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Shi V, Morgan EF. Estrogen and estrogen receptors mediate the mechanobiology of bone disease and repair. Bone 2024; 188:117220. [PMID: 39106937 PMCID: PMC11392539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
It is well understood that the balance of bone formation and resorption is dependent on both mechanical and biochemical factors. In addition to cell-secreted cytokines and growth factors, sex hormones like estrogen are critical to maintaining bone health. Although the direct osteoprotective function of estrogen and estrogen receptors (ERs) has been reported extensively, evidence that estrogen signaling also has a role in mediating the effects of mechanical loading on maintenance of bone mass and healing of bone injuries has more recently emerged. Recent studies have underscored the role of estrogen and ERs in many pathways of bone mechanosensation and mechanotransduction. Estrogen and ERs have been shown to augment integrin-based mechanotransduction as well as canonical Wnt/b-catenin, RhoA/ROCK, and YAP/TAZ pathways. Estrogen and ERs also influence the mechanosensitivity of not only osteocytes but also osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and marrow stromal cells. The current review will highlight these roles of estrogen and ERs in cellular mechanisms underlying bone mechanobiology and discuss their implications for management of osteoporosis and bone fractures. A greater understanding of the mechanisms behind interactions between estrogen and mechanical loading may be crucial to addressing the shortcomings of current hormonal and pharmaceutical therapies. A combined therapy approach including high-impact exercise therapy may mitigate adverse side effects and allow an effective long-term solution for the prevention, treatment, and management of bone fragility in at-risk populations. Furthermore, future implications to novel local delivery mechanisms of hormonal therapy for osteoporosis treatment, as well as the effects on bone health of applications of sex hormone therapy outside of bone disease, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA
| | - Elise F Morgan
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA; Center for Multiscale and Translational Mechanobiology, Boston University, 44 Cummington St, Boston 02215, MA, USA.
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Chen Y, Xiao H, Liu Z, Teng F, Yang A, Geng B, Sheng X, Xia Y. Sirt1: An Increasingly Interesting Molecule with a Potential Role in Bone Metabolism and Osteoporosis. Biomolecules 2024; 14:970. [PMID: 39199358 PMCID: PMC11352324 DOI: 10.3390/biom14080970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, decreased bone mineral density, and degradation of bone tissue microarchitecture. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of bone remodeling and factors affecting bone mass remains incomplete. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase that regulates a variety of cellular metabolisms, including inflammation, tumorigenesis, and bone metabolism. Recent studies have emphasized the important role of SIRT1 in bone homeostasis. This article reviews the role of SIRT1 in bone metabolism and OP and also discusses therapeutic strategies and future research directions for targeting SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Hefang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zirui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Bin Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaoyun Sheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yayi Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.C.); (H.X.); (Z.L.); (F.T.); (A.Y.); (B.G.)
- Orthopedic Clinical Medical Research Center and Intelligent Orthopedic Industry Technology Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730030, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
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Niu H, Zhou M, Xu X, Xu X. Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue as a Critical Regulator of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis - A Concise Review. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:1259-1272. [PMID: 39011312 PMCID: PMC11249116 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s466446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a major health problem affecting millions of women worldwide. PMOP patients are often accompanied by abnormal accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). BMAT is a critical regulator of bone homeostasis, and an increasing BMAT volume is negatively associated with bone mass reduction or fracture. BMAT regulates bone metabolism via adipokines, cytokines and the immune system, but the specific mechanisms are largely unknown. This review emphasizes the impact of estrogen deficiency on bone homeostasis and BMAT expansion, and the mechanism by which BMAT regulates PMOP, providing a promising strategy for targeting BMAT in preventing and treating PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Niu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Minfeng Zhou
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Fruit Vegetable Processing Quality Control (Huazhong Agricultural University), School of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Waykar TR, Mandlik SK, Mandlik DS. Sirtuins: exploring next-gen therapeutics in the pathogenesis osteoporosis and associated diseases. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2024; 46:277-301. [PMID: 38318808 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2024.2315418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoporosis poses a substantial public health challenge due to an ageing population and the lack of adequate treatment options. The condition is marked by a reduction in bone mineral density, resulting in an elevated risk of fractures. The reduction in bone density and strength, as well as musculoskeletal issues that come with aging, present a significant challenge for individuals impacted by these conditions, as well as the healthcare system worldwide. METHODS Literature survey was conducted until May 2023 using databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. RESULT Sirtuins 1-7 (SIRT1-SIRT7), which are a group of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases, possess remarkable capabilities to increase lifespan and combat diseases related to aging. Research has demonstrated that these proteins play an important role in regular skeletal development and maintenance by directly impacting bone cells. Their dysfunction could be a factor in various bone conditions. Studies conducted on animals before clinical trials have shown that administering Sirtuins agonists to mice provides a safeguard against osteoporosis resulting from aging, menopause, and immobilization. These findings imply that Sirtuins may be a viable target for addressing the irregularity in bone remodeling and treating osteoporosis and other skeletal ailments. CONCLUSION The purpose of this review was to present a thorough and current evaluation of the existing knowledge on Sirtuins biology, with a particular emphasis on their involvement in maintaining bone homeostasis and contributing to osteoporosis. Additionally, the review examines potential pharmacological interventions targeting Sirtuins for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejal R Waykar
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Satish K Mandlik
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
| | - Deepa S Mandlik
- Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India
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Bacharach T, Kaushansky N, Shlush LI. Age-related micro-environmental changes as drivers of clonal hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:53-57. [PMID: 38133628 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Both aging and reduced diversity at the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) level are ubiquitous. What remains unclear is why some individuals develop clonal hematopoiesis (CH), and why does CH due to specific mutations occur in specific individuals. Much like aging, reduced diversity of HSCs is a complex phenotype shaped by numerous factors (germline & environment). The purpose of the current review is to discuss the role of two other age-related ubiquitous processes that might contribute to the dynamics and characteristics of losing HSC diversity and the evolution of CH. These processes have not been reviewed in depth so far and include the accumulation of fatty bone marrow (FBM), and the decline in sex hormones. RECENT FINDINGS Interestingly, sex hormone decline can directly shape HSC function, but also reshape the delicate balance of BM supporting cells, with a shift towards FBM. FBM accumulation can shape the clonal expansion of preleukemic mutations, particularly DNMT3A mutations, through IL-6 mediation. DNMT3A mutations are one of the only preleukemic mutations which is more prevalent in women, and especially in women with early menopause, demonstrating an association between age-related hormone decline and CH evolution, the mechanisms of which are yet to be discovered. SUMMARY Aging is a multifactorial phenotype and the same is true for the aging of the blood system. While many factors which can shape CH have been discussed, we shed more light on FBM and sex hormone decline. Much more is missing: how and should we even try to prevent these phenomena? Why do they occur? and how they are connected to other age-related blood factors?
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Bacharach
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
| | - Nathali Kaushansky
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
| | - Liran I Shlush
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Li J, Lu L, Liu L, Wang C, Xie Y, Li H, Tian L, Yu X. The unique role of bone marrow adipose tissue in ovariectomy-induced bone loss in mice. Endocrine 2024; 83:77-91. [PMID: 37682419 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is always seen in osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency. Herein, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms and consequences of this phenomenon by establishing a mouse model of osteoporosis caused by ovariectomy (OVX)-mimicked estrogen deficiency. METHODS Micro-CT, osmium tetroxide staining, and histological analyses were performed to examine the changes in bone microstructure, BMAT and white adipose tissue (WAT) in OVX mice compared to sham mice. The osteogenesis and adipogenesis of primary bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) isolated from sham and OVX mice were compared in vitro. The molecular phenotypes of BMAT and WAT were determined and compared by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Bone marrow adipocyte-conditioned medium (BMA CM) was prepared from sham or OVX mice for coculture assays, and BMSCs or bone marrow monocytes/macrophages (BMMs) were isolated and subjected to osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation, respectively. Cell staining and qPCR were used to assess the effects of BMAT on bone metabolism. RESULTS OVX-induced estrogen deficiency induced reductions in both cortical and trabecular bone mass along with an expansion of BMAT volume. At the cellular level, loss of estrogen inhibited BMSC osteogenesis and promoted BMSC adipogenesis, whereas addition of estradiol exerted the opposite effects. In response to estrogen deficiency, despite the common proinflammatory molecular phenotype observed in both fat depots, BMAT, unlike WAT, unexpectedly exhibited an increase in adipocyte differentiation and lipolytic activity as well as the maintenance of insulin sensitivity. Importantly, BMAT, but not WAT, presented increased mRNA levels of both BMP receptor inhibitors (Grem1, Chrdl1) and Rankl following OVX. In addition, treatment with BMA CM, especially from OVX mice, suppressed the osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs while favoring the osteoclast differentiation of BMMs. CONCLUSION Our study illustrates that OVX-induced estrogen deficiency results in bone loss and BMAT expansion by triggering imbalance between the osteogenesis and adipogenesis of BMSCs. Furthermore, expanded BMAT, unlike typical WAT, may negatively regulate bone homeostasis through paracrine inhibition of osteoblast-mediated bone formation and promotion of osteoclast-mediated bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Tian
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Karolczak K, Watala C. Estradiol as the Trigger of Sirtuin-1-Dependent Cell Signaling with a Potential Utility in Anti-Aging Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13753. [PMID: 37762053 PMCID: PMC10530977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging entails the inevitable loss of the structural and functional integrity of cells and tissues during the lifetime. It is a highly hormone-dependent process; although, the exact mechanism of hormone involvement, including sex hormones, is unclear. The marked suppression of estradiol synthesis during menopause suggests that the hormone may be crucial in maintaining cell lifespan and viability in women. Recent studies also indicate that the same may be true for men. Similar anti-aging features are attributed to sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), which may possibly be linked at the molecular level with estradiol. This finding may be valuable for understanding the aging process, its regulation, and possible prevention against unhealthy aging. The following article summarizes the initial studies published in this field with a focus on age-associated diseases, like cancer, cardiovascular disease and atherogenic metabolic shift, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and muscle damage, as well as neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Karolczak
- Department of Haemostatic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
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Wang YN, Yu L, Wang T, Liu S. Apolipoprotein E facilitates titanium implant osseointegration by regulating osteogenesis-lipogenesis balance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123998. [PMID: 36906203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE), a protein closely related to various metabolic diseases, is recently considered to play an essential role in bone metabolism. However, the effect and mechanism of ApoE on implant osseointegration have not been clarified. This study aims to investigate the influence of additional ApoE supplementation in regulating the osteogenesis-lipogenesis balance on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) cultured on titanium surface, and the effect of ApoE on the osseointegration of titanium implants. In vivo, the bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) and the bone-implant contact (BIC) significantly elevated in the exogenous supplement of ApoE group, compared with the Normal group. Meanwhile, the adipocyte area proportion around the implant dramatically decreased after 4-week healing. In vitro, the additional ApoE substantially drove the osteogenic differentiation of BMMSCs cultured on the titanium surface and inhibit their lipogenic differentiation as well as lipid droplet accumulation. These results suggest that ApoE, by mediating the differentiation of stem cells on the surface of titanium with this macromolecular protein, is deeply involved in facilitating titanium implant osseointegration, which reveals the potential mechanism and proposes a promising solution for further improving the osseointegration of titanium implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of General Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shiyue Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Kim DY, Ko SH. Common Regulators of Lipid Metabolism and Bone Marrow Adiposity in Postmenopausal Women. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:322. [PMID: 37259464 PMCID: PMC9967016 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A variety of metabolic disorders are associated with a decrease in estradiol (E2) during natural or surgical menopause. Postmenopausal women are prone to excessive fat accumulation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue due to the loss of E2 via abnormalities in lipid metabolism and serum lipid levels. In skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, genes related to energy metabolism and fatty acid oxidation, such as those encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) and estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα), are downregulated, leading to increased fat synthesis and lipid metabolite accumulation. The same genes regulate lipid metabolism abnormalities in the bone marrow. In this review, abnormalities in lipid metabolism caused by E2 deficiency were investigated, with a focus on genes able to simultaneously regulate not only skeletal muscle and adipose tissue but also bone metabolism (e.g., genes encoding PGC-1α and ERRα). In addition, the mechanisms through which mesenchymal stem cells lead to adipocyte differentiation in the bone marrow as well as metabolic processes related to bone marrow adiposity, bone loss, and osteoporosis were evaluated, focusing on the loss of E2 and lipid metabolic alterations. The work reviewed here suggests that genes underlying lipid metabolism and bone marrow adiposity are candidate therapeutic targets for bone loss and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Yong Kim
- CEO, N- BIOTEK, Inc., 402-803, Technopark, 655, Pyeongcheon-ro, Bucheon-si 14502, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hee Ko
- Regenerative Medicine Research Team, N- BIOTEK, Inc., 104-706, Technopark Ssangyong 3Cha, 397, Seokcheon-ro, Bucheon-si 14449, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Ali D, Figeac F, Caci A, Ditzel N, Schmal C, Kerckhofs G, Havelund J, Færgeman N, Rauch A, Tencerova M, Kassem M. High-fat diet-induced obesity augments the deleterious effects of estrogen deficiency on bone: Evidence from ovariectomized mice. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13726. [PMID: 36217558 PMCID: PMC9741509 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies have suggested that obesity complicated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes exerts deleterious effects on the skeleton. While obesity coexists with estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women, their combined effects on the skeleton are poorly studied. Thus, we investigated the impact of high-fat diet (HFD) on bone and metabolism of ovariectomized (OVX) female mice (C57BL/6J). OVX or sham operated mice were fed either HFD (60%fat) or normal diet (10%fat) for 12 weeks. HFD-OVX group exhibited pronounced increase in body weight (~86% in HFD and ~122% in HFD-OVX, p < 0.0005) and impaired glucose tolerance. Bone microCT-scanning revealed a pronounced decrease in trabecular bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) (-15.6 ± 0.48% in HFD and -37.5 ± 0.235% in HFD-OVX, p < 0.005) and expansion of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT; +60.7 ± 9.9% in HFD vs. +79.5 ± 5.86% in HFD-OVX, p < 0.005). Mechanistically, HFD-OVX treatment led to upregulation of genes markers of senescence, bone resorption, adipogenesis, inflammation, downregulation of gene markers of bone formation and bone development. Similarly, HFD-OVX treatment resulted in significant changes in bone tissue levels of purine/pyrimidine and Glutamate metabolisms, known to play a regulatory role in bone metabolism. Obesity and estrogen deficiency exert combined deleterious effects on bone resulting in accelerated cellular senescence, expansion of BMAT and impaired bone formation leading to decreased bone mass. Our results suggest that obesity may increase bone fragility in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ali
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Atenisa Caci
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Nicholas Ditzel
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Clarissa Schmal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Biomechanics Section, Department of Mechanical EngineeringKU LeuvenHeverleeBelgium
| | - Jesper Havelund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Nils Færgeman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical SciencesUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Alexander Rauch
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Steno Diabetes Center OdenseOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Molecular Endocrinology & Stem Cell Research Unit (KMEB) Odense University HospitalUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Danish Stem Cell Centre (DanStem)University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Little-Letsinger SE, Rubin J, Diekman B, Rubin CT, McGrath C, Pagnotti GM, Klett EL, Styner M. Exercise to Mend Aged-tissue Crosstalk in Bone Targeting Osteoporosis & Osteoarthritis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:22-35. [PMID: 34489173 PMCID: PMC8840966 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging induces alterations in bone structure and strength through a multitude of processes, exacerbating common aging- related diseases like osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Cellular hallmarks of aging are examined, as related to bone and the marrow microenvironment, and ways in which these might contribute to a variety of age-related perturbations in osteoblasts, osteocytes, marrow adipocytes, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and their respective progenitors. Cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic and intracellular communication changes are central pathways and recognized as associated and potentially causal in aging. We focus on these in musculoskeletal system and highlight knowledge gaps in the literature regarding cellular and tissue crosstalk in bone, cartilage, and the bone marrow niche. While senolytics have been utilized to target aging pathways, here we propose non-pharmacologic, exercise-based interventions as prospective "senolytics" against aging effects on the skeleton. Increased bone mass and delayed onset or progression of osteoporosis and osteoarthritis are some of the recognized benefits of regular exercise across the lifespan. Further investigation is needed to delineate how cellular indicators of aging manifest in bone and the marrow niche and how altered cellular and tissue crosstalk impact disease progression, as well as consideration of exercise as a therapeutic modality, as a means to enhance discovery of bone-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- SE Little-Letsinger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - J Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - B Diekman
- Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Joint Departments of Biomedical Engineering NC State & University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - CT Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook
| | - C McGrath
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - GM Pagnotti
- Dept of Endocrine, Neoplasia, and Hormonal Disorders, University Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - EL Klett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - M Styner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,North Carolina Diabetes Research Center (NCDRC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center (TARC), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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12
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Artsi H, Cohen-Kfir E, Shahar R, Kalish-Achrai N, Lishinsky N, Dresner-Pollak R. SIRT1 haplo-insufficiency results in reduced cortical bone thickness, increased porosity and decreased estrogen receptor alpha in bone in adult 129/Sv female mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1032262. [PMID: 36568088 PMCID: PMC9768543 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1032262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a key player in aging and metabolism and regulates bone mass and architecture. Sexual dimorphism in skeletal effects of SIRT1 has been reported, with an unfavorable phenotype primarily in female mice. METHODS To investigate the mechanisms of gender differences in SIRT1 skeletal effect, we investigated femoral and vertebral cortical and cancellous bone in global Sirt1 haplo-insufficient 129/Sv mice aged 2,7,12 months lacking Sirt1 exons 5,6,7 (Sirt1+/Δ ) and their wild type (WT) counterparts. RESULTS In females, femoral bone mineral content, peak cortical thickness, and trabecular bone volume (BV/TV%), number and thickness were significantly lower in Sirt1+/Δ compared to WT mice. Increased femoral cortical porosity was observed in 7-month-old Sirt1+/Δ compared to WT female mice, accompanied by reduced biomechanical strength. No difference in vertebral indices was detected between Sirt1+/Δ and WT female mice. SIRT1 decreased with aging in WT female mice and was lower in vertebrae and femur in 18- and 30- versus 3-month-old 129/Sv and C57BL/6J female mice, respectively. Decreased bone estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) was observed in Sirt1+/Δ compared to WT female mice and was significantly higher in Sirt1 over-expressing C3HT101/2 murine mesenchymal stem cells. In males no difference in femoral indices was detected in Sirt1+/Δ versus WT mice, however vertebral BV/TV%, trabecular number and thickness were higher in Sirt1+/Δ vs. WT mice. No difference in androgen receptor (AR) was detected in bone in Sirt1+/Δ vs. WT male mice. Bone SIRT1 was significantly lower in male compared to female WT mice, suggesting that SIRT1 maybe more significant in female than male skeleton. DISCUSSION These findings demonstrate that 50% reduction in SIRT1 is sufficient to induce the hallmarks of skeletal aging namely, decreased cortical thickness and increased porosity in female mice, highlighting the role of SIRT1 as a regulator of cortical bone quantity and quality. The effects of SIRT1 in cortical bone are likely mediated in part by its regulation of ERα. The age-associated decline in bone SIRT1 positions SIRT1 as a potential therapeutic target to ameliorate age-related cortical bone deterioration in females. The crosstalk between ERα, AR and SIRT1 in the bone microenvironment remains to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Artsi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Einav Cohen-Kfir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ron Shahar
- Laboratory of Bone Biomechanics, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noga Kalish-Achrai
- Laboratory of Bone Biomechanics, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Natan Lishinsky
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rivka Dresner-Pollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: Rivka Dresner-Pollak,
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13
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Chen L, Ma R, Luo P, Shi D, Shi X, Nian H, Chang SX, Yuan W, Li GW. Effects of Total Flavonoids of Epimedium on Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in Ovariectomized Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:900816. [PMID: 35733771 PMCID: PMC9207204 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.900816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue has brown fat characteristics. Several studies have demonstrated that total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE) could prevent bone loss and reduce the white adiposity in bone marrow induced by ovariectomy (OVX) in rats. However, the effects of TFE on marrow brown fat in OVX rats remain unclear. In this word, we addressed this question expected to provide a new target for preventing and treating osteoporosis. Thirty-six 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into Sham controls, OVX controls, and OVX treated with TFE. Chemical shift coding magnetic resonance was performed to detect marrow fat fraction at the left femur at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks post-OVX. Bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and femur was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Serum bone biomarkers by ELISA, trabecular bone microarchitecture at the proximal tibia by micro-CT, quantitative parameters of marrow adipocyte by hematoxylin, and eosin staining were evaluated. The marrow adipocyte gene and protein expressions profile were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and immunostaining in whole tibiae. We found that TFE treatment could decrease bone turnover rate and improved bone mineral density and trabecular microarchitecture in OVX rats. OVX resulted in marrow adipogenesis as evidenced by increased marrow fat fraction, larger marrow adipocyte size, increased adipocyte number and percentage of adipocyte area, marrow white adipocyte gene, and protein expression, including PPARγ2 and FABP4. These pathological changes induced by estrogen deficiency were restored by TFE treatment. TFE also increased brown adipocyte expressions of the transcription factor Ucp1 and Prdm16 in whole tibiae. There was no detectible protein expression of brown adipocyte markers in the proximal tibia. Taken together, TFE regulation of bone marrow adiposity in OVX rats is mediated, at least in part, via maintaining the reciprocity of white and brown adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Nian
- Department of Pharmacy, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Xin Chang
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shi-Xin Chang, ; Wei Yuan, ; Guan-Wu Li,
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shi-Xin Chang, ; Wei Yuan, ; Guan-Wu Li,
| | - Guan-Wu Li
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Shi-Xin Chang, ; Wei Yuan, ; Guan-Wu Li,
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14
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Ali D, Tencerova M, Figeac F, Kassem M, Jafari A. The pathophysiology of osteoporosis in obesity and type 2 diabetes in aging women and men: The mechanisms and roles of increased bone marrow adiposity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:981487. [PMID: 36187112 PMCID: PMC9520254 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.981487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Osteoporosis incidence increases with age in both post-menopausal women and aging men. Among other important contributing factors to bone fragility observed in osteoporosis, that also affect the elderly population, are metabolic disturbances observed in obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). These metabolic complications are associated with impaired bone homeostasis and a higher fracture risk. Expansion of the Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue (BMAT), at the expense of decreased bone formation, is thought to be one of the key pathogenic mechanisms underlying osteoporosis and bone fragility in obesity and T2D. Our review provides a summary of mechanisms behind increased Bone Marrow Adiposity (BMA) during aging and highlights the pre-clinical and clinical studies connecting obesity and T2D, to BMA and bone fragility in aging osteoporotic women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ali
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ali, ; Abbas Jafari,
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ali, ; Abbas Jafari,
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15
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Dadwal UC, Bhatti FUR, Awosanya OD, de Andrade Staut C, Nagaraj RU, Perugini AJ, Tewari NP, Valuch CR, Sun S, Mendenhall SK, Zhou D, Mostardo SL, Blosser RJ, Li J, Kacena MA. The Effects of SRT1720 Treatment on Endothelial Cells Derived from the Lung and Bone Marrow of Young and Aged, Male and Female Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11097. [PMID: 34681756 PMCID: PMC8540697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for successful fracture healing. Age-related alterations in endothelial cells (ECs) may cause impaired bone healing. Therefore, examining therapeutic treatments to improve angiogenesis in aging may enhance bone healing. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is highly expressed in ECs and its activation is known to counteract aging. Here, we examined the effects of SRT1720 treatment (SIRT1 activator) on the growth and function of bone marrow and lung ECs (BMECs and LECs, respectively), derived from young (3-4 month) and old (20-24 month) mice. While aging did not alter EC proliferation, treatment with SRT1720 significantly increased proliferation of all LECs. However, SRT1720 only increased proliferation of old female BMECs. Vessel-like tube assays showed similar vessel-like structures between young and old LECs and BMECs from both male and female mice. SRT1720 significantly improved vessel-like structures in all LECs. No age, sex, or treatment differences were found in migration related parameters of LECs. In males, old BMECs had greater migration rates than young BMECs, whereas in females, old BMECs had lower migration rates than young BMECs. Collectively, our data suggest that treatment with SRT1720 appears to enhance the angiogenic potential of LECs irrespective of age or sex. However, its role in BMECs is sex- and age-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushashi Chand Dadwal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Fazal Ur Rehman Bhatti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Olatundun Dupe Awosanya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Caio de Andrade Staut
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Rohit U. Nagaraj
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Anthony Joseph Perugini
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Nikhil Prasad Tewari
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Conner Riley Valuch
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (C.R.V.); (J.L.)
| | - Seungyup Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Stephen Kyle Mendenhall
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Donghui Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Sarah Lyn Mostardo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Rachel Jean Blosser
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jiliang Li
- Department of Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (C.R.V.); (J.L.)
| | - Melissa Ann Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (U.C.D.); (F.U.R.B.); (O.D.A.); (C.d.A.S.); (R.U.N.); (A.J.P.III); (N.P.T.); (S.S.); (S.K.M.); (D.Z.); (S.L.M.); (R.J.B.)
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Hajializadeh Z, Khaksari M. The protective effects of 17-β estradiol and SIRT1 against cardiac hypertrophy: a review. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:725-738. [PMID: 34537933 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
One of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide is cardiac hypertrophy (CH), which leads to heart failure. Sex differences in CH can be caused by sex hormones or their receptors. The incidence of CH increases in postmenopausal women due to the decrease in female sex hormone 17-β estradiol (E2) during menopause. E2 and its receptors inhibit CH in humans and animal models. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a NAD+-dependent HDAC (histone deacetylase) and plays a major role in biological processes, such as inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress responses. Probably SIRT1 because of these effects, is one of the main suppressors of CH and has a cardioprotective effect. On the other hand, estrogen and its agonists are highly efficient in modulating SIRT1 expression. In the present study, we review the protective effects of E2 and SIRT1 against CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajializadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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17
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Abstract
Skeletal remodeling is essential for proper maintenance of adult bone mass, and due to its heavy energetic demands this process is closely tied to whole body metabolic. Thus, bone formation by the osteoblast, bone resorption by the osteoclast, and mechano-sensing by the osteocyte, are highly coupled processes that are essential for bone turnover. When one experiences a disruption in these processes, over time increased skeletal fragility and fracture can result. In addition to these primary cells, secondary cells within the skeletal niche are suspected to directly coordinate bone health as well. The bone marrow compartment provides a unique microenvironment in which communication occurs between white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and immune cells, in addition to classic bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes) that can both directly and indirectly impact skeletal homeostasis. One such cell population that has attracted much attention and scientific inquiry in the past decade are bone marrow adipocytes (BMAdipo) which can be found interspersed throughout the marrow compartment, and collectively are often referred to as bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). Although our understanding of BMAT has advanced significantly in the past decade, many questions remain relative to their lineage and function. The current collection presents recent studies and the up-to-date understanding of bone marrow adipocytes, along with future clinical perspectives related to this unique depot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Nandy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rendina-Ruedy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Center for Bone Biology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA; Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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18
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Jiang X, Chen Z, Yu X, Chen J, Sun C, Jing C, Xu L, Liu F, Ni W, Chen L. Lipopolysaccharide-induced depression is associated with estrogen receptor-α/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway in old female mice. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105097. [PMID: 34119591 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the influence of sex/age on depressive-like behaviors in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice model, and explore the underlying mechanisms. Tail suspension test and forced swimming test were used to evaluate the depressive-like behaviors. SIRT1 mRNA expression was assessed by PCR. Levels of 17β-estradiol (E2), SIRT1, NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the behavior tests, under the same LPS stimulation, significant depressive-like behavior was observed in young male mice but not in young female mice, however, female mice were more likely to be depressed than male mice in the old age. Moreover, we found age-related depression difference existed only in female mice. In the experiments of mechanism exploration in old female mice, E2 improved LPS-induced depressive-like behavior, and simultaneously elevated SIRT1 levels and downregulated expressions of NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Interestingly, ERα inhibition, not ERβ inhibition, abolished E2's function. Additionally, SIRT1 antagonist also reversed E2's effects on depressive-like behavior and the expressions of NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines. These results suggested that E2 could protect the old female mice from depression via E2/ERα/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway. In other words, LPS-induced depression was associated with ER-α/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway in old female mice. By comparing the results of mechanism exploration in old male mice and old female mice and the different expression levels of E2, SIRT1, NF-κB and inflammatory cytokines in young female mice and old female mice, we speculate that the age or gender-related depression difference may be associated with the different activation levels of the ERα/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Zhejiang University Mingzhou Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Ziwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Zhejiang University Mingzhou Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Chonglu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Changfeng Jing
- Zhejiang University Mingzhou Hospital, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Lexing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Fuhe Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Wenjuan Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, 315000, China
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19
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Fonseca H, Bezerra A, Coelho A, Duarte JA. Association between Visceral and Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue and Bone Quality in Sedentary and Physically Active Ovariectomized Wistar Rats. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060478. [PMID: 34070279 PMCID: PMC8225130 DOI: 10.3390/life11060478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is considered protective for bone mass, but this view has been progressively challenged. Menopause is characterized by low bone mass and increased adiposity. Our aim was to determine how visceral and bone marrow adiposity change following ovariectomy (OVX), how they correlate with bone quality and if they are influenced by physical activity. Methods: Five-month-old Wistar rats were OVX or sham-operated and maintained in sedentary or physically active conditions for 9 months. Visceral and bone marrow adiposity as well as bone turnover, femur bone quality and biomechanical properties were assessed. Results: OVX resulted in higher weight, visceral and bone marrow adiposity. Visceral adiposity correlated inversely with femur Ct.Th (r = −0.63, p < 0.001), BV/TV (r = −0.67, p < 0.001), Tb.N (r = −0.69, p < 0.001) and positively with Tb.Sp (r = 0.58, p < 0.001). Bone marrow adiposity also correlated with bone resorption (r = 0.47, p < 0.01), bone formation rate (r = −0.63, p < 0.01), BV/TV (r = −0.85, p < 0.001), Ct.Th (r = −0.51, p < 0.0.01), and with higher empty osteocyte lacunae (r = 0.39, p < 0.05), higher percentage of osteocytes with oxidative stress (r = 0.64, p < 0.0.01) and lower femur maximal stress (r = −0.58, p < 0.001). Physical activity correlated inversely with both visceral (r = −0.74, p < 0.01) and bone marrow adiposity (r = −0.92, p < 0.001). Conclusions: OVX increases visceral and bone marrow adiposity which are associated with inferior bone quality and biomechanical properties. Physical activity could contribute to reduce adipose tissue and thereby improve bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélder Fonseca
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADE/UP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.C.); (J.A.D.)
- Research Center of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-220-425-239
| | - Andrea Bezerra
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADE/UP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.C.); (J.A.D.)
- Research Center of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Coelho
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADE/UP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.C.); (J.A.D.)
- Research Center of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADE/UP), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; (A.B.); (A.C.); (J.A.D.)
- Research Center of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Polytechnic and University Higher Education Cooperative (CESPU), 4485-116 Gandra Campus, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
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Singhal V, Karzar NH, Bose A, Buckless C, Ackerman KE, Bredella MA, Klibanski A, Misra M. Changes in marrow adipose tissue in relation to changes in bone parameters following estradiol replacement in adolescent and young adult females with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea. Bone 2021; 145:115841. [PMID: 33418100 PMCID: PMC8022869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.115841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Low energy availability causes disruption of hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion leading to functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) and hypoestrogenism, which in turn contributes to decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT). Transdermal estradiol administration in physiologic doses increases BMD in adolescents and adults with FHA. However, the impact of estrogen replacement on MAT in relation to changes in BMD has not been studied in adolescents and young adults. We hypothesized that physiologic estrogen replacement would lead to decreases in MAT, associated with increases in BMD. METHODS AND MATERIALS We studied 15 adolescent and young adult females with FHA (14-25 years). All participants received a17β- estradiol transdermal patch at a dose of 0.1 mg/day (applied twice weekly) for 12 months. Participants also received cyclic progestin for 10-12 days each month. We quantified MAT (lipid/water ratio) of the fourth lumbar (L4) vertebral body and femoral diaphysis by single proton (1H)-magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and compartmental volumetric BMD of the distal radius and tibia using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. RESULTS Transdermal estradiol therapy over 12 months resulted in a decrease in MAT at the lumbar (L4) vertebra from 0.92 ± 0.55 at baseline to 0.63 ± 0.29 at 12-months (p = 0.008), and an increase in radial and tibial cortical vBMD (p = 0.006, p = 0.0003). Changes in L4 MAT trended to be inversely associated with changes in radial cortical vBMD (rho = -0.47, p = 0.08). CONCLUSION We show that in adolescent and young adult girls with FHA, MAT decreases following transdermal estrogen therapy and these changes are associated with increased cortical vBMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Singhal
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mass General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; MGH Weight Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Nazanin Hazhir Karzar
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Amita Bose
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Colleen Buckless
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Kathryn E Ackerman
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Miriam A Bredella
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Anne Klibanski
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Madhusmita Misra
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Mass General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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21
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Li Q, Wang H, Zhang J, Kong APS, Li G, Lam TP, Cheng JCY, Lee WYW. Deletion of SIRT3 inhibits osteoclastogenesis and alleviates aging or estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in female mice. Bone 2021; 144:115827. [PMID: 33359008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SIRT3 has been speculated to affect osteoclast activity through its important roles in regulating mitochondrial function. It remains unclear whether SIRT3 affects osteoclast activity in female mice which is relevant to postmenopausal osteoporosis. We hypothesized that deletion of SIRT3 could modulate bone remodeling in female mice under physiological aging process or ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss. We found that SIRT3 level was markedly increased in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) from both 26-month-old aged mice and OVX mice. Knockdown of SIRT3 in vitro inhibited osteoclast differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis, and deletion of SIRT3 increased trabecular bone mass in female mice due to impaired osteoclastogenesis. The effect of SIRT3 on bone remodeling appears to be age-dependent as revealed by comparing the effect of SIRT3 deletion on 5-week-old, 3-month-old and 6-month-old female mice. Interestingly, Sirt3-/- mice were more resistant to bone loss following estrogen deficiency resulting from OVX. Our findings demonstrated that SIRT3 could play critical roles in bone remodeling and estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss in female mice, suggesting that SIRT3 and its downstream effectors might be potential novel therapeutic targets for the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haixing Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice Pik-Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz-Ping Lam
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing University, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; SH Ho Scoliosis Research Laboratory, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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22
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Li Q, Cheng JC, Jiang Q, Lee WY. Role of sirtuins in bone biology: Potential implications for novel therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13301. [PMID: 33393735 PMCID: PMC7884050 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in bone mass and bone strength and musculoskeletal problems associated with aging constitute a major challenge for affected individuals and the healthcare system globally. Sirtuins 1-7 (SIRT1-SIRT7) are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylases with remarkable abilities to promote longevity and counteract age-related diseases. Sirtuin knockout and transgenic models have provided novel insights into the function and signaling of these proteins in bone homeostasis. Studies have revealed that sirtuins play a critical role in normal skeletal development and homeostasis through their direct action on bone cells and that their dysregulation might contribute to different bone diseases. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that mice treated with sirtuin agonists show protection against age-related, postmenopausal, and immobilization-induced osteoporosis. These findings suggest that sirtuins could be potential targets for the modulation of the imbalance in bone remodeling and treatment of osteoporosis and other bone disorders. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive updated review of the current knowledge on sirtuin biology, focusing specifically on their roles in bone homeostasis and osteoporosis, and potential pharmacological interventions targeting sirtuins for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Li
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Jack Chun‐yiu Cheng
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive SurgeryDrum Tower Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wayne Yuk‐wai Lee
- SH Ho Scoliosis Research LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Joint Scoliosis Research Center of the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Nanjing UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina
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23
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Wang JS, Yoon SH, Wein MN. Role of histone deacetylases in bone development and skeletal disorders. Bone 2021; 143:115606. [PMID: 32829038 PMCID: PMC7770092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone cells must constantly respond to hormonal and mechanical cues to change gene expression programs. Of the myriad of epigenomic mechanisms used by cells to dynamically alter cell type-specific gene expression, histone acetylation and deacetylation has received intense focus over the past two decades. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) represent a large family of proteins with a conserved deacetylase domain first described to deacetylate lysine residues on histone tails. It is now appreciated that multiple classes of HDACs exist, some of which are clearly misnamed in that acetylated lysine residues on histone tails is not the major function of their deacetylase domain. Here, we will review the roles of proteins bearing deacetylase domains in bone cells, focusing on current genetic evidence for each individual HDAC gene. While class I HDACs are nuclear proteins whose primary role is to deacetylate histones, class IIa and class III HDACs serve other important cellular functions. Detailed knowledge of the roles of individual HDACs in bone development and remodeling will set the stage for future efforts to specifically target individual HDAC family members in the treatment of skeletal diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang S Wang
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung-Hee Yoon
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marc N Wein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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24
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Chen Y, Zhou F, Liu H, Li J, Che H, Shen J, Luo E. SIRT1, a promising regulator of bone homeostasis. Life Sci 2021; 269:119041. [PMID: 33453243 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase, epigenetically regulates various cell metabolisms, including inflammation, tumorigenesis, and bone metabolism. Many clinical studies have found the potential of SIRT1 in predicting and treating bone-related disorders, such as osteoporosis and osteonecrosis, suggesting that SIRT1 might be a regulator of bone homeostasis. In order to identify the mechanisms that underlie the pivotal role of SIRT1 in bone homeostasis, many studies revealed that SIRT1 could maintain the balance between bone formation and absorption via regulating the ratio of osteoblasts to osteoclasts. SIRT1 controls the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone marrow-derived macrophages, increasing osteogenesis and reducing osteoclastogenesis. Besides, SIRT1 can enhance bone-forming cells' viability, including MSCs and osteoblasts under adverse conditions by resisting senescence, suppressing apoptosis, and promoting autophagy in favor of osteogenesis. Furthermore, the effect on bone vasculature homeostasis enables SIRT1 to become a valuable strategy for ischemic osteonecrosis and senile osteoporosis. The review systemically discusses SIRT1 pathways and the critical role in bone homeostasis and assesses whether SIRT1 is a potential target for manipulation and therapy, to lay a solid foundation for further researches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| | - Jiaxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huiling Che
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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25
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Kunihiro AG, Luis PB, Frye JB, Chew W, Chow HHS, Schneider C, Funk JL. Bone-Specific Metabolism of Dietary Polyphenols in Resorptive Bone Diseases. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000072. [PMID: 32506808 PMCID: PMC7712627 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Curcumin prevents bone loss in resorptive bone diseases and inhibits osteoclast formation, a key process driving bone loss. Curcumin circulates as an inactive glucuronide that can be deconjugated in situ by bone's high β-glucuronidase (GUSB) content, forming the active aglycone. Because curcumin is a common remedy for musculoskeletal disease, effects of microenvironmental changes consequent to skeletal development or disease on bone curcumin metabolism are explored. METHODS AND RESULTS Across sexual/skeletal development or between sexes in C57BL/6 mice ingesting curcumin (500 mg kg-1 ), bone curcumin metabolism and GUSB enzyme activity are unchanged, except for >twofold higher (p < 0.05) bone curcumin-glucuronide substrate levels in immature (4-6-week-old) mice. In ovariectomized (OVX) or bone metastasis-bearing female mice, bone substrate levels are also >twofold higher. Aglycone curcumin levels tend to increase proportional to substrate such that the majority of glucuronide distributing to bone is deconjugated, including OVX mice where GUSB decreases by 24% (p < 0.01). GUSB also catalyzes deconjugation of resveratrol and quercetin glucuronides by bone, and a requirement for the aglycones for anti-osteoclastogenic bioactivity, analogous to curcumin, is confirmed. CONCLUSION Dietary polyphenols circulating as glucuronides may require in situ deconjugation for bone-protective effects, a process influenced by bone microenvironmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Kunihiro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Paula B Luis
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | | | - Wade Chew
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - H-H. Sherry Chow
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Claus Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
| | - Janet L Funk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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26
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Cabrera D, Kruger M, Wolber FM, Roy NC, Fraser K. Effects of short- and long-term glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis on plasma metabolome and lipidome of ovariectomized sheep. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:349. [PMID: 32503480 PMCID: PMC7275480 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the metabolic and lipidomic changes that accompany bone loss in osteoporosis might provide insights about the mechanisms behind molecular changes and facilitate developing new drugs or nutritional strategies for osteoporosis prevention. This study aimed to examine the effects of short- or long-term glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis on plasma metabolites and lipids of ovariectomized (OVX) sheep. METHODS Twenty-eight aged ewes were divided randomly into four groups: an OVX group, OVX in combination with glucocorticoids for two months (OVXG2), and OVX in combination with five doses of glucocorticoids (OVXG5) to induce bone loss, and a control group. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry untargeted metabolomic analysis was applied to monthly plasma samples to follow the progression of osteoporosis over five months. RESULTS The metabolite profiles revealed significant differences in the plasma metabolome of OVX sheep and OVXG when compared with the control group by univariate analysis. Nine metabolites were altered, namely 5-methoxytryptophan, valine, methionine, tryptophan, glutaric acid, 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, 5-hydroxylysine and malic acid. Similarly, fifteen lipids were perturbed from multiple lipid classes such as lysophoslipids, phospholipids and ceramides. CONCLUSION This study showed that OVX and glucocorticoid interventions altered the metabolite and lipid profiles of sheep, suggesting that amino acid and lipid metabolisms are potentially the main perturbed metabolic pathways regulating bone loss in OVX sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Cabrera
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
| | - Marlena Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
| | - Frances M. Wolber
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- School of Food Advanced technology, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, AgResearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, 1142 New Zealand
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Li J, Chen X, Lu L, Yu X. The relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue and bone metabolism in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 52:88-98. [PMID: 32081538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a prevalent skeletal disorder associated with menopause-related estrogen withdrawal. PMOP is characterized by low bone mass, deterioration of the skeletal microarchitecture, and subsequent increased susceptibility to fragility fractures, thus contributing to disability and mortality. Accumulating evidence indicates that abnormal expansion of marrow adipose tissue (MAT) plays a crucial role in the onset and progression of PMOP, in part because both bone marrow adipocytes and osteoblasts share a common ancestor lineage. The cohabitation of MAT adipocytes, mesenchymal stromal cells, hematopoietic cells, osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the bone marrow creates a microenvironment that permits adipocytes to act directly on other cell types in the marrow. Furthermore, MAT, which is recognized as an endocrine organ, regulates bone remodeling through the secretion of adipokines and cytokines. Although an enhanced MAT volume is linked to low bone mass and fractures in PMOP, the detailed interactions between MAT and bone metabolism remain largely unknown. In this review, we examine the possible mechanisms of MAT expansion under estrogen withdrawal and further summarize emerging findings regarding the pathological roles of MAT in bone remodeling. We also discuss the current therapies targeting MAT in osteoporosis. A comprehensive understanding of the relationship between MAT expansion and bone metabolism in estrogen deficiency conditions will provide new insights into potential therapeutic targets for PMOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Dieckmeyer M, Junker D, Ruschke S, Mookiah MRK, Subburaj K, Burian E, Sollmann N, Kirschke JS, Karampinos DC, Baum T. Vertebral Bone Marrow Heterogeneity Using Texture Analysis of Chemical Shift Encoding-Based MRI: Variations in Age, Sex, and Anatomical Location. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:555931. [PMID: 33178134 PMCID: PMC7593641 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.555931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Vertebral bone marrow composition has been extensively studied in the past and shown potential as imaging biomarker for osteoporosis, hematopoietic, and metabolic disorders. However, beyond quantitative assessment of bone marrow fat, little is known about its heterogeneity. Therefore, we investigated bone marrow heterogeneity of the lumbar spine using texture analysis of chemical-shift-encoding (CSE-MRI) based proton density fat fraction (PDFF) maps and its association with age, sex, and anatomical location. Methods: One hundred and fifty-six healthy subjects were scanned (age range: 20-29 years, 12/30 males/females; 30-39, 15/9; 40-49, 5/13; 50-59, 9/27; ≥60: 9/27). A sagittal 8-echo 3D spoiled-gradient-echo sequence at 3T was used for CSE-MRI-based water-fat separation at the lumbar spine. Manual segmentation of vertebral bodies L1-4 was performed. Mean PDFF and texture features (global: variance, skewness, kurtosis; second-order: energy, entropy, contrast, homogeneity, correlation, sum-average, variance, dissimilarity) were extracted at each vertebral level and compared between age groups, sex, and anatomical location. Results: Mean PDFF significantly increased from L1 to L4 (35.89 ± 11.66 to 39.52 ± 11.18%, p = 0.017) and with age (females: 27.19 ± 6.01 to 49.34 ± 7.75%, p < 0.001; males: 31.97 ± 7.96 to 41.83 ± 7.03 %, p = 0.025), but showed no difference between females and males after adjustment for age and BMI (37.13 ± 11.63 vs. 37.17 ± 8.67%; p = 0.199). Bone marrow heterogeneity assessed by texture analysis, in contrast to PDFF, was significantly higher in females compared to males after adjustment for age and BMI (namely contrast and dissimilarity; p < 0.031), demonstrated age-dependent differences, in particular in females (p < 0.05), but showed no statistically significant dependence on vertebral location. Conclusion: Vertebral bone marrow heterogeneity, assessed by texture analysis of PDFF maps, is primarily dependent on sex and age but not on anatomical location. Future studies are needed to investigate bone marrow heterogeneity with regard to aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dieckmeyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Dieckmeyer
| | - Daniela Junker
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Ruschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Muthu Rama Krishnan Mookiah
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karupppasamy Subburaj
- Pillar of Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Egon Burian
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nico Sollmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan S. Kirschke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dimitrios C. Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Baum
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Sebo ZL, Rendina-Ruedy E, Ables GP, Lindskog DM, Rodeheffer MS, Fazeli PK, Horowitz MC. Bone Marrow Adiposity: Basic and Clinical Implications. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1187-1206. [PMID: 31127816 PMCID: PMC6686755 DOI: 10.1210/er.2018-00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The presence of adipocytes in mammalian bone marrow (BM) has been recognized histologically for decades, yet, until recently, these cells have received little attention from the research community. Advancements in mouse transgenics and imaging methods, particularly in the last 10 years, have permitted more detailed examinations of marrow adipocytes than ever before and yielded data that show these cells are critical regulators of the BM microenvironment and whole-body metabolism. Indeed, marrow adipocytes are anatomically and functionally separate from brown, beige, and classic white adipocytes. Thus, areas of BM space populated by adipocytes can be considered distinct fat depots and are collectively referred to as marrow adipose tissue (MAT) in this review. In the proceeding text, we focus on the developmental origin and physiologic functions of MAT. We also discuss the signals that cause the accumulation and loss of marrow adipocytes and the ability of these cells to regulate other cell lineages in the BM. Last, we consider roles for MAT in human physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary L Sebo
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Gene P Ables
- Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring, New York
| | - Dieter M Lindskog
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Matthew S Rodeheffer
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Pouneh K Fazeli
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark C Horowitz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Liu T, Ma Y, Zhang R, Zhong H, Wang L, Zhao J, Yang L, Fan X. Resveratrol ameliorates estrogen deficiency-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and hippocampal inflammation in mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:1385-1399. [PMID: 30607478 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5148-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Resveratrol (RSV) has been indicated to exhibit beneficial effects on depression and anxiety treatment by suppression of inflammatory processes. Depression triggered by deficiency of estrogen and anxiety-like behaviors are associated with inflammation. The role of RSV in ovariectomized mice is unclear. OBJECTIVES We examine whether the RSV, a Sirt1 activator, alleviates ovariectomy-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors through the inhibition of inflammatory processes. METHODS Female C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks of age, 17-20 g) were ovariectomized and treated with RSV at a dose of 20 mg/kg for 2 weeks. Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were compared with vehicle-injected control animals. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were used to detect inflammation in the hippocampal region. RESULTS Ovariectomized mice were observed to suffer from anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. These effects were attenuated by treatment with RSV. Immunohistochemical staining results showed that RSV could reverse the increase of microglial activation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. At a molecular level, RSV inhibited the activation of NLRP3 and NF-κB in the hippocampal region caused by deficiency of estrogen. CONCLUSIONS RSV suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines by enhancing Sirt1 levels. Our findings indicated that RSV-induced Sirt1 activation counteracted estrogen deficiency-induced psychobehavioral changes via inhibition of inflammatory processes in the hippocampus. In anxiety and depression disorders, RSV is supposed to be an effective treatment for postmenopausal changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyao Liu
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ruiyu Zhang
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhong
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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31
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Zainabadi K. Drugs targeting SIRT1, a new generation of therapeutics for osteoporosis and other bone related disorders? Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:97-105. [PMID: 30862606 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With an aging population and limited treatment options, osteoporosis currently represents a significant public health challenge. Recent animal studies indicate that longevity-associated SIRT1 may serve as an attractive pharmacological target for the treatment of osteoporosis and other bone related disorders. Pre-clinical studies demonstrate that mice treated with SIRT1 agonists show protection against age-related, post-menopausal, and disuse models of osteoporosis. Conversely, SIRT1 knockout models display low bone mass phenotypes associated with increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. This review summarizes recent animal and human experimental data showing that pharmacological activation of SIRT1 may act in a manner that current treatments do not, namely by treating the imbalance in bone remodeling that is the root cause of osteoporosis and other bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvan Zainabadi
- Glenn Center for the Science of Aging, Department of Biology, Koch Institute, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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32
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Fazeli PK, Klibanski A. The paradox of marrow adipose tissue in anorexia nervosa. Bone 2019; 118:47-52. [PMID: 29458121 PMCID: PMC6095826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by inappropriate nutrient intake resulting in low body weight. Multiple hormonal adaptations facilitate decreased energy expenditure in this state of caloric deprivation including non-thyroidal illness syndrome, growth hormone resistance, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Although these hormonal adaptations confer a survival advantage during periods of negative energy balance, they contribute to the long-term medical complications associated with AN, the most common of which is significant bone loss and an increased risk of fracture. In recent years, marrow adipose tissue (MAT) has emerged as an important potential determinant of the low bone mass state characteristic of AN. Unlike subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue depots which are low in AN, MAT levels are paradoxically elevated and are inversely associated with BMD. In this review, we discuss what is known about MAT in AN and the proposed hormonal determinants of this adipose tissue depot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouneh K Fazeli
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Anne Klibanski
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Abstract
Bone marrow adipocytes (BMA-) constitute an original and heterogeneous fat depot whose development appears interlinked with bone status throughout life. The gradual replacement of the haematopoietic tissue by BMA arises in a well-ordered way during childhood and adolescence concomitantly to bone growth and continues at a slower rate throughout the adult life. Importantly, BM adiposity quantity is found well associated with bone mineral density (BMD) loss at different skeletal sites in primary osteoporosis such as in ageing or menopause but also in secondary osteoporosis consecutive to anorexia nervosa. Since BMA and osteoblasts originate from a common mesenchymal stem cell, adipogenesis is considered as a competitive process that disrupts osteoblastogenesis. Besides, most factors secreted by bone and bone marrow cells (ligands and antagonists of the WNT/β-catenin pathway, BMP and others) reciprocally regulate the two processes. Hormones such as oestrogens, glucocorticoids, parathyroid and growth hormones that control bone remodelling also modulate the differentiation and the activity of BMA. Actually, BMA could also contribute to bone loss through the release of paracrine factors altering osteoblast and/or osteoclast formation and function. Based on clinical and fundamental studies, this review aims at presenting and discussing these current arguments that support but also challenge the involvement of BMA in the bone mass integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareck Rharass
- Littoral Côte d’Opale University, Lille University, EA 4490, PMOI, Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Lille, F-59000, France
| | - Stéphanie Lucas
- Littoral Côte d’Opale University, Lille University, EA 4490, PMOI, Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Lille, F-59000, France
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34
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review is to summarize recent findings on marrow adipose tissue (MAT) function and to discuss the possibility of targeting MAT for therapeutic purposes. RECENT FINDINGS MAT is characterized with high heterogeneity which may suggest both that marrow adipocytes originate from multiple different progenitors and/or their phenotype is determined by skeletal location and environmental cues. Close relationship to osteoblasts and heterogeneity suggests that MAT consists of cells representing spectrum of phenotypes ranging from lipid-filled adipocytes to pre-osteoblasts. We propose a term of adiposteoblast for describing phenotypic spectrum of MAT. Manipulating with MAT activity in diseases where impairment in energy metabolism correlates with bone functional deficit, such as aging and diabetes, may be beneficial for both. Paracrine activities of MAT might be considered for treatment of bone diseases. MAT has unrecognized potential, either beneficial or detrimental, to regulate bone homeostasis in physiological and pathological conditions. More research is required to harness this potential for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Lecka-Czernik
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Sudipta Baroi
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Lance A Stechschulte
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Amit Sopan Chougule
- Department of Orthopaedic Research, Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, 3000 Arlington Avenue, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
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35
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Mistry SD, Woods GN, Sigurdsson S, Ewing SK, Hue TF, Eiriksdottir G, Xu K, Hilton JF, Kado DM, Gudnason V, Harris TB, Rosen CJ, Lang TF, Li X, Schwartz AV. Sex hormones are negatively associated with vertebral bone marrow fat. Bone 2018; 108:20-24. [PMID: 29241825 PMCID: PMC5803453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Higher bone marrow fat (BMF)1 is associated with osteoporosis and reduced hematopoiesis. Exogenous estradiol reduces BMF in older women, but effects of endogenous sex hormones are unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine if endogenous sex hormones are associated with BMF in older men and women. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional study in the Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES) Reykjavik cohort. Participants using medications that may affect BMF were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Vertebral BMF was measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Estradiol, testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin were measured on archived serum. Linear regression models were adjusted for age, total percent body fat and visit window. RESULTS Analyses included 244 men and 226 women, mean age 81.5 (SD 4.1) years. Mean BMF was 54.1% (SD 8.6) (men) and 54.7% (SD 8.1) (women). In adjusted models, per 1pg/ml increase in total estradiol, there was a statistically significant 0.26% decrease in BMF in men (95% CI: -0.41, -0.11) and a non-significant 0.20% decrease in women (95% CI: -0.55, 0.15), with no evidence of interaction by gender (p=0.88). Per 10ng/dl increase in total testosterone, there was a significant 0.10% decrease in BMF in men (95% CI: -0.17, -0.03) and a non-significant 0.13% (95% CI: -0.79, 0.53) decrease in women, with no evidence of interaction by gender (p=0.97). CONCLUSION Higher bone marrow fat is associated with lower total estradiol and testosterone levels in older men, with a similar but statistically non-significant association in older women. Sex hormone levels appear to play a role in the regulation of bone marrow fat in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swaroop D Mistry
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Gina N Woods
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | | | - Susan K Ewing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Trisha F Hue
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | | | - Kaipin Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
| | - Joan F Hilton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Deborah M Kado
- Department of Family Medicine and Family Health, University of California San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | | | - Tamara B Harris
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Aging, 20892, USA.
| | - Clifford J Rosen
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, ME 04102, USA.
| | - Thomas F Lang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, CA 94107, USA.
| | - Ann V Schwartz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Abstract
Marrow adipocytes, collectively termed marrow adipose tissue (MAT), reside in the bone marrow in close contact to bone cells and haematopoietic cells. Marrow adipocytes arise from the mesenchymal stem cell and share their origin with the osteoblast. Shifts in the lineage allocation of the mesenchymal stromal cell could potentially explain the association between increased MAT and increased fracture risk in diseases such as postmenopausal osteoporosis, anorexia nervosa and diabetes. Functionally, marrow adipocytes secrete adipokines, such as adiponectin, and cytokines, such as RANK ligand and stem cell factor. These mediators can influence both bone remodelling and haematopoiesis by promoting bone resorption and haematopoietic recovery following chemotherapy. In addition, marrow adipocytes can secrete free fatty acids, acting as a energy supply for bone and haematopoietic cells. However, this induced lipolysis is also used by neoplastic cells to promote survival and proliferation. Therefore, MAT could represent a new therapeutic target for multiple diseases from osteoporosis to leukaemia, although the exact characteristics and role of the marrow adipocyte in health and diseases remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Veldhuis-Vlug
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - C J Rosen
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA
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37
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Frączak E, Olbromski M, Piotrowska A, Glatzel-Plucińska N, Dzięgiel P, Dybko J, Kuliczkowski K, Wróbel T. Bone marrow adipocytes in haematological malignancies. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:22-27. [PMID: 29146005 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are an active and significant element of the bone marrow microenvironment. They are involved in metabolic functions, complex interactions with other stromal cells, and in the development and progression of tumours. Currently, there is little data regarding the role of BMAs in haematological malignancies. Due to this, we have attempted to characterise the BMAs in these malignancies in terms of quantity and morphology. Our study included 30 patients aged 22-76 with myelo- (n=17) and lymphoproliferative malignancies (n=13), both with and without bone marrow infiltration. Trepanobioptate was the evaluated material. The number and diameter of BMAs were measured, and the percentage of adipocytes (adipocyte fraction - AF), hematopoietic cells (hematopoietic fraction - HF) and trabecular bone (trabecular bone fraction - BF) was calculated. The obtained results were considered against the clinical parameters of age, sex, body weight, body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI). We observed that as age increases, the number of BMA/mm2, the diameter of adipocytes and AF increase while BF and HF decrease. However, this relationship was not statistically significant. A significant correlation of BMA parameters was also not found in relation to weight, BMI and BSA, and the number and diameter of BMAs were comparable in both sexes. The trepanobioptate of infiltrated bone marrow showed a decreased number of BMA/mm2 compared to the trepanobioptate from bone marrow without infiltration (97.44±69.16 vs. 164.14±54.16; p=0.010) with a marked difference in men (69.75±65.26 vs. 180.33±60.40; p=0.007). These trepanobioptate also showed an increase in the number of BMA/mm2 with age (r=0.472; p=0.041), and with an increase of BMI, an increase in diameter of BMAs (r=0.625; p=0.007) and AF (r=0.546; p=0.023). The number and size of BMAs, as well as AF, BF and HF in patients with myeloproliferative malignancies did not differ significantly compared to patients with lymphoproliferative malignancies.
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Moya A, Larochette N, Bourguignon M, El-Hafci H, Potier E, Petite H, Logeart-Avramoglou D. Osteogenic potential of adipogenic predifferentiated human bone marrow-derived multipotent stromal cells for bone tissue-engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e1511-e1524. [PMID: 28875591 DOI: 10.1002/term.2571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the benefits of an adipogenic predifferentiation, the pathway most closely related to osteoblastogenesis, on the pro-osteogenic potential of human adult multipotent bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs), both in vitro and in vivo. Adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs for 14 days resulted in a heterogeneous cell population from which the most adipogenic-committed cells were eliminated by their lack of readhesion ability. Our results provided evidence that the select adherent adipogenic differentiated hBMSCs (sAD+ cells) express a gene profile characteristic of both adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. In vitro, when cultured in osteogenic medium, sAD+ differentiated along the osteogenic lineage faster than undifferentiated hBMSCs. In vivo, in an ectopic mouse model, sAD+ exhibited a significantly higher bone formation capability compared with undifferentiated hBMSCs. We sought, then, to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for such beneficial effects of adipogenic predifferentiation on bone formation and found that this outcome was not linked to a better cell survival post-implantation. The secretome of sAD+ was both proangiogenic and chemoattractant, but its potential did not supersede the one of undifferentiated hBMSCs. However, using co-culture systems, we observed that the sAD+ paracrine factors were pro-osteogenic on undifferentiated hBMSCs. In conclusion, adipogenic priming endows hBMSCs with high osteogenic potential as well as pro-osteogenic paracrine-mediated activity. This preconditioning appears as a promising strategy for bone tissue engineering technology in order to improve the hBMSC osteogenic potency in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Moya
- UMR 7052 CNRS University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Hanane El-Hafci
- UMR 7052 CNRS University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Esther Potier
- UMR 7052 CNRS University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Petite
- UMR 7052 CNRS University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Synergistic attenuation of ovariectomy-induced bone loss by combined use of fish oil and 17β-oestradiol. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:479-489. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114517000344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOestrogen and n-3 PUFA, especially EPA and DHA, have been reported to have beneficial effects on bone loss. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the synergistic bone-protective mechanism of combined treatments of EPA+DHA supplementation and oestrogen injection in ovariectomised rats. Rats were fed a modified American Institute of Nutrition-93G diet with 0 %, 1 % or 2 % n-3 PUFA (EPA+DHA) relative to the total energy intake for 12 weeks. Rats were surgically ovariectomised at week 8, and after a 1-week recovery period rats were injected with either 17β-oestradiol-3-benzoate (E2) or maize oil for the last 3 weeks. Combined use of n-3 PUFA and E2 synergistically increased femoral cortical bone volume, bone mineral content and the bone expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), but decreased the bone expression of IL-1β. Both n-3 PUFA and E2 decreased the bone expressions of IL-7, TNF-α and PPAR-γ, and increased the bone expression of oestrogen receptor-α. n-3 PUFA in the presence of E2 and E2 alone significantly decreased the bone expressions of IL-1β and IL-6 and increased the bone expression of RUNX2. E2 significantly decreased the serum levels of bone turnover markers and the bone expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand, but decreased the bone expression of osteoprotegerin. The combined use of n-3 PUFA and E2 exerted synergistic bone-protective efficacy through up-regulation of RUNX2, an essential transcription factor for bone formation, as well as the suppression of bone-resorbing cytokine IL-1β.
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40
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Guo JM, Shu H, Wang L, Xu JJ, Niu XC, Zhang L. SIRT1-dependent AMPK pathway in the protection of estrogen against ischemic brain injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:360-369. [PMID: 28256111 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability, especially for postmenopausal women. In view of the protective action of estrogen, hormone therapy remains the only effective way to limit this risk. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency and underlying mechanisms of estrogen neuroprotection. METHODS Subcutaneous injection of 17β-estradiol in rats after ovariectomy (OVX) was used to manipulate estrogen level and explore the effects of estrogen in cerebral ischemic damage both in vivo and in vitro. Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) knockout mice and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated kinase (AMPK) inhibitor Compound C were also used to investigate the underlying pathway of estrogen. RESULTS Estrogen deficiency induced by OVX aggravated brain infarction in experimentally induced cerebral ischemia rats, whereas estrogen pretreatment reduced ischemia-induced cerebral injuries. Neurons of estrogen deficiency models were susceptible to apoptosis under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). In contrast, neurons with estrogen-supplemented serum exhibited restored resistance to cell apoptosis. In OGD neurons, estrogen promoted AMPK activation through estrogen receptor α, and neuroprotection of estrogen was prevented by AMPK inhibition. Estrogen increased SIRT1 expression and activation, and estrogen-induced AMPK activation disappeared in SIRT1 knockout neurons. Moreover, estrogen-induced neuroprotection was abolished in SIRT1 knockout mice and AMPK-inhibited rats. CONCLUSION Our data support that estrogen protects against ischemic stroke through preventing neuron death via the SIRT1-dependent AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Min Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - He Shu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian-Jiang Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xue-Cai Niu
- Department of Radiotheropy, The Forth Hospital of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Sirtuin1 promotes osteogenic differentiation through downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ in MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:439-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Sui BD, Hu CH, Zheng CX, Jin Y. Microenvironmental Views on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation in Aging. J Dent Res 2016; 95:1333-1340. [PMID: 27302881 DOI: 10.1177/0022034516653589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by common environmental changes, such as hormonal, immunologic, and metabolic disorders. These pathologic factors impair the capability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to generate and maintain functionalized tissue components, contributing to age-related tissue degeneration (e.g., osteoporosis). However, in organismal aging, whether the microenvironmental signals induce common or differential MSC compromise and how they interact at the molecular level in mediating the functional decline of MSCs are not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the respective contribution of microenvironmental pathologic factors to age-related MSC dysfunction-particularly, the shifted differentiation from osteoblasts to adipocytes of bone marrow-derived MSCs. The authors summarize recent works regarding mechanisms underlying MSC-biased differentiation under altered microenvironments, which involve the activation of key signaling pathways, intracellular oxidative stress, and posttranscriptional regulations. In addition, we compare the differential influences of systemic and local microenvironments on MSC differentiation based on our findings. The authors also propose strategies to rescue differentiation disorders of MSCs in aging via modulating microenvironments, by using signaling modulators, anti-inflammatory agents, antioxidants, and metabolic regulators and by promoting mobilization of systemic MSCs to local injury sites. The authors hope that these insights contribute to MSC-based organismal aging research and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Sui
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,2 Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - C H Hu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,2 Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - C X Zheng
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,2 Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Y Jin
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,2 Xi'an Institute of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Xi'an, China
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Epstein S, Defeudis G, Manfrini S, Napoli N, Pozzilli P. Diabetes and disordered bone metabolism (diabetic osteodystrophy): time for recognition. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:1931-51. [PMID: 26980458 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and osteoporosis are rapidly growing diseases. The link between the high fracture incidence in diabetes as compared with the non-diabetic state has recently been recognized. While this review cannot cover every aspect of diabetic osteodystrophy, it attempts to incorporate current information from the First International Symposium on Diabetes and Bone presentations in Rome in 2014. Diabetes and osteoporosis are fast-growing diseases in the western world and are becoming a major problem in the emerging economic nations. Aging of populations worldwide will be responsible for an increased risk in the incidence of osteoporosis and diabetes. Furthermore, the economic burden due to complications of these diseases is enormous and will continue to increase unless public awareness of these diseases, the curbing of obesity, and cost-effective measures are instituted. The link between diabetes and fractures being more common in diabetics than non-diabetics has been widely recognized. At the same time, many questions remain regarding the underlying mechanisms for greater bone fragility in diabetic patients and the best approach to risk assessment and treatment to prevent fractures. Although it cannot cover every aspect of diabetic osteodystrophy, this review will attempt to incorporate current information particularly from the First International Symposium on Diabetes and Bone presentations in Rome in November 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Epstein
- Division of Endocrinology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Defeudis
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Manfrini
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128, Rome, Italy
| | - N Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128, Rome, Italy
| | - P Pozzilli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21-00128, Rome, Italy
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Rurali E, Bassetti B, Perrucci GL, Zanobini M, Malafronte C, Achilli F, Gambini E. BM ageing: Implication for cell therapy with EPCs. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 159:4-13. [PMID: 27045606 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is a well-recognized source of stem/progenitor cells for cell therapy in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to reparative process of vascular endothelium and participate in angiogenesis. As for all organs and cells across the lifespan, BM and EPCs are negatively impacted by ageing due to microenvironment modifications and EPC progressive dysfunctions. The encouraging results in terms of neovascularization observed in young animals after EPC administration were mitigated in aged patients treated for ischemic CVDs. The limited efficacy of EPC-based therapy in clinical setting might be ascribed at least partly to ageing. In this review, we comprehensively discussed the age-related changes of BM and EPCs and their implication for cardiovascular cell-therapies. Finally, we examined alternative approaches under investigation to enhance EPC potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Rurali
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bassetti
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lorenzo Perrucci
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Zanobini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Felice Achilli
- Cardiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera San Gerardo, Monza, Italy
| | - Elisa Gambini
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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Singh L, Brennan TA, Russell E, Kim JH, Chen Q, Brad Johnson F, Pignolo RJ. Aging alters bone-fat reciprocity by shifting in vivo mesenchymal precursor cell fate towards an adipogenic lineage. Bone 2016; 85:29-36. [PMID: 26805026 PMCID: PMC4792752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) play an important role in bone homeostasis. Age-related changes occur in bone resulting in a decrease in bone density and a relative increase in adipocity. Although in vitro studies suggest the existence of an age-related lineage switch between osteogenic and adipogenic fates, stem cell and microenvironmental contributions to this process have not been elucidated in vivo. In order to study the effects of MPC and microenvironmental aging on functional engraftment and lineage switching, transplantation studies were performed under non-myeloablative conditions in old recipients, with donor MPCs derived from young and old green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice. Robust engraftment by young MPCs or their progeny was observed in the marrow, bone-lining region and in the matrix of young recipients; however, significantly lower engraftment was seen at the same sites in old recipients transplanted with old MPCs. Differentiation of transplanted MPCs strongly favored adipogenesis over osteogenesis in old recipients irrespective of MPC donor age, suggesting that microenvironmental alterations that occur with in vivo aging are predominately responsible for MPC lineage switching. These data indicate that aging alters bone-fat reciprocity and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors towards an adipogenic fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshman Singh
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Tracy A Brennan
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Elizabeth Russell
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Jung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Qijun Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - F Brad Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
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Krishnamoorthy D, Frechette DM, Adler BJ, Green DE, Chan ME, Rubin CT. Marrow adipogenesis and bone loss that parallels estrogen deficiency is slowed by low-intensity mechanical signals. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:747-56. [PMID: 26323329 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ovariectomized mice were used to assess the ability of low-intensity vibrations to protect bone microarchitecture and marrow composition. Results indicate that low-intensity vibrations (LIV), introduced 2 weeks postsurgery, slows marrow adipogenesis in OVX mice but does not restore the bone within the period studied. However, immediate application of LIV partially protects quality. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate consequences of estrogen depletion on bone marrow (BM) phenotype and bone microarchitecture, and effects of mechanical signals delivered as LIV on modulating these changes. METHODS LIV (0.3 g, 90 Hz) was applied to C57BL/6 mice immediately following ovariectomy or 2 weeks postestrogen withdrawal for 2 (ST-LIV) or 6 weeks (LT-LIV), respectively. Sham-operated age-matched controls (ST-AC, LT-AC) and ovariectomized controls (ST-OVX, LT-OVX) received sham LIV treatment. Bone microstructure was evaluated through μCT and BM adipogenesis through histomorphometry, serum markers, and genes expression analysis. RESULTS LT-OVX increased BM adipogenesis relative to LT-AC (+136 %, p ≤ 0.05), while LT-LIV introduced for 6w suppressed this adipose encroachment (-55 %, p ≤ 0.05). In parallel with the fatty marrow, LT-OVX showed a marked loss of trabecular bone, -40 % (p ≤ 0.05) in the first 2 weeks following ovariectomy compared to LT-AC. Application of LT-LIV for 6w following this initial 2w bone loss failed to restore the lost trabeculae but did initiate an anabolic response as indicated by increased serum alkaline phosphatase (+26 %, p ≤ 0.05). In contrast, application of LIV immediately following ovariectomy was more efficacious in the protection of trabecular bone, with a +29 % (p > 0.05) greater BV/TV compared to ST-OVX at the 2w time period. CONCLUSIONS LIV can mitigate adipocyte accumulation in OVX marrow and protect it by favoring osteoblastogenesis over adipogenesis. These data also emphasize the rapidity of bone loss with OVX and provide perspective in the timing of treatments for postmenopausal osteoporosis where sooner is better than later.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Krishnamoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - D M Frechette
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - B J Adler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - D E Green
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - M E Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - C T Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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Sobočanec S, Filić V, Matovina M, Majhen D, Šafranko ŽM, Hadžija MP, Krsnik Ž, Kurilj AG, Šarić A, Abramić M, Balog T. Prominent role of exopeptidase DPP III in estrogen-mediated protection against hyperoxia in vivo. Redox Biol 2016; 8:149-59. [PMID: 26774752 PMCID: PMC4732022 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of age-related diseases have a low incidence in females, which is attributed to a protective effect of sex hormones. For instance, the female sex hormone estrogen (E2) has a well established cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress, which strongly contributes to ageing. However, the mechanism by which E2 exerts its protective activity remains elusive. In this study we address the question whether the E2-induced protective effect against hyperoxia is mediated by the Nrf-2/Keap-1 signaling pathway. In particular, we investigate the E2-induced expression and cellular distribution of DPP III monozinc exopeptidase, a member of the Nrf-2/Keap-1 pathway, upon hyperoxia treatment. We find that DPP III accumulates in the nucleus in response to hyperoxia. Further, we show that combined induction of hyperoxia and E2 administration have an additive effect on the nuclear accumulation of DPP III. The level of nuclear accumulation of DPP III is comparable to nuclear accumulation of Nrf-2 in healthy female mice exposed to hyperoxia. In ovariectomized females exposed to hyperoxia, supplementation of E2 induced upregulation of DPP III, Ho-1, Sirt-1 and downregulation of Ppar-γ. While other cytoprotective mechanisms cannot be excluded, these findings demonstrate a prominent role of DPP III, along with Sirt-1, in the E2-mediated protection against hyperoxia. DPP III accumulates in the nucleus in response to hyperoxia. Additive effect of hyperoxia and E2 on nuclear accumulation of DPP III is observed. Protective effect of E2 is associated with increased DPP III, Ho-1 and Sirt-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sobočanec
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vedrana Filić
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mihaela Matovina
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Željka Krsnik
- Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Gudan Kurilj
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Šarić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Abramić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tihomir Balog
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ghali O, Al Rassy N, Hardouin P, Chauveau C. Increased Bone Marrow Adiposity in a Context of Energy Deficit: The Tip of the Iceberg? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:125. [PMID: 27695438 PMCID: PMC5025430 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated bone marrow adiposity (BMA) is defined as an increase in the proportion of the bone marrow (BM) cavity volume occupied by adipocytes. This can be caused by an increase in the size and/or number of adipocytes. BMA increases with age in a bone-site-specific manner. This increase may be linked to certain pathophysiological situations. Osteoporosis or compromised bone quality is frequently associated with high BMA. The involvement of BM adipocytes in bone loss may be due to commitment of mesenchymal stem cells to the adipogenic pathway rather than the osteogenic pathway. However, adipocytes may also act on their microenvironment by secreting factors with harmful effects for the bone health. Here, we review evidence that in a context of energy deficit (such as anorexia nervosa (AN) and restriction rodent models) bone alterations can occur in the absence of an increase in BMA. In severe cases, bone alterations are even associated with gelatinous BM transformation. The relationship between BMA and energy deficit and the potential regulators of this adiposity in this context are also discussed. On the basis of clinical studies and preliminary results on animal model, we propose that competition between differentiation into osteoblasts and differentiation into adipocytes might trigger bone loss at least in moderate-to-severe AN and in some calorie restriction models. Finally, some of the main questions resulting from this hypothesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Ghali
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université de Lille, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Nathalie Al Rassy
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université de Lille, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Pierre Hardouin
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université de Lille, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Christophe Chauveau
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université de Lille, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- Laboratoire de Physiopathologie des Maladies Osseuses Inflammatoires, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
- *Correspondence: Christophe Chauveau,
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Limonard EJ, Veldhuis-Vlug AG, van Dussen L, Runge JH, Tanck MW, Endert E, Heijboer AC, Fliers E, Hollak CE, Akkerman EM, Bisschop PH. Short-Term Effect of Estrogen on Human Bone Marrow Fat. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:2058-66. [PMID: 25982922 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow fat, an unique component of the bone marrow cavity increases with aging and menopause and is inversely related to bone mass. Sex steroids may be involved in the regulation of bone marrow fat, because men have higher bone marrow fat than women and clinical observations have suggested that the variation in bone marrow fat fraction is greater in premenopausal compared to postmenopausal women and men. We hypothesized that the menstrual cycle and/or estrogen affects the bone marrow fat fraction. First, we measured vertebral bone marrow fat fraction with Dixon Quantitative Chemical Shift MRI (QCSI) twice a week during 1 month in 10 regularly ovulating women. The vertebral bone marrow fat fraction increased 0.02 (95% CI, 0.00 to 0.03) during the follicular phase (p = 0.033), and showed a nonsignificant decrease of 0.02 (95% CI, -0.01 to 0.04) during the luteal phase (p = 0.091). To determine the effect of estrogen on bone marrow fat, we measured vertebral bone marrow fat fraction every week for 6 consecutive weeks in 6 postmenopausal women before, during, and after 2 weeks of oral 17-β estradiol treatment (2 mg/day). Bone marrow fat fraction decreased by 0.05 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.09) from 0.48 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.53) to 0.43 (95% CI, 0.34 to 0.51) during 17-β estradiol administration (p < 0.001) and increased again after cessation. During 17-β estradiol administration the bone formation marker procollagen type I N propeptide (P1NP) increased (p = 0.034) and the bone resorption marker C-terminal crosslinking telopeptides of collagen type I (CTx) decreased (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we described the variation in vertebral bone marrow fat fraction among ovulating premenopausal women. And among postmenopausal women, we demonstrated that 17-β estradiol rapidly reduces the marrow fat fraction, suggesting that 17-β estradiol regulates bone marrow fat independent of bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelkje J Limonard
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annegreet G Veldhuis-Vlug
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laura van Dussen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jurgen H Runge
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael W Tanck
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Endert
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke C Heijboer
- VU University Medical Center, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Fliers
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carla E Hollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik M Akkerman
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H Bisschop
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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50
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Singhal V, Maffazioli GDN, Cano Sokoloff N, Ackerman KE, Lee H, Gupta N, Clarke H, Slattery M, Bredella MA, Misra M. Regional fat depots and their relationship to bone density and microarchitecture in young oligo-amenorrheic athletes. Bone 2015; 77:83-90. [PMID: 25868796 PMCID: PMC4447547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Various fat depots have differential effects on bone. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is deleterious to bone, whereas subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) has positive effects. Also, marrow adipose tissue (MAT), a relatively newly recognized fat depot is inversely associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Bone mass in athletes depends on many factors including gonadal steroids and muscle mass. Exercise increases muscle mass and BMD, whereas, estrogen deficiency decreases BMD. Thus, the beneficial effects of weight-bearing exercise on areal and volumetric BMD (aBMD and vBMD) in regularly menstruating (eumenorrheic) athletes (EA) are attenuated in oligo-amenorrheic athletes (OA). Of note, data regarding VAT, SAT, MAT and regional muscle mass in OA compared with EA and non-athletes (C), and their impact on bone are lacking. METHODS We used (i) MRI to assess VAT and SAT at the L4 vertebra level, and cross-sectional muscle area (CSA) of the mid-thigh, (ii) 1H-MRS to assess MAT at L4, the proximal femoral metaphysis and mid-diaphysis, (iii) DXA to assess spine and hip aBMD, and (iv) HRpQCT to assess vBMD at the distal radius (non-weight-bearing bone) and tibia (weight-bearing bone) in 41 young women (20 OA, 10 EA and 11 C 18-25 years). All athletes engaged in weight-bearing sports for ≥ 4 h/week or ran ≥ 20 miles/week. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES VAT, SAT and MAT at L4; CSA of the mid-thigh; MAT at the proximal femoral metaphysis and mid-diaphysis; aBMD, vBMD and bone microarchitecture. RESULTS Groups had comparable age, menarchal age, BMI, VAT, VAT/SAT and spine BMD Z-scores. EA had higher femoral neck BMD Z-scores than OA and C. Fat mass was lowest in OA. SAT was lowest in OA (p = 0.048); L4 MAT was higher in OA than EA (p = 0.03). We found inverse associations of (i) VAT/SAT with spine BMD Z-scores (r = -0.42, p = 0.01), (ii) L4 MAT with spine and hip BMD Z-scores (r = -0.44, p = 0.01; r = -0.36, p = 0.02), and vBMD of the radius and tibia (r = -0.49, p = 0.002; r = -0.41, p = 0.01), and (iii) diaphyseal and metaphyseal MAT with vBMD of the radius (r ≤ -0.42, p ≤ 0.01) and tibia (r ≤ -0.34, p ≤ 0.04). In a multivariate model including VAT/SAT, L4 MAT and thigh CSA, spine and hip BMD Z-scores were predicted inversely by L4 MAT and positively by thigh CSA, and total and cortical radius and total tibial vBMD were predicted inversely by L4 MAT. VAT/SAT did not predict radius or tibia total vBMD in this model, but inversely predicted spine BMD Z-scores. When L4 MAT was replaced with diaphyseal or metaphyseal MAT in the model, diaphyseal and metaphyseal MAT did not predict aBMD Z-scores, but diaphyseal MAT inversely predicted total vBMD of the radius and tibia. These results did not change after adding percent body fat to the model. CONCLUSIONS VAT/SAT is an inverse predictor of lumbar spine aBMD Z-scores, while L4 MAT is an independent inverse predictor of aBMD Z-scores at the spine and hip and vBMD measures at the distal tibia and radius in athletes and non-athletes. Diaphyseal MAT independently predicts vBMD measures of the distal tibia and radius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vibha Singhal
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, 175 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Giovana D N Maffazioli
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Natalia Cano Sokoloff
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Kathryn E Ackerman
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 319 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Hang Lee
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, USA.
| | - Nupur Gupta
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Hannah Clarke
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Meghan Slattery
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Miriam A Bredella
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Madhusmita Misra
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, 175 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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