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Li Z, Zhao Q, Liu X, Zhou X, Wang Y, Zhao M, Wu F, Zhao G, Guo X. Capsaicin combined with cisplatin inhibits TGF-β1-induced EMT and TSCC cells migration via the Claudin-1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:300. [PMID: 39198820 PMCID: PMC11360848 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors among oral cancers, and its treatment is based on radio-chemotherapy and surgery, which always produces more serious side effects and sequelae. Traditional medicine can compensate for the shortcomings of modern medical treatments and play a better therapeutic role. Currently, active ingredients derived from plants are attracting the attention of researchers and clinical professionals. We examined capsaicin (CAP), an active ingredient isolated from Capsicum annuum (family Solanaceae), and explored the effect of CAP combined with cisplatin (DDP) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TSCC cells migration. Our results demonstrated that Transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) induced EMT and promoted cell migration in TSCC cells. CAP combined with DDP inhibits non-TGF-β1-induced or TGF-β1-induced EMT and migration. Mechanistically, the inhibition of non-TGF-β1-induced EMT and migration by CAP combined with DDP was mediated by the AMPK/mTOR pathway, whereas TGF-β1-induced EMT and migration were regulated by the Claudin-1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. A nude lung metastasis mouse model was established for in vivo validation. These results support our hypothesis that the combination of CAP and DDP inhibits TSCC metastasis. These data set the stage for further studies aimed at validating CAP as an effective active ingredient for enhancing chemotherapy efficacy and reducing the dosage and toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs, ultimately paving the way for translational research and clinical trials for TSCC eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Li
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Qiwei Zhao
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiayang Liu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Zhou
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Fenghua Wu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 16, Huangjiahu West Road, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, 430065, Hubei, P.R. China.
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Xu Y, Kong W, Zhao S, Xiong D, Wang Y. Capsaicin enhances cisplatin-induced anti-metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inhibiting EMT and ERK signaling via serpin family B member 2. Carcinogenesis 2024; 45:556-568. [PMID: 38756095 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (DDP)-based combined chemotherapy or concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the mainstay treatment for advanced-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but needs improvement due to its severe side effects. Capsaicin (CAP) can enhance the anti-tumor activity of cytotoxic drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-metastasis activity of CAP in combination with DDP in NPC. Herein, CAP and DDP showed synergistic cytotoxic effects on NPC cells. CAP alone and DDP alone inhibited NPC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo, and the combination of CAP and DDP had the greatest effect. Moreover, CAP upregulated the mRNA and protein expressions of serpin family B member 2 (SERPINB2). Further results showed that both SERPINB2 mRNA and protein expressions were downregulated in NPC cell lines and tissues and SERPINB2 overexpression inhibited NPC migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo, while silencing SERPINB2 acted oppositely. In addition, SERPINB2 was abnormally expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and other multiple cancers, and downregulation of SERPINB2 predicted poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma according to the Cancer Genome Atlas database. We further found that SERPINB2 overexpression inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), and the inhibitory effect was enhanced by CAP and DDP. Altogether, our results suggest that the combined inhibition of CAP and DDP on NPC metastasis may be related to the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and ERK signals mediated by SERPINB2, and CAP may help to improve the efficacy of DDP in the treatment of NPC and develop new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 1066 Xue Yuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Weimiao Kong
- Youth Innovation Team of Medical Bioinformatics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 1066 Xue Yuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Simin Zhao
- Youth Innovation Team of Medical Bioinformatics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 1066 Xue Yuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Medical Laboratory of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, 47 Youyi Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518005, China
| | - Yejun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 1066 Xue Yuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Youth Innovation Team of Medical Bioinformatics, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 1066 Xue Yuan Road, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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Vel SK, Ramakrishnan A, Sindya J, Rajanathadurai J, Perumal E. Evaluation of Cytotoxic and Anti-cancer Potential of Capsaicin on Lung Cancer Cell Line: An In Vitro Investigation. Cureus 2024; 16:e68119. [PMID: 39347291 PMCID: PMC11438474 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.68119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide is lung cancer. Approximately 1.8 million new cases were diagnosed, and 1.6 million individuals died. Available treatment options are inefficient leading to tumour recurrence. Hence there is a need for novel therapeutic advancements in lung cancer treatment. Capsaicin, a naturally occurring protoalkaloid, was found to possess several potential benefits. Aim The aim of the study was to examine capsaicin's cytotoxic and anti-cancer effects in the lung cancer cell line (A549). Materials and methods The cell viability of lung cancer cells treated with capsaicin was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. A549 cells were treated with capsaicin at concentrations ranging from 25 to 150 µM/mL for 24 hours. Changes in cell morphology were observed using a phase-contrast microscope. Nuclear morphological alterations in the lung cancer cells were examined through acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) staining and viewed under a fluorescent microscope to identify apoptotic nuclei. Gene expression analysis was performed using quantitative real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) to evaluate the expression of apoptotic genes, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2). Capsaicin's anti-migratory properties were assessed using a scratch wound healing assay. Result Our study demonstrated that treating lung cancer cells with capsaicin dramatically decreased their vitality, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the treatment and control groups. In lung cancer cells, we measured the inhibitory concentration (IC-50) at 101.2μM/ml. Following treatment, the number of cells decreased, and those that remained exhibited cytoplasmic membrane blebbing and shrunk. With AO/EtBr staining, treated cells showed an increased number of apoptotic cells. The study's findings showed that after receiving capsaicin, there was a significant downregulation of TGF-β and SMAD2. Moreover, when compared to control cells, capsaicin-treated cells' migration was markedly reduced. Through modification of the TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling system, capsaicin therapy dramatically promotes apoptosis and inhibits migration. Conclusion In conclusion, the study's results indicate that capsaicin may have anti-tumor effects on lung cancer cells. To fully comprehend the mechanism underlying capsaicin's anticancer potential and its therapeutic application, further studies are much needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree Kathir Vel
- College of Medicine, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Abinaya Ramakrishnan
- Ophthalmology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Jospin Sindya
- Oncology, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Jeevitha Rajanathadurai
- Oncology, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Elumalai Perumal
- Oncology, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
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Liu X, Li Z, Zhao Q, Zhou X, Wang Y, Zhao G, Guo X. Capsaicin reverses cisplatin resistance in tongue squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting the Warburg effect and facilitating mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis via the AMPK/AKT/mTOR axis. Cell Biol Int 2024; 48:1097-1110. [PMID: 38706122 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin is commonly used for the chemotherapy of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC); however, adverse side effects and drug resistance impact its therapeutic efficacy. Capsaicin is an active ingredient in chili peppers that exerts antitumor effects, whether it exerts antitumor effects on cisplatin-resistant cells remains unknown. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of capsaicin on cisplatin resistance in TSCC cells and explored the underlying mechanisms. A cisplatin-resistant TSCC cell line was established by treated with increasing cisplatin concentrations. Combined treatment with cisplatin and capsaicin decreased the glucose consumption and lactate dehydrogenase activity and increased the adenosine triphosphate production both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the inhibition of the Warburg effect. Moreover, this combined treatment induced cell apoptosis and significantly upregulated the levels of proapoptotic proteins, such as Bax, cleaved caspase-3, -7, and -9, and apoptosis-inducing factor. In contrast, levels of the antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-2, were downregulated. Additionally, LKB1 and AMPK activities were stimulated, whereas those of AKT and mTOR were suppressed. Notably, AMPK knockdown abolished the inhibitory effects of capsaicin and cisplatin on the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and Warburg effect. Overall, combined treatment with capsaicin and cisplatin reversed cisplatin resistance by inhibiting the Warburg effect and facilitating mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis via the AMPK/AKT/mTOR axis. Our findings suggest combination therapy with capsaicin and cisplatin as a potentially novel strategy and highlight capsaicin as a promising adjuvant drug for TSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayang Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiwei Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, China
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Mondal A, Banerjee S, Terang W, Bishayee A, Zhang J, Ren L, da Silva MN, Bishayee A. Capsaicin: A chili pepper bioactive phytocompound with a potential role in suppressing cancer development and progression. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1191-1223. [PMID: 38176910 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cancer profoundly influences morbidity and fatality rates worldwide. Patients often have dismal prognoses despite recent improvements in cancer therapy regimens. However, potent biomolecules derived from natural sources, including medicinal and dietary plants, contain biological and pharmacological properties to prevent and treat various human malignancies. Capsaicin is a bioactive phytocompound present in red hot chili peppers. Capsaicin has demonstrated many biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This review highlights the cellular and molecular pathways through which capsaicin exhibits antineoplastic activities. Our work also depicts the synergistic anticancer properties of capsaicin in conjunction with other natural bioactive components and approved anticancer drugs. Capsaicin inhibits proliferation in various cancerous cells, and its antineoplastic actions in numerous in vitro and in vivo carcinoma models impact oncogenesis, tumor-promoting and suppressor genes, and associated signaling pathways. Capsaicin alone or combined with other phytocompounds or approved antineoplastic drugs triggers cell cycle progression arrest, generating reactive oxygen species and disrupting mitochondrial membrane integrity, ultimately stimulating caspases and promoting death. Furthermore, capsaicin alone or in combination can promote apoptosis in carcinoma cells by enhancing the p53 and c-Myc gene expressions. In conclusion, capsaicin alone or in combination can have enormous potential for cancer prevention and intervention, but further high-quality studies are needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of this phytocompound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M.R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol, India
| | - Wearank Terang
- Department of Pharmacology, Rahman Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kamrup, India
| | - Anusha Bishayee
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Milton Nascimento da Silva
- Laboratory of Liquid Chromatography, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Chemistry Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Science Post-Graduation Program, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida, USA
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Singhirunnusorn P, Moolmuang B, Ruchirawat M. Capsaicin suppresses the migration and invasion of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through the modulation of mTOR signaling pathway. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1913-1924. [PMID: 37781054 PMCID: PMC10541384 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a malignancy of the nasopharynx, is prevalent in Southeast Asia and Southern China. The prognosis of NPC is poor and local recurrence and metastasis often occur. Capsaicin (tran-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a pungent constituent of hot chili peppers, shows anti-cancer activities such as anti-proliferation and anti-metastasis. Currently, the role of capsaicin in cell metastasis of NPC is not well understood. We tested whether capsaicin has anti-metastatic activity in NPC cell lines. Capsaicin suppressed cell proliferation in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, capsaicin inhibited cell metastasis as shown by wound healing assay and decreased the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9. In addition, the phosphorylation of mTOR was downregulated by capsaicin. Combination of capsaicin and rapamycin (mTOR inhibitor) treatments led to increasing of anti-growth and anti-metastatic activities. Therefore, capsaicin has potential to be used as an optional therapeutic drug for treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattama Singhirunnusorn
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Benchamart Moolmuang
- Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Mathuros Ruchirawat
- Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology, Office of Higher Education Commission, Bangkok, 10400 Thailand
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Na-Bangchang K, Plengsuriyakarn T, Karbwang J. The Role of Herbal Medicine in Cholangiocarcinoma Control: A Systematic Review. PLANTA MEDICA 2023; 89:3-18. [PMID: 35468650 DOI: 10.1055/a-1676-9678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The growing incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) and limited treatment options stimulate a pressing demand for research and the development of new chemotherapeutics against cholangiocarcinoma. This study aimed to systematically review herbs and herb-derived compounds or herbal formulations that have been investigated for their anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential. Systematic literature searches were conducted in three electronic databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. One hundred and twenty-three research articles fulfilled the eligibility critera and were included in the analysis (68 herbs, isolated compounds and/or synthetic analogs, 9 herbal formulations, and 119 compounds that are commonly found in several plant species). The most investigated herbs were Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae). Only A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) has undergone the full process of nonclinical and clinical development to deliver the final product for clinical use. The extracts of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae), Garcinia hanburyi Hook.f. (Clusiaceae), and Piper nigrum L. (Piperaceae) exhibit antiproliferative activities against human cholangiocarcinoma cells (IC50 < 15 µg/mL). Cucurbitacin B and triptolide are herbal isolated compounds that exhibit the most promising activities (IC50 < 1 µM). A series of experimental studies (in vitro, in vivo, and humans) confirmed the anti-cholangiocarcinoma potential and safety profile of A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) and its active compounds atractylodin and β-eudesmol, including the capsule pharmaceutical of the standardized A. lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae) extract. Future research should be focused on the full development of the candidate herbs to deliver products that are safe and effective for cholangiocarcinoma control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn
- Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Juntra Karbwang
- Drug Discovery and Development Center, Office of Advanced Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klongneung, Klongluang District, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Adetunji TL, Olawale F, Olisah C, Adetunji AE, Aremu AO. Capsaicin: A Two-Decade Systematic Review of Global Research Output and Recent Advances Against Human Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:908487. [PMID: 35912207 PMCID: PMC9326111 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is one of the most important natural products in the genus Capsicum. Due to its numerous biological effects, there has been extensive and increasing research interest in capsaicin, resulting in increased scientific publications in recent years. Therefore, an in-depth bibliometric analysis of published literature on capsaicin from 2001 to 2021 was performed to assess the global research status, thematic and emerging areas, and potential insights into future research. Furthermore, recent research advances of capsaicin and its combination therapy on human cancer as well as their potential mechanisms of action were described. In the last two decades, research outputs on capsaicin have increased by an estimated 18% per year and were dominated by research articles at 93% of the 3753 assessed literature. In addition, anti-cancer/pharmacokinetics, cytotoxicity, in vivo neurological and pain research studies were the keyword clusters generated and designated as thematic domains for capsaicin research. It was evident that the United States, China, and Japan accounted for about 42% of 3753 publications that met the inclusion criteria. Also, visibly dominant collaboration nodes and networks with most of the other identified countries were established. Assessment of the eligible literature revealed that the potential of capsaicin for mitigating cancer mainly entailed its chemo-preventive effects, which were often linked to its ability to exert multi-biological effects such as anti-mutagenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, clinical studies were limited, which may be related to some of the inherent challenges associated with capsaicin in the limited clinical trials. This review presents a novel approach to visualizing information about capsaicin research and a comprehensive perspective on the therapeutic significance and applications of capsaicin in the treatment of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Lois Adetunji
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Femi Olawale
- Nano-Gene and Drug Delivery Group, Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Chijioke Olisah
- Department of Botany and Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa
| | | | - Adeyemi Oladapo Aremu
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Liu Z, Wang W, Li X, Tang S, Meng D, Xia W, Wang H, Wu Y, Zhou X, Zhang J. Capsaicin ameliorates renal fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154067. [PMID: 35349832 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by renal fibrosis, is a global refractory disease with few effective therapeutic strategies. It has been reported that capsaicin exerts many pharmacological effects including liver and cardiac fibrosis. However, whether capsaicin plays a therapeutic role in renal fibrosis remains unclear. METHODS We investigated antifibrotic effects of capsaicin in two mouse renal fibrosis models as follows: C57BL/6J mice were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and fed with an adenine-rich diet. We uncovered and verified the mechanisms of capsaicin in human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2). We mainly used histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, western blot assay, biochemical examination and other tools to examine the effects of capsaicin on renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Capsaicin treatment significantly alleviated fibronectin and collagen depositions in the tubulointerstitium of the injured kidneys from UUO and adenine-fed mice. Meanwhile, capsaicin treatment obviously reduced α-SMA expression. Moreover, capsaicin treatment dramatically protected against the phenotypic alteration of tubular epithelial cells by increasing E-cadherin expression and decreasing vimentin expression during renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, capsaicin treatment effectively suppressed α-SMA and vimentin expressions but promoted E-cadherin expression in HK2 cells mainly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling. CONCLUSION Capsaicin significantly ameliorated renal fibrosis possibly by retarding the activation of myofibroblasts and protecting against the phenotypic alteration of tubular epithelial cells mainly through the inhibition of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling. Thus, our findings may provide a new insight into the clinical application of capsaicin in renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Weili Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Sha Tang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Dongwei Meng
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Wenli Xia
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, PR China.
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10
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Hashem S, Ali TA, Akhtar S, Nisar S, Sageena G, Ali S, Al-Mannai S, Therachiyil L, Mir R, Elfaki I, Mir MM, Jamal F, Masoodi T, Uddin S, Singh M, Haris M, Macha M, Bhat AA. Targeting cancer signaling pathways by natural products: Exploring promising anti-cancer agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113054. [PMID: 35658225 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and significantly burdens the healthcare system. Due to its prevalence, there is undoubtedly an unmet need to discover novel anticancer drugs. The use of natural products as anticancer agents is an acceptable therapeutic approach due to accessibility, applicability, and reduced cytotoxicity. Natural products have been an incomparable source of anticancer drugs in the modern era of drug discovery. Along with their derivatives and analogs, natural products play a major role in cancer treatment by modulating the cancer microenvironment and different signaling pathways. These compounds are effective against several signaling pathways, mainly cell death pathways (apoptosis and autophagy) and embryonic developmental pathways (Notch pathway, Wnt pathway, and Hedgehog pathway). The historical record of natural products is strong, but there is a need to investigate the current role of natural products in the discovery and development of cancer drugs and determine the possibility of natural products being an important source of future therapeutic agents. Many target-specific anticancer drugs failed to provide successful results, which accounts for a need to investigate natural products with multi-target characteristics to achieve better outcomes. The potential of natural products to be promising novel compounds for cancer treatment makes them an important area of research. This review explores the significance of natural products in inhibiting the various signaling pathways that serve as drivers of carcinogenesis and thus pave the way for developing and discovering anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheema Hashem
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tayyiba Akbar Ali
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Akhtar
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sabah Nisar
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shahid Ali
- International Potato Center (CIP), Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Sharefa Al-Mannai
- Division of Translational Medicine, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rashid Mir
- Prince Fahd Bin Sultan Research chair, Department Of Medical Lab Technology, FAMS, University of Tabuk,Saudi Arabia
| | - Imadeldin Elfaki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Muzaffar Mir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrukh Jamal
- Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Muzafar Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
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11
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Zhou JC, Wu B, Zhang JJ, Zhang W. Lupeol triggers oxidative stress, ferroptosis, apoptosis and restrains inflammation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma via AMPK/NF-κB pathway. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 44:621-631. [PMID: 35486494 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2072328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor with high incidence in Asia. This study investigated the anti-tumor capacities of lupeol in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHODS CCK-8 assay was employed to select the suitable concentration and intervention time of lupeol in 5-8F and CNE1 cells. The anti-cancer impacts of lupeol were evaluated by flow cytometry, ROS generation, western blotting, ELISA, iron assay, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), TUNEL, and immunohistochemistry assays. Additionally, levels of AMPK/NF-κB pathway-related proteins were tested by western blotting. RESULTS Cell viability was notably decreased after administration of lupeol ≧ 20 μM. 20 μM and 40 μM lupeol induced cell apoptosis, enhanced oxidative stress and restrained immune response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to some extent, as evidenced by the elevation of apoptotic rate, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression, ROS production and malondialdehyde level, and reduction of levels of Bcl-2, MMP, superoxide dismutase, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. Also, lupeol promoted the iron secretion and lipid peroxidation, the effects of which were reversed by ferroptosis inhibitor (Fer-1). The inhibitory impacts of lupeol at the doses of 20 μM and 40 μM on glutathione and GPX4 levels were observed. Importantly, lupeol significantly elevated AMPKα phosphorylation, and reduced the levels of p-IκBα and nuclear NF-κB p65. Rescue assay stated that siAMPK could neutralize the above impacts of lupeol. Moreover, lupeol suppressed tumorigenesis of xenografts in nude mice. CONCLUSION Lupeol exerted the anti-cancer impacts by inducing oxidative stress, ferroptosis and apoptosis, and suppressing inflammation via the AMPK/NF-κB pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Chun Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University. The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University. The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University. The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Li HB, Chen JK, Su ZX, Jin QL, Deng LW, Huang G, Shen JN. Cordycepin augments the chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma to cisplatin by activating AMPK and suppressing the AKT signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:706. [PMID: 34953496 PMCID: PMC8709946 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in children and adolescents. However, some patients with osteosarcoma develop resistance to chemotherapy, leading to a poor clinical prognosis. Hence, effective therapeutic agents that can improve the response to chemotherapy drugs to improve the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma are urgently needed. Cordycepin has recently emerged as a promising antitumor drug candidate. This study aims to explore the effect of cordycepin in suppressing osteosarcoma in vivo and in vitro and the synergistic effect of cordycepin combined with cisplatin and to demonstrate the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods CCK-8 assay was performed to investigate the inhibition effect of cordycepin combined with cisplatin in osteosarcoma cell lines. The colony formation and invasion abilities were measured by colony formation assay and Transwell assay. Osteosarcoma cells apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of cell apoptosis-related proteins and AMPK and AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins. Finally, we performed the in vivo animal model to further explore whether cordycepin and cisplatin exert synergistic antitumor effects. Results Notably, we found that treatment with cordycepin inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, and induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the combination of cordycepin and cisplatin led to marked inhibition of osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion and promoted osteosarcoma cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that cordycepin enhanced the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin by activating AMPK and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusions In brief, this study provides comprehensive evidence that cordycepin inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and invasion and induces osteosarcoma cell apoptosis by activating AMPK and inhibiting the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin, suggesting that cordycepin is a promising treatment for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Li
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jun-Kai Chen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Ze-Xin Su
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qing-Lin Jin
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Li-Wen Deng
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Gang Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Jing-Nan Shen
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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13
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Sarkar A, Das S, Rahaman A, Das Talukdar A, Bhattacharjee S, Mandal DP. Eugenol and capsaicin exhibit anti-metastatic activity via modulating TGF-β signaling in gastric carcinoma. Food Funct 2021; 11:9020-9034. [PMID: 33016967 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00887g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling is considered to be a key player in gastric cancer metastasis, and the inhibition of the TGF-β/SMAD4 signaling pathway may be a novel strategy for therapeutic interventions in cancer. Here, the anti-metastatic activity of two phytochemicals, eugenol and capsaicin, has been studied, and their potential to antagonize TGF-β has been investigated in gastric cancer cells. Both the phytochemicals exhibited anti-metastatic activity by inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway independent of P21 or P53, with capsaicin proving to be more potent than eugenol. However, unlike eugenol, the inhibitory effect of capsaicin on the TGF-β signaling pathway and metastasis was found to be dependent on SMAD4, which was validated in SMAD4-knocked down AGS cell and SMAD4-null SW620 cell line. Furthermore, the use of recombinant TGF-β and TGF-β receptor inhibitor LY2109761 confirmed that the anti-metastatic activity of eugenol is partially and that of capsaicin is principally mediated through the TGF-β signaling pathway. Identifying phytochemicals with the potential to inhibit cancer metastasis by targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway has immense scope for developing a therapeutic strategy against cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Berunanpukuria, Malikapur, North-24 Parganas, Barasat, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subrata Das
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar-788011, India
| | - Ashikur Rahaman
- Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Berunanpukuria, Malikapur, North-24 Parganas, Barasat, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India.
| | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar-788011, India
| | - Shamee Bhattacharjee
- Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Berunanpukuria, Malikapur, North-24 Parganas, Barasat, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India.
| | - Deba Prasad Mandal
- Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, Berunanpukuria, Malikapur, North-24 Parganas, Barasat, Kolkata-700126, West Bengal, India.
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14
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Alimoradi N, Firouzabadi N, Fatehi R. Metformin and insulin-resistant related diseases: Emphasis on the role of microRNAs. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111662. [PMID: 34243629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is one of the most prescribed drugs in type II diabetes (T2DM) which has recently found new applications in the prevention and treatment of various illnesses, from metabolic disorders to cardiovascular and age-related diseases. Metformin improves insulin resistance (IR) by modulating metabolic mechanisms and mitochondrial biogenesis. Alternation of microRNAs (miRs) in the treatment of IR-related illnesses has been observed by metformin therapy. MiRs are small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in RNA silencing, targeting the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of most mRNAs and inhibiting the translation of related proteins. As a result, their dysregulation is associated with many diseases. Metformin may alter miRs levels in the treatment of various diseases by AMPK-dependent or AMPK-independent mechanisms. Here, we summarized the therapeutic role of metformin by modifying the aberrant expression of miRs as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in diseases in which IR plays a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Alimoradi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Negar Firouzabadi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reihaneh Fatehi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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15
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Huang J, Feng W, Li S, Tang H, Qin S, Li W, Gong Y, Fang Y, Liu Y, Wang S, Guo Y, Xu Z, Shen Q. Berberine Exerts Anti-cancer Activity by Modulating Adenosine Monophosphate- Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/ Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) Signaling Pathways. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:565-574. [PMID: 32988344 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200928155728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The antagonistic relationship between adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling play a vital role in cancer development. The anti-cancer effects of berberine have been reported as a main component of the traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma coptidis, although the roles of these signaling pathways in these effects have not been systematically reviewed. METHODS We searched the PubMed database for studies with keywords including ["berberine"] and ["tumor" or "cancer"] and ["AMPK"] or ["AKT"] published between January 2010 and July 2020, to elucidate the roles of the AMPK and PI3K/AKT pathways and their upstream and downstream targets in the anti-cancer effects of berberine. RESULTS The anti-cancer effects of berberine include inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells, and prevention of metastasis and angiogenesis. The mechanism of these effects involves multiple cell kinases and signaling pathways, including activation of AMPK and forkhead box transcription factor O3a (FOXO3a), accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibition of the activity of PI3K/AKT, rapamycin (mTOR) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Most of these mechanisms converge on regulation of the balance of AMPK and PI3K/AKT signaling by berberine. CONCLUSION This evidence supports the possibility that berberine is a promising anti-cancer natural product, with pharmaceutical potential in inhibiting cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis via multiple pathways, particularly by regulating the balance of AMPK and PI3K/AKT signaling. However, systematic preclinical studies are still required to provide scientific evidence for further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Huang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Emergercy Department, South Branch of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Siru Qin
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yinan Gong
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shenjun Wang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Massage and Physiotherapy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
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16
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Wang F, Xue Y, Fu L, Wang Y, He M, Zhao L, Liao X. Extraction, purification, bioactivity and pharmacological effects of capsaicin: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5322-5348. [PMID: 33591238 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1884840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide), a well-known vanilloid, which is the main spicy component in chili peppers, showing several biological activities and the potential applications range from food flavorings to therapeutics. Traditional extraction of capsaicin by organic solvents was time-consuming, some new methods such as aqueous two-phase method and ionic liquid extraction method have been developed. During past few decades, an ample variety of biological effects of capsaicin have been evaluated. Capsaicin can be used in biofilms and antifouling coatings due to its antimicrobial activity, allowing it has a promising application in food packaging, food preservation, marine environment and dental therapy. Capsaicin also play a crucial role in metabolic disorders, including weight loss, pressure lowing and insulin reduction effects. In addition, capsaicin was identified effective on preventing human cancers, such as lung cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer and breast cancer by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell proliferation of tumor cells. Previous research also suggest the positive effects of capsaicin on pain relief and cognitive impairment. Capsaicin, the agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), could selectively activate TRPV1, inducing Ca2+ influx and related signaling pathways. Recently, gut microbiota was also involved in some diseases therapeutics, but its influence on the effects of capsaicin still need to be deeply studied. In this review, different extraction and purification methods of capsaicin, its biological activities and pharmacological effects were systematically summarized, as well as the possible mechanisms were also deeply discussed. This article will give an updated and better understanding of capsaicin-related biological effects and provide theoretical basis for its further research and applications in human health and manufacture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzhang Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Fu
- ACK Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Minxia He
- ACK Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Xinghua Industrial Research Centre for Food Science and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Xinghua, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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17
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Chen M, Xiao C, Jiang W, Yang W, Qin Q, Tan Q, Lian B, Liang Z, Wei C. Capsaicin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer by Down-Regulating FBI-1-Mediated NF-κB Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:125-140. [PMID: 33469265 PMCID: PMC7811378 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s269901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background As a natural compound extracted from a variety of hot peppers, capsaicin has drawn increasing attention to its anti-cancer effects against multiple human cancers including breast cancer. FBI-1 is a major proto-oncogene negatively regulating the transcription of many tumor suppressor genes, and plays a vital role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, whether FBI-1 is involved in capsaicin-induced breast cancer suppression has yet to be ascertained. This study aimed to investigate the effects of capsaicin on proliferation and apoptosis and its association with FBI-1 expression in breast cancer. Methods CCK-8 and morphological observation assay were employed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assay were conducted to detect cell apoptosis. RNA interference technique was used to overexpress or silence FBI-1 expression. qRT-PCR and/or Western blot analysis were applied to detect the protein expression of FBI-1, Ki-67, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-Caspase 3, Survivin and NF-κB p65. Xenograft model in nude mice was established to assess the in vivo effects. Results Capsaicin significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo, along with decreased FBI-1, Ki-67, Bcl-2 and Survivin protein expression, increased Bax protein expression and activated Caspase 3. Furthermore, FBI-1 overexpression obviously attenuated the capsaicin-induced anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effect, accompanied with the above-mentioned proteins reversed, whereas FBI-1 silencing generated exactly the opposite response. In addition, as a target gene of FBI-1, NF-κB was inactivated by p65 nuclear translocation suppressed with capsaicin treatment, which was perceptibly weakened with FBI-1 overexpression or enhanced with FBI-1 silencing. Conclusion This study reveals that FBI-1 is closely involved in capsaicin-induced anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis of breast cancer. The underlying mechanism may be related to down-regulation of FBI-1-mediated NF-κB pathway. Targeting FBI-1 with capsaicin may be a promising therapeutic strategy in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maojian Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chanchan Xiao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine and Public Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiping Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghong Qin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixing Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Lian
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Liang
- Department of Gland Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University & The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyuan Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People's Republic of China
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18
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Popescu GDA, Scheau C, Badarau IA, Dumitrache MD, Caruntu A, Scheau AE, Costache DO, Costache RS, Constantin C, Neagu M, Caruntu C. The Effects of Capsaicin on Gastrointestinal Cancers. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010094. [PMID: 33379302 PMCID: PMC7794743 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a group of diseases with very high positions in the ranking of cancer incidence and mortality. While they show common features regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer development, organ-specific pathophysiological processes may trigger distinct signaling pathways and intricate interactions with inflammatory cells from the tumoral milieu and mediators involved in tumorigenesis. The treatment of GI cancers is a topic of increasing interest due to the severity of these diseases, their impact on the patients' survivability and quality of life, and the burden they set on the healthcare system. As the efficiency of existing drugs is hindered by chemoresistance and adverse reactions when administered in high doses, new therapies are sought, and emerging drugs, formulations, and substance synergies are the focus of a growing number of studies. A class of chemicals with great potential through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumoral effects is phytochemicals, and capsaicin in particular is the subject of intensive research looking to validate its position in complementing cancer treatment. Our paper thoroughly reviews the available scientific evidence concerning the effects of capsaicin on major GI cancers and its interactions with the molecular pathways involved in the course of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Mihai-Daniel Dumitrache
- Departament of Pneumology IV, “Marius Nasta” Institute of Pneumophtysiology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Daniel Octavian Costache
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Raluca Simona Costache
- Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine Clinic, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 76201 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
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Luetragoon T, Pankla Sranujit R, Noysang C, Thongsri Y, Potup P, Suphrom N, Nuengchamnong N, Usuwanthim K. Anti-Cancer Effect of 3-Hydroxy-β-Ionone Identified from Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf on Human Squamous Cell Carcinoma 15 Cell Line. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163563. [PMID: 32764438 PMCID: PMC7464402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of head and neck cancer worldwide. Radiation and chemotherapy are general treatments for patients; however, these remedies can have adverse side effects and tumours develop drug resistance. Effective treatments still require improvement for cancer patients. Here, we investigated the anti-cancer effect of Moringa oleifera (MO) Lam. leaf extracts and their fractions, 3-hydroxy-β-ionone on SCC15 cell line. SCC15 were treated with and without MO leaf extracts and their fractions. MTT assay was used to determine cell viability on SCC15. Cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by the Muse™ Cell Analyser. Colony formation and wound closure analysis of SCC15 were performed in 6-well plates. Apoptosis markers were evaluated by immunoblotting. We found that Moringa extracts and 3-HBI significantly inhibited proliferation of SCC15. Moreover, they induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in SCC15 compared to the untreated control. MO extracts and 3-HBI also inhibited colony formation and cell migration of SCC15. Furthermore, we observed the upregulation of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax with downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, indicating the induction of cancer cell apoptosis. Our results revealed that MO extracts and 3-HBI provided anti-cancer properties by inhibiting progression and inducing apoptosis of SCC15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiya Luetragoon
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (Y.T.); (P.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Rungnapa Pankla Sranujit
- Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand; (R.P.S.); (C.N.)
| | - Chanai Noysang
- Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 12130, Thailand; (R.P.S.); (C.N.)
| | - Yordhathai Thongsri
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (Y.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Pachuen Potup
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (Y.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Nungruthai Suphrom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Nitra Nuengchamnong
- Science Laboratory Centre, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand;
| | - Kanchana Usuwanthim
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Research Unit, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand; (T.L.); (Y.T.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-55-966-411; Fax: +66-55-966-234
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20
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Chiang C, Zhang M, Wang D, Xiao T, Zhu L, Chen K, Huang J, Huang J, Zhu J, Li L, Chen C, Chen Y, Hu H, Jiang W, Zou Y, Wang T, Zheng D. Therapeutic potential of targeting MKK3-p38 axis with Capsaicin for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:7906-7920. [PMID: 32685028 PMCID: PMC7359099 DOI: 10.7150/thno.45191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Capsaicin is an active compound found in plants of the Capsicum genus; it has a range of therapeutic benefits, including anti-tumor effects. Here we aimed to delineate the inhibitory effects of capsaicin on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: The anti-cancer effects of capsaicin were confirmed in NPC cell lines and xenograft mouse models, using CCK-8, clonogenic, wound-healing, transwell migration and invasion assays. Co-immunoprecipitation, western blotting and pull-down assays were used to determine the effects of capsaicin on the MKK3-p38 axis. Cell proliferation and EMT marker expression were monitored in MKK3 knockdown (KD) or over-expression NPC cell lines treated with or without capsaicin. Finally, immunohistochemistry was performed on NPC specimens from NPC patients (n = 132) and the clinical relevance was analyzed. Results: Capsaicin inhibited cell proliferation, mobility and promoted apoptosis in NPC cells. Then we found that capsaicin directly targets p38 for dephosphorylation. As such, MKK3-induced p38 activation was inhibited by capsaicin. Furthermore, we found that capsaicin-induced inhibition of cell motility was mediated by fucokinase. Xenograft models demonstrated the inhibitory effects of capsaicin treatment on NPC tumor growth in vivo, and analysis of clinical NPC samples confirmed that MKK3 phosphorylation was associated with NPC tumor growth and lymphoid node metastasis. Conclusions: The MKK3-p38 axis represents a potential therapeutic target for capsaicin. MKK3 phosphorylation might serve as a biomarker to identify NPC patients most likely to benefit from adjunctive capsaicin treatment.
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21
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Prabhakar PK, Singh K, Kabra D, Gupta J. Natural SIRT1 modifiers as promising therapeutic agents for improving diabetic wound healing. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 76:153252. [PMID: 32505916 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The occurrence of chronic wounds, account for significant suffering of diabetic people, together with increasing healthcare burden. The chronic wounds associated with diabetes do not undergo the normal healing process rather stagnate into chronic proinflammatory phase as well as declined fibroblast function and impaired cell migration. HYPOTHESIS SIRT1, which is the most studied isoform of the sirtuin family in mammals, has now emerged as a crucial target for improving diabetic wound healing. It is an NAD+ dependent deacetylase, originally characterized to deacetylate histone proteins leading to heterochromatin formation and gene silencing. It is now known to regulate a number of cellular processes like cell proliferation, division, senescence, apoptosis, DNA repair, and metabolism. METHODOLOGY The retrieval of potentially relevant studies was done by systematically searching of three databases (Google Scholar, Web of science and PubMed) in December 2019. The keywords used as search terms were related to SIRT1 and wound healing. The systematic search retrieved 649 papers that were potentially relevant and after selection procedure, 73 studies were included this review and discussed below. RESULTS Many SIRT1 activating compounds (SACs) were found protective and improve diabetic wound healing through regulation of inflammation, cell migration, oxidative stress response and formation of granulation tissue at the wound site. CONCLUSIONS However, contradictory reports describe the opposing role of SACs on the regulation of cell migration and cancer incidence. SACs are therefore subjected to intense research for understanding the mechanisms responsible for controlling cell migration and therefore possess prospective to enter the clinical arena in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Kumar Prabhakar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University Punjab, India 144411
| | - Karmveer Singh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dhiraj Kabra
- Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Limited, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, 390010
| | - Jeena Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University Punjab, India 144411.
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22
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Zhang Y, Zhou X, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Wang X, Cheng L. Involvement of NF-κB signaling pathway in the regulation of PRKAA1-mediated tumorigenesis in gastric cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 47:3677-3686. [PMID: 31841039 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1657876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated alpha 1 catalytic subunit (PRKAA1) is one of the subunits of the mammalian 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) playing an important role in maintaining intracellular energy metabolism and associating with the risk of gastric cancer (GC). This paper aims to uncover the influences of PRKAA1 on the tumorigenesis of GC, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We found that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection markedly increased p-NF-κBp50 and NF-κBp50 expression, along with the PRKAA1 expression, which was inhibited by NF-κBp50 knockdown. NF-κBp50 and PRKAA1 expression were lower in non-tumor gastric tissues compared with that in GC tumor tissues. Up-regulation of PRKAA1 expression was correlated with poor survival in GC patients. MKN-45 and BGC-823 cells stably knockdown of PRKAA1 were transplanted into nude mice and observed the decreased cell metastasis in the lungs. PRKAA1 knockdown in GC cells showed significant decreases in the cell invasion and migration and inhibited MMP-2 expression and NF-κB activation, whereas PRKAA1 involved in NF-κBp50 mediated GC cell invasion and migration. In conclusion, our findings suggest the involvement of NF-κBp50 in the regulation of PRKAA1 in GC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xichang Zhou
- Department of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinglin Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Ma NQ, Chen SZ, Yu FX. Progress in understanding role of capsaicin in prevention and treatment of digestive system tumors. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:98-102. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i3.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation and chemotherapy are still the main treatments for malignant tumors, but their side effects are significant. Thus, searching natural active substances for the prevention and treatment of tumor has attracted wide attention. Capsaicin (Cap) is the main active ingredient in chili hot material. Since the 20th century, more and more studies have been performed on the clinical effects of Cap, and its antitumor function has become a currently hot research topic. The antitumor mechanism of Cap is complex, and it can cause tumor cell proliferation inhibition, apoptosis, and autophagy, inhibit tumor cell migration and invasion, and have an anti-angiogenesis property. As a potential anti-tumor drug, Cap has a broad prospect to increase the efficacy of other chemotherapy drugs. This paper reviews the role of Cap in the prevention and treatment of digestive system tumors and discusses the possible mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Qing Ma
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shi-Zuan Chen
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fu-Xiang Yu
- Department of Hepatological Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
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24
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Friedman JR, Richbart SD, Merritt JC, Brown KC, Denning KL, Tirona MT, Valentovic MA, Miles SL, Dasgupta P. Capsaicinoids: Multiple effects on angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis in human cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109317. [PMID: 31404777 PMCID: PMC6759410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is a complex multistep process comprising of angiogenesis of the primary tumor, its invasion into the surrounding stroma and its migration to distant organs to produce metastases. Nutritional compounds of the "capsaicinoid" family regulate angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis of tumors. Capsaicinoids display robust anti-angiogenic activity in both cell culture and mice models. However, conflicting reports exist about the effect of capsaicinoids on invasion of metastasis of cancers. While some published reports have described an anti-invasive and anti-metastatic role for capsaicinoids, others have argued that capsaicinoids stimulate invasion and metastasis of cancers. The present review article summarizes these findings involving the bioactivity of capsaicin in angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis of cancer. A survey of literature indicate that they are several articles summarizing the growth-inhibitory activity of capsaicinoids but few describe its effects on angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis in detail. Our review article fills this gap of knowledge. The discovery of a second generation of natural and synthetic capsaicin analogs (with anti-tumor activity) will pave the way to improved strategies for the treatment of several human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Stephen D Richbart
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Justin C Merritt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Krista L Denning
- Department of Pathology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Maria T Tirona
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Edwards Cancer Center, Cabell Huntington Hospital, 1400 Hal Greer Boulevard, Huntington, WV 25701, United States
| | - Monica A Valentovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Sarah L Miles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 1 John Marshall Drive, WV 25755, United States.
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25
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Zhang S, Wang D, Huang J, Hu Y, Xu Y. Application of capsaicin as a potential new therapeutic drug in human cancers. J Clin Pharm Ther 2019; 45:16-28. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengping Zhang
- Department of Surgical Urology The People's Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen China
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Pharmacy Central South University Changsha China
| | - Jingying Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yueming Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen China
| | - Yafei Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen China
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26
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Maruca A, Catalano R, Bagetta D, Mesiti F, Ambrosio FA, Romeo I, Moraca F, Rocca R, Ortuso F, Artese A, Costa G, Alcaro S, Lupia A. The Mediterranean Diet as source of bioactive compounds with multi-targeting anti-cancer profile. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111579. [PMID: 31398616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Many bioactive agents have been extracted from plants or belong to functional foods and have been considered in the treatment of serious and multifactorial diseases, such as cancer. In particular, this review is focused on the anti-cancer properties owned by several natural products typically from the Mediterranean area. In some regions of the South of Italy, a lower cancer incidence has been observed. There is increasing evidence that adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern correlates with reduced risk of several cancer types. This could be mainly attributed to the typical lifestyle aspects of the Mediterranean diet, such as high consumption of fruit and vegetables. In this review, the main natural products of the Mediterranean area are discussed, with particular attention on their anti-cancer properties endowed with multi-target profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Maruca
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Raffaella Catalano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Donatella Bagetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Mesiti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Isabella Romeo
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Calabria, Via Pietro Bucci, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Federica Moraca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano, 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Rocca
- Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine "Magna Græcia" University, Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Francesco Ortuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Artese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Lupia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Net4Science srl, Università "Magna Græcia", Campus Salvatore Venuta, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
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27
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Bao Z, Dai X, Wang P, Tao Y, Chai D. Capsaicin induces cytotoxicity in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells through TRPV1-dependent and -independent pathways. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1379-1392. [PMID: 31095448 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1618119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An accumulating body of evidence has shown that capsaicin induces apoptosis in various tumor cells as a mechanism of its anti-tumor activity. However, the effects of capsaicin on osteosarcoma have not been studied extensively. In the current study, we explore the molecular mechanism of capsaicin-mediated tumor suppressive function in osteosarcoma. We found that capsaicin-induced apoptosis and the activation of transient receptor potential receptor vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells in vitro. Blocking TRPV1 using capsazepine attenuated the capsaicin-induced cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In addition, the results demonstrated that capsaicin induced the activation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p53 and C-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In addition, Compound C (antagonist of AMPK) attenuated the activation of p53, which appeared to be TRPV1 independent. Taken together, the present study suggests that capsaicin effectively causes cell death in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells via the activation of TRPV1-dependent (mitochondrial dysfunction, and overproduction of ROS and JNK) and TRPV1-independent (AMPK-p53) pathways. Thus, capsaicin may be a potential anti-osteosarcoma agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Bao
- a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| | - Xiusong Dai
- a Department of Orthopedics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| | - Peter Wang
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine , Bengbu Medical College , Anhui , China
| | - Yisheng Tao
- c Department of Pathology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
| | - Damin Chai
- c Department of Pathology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , China
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28
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Chen Z, Wei H, Zhao X, Xin X, Peng L, Ning Y, Wang Y, Lan Y, Zhang Q. Metformin treatment alleviates polycystic ovary syndrome by decreasing the expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 via H19/miR‐29b‐3p and AKT/mTOR/autophagy signaling pathways. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19964-19976. [PMID: 30989649 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Huafang Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Central Theater General Hospital of PLA Wuhan China
| | - Xiaoling Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Central Theater General Hospital of PLA Wuhan China
| | - Xin Xin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Ling Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yang Ning
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yapei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yanli Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
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29
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Helvaci N, Cömertpay S. In vitro evaluation of the effects of capsaicin on normal and cancerous cells of human cartilage. Turk J Biol 2018; 42:422-434. [PMID: 30930626 PMCID: PMC6438123 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1804-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma is a common form of bone cancer which effects the fibrous connective tissue around a joint. It most commonly develops in legs, arms, shoulder blades, rib cage, and pelvis. Capsaicin is an active bitter compound found in red pepper, the fruit of the species Capsicum annuum, and it has been shown to have a lethal effect on different types of cancer. However, to date, investigation of its effect on human chondrosarcoma cells has remained limited. In the study presented here, we determined IC50 values of capsaicin for chondrosarcoma and chondrocyte cells in both fetal bovine serum (FBS)-containing and FBS-deprived media, and no statistically significant difference was found between the cell types. Besides, when the cells were cultured with capsaicin at their determined IC50 value for 24 h and their caspase-3 gene expression levels were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and western blotting, it was demonstrated that the caspase-3 protein and mRNA levels were not altered in any cells upon capsaicin exposure, suggesting a caspase-independent pathway for cell death. Migration and invasion abilities of the cancerous cells, on the other hand, were observed to decrease dramatically when the cells were exposed to capsaicin (P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Helvaci
- Department of Bioengineering and Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Cömertpay
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey
- Department of Bioengineering and Sciences, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University , Kahramanmaraş , Turkey
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Wang Y, Deng X, Yu C, Zhao G, Zhou J, Zhang G, Li M, Jiang D, Quan Z, Zhang Y. Synergistic inhibitory effects of capsaicin combined with cisplatin on human osteosarcoma in culture and in xenografts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:251. [PMID: 30326933 PMCID: PMC6192127 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The combination of phytochemicals with chemotherapy drugs is an emerging new strategy for cancer therapy to increase antitumor responses. METHODS The present study investigates the effect of the combination of capsaicin (CAP) with cisplatin (DDP) and the potential underlying anticancer mechanisms in osteosarcoma (OS) cells in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Cell viability assays and isobolographic analyses demonstrated that the combination of CAP and DDP showed synergistic cytotoxic effects on OS cells. We chose relatively low concentrations of CAP (100 μM) and DDP (16.7 μM) for subsequent experiments. Generally, the combination of CAP and DDP had significant effects on apoptosis induction, cell cycle arrest and cell invasion inhibition in OS cells compared with the individual-treatment groups and the control group. Moreover, cotreatment with CAP and DDP triggered prosurvival autophagy through reactive oxygen species (ROS)/JNK and p-AKT/mTOR signaling in OS cells. The combination regimen of CAP and DDP also inhibited tumor growth in an OS xenograft model. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the combination of CAP and DDP has strong inhibitory effects on OS cells and identify CAP as a promising agent for supplementing standard chemotherapy and possible future targeted therapy in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Deng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianming Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxue Quan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, People's Republic of China.
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Lin RJ, Wu IJ, Hong JY, Liu BH, Liang RY, Yuan TM, Chuang SM. Capsaicin-induced TRIB3 upregulation promotes apoptosis in cancer cells. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4237-4248. [PMID: 30323679 PMCID: PMC6177521 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s162383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Capsaicin (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is one of the main pungent components of chili peppers and has been shown to exert various effects on numerous physiological processes. Recent studies have focused on the chemopreventive effects of capsaicin, which can combat growth in various human cancer cell systems. The tribbles-related protein 3 (TRIB3) is evolutionarily conserved from Drosophila to humans. In the latter, TRIB3 is a key determinant in numerous cellular processes, including apoptosis. Purpose The aim of this study was to examine the importance of TRIB3 in the antitumor efficacy of capsaicin in human cancer cells, and further assess potential mechanism(s) underlying the capsaicin-induced upregulation of TRIB3. Methods Human cancer cell lines were treated with capsaicin, then evaluated for levels of TRIB3 and molecules related to apoptosis or signaling pathways. The impact of TRIB3 on capsaicin-induced apoptosis was investigated using si-RNA or overexpression of TRIB3. Results It is the first time to show that TRIB3 is targeted by capsaicin to promote apoptosis. Capsaicin promotes apoptotic cell death by upregulating TRIB3 expression in cancer cells. Overexpression of TRIB3 enhances capsaicin-induced apoptosis, and TRIB3 knockdown experiments demonstrate that the effect of capsaicin in apoptotic cell death is correlated with the induction of TRIB3 in cancer cells. Finally, enhancements in gene expression and protein stability are involved in the capsaicin-induced upregulation of TRIB3. Conclusion Our results show that the capsaicin-induced upregulation of TRIB3 triggers apoptosis and thereby contributes to the suppression of cell growth in cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jaan Lin
- College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University.,Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
| | - I-Jung Wu
- College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University.,Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
| | - Jo-Yu Hong
- Bachelor Program of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources
| | - Bang-Hung Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University,
| | - Ruei-Yue Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University,
| | - Tein-Ming Yuan
- Surgery Department, Feng-Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
| | - Show-Mei Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, .,Department of Nursing, Asia University, .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan,
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32
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Xu S, Zhang L, Cheng X, Yu H, Bao J, Lu R. Capsaicin inhibits the metastasis of human papillary thyroid carcinoma BCPAP cells through the modulation of the TRPV1 channel. Food Funct 2018; 9:344-354. [PMID: 29185571 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01295k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP), a potent transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) agonist, is a major ingredient of red pepper. Recently, capsaicin has attracted increasing attention owing to its multiple biological activities. However, the anticancer effects of capsaicin against various types of cancers, especially on thyroid carcinoma, have not been completely elucidated. TRPV1, which can be activated by capsaicin, plays a key role in many biological and physiological processes. In the present study, the anticancer properties of capsaicin against papillary thyroid cancer BCPAP cells were investigated. Our results indicated that TRPV1 and TRPV6 were universally expressed in different types of thyroid cell lines. Capsaicin could inhibit multiple steps of metastasis without affecting the viability of BCPAP cells. The activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin (25-100 μM) significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of BCPAP cells as well as their adhesion. The protein levels of Snail1 and Twist1, two critical EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs), dramatically decreased in a dose-dependent manner after capsaicin treatment, accompanied by the up-regulation of downstream protein E-cadherin. Subsequently, the activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin also caused significant inhibition of the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of capsaicin on the metastasis of BCPAP cells were abrogated by the pre-treatment of a specific TRPV1 antagonist (capsazepin). Our results suggest that the activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin is associated with the metastatic inhibition of papillary thyroid cancer BCPAP cells, indicating that targeting of TRPV1 functions remains a feasible strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Abstract
Growing modernization and lifestyle changes with limited physical activity have impacted diet and health, leading to an increased cancer mortality rate worldwide. As a result, there is a greater need than before to develop safe and novel anticancer drugs. Current treatment options such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, induce unintended side effects, compromising patient's quality of life, and physical well-being. Therefore, there has been an increased global interest in the use of dietary supplements and traditional herbal medicines for treatment of cancer. Recently, nutraceuticals or "natural" substances isolated from food have attracted considerable attention in the cancer field. Emerging research suggests that nutraceuticals may indeed prevent and protect against cancer. The intent of this article is to review some of the current spice-derived nutraceuticals in the treatment of melanoma and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annapoorna Sreedhar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
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Sahin K, Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Sahin N, Erten F, Juturu V. Capsaicinoids improve consequences of physical activity. Toxicol Rep 2018; 5:598-607. [PMID: 29854630 PMCID: PMC5977905 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicinoids (CAPs) are active compounds in Capsicum fruits. CAPs have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. CAPs with regular exercise may enhance lipid metabolism. CAPs down-regulate muscle SREBP-1c, LXRs, ACLY, FAS in exercised rats.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of capsaicinoids (CAPs) on lipid metabolism, inflammation, antioxidant status and the changes in gene products involved in these metabolic functions in exercised rats. A total of 28 male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 7) (i) No exercise and no CAPs, (ii) No exercise + CAPs (iii) Regular exercise, (iv) Regular exercise + CAPs. Rats were administered as 0.2 mg capsaicinoids from 10 mg/kg BW/day Capsimax® daily for 8 weeks. A significant decrease in lactate and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increase in activities of antioxidant enzymes were observed in the combination of regular exercise and CAPs group (P < 0.0001). Regular exercise + CAPs treated rats had greater nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels in muscle than regular exercise and no exercise rats (P < 0.001). Nevertheless, regular exercise + CAPs treated had lower nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and IL-10 levels in muscle than regular exercise and control rats (P < 0.001). Muscle sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), liver X receptors (LXR), ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) levels in the regular exercise + CAPs group were lower than all groups (P < 0.05). However, muscle PPAR-γ level was higher in the regular exercise and CAPs alone than the no exercise rats. These results suggest CAPs with regular exercise may enhance lipid metabolism by regulation of gene products involved in lipid and antioxidant metabolism including SREBP-1c, PPAR-γ, and Nrf2 pathways in rats.
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Key Words
- ACLY, ATP-citrate lyase
- ACS, acetyl-CoA synthetase
- AMPK, phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase
- ARE, antioxidant response element
- CAPs, capsaicinoids
- Capsaicinoid
- Exercise
- FAS, fatty acid synthase
- GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase
- HO-1, heme-oxygenase 1
- IL-10, interleukin-10
- LXR-s, liver X receptor-s
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- Nrf2
- Nrf2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2
- PGC-la, peroxisomal proliferator activator receptor c coactivator
- PPAR-γ
- PPAR-γ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- SREBP-1c
- SREBP-1c, sterol regulatory element-binding protein1c
- TC, total serum cholesterol
- TG, triglyceride
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1
- Tfam, mitochondrial transcription factor A
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
- Corresponding author: Veterinary Faculty, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fusun Erten
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Vijaya Juturu
- Research and Development, Clinical Affairs, OmniActive Health Technologies Inc., Morristown, NJ, USA
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Cai X, Qin JJ, Hao SY, Li H, Zeng C, Sun SJ, Yu LB, Gao ZX, Xie J. Clinical characteristics associated with the intracranial dissemination of gliomas. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2018; 166:141-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Cheng HL, Hsieh MJ, Yang JS, Lin CW, Lue KH, Lu KH, Yang SF. Nobiletin inhibits human osteosarcoma cells metastasis by blocking ERK and JNK-mediated MMPs expression. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35208-23. [PMID: 27144433 PMCID: PMC5085222 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nobiletin, a polymethoxyflavone, has a few pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effects. However, its effect on human osteosarcoma progression remains uninvestigated. Therefore, we examined the effectiveness of nobiletin against cellular metastasis of human osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanisms. Nobiletin, up to 100 μM without cytotoxicity, significantly decreased motility, migration and invasion as well as enzymatic activities, protein levels and mRNA expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in U2OS and HOS cells. In addition to inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), the inhibitory effect of nobiletin on the DNA-binding activity of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and specificity protein 1 (SP-1) in U2OS and HOS cells. Co-treatment with ERK and JNK inhibitors and nobiletin further reduced U2OS cells migration and invasion. These results indicated that nobiletin inhibits human osteosarcoma U2OS and HOS cells motility, migration and invasion by down-regulating MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions via ERK and JNK pathways and through the inactivation of downstream NF-κB, CREB, and SP-1. Nobiletin has the potential to serve as an anti-metastatic agent for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lin Cheng
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Hsieh
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Sin Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Haung Lue
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Hsiu Lu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Rajagopal C, Lankadasari MB, Aranjani JM, Harikumar KB. Targeting oncogenic transcription factors by polyphenols: A novel approach for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:273-291. [PMID: 29305909 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the major causative factor of cancer and chronic inflammation is involved in all the major steps of cancer initiation, progression metastasis and drug resistance. The molecular mechanism of inflammation driven cancer is the complex interplay between oncogenic and tumor suppressive transcription factors which include FOXM1, NF-kB, STAT3, Wnt/β- Catenin, HIF-1α, NRF2, androgen and estrogen receptors. Several products derived from natural sources modulate the expression and activity of multiple transcription factors in various tumor models as evident from studies conducted in cell lines, pre-clinical models and clinical samples. Further combination of these natural products along with currently approved cancer therapies added an additional advantage and they considered as promising targets for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. In this review we discuss the application of multi-targeting natural products by analyzing the literature and future directions for their plausible applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rajagopal
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India.
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38
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Zhang D, Tang Q, Zheng G, Wang C, Zhou Y, Wu Y, Xuan J, Tian N, Wang X, Wu Y, Xu H, Zhang X. Metformin ameliorates BSCB disruption by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and MMP-9 expression but not direct TJ proteins expression regulation. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:3322-3336. [PMID: 28699677 PMCID: PMC5706495 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) disruption is a major process for the secondary injury of spinal cord injury (SCI) and is considered to be a therapeutic target for SCI. Previously, we demonstrated that metformin could improve functional recovery after SCI; however, the effect of metformin on BSCB is still unknown. In this study, we found that metformin could prevent the loss of tight junction (TJ) proteins at day 3 after SCI in vivo, but in vitro there was no significant difference of these proteins between control and metformin treatment in endothelial cells. This indicated that metformin-induced BSCB protection might not be mediated by up-regulating TJ proteins directly, but by inhibiting TJ proteins degradation. Thus, we investigated the role of metformin on MMP-9 and neutrophils infiltration. Neutrophils infiltration is the major source of the enhanced MMP-9 in SCI. Our results showed that metformin decreased MMP-9 production and blocked neutrophils infiltration at day 1 after injury, which might be related to ICAM-1 down-regulation. Also, our in vitro study showed that metformin inhibited TNF-α-induced MMP-9 up-regulation in neutrophils, which might be mediated via an AMPK-dependent pathway. Together, it illustrated that metformin prevented the breakdown of BSCB by inhibiting neutrophils infiltration and MMP-9 production, but not by up-regulating TJ proteins expression. Our study may help to better understand the working mechanism of metformin on SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qian Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenggui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yifei Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaosen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Naifeng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.,Chinese Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Society, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Li WD, Li NP, Song DD, Rong JJ, Qian AM, Li XQ. Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1262-1268. [PMID: 28339020 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of metformin on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) migration and to explore the possible mechanisms. EPCs were treated with metformin, and the migration of EPCs was evaluated by wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays. We also examined the expression levels of of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EPCs with or without metformin treatment via RT-PCR and western blot analysis, and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EPCs under different conditions was examined by zymography. Moreover, we also assessed the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway to explore the possible mechanisms. Metformin treatment significantly downregulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression, and subsequently decreased the migration of EPCs. Increased levels of phosphorylated (p)-AMPK and LC3II expression, as well as decreased levels of p-mTOR and p62 contributed to this phenomenon. The AMPK inhibitor compound C reversed the effect exerted by metformin. In conclusion, our results showed that metformin inhibited the migration of EPCs by decreasing MMP-2 and MMP-9. The AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway was demonstrated to be involved in the regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Dong Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Neng-Ping Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Song
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jie Rong
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Min Qian
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
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40
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Aukkanimart R, Boonmars T, Sriraj P, Sripan P, Songsri J, Ratanasuwan P, Laummaunwai P, Boueroy P, Khueangchaingkhwang S, Pumhirunroj B, Artchayasawat A, Boonjaraspinyo S, Wu Z, Hahnvajanawong C, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Wongkham S. In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibitory Effects of α-Mangostin on Cholangiocarcinoma Cells and Allografts. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:707-713. [PMID: 28441703 PMCID: PMC5464488 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.3.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the anti-cholangiocarcinoma effect of α-mangostin from Garcinia mangostana pericarp extract (GM) in a human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell line and a hamster CCA allograft model. In vitro, human CCA cells were treated with GM at various concentrations and for different time periods; then cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis were evaluated using flow cytometry, and metastatic potential with wound healing assays. In vivo, hamster allografts were treated with GM, gemcitabine (positive control) and a placebo (negative control) for 1 month; tumor weight and volume were then determined. Histopathological features and immunostaining (CK19 and PCNA) characteristics were examined by microscopy. The present study found that α-mangostin could: inhibit CCA cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway; induce G1 cell-cycle arrest; and inhibit metastasis. Moreover, α-mangostin could inhibit CCA growth, i.e. reduce tumor mass (weight and size) and alter CCA pathology, as evidenced by reduced positive staining for CK19 and PCNA. The present study thus suggested that α-mangostin is a promising anti-CCA compound whose ready availability in tropical countries might indicate use for prevention and treatment of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchadawan Aukkanimart
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Sakonnakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thidarut Boonmars
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pranee Sriraj
- Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Sakonnakhon Campus, Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Panupan Sripan
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Songsri
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Panaratana Ratanasuwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Porntip Laummaunwai
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Parichart Boueroy
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sukhonthip Khueangchaingkhwang
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Benjamabhorn Pumhirunroj
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Atchara Artchayasawat
- Neglected, Zoonosis and Vector-Borne Disease Group, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sirintip Boonjaraspinyo
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Zhiliang Wu
- Department of Parasitology Graduate School of Medicine Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Liver Fluke and Cholangiocarcinoma Research Center, Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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An updated review on molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of capsaicin. Food Sci Biotechnol 2017; 26:1-13. [PMID: 30263503 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quest for developing anticancer principles from natural sources has a long historical track record and remarkable success stories. The pungent principle of hot chili pepper, capsaicin, has been a subject of research for anticancer drug discovery for more than three decades. However, the majority of research has revealed that capsaicin interferes with various hallmarks of cancer, such as increased cell proliferation, evasion from apoptosis, inflammation, tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, and tumor immune escape. Moreover, the compound has been reported to inhibit carcinogen activation and chemically induced experimental tumor growth. Capsaicin has also been reported to inhibit the activation of various kinases and transcription that are involved in tumor promotion and progression. The compound activated mitochondria-dependent and death receptor-mediated tumor cell apoptosis. Considering the growing interest in capsaicin, this review provides an update on the molecular targets of capsaicin in modulating oncogenic signaling.
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TRPV1 activation counters diet-induced obesity through sirtuin-1 activation and PRDM-16 deacetylation in brown adipose tissue. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:739-749. [PMID: 28104916 PMCID: PMC5413365 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objective An imbalance between energy intake and expenditure leads to obesity. Increasing metabolism and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) can help in overcoming obesity. Here, we investigated the effect of activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 (TRPV1) in the upregulation of thermogenic proteins in BAT to counter diet-induced obesity. Subjects/Methods We investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of capsaicin (TRPV1 agonist) on the expression of metabolically important thermogenic proteins in BAT of wild type and TRPV1−/− mice that received either a normal chow or high fat (± capsaicin; TRPV1 activator) diet by immunoblotting. We measured the metabolic activity, respiratory quotient and BAT lipolysis. Results CAP antagonized high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity without decreasing energy intake in mice. HFD suppressed TRPV1 expression and activity in BAT and CAP countered this effect. HFD feeding caused glucose intolerance, hypercholesterolemia and decreased the plasma concentration of glucagon like peptide-1 and CAP countered these effects. HFD suppressed the expression of metabolically important thermogenic genes, ucp-1, bmp8b, sirtuin 1, pgc-1α and prdm-16 in BAT and CAP prevented this effect. CAP increased the phosphorylation of sirtuin 1 and induced an interaction between PPARγ with PRDM-16. Further, CAP treatment, in vitro, decreased the acetylation of PRDM-16, which was antagonized by inhibition of TRPV1 by capsazepine, chelation of intracellular Ca2+ by cell permeable BAPTA-AM or the inhibition of SIRT-1 by EX 527. Further, CAP supplementation, post HFD, promoted weight loss and enhanced the respiratory exchange ratio. CAP did not have any effect in TRPV1−/− mice. Conclusions Our data show that activation of TRPV1 in BAT enhances the expression of SIRT-1, which facilitates the deacetylation and interaction of PPARγ and PRDM-16. These data suggest that TRPV1 activation is a novel strategy to counter diet-induced obesity by enhancing metabolism and energy expenditure.
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Design, synthesis, and evaluation of asymmetric EF24 analogues as potential anti-cancer agents for lung cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:1321-1331. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Pak JH, Shin J, Song IS, Shim S, Jang SW. Clonorchis sinensis excretory–secretory products regulate migration and invasion in cholangiocarcinoma cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2/nuclear factor-κB-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Int J Parasitol 2017; 47:51-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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PROX1 promotes human glioblastoma cell proliferation and invasion via activation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:963-968. [PMID: 28035380 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospero homeobox protein 1 (PROX1) is highly expressed in high-grade malignant astrocytic gliomas. However, the role of PROX1 in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains unclear. The present study overexpressed PROX1 in human GBM cell lines and examined its effects on cell growth, tumorigenesis, and invasiveness. In addition, the involvement of the nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB) signaling pathway in the action of PROX1 was examined. It was identified that overexpression of PROX1 significantly increased the proliferation and colony formation of glioblastoma cells, compared with empty vector‑transfected controls. Furthermore, ectopic expression of PROX1 promoted the growth of GBM xenograft tumors. Western blot analysis revealed that PROX1 overexpression induced nuclear accumulation of NF‑κB p65 and upregulated the expression levels of the NF‑κB responsive genes cyclin D1 and matrix metallopeptidase 9. An NF‑κB reporter assay demonstrated that PROX1‑overexpressing glioblastoma cells had significantly greater NF‑κB‑dependent reporter activities compared with empty vector‑transfected controls. Transfection of a dominant inhibitor of κBα mutant into PROX1‑overexpressing cells significantly impaired their proliferation and invasion capacities, which was accompanied by reduced levels of nuclear NF‑κB p65. Collectively, these data indicated that PROX1 serves an oncogenic role in GBM and promotes cell proliferation and invasiveness potentially via activation of the NF‑κB signaling pathway. Therefore, PROX1 may represent a potential target for the treatment of GBM.
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Activation of AMPKα mediates additive effects of solamargine and metformin on suppressing MUC1 expression in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36721. [PMID: 27830724 PMCID: PMC5103223 DOI: 10.1038/srep36721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The mucin 1 (MUC1) oncoprotein is highly expressed in human prostate cancers with aggressive features. However, the role for MUC1 in occurrence and progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remained elusive. In this study, we showed that solamargine, a major steroidal alkaloid glycoside, inhibited the growth of CRPC cells, which was enhanced in the presence of metformin. Furthermore, we found that solamargine increased phosphorylation of AMPKα, whereas reducing the protein expression and promoter activity of MUC1. A greater effect was observed in the presence of metformin. In addition, solamargine reduced NF-κB subunit p65 protein expression. Exogenously expressed p65 resisted solamargine-reduced MUC1 protein and promoter activity. Interestingly, exogenously expressed MUC1 attenuated solamargine-stimulated phosphorylation of AMPKα and, more importantly reversed solamargine-inhibited cell growth. Finally, solamargine increased phosphorylation of AMPKα, while inhibiting MUC1, p65 and tumor growth were observed in vivo. Overall, our results show that solamargine inhibits the growth of CRPC cells through AMPKα-mediated inhibition of p65, followed by reduction of MUC1 expression in vitro and in vivo. More importantly, metformin facilitates the antitumor effect of solamargine on CRPC cells.
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Sleeman JP. Introduction of revised "Aims and Scope" for Clinical & Experimental Metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2016; 33:741-742. [PMID: 27678280 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-016-9823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P Sleeman
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, TRIDOMUS-Gebäude Haus C, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 13 - 17, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. .,Institut für Toxikologie und Genetik, Campus Nord, Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Postfach 3640, 76021, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Zheng J, Zhou Y, Li Y, Xu DP, Li S, Li HB. Spices for Prevention and Treatment of Cancers. Nutrients 2016; 8:E495. [PMID: 27529277 PMCID: PMC4997408 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spices have been widely used as food flavorings and folk medicines for thousands of years. Numerous studies have documented the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of spices, which might be related to prevention and treatment of several cancers, including lung, liver, breast, stomach, colorectum, cervix, and prostate cancers. Several spices are potential sources for prevention and treatment of cancers, such as Curcuma longa (tumeric), Nigella sativa (black cumin), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Allium sativum (garlic), Crocus sativus (saffron), Piper nigrum (black pepper) and Capsicum annum (chili pepper), which contained several important bioactive compounds, such as curcumin, thymoquinone, piperine and capsaicin. The main mechanisms of action include inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion of tumors, and sensitizing tumors to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review summarized recent studies on some spices for prevention and treatment of cancers, and special attention was paid to bioactive components and mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
- South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Abstract
Activation of the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated kinase (AMPK) contributes to beneficial effects such as improvement of the hyperglycemic state in diabetes as well as reduction of obesity and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, stimulation of AMPK activity has been associated with increased exercise capacity. A study published in 2008, directly before the Olympic Games in Beijing, showed that the AMPK activator AICAR (5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide) increased the running capacity of mice without any training and thus, prompted the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) to include certain AMPK activators in the list of forbidden drugs. This raises the question as to whether all AMPK activators should be considered for registration or whether the increase in exercise performance is only associated with specific AMPK-activating substances. In this review, we intend to shed light on currently published AMPK-activating drugs, their working mechanisms, and their impact on body fitness.
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Hurley JD, Akers AT, Friedman JR, Nolan NA, Brown KC, Dasgupta P. Non-pungent long chain capsaicin-analogs arvanil and olvanil display better anti-invasive activity than capsaicin in human small cell lung cancers. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 11:80-97. [PMID: 27196129 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2016.1187368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutritional compound capsaicin inhibits the invasion of many types of human cancers. The clinical development of capsaicin as an anti-cancer drug is limited due to its unfavorable side effects like burning sensation, stomach cramps, gut pain and nausea. This study compared the anti-invasive activity of capsaicin to non-pungent long chain capsaicin analogs, namely arvanil and olvanil, in human small cell lung cancer cells. Boyden chamber invasion assays revealed that arvanil and olvanil displayed improved anti-invasive activity relative to capsaicin in human SCLC cells. The results of the Boyden chamber assay were confirmed by the spherical invasion assay, and similar results were obtained. The anti-invasive activity of arvanil, olvanil and capsaicin were independent of TRPV and CB1 receptors. Furthermore, the anti-invasive activity of arvanil, olvanil and capsaicin was mediated by the AMPK pathway. Depletion of AMPK levels by siRNA methodology abrogated the anti-invasive activity of arvanil, olvanil and capsaicin. The non-pungent capsaicin analogs arvanil and olvanil display improved anti-invasive activity relative to capsaicin in human SCLC cells. These agents may represent the second generation of capsaicin-like compounds which are more potent than the parent molecule and have a better side effect profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Hurley
- a Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology , Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
| | - Austin T Akers
- a Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology , Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
| | - Jamie R Friedman
- a Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology , Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
| | - Nicholas A Nolan
- a Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology , Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- a Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology , Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- a Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Toxicology , Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University , Huntington , WV , USA
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