thiosemicarbazone ligands are coordinated in a chelating bidentate fashion. Compounds 1-3 not only showed good in vitro antiproliferative activity against human lung (A549) and breast tumor cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7), with IC50 values ranging from 1.49 to 20.90 μM, but were also demonstrated to be less toxic towards human breast non-tumor cells (MCF-10A). Cellular uptake studies indicated that compounds 1-3 were taken up by the MDA-MB-231 cells in 6 hours. Cell death assays in the MDA-MB-231 cells were conducted with compound 1 aiming to evaluate its effects on cell morphology, induction of apoptosis, the cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Compound 1 caused morphological changes, such as cell shrinkage and rounding, increased the sub-G1 phase population, and induced apoptotic cell death, ROS formation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). DNA binding results revealed that 1 interacted with the ct-DNA minor groove. Complexes 1-3 also exhibited good in vitro activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv, with MIC values ranging from 3.37 to 4.65 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora E S Silva
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Chemistry, CEP 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Amanda B Becceneri
- Department de Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Solcia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, CEP 14800-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - João V B Santiago
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Chemistry, CEP 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Mariete B Moreira
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Chemistry, CEP 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - José A Gomes Neto
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Chemistry, CEP 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando R Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP - São Paulo State University, CEP 14800-903 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia R Cominetti
- Department de Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, CEP 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - José C M Pereira
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Chemistry, CEP 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Adelino V G Netto
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Chemistry, CEP 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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Recombinant human lactoferrin carrying humanized glycosylation exhibits antileukemia selective cytotoxicity, microfilament disruption, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis activities. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:400-415. [PMID: 33063290 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-01020-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin has gained extensive attention due to its ample biological properties. In this study, recombinant human lactoferrin carrying humanized glycosylation (rhLf-h-glycan) expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris SuperMan5, which is genetically glycoengineered to efficiently produce functional humanized glycoproteins inclosing (Man)5(GlcNAc)2 Asn-linked glycans, was analyzed, inspecting its potential toxicity against cancer cells. The live-cell differential nuclear staining assay was used to quantify the rhLf-h-glycan cytotoxicity, which was examined in four human cell lines: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) CCRF-CEM, T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma SUP-T1, cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa, and as control, non-cancerous Hs27 cells. The defined CC50 values of rhLf-h-glycan in CCRF-CEM, SUP-T1, HeLa, and Hs27 cells were 144.45 ± 4.44, 548.47 ± 64.41, 350 ± 14.82, and 3359.07 ± 164 µg/mL, respectively. The rhLf-h-glycan exhibited a favorable selective cytotoxicity index (SCI), preferentially killing cancer cells: 23.25 for CCRF-CEM, 9.59 for HeLa, and 6.12 for SUP-T1, as compared with Hs27 cells. Also, rhLf-h-glycan showed significant antiproliferative activity (P < 0.0001) at 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation on CCRF-CEM cells. Additionally, it was observed via fluorescent staining and confocal microscopy that rhLf-h-glycan elicited apoptosis-associated morphological changes, such as blebbing, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and apoptotic bodies in ALL cells. Furthermore, rhLf-h-glycan-treated HeLa cells revealed shrinkage of the microfilament structures, generating a speckled/punctuated pattern and also caused PARP-1 cleavage, a hallmark of apoptosis. Moreover, in ALL cells, rhLf-h-glycan altered cell cycle progression inducing the G2/M phase arrest, and caused apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Overall, our findings revealed that rhLf-h-glycan has potential as an anticancer agent and therefore deserves further in vivo evaluation.
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Meneses-Brassea BP, Borrego EA, Blazer DS, Sanad MF, Pourmiri S, Gutierrez DA, Varela-Ramirez A, Hadjipanayis GC, El-Gendy AA. Ni-Cu Nanoparticles and Their Feasibility for Magnetic Hyperthermia. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10101988. [PMID: 33050215 PMCID: PMC7599664 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Ni-Cu nanoparticles have been synthesized by reducing Ni and Cu from metal precursors using a sol–gel route followed by annealing at 300 °C for 1, 2, 3, 6, 8, and 10 h for controlled self-regulating magnetic hyperthermia applications. Particle morphology and crystal structure revealed spherical nanoparticles with a cubic structure and an average size of 50, 60, 53, 87, and 87 nm for as-made and annealed samples at 300 °C for 1, 3, 6, and 10 h, respectively. Moreover, hysteresis loops indicated ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization (Ms) ranging from 13–20 emu/g at 300 K. Additionally, Zero-filed cooled and field cooled (ZFC-FC) curves revealed that each sample contains superparamagnetic nanoparticles with a blocking temperature (TB) of 196–260 K. Their potential use for magnetic hyperthermia was tested under the therapeutic limits of an alternating magnetic field. The samples exhibited a heating rate ranging from 0.1 to 1.7 °C/min and a significant dissipated heating power measured as a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 6–80 W/g. The heating curves saturated after reaching the Curie temperature (Tc), ranging from 30–61 °C within the therapeutic temperature limit. An in vitro cytotoxicity test of these Ni-Cu samples in biological tissues was performed via exposing human breast cancer MDA-MB231 cells to a gradient of concentrations of the sample with 53 nm particles (annealed at 300 °C for 3 h) and reviewing their cytotoxic effects. For low concentrations, this sample showed no toxic effects to the cells, revealing its biocompatibility to be used in the future for in vitro/in vivo magnetic hyperthermia treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca P. Meneses-Brassea
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (B.P.M.-B.); (D.S.B.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Edgar A. Borrego
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (E.A.B.); (D.A.G.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Dawn S. Blazer
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (B.P.M.-B.); (D.S.B.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Mohamed F. Sanad
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (B.P.M.-B.); (D.S.B.); (M.F.S.)
| | - Shirin Pourmiri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (S.P.); (G.C.H.)
| | - Denisse A. Gutierrez
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (E.A.B.); (D.A.G.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, the University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (E.A.B.); (D.A.G.); (A.V.-R.)
| | - George C. Hadjipanayis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (S.P.); (G.C.H.)
| | - Ahmed A. El-Gendy
- Department of Physics, the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, TX 79968, USA; (B.P.M.-B.); (D.S.B.); (M.F.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Espino J, Fernández-Delgado E, Estirado S, de la Cruz-Martinez F, Villa-Carballar S, Viñuelas-Zahínos E, Luna-Giles F, Pariente JA. Synthesis and structure of a new thiazoline-based palladium(II) complex that promotes cytotoxicity and apoptosis of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16745. [PMID: 33028870 PMCID: PMC7542172 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73488-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of different tumors but has high toxicity and side effects. Therefore, the synthesis of new chemotherapeutic agents is necessary, so that they are effective in the treatment of cancer while avoiding such toxicity. In this study, we have synthesized and characterized a palladium(II) complex, [PdCl2(µ-PyTT)2]Cl2·4H2O (PdPyTT), with 2-(2-pyridyl)imine-N-(2-thiazolin-2-yl)thiazolidine (PyTT) as a ligand; besides, its cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic capacity was tested in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line. Similar to cisplatin, PdPyTT produced a time- and dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Additionally, the palladium complex increased both the proportion of cells with apoptotic morphology and the activation of caspase-3 and -9. PdPyTT, like cisplatin, also increased intracellular ROS production and DNA oxidative damage. Therefore, our findings demonstrated the promising application of palladium(II) complexes as novel anti-leukemic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Espino
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Elena Fernández-Delgado
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Samuel Estirado
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Felipe de la Cruz-Martinez
- Departament of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry (Chemistry of Coordination Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Sergio Villa-Carballar
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Emilio Viñuelas-Zahínos
- Departament of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry (Chemistry of Coordination Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco Luna-Giles
- Departament of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry (Chemistry of Coordination Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José A Pariente
- Department of Physiology (Neuroimmunophysiology and Chrononutrition Research Group), Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
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Macașoi I, Pavel IZ, Moacă AE, Avram Ș, David VL, Coricovac D, Mioc A, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Șoica C, Dumitrașcu V, Dehelean C. Mechanistic investigations of antitumor activity of a Rhodamine B‑oleanolic acid derivative bioconjugate. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1169-1183. [PMID: 32705265 PMCID: PMC7388574 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a major health problem worldwide due to its high mortality rate. New therapeutic options highlight the importance of discovering new compounds that target the tumor microenvironment, interrupt angiogenesis and act selectively. The present study assessed the antitumor effect and investigated the mechanism of action of a rhodamine B-conjugated oleanolic acid derivative (RhodOA). Consequently, the compound was tested on different human tumor cell lines (A375 melanoma, A549 lung adenocarcinoma and MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma) and on a non-tumor cell line HaCaT human keratinocyte. RhodOA produced a dose-dependent decrease in tumor cell viability especially in the melanoma cells while affecting the keratinocytes less. In melanoma cells, RhodOA reduced cell migration and produced condensation of cell nuclei and of actin fibers. Furthermore, an impairment in melanoma cell mitochondrial function was observed, while the mitochondrial function of keratinocytes was left intact. In the in ovo chorioallantoic membrane model, RhodOA elicited antiangiogenic effect, without showing irritation effect on the membrane. The study provides information on the selective antitumor effect of the derivative and its ability to inhibit cellular respiration, therefore RhodOA can be classified as ‘MITOCAN’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Macașoi
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Zinuca Pavel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina Elena Moacă
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ștefana Avram
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Laurențiu David
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dorina Coricovac
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Victor Dumitrașcu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Department of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babes', University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Naleskina LA, Lukianova NY, Lozovska YV, Todor IM, Andrusishyna IM, Kunska LM, Chekhun VF. Changes of Morphological Characteristics and Metabolic Profile of Walker-256 Carcinosarcoma under the Impact of Exogenous Lactoferrin. CYTOL GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452720030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Donoso-Bustamante V, Borrego EA, Schiaffino-Bustamante Y, Gutiérrez DA, Millas-Vargas JP, Fuentes-Retamal S, Correa P, Carrillo I, Aguilera RJ, Miranda D, Chávez-Báez I, Pulgar R, Urra FA, Varela-Ramírez A, Araya-Maturana R. An acylhydroquinone derivative produces OXPHOS uncoupling and sensitization to BH3 mimetic ABT-199 (Venetoclax) in human promyelocytic leukemia cells. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103935. [PMID: 32454391 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since cancer cells have different mitochondrial bioenergetic requirements than non-cancerous cells, therapeutic inhibition of its mitochondrial functionality continues to be an important target for anticancer drug discovery. In this study, a series of acylhydroquinones with different acyl-chain length, and their chlorinated derivatives, in the aromatic ring, synthesized by Fries rearrangement under microwave irradiation, were evaluated for their anticancer activity in two leukemia cell lines. Findings from the primary and secondary screening of the 18 acylhydroquinones, tested at 5 µM on acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 and acute lymphoblastic leukemia CEM cells lines, identified an acylchlorohydroquinone (12) with a highly selective anti-proliferative effect toward HL-60 cells. This compound induced S-phase arrest in the cell cycle progression of HL-60 cells with insignificant toxicity on leukemic CEM cells and non-cancerous Hs27 cells. In HL-60 leukemic cells, 12 triggered increased mitochondrial NADH oxidation, increased respiration in presence of oligomycin (state 4o), mitochondrial depolarization, and ROS production, suggesting an uncoupling of OXPHOS. This provoked a metabolic adaptation dependent on AMPK/ACC/autophagy axis, having the mitochondrial β-oxidation a pro-survival role since the combination of 12 and etomoxir, a carnitine palmitoyl-transferase (CPT) inhibitor promoted extensive HL-60 cell death. Finally, 12-induced metabolic stress sensitized to HL-60 cells to cell death by the FDA-approved anti-leukemic drug ABT-199, a BH3 mimetic. Therefore, our results suggest that acylchlorohydroquinone is a promising scaffold in anti-promyelocytic leukemia drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Donoso-Bustamante
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Chile; Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico, Universidad de Talca, Chile
| | - Edgar A Borrego
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
| | | | - Denisse A Gutiérrez
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Fuentes-Retamal
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico, Universidad de Talca, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Correa
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ileana Carrillo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renato J Aguilera
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA
| | - Dante Miranda
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Chávez-Báez
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Genómica y Genética de Interacciones Biológicas, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Pulgar
- Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile; Laboratorio de Genómica y Genética de Interacciones Biológicas, INTA-Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Félix A Urra
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Armando Varela-Ramírez
- Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, USA.
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
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Cutone A, Rosa L, Ianiro G, Lepanto MS, Bonaccorsi di Patti MC, Valenti P, Musci G. Lactoferrin's Anti-Cancer Properties: Safety, Selectivity, and Wide Range of Action. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030456. [PMID: 32183434 PMCID: PMC7175311 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in cancer therapy, current treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, although beneficial, present attendant side effects and long-term sequelae, usually more or less affecting quality of life of the patients. Indeed, except for most of the immunotherapeutic agents, the complete lack of selectivity between normal and cancer cells for radio- and chemotherapy can make them potential antagonists of the host anti-cancer self-defense over time. Recently, the use of nutraceuticals as natural compounds corroborating anti-cancer standard therapy is emerging as a promising tool for their relative abundance, bioavailability, safety, low-cost effectiveness, and immuno-compatibility with the host. In this review, we outlined the anti-cancer properties of Lactoferrin (Lf), an iron-binding glycoprotein of the innate immune defense. Lf shows high bioavailability after oral administration, high selectivity toward cancer cells, and a wide range of molecular targets controlling tumor proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and metastasization. Of note, Lf is able to promote or inhibit cell proliferation and migration depending on whether it acts upon normal or cancerous cells, respectively. Importantly, Lf administration is highly tolerated and does not present significant adverse effects. Moreover, Lf can prevent development or inhibit cancer growth by boosting adaptive immune response. Finally, Lf was recently found to be an ideal carrier for chemotherapeutics, even for the treatment of brain tumors due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier, thus globally appearing as a promising tool for cancer prevention and treatment, especially in combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antimo Cutone
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (G.M.)
| | - Luigi Rosa
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (M.S.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Giusi Ianiro
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
| | - Maria Stefania Lepanto
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (M.S.L.); (P.V.)
| | | | - Piera Valenti
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (M.S.L.); (P.V.)
| | - Giovanni Musci
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, 86090 Pesche, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (G.M.)
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Lai WF, Wong WT. Roles of the actin cytoskeleton in aging and age-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 58:101021. [PMID: 31968269 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The integrity of the cytoskeleton is essential to diverse cellular processes such as phagocytosis and intracellular trafficking. Disruption of the organization and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton leads to age-associated symptoms and diseases, ranging from cancer to neurodegeneration. In addition, changes in the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton disrupt the functioning of not only somatic and stem cells but also gametes, resulting in aberrant embryonic development. Strategies to preserve the integrity and dynamics of the cytoskeleton are, therefore, potentially therapeutic to age-related disorders. The objective of this article is to revisit the current understanding of the roles played by the actin cytoskeleton in aging, and to review the opportunities and challenges for the transition of basic research into intervention development. It is hoped that, with the snapshot of evidence regarding changes in actin dynamics with advanced age, insights into future research directions can be attained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Fu Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenzhen University, PR China; School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
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Campbell A, Mohl JE, Gutierrez DA, Varela-Ramirez A, Boland T. Thermal Bioprinting Causes Ample Alterations of Expression of LUCAT1, IL6, CCL26, and NRN1L Genes and Massive Phosphorylation of Critical Oncogenic Drug Resistance Pathways in Breast Cancer Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:82. [PMID: 32154227 PMCID: PMC7047130 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting technology merges engineering and biological fields and together, they possess a great translational potential, which can tremendously impact the future of regenerative medicine and drug discovery. However, the molecular effects elicited by thermal inkjet bioprinting in breast cancer cells remains elusive. Previous studies have suggested that bioprinting can be used to model tissues for drug discovery and pharmacology. We report viability, apoptosis, phosphorylation, and RNA sequence analysis of bioprinted MCF7 breast cancer cells at separate timepoints post-bioprinting. An Annexin A5-FITC apoptosis stain was used in combination with flow cytometry at 2 and 24 h post-bioprinting. Antibody arrays using a Human phospho-MAPK array kit was performed 24 h post-bioprinting. RNA sequence analysis was conducted in samples collected at 2, 7, and 24 h post-bioprinting. The post-bioprinting cell viability averages were 77 and 76% at 24 h and 48 h, with 31 and 64% apoptotic cells at 2 and 24 h after bioprinting. A total of 21 kinases were phosphorylated in the bioprinted cells and 9 were phosphorylated in the manually seeded controls. The RNA seq analysis in the bioprinted cells identified a total of 12,235 genes, of which 9.7% were significantly differentially expressed. Using a ±2-fold change as the cutoff, 266 upregulated and 206 downregulated genes were observed in the bioprinted cells, with the following 5 genes uniquely expressed NRN1L, LUCAT1, IL6, CCL26, and LOC401585. This suggests that thermal inkjet bioprinting is stimulating large scale gene alterations that could potentially be utilized for drug discovery. Moreover, bioprinting activates key pathways implicated in drug resistance, cell motility, proliferation, survival, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleli Campbell
- Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Jonathon E Mohl
- Department of Mathematical Sciences and Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Denisse A Gutierrez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Armando Varela-Ramirez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Thomas Boland
- Metallurgical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
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Larrea tridentata Extract Mitigates Oxidative Stress-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8100427. [PMID: 31557847 PMCID: PMC6827101 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Creosote bush (Larrea tridentata; LT) leaves extracts were tested for their potential efficacy to mitigate cellular oxidative stress on human SH-SY5Y cells. Here, the differential nuclear staining assay, a bioimager system, and flow cytometric protocols, concurrently with several specific chemicals, were used to measure the percentage of cell viability and several facets implicated in the cytoprotective mechanism of LT extracts. Initially, three LT extracts, prepared with different solvents, ethanol, ethanol:water (e/w), and water, were tested for their capacity to rescue the viability of cells undergoing aggressive H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Results indicate that the LT extract prepared with a mixture of ethanol:water (LT-e/w; 60:40% v/v) displayed the most effective cytoprotection rescue activity. Interestingly, by investigating the LT-e/w mechanism of action, it was found that LT-e/w extract decreases the levels of H2O2-provoked reactive oxidative species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial depolarization, phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-3/7 activation, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage significantly, which are hallmarks of apoptosis. Thus, out of the three LT extracts tested, our findings highlight that the LT-e/w extract was the most effective protective reagent on SH-SY5Y cells undergoing oxidative stress in vitro, functioning as a natural anti-apoptotic extract. These findings warrant further LT-e/w extract examination in a holistic context.
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Solis LH, Ayala Y, Portillo S, Varela-Ramirez A, Aguilera R, Boland T. Thermal inkjet bioprinting triggers the activation of the VEGF pathway in human microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Biofabrication 2019; 11:045005. [PMID: 31151129 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab25f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One biofabrication process that has gained tremendous momentum in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is cell-printing or most commonly bioprinting. We have shown that thermal inkjet bioprinted human microvascular endothelial cells were recruited or otherwise involved in the formation of microvasculature to form graft-host anastomoses upon implantation. The present study aims to quantify and characterize the expression and activation of specific cytokines and kinases in vitro. Morphological characteristics demonstrate elongated protrusions of TIB-HMVECs at 5-6 times the size of manually pipetted cells. Moreover, annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide apoptosis assay via flow cytometry demonstrated a 75% apoptosis among printed cells as compared to among control cells. Cell viability at a 3 d incubation period was significantly higher for printed cells as compared to control. Milliplex magnetic bead panels confirmed significant overexpression of HSP70, IL-1α, VEGF-A, IL-8, and FGF-1 of printed cells compared to control. In addition, a Human phospho-kinase array displayed a significant over activation of the heat-shock proteins HSP27 and HSP60 of printed cells compared to the manually seeded cells. Collectively, it is suggested that the massive appearance of capillary blood vessels upon implantation that has been reported elsewhere may be due to the activation of the HSP-NF-κB pathway to produce VEGF. This cell activation may be used as a new strategy for vascularization of tissue engineered constructs which are in high demand in regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis H Solis
- Department of Metallurgical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States of America. Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States of America
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