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Bao Y, Chen X, Li Y, Yuan S, Han L, Deng X, Ran J. Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Brain Structure in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:2313. [PMID: 39064755 PMCID: PMC11280392 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation (LGI) mainly acted as the mediator of the association of obesity and inflammatory diet with numerous chronic diseases, including neuropsychiatric diseases. However, the evidence about the effect of LGI on brain structure is limited but important, especially in the context of accelerating aging. This study was then designed to close the gap, and we leveraged a total of 37,699 participants from the UK Biobank and utilized inflammation score (INFLA-score) to measure LGI. We built the longitudinal relationships of INFLA-score with brain imaging phenotypes using multiple linear regression models. We further analyzed the interactive effects of specific covariates. The results showed high level inflammation reduced the volumes of the subcortex and cortex, especially the globus pallidus (β [95% confidence interval] = -0.062 [-0.083, -0.041]), thalamus (-0.053 [-0.073, -0.033]), insula (-0.052 [-0.072, -0.032]), superior temporal gyrus (-0.049 [-0.069, -0.028]), lateral orbitofrontal cortex (-0.047 [-0.068, -0.027]), and others. Most significant effects were observed among urban residents. Furthermore, males and individuals with physical frailty were susceptive to the associations. The study provided potential insights into pathological changes during disease progression and might aid in the development of preventive and control targets in an age-friendly city to promote great health and well-being for sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Bao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.B.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Xixi Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.B.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yongxuan Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.B.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shenghao Yuan
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.B.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Lefei Han
- School of Global Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
| | - Xiaobei Deng
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (Y.B.); (X.C.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jinjun Ran
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Saarenpää M, Roslund MI, Nurminen N, Puhakka R, Kummola L, Laitinen OH, Hyöty H, Sinkkonen A. Urban indoor gardening enhances immune regulation and diversifies skin microbiota - A placebo-controlled double-blinded intervention study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108705. [PMID: 38688234 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
According to the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses, frequent exposure to environmental microbiota, especially through soil contact, diversifies commensal microbiota, enhances immune modulation, and ultimately lowers the risk of immune-mediated diseases. Here we test the underlying assumption of the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses by instructing volunteers to grow edible plants indoors during the winter season when natural exposure to environmental microbiota is low. The one-month randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial consisted of two treatments: participants received either microbially diverse growing medium or visually similar but microbially poor growing medium. Skin microbiota and a panel of seven immune markers were analyzed in the beginning of the trial and after one month. The diversity of five bacterial phyla (Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia) and one class (Bacteroidia) increased on the skin of participants in the intervention group while no changes were observed in the placebo group. The number of nodes and edges in the co-occurrence networks of the skin bacteria increased on average three times more in the intervention group than in the placebo group. The plasma levels of the immunomodulatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) increased in the intervention group when compared with the placebo group. A similar trend was observed in the interleukin 17A (IL-17A) levels and in the IL-10:IL-17A ratios. Participants in both groups reported high satisfaction and adherence to the trial. The current study provides evidence in support of the core assumption of the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses of immune-mediated diseases. Indoor urban gardening offers a meaningful and convenient approach for increasing year-round exposure to environmental microbiota, paving the way for other prophylactic practices that might help prevent immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Saarenpää
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Marja I Roslund
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Noora Nurminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Riikka Puhakka
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland.
| | - Laura Kummola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Olli H Laitinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
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Mitra A, Gultekin M, Burney Ellis L, Bizzarri N, Bowden S, Taumberger N, Bracic T, Vieira-Baptista P, Sehouli J, Kyrgiou M. Genital tract microbiota composition profiles and use of prebiotics and probiotics in gynaecological cancer prevention: review of the current evidence, the European Society of Gynaecological Oncology prevention committee statement. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:e291-e300. [PMID: 38141634 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(23)00257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Female genital tract (FGT) microbiota has been associated with the development of gynaecological cancers. Thus, the possibility of whether manipulation of the FGT microbiota can help in the prevention of disease should be investigated. Various prebiotics, probiotics, and other non-clinician prescribed agents have been reported to have therapeutic effects in cervical disease. Numerous studies have reported an association between human papillomavirus infection and subsequent cervical dysplasia and a decrease in the abundance of Lactobacillus species. A continuum of microbiota composition is observed from the vagina to the upper parts of the FGT, but no evidence suggests that manipulation of the vaginal microbiota can help to modify the composition of other FGT compartments. Although prebiotics and probiotics have been reported to be beneficial, the studies are small and of varying design, and high-quality evidence to support their use is lacking. Currently, no studies have examined these therapeutics in other gynaecological malignancies. Thus, recommendation of probiotics, prebiotics, or other over-the-counter supplements for the prevention of gynaecological cancers warrants larger, well designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Mitra
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction - Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Murat Gultekin
- Division of Gynaecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Laura Burney Ellis
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction - Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicolò Bizzarri
- UOC Ginecologia Oncologica, Dipartimento per la salute della Donna e del Bambino e della Salute Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Bowden
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction - Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nadja Taumberger
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Hospital Spittal a d Drau, Carinthia, Austria
| | - Taja Bracic
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Pedro Vieira-Baptista
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Lower Genital Tract Unit, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction - Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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Xie B, Wang B, Shang R, Wang L, Huang X, Xie L. Blocking MyD88 signaling with MyD88 inhibitor prevents colitis-associated colorectal cancer development by maintaining colonic microbiota homeostasis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22552. [PMID: 38110638 PMCID: PMC10728211 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain intestinal microbiota alterations appear to positively correlate with tumorigenesis of CAC due to the disruption of the balance between the host and microorganisms. It is proven that blocking MyD88 signaling can prevent colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) development in mice. We are aim to reveal the role of MyD88 signaling of maintaining colonic microbiota homeostasis for preventing CAC development. We here analyzed the landscape of gut microbiome in the mice model of AOM/DSS-induced CAC with MyD88 inhibitor treatment. PCoA revealed significant reduction in Lactobacillus load and increase in Escherichia load in the mucosal microbial composition of mice with CAC, compared with normal controls (NCs). Inhibitor-treatment led to almost undetectable Proteobacteria (Escherichia) and the retention of the dominance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota (Muribaculaceae) in the mucosa. RNA sequencing analysis identified genes were up-regulated (Hp, SAA3 and IL-1F9) and down-regulated (CYP3A44, SLC30A10, GPNMB and OTC) in Inhibitor-treated mice (vs. CAC). Meanwhile, Inhibitor-treated mice had higher percentage of MUC2-positive area in colon sections (vs. CAC, which was less than NCs) by IF staining and decreased Escherichia in the mucus layer (vs. CAC) by FISH. And intestinal microbiota from mice with MyD88 inhibitor treatment could lessen the outcome of CAC by fecal microbiota transplantation. The development of CAC was involved in the increasing and ectopic Escherichia in the decreasing colonic mucus layer. MyD88 signaling blockade may maintain the host-microbiota homeostasis by up-regulating MUC2 production, increasing probiotics and their protective effects, and inhibiting the reproduction of Escherichia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xie
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Runshi Shang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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scEFSC: Accurate Single-cell RNA-seq Data Analysis via Ensemble Consensus Clustering Based on Multiple Feature Selections. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2181-2197. [PMID: 35615016 PMCID: PMC9108753 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Haahtela T, Alenius H, Lehtimäki J, Sinkkonen A, Fyhrquist N, Hyöty H, Ruokolainen L, Mäkelä MJ. Immunological resilience and biodiversity for prevention of allergic diseases and asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:3613-3626. [PMID: 33959980 DOI: 10.1111/all.14895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Increase of allergic conditions has occurred at the same pace with the Great Acceleration, which stands for the rapid growth rate of human activities upon earth from 1950s. Changes of environment and lifestyle along with escalating urbanization are acknowledged as the main underlying causes. Secondary (tertiary) prevention for better disease control has advanced considerably with innovations for oral immunotherapy and effective treatment of inflammation with corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and biological medications. Patients are less disabled than before. However, primary prevention has remained a dilemma. Factors predicting allergy and asthma risk have proven complex: Risk factors increase the risk, while protective factors counteract them. Interaction of human body with environmental biodiversity with micro-organisms and biogenic compounds as well as the central role of epigenetic adaptation in immune homeostasis have given new insight. Allergic diseases are good indicators of the twisted relation to environment. In various non-communicable diseases, the protective mode of the immune system indicates low-grade inflammation without apparent cause. Giving microbes, pro- and prebiotics, has shown some promise in prevention and treatment. The real-world public health programme in Finland (2008-2018) emphasized nature relatedness and protective factors for immunological resilience, instead of avoidance. The nationwide action mitigated the allergy burden, but in the lack of controls, primary preventive effect remains to be proven. The first results of controlled biodiversity interventions are promising. In the fast urbanizing world, new approaches are called for allergy prevention, which also has a major cost saving potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tari Haahtela
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University HospitalUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Medicum University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Horticulture Technologies Turku Finland
| | - Nanna Fyhrquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Medicum University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University Tampere Finland
- Fimlab Laboratories Pirkanmaa Hospital District Tampere Finland
| | - Lasse Ruokolainen
- Lasse Ruokolainen Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - Mika J. Mäkelä
- Skin and Allergy Hospital Helsinki University HospitalUniversity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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Squarzanti DF, Zavattaro E, Pizzimenti S, Amoruso A, Savoia P, Azzimonti B. Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: news from microbiota research. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 46:433-449. [PMID: 32692305 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1794792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, research has been deeply focusing on the role of the microbiota in numerous diseases, either affecting the skin or other organs. What it is well established is that its dysregulation promotes several cutaneous disorders (i.e. psoriasis and atopic dermatitis). To date, little is known about its composition, mediators and role in the genesis, progression and response to therapy of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC). Starting from a bibliographic study, we classified the selected articles into four sections: i) normal skin microbiota; ii) in vitro study models; iii) microbiota and NMSC and iv) probiotics, antibiotics and NMSC. What has emerged is how skin microflora changes, mainly represented by increases of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, modifications in the mutual quantity of β-Human papillomavirus genotypes, of Epstein Barr Virus and Malassezia or candidiasis, may contribute to the induction of a state of chronic self-maintaining inflammation, leading to cancer. In this context, the role of S. aureus and that of specific antimicrobial peptides look to be prominent. Moreover, although antibiotics may contribute to carcinogenesis, due to their ability to influence the microbiota balance, specific probiotics, such as Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus johnsonii NCC 533 and Bifidobacteria spp., may be protective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diletta Francesca Squarzanti
- Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), DiSS, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Elisa Zavattaro
- Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences (DSCB), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Paola Savoia
- Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Barbara Azzimonti
- Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), DiSS, UPO, Novara, Italy
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Fast and slow health crises of Homo urbanicus: loss of resilience in communicable diseases, like COVID-19, and non-communicable diseases. Porto Biomed J 2020; 5:e073. [PMID: 32734013 PMCID: PMC7386547 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Yu Y, Dunaway S, Champer J, Kim J, Alikhan A. Changing our microbiome: probiotics in dermatology. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:39-46. [PMID: 31049923 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Commensal bacteria are a major factor in human health and disease pathogenesis. Interest has recently expanded beyond the gastrointestinal microbiome to include the skin microbiome and its impact on various skin diseases. OBJECTIVES Here we present current data reviewing the role of the microbiome in dermatology, considering both the gut and skin microflora. Our objective was to evaluate whether the clinical data support the utility of oral and topical probiotics for certain dermatological diseases. METHODS The PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for basic science, translational research and clinical studies that investigated differences in the cutaneous microbiome and the impact of probiotics in patients with atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, psoriasis, chronic wounds, seborrhoeic dermatitis and cutaneous neoplasms. RESULTS Few clinical trials exist that explore the utility of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of dermatological diseases, with the exception of atopic dermatitis. Most studies investigated oral probiotic interventions, and of those utilizing topical probiotics, few included skin commensals. In general, the available clinical trials yielded positive results with improvement of the skin conditions after probiotic intervention. CONCLUSIONS Oral and topical probiotics appear to be effective for the treatment of certain inflammatory skin diseases and demonstrate a promising role in wound healing and skin cancer. However, more studies are needed to confirm these results. What's already known about this topic? The microbiome plays a role in human health and disease pathogenesis. Probiotics can manipulate the host microbiome and may confer health benefits for patients. Research to date has already begun to explore the utility of oral and topical probiotics for certain dermatological diseases. What does this study add? This review presents basic science and clinical trial data to support the role of the gut and skin microbiome in dermatology. Current data are reviewed on the use of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, chronic wounds and cutaneous neoplasms. Future probiotic interventions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yu
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A
| | - S Dunaway
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A
| | - J Champer
- Department of Computational Biology and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, U.S.A
| | - J Kim
- Division of Dermatology and Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A
| | - A Alikhan
- Sutter Medical Foundation, Sacramento, CA, U.S.A
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Burns EM, Ahmed H, Isedeh PN, Kohli I, Van Der Pol W, Shaheen A, Muzaffar AF, Al-Sadek C, Foy TM, Abdelgawwad MS, Huda S, Lim HW, Hamzavi I, Bae S, Morrow CD, Elmets CA, Yusuf N. Ultraviolet radiation, both UVA and UVB, influences the composition of the skin microbiome. Exp Dermatol 2019; 28:136-141. [PMID: 30506967 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have begun to investigate the complex relationship between host and microorganisms in non-infectious pathologies such as acne, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Though the skin is exposed to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR), no studies exist examining the effects of both UVA and UVB on the skin microbiome. OBJECTIVE To test the effect of UVA and UVB on human skin microbiome. METHODS To test whether UV will alter the cutaneous microbiome, participants were exposed to doses of UVA (22-47 J/cm2 ) or UVB (100-350 mJ/cm2 ) and samples were collected. DNA was isolated and sequenced to identify the microbial composition of each sample. RESULTS There was vast intra- and inter-subject variation at all time points, and phylum and species-level differences were identified. These included an increase in the phylum Cyanobacteria and a decrease in the family Lactobacillaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. The sensitivity of microbes to UVR and their re-colonization potential following exposure differed in UVA vs UVB samples. LIMITATIONS The sample size was small, and the study was limited to males. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that UVR has profound qualitative and quantitative influences on the composition of the skin microbiome, possibly effecting skin pathology in which UVR is a factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Burns
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Hana Ahmed
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | | | - Indermeet Kohli
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | - Abdullah Shaheen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Anum F Muzaffar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Camli Al-Sadek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Thompson M Foy
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mohammad S Abdelgawwad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sumeira Huda
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Iltefat Hamzavi
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Sejong Bae
- Division of Preventive Medicine, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Casey D Morrow
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, UAB, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Craig A Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, Alabama
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Vollmer DL, West VA, Lephart ED. Enhancing Skin Health: By Oral Administration of Natural Compounds and Minerals with Implications to the Dermal Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3059. [PMID: 30301271 PMCID: PMC6213755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The history of cosmetics goes back to early Egyptian times for hygiene and health benefits while the history of topical applications that provide a medicinal treatment to combat dermal aging is relatively new. For example, the term cosmeceutical was first coined by Albert Kligman in 1984 to describe topical products that afford both cosmetic and therapeutic benefits. However, beauty comes from the inside. Therefore, for some time scientists have considered how nutrition reflects healthy skin and the aging process. The more recent link between nutrition and skin aging began in earnest around the year 2000 with the demonstrated increase in peer-reviewed scientific journal reports on this topic that included biochemical and molecular mechanisms of action. Thus, the application of: (a) topical administration from outside into the skin and (b) inside by oral consumption of nutritionals to the outer skin layers is now common place and many journal reports exhibit significant improvement for both on a variety of dermal parameters. Therefore, this review covers, where applicable, the history, chemical structure, and sources such as biological and biomedical properties in the skin along with animal and clinical data on the oral applications of: (a) collagen, (b) ceramide, (c) β-carotene, (d) astaxanthin, (e) coenzyme Q10, (f) colostrum, (g) zinc, and (h) selenium in their mode of action or function in improving dermal health by various quantified endpoints. Lastly, the importance of the human skin microbiome is briefly discussed in reference to the genomics, measurement, and factors influencing its expression and how it may alter the immune system, various dermal disorders, and potentially be involved in chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Vollmer
- 4Life Research, Scientific Research Division, Sandy, UT 84070, USA.
| | - Virginia A West
- 4Life Research, Scientific Research Division, Sandy, UT 84070, USA.
| | - Edwin D Lephart
- Department of Physiology, Developmental Biology and The Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Sherwani MA, Tufail S, Muzaffar AF, Yusuf N. The skin microbiome and immune system: Potential target for chemoprevention? PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2018; 34:25-34. [PMID: 28766918 PMCID: PMC7289174 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing interest in understanding the role of the human microbiome in skin diseases. Microbiome studies are being utilized in skin cancer research in numerous ways. Commensal bacteria are being studied as a potential tool to judge the biggest environmental risk of skin cancer, ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Owing to the recognized link of skin microbes in the process of inflammation, there have been theories linking commensal bacteria to skin cancer. Viral metagenomics has also provided insight into virus linked forms of skin cancers. Speculations can be drawn for skin microbiome that in a manner similar to gut microbiome, they can be involved in chemoprevention of skin cancer. Nonetheless, there are definitely huge gaps in our knowledge of the relationship of microbiome and skin cancers, especially in relation to chemoprevention. The utilization of microbiome in skin cancer research seems to be a promising field and may help yield novel skin cancer prevention and treatment options. This review focuses on recent utilization of the microbiome in skin cancer research, and it explores the potential of utilizing the microbiome in prevention, earlier diagnosis, and treatment of skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saba Tufail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, India
| | | | - Nabiha Yusuf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
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Rook G, Bäckhed F, Levin BR, McFall-Ngai MJ, McLean AR. Evolution, human-microbe interactions, and life history plasticity. Lancet 2017; 390:521-530. [PMID: 28792414 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30566-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A bacterium was once a component of the ancestor of all eukaryotic cells, and much of the human genome originated in microorganisms. Today, all vertebrates harbour large communities of microorganisms (microbiota), particularly in the gut, and at least 20% of the small molecules in human blood are products of the microbiota. Changing human lifestyles and medical practices are disturbing the content and diversity of the microbiota, while simultaneously reducing our exposures to the so-called old infections and to organisms from the natural environment with which human beings co-evolved. Meanwhile, population growth is increasing the exposure of human beings to novel pathogens, particularly the crowd infections that were not part of our evolutionary history. Thus some microbes have co-evolved with human beings and play crucial roles in our physiology and metabolism, whereas others are entirely intrusive. Human metabolism is therefore a tug-of-war between managing beneficial microbes, excluding detrimental ones, and channelling as much energy as is available into other essential functions (eg, growth, maintenance, reproduction). This tug-of-war shapes the passage of each individual through life history decision nodes (eg, how fast to grow, when to mature, and how long to live).
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham Rook
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Department of Infection, UCL (University College London), London, UK.
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bruce R Levin
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Angela R McLean
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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14
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Champer M, Wong AM, Champer J, Brito IL, Messer PW, Hou JY, Wright JD. The role of the vaginal microbiome in gynaecological cancer. BJOG 2017; 125:309-315. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Champer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York NY USA
| | - AM Wong
- Department of Computer Science and Center for Computational Molecular Biology; Brown University; Providence RI USA
| | - J Champer
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - IL Brito
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - PW Messer
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology; Cornell University; Ithaca NY USA
| | - JY Hou
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York NY USA
| | - JD Wright
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; New York NY USA
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Chiou WY, Chen CA, Lee MS, Lin HY, Li CY, Su YC, Tsai SJ, Hung SK. Pelvic inflammatory disease increases the risk of a second primary malignancy in patients with cervical cancer treated by surgery alone. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5409. [PMID: 27893679 PMCID: PMC5134872 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As the number of long-term cervical cancer survivors continues to increase because of improvements in treatment, concerns about second primary malignancy have grown. The high-risk area of second primary cancers in cervical cancer survivors is the pelvis. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) could be a useful marker for gynecological cancers. Thus, we designed a large-scale, nationwide, controlled cohort study to investigate whether PID or other risk factors increased the risk of second primary cancers in patients with cervical cancer treated by surgery alone.Between 2000 and 2010, a total of 24,444 cervical cancer patients were identified using the Registry Data for Catastrophic Illness and the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Patients who received definite surgery were selected. To exclude the effect on second primary malignancy by treatment modalities, all cervical patients who ever having received adjuvant or definite radiotherapy or chemotherapy for primary cervical cancer were excluded. Finally, 3860 cervical cancer patients treated by surgery alone without adjuvant treatments were analyzed.Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis and the Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the cumulative risks. Regarding the incidence of second primary cancers, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was used.The median follow-up time was 56.6 months. The 6-year cumulative risk of second primary cancers is 0.16% and 0.12% for PID and without PID, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, age of less than 50 years, the presence of diabetes mellitus, and PID were significantly positivity associated with the risk of second primary cancers. The hazard ratios (HRs) of age less than 50 years, diabetes mellitus, and PID were 1.38 (95% CI = 1.11-2.04), 1.40 (95% CI = 1.06-1.85), and 1.35 (95% CI = 1.00-1.81), respectively. A higher incidence of second primary cancers was observed in the genitals, bladder, and colon.In conclusion, the incidence of second primary cancers was higher in the genitals, bladder, and colon in patients with cervical cancer treated with surgery alone. The patients with PID had a higher risk of second primary cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yen Chiou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Chien-An Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei
| | - Moon-Sing Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian
| | - Hon-Yi Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Yu-Chieh Su
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung
- School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jiun Tsai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi
| | - Shih-Kai Hung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualian
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Kim BJ, Lee SY, Kim HB, Lee E, Hong SJ. Environmental changes, microbiota, and allergic diseases. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2014; 6:389-400. [PMID: 25228995 PMCID: PMC4161679 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.5.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
During the last few decades, the prevalence of allergic disease has increased dramatically. The development of allergic diseases has been attributed to complex interactions between environmental factors and genetic factors. Of the many possible environmental factors, most research has focused on the most commonly encountered environmental factors, such as air pollution and environmental microbiota in combination with climate change. There is increasing evidence that such environmental factors play a critical role in the regulation of the immune response that is associated with allergic diseases, especially in genetically susceptible individuals. This review deals with not only these environmental factors and genetic factors but also their interactions in the development of allergic diseases. It will also emphasize the need for early interventions that can prevent the development of allergic diseases in susceptible populations and how these interventions can be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Ju Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - So-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Jong Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ; Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
The age-related epithelial cancers of the breast, colorectum and prostate are the most prevalent and are increasing in our aging populations. Epithelial cells turnover rapidly and mutations naturally accumulate throughout life. Most epithelial cancers arise from this normal mutation rate. All elderly individuals will harbour many cells with the requisite mutations and most will develop occult neoplastic lesions. Although essential for initiation, these mutations are not sufficient for the progression of cancer to a life-threatening disease. This progression appears to be dependent on context: the tissue ecosystem within individuals and lifestyle exposures across populations of individuals. Together, this implies that the seeds may be plentiful but they only germinate in the right soil. The incidence of these cancers is much lower in Eastern countries but is increasing with Westernisation and increases more acutely in migrants to the West. A Western lifestyle is strongly associated with perturbed metabolism, as evidenced by the epidemics of obesity and diabetes: this may also provide the setting enabling the progression of epithelial cancers. Epidemiology has indicated that metabolic biomarkers are prospectively associated with cancer incidence and prognosis. Furthermore, within cancer research, there has been a rediscovery that a switch in cell metabolism is critical for cancer progression but this is set within the metabolic status of the host. The seed may only germinate if the soil is fertile. This perspective brings together the different avenues of investigation implicating the role that metabolism may play within the context of post-genomic concepts of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff M P Holly
- School of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bristol, Learning and Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK,
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Kipanyula MJ, Seke Etet PF, Vecchio L, Farahna M, Nukenine EN, Nwabo Kamdje AH. Signaling pathways bridging microbial-triggered inflammation and cancer. Cell Signal 2012; 25:403-16. [PMID: 23123499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial-triggered inflammation protects against pathogens and yet can paradoxically cause considerable secondary damage to host tissues that can result in tissue fibrosis and carcinogenesis, if persistent. In addition to classical pathogens, gut microbiota bacteria, i.e. a group of mutualistic microorganisms permanently inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract and which plays a key role in digestion, immunity, and cancer prevention, can induce inflammation-associated cancer following the alterations of their microenvironment. Emerging experimental evidence indicates that microbiota members like Escherichia coli and several other genotoxic and mutagenic pathogens can cause DNA damage in various cell types. In addition, the inflammatory response induced by chronic infections with pathogens like the microbiota members Helicobacter spp., which have been associated with liver, colorectal, cervical cancers and lymphoma, for instance, can also trigger carcinogenic processes. A microenvironment including active immune cells releasing high amounts of inflammatory signaling molecules can favor the carcinogenic transformation of host cells. Pivotal molecules released during immune response such as the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MMIF) and the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species' products superoxide and peroxynitrite, can further damage DNA and cause the accumulation of oncogenic mutations, whereas pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and growth factors may create a microenvironment promoting neoplastic cell survival and proliferation. Recent findings on the implication of inflammatory signaling pathways in microbial-triggered carcinogenesis as well as the possible role of microbiota modulation in cancer prevention are herein summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maulilio John Kipanyula
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3016, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania
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von Hertzen L, Hanski I, Haahtela T. Natural immunity. Biodiversity loss and inflammatory diseases are two global megatrends that might be related. EMBO Rep 2011; 12:1089-93. [PMID: 21979814 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2011.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Yannam GR, Gutti T, Poluektova LY. IL-23 in infections, inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer: possible role in HIV-1 and AIDS. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2011; 7:95-112. [PMID: 21947740 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-011-9315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The growing family of interleukin (IL)-12-like cytokines produced by activated macrophages and dendritic cells became the important players in the control of infections, development of inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer. However, the role of one of them-heterodimer IL-23, which consists of IL12p40 and the unique p19 subunit in HIV-1 infection pathogenesis and progression to AIDS, represent special interest. We overviewed findings of IL-23 involvement in control of peripheral bacterial pathogens and opportunistic infection, central nervous system (CNS) viral infections and autoimmune disorders, and tumorogenesis, which potentially could be applicable to HIV-1 and AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govardhana Rao Yannam
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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