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Patel L, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Mignozzi S, Augustin LSA, Levi F, Serraino D, Giacosa A, Alicandro G. Legume intake and cancer risk in a network of case-control studies. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01408-w. [PMID: 38321187 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01408-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on the relationship between legume consumption and risk of specific cancer sites is inconclusive. We used data from a series of case-controls studies, conducted in Italy and in the Swiss Canton of Vaud between 1991 and 2009 to quantify the association between legume consumption and several cancer sites including oral cavity, esophagus, larynx, stomach, colorectum, breast, endometrium, ovary, prostate and kidney. Multiple logistic regression models controlled for sex, age, education, smoking, alcohol, body mass index, physical activity, comorbidities, and consumption of fruit, vegetables, processed meat and total calorie intake were used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for different cancer sites and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals(CI). For female hormone-related cancers, the models also included adjustments for age at menarche, menopausal status and parity. Although most of the estimates were below unity, suggesting a protective effect, only colorectal cancer showed a significant association. Compared to no consumption, the OR for consuming at least one portion of legumes was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.68-0.91), the OR for consuming two or more portions was 0.68 (95% CI: 0.57-0.82) and the estimate for an increment of one portion per week was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81-0.93). The inverse association between legume consumption and colorectal cancer suggests a possible role of legumes in preventing cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linia Patel
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Mignozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Livia S A Augustin
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS "Fondazione G.Pascale", Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Attilio Giacosa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, Policlinico di Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Alicandro
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Paediatric Department, Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
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Turati F, Concina F, Bertuccio P, Fiori F, Parpinel M, Garavello W, Crispo A, Libra M, Negri E, Serraino D, La Vecchia C. Prebiotics and the Risk of Upper Digestive Tract and Stomach Cancers: The PrebiotiCa Study. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:1772-1780. [PMID: 37468063 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fiber intake may lower digestive tract cancer risk, possibly by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. However, no data are available about the role of specific fiber fractions with prebiotic activity (e.g., inulin-type fructans (ITFs), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs) and galactooligosaccharides (GOSs)) on the risk lower digestive tract cancers. OBJECTIVE The objective was to assess the association between prebiotic intake and the risk of cancers of the upper digestive tract and stomach. DESIGN Within the PrebiotiCa study, data were derived from a network of Italian case-control studies conducted between 1992 and 2009. Participants' usual diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. ITFs, and selected FOSs (nystose, kestose, and 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose) and GOSs (raffinose and stachyose) were quantified in several food products via laboratory analyses. Participants' prebiotic intake was calculated by multiplying food frequency questionnaire intake by the prebiotic content of each food item. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Cases were patients admitted to major hospitals with incident histologically confirmed cancers; there were 946 cases of cancer of the oral cavity/pharynx, 198 of the nasopharynx, 304 of the esophagus, 230 of the stomach. More than 4,000 patients admitted to the same hospitals for acute nonneoplastic and not diet-related conditions were selected as control subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The outcomes were oral and pharyngeal, nasopharyngeal, esophageal, and stomach cancers. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED The odds ratios and corresponding 95% CIs of the various cancers were derived using logistic regression models adjusted for major confounders and energy intake. RESULTS No association was observed between intake of prebiotics and risk of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx, nasopharynx, and esophagus. High raffinose intake reduced stomach cancer risk (odds ratio for the third vs the first tertile 0.6, 95% CI 0.3 to 0.9); no other prebiotic was associated with stomach cancer. CONCLUSIONS The current study does not support a major role of prebiotic fibers on selected upper digestive tract cancers. The association between high raffinose intake and reduced stomach cancer risk needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Turati
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Concina
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Bertuccio
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine-DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italia
| | - Anna Crispo
- Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute "Pascale Foundation" IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology & Functional Genomics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry, and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro," Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Mazzocchi S, Visaggi P, Baroni L. Plant-based diets in gastrointestinal diseases: Which evidence? Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2023; 62-63:101829. [PMID: 37094909 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2023.101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based diets (PBDs), rich in high-quality plant foods, offer multiple benefits for the overall and gastrointestinal health. Recently, it has been demostrated that the positive effects of PBDs on gastrointestinal health can be mediated by the gut microbiota, in particular, by inducing a greater diversity of bacteria. This review summarizes current knowledge on the relationship between nutrition, the gut microbiota, and host metabolic status. We discussed how dietary habits modify the composition and physiological activity of the gut microbiota and how gut dysbiosis affects the most prevalent gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases, functional bowel disorders, liver disorders, and gastrointestinal cancer. The beneficial role of PBDs is being increasingly recognized as potentially useful in the management of most diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Mazzocchi
- Division of Internal Medicine, "Castel San Giovanni" Hospital, Piacenza, Italy.
| | | | - Luciana Baroni
- Scientific Society for Vegetarian Nutrition, Venice, Italy.
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Turati F, Concina F, Bertuccio P, Fiori F, Parpinel M, Taborelli M, Rosato V, Garavello W, Negri E, La Vecchia C. Intake of prebiotic fibers and the risk of laryngeal cancer: the PrebiotiCa study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:977-985. [PMID: 36335543 PMCID: PMC9941254 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate whether the intake of specific fibers with prebiotic activity, e.g., inulin-type fructans (ITFs), fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs), and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), is associated with laryngeal cancer risk. METHODS Within the PrebiotiCa study, we used data from a case-control study (Italy, 1992-2009) with 689 incident, histologically confirmed laryngeal cancer cases and 1605 controls. Six prebiotic molecules (ITFs, nystose [FOS], kestose [FOS], 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose [FOS], raffinose [GOS] and stachyose [GOS]) were quantified in various foods via ad hoc conducted laboratory analyses. Subjects' prebiotic fiber intake was calculated by multiplying food frequency questionnaire intake by the prebiotic content of each food item. The odds ratios (OR) of laryngeal cancer for prebiotic fiber intake were calculated using logistic regression models, including, among others, terms for tobacco, alcohol, and total energy intake. RESULTS The intakes of kestose, raffinose and stachyose were inversely associated with laryngeal cancer, with ORs for the highest versus the lowest quartile of 0.70 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.50-0.99) for kestose, 0.65 (95% CI 0.45-0.93) for raffinose and 0.61 (95% CI 0.45-0.83) for stachyose. ITFs, nystose and 1F-β-fructofuranosylnystose were not associated with laryngeal cancer risk. Current smokers and heavy drinkers with medium-low intakes of such prebiotic fibers had, respectively, an over 15-fold increased risk versus never smokers with medium-high intakes and a five to sevenfold increased risk versus never/moderate drinkers with medium-high intakes. CONCLUSION Although disentangling the effects of the various components of fiber-rich foods is complex, our results support a favorable role of selected prebiotic fibers on laryngeal cancers risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Turati
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Biometry, IRCCS National Cancer Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria, 22, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Federica Concina
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo”, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Bertuccio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria, 22, 20133 Milan, Italy ,Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Fiori
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Martina Taborelli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosato
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Biometry, IRCCS National Cancer Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Werner Garavello
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano- Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria, 22, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Therapeutic Potential of Deflamin against Colorectal Cancer Development and Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246182. [PMID: 36551666 PMCID: PMC9776913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that play a crucial role in tumor microenvironment remodeling, contributing to inflammatory and angiogenic processes, and ultimately promoting tumor maintenance and progression. Several studies on bioactive polypeptides isolated from legumes have shown anti-migratory, anti-MMPs, and anti-tumor effects, potentially constituting novel strategies for both the prevention and progression of cancer. In this work, we investigated the anti-tumor role of deflamin, a protein oligomer isolated from white lupine seeds (Lupinus albus) reported to inhibit MMP-9 and cell migration in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. We found that deflamin exerts an inhibitory effect on tumor growth and metastasis formation, contributing to increased tumor apoptosis in the xenotransplanted zebrafish larvae model. Furthermore, deflamin resulted not only in a significant reduction in MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity but also in impaired cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. Using the xenograft zebrafish model, we observed that deflamin inhibits collagen degradation and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment in vivo. Overall, our work reveals the potential of deflamin as an agent against CRC development and progression.
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Inthachat W, Suttisansanee U, Kruawan K, On-Nom N, Chupeerach C, Temviriyanukul P. Evaluation of Mutagenicity and Anti-Mutagenicity of Various Bean Milks Using Drosophila with High Bioactivation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193090. [PMID: 36230165 PMCID: PMC9562202 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of a nutritious diet including phytochemicals can minimize mutations as the primary cause of carcinogenesis. Bean consumption supplies calories, minerals and phytochemicals but their anti-mutagenic properties in vivo remain little understood. Hence, the present study aimed to study the mutagenicity and anti-mutagenic properties of five bean milks using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) involving Drosophila with high bioactivation. Milk derived from five bean varieties, namely black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), mung bean (Phaseolus aureus), peanut (Arachis hypogaea) and soybean (Glycine max) did not induce DNA mutations in Drosophila with high bioactivation, indicating their genome-safe properties. All bean milks showed anti-mutagenicity against the food-derived mutagen, urethane, in vivo with different degrees of inhibition. In the co-administration study, larvae were treated with each bean milk together with urethane. Soybean milk showed the highest anti-mutagenicity at 27.75%; peanut milk exhibited the lowest at 7.51%. In the pre-feeding study, the larvae received each bean milk followed by urethane. Soybean milk exhibited the highest anti-mutagenic potential, followed by red kidney bean and black bean milks. Total phenolic and antioxidant data revealed that the anti-mutagenicity of both red kidney bean milk and black bean milk might be derived from their phenolic or antioxidant properties; other phytochemicals may contribute to the high anti-mutagenicity observed in soybean milk. Further investigations on the anti-mutagenicity of bean milks against other dietary mutagens are required to develop bean-based products with potent anti-mutagenic properties.
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Hajjar M, Rezazadeh A, Naja F, Kardoust Parizi M, Asadimehr S, Rashidkhani B. Association of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and risk of bladder cancer: A case-control study. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2022; 31:e13664. [PMID: 35949147 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is rich in recommended foods that are inversely associated with bladder cancer (BC) risk. The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between adherence to DASH diet and the risk of BC among Iranian adults. METHOD This study included 103 BC cases and 200 controls. The controls were patients who were hospitalised for acute non-neoplastic diseases. DASH scores were computed from dietary intake assessed by a previously validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS After controlling for potential confounders, participants in the highest quintile of DASH (compared to the lowest quintile) had 84% lower BC risk (OR = 0.16; 95%CI: 0.05-0.45; p trend = 0.001). Among the DASH components, significant negative associations were observed between low fat dairy and whole grains intake with BC (p value < 0.05). A positive relation was observed for sodium, nuts and legumes, and sweetened beverages (p value < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggested that adherence to DASH might be associated with reduced risk of BC. These findings could be used to develop evidence-based recommendations for the prevention of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Hajjar
- Student Research Committee, (Department community nutrition and Faculty of nutrition sciences and food technology), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Behehshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical & Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mehdi Kardoust Parizi
- Department of Urology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Soheil Asadimehr
- Student Research Committee (Department of Nutrition Faculty of Medicine), Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahram Rashidkhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology Shahid Behehshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Phenolic content, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of fractions of Vigna subterraenea (L.) verdc from Mpumalanga, South Africa. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08397. [PMID: 34901488 PMCID: PMC8637485 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Consistent intake of legumes has been correlated with decreased possibility of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) due to the content of some phytochemicals like polyphenols. Bambara groundnut (BGN) is an underutilized crop with a rich nutritional profile, but have not been exploited for its nutraceutical and medicinal benefits. In this study, total polyphenol, flavonoid (flavonol and flavanol) content, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity/antiproliferative properties of 70% ethanolic extracts of whole BGN, cotyledon and seed coat on Caco-2 and HT-29 colon cancer cells were evaluated. Seed coat had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher composition of total polyphenol, flavonol and flavan-3-ol (flavanol) compared to whole seed and cotyledon. Antioxidant activity determined with ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2- azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays, showed that seed coat with higher polyphenolic content had significantly (p < 0.05) greater antioxidant activity. BGN fractions demonstrated cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against HT-29 and Caco-2 colon cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with seed coat and whole seed exhibiting greater cytotoxicity and higher antiproliferative activity and colon cancer cell inhibition. Extracts of the cotyledon also showed cytotoxic activity and hindered cancer cell growth/division but to a significantly (p < 0.05) lower magnitude. BGN parts indicated a greater cytotoxic effect and potential to slow down Caco-2 colon cancer cell growth and division over HT-29. This result provides new knowledge on the possible health benefits of BGN, as well as the potential for product development and may influence its consumption and utilisation.
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Craig WJ, Mangels AR, Fresán U, Marsh K, Miles FL, Saunders AV, Haddad EH, Heskey CE, Johnston P, Larson-Meyer E, Orlich M. The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals. Nutrients 2021; 13:4144. [PMID: 34836399 PMCID: PMC8623061 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns for human health and the health of the planet. Plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable than meat-based diets and have a reduced environmental impact, including producing lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary guidelines are normally formulated to enhance the health of society, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and prevent nutritional deficiencies. We reviewed the scientific data on plant-based diets to summarize their preventative and therapeutic role in cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and osteoporosis. Consuming plant-based diets is safe and effective for all stages of the life cycle, from pregnancy and lactation, to childhood, to old age. Plant-based diets, which are high in fiber and polyphenolics, are also associated with a diverse gut microbiota, producing metabolites that have anti-inflammatory functions that may help manage disease processes. Concerns about the adequate intake of a number of nutrients, including vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fats, are discussed. The use of fortified foods and/or supplements as well as appropriate food choices are outlined for each nutrient. Finally, guidelines are suggested for health professionals working with clients consuming plant-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston J. Craig
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | | | - Ujué Fresán
- eHealth Group, Instituto de Salud Global Barcelona (ISGlobal), 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Kate Marsh
- Private Practice, Chatswood, NSW 2067, Australia;
| | - Fayth L. Miles
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA;
| | - Angela V. Saunders
- Nutrition Insights, Sanitarium Health Food Company, Berkeley Vale, NSW 2261, Australia;
| | - Ella H. Haddad
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Celine E. Heskey
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Patricia Johnston
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyles, and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (F.L.M.); (E.H.H.); (C.E.H.); (P.J.)
| | - Enette Larson-Meyer
- Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Michael Orlich
- School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA;
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Sharif Y, Sadeghi O, Benisi-Kohansal S, Azadbakht L, Esmaillzadeh A. Legume and Nuts Consumption in Relation to Odds of Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:750-759. [PMID: 32475175 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1773874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on the association between legume and nuts intake and risk of breast cancer have mainly been focused on individual components of legume or nuts, rather than consumption of the whole food group. This study aimed to investigate the relation between legume and nuts intake in relation to breast cancer in Iranian women. In this population-based case-control study, we enrolled 350 pathologically confirmed new cases of breast cancer and 700 controls which were matched with cases in terms of age and socioeconomic status. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated block-format 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Legume intake was computed by summing up the consumption of lentils, peas, chickpeas, and different kinds of beans, including red beans and pinto beans. To calculate nuts consumption, we summed up intake of mixed nuts, almond, peanut, walnut and hazelnut. Data on potential confounding variables were also collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Mean consumption of legume and nuts among cases and controls were 14.7 ± 15.0 and 2.3 ± 5.6, respectively. A significant inverse association was found between legume intake and breast cancer (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.30-0.57); such that after adjusting for confounders, participants in the top tertile of legume intake had 46% lower odds of breast cancer compared with those in the bottom tertile (OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.36-0.88). Such inverse association was seen among postmenopausal women (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31-0.85) and also among normal-weight participants (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.29-0.82). In terms of nuts intake, it was inversely associated with odds of breast cancer (OR: 0.16, 95% CI: 0.11-0.23). This association remained significant even after taking potential confounders into account (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.09-0.26). The same association was also seen in premenopausal women (OR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.14-0.31), postmenopausal women (OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.13-0.42), normal-weight (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08-0.28), and overweight or obese people (OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.71). Our findings on the inverse association of legume and nuts intake with odds of breast cancer support the current recommendations on these foods. Prospective studies are needed to further examine this link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Sharif
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Sadeghi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Benisi-Kohansal
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Abstract
A wide variety of plant species provide edible seeds. Seeds are the dominant source of human calories and protein. The most important and popular seed food sources are cereals, followed by legumes and nuts. Their nutritional content of fiber, protein, and monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fats make them extremely nutritious. They are important additions to our daily food consumption. When consumed as part of a healthy diet, seeds can help reduce blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pressure.
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Shokri A, Pirouzpanah S, Foroutan-Ghaznavi M, Montazeri V, Fakhrjou A, Nozad-Charoudeh H, Tavoosidana G. Dietary protein sources and tumoral overexpression of RhoA, VEGF-A and VEGFR2 genes among breast cancer patients. GENES & NUTRITION 2019; 14:22. [PMID: 31333806 PMCID: PMC6617685 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-019-0645-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High protein intake may promote angiogenesis giving support to the development of metastasis according to the experimental data. However, nutritional epidemiologic evidence is inconsistent with metastasis. Therefore, we aimed to study the association between dietary intake of protein and tumoral expression levels of Ras homologous gene family member A (RhoA), vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), and VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2) in primary breast cancer (BC) patients. METHODS Over this consecutive case series, 177 women primary diagnosed with histopathologically confirmed BC in Tabriz (Iran) were enrolled between May 2011 and November 2016. A validated food frequency questionnaire was completed for eligible participants. Fold change in gene expression was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. Principal component factor analysis (PCA) was used to express dietary groups of proteins. RESULTS Total protein intake was associated with the expression level of VEGF-A in progesterone receptor-positive (PR+: β = 0.296, p < 0.01) and VEGFR2 in patients with involvement of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM+: β = 0.295, p < 0.01) when covariates were adjusted. High animal protein intake was correlated with overexpression of RhoA in tumors with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+: β = 0.230, p < 0.05), ALNM+ (β = 0.238, p < 0.05), and vascular invasion (VI+: β = 0.313, p < 0.01). Animal protein intake was correlated with the overexpression of VEGFR2 when tumors were positive for hormonal receptors (ER+: β = 0.299, p < 0.01; PR+: β = 0.296, p < 0.01). Based on the PCA outputs, protein provided by whole meat (white and red meat) was associated inversely with RhoA expression in ALNM+ (β = - 0.253, p < 0.05) and premenopausal women (β = - 0.285, p < 0.01) in adjusted models. Whole meat was correlated with VEGFR2 overexpression in VI+ (β = 0.288, p < 0.05) and premenopausal status (β = 0.300, p < 0.05) in adjusted models. A group composed of dairy products and legumes was correlated with the overexpression of RhoA (β = 0.249, p < 0.05) and VEGF-A (β = 0.297, p < 0.05) in VI+. CONCLUSIONS Based on the multivariate findings, the dietary protein could associate with the overexpression of RhoA and VEGF-VEGFR2 in favor of lymphatic and vascular metastasis in BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shokri
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Foroutan-Ghaznavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Surgery Ward, Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ashraf Fakhrjou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Tavoosidana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rossi M, Strikoudi P, Spei ME, Parpinel M, Serraino D, Montella M, Libra M, La Vecchia C, Rosato V. Flavonoids and bladder cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control 2019; 30:527-535. [PMID: 30903485 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01158-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Flavonoids have drawn attention because of their antioxidant capacity and anti-carcinogenic effect in various types of cancer. A limited number of studies has investigated their potential effect on the risk of bladder cancer, with inconsistent results. METHODS We analyzed data from an Italian case-control study including 690 incident bladder cancer cases and 665 controls admitted to the same network of hospitals for acute, non-neoplastic, non tobacco-related diseases. Subjects were interviewed using a reproducible and validated food-frequency questionnaire. We applied data on food and beverage composition to estimate the intake of isoflavones, anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavanones, flavones and flavonols. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) through multiple logistic regression models, including terms for potential confounding factors, including tobacco smoking and total energy intake. RESULTS We found an inverse association between isoflavones (OR for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of intake = 0.56, 95% CI 0.37-0.84) and flavones (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.44-0.95) and bladder cancer. Non-significant inverse association was found for flavan-3-ols (OR = 0.70), flavonols (OR = 0.85) and total flavonoids (OR = 0.76). The results were consistent for non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder cancers. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate an inverse association between isoflavones and flavones with respect to bladder cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rossi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Panagiota Strikoudi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Food Technology and Nutrition, Alexander Technological Educational Institution of Thessaloniki, P.C. 57400, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria-Eleni Spei
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 115 27, Goudi, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Parpinel
- Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Via Colugna 50, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Via F. Gallini 2, 33081, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Maurizio Montella
- Unit of Epidemiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale, Via M. Semmola 1, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Libra
- Section of Oncologic, Clinic and General Pathology, Department of Biomedical & Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Rosato
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Biometry, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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ÇAKIR Ö, UÇARLI C, TARHAN Ç, PEKMEZ M, TURGUT-KARA N. Nutritional and health benefits of legumes and their distinctive genomic properties. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.42117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Halvorsrud K, Lewney J, Craig D, Moynihan PJ. Effects of Starch on Oral Health: Systematic Review to Inform WHO Guideline. J Dent Res 2018; 98:46-53. [PMID: 30074866 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518788283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted to update evidence on the effect of total dietary starch and of replacing rapidly digestible starches (RDSs) with slowly digestible starches (SDSs) on oral health outcomes to inform updating of World Health Organization guidance on carbohydrate intake. Data sources included MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, LILACS, and Wanfang. Eligible studies were comparative and reported any intervention with a different starch content of diets or foods and data on oral health outcomes relating to dental caries, periodontal disease, or oral cancer. Studies that reported total dietary starch intake or change in starch intake were included or where comparisons or exposure included diets and foods that compared RDSs and/or SDSs. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) statement, and evidence was assessed with the GRADE Working Group guidelines. From 6,080 papers identified, 33 (28 studies) were included in the RDS versus SDS comparison: 15 (14 studies) assessed the relationship between SDS and/or RDS and dental caries; 16 (12 studies) considered oral cancer; and 2 studied periodontal disease. For total starch, 23 papers (22 studies) were included: 22 assessed the effects on dental caries, and 1 considered oral cancer. GRADE assessment indicated low-quality evidence, suggesting no association between total starch intake and caries risk but that RDS intake may significantly increase caries risk. Very low-quality evidence suggested no association between total starch and oral cancer risk, and low-quality evidence suggested that SDS decreases oral cancer risk. Data on RDS and oral cancer risk were inconclusive. Very low-quality data relating to periodontitis suggested a protective effect of whole grain starches (SDS). The best available evidence suggests that only RDS adversely affects oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Halvorsrud
- 1 Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,2 Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - J Lewney
- 1 Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,3 Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - D Craig
- 1 Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - P J Moynihan
- 3 Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Papandreou C, Becerra-Tomás N, Bulló M, Martínez-González MÁ, Corella D, Estruch R, Ros E, Arós F, Schroder H, Fitó M, Serra-Majem L, Lapetra J, Fiol M, Ruiz-Canela M, Sorli JV, Salas-Salvadó J. Legume consumption and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in the PREDIMED study. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:348-356. [PMID: 29352655 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Limited prospective studies have examined the association between legumes consumption and mortality, whereas scarce, if at all, previous studies have evaluated such associations taking into consideration specific grain legumes. We aimed to investigate the association between total legumes consumption and grain legumes species (dry beans, chickpeas, lentils, and fresh peas) with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and other-cause mortality among elderly Mediterranean individuals at high CVD risk. METHODS We prospectively assessed 7216 participants from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea study. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and yearly during follow-up by using a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 6.0 years, 425 total deaths, 103 CVD deaths, 169 cancer deaths and 153 due to other-causes deaths occurred. Hazard ratios (HRs) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of CVD mortality were 1.52 (1.02-2.89) (P-trend = 0.034) and 2.23 (1.32-3.78) (P-trend = 0.002) for the 3rd tertile of total legumes and dry beans consumption, respectively, compared with the 1st tertile. When comparing extreme tertiles, higher total legumes and lentils consumption was associated with 49% (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.31-0.84; P-trend = 0.009) and 37% (HR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40-0.98; P-trend = 0.049) lower risk of cancer mortality. Similar associations were observed for CVD death in males and for cancer death in males, obese and diabetic participants. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the benefits of legumes consumption for cancer mortality prevention which may be counterbalanced by their higher risk for CVD mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered at http://www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN35739639). Registration date: 5th October 2005.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Papandreou
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, August Pi i Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Arós
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Araba, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Helmut Schroder
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Peblica (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Spain
| | - Miquel Fiol
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Institute of Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands and Son Espases Hospital, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdisNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose V Sorli
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Jalilpiran Y, Hezaveh E, Bahmanpour S, Faghih S. Healthy Plant Foods Intake Could Protect Against Prostate Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1905-1912. [PMID: 28749619 PMCID: PMC5648397 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.7.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Several studies have investigated the association between healthy plant foods intake and prostate cancer risk with inconsistent results. So this study was conducted to examine the existence of any possible association between healthy plant foods and prostate cancer risk. Materials and Methods: Sixty newly diagnosed prostate cancer cases and 60 controls engaged in a hospital-based case-control study. A validated 16o-items semi-quantitative FFQ was used to assess usual dietary intakes. Energy-adjusted amounts of healthy plant foods intake were calculated using the residual method. Logistic regression model was also used to derive beta estimates and odds ratios. Results: Cases were older and more likely to be inactive. In crude model, individuals in the highest tertile vs lowest tertile of total healthy plant foods (OR= 0.12; 95 % CI 0.04, 0.34), total fruits (OR= 0.11; 95 % CI 0.04, 0.30), total vegetables (OR= 0.08; 95 % CI 0.03, 0.24), fresh fruits (OR= 0.11; 95 % CI 0.04, 0.30), and raw vegetables (OR= 0.06; 95 % CI 0.02, 0.18) had significantly lower risk of prostate cancer. After controlling for potential confounders (age, BMI, total energy intake, job, education, smoking, physical activity, some drug usage, and also dietary intakes), just total healthy plant foods (OR= 0.12; 95 % CI 0.02, 0.55), total vegetables (OR=0.03; 95 % CI 0.00, 0.25), and raw vegetables (OR= 0.01; 95 % CI 0.00, 0.12) were associated with lower prostate cancer risk. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that a diet rich in healthy plant foods and especially total or raw vegetable may protect against prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Jalilpiran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Bibi S, de Sousa Moraes LF, Lebow N, Zhu MJ. Dietary Green Pea Protects against DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice Challenged with High-Fat Diet. Nutrients 2017; 9:E509. [PMID: 28524086 PMCID: PMC5452239 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for developing inflammatory bowel disease. Pea is unique with its high content of dietary fiber, polyphenolics, and glycoproteins, all of which are known to be health beneficial. We aimed to investigate the impact of green pea (GP) supplementation on the susceptibility of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Six-week-old C57BL/6J female mice were fed a 45% HFD or HFD supplemented with 10% GP. After 7-week dietary supplementation, colitis was induced by adding 2.5% DSS in drinking water for 7 days followed by a 7-day recovery period. GP supplementation ameliorated the disease activity index score in HFD-fed mice during the recovery stage, and reduced neutrophil infiltration, mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-17, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in HFD-fed mice. Further, GP supplementation increased mucin 2 content and mRNA expression of goblet cell differentiation markers including Trefoil factor 3 (Tff3), Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4), and SAM pointed domain ETS factor 1 (Spdef1) in HFD-fed mice. In addition, GP ameliorated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as indicated by the reduced expression of Activating transcription factor-6 (ATF-6) protein and its target genes chaperone protein glucose-regulated protein 78 (Grp78), the CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP), the ER degradation-enhancing α-mannosidase-like 1 protein (Edem1), and the X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) in HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, GP supplementation ameliorated the severity of DSS-induced colitis in HFD-fed mice, which was associated with the suppression of inflammation, mucin depletion, and ER stress in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Bibi
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | | | - Noelle Lebow
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
| | - Mei-Jun Zhu
- School of Food Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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Weisbeck A, Jansen RJ. Nutrients and the Pancreas: An Epigenetic Perspective. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030283. [PMID: 28294968 PMCID: PMC5372946 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths with a dismal average five-year survival rate of six percent. Substitutional progress has been made in understanding how pancreatic cancer develops and progresses. Evidence is mounting which demonstrates that diet and nutrition are key factors in carcinogenesis. In particular, diets low in folate and high in fruits, vegetables, red/processed meat, and saturated fat have been identified as pancreatic cancer risk factors with a proposed mechanism involving epigenetic modifications or gene regulation. We review the current literature assessing the correlation between diet, epigenetics, and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andee Weisbeck
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
| | - Rick J Jansen
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
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Gan RY, Wang MF, Lui WY, Wu K, Dai SH, Sui ZQ, Corke H. Diversity in Antioxidant Capacity, Phenolic Contents, and Flavonoid Contents of 42 Edible Beans from China. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-03-16-0061-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-You Gan
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Yee Lui
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kao Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shu-Hong Dai
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhong-Quan Sui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Harold Corke
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Hall C, Hillen C, Garden Robinson J. Composition, Nutritional Value, and Health Benefits of Pulses. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-03-16-0069-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clifford Hall
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A
| | - Cassandra Hillen
- Department of Plant Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, U.S.A
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López A, El-Naggar T, Dueñas M, Ortega T, Estrella I, Hernández T, Gómez-Serranillos M, Palomino O, Carretero M. Influence of Processing in the Phenolic Composition and Health-Promoting Properties of Lentils (Lens culinaris
L.). J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n; Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - T. El-Naggar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n; Madrid 28040 Spain
- National Research Center; Cairo Egypt
| | - M. Dueñas
- Grupo de Investigación en Polifenoles, Unidad de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad de Salamanca; Salamanca Spain
| | - T. Ortega
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n; Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - I. Estrella
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (CSIC); Madrid Spain
| | - T. Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (CSIC); Madrid Spain
| | - M.P. Gómez-Serranillos
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n; Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - O.M. Palomino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n; Madrid 28040 Spain
| | - M.E. Carretero
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n; Madrid 28040 Spain
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Lucas AL, Bravi F, Boffetta P, Polesel J, Serraino D, La Vecchia C, Bosetti C. Adherence to World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research recommendations and pancreatic cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 40:15-21. [PMID: 26605429 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer death. A role of dietary factors in pancreatic carcinogenesis has been suggested. The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) published 8 recommendations for cancer prevention. We evaluated the effect of adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations on pancreatic cancer risk. METHODS We operationalized 7 of the 8 WCRF/AICR recommendations to generate a WCRF/AICR score. We examined the association of WCRF/AICR score with pancreatic cancer in data from an Italian case-control study of 326 incident cases and 652 controls. RESULTS Adherence to WCRF/AICR recommendations was associated with a significantly decreased risk of pancreatic cancer. Using a WCRF/AICR score <3.5 as a reference, the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for a score 3.5-<4 was 0.80 (95% CI 0.49, 1.28), for a score 4-<5 0.54 (95% CI 0.35, 0.82), and for score 5 or more 0.41 (95% CI 0.24, 0.68; p-value for trend 0.0002). The OR for a continuous increment of one unit of the WCRF/AICR score was 0.72 (95% CI 0.60, 0.87). CONCLUSION Adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations may reduce pancreatic cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee L Lucas
- Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA.
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri"-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute and Institute of Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Jerry Polesel
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute, Aviano (PN), Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Bosetti
- Department of Epidemiology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri"-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Rohn S, van Griensven L. Grain legumes and further gluten free legumes—Science, technology and impacts on human health. Food Res Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Longobardi F, Sacco D, Casiello G, Ventrella A, Sacco A. Chemical Profile of the Carpino Broad Bean by Conventional and Innovative Physicochemical Analyses. J FOOD QUALITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfq.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Longobardi
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; Via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - D. Sacco
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; Via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - G. Casiello
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; Via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - A. Ventrella
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; Via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
| | - A. Sacco
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bari “A. Moro”; Via Orabona 4 70126 Bari Italy
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Liu SZ, Chen WQ, Wang N, Yin MM, Sun XB, He YT. Dietary factors and risk of pancreatic cancer: a multi-centre case-control study in China. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:7947-50. [PMID: 25292092 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.18.7947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death with an increasing trend in China. Dietary intake is believed to play an important role in pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis. The aim of this paper was to evaluate associations between some dietary factors and risk of pancreatic cancer in a multi-centre case-control study conducted in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cases (n=323) were ascertained from four provincial cancer hospitals. Controls (n=323) were randomly selected from the family members of patients without pancreatic cancer in the same hospitals, 1:1 matched to cases by gender, age and study center. Data were collected with a questionnaire by personal interview. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Tea intake (OR =0.49; 95%CI: 0.30-0.80) was associated with a half reduction in risk of pancreatic cancer. Reduced vegetable consumption (P trend: 0.04) was significant related to pancreatic cancer. Although no significant association was found for meat and fruit, ORs were all above or below the reference group. A protective effect was found for fruit (OR=1.73 for consumption of 1-2 times/week vs more than 3 times/week; 95%CI: 1.05-2.86). A high intake of meat was associated to a higher risk of pancreatic cancer (OR=0.59 for consumption of 1-2 times /week vs. more than 3 times /week; 95%CI: 0.35-0.97). CONCLUSIONS The present study supports fruit consumption to reduce pancreatic cancer risk and indicates that high consumption of meat is related to an elevated risk. Direct inverse relations with tea and vegetable intake were also confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Zheng Liu
- Henan Cancer Research and Control Office, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China E-mail : ,
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Mastron JK, Siveen KS, Sethi G, Bishayee A. Silymarin and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic, comprehensive, and critical review. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 26:475-86. [PMID: 25603021 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The blessed milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.), a flowering plant native to Mediterranean Europe, has been consumed and extensively used as a cure for various chronic liver ailments over several centuries. Milk thistle extract, known as silymarin, is a complex mixture of seven major flavonolignans and one flavonoid. The phytoconstituents of silymarin owe their therapeutic and hepatoprotective effects to their strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Primary liver cancer, also known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), occurs in a milieu of oxidative stress and inflammation. The etiology of HCC includes chronic infection with hepatitis B and C viruses, cirrhosis, and exposure to dietary and environmental hepatocarcinogens. Current therapeutic options for HCC, including surgical resection and liver transplantation, have limited benefits and are essentially ineffective. Chemoprevention, using phytochemicals with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, represents a fascinating strategy, which has been a subject of intense investigation in the recent years. In this review, we explore the potential role of silymarin as a chemopreventive and therapeutic agent for HCC. The review systematically evaluates the preclinical in-vitro and in-vivo studies investigating the effects of silymarin and its constituents on HCC. The biochemical mechanisms involved in the anti-liver-cancer effects of silymarin have been presented. The current status of clinical studies evaluating the potential of role of silymarin in liver cancer, especially that caused by hepatitis C virus, has also been examined. Potential challenges and future directions of research involved in the 'bench-to-bedside' transition of silymarin phytoconstituents for the chemoprevention and treatment of HCC have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanetta K Mastron
- aAmerican University of Health Sciences, Signal Hill bDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California, USA cDepartment of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore dInterim Translational Research Institute, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Clemente A, Arques MDC. Bowman-Birk inhibitors from legumes as colorectal chemopreventive agents. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:10305-10315. [PMID: 25132747 PMCID: PMC4130838 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i30.10305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant functioning of serine proteases in inflammatory and carcinogenic processes within the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has prompted scientists to investigate the potential of serine protease inhibitors, both natural and synthetic, as modulators of their proteolytic activities. Protease inhibitors of the Bowman-Birk type, a major protease inhibitor family in legume seeds, which inhibit potently and specifically trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like proteases, are currently being investigated as colorectal chemopreventive agents. Physiologically relevant amounts of Bowman-Birk inhibitors (BBI) can reach the large intestine in active form due to their extraordinary resistance to extreme conditions within the GIT. Studies in animal models have proven that dietary BBI from several legume sources, including soybean, pea, lentil and chickpea, can prevent or suppress carcinogenic and inflammatory processes within the GIT. Although the therapeutic targets and the action mechanism of BBI have not yet been elucidated, the emerging evidence suggests that BBI exert their preventive properties via protease inhibition; in this sense, serine proteases should be considered as primary targets in early stages of carcinogenesis. The validation of candidate serine proteases as therapeutic targets together with the identification, within the wide array of natural BBI variants, of the most potent and specific protease inhibitors, are necessary to better understand the potential of this protein family as colorectal chemopreventive agents.
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Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx continues to be the commonest head and neck cancer in many Western countries. The larynx plays a key role for many essential functions, including breathing, voice production, airway protection, and swallowing. The goals of laryngeal cancer treatment are thus to provide best possible oncologic control, while optimizing functional outcomes. In recent decades, the treatment paradigm for advanced laryngeal cancer has shifted from one of primary surgery (total laryngectomy) as gold standard, toward non-surgical organ-preserving treatment using radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. However, concerns have emerged regarding functional outcomes after chemoradiotherapy, as well as possible decreased overall survival in patients with laryngeal cancer. The purpose of the present review is to review surgical and non-surgical options for treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer, as well as the evidence supporting each of these.
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Fu L, Chen Y, Fang J. Legume consumption and colorectal adenoma risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67335. [PMID: 23826270 PMCID: PMC3691186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anticancer effects of legumes have been explored extensively, but evidence from epidemiologic studies on colorectal adenoma is controversial. We performed a meta-analysis to assess these issues. Methods A systemic search of several databases was conducted for relevant studies evaluating the relationship between legume intake and adenoma risk, with no language restriction, from January 1, 1966, to April 1, 2013. Results Three cohort and eleven case control studies with 8,380 cases and a total of 101,856 participants were included in the analysis; the pooled odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the highest vs. lowest consumption categories was 0.83 (0.75–0.93), with moderate level of heterogeneity (I2 = 25.9% and P = 0.146) based on a random effects model. A decreased risk of adenoma was also observed in most of our subgroup meta-analyses. Conclusions Higher intake of legumes significantly reduced the risk of colorectal adenoma in our meta-analysis. Nevertheless, due to possible confounders and bias, further investigations are warranted to confirm this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunqian Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Linna Fu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Daniel CR, Park Y, Chow WH, Graubard BI, Hollenbeck AR, Sinha R. Intake of fiber and fiber-rich plant foods is associated with a lower risk of renal cell carcinoma in a large US cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 97:1036-43. [PMID: 23515007 PMCID: PMC3628376 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.045351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based and fiber-rich diets high in vegetables, fruit, and whole grains are recommended to prevent cancer and chronic conditions associated with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Diet may play a role in the etiology of RCC directly and/or indirectly. OBJECTIVE In a large prospective cohort of US men and women, we comprehensively investigated dietary intake and food sources of fiber in relation to RCC risk. DESIGN Participants of the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study (n = 491,841) completed a self-administered questionnaire of demographics, diet, lifestyle, and medical history. Over 9 (mean) years of follow-up we identified 1816 incident cases of RCC. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated within quintiles by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Total dietary fiber intake was associated with a significant 15-20% lower risk of RCC in the 2 highest quintiles compared with the lowest (P-trend = 0.005). Intakes of legumes, whole grains, and cruciferous vegetables were also associated with a 16-18% reduced risk of RCC. Conversely, refined grain intake was positively associated with RCC risk in a comparison of quintile 5 with quintile 1 (HR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.39; P-trend = 0.04). The inverse association between fiber intake and RCC was consistent among participants who never smoked, had a body mass index [BMI (in kg/m(2))] <30, and did not report a history of diabetes or hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Intake of fiber and fiber-rich plant foods was associated with a significantly lower risk of RCC in this large US cohort. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00340015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie R Daniel
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Dietary dry bean effects on hepatic expression of stress and toxicity-related genes in rats. Br J Nutr 2012; 108 Suppl 1:S37-45. [PMID: 22916814 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) consumption is associated with reduced risk for a number of chronic diseases. In westernised societies, dry bean consumption is particularly low (approximately 2-4 kg/capita per year) and little information is available about the safety of increasing dietary intake in humans to achieve levels that prevent and control chronic diseases. In anticipation of a human intervention study to address the safety and efficacy of increasing bean consumption, a dose-response study with dietary beans was conducted to establish whether increased bean consumption in rats exhibits changes indicative of hepatic stress or toxicity. Transcript levels from a panel of stress and toxicity-related genes were analysed in female Sprague-Dawley rats fed a dose range of dietary beans that bracketed amounts relevant to human consumption globally. Cooked red bean was incorporated into a purified diet formulation at 0, 7·5, 15, 30 or 60 % w/w for the assessment of adaptive patterns of gene expression using quantitative PCR array. Of the eighty-four genes evaluated, the expressions of Cyp3a11, Cyp7a1, Fmo1, Gstm1, Mif and Ugt1a6 were elevated, whereas the expression of Hspa8 was down-regulated. Liver gene expression was not modulated in a manner indicative of an adverse response. Only the expression of the cholesterol 7α hydoxylase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase genes increased in a dose-dependent manner at nutritionally relevant dietary bean concentrations. These candidate genes may contribute to the health benefits attributed to increased bean consumption.
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In vitro investigations of the potential health benefits of Australian-grown faba beans (Vicia faba L.): chemopreventative capacity and inhibitory effects on the angiotensin-converting enzyme, α-glucosidase and lipase. Br J Nutr 2012; 108 Suppl 1:S123-34. [PMID: 22916808 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512000803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The functional properties, including antioxidant and chemopreventative capacities as well as the inhibitory effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase, of three Australian-grown faba bean genotypes (Nura, Rossa and TF(Ic*As)*483/13) were investigated using an array of in vitro assays. Chromatograms of on-line post column derivatisation assay coupled with HPLC revealed the existence of active phenolics (hump) in the coloured genotypes, which was lacking in the white-coloured breeding line, TF(Ic*As)*483/13. Roasting reduced the phenolic content, and diminished antioxidant activity by 10-40 % as measured by the reagent-based assays (diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) in all genotypes. Cell culture-based antioxidant activity assay (cellular antioxidant activity) showed an increase of activity in the coloured genotypes after roasting. Faba bean extracts demonstrated cellular protection ability against H₂O₂-induced DNA damage (assessed using RAW264.7 cells), and inhibited the proliferation of all human cancer cell lines (BL13, AGS, Hep G2 and HT-29) evaluated. However, the effect of faba bean extracts on the non-transformed human cells (CCD-18Co) was negligible. Flow cytometric analyses showed that faba bean extracts successfully induced apoptosis of HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukaemia) cells. The faba bean extracts also exhibited ACE, α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. Overall, extracts from Nura (buff-coloured) and Rossa (red-coloured) were comparable, while TF(Ic*As)*483/13 (white-coloured) contained the lowest phenolic content and exhibited the least antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities. These results are important to promote the utilisation of faba beans in human diets for various health benefits.
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Aune D, Deneo-Pellegrini H, Ronco AL, Boffetta P, Acosta G, Mendilaharsu M, De Stefani E. Dietary folate intake and the risk of 11 types of cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay. Ann Oncol 2010; 22:444-51. [PMID: 20647222 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited, but inconclusive, epidemiological evidence that high folate intake decreases the risk of colorectal and esophageal cancers. For other cancer sites, the evidence is even less consistent or extensive. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a case-control study of dietary folate intake and risk of 11 cancer sites in Uruguay between 1996 and 2004, including 3539 cancer cases and 2032 hospital controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cancer associated with folate intake. RESULTS In the multivariable model, there was a significant decrease in the risk of cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx (OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.24-0.98), esophagus (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.14-0.60), upper aerodigestive tract (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.26-0.65), colorectum (OR = 0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.76) and kidney (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.13-0.93) for the highest versus the lowest quartile of dietary folate intake. CONCLUSIONS Our results not only confirm earlier findings of decreased risk of colorectal and esophageal cancers with a high dietary folate intake but also suggest decreased risk of several other cancers. However, we cannot exclude the possibility that residual confounding, multiple comparisons or other forms of bias could explain these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Ronco AL, De Stéfani E, Stoll M. Hormonal and metabolic modulation through nutrition: towards a primary prevention of breast cancer. Breast 2010; 19:322-32. [PMID: 20542695 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a polygenic and multifactorial disease for which estrogens have been recognized as the main risk factor, and for which lifestyle plays a key role. Previous epidemiologic cancer research performed in Uruguayan population delimited its dietary and anthropometric profiles. Recognizing the difficulty for universalizing a nutritional basis for prevention due to different eating patterns among regions and countries, we summarize the existent knowledge linking nutrition, estrogens, metabolism and BC. As an attempt towards primary prevention of BC, we present recommendations mainly based on country-specific research findings and modifiable putative risk and protective factors, proposing to modify the intake of meats and other fatty foods--especially sources of Ω-6 and Ω-3 fatty acids--adding olive oil, selected vegetables, citrus fruits and working towards adequate body fat/muscle proportions. From a medical and ethical viewpoint, it is justified to recommend certain nutritional changes to women, because no adverse side effects are expected to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro L Ronco
- Depto. de Epidemiología, Facultad de Medicina, IUCLAEH, Prado and Salt Lake P.16, Maldonado, Uruguay.
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Polesel J, Talamini R, Negri E, Bosetti C, Boz G, Lucenteforte E, Franceschi S, Serraino D, La Vecchia C. Dietary habits and risk of pancreatic cancer: an Italian case–control study. Cancer Causes Control 2009; 21:493-500. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-009-9480-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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