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Wang J, Li S, Zhang X, Zhu N, Yiminniyaze R, Dong L, Li C, Gulinuer W, Xia J, Li J, Zhou D, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1 suppresses lung cancer through Src/ERK/YAP1 signaling. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:3042-3051. [PMID: 36193770 PMCID: PMC9626330 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reveal the function of protein tyrosine phosphatase-L1 (PTPL1) in lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS Lung cancer cell lines were transfected with short hairpin RNA against PTPL1 (shPTPL1 group) or negative control (shmock group). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to verify the transfection efficacy. Cell proliferation was analyzed by ethynyldeoxyuridine (EdU), Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), and colony formation assay after PTPL1 or PTPL1 and yes-associated protein (YAP1) knockdown. The effect of PTPL1 on tumor growth was examined in a xenograft lung cancer model. RESULTS PTPL1 was downregulated in various types of lung cancer cell lines. The EdU, CCK8, colony formation assays and investigation using a xenograft lung cancer model indicated that PTPL1 knockdown increased the proliferation of lung cancer cells. Mechanistically, PTPL1 knockdown induced the activation of the Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase SRC (Src)/Extracellular regulated MAP kinase (ERK) pathway and thereby promoted yes-associated protein (YAP1) nuclear translocation and activation. CONCLUSIONS In our study, PTPL1 played a crucial suppressive role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer potentially through counteracting the Src/ERK/YAP1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuanghui Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruzetuoheti Yiminniyaze
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chengwei Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wumaier Gulinuer
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingwen Xia
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Daibing Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xinning Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Youzhi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shengqing Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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2
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Pardella E, Pranzini E, Leo A, Taddei ML, Paoli P, Raugei G. Oncogenic Tyrosine Phosphatases: Novel Therapeutic Targets for Melanoma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2799. [PMID: 33003469 PMCID: PMC7599540 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a large number of therapeutic options available, malignant melanoma remains a highly fatal disease, especially in its metastatic forms. The oncogenic role of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) is becoming increasingly clear, paving the way for novel antitumor treatments based on their inhibition. In this review, we present the oncogenic PTPs contributing to melanoma progression and we provide, where available, a description of new inhibitory strategies designed against these enzymes and possibly useful in melanoma treatment. Considering the relevance of the immune infiltrate in supporting melanoma progression, we also focus on the role of PTPs in modulating immune cell activity, identifying interesting therapeutic options that may support the currently applied immunomodulating approaches. Collectively, this information highlights the value of going further in the development of new strategies targeting oncogenic PTPs to improve the efficacy of melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Pardella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (E.P.); (A.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Erica Pranzini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (E.P.); (A.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Angela Leo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (E.P.); (A.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Maria Letizia Taddei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Paolo Paoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (E.P.); (A.L.); (G.R.)
| | - Giovanni Raugei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (E.P.); (A.L.); (G.R.)
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3
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Zhang X, Li J, Yang Q, Wang Y, Li X, Liu Y, Shan B. Tumor mutation burden and JARID2 gene alteration are associated with short disease-free survival in locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1052. [PMID: 33145271 PMCID: PMC7576007 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background In locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), patients who did not achieve pathologic complete response (non-pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy develop rapid tumor metastasis. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is a potential biomarker of cancer therapy, though whether it is applicable to TNBC is still unclear. Methods A total of 14 non-pCR TNBC patients were enrolled, and tissue samples from radical operation were collected. Of these, 7 cases developed disease progression within 12 months after operation [short disease-free survival (short DFS)], while others showed longer DFS over 1 year (long DFS). Next generation sequencing (NGS) analysis targeting 422 cancer-related genes and in vitro studies were performed. Results A total of 72 mutations were detected within 14 patients, which ranged from 1 to 8 per patient with a median mutations number of 5. The median number of mutations in the short-DFS group was higher than that in the long-DFS group (6.0 vs. 4.3; P=0.094). Furthermore, 6 gene mutation types were detected, with missense mutations displayed in the majority (36/72, 50.0%). No correlation between mutation type and DFS was found. Among 422 cancer-related genes, alterations in 30 genes were detected. TP53 (12/14, 85.7%) was the most common mutation gene in the entire cohort. RB1 mutations significantly occurred in patients with high Ki-67 scores (P=0.013). Additionally, 4 mutations of PTPN13 (57.1%, 4/7) and 3 of JARID2 (42.9%, 3/7) were only detected in the short-DFS group, while patients with JARID2 mutation had a significantly shorter DFS period (P=0.026). Experiments in vitro confirmed that JARID2 gene was widely expressed in various breast cancer cell lines. Knockdown of JARID2 in MD-MBA-231 cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA) decreased the expression of E-cadherin, and increased the levels of vimentin, MMP7, and MMP9. Conclusions In non-pCR TNBC, JARID2 mutation and TMB elevated in patients with short-DFS, indicating the potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic molecular targets for locally advanced TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmei Zhang
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jingping Li
- Breast Cancer Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Medical Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinhui Li
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yunjiang Liu
- Breast Cancer Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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4
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Hamyeh M, Bernex F, Larive RM, Naldi A, Urbach S, Simony-Lafontaine J, Puech C, Bakhache W, Solassol J, Coopman PJ, Hendriks WJ, Freiss G. PTPN13 induces cell junction stabilization and inhibits mammary tumor invasiveness. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:1016-1032. [PMID: 31938048 PMCID: PMC6956795 DOI: 10.7150/thno.38537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical data suggest that the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 exerts an anti-oncogenic effect. Its exact role in tumorigenesis remains, however, unclear due to its negative impact on FAS receptor-induced apoptosis. Methods: We crossed transgenic mice deleted for PTPN13 phosphatase activity with mice that overexpress human HER2 to assess the exact role of PTPN13 in tumor development and aggressiveness. To determine the molecular mechanism underlying the PTPN13 tumor suppressor activity we developed isogenic clones of the aggressive human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 overexpressing either wild type or a catalytically-inactive mutant PTPN13 and subjected these to phosphoproteomic and gene ontology analyses. We investigated the PTPN13 consequences on cell aggressiveness using wound healing and Boyden chamber assays, on intercellular adhesion using videomicroscopy, cell aggregation assay and immunofluorescence. Results: The development, growth and invasiveness of breast tumors were strongly increased by deletion of the PTPN13 phosphatase activity in transgenic mice. We observed that PTPN13 phosphatase activity is required to inhibit cell motility and invasion in the MDA-MB-231 cell line overexpressing PTPN13. In vivo, the negative PTPN13 effect on tumor invasiveness was associated with a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition phenotype in athymic mice xenografted with PTPN13-overexpressing MDA-MB-231 cells, as well as in HER2-overexpressing mice with wild type PTPN13, compared to HER2-overexpressing mice that lack PTPN13 phosphatase activity. Phosphoproteomic and gene ontology analyses indicated a role of PTPN13 in the regulation of intercellular junction-related proteins. Finally, protein localization studies in MDA-MB-231 cells and HER2-overexpressing mice tumors confirmed that PTPN13 stabilizes intercellular adhesion and promotes desmosome formation. Conclusions: These data provide the first evidence for the negative role of PTPN13 in breast tumor invasiveness and highlight its involvement in cell junction stabilization.
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Protein Phosphatases-A Touchy Enemy in the Battle Against Glioblastomas: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020241. [PMID: 30791455 PMCID: PMC6406705 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant tumor arising from brain parenchyma. Although many efforts have been made to develop therapies for GBM, the prognosis still remains poor, mainly because of the difficulty in total resection of the tumor mass from brain tissue and the resistance of the residual tumor against standard chemoradiotherapy. Therefore, novel adjuvant therapies are urgently needed. Recent genome-wide analyses of GBM cases have clarified molecular signaling mechanisms underlying GBM biology. However, results of clinical trials targeting phosphorylation-mediated signaling have been unsatisfactory to date. Protein phosphatases are enzymes that antagonize phosphorylation signaling by dephosphorylating phosphorylated signaling molecules. Recently, the critical roles of phosphatases in the regulation of oncogenic signaling in malignant tumor cells have been reported, and tumorigenic roles of deregulated phosphatases have been demonstrated in GBM. However, a detailed mechanism underlying phosphatase-mediated signaling transduction in the regulation of GBM has not been elucidated, and such information is necessary to apply phosphatases as a therapeutic target for GBM. This review highlights and summarizes the phosphatases that have crucial roles in the regulation of oncogenic signaling in GBM cells.
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The Phosphatase PTPL1 Is Required for PTEN-Mediated Regulation of Apical Membrane Size. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00102-18. [PMID: 29581186 PMCID: PMC5974425 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00102-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN is a tumor suppressor that is frequently lost in epithelial malignancies. A part of the tumor-suppressive properties of PTEN is attributed to its function in cell polarization and consequently its role in maintaining epithelial tissue integrity. However, surprisingly little is known about the function and regulation of PTEN during epithelial cell polarization. We used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated gene disruption to delete PTEN in intestinal epithelial Ls174T:W4 cells, which upon differentiation form a microvillus-covered apical membrane (brush border) on a part of the cell cortex, independent of cell-cell junctions. We show that loss of PTEN results in the formation of a larger brush border that, in a fraction of the cells, even spans the entire plasma membrane, revealing that PTEN functions in the regulation of apical membrane size. Depletion of the phosphatase PTPL1 resulted in a similar defect. PTPL1 interacts with PTEN, and this interaction is necessary for apical membrane enrichment of PTEN. Importantly, phosphatase activity of PTPL1 is not required, indicating that PTPL1 functions as an anchor protein in this process. Our work thus demonstrates a novel function for PTEN during cell polarization in controlling apical membrane size and identifies PTPL1 as a critical apical membrane anchor for PTEN in this process.
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7
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D'Hondt V, Lacroix-Triki M, Jarlier M, Boissiere-Michot F, Puech C, Coopman P, Katsaros D, Freiss G. High PTPN13 expression in high grade serous ovarian carcinoma is associated with a better patient outcome. Oncotarget 2017; 8:95662-95673. [PMID: 29221157 PMCID: PMC5707051 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosome 4q loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is frequently observed in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). However, this LOH has not been clearly associated with the inactivation of any tumor suppressor gene(s). As the tumor suppressor gene PTPN13 is located on chromosome 4q21, we investigated its expression in HGSOC. Methods PTPN13 protein expression was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in normal ovary epithelium and in 30 HGSOC samples, whereas PTPN13 mRNA expression was quantified by RT-PCR in another independent cohort of 28 HGSOC samples. Patients in both cohorts were followed for more than 8.5 years. Results PTPN13 protein expression was lower in one third of HGSOC samples compared with normal ovary epithelium. In both cohorts, high PTPN13 expression level (mRNA or protein) in the tumor was associated with favorable outcome and significantly longer survival (HR=0.27; p=0.0087 and HR=0.42; p=0.03, respectively). Conclusion This study demonstrates, for the first time, that high PTPN13 expression level is a prognostic indicator of favorable outcome in patients with HGSOC. This finding, in conjunction with our previous mechanistic studies, suggests that PTPN13 loss, possibly by 4q LOH, enhances HGSOC aggressiveness and highlight the interest of studying PTPN13 signaling in HGSOC to identify new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique D'Hondt
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Magalie Lacroix-Triki
- Département de Biologie et Pathologie Médicales, Gustave-Roussy Cancer Campus, 94805 Villejuif cedex, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Unité de Biométrie, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Florence Boissiere-Michot
- Unité de Recherche Translationnelle, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Carole Puech
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,INSERM, U 1194, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34090, France
| | - Peter Coopman
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,INSERM, U 1194, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34090, France
| | - Dionyssios Katsaros
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Cittadella Salute, Presidio S. Anna and Department of Surgical Science, Gynecology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gilles Freiss
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France.,INSERM, U 1194, Montpellier F-34298, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34090, France
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8
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Elson A. Stepping out of the shadows: Oncogenic and tumor-promoting protein tyrosine phosphatases. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 96:135-147. [PMID: 28941747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is critical for proper function of cells and organisms. Phosphorylation is regulated by the concerted but generically opposing activities of tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which ensure its proper regulation, reversibility, and ability to respond to changing physiological situations. Historically, PTKs have been associated mainly with oncogenic and pro-tumorigenic activities, leading to the generalization that protein dephosphorylation is anti-oncogenic and hence that PTPs are tumor-suppressors. In many cases PTPs do suppress tumorigenesis. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that PTPs act as dominant oncogenes and drive cell transformation in a number of contexts, while in others PTPs support transformation that is driven by other oncogenes. This review summarizes the known transforming and tumor-promoting activities of the classical, tyrosine specific PTPs and highlights their potential as drug targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Elson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.
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9
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Bishop AC. A missense methionine mutation augments catalytic activity but reduces thermal stability in two protein tyrosine phosphatases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 481:153-158. [PMID: 27816449 PMCID: PMC5118098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent data sets that catalog the missense mutations in thousands of human genomes have revealed a vast and largely unexplored world of non-canonical protein sequences that are expressed in humans. The functional consequences of most human missense mutations, however, are unknown, and the accuracy with which their effects can be predicted by computational algorithms remains unclear. Among humans of European descent, the most common missense mutation in the catalytic domain of SH2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) converts the enzyme's canonical valine 451 to methionine (V451M). The V451M mutation lies in a conserved motif adjacent to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) consensus sequence and is predicted to compromise catalytic function. In this study it is shown that, counter to prediction, V451M SHP-1 possesses increased catalytic activity as compared to the wild-type enzyme. Additionally, a PTP-wide search of missense-mutation data revealed a variant of one other PTP, Fas-associated PTP (FAP-1), that contains a methionine mutation at the position corresponding to 451 of SHP-1 (T2406M FAP-1). It is shown here that the T2406M mutation increases FAP-1's PTP activity, to a degree that is comparable to the activation deriving from the V451M mutation in SHP-1. Although the two non-canonical methionine residues confer increased activity at moderate temperatures, both V451M SHP-1 and T2406M FAP-1 are less thermally stable than their canonical counterparts, as demonstrated by the mutants' strongly reduced activities at high temperatures. These results highlight the challenges in predicting the functional consequences of missense mutations, which can differ under varying conditions, and suggest that, with regard to position 451/2406, canonical PTP domains have "chosen" stability over optimized activity during the course of evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony C Bishop
- Amherst College, Department of Chemistry, Amherst, MA 01002, USA.
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10
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Zhan H, Jiang J, Luo C, Sun Q, Ke A, Sun C, Hu J, Hu Z, Hu B, Zhu K, Fan J, Zhou J, Huang X. Tumour-suppressive role of PTPN13 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical significance. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9691-8. [PMID: 26801674 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality and carries a dismal prognosis. The present study aimed to identify the tumour-suppressive role and clinical implications of PTPN13 in HCC progression. We tested the effects of PTPN13 expression in proliferation, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and associated pathways in HCC cell lines in vitro. Furthermore, its clinical relevance was evaluated in a tissue microarray analysis of samples from 282 HCC patients. Various HCC cell lines expressed relatively low PTPN13 protein levels in vitro. PTPN13 overexpression significantly inhibited the progression of HCC cells, possibly by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition through inactivation of the EGFR/ERK signalling pathway. Tissue microarray analysis revealed that high PTPN13 expression was correlated with a favourable prognosis in postoperative HCC patients. This study demonstrated the tumour suppressor, PTPN13, as an alternative therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chubin Luo
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiman Sun
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiwu Ke
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwu Hu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Fan
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowu Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Colbert PL, Vermeer DW, Wieking BG, Lee JH, Vermeer PD. EphrinB1: novel microtubule associated protein whose expression affects taxane sensitivity. Oncotarget 2015; 6:953-68. [PMID: 25436983 PMCID: PMC4359267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs) are components of the cytoskeleton made up of polymerized alpha and beta tubulin dimers. MT structure and function must be maintained throughout the cell cycle to ensure proper execution of mitosis and cellular homeostasis. The protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPN13, localizes to distinct compartments during mitosis and cytokinesis. We have previously demonstrated that the HPV16 E6 oncoprotein binds PTPN13 and leads to its degradation. Thus, we speculated that HPV infection may affect cellular proliferation by altering the localization of a PTPN13 phosphatase substrate, EphrinB1, during mitosis. Here we report that EphrinB1 co-localizes with MTs during all phases of the cell cycle. Specifically, a cleaved, unphosphorylated EphrinB1 fragment directly binds tubulin, while its phosphorylated form lacks MT binding capacity. These findings suggest that EphrinB1 is a novel microtubule associated protein (MAP). Importantly, we show that in the context of HPV16 E6 expression, EphrinB1 affects taxane response in vitro. We speculate that this reflects PTPN13's modulation of EphrinB1 phosphorylation and suggest that EphrinB1 is an important contributor to taxane sensitivity/resistance phenotypes in epithelial cancers. Thus, HPV infection or functional mutations of PTPN13 in non-viral cancers may predict taxane sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Colbert
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Daniel W Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Bryant G Wieking
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - John H Lee
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
| | - Paola D Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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12
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Wang W, Wang J, Li M, Ying J, Jing H. 5-Azacitidine induces demethylation of PTPL1 and inhibits growth in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:698-704. [PMID: 26133246 PMCID: PMC4533776 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) consists of various lymphoid malignancies with a diverse clinical pathology and biological characteristics. Methylation of cytosine residues by DNA methyltransferases at CpG dinucleotides in the promoter region of the genes is a major epigenetic modification in mammalian genomes that can have profound effects on gene expression. The PTPL1 methylation pattern was screened by methylation‑specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in 7 lymphoma‑derived cell lines and in 47 samples of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The PTPL1 gene was hypermethylated in the CA46, Raji, Jurkat and DB cell lines; however, it was unmethylated in the Hut78, Maver and Z138 cell lines. The expression of PTPL1 mRNA was re‑inducible by 5‑azacytidine (5‑Aza), an agent of DNA demethylation. The methylations were detected in 59.6% of DLBCL versus 6.3% in reactive lymph node proliferation. Therefore, the present data showed that PTPL1 was epigenetically regulated in NHL suggesting an involvement of the PTPL1 tumor‑suppressor genes in NHL, and highlights 5-Aza as a potential therapeutic candidate for NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Jing
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
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Gatti L, Cassinelli G, Zaffaroni N, Lanzi C, Perego P. New mechanisms for old drugs: Insights into DNA-unrelated effects of platinum compounds and drug resistance determinants. Drug Resist Updat 2015; 20:1-11. [PMID: 26003720 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Platinum drugs have been widely used for the treatment of several solid tumors. Although DNA has been recognized as the primary cellular target for these agents, there are unresolved issues concerning their effects and the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor efficacy. These cytotoxic agents interact with sub-cellular compartments other than the nucleus. Here, we review how such emerging phenomena contribute to the pharmacologic activity as well as to drug resistance phenotypes. DNA-unrelated effects of platinum drugs involve alterations at the plasma membrane and in endo-lysosomal compartments. A direct interaction with the mitochondria also appears to be implicated in drug-induced cell death. Moreover, the pioneering work of a few groups has shown that platinum drugs can act on the tumor microenvironment as well, and potentiate antitumor activity of the immune system. These poorly understood aspects of platinum drug activity sites may be harnessed to enhance their antitumor efficacy. A complete understanding of DNA-unrelated effects of platinum compounds might reveal new aspects of drug resistance allowing the implementation of the antitumor therapeutic efficacy of platinum compound-based regimens and minimization of their toxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gatti
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cassinelli
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lanzi
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Perego
- Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42/via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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14
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Blöchliger N, Xu M, Caflisch A. Peptide Binding to a PDZ Domain by Electrostatic Steering via Nonnative Salt Bridges. Biophys J 2015; 108:2362-70. [PMID: 25954893 PMCID: PMC4423040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have captured the binding of a peptide to a PDZ domain by unbiased molecular dynamics simulations. Analysis of the trajectories reveals on-pathway encounter complex formation, which is driven by electrostatic interactions between negatively charged carboxylate groups in the peptide and positively charged side chains surrounding the binding site. In contrast, the final stereospecific complex, which matches the crystal structure, features completely different interactions, namely the burial of the hydrophobic side chain of the peptide C-terminal residue and backbone hydrogen bonds. The simulations show that nonnative salt bridges stabilize kinetically the encounter complex during binding. Unbinding follows the inverse sequence of events with the same nonnative salt bridges in the encounter complex. Thus, in contrast to protein folding, which is driven by native interactions, the binding of charged peptides can be steered by nonnative interactions, which might be a general mechanism, e.g., in the recognition of histone tails by bromodomains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amedeo Caflisch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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15
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PTEN–PDZ domain interactions: Binding of PTEN to PDZ domains of PTPN13. Methods 2015; 77-78:147-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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16
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Identification of a novel stress regulated FERM domain containing cytosolic protein having PTP activity in Setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:194-200. [PMID: 25645020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A 67 kDa cytosolic FERM domain containing protein having significant protein tyrosine phosphatases activity (PTPL) has been purified to homogeneity from Setaria cervi, a bovine filarial parasite. The MALDI-MS/MS analysis of the purified protein revealed 16 peptide peaks showing nearest match to Brugia malayi Moesin/ezrin/radixin homolog 1 protein and one peptide showing significant similarity with a region lying in the catalytic domain of human PTPD1. PTPL showed significant cross reactivity with the human PTP1B antibody and colocalize with actin in the coelomyrian cells of hypodermis in the parasite. PTPL was stress regulated as it showed marked decrease in the expression when exposed to Aspirin, an antifilarial drug and Phenylarsine Oxide, PTP inhibitor.
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17
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Liu C, Chen Z, Hu X, Wang L, Li C, Xue J, Zhang P, Chen W, Jiang A. MicroRNA-185 downregulates androgen receptor expression in the LNCaP prostate carcinoma cell line. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4625-32. [PMID: 25673182 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether microRNA (miR)‑185 downregulated androgen receptor expression in the LNCaP prostate carcinoma cell line. Human prostate cancer (PCa) LNCaP cells were cultured and transfected with synthetic has‑miR‑185 mimic or inhibitor. The transfected cells were subsequently evaluated with a viability assay, nuclear staining, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), dual luciferase assay and western blot analysis. The results of the western blot analysis and RT‑qPCR indicated that transfection with an miR‑185 mimic markedly reduced the androgen receptor (AR) protein expression levels in LNCaP cells, whereas transfection with an miR‑185 inhibitor increased the protein expression of AR in the LNCaP cells. The results of the luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that the predicted target site in the AR 3' untranslated regions was a specific functional binding site for miR‑185, and that AR was a direct target of miR‑185. In addition, downregulation of AR by miR‑185 impaired the interaction between AR and androgen response element, and downregulated the expression of the AR target gene prostate specific antigen. Data also suggested that the downregulation of AR mediated by miR‑185, inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of the LNCaP cells. Therefore, the results of the present study suggested that miR‑185 may be a potential negative modulator of AR‑mediated signaling and may act as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Pengju Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Weiwen Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Anli Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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18
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Dubreuil V, Sap J, Harroch S. Protein tyrosine phosphatase regulation of stem and progenitor cell biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 37:82-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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He RJ, Yu ZH, Zhang RY, Zhang ZY. Protein tyrosine phosphatases as potential therapeutic targets. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2014; 35:1227-46. [PMID: 25220640 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is a key regulatory process in virtually all aspects of cellular functions. Dysregulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation is a major cause of human diseases, such as cancers, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and neurological diseases. Indeed, protein tyrosine phosphorylation-mediated signaling events offer ample therapeutic targets, and drug discovery efforts to date have brought over two dozen kinase inhibitors to the clinic. Accordingly, protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are considered next-generation drug targets. For instance, PTP1B is a well-known targets of type 2 diabetes and obesity, and recent studies indicate that it is also a promising target for breast cancer. SHP2 is a bona-fide oncoprotein, mutations of which cause juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and solid tumors. In addition, LYP is strongly associated with type 1 diabetes and many other autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes recent findings on several highly recognized PTP family drug targets, including PTP1B, Src homology phosphotyrosyl phosphatase 2(SHP2), lymphoid-specific tyrosine phosphatase (LYP), CD45, Fas associated phosphatase-1 (FAP-1), striatal enriched tyrosine phosphatases (STEP), mitogen-activated protein kinase/dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (MKP-1), phosphatases of regenerating liver-1 (PRL), low molecular weight PTPs (LMWPTP), and CDC25. Given that there are over 100 family members, we hope this review will serve as a road map for innovative drug discovery targeting PTPs.
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20
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Sardina JL, López-Ruano G, Prieto-Bermejo R, Sánchez-Sánchez B, Pérez-Fernández A, Sánchez-Abarca LI, Pérez-Simón JA, Quintales L, Sánchez-Yagüe J, Llanillo M, Antequera F, Hernández-Hernández A. PTPN13 regulates cellular signalling and β-catenin function during megakaryocytic differentiation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2886-99. [PMID: 25193362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PTPN13 is a high-molecular weight intracellular phosphatase with several isoforms that exhibits a highly modular structure. Although in recent years different roles have been described for PTPN13, we are still far from understanding its function in cell biology. Here we show that PTPN13 expression is activated during megakaryocytic differentiation at the protein and mRNA level. Our results show that the upregulation of PTPN13 inhibits megakaryocytic differentiation, while PTPN13 silencing triggers differentiation. The ability of PTPN13 to alter megakaryocytic differentiation can be explained by its capacity to regulate ERK and STAT signalling. Interestingly, the silencing of β-catenin produced the same effect as PTPN13 downregulation. We demonstrate that both proteins coimmunoprecipitate and colocalise. Moreover, we provide evidence showing that PTPN13 can regulate β-catenin phosphorylation, stability and transcriptional activity. Therefore, the ability of PTPN13 to control megakaryocytic differentiation must be intimately linked to the regulation of β-catenin function. Moreover, our results show for the first time that PTPN13 is stabilised upon Wnt signalling, which makes PTPN13 an important player in canonical Wnt signalling. Our results show that PTPN13 behaves as an important regulator of megakaryocytic differentiation in cell lines and also in murine haematopoietic progenitors. This importance can be explained by the ability of PTPN13 to regulate cellular signalling, and especially through the regulation of β-catenin stability and function. Our results hold true for different megakaryocytic cell lines and also for haematopoietic progenitors, suggesting that these two proteins may play a relevant role during in vivo megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Sardina
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBFG, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Ruano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Prieto-Bermejo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Alejandro Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Pérez-Simón
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/IBIS/CSIC/University of Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Quintales
- IBFG, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Jesús Sánchez-Yagüe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcial Llanillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Francisco Antequera
- IBFG, Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, CSIC, Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Angel Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; IBSAL (Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca), Salamanca 37007, Spain.
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21
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Nunes-Xavier CE, Martín-Pérez J, Elson A, Pulido R. Protein tyrosine phosphatases as novel targets in breast cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2013; 1836:211-26. [PMID: 23756181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is linked to hyperactivation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), and recent studies have unveiled that selective tyrosine dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) of specific substrates, including PTKs, may activate or inactivate oncogenic pathways in human breast cancer cell growth-related processes. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of PTPs in breast cancer, as major regulators of breast cancer therapy-targeted PTKs, such as HER1/EGFR, HER2/Neu, and Src. The functional interplay between PTKs and PTK-activating or -inactivating PTPs, and its implications in novel breast cancer therapies based on targeting of specific PTPs, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Nunes-Xavier
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Hospital de Cruces, Plaza Cruces s/n, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
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22
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Hendriks WJAJ, Pulido R. Protein tyrosine phosphatase variants in human hereditary disorders and disease susceptibilities. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1673-96. [PMID: 23707412 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reversible tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins is a key regulatory mechanism to steer normal development and physiological functioning of multicellular organisms. Phosphotyrosine dephosphorylation is exerted by members of the super-family of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) enzymes and many play such essential roles that a wide variety of hereditary disorders and disease susceptibilities in man are caused by PTP alleles. More than two decades of PTP research has resulted in a collection of PTP genetic variants with corresponding consequences at the molecular, cellular and physiological level. Here we present a comprehensive overview of these PTP gene variants that have been linked to disease states in man. Although the findings have direct bearing for disease diagnostics and for research on disease etiology, more work is necessary to translate this into therapies that alleviate the burden of these hereditary disorders and disease susceptibilities in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiljan J A J Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Sugiyama H, Mizutani K, Kurita S, Okimoto N, Shimono Y, Takai Y. Interaction of Necl-4/CADM4 with ErbB3 and integrin α6 β4 and inhibition of ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling and hemidesmosome disassembly. Genes Cells 2013; 18:519-28. [PMID: 23611113 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nectin-like molecule 4 (Necl-4)/CADM4, a transmembrane cell-cell adhesion molecule with three Ig-like domains, was shown to serve as a tumor suppressor, but its mode of action has not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that Necl-4 interacted in cis with ErbB3 through their extracellular regions, recruited PTPN13 and inhibited the heregulin-induced activation of the ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling. In addition, we extended our previous finding that Necl-4 interacts in cis with integrin α6 β4 through their extracellular regions and found that Necl-4 inhibited the phorbol ester-induced disassembly of hemidesmosomes. These results indicate that Necl-4 serves as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling and hemidesmosome disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Sugiyama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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24
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FBXL2- and PTPL1-mediated degradation of p110-free p85β regulatory subunit controls the PI(3)K signalling cascade. Nat Cell Biol 2013; 15:472-80. [PMID: 23604317 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
F-box proteins are the substrate-recognition subunits of SCF (Skp1/Cul1/F-box protein) ubiquitin ligase complexes. Purification of the F-box protein FBXL2 identified the PI(3)K regulatory subunit p85β and tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1 as interacting proteins. FBXL2 interacts with the pool of p85β that is free of p110 PI(3)K catalytic subunits and targets this pool for ubiquitylation and subsequent proteasomal degradation. FBXL2-mediated degradation of p85β is dependent on the integrity of its CaaX motif. Whereas most SCF substrates require phosphorylation to interact with their F-box proteins, phosphorylation of p85β on Tyr 655, which is adjacent to the degron, inhibits p85β binding to FBXL2. Dephosphorylation of phospho-Tyr-655 by PTPL1 stimulates p85β binding to and degradation through FBXL2. Finally, defects in the FBXL2-mediated degradation of p85β inhibit the binding of p110 subunits to IRS1, attenuate the PI(3)K signalling cascade and promote autophagy. We propose that FBXL2 and PTPL1 suppress p85β levels, preventing the inhibition of PI(3)K by an excess of free p85 that could compete with p85-p110 heterodimers for IRS1.
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25
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Abstract
PTPL1 is a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase involved in apoptosis regulation, although controversial findings have been reported in different cancer types. We report here a proapoptotic role for PTPL1 in PC3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cells, as its absence induces apoptosis resistance upon treatment with different drugs. In PC3 cells, PTPL1 silencing by small interfering RNA influences the expression levels of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1S proteins as well as final events in the apoptotic process such as activation of caspases and caspase-mediated cleavage of proteins like Mcl-1 or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. We have identified PKCδ as an intermediary of PTPL1-mediated apoptotic signalling and that phosphorylation status of NF-κB and IκBα is influenced by PTPL1 and PKCδ. Furthermore, the loss of PTPL1 and PKCδ expression in poorly differentiated, more aggressive human prostate cancers also indicate that their absence could be related to apoptosis resistance and tumour progression.
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26
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Momose K, Minami A, Shimono Y, Mizutani K, Nobutani K, Azuma T, Takai Y. miR-214 and hypoxia down-regulate Necl-2/CADM1 and enhance ErbB2/ErbB3 signaling. Genes Cells 2013; 18:195-202. [DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yohei Shimono
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho; Chuo-ku; Kobe; 650-0017; Japan
| | - Kiyohito Mizutani
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho; Chuo-ku; Kobe; 650-0017; Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology; Department of Internal Medicine; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho; Chuo-ku; Kobe; 650-0017; Japan
| | - Yoshimi Takai
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho; Chuo-ku; Kobe; 650-0017; Japan
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27
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Abaan OD, Hendriks W, Üren A, Toretsky JA, Erkizan HV. Valosin containing protein (VCP/p97) is a novel substrate for the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1. Exp Cell Res 2013; 319:1-11. [PMID: 23018179 PMCID: PMC3638858 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Identification of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTP) substrates is critical in understanding cellular role in normal cells as well as cancer cells. We have previously shown that reduction of PTPL1 protein levels in Ewings sarcoma (ES) inhibit cell growth and tumorigenesis. Therefore, we sought to identify novel PTPL1 substrates that may be important for tumorigenesis. In this current work, we demonstrated that mouse embryonic fibroblasts without PTPL1 catalytic activity fail to form foci when transfected with oncogenes. We proved that catalytic activity of PTPL1 is important for ES cell growth. Using a substrate-trapping mutant of PTPL1 we identified putative PTPL1 substrates by mass-spectrometry. One of these putative substrates was characterized as Valosin Containing Protein (VCP/p97). Using multiple biochemical assays we validated VCP as a novel substrate of PTPL1. We also provide evidence that tyrosine phosphorylation of VCP might be important for its midbody localization during cytokinesis. In conclusion, our work identifies VCP as a new substrate for PTPL1, which may be important in cellular transformation. Our investigation link an oncogenic transcription factor EWS-FLI1, with a key transcriptional target protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1, and its substrate VCP. Given our observation that PTPL1 catalytic activity is important for cell transformation, our results may also suggest that VCP regulation by PTPL1 might be important for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogan D. Abaan
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Wiljan Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Aykut Üren
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Toretsky
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Hayriye V. Erkizan
- Departments of Oncology and Pediatrics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Wawrzyniak AM, Kashyap R, Zimmermann P. Phosphoinositides and PDZ domain scaffolds. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2013; 991:41-57. [PMID: 23775690 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-6331-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery that PSD-95/Discs large/ZO-1 (PDZ) domains can function as lipid-binding modules, in particular interacting with phosphoinositides (PIs), was made more than 10 years ago (Mol Cell 9(6): 1215-1225, 2002). Confirmatory studies and a series of functional follow-ups established PDZ domains as dual specificity modules displaying both peptide and lipid binding, and prompted a rethinking of the mode of action of PDZ domains in the control of cell signaling. In this chapter, after introducing PDZ domains, PIs and methods for studying protein-lipid interactions, we focus on (i) the prevalence and the specificity of PDZ-PIs interactions, (ii) the molecular determinants of PDZ-PIs interactions, (iii) the integration of lipid and peptide binding by PDZ domains, (iv) the common features of PIs interacting PDZ domains and (v) the regulation and functional significance of PDZ-PIs interactions.
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Stanford SM, Rapini N, Bottini N. Regulation of TCR signalling by tyrosine phosphatases: from immune homeostasis to autoimmunity. Immunology 2012; 137:1-19. [PMID: 22862552 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03591.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
More than half of the known protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) in the human genome are expressed in T cells, and significant progress has been made in elucidating the biology of these enzymes in T-cell development and function. Here we provide a systematic review of the current understanding of the roles of PTPs in T-cell activation, providing insight into their mechanisms of action and regulation in T-cell receptor signalling, the phenotypes of their genetically modified mice, and their possible involvement in T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease. Our projection is that the interest in PTPs as mediators of T-cell homeostasis will continue to rise with further functional analysis of these proteins, and PTPs will be increasingly considered as targets of immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Stanford
- Division of Cellular Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Hu C, Wei W, Chen X, Woodman CB, Yao Y, Nicholls JM, Joab I, Sihota SK, Shao JY, Derkaoui KD, Amari A, Maloney SL, Bell AI, Murray PG, Dawson CW, Young LS, Arrand JR. A global view of the oncogenic landscape in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an integrated analysis at the genetic and expression levels. PLoS One 2012; 7:e41055. [PMID: 22815911 PMCID: PMC3398876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that the tumour cells of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) exhibit recurrent chromosome abnormalities. These genetic changes are broadly assumed to lead to changes in gene expression which are important for the pathogenesis of this tumour. However, this assumption has yet to be formally tested at a global level. Therefore a genome wide analysis of chromosome copy number and gene expression was performed in tumour cells micro-dissected from the same NPC biopsies. Cellular tumour suppressor and tumour-promoting genes (TSG, TPG) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-encoded oncogenes were examined. The EBV-encoded genome maintenance protein EBNA1, along with the putative oncogenes LMP1, LMP2 and BARF1 were expressed in the majority of NPCs that were analysed. Significant downregulation of expression in an average of 76 cellular TSGs per tumour was found, whilst a per-tumour average of 88 significantly upregulated, TPGs occurred. The expression of around 60% of putative TPGs and TSGs was both up-and down-regulated in different types of cancer, suggesting that the simplistic classification of genes as TSGs or TPGs may not be entirely appropriate and that the concept of context-dependent onco-suppressors may be more extensive than previously recognised. No significant enrichment of TPGs within regions of frequent genomic gain was seen but TSGs were significantly enriched within regions of frequent genomic loss. It is suggested that loss of the FHIT gene may be a driver of NPC tumourigenesis. Notwithstanding the association of TSGs with regions of genomic loss, on a gene by gene basis and excepting homozygous deletions and high-level amplification, there is very little correlation between chromosomal copy number aberrations and expression levels of TSGs and TPGs in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Hu
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wenbin Wei
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Ciaran B. Woodman
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yunhong Yao
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - John M. Nicholls
- Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Irène Joab
- UMR542 Inserm-Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Sim K. Sihota
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jian-Yong Shao
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - K. Dalia Derkaoui
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement et de la Différenciation, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Oran, Oran, Algeria
| | - Aicha Amari
- ORL Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Oran, Algeria
| | | | - Andrew I. Bell
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Paul G. Murray
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lawrence S. Young
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Arrand
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Hoekstra E, Peppelenbosch MP, Fuhler GM. The role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2012; 1826:179-88. [PMID: 22521639 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common oncogenic diseases in the Western world. Several cancer associated cellular pathways have been identified, in which protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, especially on tyrosine residues, are one of most abundant regulatory mechanisms. The balance between these processes is under tight control by protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Aberrant activity of oncogenic PTKs is present in a large portion of human cancers. Because of the counteracting role of PTPs on phosphorylation-based activation of signal pathways, it has long been thought that PTPs must act as tumor suppressors. This dogma is now being challenged, with recent evidence showing that dephosphorylation events induced by some PTPs may actually stimulate tumor formation. As such, PTPs might form a novel attractive target for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the action of different PTPs, the consequences of their altered expression in colorectal cancer, and their potential as target for the treatment of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmer Hoekstra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Castilla C, Flores ML, Conde JM, Medina R, Torrubia FJ, Japón MA, Sáez C. Downregulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1 alters cell cycle and upregulates invasion-related genes in prostate cancer cells. Clin Exp Metastasis 2012; 29:349-58. [PMID: 22274591 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-012-9455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PTPL1, a non-receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatase, has been involved in the regulation of apoptosis and invasiveness of various tumour cell types, but its role in prostate cancer remained to be investigated. We report here that downregulation of PTPL1 by small interfering RNA in PC3 cells decreases cell proliferation and concomitantly reduces the expression of cell cycle-related proteins such as cyclins E and B1, PCNA, PTTG1 and phospho-histone H3. PTPL1 downregulation also increases the invasion ability of PC3 cells through Matrigel coated membranes. cDNA array of PTPL1-silenced PC3 cells versus control cells showed an upregulation of invasion-related genes such as uPA, uPAR, tPA, PAI-1, integrin α6 and osteopontin. This increased expression was also confirmed in PTPL1-silenced DU145 prostate cancer cells by quantitative real time PCR and western blot. These findings suggest that PTPL1 is an important mediator of central cellular processes such as proliferation and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Castilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
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33
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Vermeer PD, Bell M, Lee K, Vermeer DW, Wieking BG, Bilal E, Bhanot G, Drapkin RI, Ganesan S, Klingelhutz AJ, Hendriks WJ, Lee JH. ErbB2, EphrinB1, Src kinase and PTPN13 signaling complex regulates MAP kinase signaling in human cancers. PLoS One 2012; 7:e30447. [PMID: 22279592 PMCID: PMC3261204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In non-cancerous cells, phosphorylated proteins exist transiently, becoming de-phosphorylated by specific phosphatases that terminate propagation of signaling pathways. In cancers, compromised phosphatase activity and/or expression occur and contribute to tumor phenotype. The non-receptor phosphatase, PTPN13, has recently been dubbed a putative tumor suppressor. It decreased expression in breast cancer correlates with decreased overall survival. Here we show that PTPN13 regulates a new signaling complex in breast cancer consisting of ErbB2, Src, and EphrinB1. To our knowledge, this signaling complex has not been previously described. Co-immunoprecipitation and localization studies demonstrate that EphrinB1, a PTPN13 substrate, interacts with ErbB2. In addition, the oncogenic V660E ErbB2 mutation enhances this interaction, while Src kinase mediates EphrinB1 phosphorylation and subsequent MAP Kinase signaling. Decreased PTPN13 function further enhances signaling. The association of oncogene kinases (ErbB2, Src), a signaling transmembrane ligand (EphrinB1) and a phosphatase tumor suppressor (PTPN13) suggest that EphrinB1 may be a relevant therapeutic target in breast cancers harboring ErbB2-activating mutations and decreased PTPN13 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola D. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Megan Bell
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Lee
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Daniel W. Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Byrant G. Wieking
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
| | - Erhan Bilal
- Thomas J. Watson Research Center, IBM Research, Yorktown Heights, New York, United States of America
| | - Gyan Bhanot
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Ronny I. Drapkin
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shridar Ganesan
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Aloysius J. Klingelhutz
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Wiljan J. Hendriks
- Cell Biology Laboratory at the NCMLS, Raboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - John H. Lee
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research/University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Sanford Health, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Scrima M, De Marco C, De Vita F, Fabiani F, Franco R, Pirozzi G, Rocco G, Malanga D, Viglietto G. The nonreceptor-type tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 is a tumor suppressor gene in non-small cell lung cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 180:1202-1214. [PMID: 22245727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to identify protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) as novel, candidate tumor suppressor genes in lung cancer. Among the 38 PTPs in the human genome that show specificity for phosphotyrosine, we identified six PTPs by quantitative RT-PCR whose mRNA expression levels were significantly down-regulated in lung cancer-derived cell lines (ie, PTPRE, PTPRF, PTPRU, PTPRK, PTPRD, and PTPN13). After validation in primary samples of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we selected PTPN13 for further studies. The results presented here demonstrate that PTPN13 is a candidate tumor suppressor gene that is frequently inactivated in NSCLC through the loss of either mRNA and protein expression (64/87, 73%) or somatic mutation (approximately 8%). Loss of PTPN13 expression was apparently due to the loss of one or both copies of the PTPN13 locus at 4q (approximately 26% double deletion and approximately 37% single deletion) but not to promoter methylation. Finally, the manipulation of PTPN13 expression in lung cancer cells (ie, NCI-H292, A549) demonstrated that PTPN13 negatively regulates anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent growth in vitro and restrains tumorigenicity in vivo, possibly through the control of the tyrosine phosphorylation of both EGFR and HER2. In conclusion, the expression screening of PTPs in lung cancer reported here has identified PTPN13 as a novel candidate tumor suppressor in NSCLC whose loss increases signaling from epidermal growth factor receptor and HER2 tyrosine kinase receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Scrima
- Biogem Scarl, the Institute for Genetic Research Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- Biogem Scarl, the Institute for Genetic Research Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Fernanda De Vita
- Biogem Scarl, the Institute for Genetic Research Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy
| | - Fernanda Fabiani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Fondazione G. Pascale, National Cancer Institute, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Rocco
- Fondazione G. Pascale, National Cancer Institute, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Malanga
- Biogem Scarl, the Institute for Genetic Research Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Biogem Scarl, the Institute for Genetic Research Gaetano Salvatore, Ariano Irpino, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
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35
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Winterhoff BJN, Arlt A, Duttmann A, Ungefroren H, Schäfer H, Kalthoff H, Kruse ML. Characterisation of FAP-1 expression and CD95 mediated apoptosis in the A818-6 pancreatic adenocarcinoma differentiation system. Differentiation 2011; 83:148-57. [PMID: 22364882 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the expression and localisation of FAP-1 (Fas associated phosphatase-1) and CD95 in a 3D differentiation model in comparison to 2D monolayers of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line A818-6. Under non-adherent growth conditions, A818-6 cells differentiate into 3D highly organised polarised epithelial hollow spheres, resembling duct-like structures. A818-6 cells showed a differentiation-dependent FAP-1 localisation. Cells grown as 2D monolayers revealed FAP-1 staining in a juxtanuclear cisternal position, as well as localisation in the nucleus. After differentiation into hollow spheres, FAP-1 was relocated towards the actin cytoskeleton beneath the outer plasma membrane of polarised cells and no further nuclear localisation was observed. CD95 surface staining was found only in a subset of A818-6 monolayer cells, while differentiated hollow spheres appeared to express CD95 in all cells of a given sphere. We rarely observed co-localisation of CD95 and FAP-1 in A818-6 monolayer cells, but strong co-localisation beneath the outer plasma membrane in polarised cells. Analysis of surface expression by flow cytometry revealed that only a subset (36%) of monolayer cells showed CD95 surface expression, and after induction of hollow spheres, CD95 presentation at the outer plasma membrane was reduced to 13% of hollow spheres. Induction of apoptosis by stimulation with agonistic anti-CD95 antibodies, resulted in increased caspase activity in both, monolayer cells and hollow spheres. Knock down of FAP-1 mRNA in A818-6 monolayer cells did not alter resposiveness to CD95 agonistic antibodies. These data suggested that CD95 signal transduction was not affected by FAP-1 expression in A818-6 monolayer cells. In differentiated 3D hollow spheres, we found a polarisation-induced co-localisation of CD95 and FAP-1. A tight control of receptor surface representation and signalling induced apoptosis ensures controlled removal of individual cells instead of a "snowball effect" of apoptotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris J N Winterhoff
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Division Molecular Oncology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Germany
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36
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Interplay between Ret and Fap-1 regulates CD95-mediated apoptosis in medullary thyroid cancer cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 82:778-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Martin KR, Xu Y, Looyenga BD, Davis RJ, Wu CL, Tremblay ML, Xu HE, MacKeigan JP. Identification of PTPsigma as an autophagic phosphatase. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:812-9. [PMID: 21303930 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.080341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a dynamic process whereby portions of the cytosol are encapsulated in double-membrane vesicles and delivered to the lysosome for degradation. Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) is concentrated on autophagic vesicles and recruits effector proteins that are crucial for this process. The production of PtdIns3P by the class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Vps34, has been well established; however, protein phosphatases that antagonize this early step in autophagy remain to be identified. To identify such enzymes, we screened human phosphatase genes by RNA interference and found that loss of PTPσ, a dual-domain protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), increases levels of cellular PtdIns3P. The abundant PtdIns3P-positive vesicles conferred by loss of PTPσ strikingly phenocopied those observed in cells starved of amino acids. Accordingly, we discovered that loss of PTPσ hyperactivates both constitutive and induced autophagy. Finally, we found that PTPσ localizes to PtdIns3P-positive membranes in cells, and this vesicular localization is enhanced during autophagy. We therefore describe a novel role for PTPσ and provide insight into the regulation of autophagy. Mechanistic knowledge of this process is crucial for understanding and targeting therapies for several human diseases, including cancer and Alzheimer's disease, in which abnormal autophagy might be pathological.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie R Martin
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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Abstract
Members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (Ptp) family dephosphorylate target proteins and counter the activities of protein tyrosine kinases that are involved in cellular phosphorylation and signalling. As such, certain PTPs might be tumour suppressors. Indeed, PTPs play an important part in the inhibition or control of growth, but accumulating evidence indicates that some PTPs may exert oncogenic functions. Recent large-scale genetic analyses of various human tumours have highlighted the relevance of PTPs either as putative tumour suppressors or as candidate oncoproteins. Progress in understanding the regulation and function of PTPs has provided insights into which PTPs might be potential therapeutic targets in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofi G Julien
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) genomes integrated in head and neck cancers and in HPV-16-immortalized human keratinocyte clones express chimeric virus-cell mRNAs similar to those found in cervical cancers. J Virol 2010; 85:1645-54. [PMID: 21123375 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02093-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive high-grade lesions and cancers of the uterine cervix harbor integrated HPV genomes expressing the E6 and E7 oncogenes from chimeric virus-cell mRNAs, but less is known about HPV integration in head and neck cancer (HNC). Here we compared viral DNA status and E6-E7 mRNA sequences in HPV-16-positive HNC tumors to those in independent human keratinocyte cell clones derived from primary tonsillar or foreskin epithelia immortalized with HPV-16 genomes. Three of nine HNC tumors and epithelial clones containing unintegrated HPV-16 genomes expressed mRNAs spliced from HPV-16 SD880 to SA3358 and terminating at the viral early gene p(A) signal. In contrast, most integrated HPV genomes in six HNCs and a set of 31 keratinocyte clones expressed HPV-16 major early promoter (MEP)-initiated mRNAs spliced from viral SD880 directly to diverse cellular sequences, with a minority spliced to SA3358 followed by a cellular DNA junction. Sequence analysis of chimeric virus-cell mRNAs from HNC tumors and keratinocyte clones identified viral integration sites in a variety of chromosomes, with some located in or near growth control genes, including the c-myc protooncogene and the gene encoding FAP-1 phosphatase. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that HPV integration in cancers is a stochastic process resulting in clonal selection of aggressively expanding cells with altered gene expression of integrated HPV genomes and potential perturbations of cellular genes at or near viral integration sites. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that this selection also takes place and can be studied in primary human keratinocytes in culture.
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40
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Lee JE, Nam HY, Shim SM, Bae GR, Han BG, Jeon JP. Expression phenotype changes of EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines during long-term subculture and its clinical significance. Cell Prolif 2010; 43:378-84. [PMID: 20590663 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00687.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) is a useful resource for population-based human genetic and pharmacogenetic studies. The principal objective here was to assess expression phenotype changes during long-term subculture of LCLs, and its clinical significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched for genes that were differentially expressed in 17 LCLs at late (p161) passage compared to early passage (p4) using microarray assay, then validated them by real-time RT-PCR analysis. In addition, we estimated correlations between expression phenotypes of 20 LCL strains at early passage and 23 quantitative clinical traits from blood donors of particular LCL strains. RESULTS Transcript sequences of 16 genes including nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway-related genes (such as PTPN13, HERC5 and miR-146a) and carcinogenesis-related genes (such as XAF1, TCL1A, PTPN13, CD38 and miR-146a) were differentially expressed (>2-fold change) in at least 15 of the 17 LCL strains. In particular, TC2N, FCRL5, CD180, CD38 and miR-146a were downregulated in all 17 of the evaluated LCL strains. In addition, we identified clinical trait-associated expression phenotypes in LCLs. CONCLUSION Our results showed that LCLs acquired expression phenotype changes involving expression of NF-kappaB pathway- and carcinogenesis-related genes during long-term subculture. These differentially expressed genes can be considered to be a gene signature of LCL immortalization or EBV-induced carcinogenesis. Clinical trait-associated expression phenotypes should prove useful in the discovery of new candidate genes for particular traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-E Lee
- Division of Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea.
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41
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Zhang TT, Li H, Cheung SM, Costantini JL, Hou S, Al-Alwan M, Marshall AJ. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-regulated adapters in lymphocyte activation. Immunol Rev 2010; 232:255-72. [PMID: 19909369 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2009.00838.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Signaling via phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) has emerged as a central component of lymphocyte activation via immunoreceptors, costimulatory receptors, cytokine receptors, and chemokine receptors. The discovery of phosphoinositide-binding pleckstrin homology (PH) domains has substantially increased understanding of how PI3Ks activate cellular responses. Accumulating evidence indicates that PH-domain containing adapter molecules provide important links between PI3K and lymphocyte function. Here, we review data on PI3K-regulated adapter proteins of the Grb-associated binder (GAB), Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein (SKAP), and B-lymphocyte adapter molecule of 32 kDa (Bam32)/ dual-adapter for phosphotyrosine and 3-phosphoinositides (DAPP)/TAPP families, with a focus on the latter group. Current data support the model that recruitment of these adapters to the plasma membrane of activated lymphocytes is driven by the phosphoinositides phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-tris-phosphate and phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate, generated through the action of PI3Ks and under the regulatory control of lipid phosphatases Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP), phosphatase and tensin homolog, and inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase. At the plasma membrane, these adapters serve to assemble distinct protein complexes. Bam32/DAPP1 and SKAPs function to promote activation of monomeric guanosine triphosphatases, including Rac and Rap, and promote integrin activation, lymphocyte adhesion to matrix proteins, and cell:cell interactions between B and T lymphocytes. GABs can provide feedforward amplification or feedback inhibition of PI3K signaling. Current work is further defining the molecular interactions driven by these molecules and identifying the functions of TAPP adapters, which also appear to be involved in lymphocyte adhesion and are specific effectors downstream of the SHIP product phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Zhang
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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42
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Glondu-Lassis M, Dromard M, Lacroix-Triki M, Nirdé P, Puech C, Knani D, Chalbos D, Freiss G. PTPL1/PTPN13 regulates breast cancer cell aggressiveness through direct inactivation of Src kinase. Cancer Res 2010; 70:5116-26. [PMID: 20501847 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-4368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPL1/PTPN13, the activity of which is decreased through allelic loss, promoter methylation, or somatic mutations in some tumors, has been proposed as a tumor suppressor gene. Moreover, our recent clinical study identified PTPL1 expression level as an independent prognostic indicator of a favorable outcome for patients with breast cancer. However, how PTPL1 can affect tumor aggressiveness has not been characterized. Here, we first show that PTPL1 expression, assessed by immunohistochemistry, is decreased in breast cancer and metastasis specimens compared with nonmalignant tissues. Second, to evaluate whether PTPL1 plays a critical role in breast cancer progression, RNA interference experiments were performed in poorly tumorigenic MCF-7 breast cancer cells. PTPL1 inhibition drastically increased tumor growth in athymic mice and also enhanced several parameters associated with tumor progression, including cell proliferation on extracellular matrix components and cell invasion. Furthermore, the inhibition of Src kinase expression drastically blocked the effects of PTPL1 silencing on cell growth. In PTPL1 knockdown cells, the phosphorylation of Src on tyrosine 419 is increased, leading to the activation of its downstream substrates Fak and p130cas. Finally, substrate-trapping experiments revealed that Src tyrosine 419 is a direct target of the phosphatase. Thus, by identification of PTPL1 as the first phosphatase able to inhibit Src through direct dephosphorylation in intact cells, we presently describe a new mechanism by which PTPL1 inhibits breast tumor aggressiveness.
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Navis AC, van den Eijnden M, Schepens JTG, Hooft van Huijsduijnen R, Wesseling P, Hendriks WJAJ. Protein tyrosine phosphatases in glioma biology. Acta Neuropathol 2010; 119:157-75. [PMID: 19936768 PMCID: PMC2808538 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-009-0614-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are a diverse group of brain tumors of glial origin. Most are characterized by diffuse infiltrative growth in the surrounding brain. In combination with their refractive nature to chemotherapy this makes it almost impossible to cure patients using combinations of conventional therapeutic strategies. The drastically increased knowledge about the molecular underpinnings of gliomas during the last decade has elicited high expectations for a more rational and effective therapy for these tumors. Most studies on the molecular pathways involved in glioma biology thus far had a strong focus on growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) and phosphatidylinositol phosphatase signaling pathways. Except for the tumor suppressor PTEN, much less attention has been paid to the PTK counterparts, the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) superfamily, in gliomas. PTPs are instrumental in the reversible phosphorylation of tyrosine residues and have emerged as important regulators of signaling pathways that are linked to various developmental and disease-related processes. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on PTP involvement in gliomagenesis. So far, the data point to the potential implication of receptor-type (RPTPδ, DEP1, RPTPμ, RPTPζ) and intracellular (PTP1B, TCPTP, SHP2, PTPN13) classical PTPs, dual-specific PTPs (MKP-1, VHP, PRL-3, KAP, PTEN) and the CDC25B and CDC25C PTPs in glioma biology. Like PTKs, these PTPs may represent promising targets for the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the treatment of high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C. Navis
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van den Eijnden
- Department of Neurobiology, Geneva Research Center, Merck Serono International S.A, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jan T. G. Schepens
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pieter Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiljan J. A. J. Hendriks
- Department of Cell Biology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hoover AC, Strand GL, Nowicki PN, Anderson ME, Vermeer PD, Klingelhutz AJ, Bossler AD, Pottala JV, Hendriks WJAJ, Lee JH. Impaired PTPN13 phosphatase activity in spontaneous or HPV-induced squamous cell carcinomas potentiates oncogene signaling through the MAP kinase pathway. Oncogene 2009; 28:3960-70. [PMID: 19734941 PMCID: PMC2785129 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a causative factor in over 90% of cervical and 25% of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). The C terminus of the high-risk HPV 16 E6 oncoprotein physically associates with and degrades a non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN13), and PTPN13 loss synergizes with H-Ras(V12) or ErbB2 for invasive growth in vivo. Oral keratinocytes that have lost PTPN13 and express H-Ras(V12) or ErbB2 show enhanced Ras/RAF/MEK/Erk signaling. In co-transfection studies, wild-type PTPN13 inhibited Ras/RAF/MEK/Erk signaling in HEK 293 cells that overexpress ErbB2, EGFR or H-Ras(V12), whereas an enzymatically inactive PTPN13 did not. Twenty percent of HPV-negative HNSCCs had PTPN13 phosphatase mutations that did not inhibit Ras/RAF/MEK/Erk signaling. Inhibition of Ras/RAF/MEK/Erk signaling using MEK inhibitor U0126 blocked anchorage-independent growth in cells lacking PTPN13. These findings show that PTPN13 phosphatase activity has a physiologically significant role in regulating MAP kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Hoover
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Mita Y, Yasuda Y, Sakai A, Yamamoto H, Toyooka S, Gunduz M, Tanabe S, Naomoto Y, Ouchida M, Shimizu K. Missense polymorphisms of PTPRJ and PTPN13 genes affect susceptibility to a variety of human cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2009; 136:249-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-009-0656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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46
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Kawano S, Ikeda W, Kishimoto M, Ogita H, Takai Y. Silencing of ErbB3/ErbB2 signaling by immunoglobulin-like Necl-2. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:23793-805. [PMID: 19561085 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.025155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ErbB2 and ErbB3, members of the EGF receptor/ErbB family, form a heterodimer upon binding of a ligand, inducing the activation of Rac small G protein and Akt protein kinase for cell movement and survival, respectively. The enhanced ErbB3/ErbB2 signaling causes tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis. We found here that the ErbB3/ErbB2 signaling is regulated by immunoglobulin-like Necl-2, which is down-regulated in various cancer cells and serves as a tumor suppressor. The extracellular region of ErbB3, but not ErbB2, interacted in cis with that of Necl-2. This interaction reduced the ligand-induced, ErbB2-catalyzed tyrosine phosphorylation of ErbB3 and inhibited the consequent ErbB3-mediated activation of Rac and Akt, resulting in the inhibition of cancer cell movement and survival. These inhibitory effects of Necl-2 were mediated by the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTPN13 which interacted with the cytoplasmic tail of Necl-2. We describe here this novel mechanism for silencing of the ErbB3/ErbB2 signaling by Necl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kawano
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Hyogo, Japan
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48
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Gloire G, Charlier E, Piette J. Regulation of CD95/APO-1/Fas-induced apoptosis by protein phosphatases. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 76:1451-8. [PMID: 18656456 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Triggering the CD95/APO-1/Fas receptor by CD95-L induces the assembly of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), which permits initiator caspases activation and progression of a signaling cascade that culminates in cellular apoptosis. Despite the CD95 receptor does not exhibit any kinase activity by itself, phosphorylation/dephosphorylation events seem important to regulate many aspects of CD95-mediated apoptosis. Here, we try to highlight particularly the importance of protein phosphatases in the modulation of the CD95 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Gloire
- GIGA-Research, Unit of Signal Transduction, Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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