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Yang H, Mo N, Tong L, Dong J, Fan Z, Jia M, Yue J, Wang Y. Microglia lactylation in relation to central nervous system diseases. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:29-40. [PMID: 38767474 PMCID: PMC11246148 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of neurodegenerative diseases is closely related to the disruption of central nervous system homeostasis. Microglia, as innate immune cells, play important roles in the maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis, injury response, and neurodegenerative diseases. Lactate has been considered a metabolic waste product, but recent studies are revealing ever more of the physiological functions of lactate. Lactylation is an important pathway in lactate function and is involved in glycolysis-related functions, macrophage polarization, neuromodulation, and angiogenesis and has also been implicated in the development of various diseases. This review provides an overview of the lactate metabolic and homeostatic regulatory processes involved in microglia lactylation, histone versus non-histone lactylation, and therapeutic approaches targeting lactate. Finally, we summarize the current research on microglia lactylation in central nervous system diseases. A deeper understanding of the metabolic regulatory mechanisms of microglia lactylation will provide more options for the treatment of central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Nan Mo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Hangzhou First People’s Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Le Tong
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jianhong Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ziwei Fan
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mengxian Jia
- Department of Orthopedics (Spine Surgery), the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Juanqing Yue
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Tassinari ID, Rodrigues FDS, Bertram C, Mendes-da-Cruz DA, Guedes RP, Paz AH, Bambini-Junior V, de Fraga LS. Lactate Protects Microglia and Neurons from Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1762-1781. [PMID: 38551797 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Lactate has received attention as a potential therapeutic intervention for brain diseases, particularly those including energy deficit, exacerbated inflammation, and disrupted redox status, such as cerebral ischemia. However, lactate roles in metabolic or signaling pathways in neural cells remain elusive in the hypoxic and ischemic contexts. Here, we tested the effects of lactate on the survival of a microglial (BV-2) and a neuronal (SH-SY5Y) cell lines during oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) or OGD followed by reoxygenation (OGD/R). Lactate signaling was studied by using 3,5-DHBA, an exogenous agonist of lactate receptor GPR81. Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) or monocarboxylate transporters (MCT), using oxamate or 4-CIN, respectively, was performed to evaluate the impact of lactate metabolization and transport on cell viability. The OGD lasted 6 h and the reoxygenation lasted 24 h following OGD (OGD/R). Cell viability, extracellular lactate concentrations, microglial intracellular pH and TNF-ɑ release, and neurite elongation were evaluated. Lactate or 3,5-DHBA treatment during OGD increased microglial survival during reoxygenation. Inhibition of lactate metabolism and transport impaired microglial and neuronal viability. OGD led to intracellular acidification in BV-2 cells, and reoxygenation increased the release of TNF-ɑ, which was reverted by lactate and 3,5-DHBA treatment. Our results suggest that lactate plays a dual role in OGD, acting as a metabolic and a signaling molecule in BV-2 and SH-SY5Y cells. Lactate metabolism and transport are vital for cell survival during OGD. Moreover, lactate treatment and GPR81 activation during OGD promote long-term adaptations that potentially protect cells against secondary cell death during reoxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora D'Ávila Tassinari
- Graduate Program in Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90050-003, Brazil
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Fernanda da Silva Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Craig Bertram
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Daniella Arêas Mendes-da-Cruz
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, 21040-360, Brazil
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Renata Padilha Guedes
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Paz
- Graduate Program in Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90050-003, Brazil
| | - Victorio Bambini-Junior
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Luciano Stürmer de Fraga
- Graduate Program in Physiology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 90050-003, Brazil.
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Morelli AM, Scholkmann F. Should the standard model of cellular energy metabolism be reconsidered? Possible coupling between the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis and extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Biochimie 2024; 221:99-109. [PMID: 38307246 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The process of cellular respiration occurs for energy production through catabolic reactions, generally with glucose as the first process step. In the present work, we introduce a novel concept for understanding this process, based on our conclusion that glucose metabolism is coupled to the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and extra-mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in a closed-loop process. According to the current standard model of glycolysis, glucose is first converted to glucose 6-phosphate (glucose 6-P) and then to fructose 6-phosphate, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate, which then enters the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria. However, it is more likely that the pyruvate will be converted to lactate. In the PPP, glucose 6-P is branched off from glycolysis and used to produce NADPH and ribulose 5-phosphate (ribulose 5-P). Ribulose 5-P can be converted to fructose 6-P and glyceraldehyde 3-P. In our view, a circular process can take place in which the ribulose 5-P produced by the PPP enters the glycolysis pathway and is then retrogradely converted to glucose 6-P. This process is repeated several times until the complete degradation of glucose 6-P. The role of mitochondria in this process is to degrade lipids by beta-oxidation and produce acetyl-CoA; the function of producing ATP appears to be only secondary. This proposed new concept of cellular bioenergetics allows the resolution of some previously unresolved controversies related to cellular respiration and provides a deeper understanding of metabolic processes in the cell, including new insights into the Warburg effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Scholkmann
- Neurophotonics and Biosignal Processing Research Group, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Hu Y, He Z, Li Z, Wang Y, Wu N, Sun H, Zhou Z, Hu Q, Cong X. Lactylation: the novel histone modification influence on gene expression, protein function, and disease. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:72. [PMID: 38812044 PMCID: PMC11138093 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01682-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid, traditionally considered as a metabolic waste product arising from glycolysis, has undergone a resurgence in scientific interest since the discovery of the Warburg effect in tumor cells. Numerous studies have proved that lactic acid could promote angiogenesis and impair the function of immune cells within tumor microenvironments. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms governing these biological functions remain inadequately understood. Recently, lactic acid has been found to induce a posttranslational modification, lactylation, that may offer insight into lactic acid's non-metabolic functions. Notably, the posttranslational modification of proteins by lactylation has emerged as a crucial mechanism by which lactate regulates cellular processes. This article provides an overview of the discovery of lactate acidification, outlines the potential "writers" and "erasers" responsible for protein lactylation, presents an overview of protein lactylation patterns across different organisms, and discusses the diverse physiological roles of lactylation. Besides, the article highlights the latest research progress concerning the regulatory functions of protein lactylation in pathological processes and underscores its scientific significance for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Tissues Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Zhenglin He
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Zongjun Li
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Tissues Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Tissues Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Zilong Zhou
- Department of Tissues Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qianying Hu
- Department of Tissues Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Department of Tissues Bank, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
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5
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Zhang L, Zheng J, Liu SY, Hou LL, Zhang B, Tian SW. Acute Administration of Lactate Exerts Antidepressant-like Effect Through cAMP-dependent Protein Synthesis. Neuroscience 2024; 542:11-20. [PMID: 38336096 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lactate acts as an important metabolic substrate and signalling molecule modulating neural activities in the brain, and recent preclinical and clinical studies have revealed its antidepressant effect after acute or chronic peripheral administration. However, the neural mechanism underlying the antidepressant effect of lactate, in particular when lactate is acutely administered remains largely unknown. In the current study, we focused on forced swimming test (FST) to elucidate the neural mechanisms through which acute intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of lactate exerts antidepressant-like effect. A total of 238 male Sprague Dawley rats were used as experimental subjects. Results showed lactate produced antidepressant-like effect, as indicated by reduced immobility, in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the antidepressant-like effect of lactate was dependent of new protein synthesis but not new gene expression, lactate's metabolic effect or hydroxy-carboxylic acid receptor 1 (HCAR1) activation. Furthermore, lactate rapidly promoted dephosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) and increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein synthesis in the hippocampus in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent manner. Finally, inhibition of cAMP production blocked the antidepressant-like effect of lactate. These findings suggest that acute administration of lactate exerts antidepressant-like effect through cAMP-dependent protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China; Department of Anesthesiology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518112, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China
| | - Shi-Yan Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China
| | - Li-Li Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanhua Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China
| | - Shao-Wen Tian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541199, China.
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Chamaa F, Magistretti PJ, Fiumelli H. Astrocyte-derived lactate in stress disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 192:106417. [PMID: 38296112 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress disorders are psychiatric disorders arising following stressful or traumatic events. They could deleteriously affect an individual's health because they often co-occur with mental illnesses. Considerable attention has been focused on neurons when considering the neurobiology of stress disorders. However, like other mental health conditions, recent studies have highlighted the importance of astrocytes in the pathophysiology of stress-related disorders. In addition to their structural and homeostatic support role, astrocytes actively serve several functions in regulating synaptic transmission and plasticity, protecting neurons from toxic compounds, and providing metabolic support for neurons. The astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle model sets forth the importance of astrocytes in providing lactate for the metabolic supply of neurons under intense activity. Lactate also plays a role as a signaling molecule and has been recently studied regarding its antidepressant activity. This review discusses the involvement of astrocytes and brain energy metabolism in stress and further reflects on the importance of lactate as an energy supply in the brain and its emerging antidepressant role in stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Chamaa
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pierre J Magistretti
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hubert Fiumelli
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
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Krzyściak W, Bystrowska B, Karcz P, Chrzan R, Bryll A, Turek A, Mazur P, Śmierciak N, Szwajca M, Donicz P, Furman K, Pilato F, Kozicz T, Popiela T, Pilecki M. Association of Blood Metabolomics Biomarkers with Brain Metabolites and Patient-Reported Outcomes as a New Approach in Individualized Diagnosis of Schizophrenia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2294. [PMID: 38396971 PMCID: PMC10888632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Given its polygenic nature, there is a need for a personalized approach to schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to select laboratory biomarkers from blood, brain imaging, and clinical assessment, with an emphasis on patients' self-report questionnaires. Metabolomics studies of serum samples from 51 patients and 45 healthy volunteers, based on the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), led to the identification of 3 biochemical indicators (cortisol, glutamate, lactate) of schizophrenia. These metabolites were sequentially correlated with laboratory tests results, imaging results, and clinical assessment outcomes, including patient self-report outcomes. The hierarchical cluster analysis on the principal components (HCPC) was performed to identify the most homogeneous clinical groups. Significant correlations were noted between blood lactates and 11 clinical and 10 neuroimaging parameters. The increase in lactate and cortisol were significantly associated with a decrease in immunological parameters, especially with the level of reactive lymphocytes. The strongest correlations with the level of blood lactate and cortisol were demonstrated by brain glutamate, N-acetylaspartate and the concentrations of glutamate and glutamine, creatine and phosphocreatine in the prefrontal cortex. Metabolomics studies and the search for associations with brain parameters and self-reported outcomes may provide new diagnostic evidence to specific schizophrenia phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Beata Bystrowska
- Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Paulina Karcz
- Department of Electroradiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Health Sciences, 31-126 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Robert Chrzan
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland; (R.C.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Amira Bryll
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland; (R.C.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Aleksander Turek
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Paulina Mazur
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Natalia Śmierciak
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Marta Szwajca
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Paulina Donicz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Katarzyna Furman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Fabio Pilato
- Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Tadeusz Popiela
- Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland; (R.C.); (A.B.); (T.P.)
| | - Maciej Pilecki
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (A.T.); (N.Ś.); (M.S.); (P.D.); (K.F.); (M.P.)
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Wang J, Wang Z, Wang Q, Li X, Guo Y. Ubiquitous protein lactylation in health and diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:23. [PMID: 38317138 PMCID: PMC10845568 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
For decades, lactate has been considered a byproduct of glycolysis. The lactate shuttle hypothesis shifted the lactate paradigm, demonstrating that lactate not only plays important roles in cellular metabolism but also cellular communications, which can transcend compartment barriers and can occur within and among different cells, tissues and organs. Recently, the discovery that lactate can induce a novel post-translational modification, named lysine lactylation (Kla), brings forth a new avenue to study nonmetabolic functions for lactate, which has inspired a 'gold rush' of academic and commercial interest. Zhang et al. first showed that Kla is manifested in histones as epigenetic marks, and then mounting evidences demonstrated that Kla also occurs in diverse non-histone proteins. The widespread Kla faithfully orchestrates numerous biological processes, such as transcription, metabolism and inflammatory responses. Notably, dysregulation of Kla touches a myriad of pathological processes. In this review, we comprehensively reviewed and curated the existing literature to retrieve the new identified Kla sites on both histones and non-histone proteins and summarized recent major advances toward its regulatory mechanism. We also thoroughly investigated the function and underlying signaling pathway of Kla and comprehensively summarize how Kla regulates various biological processes in normal physiological states. In addition, we also further highlight the effects of Kla in the development of human diseases including inflammation response, tumorigenesis, cardiovascular and nervous system diseases and other complex diseases, which might potentially contribute to deeply understanding and interpreting the mechanism of its pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Science Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Science Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qixu Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Science Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Yaping Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Science Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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9
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Mohammad Nezhady MA, Bajon E, Chemtob S. Disentangling the nonmetabolic roles of metabolites: lactate as a case study. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:786-788. [PMID: 37739879 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Many metabolites possess covalent and noncovalent signaling functions. However, ongoing research considers them mostly as ligands, neglecting their potential involvement in post-translational modifications. In this forum article, we discuss the dual signaling functions of metabolites, using lactate as a case study, and advocate for the use of multiple complementary techniques to disentangle their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Mohammad Nezhady
- Program in Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Research Center of Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Emmanuel Bajon
- Research Center of Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Program in Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada; Research Center of Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Kumari S, Gupta R, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Emerging trends in post-translational modification: Shedding light on Glioblastoma multiforme. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188999. [PMID: 37858622 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent multi-omics studies, including proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and metabolomics have revealed the critical role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the progression and pathogenesis of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Further, PTMs alter the oncogenic signaling events and offer a novel avenue in GBM therapeutics research through PTM enzymes as potential biomarkers for drug targeting. In addition, PTMs are critical regulators of chromatin architecture, gene expression, and tumor microenvironment (TME), that play a crucial function in tumorigenesis. Moreover, the implementation of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms enhances GBM therapeutics research through the identification of novel PTM enzymes and residues. Herein, we briefly explain the mechanism of protein modifications in GBM etiology, and in altering the biologics of GBM cells through chromatin remodeling, modulation of the TME, and signaling pathways. In addition, we highlighted the importance of PTM enzymes as therapeutic biomarkers and the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in protein PTM prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological, University, India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological, University, India; School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States of America
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological, University, India; Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University, Sonepat, Haryana, India.
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological, University, India.
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Caddye E, Pineau J, Reyniers J, Ronen I, Colasanti A. Lactate: A Theranostic Biomarker for Metabolic Psychiatry? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1656. [PMID: 37759960 PMCID: PMC10526106 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in neurometabolism and mitochondria are implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric conditions such as mood disorders and schizophrenia. Thus, developing objective biomarkers related to brain mitochondrial function is crucial for the development of interventions, such as central nervous system penetrating agents that target brain health. Lactate, a major circulatory fuel source that can be produced and utilized by the brain and body, is presented as a theranostic biomarker for neurometabolic dysfunction in psychiatric conditions. This concept is based on three key properties of lactate that make it an intriguing metabolic intermediate with implications for this field: Firstly, the lactate response to various stimuli, including physiological or psychological stress, represents a quantifiable and dynamic marker that reflects metabolic and mitochondrial health. Second, lactate concentration in the brain is tightly regulated according to the sleep-wake cycle, the dysregulation of which is implicated in both metabolic and mood disorders. Third, lactate universally integrates arousal behaviours, pH, cellular metabolism, redox states, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and can signal and encode this information via intra- and extracellular pathways in the brain. In this review, we expand on the above properties of lactate and discuss the methodological developments and rationale for the use of functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy for in vivo monitoring of brain lactate. We conclude that accurate and dynamic assessment of brain lactate responses might contribute to the development of novel and personalized therapies that improve mitochondrial health in psychiatric disorders and other conditions associated with neurometabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Caddye
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
| | - Julien Pineau
- Independent Researcher, Florianópolis 88062-300, Brazil
| | - Joshua Reyniers
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
| | - Itamar Ronen
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
| | - Alessandro Colasanti
- Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Falmer BN1 9RR, UK
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Zhang L, Wang X, Che W, Zhou S, Feng Y. METTL3 silenced inhibited the ferroptosis development via regulating the TFRC levels in the Intracerebral hemorrhage progression. Brain Res 2023; 1811:148373. [PMID: 37105375 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) refers to the hemorrhage caused by the increase and rupture of vascular brittleness in non traumatic brain parenchyma, which has been demonstrated to be closely related to ferroptosis. This study aimed to examine the effects of methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) on the ferroptosis in the ICH progression. The PC12 cells was stimulated by hemin to establish a ICH model. The cell viability was tested by CCK8 assay. The Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by the corresponding commercial kits. The cell death was analyzed by propidium Iodide (PI) staining. The lactylation levels were detected by western blot. M6A dot blot assay was performed to detected the total m6A levels and MeRIP assay was conducted to determine the m6A levels of transferrin receptor (TFRC). We found that the METTL3 and m6A levels were increased in the hemin treated PC12 cells. METTL3 knockdown increased the cell viability and decreased Fe2+, ROS and MDA levels in the hemin treated PC12 cells. The role of METTL3 knockdown in the hemin treated PC12 cells was reversed after TFRC overexpression. Mechanistically, the METTL3 lactylation was increased in the hemin treated PC12 cells, which further enhanced the protein stability and expression of METTL3. The up-regulated METTL3 increased the m6A levels and mRNA expressions of TFRC, which further induced the ferroptosis of the PC12 cells. In conclusion, the up-regulation of METTL3 lactylation enhanced the METTL3 protein stability and expression levels in hemin treated PC12 cells. METTL3 silenced suppressed the ferroptosis development through regulating the m6A levels of TFRC mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Wenqiang Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Shuoming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University
| | - Yongjian Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University.
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