1
|
Zheng Y, Wang Y, Xiong X, Zhang L, Zhu J, Huang B, Liu X, Liu J, Zhu Z, Yang G, Qu H, Zheng H. CD9 Counteracts Liver Steatosis and Mediates GCGR Agonist Hepatic Effects. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400819. [PMID: 38837628 PMCID: PMC11304330 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Glucagon receptor (GCGR) agonism offers potentially greater effects on the mitigation of hepatic steatosis. However, its underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Here, it screened tetraspanin CD9 might medicate hepatic effects of GCGR agonist. CD9 is decreased in the fatty livers of patients and upregulated upon GCGR activation. Deficiency of CD9 in the liver exacerbated diet-induced hepatic steatosis via complement factor D (CFD) regulated fatty acid metabolism. Specifically, CD9 modulated hepatic fatty acid synthesis and oxidation genes through regulating CFD expression via the ubiquitination-proteasomal degradation of FLI1. In addition, CD9 influenced body weight by modulating lipogenesis and thermogenesis of adipose tissue through CFD. Moreover, CD9 reinforcement in the liver alleviated hepatic steatosis, and blockage of CD9 abolished the remission of hepatic steatosis induced by cotadutide treatment. Thus, CD9 medicates the hepatic beneficial effects of GCGR signaling, and may server as a promising therapeutic target for hepatic steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Yuren Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Jiaran Zhu
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Bangliang Huang
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Xiufei Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan250012China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Hypertension and Endocrinologythe Third Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400042China
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinologythe Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400010China
| | - Hua Qu
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| | - Hongting Zheng
- Department of EndocrinologyTranslational Research of Diabetes Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of Chinathe Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical UniversityChongqing400037China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Habib SS, Al-khlaiwi T, Al-khliwi H, Habib SM, Habib SA, Habib SH, Khan A. Adiponectin and TNFα in relation to glucometabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:2741-2745. [PMID: 39070992 PMCID: PMC11272019 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1896_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The correlation of adiponectin and serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) with glucometabolic parameters in diabetes mellitus (DM) needs further studies. We aimed in this study to evaluate the relationship between adiponectin and TNFα with glucometabolic parameters in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. The sample size was 117 from the diabetes clinic of King Abdul-Aziz University hospital through the convenience sampling technique. Subjects were grouped into control (healthy) subjects (53) with no chronic diseases and the diabetic group (64) with confirmed T2DM. Socio-demographic data were collected along with the serum blood sample to analyze the variables. Results Adiponectin was significantly high in healthy subjects compared to the diabetic group (control: 14.4 ± 4.3, T2DM: 11.0 ± 4.1, P = 0.000), while TNFα was higher in the T2DM group (7.8 ± 2.7) than in the control group (6.6 ± 2.9, P = 0.024). TNFα was negatively correlated with adiponectin in the control group (-0.279) and in diabetic subjects (-0.311) and positively correlated with HbA1c in the diabetic group (0.319) and triglycerides (0.252). Adiponectin was positively correlated with HDL in the control group (0.252) and in diabetic subjects (0.326). There was an inverse correlation between TNFα and adiponectin. Conclusion Adiponectin is higher in healthy subjects than in diabetic patients, while TNFα is higher in diabetic patients. In addition, adiponectin is positively correlated with HDL in healthy as well as diabetic patients. TNFα is positively correlated with HbA1c and triglycerides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shahid Habib
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir Al-khlaiwi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huthayfah Al-khliwi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Mohammad Habib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi University, Al Bukayriah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Abubakar Habib
- College of Medicine, Sulaiman Al Rajhi University, Al Bukayriah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Hamid Habib
- Department of Basic Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Adeena Khan
- Department of Radiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin CN, Liang YL, Tsai HF, Wu PY, Huang LY, Lin YH, Kang CY, Yao CL, Shen MR, Hsu KF. Adipocyte pyroptosis occurs in omental tumor microenvironment and is associated with chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:62. [PMID: 38862973 PMCID: PMC11167873 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a fatal malignancy, with most patients experiencing recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. In contrast to hematogenous metastasizing tumors, ovarian cancer cells disseminate within the peritoneal cavity, especially the omentum. Previously, we reported omental crown-like structure (CLS) number is associated with poor prognosis of advanced-stage OC. CLS that have pathologic features of a dead or dying adipocyte was surrounded by several macrophages is well known a histologic hallmark for inflammatory adipose tissue. In this study, we attempted to clarify the interaction between metastatic ovarian cancer cells and omental CLS, and to formulate a therapeutic strategy for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. METHODS A three-cell (including OC cells, adipocytes and macrophages) coculture model was established to mimic the omental tumor microenvironment (TME) of ovarian cancer. Caspase-1 activity, ATP and free fatty acids (FFA) levels were detected by commercial kits. An adipocyte organoid model was established to assess macrophages migration and infiltration. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed for functional assays and therapeutic effect evaluations. Clinical OC tissue samples were collected for immunochemistry stain and statistics analysis. RESULTS In three-cell coculture model, OC cells-derived IL-6 and IL-8 could induce the occurrence of pyroptosis in omental adipocytes. The pyroptotic adipocytes release ATP to increase macrophage infiltration, release FFA into TME, uptake by OC cells to increase chemoresistance. From OC tumor samples study, we demonstrated patients with high gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression in omental adipocytes is highly correlated with chemoresistance and poor outcome in advanced-stage OC. In animal model, by pyroptosis inhibitor, DSF, effectively retarded tumor growth and prolonged mice survival. CONCLUSIONS Omental adipocyte pyroptosis may contribute the chemoresistance in advanced stage OC. Omental adipocytes could release FFA and ATP through the GSDMD-mediate pyroptosis to induce chemoresistance and macrophages infiltration resulting the poor prognosis in advanced-stage OC. Inhibition of adipocyte pyroptosis may be a potential therapeutic modality in advanced-stage OC with omentum metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ni Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fen Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Yin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yi Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Fu Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kruglikov IL, Scherer PE. Is the endotoxin-complement cascade the major driver in lipedema? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00087-0. [PMID: 38688780 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Lipedema is a poorly understood disorder of adipose tissue characterized by abnormal but symmetrical deposition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) in proximal extremities. Here, we propose that the underlying cause for lipedema could be triggered by a selective accumulation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS; also known as endotoxin) in gluteofemoral WAT. Together with a malfunctioning complement system, this induces low-grade inflammation in the depot and raises its uncontrollable expansion. Correspondingly, more attention should be paid in future research to the endotoxemia prevalent in patients with lipedema. We would like to propose that proper management of endotoxemia can reduce the progression and even improve the state of disease in patients with lipedema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Listyoko AS, Okazaki R, Harada T, Inui G, Yamasaki A. Impact of obesity on airway remodeling in asthma: pathophysiological insights and clinical implications. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1365801. [PMID: 38562155 PMCID: PMC10982419 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1365801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity among asthma patients has surged in recent years, posing a significant risk factor for uncontrolled asthma. Beyond its impact on asthma severity and patients' quality of life, obesity is associated with reduced lung function, increased asthma exacerbations, hospitalizations, heightened airway hyperresponsiveness, and elevated asthma-related mortality. Obesity may lead to metabolic dysfunction and immune dysregulation, fostering chronic inflammation characterized by increased pro-inflammatory mediators and adipocytokines, elevated reactive oxygen species, and reduced antioxidant activity. This chronic inflammation holds the potential to induce airway remodeling in individuals with asthma and obesity. Airway remodeling encompasses structural and pathological changes, involving alterations in the airway's epithelial and subepithelial layers, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle, and changes in airway vascularity. In individuals with asthma and obesity, airway remodeling may underlie heightened airway hyperresponsiveness and increased asthma severity, ultimately contributing to the development of persistent airflow limitation, declining lung function, and a potential increase in asthma-related mortality. Despite efforts to address the impact of obesity on asthma outcomes, the intricate mechanisms linking obesity to asthma pathophysiology, particularly concerning airway remodeling, remain incompletely understood. This comprehensive review discusses current research investigating the influence of obesity on airway remodeling, to enhance our understanding of obesity's role in the context of asthma airway remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Sri Listyoko
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
- Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University-Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Ryota Okazaki
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Tomoya Harada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Genki Inui
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Akira Yamasaki
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moreira LR, Silva AC, da Costa-Oliveira CN, da Silva-Júnior CD, Oliveira KKDS, Torres DJL, Barros MD, Rabello MCDS, de Lorena VMB. Interaction between peripheral blood mononuclear cells and Trypanosoma cruzi-infected adipocytes: implications for treatment failure and induction of immunomodulatory mechanisms in adipose tissue. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1280877. [PMID: 38533504 PMCID: PMC10963431 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1280877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Introduction Adipose tissue (AT) has been highlighted as a promising reservoir of infection for viruses, bacteria and parasites. Among them is Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease. The recommended treatment for the disease in Brazil is Benznidazole (BZ). However, its efficacy may vary according to the stage of the disease, geographical origin, age, immune background of the host and sensitivity of the strains to the drug. In this context, AT may act as an ally for the parasite survival and persistence in the host and a barrier for BZ action. Therefore, we investigated the immunomodulation of T. cruzi-infected human AT in the presence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) where BZ treatment was added. Methods We performed indirect cultivation between T. cruzi-infected adipocytes, PBMC and the addition of BZ. After 72h of treatment, the supernatant was collected for cytokine, chemokine and adipokine assay. Infected adipocytes were removed to quantify T. cruzi DNA, and PBMC were removed for immunophenotyping. Results Our findings showed elevated secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) in the AT+PBMC condition compared to the other controls. In contrast, there was a decrease in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-8/CXCL-8 in the groups with AT. We also found high adipsin secretion in PBMC+AT+T compared to the treated condition (PBMC+AT+T+BZ). Likewise, the expression of CD80+ and HLA-DR+ in CD14+ cells decreased in the presence of T. cruzi. Discussion Thus, our findings indicate that AT promotes up-regulation of inflammatory products such as IL-6, IL-2, and MCP-1/CCL2. However, adipogenic inducers may have triggered the downregulation of TNF and IL-8/CXCL8 through the peroxisome proliferator agonist gamma (PPAR-g) or receptor expression. On the other hand, the administration of BZ only managed to reduce inflammation in the microenvironment by decreasing adipsin in the infected culture conditions. Therefore, given the findings, we can see that AT is an ally of the parasite in evading the host's immune response and the pharmacological action of BZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leyllane Rafael Moreira
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Silva
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Claudeir Dias da Silva-Júnior
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Diego José Lira Torres
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Król-Kulikowska M, Urbanowicz I, Kepinska M. The Concentrations of Interleukin-6, Insulin, and Glucagon in the Context of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in IL6 and INS Genes. J Obes 2024; 2024:7529779. [PMID: 38250713 PMCID: PMC10798838 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7529779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are a problem of modern medicine. Although the environmental factors contributing to the development of these diseases are widely known, research into genetic factors is still ongoing. At the same time, the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes is increasingly emphasized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of two selected polymorphisms (rs1800795 and rs3842729) on the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In this study, 118 participants were examined, including a control group (nonobese and nondiabetic group), an obese group, and a diabetic group. Genotype analysis was performed using the PCR-RFLP method. It has been shown that in patients with the G/G genotype within the rs1800795 polymorphism (IL6), the chance of developing type 2 diabetes is several times lower compared to patients with the G/C and C/C genotypes. However, the rs3842729 polymorphism (INS) does not directly affect the risk of obesity or type 2 diabetes (T2D), although elevated insulin concentrations have been observed in obese and diabetic patients. These results confirm the impact of the rs1800795 polymorphism on the development of diabetes; however, this relationship is more complex and requires further research on other factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Król-Kulikowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Iwona Urbanowicz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw 50-556, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Goff LM, Davies K, Zelek WM, Kodosaki E, Hakim O, Lockhart S, O’Rahilly S, Morgan BP. Ethnic differences in complement system biomarkers and their association with metabolic health in men of Black African and White European ethnicity. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 212:52-60. [PMID: 36722378 PMCID: PMC10081104 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a fundamental role in the development of several metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D); the complement system has been implicated in their development. People of Black African (BA) ethnicity are disproportionately affected by T2D and other metabolic diseases but the impact of ethnicity on the complement system has not been explored. We investigated ethnic differences in complement biomarkers and activation status between men of BA and White European (WE) ethnicity and explored their association with parameters of metabolic health. We measured a panel of 15 complement components, regulators, and activation products in fasting plasma from 89 BA and 96 WE men. Ethnic differences were statistically validated. Association of complement biomarkers with metabolic health indices (BMI, waist circumference, insulin resistance, and HbA1c) were assessed in the groups. Plasma levels of the key complement components C3 and C4, the regulators clusterin and properdin and the activation marker iC3b were significantly higher in BA compared to WE men after age adjustment, while FD levels were significantly lower. C3 and C4 levels positively correlated with some or all markers of metabolic dysfunction in both ethnic groups while FD was inversely associated with HbA1c in both groups, and clusterin and properdin were inversely associated with some markers of metabolic dysfunction only in the WE group. Our findings of increased levels of complement components and activation products in BA compared to WE men suggest differences in complement regulation that may impact susceptibility to poor metabolic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L M Goff
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Population & Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - K Davies
- Dementia Research Institute Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - W M Zelek
- Dementia Research Institute Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - E Kodosaki
- Dementia Research Institute Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - O Hakim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Population & Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- School of Life & Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, UK
| | - S Lockhart
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit & Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S O’Rahilly
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit & Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B P Morgan
- Dementia Research Institute Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pan J, Ding Y, Sun Y, Li Q, Wei T, Gu Y, Zhou Y, Pang N, Pei L, Ma S, Gao M, Xiao Y, Hu D, Wu F, Yang L. Associations between Adipokines and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Using Three Different Diagnostic Criteria. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062126. [PMID: 36983127 PMCID: PMC10051925 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A panel of experts proposed a new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) in 2020. To date, the associations between adipokines, such as adiponectin, adipsin, and visfatin and MAFLD remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the associations between each of these three adipokines and MAFLD using different diagnostic criteria. Methods: In total, 221 participants were included in our study based on medical examination. Detailed questionnaire information, physical examination, abdominal ultrasound, and blood-biochemical-test indexes were collected. The levels of adipokines were tested by using an enzyme immunoassay. Logistic regression models were used to assess the associations of the adipokines with MAFLD. Results: In total, 122 of the participants were diagnosed with MAFLD. Higher levels of adipsin and lower levels of adiponectin were found in the MAFLD group than in the non-MAFLD group (all p < 0.05). According to the logistic regression analysis, the ORs were 0.11 (95% CI: 0.05–0.23) for adiponectin, 4.46 (95% CI: 2.19–9.12) for adipsin, and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.27–0.99) for visfatin when comparing the highest tertile with the lowest tertile (all p-trend < 0.05). The inverse association between adiponectin and MAFLD was strongest when T2DM was used as the diagnostic criterion alone, and the positive association between adipsin and MAFLD was strongest when BMI was used as the diagnostic criterion alone. There was no significant association between visfatin and MAFLD, regardless of whether each of BMI, T2DM, or metabolic dysregulation (MD) was used as the diagnostic criterion for MAFLD alone. Conclusion: Adipsin levels were positively associated with MAFLD and adiponectin levels were inversely associated with MAFLD. The strength of these associations varied according to the different diagnostic criteria for MAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yijie Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Tianyi Wei
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Women and Children’s Hospital of Huizhou, Huizhou 516000, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yujia Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Nengzhi Pang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lei Pei
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Sixi Ma
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - De Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Feilong Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-87330625
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
An Increase in Plasma Adipsin Levels Is Associated With Higher Cumulative Dust Exposure and Airway Obstruction in Foundry Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:203-209. [PMID: 36730948 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess whether plasma adipokine levels (adipsin, adiponectin, leptin, and resistin) are associated with pulmonary function in foundry workers. METHODS We examined 65 dust-exposed foundry workers and 40 nonexposed controls and analyzed their lung function and plasma adipokine levels at baseline and after approximately 7 years of follow-up. RESULTS A higher increase in plasma adipsin was associated with the development of airway obstruction in exposed subjects during follow-up after adjusting for body mass index changes during the follow-up period. Furthermore, the increase in adipsin levels was positively associated with cumulative dust exposure even after adjusting for smoking and body mass index changes during follow-up ( P = 0.015). CONCLUSION The results suggest that plasma adipsin is involved in the pathogenesis of subclinical airway inflammation and the development of chronic obstruction and is induced by occupational dust exposure.
Collapse
|
11
|
Association of Serum Omentin-1 Concentration with the Content of Adipose Tissue and Glucose Tolerance in Subjects with Central Obesity. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020331. [PMID: 36830868 PMCID: PMC9953609 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Omentin is one of the few adipokines with potentially beneficial metabolic effects. The main aim of this study was to determine the association between serum omentin-1 levels and the occurrence of central obesity and abnormal glucose tolerance, taking into account gender. The study involved 88 participants aged 30-60, including 47 women and 41 men. Two subgroups among the obese subjects were distinguished-those with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance. Anthropometric and biochemical examinations and blood pressure measurements were performed. Omentin-1 concentrations were significantly lower among patients with obesity compared to those without obesity (p = 0.027) and, similarly, comparing men with abnormal glucose tolerance with men with normal glucose tolerance (p = 0.035). In contrast, no such pattern was observed in women. The multivariable regression model showed a significant effect of gender status and important factors of tissue insulin sensitivity, such as OGGT results, WHR and amount of body fat, on the variability of serum omentin-1 concentration in the entire study population (R2adj. = 13.7%; p = 0.003). High omentin-1 levels found in men with obesity and normal glucose tolerance suggest that omentin-1 protects against metabolic disorders associated with obesity in the male population.
Collapse
|
12
|
Pan J, Li Q, Sun Y, Gu Y, Ding Y, Pang N, Zhou Y, Pei L, Gao M, Ma S, Xiao Y, Wu F, Hu D, Chen YM, Yang L. Increased Serum Adipsin Correlates with MAFLD and Metabolic Risk Abnormalities. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:187-200. [PMID: 36760590 PMCID: PMC9882414 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s396335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A panel of international experts proposed a new definition of fatty liver in 2020, namely metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). As an adipokine, adipsin is closely related to metabolic-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship among MAFLD, serum adipsin, and metabolic risk abnormalities. METHODS Our study was a cross-sectional study based on the first follow-up of the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS). A total of 908 patients with hepatic steatosis were involved in our study. Detailed data of patients were collected based upon questionnaire information, physical examination, and blood biochemical test. RESULTS Among the 908 patients, 789 patients were diagnosed with MAFLD. The levels of serum adipsin in the MAFLD group and non-MAFLD group were (3543.00 (3187.94-3972.50) ng/mL) and (3095.33 (2778.71-3354.77) ng/mL) (P < 0.001), respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders, adipsin levels were found to be associated with MAFLD. The OR was 3.46 (95% CI: 1.57-7.64) for adipsin when comparing subjects in the highest tertile with those in the lowest tertile. With the increase in the number of metabolic risk abnormalities, both the levels of serum adipsin and the proportion of moderate to severe fatty liver increased (all p-trend < 0.001). CONCLUSION Increased serum adipsin correlates with MAFLD. Both adipsin levels as well as fatty liver severity increase with higher numbers of metabolic risk abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Pan
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuyan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijie Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nengzhi Pang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yujia Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Pei
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengqi Gao
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sixi Ma
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feilong Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - De Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ming Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lili Yang, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 74, Zhongshan Road 2, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-20-87330625, Email
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Benbaibeche H, Hichami A, Oudjit B, Haffaf EM, Kacimi G, Koceïr EA, Khan NA. Circulating mir-21 and mir-146a are associated with increased cytokines and CD36 in Algerian obese male participants. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1461-1466. [PMID: 32536220 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1775655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microRNAs have come up as crucial mediators of energy balance and metabolic control. CD36 is potential biomarker of obesity and metabolic syndrome. This study investigates the concentration of miR-146a and miR-21 and CD 36 in blood samples of obese and healthy young participants. We assessed the association of mir-146a and mir-21 with inflammatory states in Algerian young participants. METHODS Our study included male obese, without co-morbidities (n = 29), and healthy participants (n = 13). miRNA and CD36 expression was measured by real-time RT-PCR, respectively, in serum and blood. RESULTS miR-146a and miR-21 concentrations were significantly decreased; however, CD36 expression was increased in obese subjects. Interestingly, miR-146a and miR-21 concentrations were negatively correlated to IL-6, TNF-α, and CD36 in obese participants. CONCLUSION We demonstrate that the downregulation of miR-146a and miR-21 was associated with upregulation of inflammatory state and increased CD36 expression in obese participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassiba Benbaibeche
- Département des Sciences de la Nature Et de la Vie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Alger, Algérie
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Biologic Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aziz Hichami
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR 1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | - Elhadj Ahmed Koceïr
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Physiology, Faculty of Biologic Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, UMR 1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne/Agro-Sup, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Diabetes and Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Interplay between Lipid and Glucose Metabolism. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071503. [PMID: 35406116 PMCID: PMC9002616 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disease characterized by high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (LDL-c) concentrations that increase cardiovascular risk and cause premature death. The most frequent cause of the disease is a mutation in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene. Diabetes is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. People with FH seem to be protected from developing diabetes, whereas cholesterol-lowering treatments such as statins are associated with an increased risk of the disease. One of the hypotheses to explain this is based on the toxicity of LDL particles on insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells, and their uptake by the latter, mediated by the LDLR. A healthy lifestyle and a relatively low body mass index in people with FH have also been proposed as explanations. Its association with superimposed diabetes modifies the phenotype of FH, both regarding the lipid profile and cardiovascular risk. However, findings regarding the association and interplay between these two diseases are conflicting. The present review summarizes the existing evidence and discusses knowledge gaps on the matter.
Collapse
|
15
|
Agbaedeng TA, Zacharia AL, Iroga PE, Rathnasekara VM, Munawar DA, Bursill C, Noubiap JJ. Associations between adipokines and atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:853-862. [PMID: 35227548 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), the underlying mechanisms are not well characterised. Recent data suggest that this link may be partly due to abnormal adipose tissue-derived cytokines or adipokines. However, this relationship is not well clarified. To evaluate the association between adipokines and AF in a systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched from inception through 1st March 2021. Studies were included if they reported any adipokine and AF, with their quality assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Data were independently abstracted, with unadjusted and multivariable adjusted estimates pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Data are presented for overall prevalent or incident AF and AF subtypes (paroxysmal, persistent, or non-paroxysmal AF). A total of 34 studies, with 31,479 patients, were included. The following adipokines were significantly associated with AF in the pooled univariate data - apelin (risk ratio for prevalent AF: 0.05 [0.00-0.50], p = 0.01; recurrent AF: 0.21 [0.11-0.42], p < 0.01) and resistin (incident AF: 2.05 [1.02-4.1], p = 0.04; prevalent AF: 2.62 [1.78-3.85], p < 0.01). Pooled analysis of multivariable adjusted effect size estimates showed adiponectin as the sole independent predictor of AF incidence (1.14 [1.02-1.27], p = 0.02). Moreover, adiponectin was associated with non-paroxysmal AF (persistent AF: 1.45 [1.08-1.94, p = 0.01; non-paroxysmal versus paroxysmal AF: 3.14 [1.87-5.27, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Adipokines, principally adiponectin, apelin, and resistin, are associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation. However, the association is not seen after multivariate adjustment, likely reflecting the lack of statistical power. Future research should investigate these relationships in larger prospective cohorts and how they can refine AF monitoring strategies. PROSPERO ID CRD42020208879.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Agbaedeng
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | - Peter E Iroga
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Dian A Munawar
- Lyell McEwin Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Christina Bursill
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, SAHMRI, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jean Jacques Noubiap
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Milek M, Moulla Y, Kern M, Stroh C, Dietrich A, Schön MR, Gärtner D, Lohmann T, Dressler M, Kovacs P, Stumvoll M, Blüher M, Guiu-Jurado E. Adipsin Serum Concentrations and Adipose Tissue Expression in People with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042222. [PMID: 35216336 PMCID: PMC8878597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Adipsin is an adipokine that may link increased fat mass and adipose tissue dysfunction to obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases. Here, we investigated whether adipsin serum concentrations and adipose tissue (AT) adipsin mRNA expression are related to parameters of AT function, obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). (2) Methods: A cohort of 637 individuals with a wide range of age and body weight (Age: 18–85 years; BMI: 19–70 kg/m2) with (n = 237) or without (n = 400) T2D was analyzed for serum adipsin concentrations by ELISA and visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipsin mRNA expression by RT-PCR. (3) Results: Adipsin serum concentrations were significantly higher in patients with T2D compared to normoglycemic individuals. We found significant positive univariate relationships of adipsin serum concentrations with age (r = 0.282, p < 0.001), body weight (r = 0.264, p < 0.001), fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.136, p = 0.006) and leptin serum concentrations (r = 0.362, p < 0.001). Neither VAT nor SAT adipsin mRNA expression correlated with adipsin serum concentrations after adjusting for age, sex and BMI. Independent of T2D status, we found significantly higher adipsin expression in SAT compared to VAT (4) Conclusions: Our data suggest that adipsin serum concentrations are strongly related to obesity and age. However, neither circulating adipsin nor adipsin AT expression reflects parameters of impaired glucose or lipid metabolism in patients with obesity with or without T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarete Milek
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.M.); (P.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Yusef Moulla
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation and Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (Y.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Matthias Kern
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Christine Stroh
- Department of General, Abdominal and Pediatric Surgery, Municipal Hospital, 07548 Gera, Germany;
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation and Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (Y.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Michael R Schön
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Clinic of Visceral Surgery, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany; (M.R.S.); (D.G.)
| | - Daniel Gärtner
- Städtisches Klinikum Karlsruhe, Clinic of Visceral Surgery, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany; (M.R.S.); (D.G.)
| | - Tobias Lohmann
- Municipal Clinic Dresden-Neustadt, 01129 Dresden, Germany; (T.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Miriam Dressler
- Municipal Clinic Dresden-Neustadt, 01129 Dresden, Germany; (T.L.); (M.D.)
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.M.); (P.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.M.); (P.K.); (M.S.)
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.M.); (P.K.); (M.S.)
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (E.G.-J.); Tel.: +49-341-972-2901 (M.B.); +49-341-971-5895 (E.G.-J.)
| | - Esther Guiu-Jurado
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (M.M.); (P.K.); (M.S.)
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (E.G.-J.); Tel.: +49-341-972-2901 (M.B.); +49-341-971-5895 (E.G.-J.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The associations between whole grain and refined grain intakes and serum C-reactive protein. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:544-550. [PMID: 34404933 PMCID: PMC8993682 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Epidemiological studies suggest that whole grain intake has inverse associations with low-grade inflammation, but findings regarding refined grains are inconclusive. Our objective was to investigate whether consumption of whole or refined grains is associated with serum high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP). SUBJECTS/METHODS The study included 756 generally healthy men and women aged 53-73 years from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factory Study, examined in 1999-2001. Dietary intakes were assessed using 4-day food records. ANCOVA and linear regression were used for analyses. RESULTS The mean intake of whole and refined grains was 136 g/day (SD 80) and 84 g/day (SD 46), respectively. Higher whole grain intake was associated with lower hs-CRP concentration and higher refined grain intake with higher concentration after adjustment for lifestyle and dietary factors. Each 50 g/d higher whole grain intake was associated with 0.12 mg/L (95% Cl 0.02-0.21 mg/L) lower hs-CRP concentration and each 50 g/d higher refined grain intake with 0.23 mg/L (95% Cl 0.08-0.38) higher concentration. Adjustment for fibre from grains attenuated the associations especially with whole grains. There were no statistically significant interactions according to gender or BMI (P for interactions >0.065). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that higher intake of whole grains is associated with lower concentrations of hs-CRP and higher intake of refined grains is associated with higher concentrations. However, especially the association with whole grain intake was attenuated after adjusting for fibre intake from grains, suggesting that cereal fibre may partly explain the association.
Collapse
|
18
|
Fuentes-Romero B, Muñoz-Prieto A, Cerón JJ, Martín-Cuervo M, Iglesias-García M, Aguilera-Tejero E, Díez-Castro E. Measurement of Plasma Resistin Concentrations in Horses with Metabolic and Inflammatory Disorders. Animals (Basel) 2021; 12:ani12010077. [PMID: 35011183 PMCID: PMC8744951 DOI: 10.3390/ani12010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Obesity and its associated complications, such as metabolic syndrome, are an increasing problem in both humans and horses in the developed world. Adipose tissue is a key endocrine organ that communicates with other organs by multiple endocrine substances called adipokines. There is evidence to suggest that adipokines may contribute to the regulation of biological processes, such as metabolism, immunity, and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of one of these adipokines in horses, resistin, and its relationship with insulin dysregulation (ID) and inflammation. Seventy-two horses, included in one of the four following groups, were studied: healthy controls, horses with inflammatory conditions, horses with mild, and horses with severe ID. Plasma resistin concentrations were significantly different between groups, and the highest values were recorded in the inflammatory and severe ID groups. The lack of correlation of resistin with basal insulin concentration and the significant correlation of resistin with the inflammatory marker serum amyloid A suggest that, as is the case in humans, plasma resistin concentrations in horses are predominantly related to inflammatory conditions and not to ID. Abstract Obesity and its associated complications, such as metabolic syndrome, are an increasing problem in both humans and horses in the developed world. The expression patterns of resistin differ considerably between species. In rodents, resistin is expressed by adipocytes and is related to obesity and ID. In humans, resistin is predominantly produced by inflammatory cells, and resistin concentrations do not reflect the degree of obesity, although they may predict cardiovascular outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of resistin and its relationship with ID and selected indicators of inflammation in horses. Seventy-two horses, included in one of the four following groups, were studied: healthy controls (C, n = 14), horses with inflammatory conditions (I, n = 21), horses with mild ID (ID1, n = 18), and horses with severe ID (ID2, n = 19). Plasma resistin concentrations were significantly different between groups and the higher values were recorded in the I and ID2 groups (C: 2.38 ± 1.69 ng/mL; I: 6.85 ± 8.38 ng/mL; ID1: 2.41 ± 2.70 ng/mL; ID2: 4.49 ± 3.08 ng/mL). Plasma resistin was not correlated with basal insulin concentrations. A significant (r = 0.336, p = 0.002) correlation was found between resistin and serum amyloid A. Our results show that, as is the case in humans, plasma resistin concentrations in horses are predominantly related to inflammatory conditions and not to ID. Horses with severe ID showed an elevation in resistin that may be secondary to the inflammatory status associated with metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fuentes-Romero
- Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, University of Murcia, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.-P.); (J.J.C.)
| | - José J. Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Interlab-UMU, University of Murcia, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.-P.); (J.J.C.)
| | - María Martín-Cuervo
- Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain;
| | | | | | - Elisa Díez-Castro
- Department of Equine Internal Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain; (E.A.-T.); (E.D.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhang J, Teng F, Pan L, Guo D, Liu J, Li K, Yuan Y, Li W, Zhang H. Circulating adipsin is associated with asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in obese adults. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:517. [PMID: 34696714 PMCID: PMC8543967 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipsin has been identified as a secreted adipokine that plays a critical pathogenic role in metabolic disorders. However, it is not clear regarding the association of circulating adipsin with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study will explore the association between circulating adipsin and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese obese adults. Methods A total of 483 obese adult subjects (aged 40 years or older) were enrolled in this study. Serum adipsin concentrations and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were measured to determine these associations. Results Individuals with increased CIMT and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis had lower levels of circulating adipsin than controls (both p < 0.05). The prevalence of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis was significantly higher in subjects with lower levels of serum adipsin than those with higher values (42.5% vs. 36.7%, p < 0.05). Notably, subjects in the lowest quartile of serum adipsin were 1.94 times (p = 0.059) more likely to have increased CIMT and 2.91 times (p = 0.03) more likely to have asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis than those in the highest quartile in multivariable logistic regression analyses, adjusting for age, gender, current smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI, systolic BP, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-c, and HOMA-IR. However, such associations with circulating adipsin were not noted for atherosclerotic plaque. Conclusions These findings suggest that circulating adipsin concentrations are a potential marker of risks of increased CIMT and asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in obese Chinese adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Department of General Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lingling Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kangli Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Youwen Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. .,Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Corvillo F, González-Sánchez L, López-Lera A, Arjona E, Ceccarini G, Santini F, Araújo-Vilar D, Brown RJ, Villarroya J, Villarroya F, Rodríguez de Córdoba S, Caballero T, Nozal P, López-Trascasa M. Complement Factor D (adipsin) Levels Are Elevated in Acquired Partial Lipodystrophy (Barraquer-Simons syndrome). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126608. [PMID: 34205507 PMCID: PMC8234012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement overactivation has been reported in most patients with Barraquer-Simons syndrome (BSS), a rare form of acquired partial lipodystrophy. Complement Factor D (FD) is a serine protease with a crucial role in the activation of the alternative pathway of the complement system, which is mainly synthesized by adipose tissue. However, its role in the pathogenesis of BSS has not been addressed. In this study, plasma FD concentration was measured in 13 patients with BSS, 20 patients with acquired generalized lipodystrophy, 22 patients with C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), and 50 healthy controls. Gene expression and immunohistochemistry studies were assayed using atrophied adipose tissue from a patient with BSS. We found significantly elevated FD levels in BSS cases compared with the remaining cohorts (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in FD levels between sexes but FD was strongly and directly associated with age in BSS (r = 0.7593, p = 0.0036). A positive correlation between FD and C3 was seen in patients with C3G, characterized by decreased FD levels due to chronic C3 consumption, but no correlation was detected for BSS. Following mRNA quantification in the patient's adipose tissue, we observed decreased CFD and C3 but elevated C5 transcript levels. In contrast, the increased FD staining detected in the atrophied areas reflects the effects of persistent tissue damage on the adipose tissue, thus providing information on the ongoing pathogenic process. Our results suggest that FD could be a reliable diagnostic biomarker involved in the pathophysiology of BSS by promoting unrestrained local complement system activation in the adipose tissue environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Corvillo
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.L.-L.); (P.N.); (M.L.-T.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
- Correspondence: Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-912-072-297
| | - Laura González-Sánchez
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.L.-L.); (P.N.); (M.L.-T.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Alberto López-Lera
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.L.-L.); (P.N.); (M.L.-T.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Emilia Arjona
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni Ceccarini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center at the Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Obesity and Lipodystrophy Center at the Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.C.); (F.S.)
| | - David Araújo-Vilar
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine, IDIS-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15703 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Rebecca J Brown
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA;
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquimica I Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (J.V.); (F.V.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquimica I Biomedicina Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; (J.V.); (F.V.)
- CIBER Fisiopatología de La Obesidad Y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Caballero
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
- Department of Allergy, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Nozal
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.L.-L.); (P.N.); (M.L.-T.)
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (E.A.); (S.R.d.C.); (T.C.)
- Immunology Unit, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita López-Trascasa
- Complement Research Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-S.); (A.L.-L.); (P.N.); (M.L.-T.)
- Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dong Y, Li X, Liu Y, Gao J, Tao J. The molecular targets of taurine confer anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Life Sci 2021; 278:119579. [PMID: 33961852 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, is regarded as a lipid metabolism disorder associated with elevated plasma triglyceride and/or cholesterol. Genetic factors and unhealthy lifestyles, such as excess caloric intake and physical inactivity, can result in hyperlipidemia. Taurine, a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid, is abundant in marine foods and has been associated with wide-ranging beneficial physiological effects, with special reference to regulating aberrant lipid metabolism. Its anti-hyperlipidemic mechanism is complex, which is related to many enzymes in the process of fat anabolism and catabolism (e.g., HMGCR, CYP7A1, LDLR, FXR, FAS and ACC). Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecular targets, lipid autophagy, metabolic reprogramming and gut microbiota will also be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Dong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, China; Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 17 LuJiang Road, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guo D, Liu J, Zhang P, Yang X, Liu D, Lin J, Wei X, Xu B, Huang C, Zhou X, Teng F, Zhu H, Zhang H. Adiposity Measurements and Metabolic Syndrome Are Linked Through Circulating Neuregulin 4 and Adipsin Levels in Obese Adults. Front Physiol 2021; 12:667330. [PMID: 34017266 PMCID: PMC8129583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.667330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adiposity and adipokines are associated with metabolic disorders, but little is known regarding that whether adiposity measurements link metabolic syndrome (MetS) through circulating neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) and adipsin levels. Materials and Methods A total of 1212 subjects with a waist circumference greater than 90 cm for men or 80 cm for women were enrolled from a Chinese community. Circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels were measured using commercial kits. Mediation analyses of circulating Nrg4 and adipsin were performed in the study using linear and logistic regression. Results Subjects with MetS had higher waist circumference, visceral fat level, and circulating adipsin level, and lower levels of circulating Nrg4 and muscle mass to visceral fat (MVF) ratio (all P < 0.05). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for confounding variables, per standard deviation (SD) increase in waist circumference and visceral fat level were significantly associated with increased odds of MetS [OR (95% CI), 1.42 (1.22–1.64); 2.20 (1.62–2.99); respectively]; and per SD reduction in MVF ratio was significantly associated with reduced odds of MetS [OR (95% CI), 0.65 (0.55–0.77)]. In the mediation analyses, both circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels mediated the association between waist circumference (8.31% and 18.35%, respectively), visceral fat level (7.50% and 9.98%, respectively), and MVF ratio (5.80% and 9.86%, respectively) and MetS after adjustments. Conclusion These findings indicate that adiposity measurements and MetS are linked through circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels in obese adults, suggesting that circulating Nrg4 and adipsin levels might be potential predictors for management of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayang Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingyan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chensihan Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vaspin in atherosclerotic disease and cardiovascular risk in axial spondyloarthritis: a genetic and serological study. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:111. [PMID: 33849644 PMCID: PMC8042971 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02499-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaspin is a novel anti-inflammatory adipokine associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease and inflammation in chronic inflammatory conditions different from axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Given the high incidence of CV disease (mainly due to accelerated atherosclerosis) exhibited by axSpA patients, we wondered if vaspin could also be a key molecule in this process. However, data on the role of vaspin regarding atherosclerotic disease in the context of axSpA is scarce. For this reason, we aimed to evaluate the implication of vaspin, at the genetic and serological level, in subclinical atherosclerosis and CV risk in axSpA. Methods This study included 510 patients diagnosed with axSpA. Carotid ultrasound (US) was performed to evaluate the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis. Three vaspin gene variants (rs2236242, rs7159023, and rs35262691) were genotyped by TaqMan probes. Serum vaspin levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA® v.11.1. Results Serum vaspin levels were significantly higher in female patients than in males and also in obese patients when compared to those with normal weight (p < 0.05). At the genetic level, we disclosed that the minor allele of rs2236242 (A) was associated with lower serum vaspin levels in axSpA, while the rs7159023 minor allele (A) was linked to higher serum levels (p < 0.05). When the three polymorphisms assessed were combined conforming haplotypes, we disclosed that the TGC haplotype related to high serum levels of vaspin (p = 0.01). However, no statistically significant association was observed between vaspin and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, both at the genetic and serological level. Conclusions Our results revealed that vaspin is linked to CV risk factors that may influence on the atherosclerotic process in axSpA. Additionally, we disclosed that serum vaspin concentration is genetically modulated in a large cohort of patients with axSpA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-021-02499-7.
Collapse
|
24
|
Brazzelli V, Maffioli P, Bolcato V, Ciolfi C, D'Angelo A, Tinelli C, Derosa G. Psoriasis and Diabetes, a Dangerous Association: Evaluation of Insulin Resistance, Lipid Abnormalities, and Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:605691. [PMID: 33834030 PMCID: PMC8021695 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.605691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated dermatosis with cardio-metabolic comorbidities. The aim of this study was to assess insulin-resistance, lipid abnormalities, and cardiovascular risk biomarkers in psoriatic patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods and materials: We enrolled 425 patients: 86 psoriatics, 69 psoriatics with T2DM, 120 T2DM patients, and 150 healthy subjects. We measured the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), body mass index (BMI), insulin-resistance parameters [glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting plasma insulin (FPI), and with homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA index)], lipidic panel, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), homocysteine, soluble adhesion molecules, matrix metalloproteinase, and adipocytokines. Results: FPG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR were higher in diabetics with psoriasis (p < 0.0001) than in psoriatics. FPI levels were higher in diabetics with psoriasis than in diabetics and psoriatics (p < 0.0001), and higher in psoriatics than controls (p < 0.0001). Psoriatics and diabetics with psoriasis showed higher triglyceride and LDL-C levels (p < 0.0001) than diabetics. Homocysteine was higher in psoriatics and diabetics with psoriasis (p < 0.0001) than in diabetics. PAI-1 was higher in diabetics with psoriasis than diabetics (p < 0.01). sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were higher in diabetics with psoriasis than diabetics (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) and psoriatics (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001). Visfatin and resistin were lower in psoriatics (p < 0.0001) and in diabetics with psoriasis (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) than diabetics. Conclusions: A limitation of this study is that there is a significant difference in mean age between controls and other study groups: the lack of matching between case and control groups may interfere with the external validity of the study findings. Despite this, the study highlights a pathogenetic link between psoriasis, considered a pre-diabetic condition, and diabetes. Insulin-resistance seems to be the keystone of psoriasis comorbidities. Psoriasis reinforces diabetes, causing a greater cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Brazzelli
- Institute of Dermatology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pamela Maffioli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Pavia and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Centre for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Bolcato
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, Forensic Science Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Christian Ciolfi
- Institute of Dermatology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Angela D'Angelo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Pavia and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmine Tinelli
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Derosa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Centre of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Pavia and Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Centre for Prevention, Surveillance, Diagnosis and Treatment of Rare Diseases, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang J, Li K, Pan L, Teng F, Zhang P, Lin B, Yuan Y, Wei X, Li W, Zhang H. Association of circulating adipsin with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:131. [PMID: 33743586 PMCID: PMC7981882 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a secreted adipokine, adipsin has been recently shown to play a pivotal role in metabolic disorders. However, information regarding the association of circulating adipsin with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in humans is scant. METHODS We recruited 1163 obese adult subjects with waist circumference at least 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women from the community. Circulating adipsin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Circulating adipsin levels of NAFLD subjects was decreased compared to those in non-NAFLD (p < 0.05). The prevalence of NAFLD with lower levels of serum adipsin was significantly higher than those with higher values (57.6% vs. 50.9%, p < 0.05). Circulating adipsin levels were significantly associated with decreasing levels of fasting glucose and postprandial glucose (both p < 0.001 for interaction) in NAFLD subjects but not in non-NAFLD subjects. The risk of NAFLD was significantly decreased by 21.7% [OR (95% CI): 0.783 (0.679-0.902), p < 0.001], adjusting for age, gender, current smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, BMI, systolic BP, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-c, HOMA-IR, and body fat mass. Importantly, subjects in the lowest quartile of circulating adipsin were 1.88 times more likely to have NAFLD than those in the highest quartile in multivariable logistic regression analyses. However, such associations with circulating adipsin were not noted for metabolic syndrome, abnormal liver enzyme and significant liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that circulating adipsin levels in Chinese obese adults are negatively associated with risk of NAFLD, implying that serum adipsin levels may be a potential protective factor in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Department of General Medicine, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Lingling Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peizhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bingquan Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youwen Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xueyun Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Road, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Costa LR, de Castro CA, Marine DA, Fabrizzi F, Furino VDO, Malavazi I, Anibal FDF, Duarte ACGDO. High-Intensity Interval Training Does Not Change Vaspin and Omentin and Does Not Reduce Visceral Adipose Tissue in Obese Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:564862. [PMID: 33716759 PMCID: PMC7952996 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.564862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the expression of omentin and vaspin, inflammatory markers, body composition, and lipid profile in diet-induced obese rats and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: untrained normal diet, trained normal diet (T-ND), untrained high-fat diet (Unt-HFD), and trained high-fat diet (T-HFD). For the animals of the Unt-HFD and T-HFD groups, a high-fat diet was offered for 4 weeks. After that, all the animals in the T-ND and T-HFD groups were submitted to HITT, three times per week, for 10 weeks (2 weeks of adaptation and 8 weeks of HIIT). Muscle (gastrocnemius), liver, epididymal adipose tissue, retroperitoneal adipose tissue, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and serum were collected to analyze TNF-α, IL-6, PCR, IL-8, IL-10, IL-4, vaspin, and omentin. A body composition analysis was performed before adaptation to HIIT protocol and after the last exercise session using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Omentin and vaspin in the VAT were quantified using Western blotting. The results showed that, when fed a high-fat diet, the animals obtained significant gains in body fat and elevated serum concentrations of vaspin and blood triglycerides. The HIIT was able to minimize body fat gain but did not reduce visceral fat despite the increase in maximum exercise capacity. Moreover, there was a reduction in the serum levels of adiponectin, IL-6, and IL-10. Finally, we concluded that, although the training protocol was able to slow down the weight gain of the animals, there was no reduction in visceral fat or an improvement in the inflammatory profile, including no changes in omentin and vaspin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Ribeiro Costa
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Aparecida de Castro
- Department of Morphology and Pathology – Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Diego Adorna Marine
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fabrizzi
- Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Penápolis-Brazil, Penápolis, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Oliveira Furino
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Department of Genetics and Evolution – Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Freitas Anibal
- Department of Morphology and Pathology – Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Garcia de Oliveira Duarte
- Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity – DEFMH, Biological and Health Sciences Center – CCBS, Federal University of São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pant R, Firmal P, Shah VK, Alam A, Chattopadhyay S. Epigenetic Regulation of Adipogenesis in Development of Metabolic Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:619888. [PMID: 33511131 PMCID: PMC7835429 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.619888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the biggest public health concerns identified by an increase in adipose tissue mass as a result of adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Pertaining to the importance of adipose tissue in various biological processes, any alteration in its function results in impaired metabolic health. In this review, we discuss how adipose tissue maintains the metabolic health through secretion of various adipokines and inflammatory mediators and how its dysfunction leads to the development of severe metabolic disorders and influences cancer progression. Impairment in the adipocyte function occurs due to individuals' genetics and/or environmental factor(s) that largely affect the epigenetic profile leading to altered gene expression and onset of obesity in adults. Moreover, several crucial aspects of adipose biology, including the regulation of different transcription factors, are controlled by epigenetic events. Therefore, understanding the intricacies of adipogenesis is crucial for recognizing its relevance in underlying disease conditions and identifying the therapeutic interventions for obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richa Pant
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Priyanka Firmal
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Vibhuti Kumar Shah
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Aftab Alam
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Samit Chattopadhyay
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Goa, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Govindsamy A, Ghoor S, Cerf ME. Programming With Varying Dietary Fat Content Alters Cardiac Insulin Receptor, Glut4 and FoxO1 Immunoreactivity in Neonatal Rats, Whereas High Fat Programming Alters Cebpa Gene Expression in Neonatal Female Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:772095. [PMID: 35069436 PMCID: PMC8766637 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.772095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal programming refers to an intrauterine stimulus or insult that shapes growth, development and health outcomes. Dependent on the quality and quantity, dietary fats can be beneficial or detrimental for the growth of the fetus and can alter insulin signaling by regulating the expression of key factors. The effects of varying dietary fat content on the expression profiles of factors in the neonatal female and male rat heart were investigated and analyzed in control (10% fat), 20F (20% fat), 30F (30% fat) and 40F (40% fat which was a high fat diet used to induce high fat programming) neonatal rats. The whole neonatal heart was immunostained for insulin receptor, glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) and forkhead box protein 1 (FoxO1), followed by image analysis. The expression of 84 genes, commonly associated with the insulin signaling pathway, were then examined in 40F female and 40F male offspring. Maintenance on diets, varying in fat content during fetal life, altered the expression of cardiac factors, with changes induced from 20% fat in female neonates, but from 30% fat in male neonates. Further, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (Cebpa) was upregulated in 40F female neonates. There was, however, differential expression of several insulin signaling genes in 40F (high fat programmed) offspring, with some tending to significance but most differences were in fold changes (≥1.5 fold). The increased immunoreactivity for insulin receptor, Glut4 and FoxO1 in 20F female and 30F male neonatal rats may reflect a compensatory response to programming to maintain cardiac physiology. Cebpa was upregulated in female offspring maintained on a high fat diet, with fold increases in other insulin signaling genes viz. Aebp1, Cfd (adipsin), Adra1d, Prkcg, Igfbp, Retn (resistin) and Ucp1. In female offspring maintained on a high fat diet, increased Cebpa gene expression (concomitant with fold increases in other insulin signaling genes) may reflect cardiac stress and an adaptative response to cardiac inflammation, stress and/or injury, after high fat programming. Diet and the sex are determinants of cardiac physiology and pathophysiology, reflecting divergent mechanisms that are sex-specific.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annelene Govindsamy
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samira Ghoor
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marlon E. Cerf
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Grants, Innovation and Product Development, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Marlon E. Cerf,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Crooke SN, Ovsyannikova IG, Kennedy RB, Warner ND, Poland GA. Associations between markers of cellular and humoral immunity to rubella virus following a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine. Vaccine 2020; 38:7897-7904. [PMID: 33158591 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rubella virus (RV) was eliminated in the United States in 2004, although a small portion of the population fails to develop long-term immunity against RV even after two doses of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. We hypothesized that inherent biological differences in cytokine and chemokine signaling likely govern an individual's response to a third dose of the vaccine. METHODS Healthy young women (n = 97) were selected as study participants if they had either low or high extremes of RV-specific antibody titer after two previous doses of MMR vaccine. We measured cytokine and chemokine secretion from RV-stimulated PBMCs before and 28 days after they received a third dose of MMR vaccine and assessed correlations with humoral immune response outcomes. RESULTS High and low antibody vaccine responders exhibited a strong pro-inflammatory cellular response, with an underlying Th1-associated signature (IL-2, IFN-γ, MIP-1β, IP-10) and suppressed production of most Th2-associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13). IL-10 and IL-4 exhibited significant negative associations with neutralizing antibody titers and memory B cell ELISpot responses among low vaccine responders. CONCLUSION IL-4 and IL-10 signaling pathways may be potential targets for understanding and improving the immune response to rubella vaccination or for designing new vaccines that induce more durable immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen N Crooke
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Nathaniel D Warner
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gregory A Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rampersaud AM, Dunk CE, Lye SJ, Renaud SJ. Palmitic acid induces inflammation in placental trophoblasts and impairs their migration toward smooth muscle cells through plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 26:850-865. [PMID: 32898274 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical component of early human placental development includes migration of extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) into the decidua. EVTs migrate toward and displace vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) surrounding several uterine structures, including spiral arteries. Shallow trophoblast invasion features in several pregnancy complications including preeclampsia. Maternal obesity is a risk factor for placental dysfunction, suggesting that factors within an obese environment may impair early placental development. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid circulating at high levels in obese women, induces an inflammatory response in EVTs that hinders their capacity to migrate toward SMCs. We found that SMCs and SMC-conditioned media stimulated migration and invasion of an EVT-like cell line, HTR8/SVneo. Palmitic acid impaired EVT migration and invasion toward SMCs, and induced expression of several vasoactive and inflammatory mediators in EVTs, including endothelin, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and PAI1. PAI1 was increased in plasma of women with early-onset preeclampsia, and PAI1-deficient EVTs were protected from the anti-migratory effects of palmitic acid. Using first trimester placental explants, palmitic acid exposure decreased EVT invasion through Matrigel. Our findings reveal that palmitic acid induces an inflammatory response in EVTs and attenuates their migration through a mechanism involving PAI1. High levels of palmitic acid in pathophysiological situations like obesity may impair early placental development and predispose to placental dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Rampersaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Caroline E Dunk
- Research Centre for Women's and Infants' Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen J Lye
- Research Centre for Women's and Infants' Health, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen J Renaud
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bonaventura A, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Meessen J, Ferraris S, Beck E, Keim R, Minetti S, Elia E, Ferrara D, Ansaldo AM, Novelli D, Caironi P, Latini R, Montecucco F. The role of resistin and myeloperoxidase in severe sepsis and septic shock: Results from the ALBIOS trial. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13333. [PMID: 32585739 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory biomarkers are useful in detecting patients with sepsis. The prognostic role of resistin and myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been investigated in sepsis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma resistin and MPO were measured on days 1, 2 and 7 in 957 patients enrolled in the Albumin Italian Outcome Sepsis (ALBIOS) trial. The association between resistin and MPO levels on day 1, 2 and 7 and 90-day mortality was assessed. RESULTS Plasma resistin and MPO concentrations were higher at day 1 and decreased until day 7. Both biomarkers were positively correlated with each other and with physiological parameters. Higher levels of resistin and MPO on day 1 were associated with the development of new organ failures. Patients experiencing death at 90 days showed higher levels of resistin and MPO compared with survivors. At day 1, only MPO in the 4th quartile (Q4), but not resistin, was found to predict 90-day death (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.55 vs Q1). At day 2, resistin in the Q3 and Q4 predicted a > 40% increase in mortality as also did MPO in the Q4. On day 7, Q4 resistin was able to predict 90-day mortality, while all quartiles of MPO were not. CONCLUSIONS High levels of MPO, but not of resistin, on day 1 were able to predict 90-day mortality. These findings may either suggest that early hyper-activation of neutrophils is detrimental in patients with sepsis or reflect the burden of the inflammatory process caused by sepsis. Further studies are warranted to deepen these aspects (ALBIOS ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00707122).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1200 E Marshall St, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova-Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1200 E Marshall St, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Jennifer Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Keim
- UOC Anestesia Rianimazione e Terapia Intensiva - ASST Bergamo Est - Ospedale Bolognini di Seriate, Seriate, Italy
| | - Silvia Minetti
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Elia
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniele Ferrara
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Ansaldo
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Deborah Novelli
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Caironi
- SCDU Anestesia e Rianimazione, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria S. Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano, Italy.,Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova-Italian Cardiovascular Network, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Arab A, Moosavian SP, Hadi A, Karimi E, Nasirian M. The association between serum omentin level and bodyweight: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 39:22-29. [PMID: 32859320 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A number of studies have examined the association between omentin and body weight, but the findings have been inconclusive. Here in, we systematically reviewed available observational studies to elucidate the overall relationship between omentin and body weight, by comparison of serum omentin level in overweight/obese and normal weight subjects. METHODS PubMed, Science direct, Scopus and ISI web of science databases were searched for all available literature until January 2020 for studies assessing the association between omentin and body weight. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to assess the quality of each study. RESULTS A total of 27 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. There was a significant association between omentin serum level and body weight (Standard Mean Difference (SMD) -0.43; 95% CI, -0.70 to -0.15; P = 0.002; I2 = 93.2%). In order to find the probable source of heterogeneity subgroup analysis based on the participants' age (adolescent, adult), gender (male, female, both gender), health status (healthy, unhealthy), geographical location (Asian, non-Asian countries), study quality (low, medium, high), study design (case-control, cross-sectional), participants' health status (healthy, unhealthy) and BMI (obese, overweight) was carried out. CONCLUSION According to what was discussed, we found that serum omentin level is significantly lower in overweight subjects but not obese ones. This finding should be interpreted cautiously because of significant heterogeneity among included studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arman Arab
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Parisa Moosavian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Amir Hadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elham Karimi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Research Development Center, Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Nasirian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health School, and Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Charan M, Verma AK, Hussain S, Misri S, Mishra S, Majumder S, Ramaswamy B, Ahirwar D, Ganju RK. Molecular and Cellular Factors Associated with Racial Disparity in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165936. [PMID: 32824813 PMCID: PMC7460595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that racial differences can influence breast cancer incidence and survival rate. African American (AA) women are at two to three fold higher risk for breast cancer than other ethnic groups. AA women with aggressive breast cancers show worse prognoses and higher mortality rates relative to Caucasian (CA) women. Over the last few years, effective treatment strategies have reduced mortality from breast cancer. Unfortunately, the breast cancer mortality rate among AA women remains higher compared to their CA counterparts. The focus of this review is to underscore the racial differences and differential regulation/expression of genetic signatures in CA and AA women with breast cancer. Moreover, immune cell infiltration significantly affects the clinical outcome of breast cancer. Here, we have reviewed recent findings on immune cell recruitment in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and documented its association with breast cancer racial disparity. In addition, we have extensively discussed the role of cytokines, chemokines, and other cell signaling molecules among AA and CA breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we have also reviewed the distinct genetic and epigenetic changes in AA and CA patients. Overall, this review article encompasses various molecular and cellular factors associated with breast cancer disparity that affects mortality and clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Charan
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Ajeet K. Verma
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Swati Misri
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sanjay Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sarmila Majumder
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Bhuvaneswari Ramaswamy
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
| | - Dinesh Ahirwar
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (R.K.G.)
| | - Ramesh K. Ganju
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (M.C.); (A.K.V.); (S.H.); (S.M.); (S.M.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (B.R.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (R.K.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Balbino KP, Juvanhol LL, Wendling AL, Marota LD, Costa JBS, Bressan J, Hermsdorff HHM. Dietary intake, clinical-nutritional status, and homocysteine in hemodialysis subjects: the mediating role of inflammation (NUGE-HD study). Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:845-850. [PMID: 32680432 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that inflammation mediates the associations among food intake, clinical-nutritional status, and plasma homocysteine (Hcys) in hemodialysis (HD) subjects. This was a cross-sectional analysis of data on 129 subjects undergoing HD (58.9% male, 61.8 ± 15.5 years of age) from the cohort Nutrition and Genetics on HD outcomes (NUGE-HD study). Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and metabolic data were collected, and food intake was assessed using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as an inflammatory marker. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Regarding the direct effects, complex B vitamin intake was negatively associated with body mass index, and diabetes mellitus was positively associated with CRP. Plasma CRP also showed a negative association with Hcys, and the ratio of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids intake showed a positive association with Hcys. Regarding indirect effects, the results showed that the relationship between the presence of diabetes mellitus and Hcys is mediated by plasma CRP. In conclusion, the ratio of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids had a direct effect on plasma Hcys, whereas inflammation had a direct and mediating effect on the relationship between Hcys and diabetes mellitus in HD subjects. Novelty In end-stage renal disease, CRP influences plasma Hcys directly and also indirectly through its mediating effect. The quantity and quality of dietary fatty acids influence plasma Hcys concentrations in HD subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Pereira Balbino
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Lage Wendling
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tafere GG, Wondafrash DZ, Zewdie KA, Assefa BT, Ayza MA. Plasma Adipsin as a Biomarker and Its Implication in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1855-1861. [PMID: 32547147 PMCID: PMC7264027 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s253967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health threat affecting millions of people, which is associated with different micro- and macro-vascular complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the different types of DM caused by insulin resistance and/or reduced secretion of insulin from the pancreas. A validated novel biomarker is required to enhance the accuracy of disease prediction, provide novel insights into pathophysiology and contribute to future prevention of T2DM. Various newer diagnostic methods have been developed by targeting endogenous proteins among which Adipsin is one of the promising target. Therefore, this review discusses Adipsin as a potential biomarker and its implication in T2DM. Adipsin is one of the adipokines secreted by adipose tissues which is involved in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis and increasing insulin secretion in response to glucose. According to different experimental and clinical studies, plasma Adipsin concentrations are low in animals and patients with DM which support its use as a biomarker in combination to the other diagnostic modalities for DM. Additionally, the existence of Adipsin could be important in improving hyperglycemia by preserving β-cell mass through improving β-cell survival and maintaining their transcriptional identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Brhane Teklebrhan Assefa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Altaye Ayza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Adipose tissue dysfunction and metabolic disorders: Is it possible to predict who will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus? Role of markErs in the progreSsion of dIabeteS in obese paTIeNts (The RESISTIN trial). Cytokine 2020; 127:154947. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
37
|
Bonaventura A, Grossi F, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Minetti S, Bardi N, Elia E, Ansaldo AM, Ferrara D, Rijavec E, Dal Bello MG, Rossi G, Biello F, Tagliamento M, Alama A, Coco S, Spallarossa P, Dallegri F, Genova C, Montecucco F. Resistin is associated with overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients during nivolumab treatment. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1603-1610. [PMID: 32048158 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
38
|
Duffles LF, Hermont AP, Abreu LG, Pordeus IA, Silva TA. Association between obesity and adipokines levels in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Evid Based Med 2019; 12:313-324. [PMID: 31482694 DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare adipokines' levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva between individuals with obesity and individuals without obesity. METHODS Computerized searches were conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Medline via Ovid, Web of Science, and Scopus). Manual searches and a Google Scholar search, limiting the search to the first 100 hits, were also conducted. Two calibrated authors performed the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment of included articles. The quality of the included articles was evaluated using the University of Adelaide Tool. RESULTS The electronic searches retrieved 929 titles/abstracts. Following the removal of duplicated references, 613 titles/abstracts were assessed. Thirty-four articles were included. Meta-analysis demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration in saliva was statistically increased in individuals with obesity compared with individuals without obesity (P < 0.05). By contrast, the meta-analysis showed no difference in the concentrations of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, and interleukin 6 in saliva and of resistin, adiponectin, leptin, interleukin 6, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor α, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in GCF between individuals with and without obesity (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Individuals with obesity presented higher levels of TNF-α in saliva than individuals without obesity. TNF-α in saliva sampling may be a helpful marker for obesity. For the other adipokines, no difference was observed, but the limited availability and heterogeneity of data do not allow us to assertively state whether changes of adipokines in GCF and saliva are associated with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Fernanda Duffles
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Hermont
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabela Almeida Pordeus
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Guo D, Yuan Y, Huang R, Tian S, Wang J, Lin H, An K, Han J, Wang S. Association between plasma adipsin level and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19:108. [PMID: 31651303 PMCID: PMC6814099 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-019-0431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adipokine adipsin contributes to insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and obesity, which are all regarded as high-risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to uncover the role of adipsin in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population with early cognitive dysfunction and determine whether adipsin contributes to diabetic MCI caused by IR. METHODS In our study, 126 patients with T2DM were enrolled. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to assess cognitive impairment. Demographic data and neuropsychological test results were evaluated. Plasma adipsin level was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The MCI group (n = 57) presented higher plasma adipsin levels compared with the healthy controls (p = 0.018). After adjustment for educational attainment, and age, begative correlations were found between plasma adipsin levels and MoCA, Mini Mental State Exam, and Verbal Fluency Test scores(r = - 0.640, p < 0.001; r = - 0.612, p < 0.001; r = - 0.288, p = 0.035; respectively). Correlation analysis demonstrated that adipsin levels were significantly positively correlated with fasting C-peptide; homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.368, p < 0.001; r = 0.494, p < 0.001; respectively). Multivariable regression analysis further indicated that high plasma adipsin level was a significant independent determinant of MCI in the Chinese population withT2DM (p = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Elevated plasma adipsin level was associated with MCI in Chinese T2DM patients. Further large-scale studies should be designed to determine whether adipsin is linked to IR-associated susceptibility to early cognitive decline in T2DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China 210009
| | - Yang Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China 210009
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sai Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke An
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, No. 87 DingJiaQiao Road, Nanjing, 210009 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Souvannavong-Vilivong X, Sitticharoon C, Klinjampa R, Keadkraichaiwat I, Sripong C, Chatree S, Sririwichitchai R, Lertbunnaphong T. Placental expressions and serum levels of adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin in GDM. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:1121-1131. [PMID: 31076892 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01355-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin have been shown to be associated with insulin sensitivity and might have a role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to (1) compare adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin mRNA expressions in placenta and their serum levels between normal pregnancy (NP) and GDM class A1 (GDMA1) pregnancy and (2) determine correlations between placental gene expressions as well as serum levels with maternal and neonatal clinical parameters in all, NP, and GDM subjects. METHODS NP subjects (n = 37), who had normal medical history during their pregnancies without diagnosis of any abnormalities and GDMA1 subjects (n = 37), who were diagnosed since they had antenatal care, were recruited when they were in labor with a gestational age of at least 34 weeks. Clinical parameters and serum adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin levels were measured in the delivery room. RESULTS GDMA1 subjects had higher serum visfatin and plasma glucose levels, but lower serum omentin levels (p < 0.05 all) compared to controls, with comparable levels of placental adiponectin, visfatin, and omentin expressions, plasma insulin, and indices of insulin sensitivity and insulin resistance. Serum visfatin was negatively correlated with neonatal weight and length in the GDM group (p < 0.05 all). Serum omentin was negatively correlated with pre-pregnancy body mass index and waist circumference only in the NP group (p < 0.05 all). Serum adiponectin was negatively correlated with maternal age and HOMA-IR in the NP group (p < 0.05 all) and with placental weight and serum omentin in the GDM group (p < 0.05 all). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, in GDMA1, increased serum visfatin, which has insulin-mimetic effect, might be associated with a compensatory mechanism that improves the impaired insulin function. Decreased serum omentin in GDMA1, which is normally found in visceral obesity, might lead to insulin resistance and contribute to the pathophysiology of GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xaynaly Souvannavong-Vilivong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chantacha Sitticharoon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Roongrit Klinjampa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Issarawan Keadkraichaiwat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Chanakarn Sripong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Saimai Chatree
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Rungnapa Sririwichitchai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Rd, Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Tripop Lertbunnaphong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Saleh J, Al-Maqbali M, Abdel-Hadi D. Role of Complement and Complement-Related Adipokines in Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Fat Storage. Compr Physiol 2019; 9:1411-1429. [PMID: 31688967 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c170037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue releases many cytokines and inflammatory factors described as adipokines. In obesity, adipokines released from expanding adipose tissue are implicated in disease progression and metabolic dysfunction. However, mechanisms controlling the progression of adiposity and metabolic complications are not fully understood. It has been suggested that expanding fat mass and sustained release of inflammatory adipokines in adipose tissue lead to hypoxia, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cellular damage. These changes trigger an immune response involving infiltration of adipose tissue with immune cells, complement activation and generation of factors involved in opsonization and clearance of damaged cells. Abundant evidence now indicates that adipose tissue is an active secretory source of complement and complement-related adipokines that, in addition to their inflammatory role, contribute to the regulation of metabolic function. This article highlights advances in knowledge regarding the role of these adipokines in energy regulation of adipose tissue through modulating lipogenic and lipolytic pathways. Several adipokines will be discussed including adipsin, Factor H, properdin, C3a, Acylation-Stimulating Protein, C1q/TNF-related proteins, and response gene to complement-32 (RGC-32). Interactions between these factors will be described considering their immune-metabolic roles in the adipose tissue microenvironment and their potential contribution to progression of adiposity and metabolic dysfunction. The differential expression and the role of complement factors in gender-related fat partitioning will also be addressed. Identifying lipogenic adipokines and their specific autocrine/paracrine roles may provide means for adipose-tissue-targeted therapeutic interventions that may disrupt the vicious circle of adiposity and disease progression. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:1411-1429, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jumana Saleh
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Muna Al-Maqbali
- Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Goodarzi G, Shirgir A, Alavi S, Khoshi A. Effect of insulin-glucose metabolism compared with obesity on adipose omentin gene expression in different models of diabetic C57BL/6 mice. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:65. [PMID: 31428203 PMCID: PMC6694498 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omentin, releasing by adipose-tissue may be related to glucose metabolism. The omentin circulating levels and the related mRNA expression in visceral adipose-tissue are different in types of diabetes and the exact function of this molecule is still unknown. The aim of this study was to examine omentin gene expression in adipose-tissues of type-1 and type-2 diabetic mice for the investigation of the effects of fat-mass and insulin-glucose metabolism. METHODS In this study, 36 C57BL/6 mice were divided into four experimental groups, including control, type-1 diabetes (inducted by streptozotocin), type-2 diabetes with obesity (high-fat diet + low-dose-streptozotocin [HFD + STZ]), and type-2 with normal weight (normal-pellet diet + low-dose-streptozotocin [NPD + STZ]). The present study involved the measurements of oral-glucose-tolerance-test and the levels of biochemical parameters, including blood glucose, omentin, insulin, lipid-profile, as well as aminotransferases. In addition, the omentin mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase-chain-reaction. RESULTS The results of omentin gene expression analysis showed a significant difference between mRNA expressions in the experimental groups. The plasma omentin levels were significantly higher in type-1 diabetes group and lower in type-2 diabetes with NPD + STZ; however, the plasma omentin levels were not changed in the HFD + STZ group. In addition, the findings of serum-biochemical analysis revealed significant differences, compared to the control-group. CONCLUSIONS The omentin expression may be affected by insulin and glucose levels in different types of diabetes more than fat-mass, and due to the local activity, the serum omentin may not comply with its gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Goodarzi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirreza Shirgir
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Sadegh Alavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Khoshi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Bonaventura A, Liberale L, Carbone F, Vecchié A, Bonomi A, Scopinaro N, Camerini GB, Papadia FS, Maggi D, Cordera R, Dallegri F, Adami G, Montecucco F. Baseline neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with long-term T2D remission after metabolic surgery. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:741-748. [PMID: 30993529 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabolic surgery is considered as a therapeutic option for obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In order to identify novel laboratory variables that could improve the selection of patients who might greatly benefit from a surgical approach, we focused on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a predictor of long-term T2D remission following metabolic surgery. METHODS Thirty-one obese patients with T2D included in this pilot study underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) at the Surgical Department of Genoa University, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genoa (Italy). Before surgery, serum samples were collected to evaluate blood count, glycemic profile, and circulating neutrophil degranulation products. RESULTS The median age was 56 years, median body mass index (BMI) was 32.37 kg/m2, and median glycated hemoglobin was 8.4%. White blood cell count was in a range of normality, with a median NLR of 1.97. By a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, NLR has been found to be significantly associated with T2D remission at 1, 3, and 5 years and the best cutoff of ≤ 1.97 has been identified by Youden index. When comparing study groups according to NLR cutoff, those with NLR ≤ 1.97 were older and underwent more often BPD. By a logistic regression analysis, NLR ≤ 1.97 has been found to predict T2D remission across 5 years, irrespective of baseline BMI. CONCLUSIONS A baseline low NLR is associated with long-term T2D remission in obese patients undergoing metabolic surgery, suggesting that circulating inflammatory cells (i.e., neutrophils) might negatively impact on T2D remission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| | - Luca Liberale
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, 12 Wagistrasse, 8952, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vecchié
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Alice Bonomi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Scopinaro
- International Federation of Surgery for Obesity, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bruno Camerini
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Papadia
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Maggi
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Renzo Cordera
- Diabetology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Adami
- International Federation of Surgery for Obesity, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery, University of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Deparment of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 6 Viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ruscitti P, Ursini F, Cipriani P, Greco M, Alvaro S, Vasiliki L, Di Benedetto P, Carubbi F, Berardicurti O, Gulletta E, De Sarro G, Giacomelli R. IL-1 inhibition improves insulin resistance and adipokines in rheumatoid arthritis patients with comorbid type 2 diabetes: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14587. [PMID: 30762811 PMCID: PMC6408058 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been shown that some well-known pathogenic mediators in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), could play a pathogenic role in insulin resistance and (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).In this 6-month longitudinal study, we aimed at investigating if the inhibition of IL-1 or TNF is associated with an improvement of IR in RA patients with comorbid T2D and the possible effects on selected serum adipokines. RA patients with comorbid T2D were recruited among those undergoing treatment with anakinra (ANA) or with TNF inhibitor (TNFi). The 1998-updated version of the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2) was used to calculate surrogate indexes of IR (HOMA2-IR) and steady-state beta cell function (%B) from fasting values of glucose and C-peptide. Glucagon, adiponectin, adipsin, leptin, and resistin were also measured. All these parameters were collected at baseline, after 3 and 6 months of treatment.ANA-treated patients showed a significant improvement in HOMA2-%β, HOMA2-IR, and glucagon. In TNFi-treated patients, no significant difference was observed analyzing these metabolic parameters. Adipsin and resistin decreased after 6 months in ANA-treated patients whereas, no difference was recognized analyzing adiponectin and leptin. In TNFi-treated patients, leptin and resistin significantly increased, whereas no difference was found analyzing adiponectin and adipsin, during the follow-up.Our data may suggest a beneficial effect of IL-1 inhibition on measures of metabolic derangement in RA-associated T2D. If further confirmed by larger studies, IL-1 targeting therapies may represent a tailored approach in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Ruscitti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Francesco Ursini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Marta Greco
- Clinical Pathology Unit, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Saverio Alvaro
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Liakouli Vasiliki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Paola Di Benedetto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Francesco Carubbi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Onorina Berardicurti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Elio Gulletta
- Clinical Pathology Unit, University of Catanzaro “Magna Graecia”, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Relationship of NEFA concentrations to RBP4 and to RBP4/retinol in prepubertal children with and without obesity. J Clin Lipidol 2019; 13:301-307. [PMID: 30773418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulation of adipose tissue metabolism in early childhood obesity is not well understood. Insulin levels are higher and insulin resistance seems to be present in prepubertal children with obesity but, differing from their behavior in adults with obesity, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations are not increased. Retinol-binding protein (RBP)-4 concentration is associated with obesity and insulin resistance conditions, but the means of this relationship remain unclear, and few studies have taken retinol values into account to evaluate it. OBJECTIVE To analyze the relationship between RBP4 concentration and lipolytic products in plasma in 141 prepubertal children aged 6 to 8 years, with and without obesity. METHODS Plasma glucose, insulin, triacylglycerols, NEFA, glycerol, leptin, RBP4, and retinol were analyzed in obese and in their normal-weight counterparts. Homeostatic model assessment, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and fasting glucose to insulin ratio were calculated as indicators of insulin resistance. RESULTS Fasted plasma NEFA concentrations were lower in children with obesity than in their normal weight counterparts, despite leptin, insulin resistance indices, RBP4, retinol, and RBP4/retinol (an index of free-RBP4) being higher. NEFA and glycerol concentrations were inversely correlated with RBP4/retinol in children with obesity but not in those without obesity. In normal weight children, total RBP4 correlated negatively with NEFA and glycerol concentrations and positively with insulin and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance. These results indicate that a low saturation of RBP4 with retinol, which implies a higher concentration of free-RBP4, may preserve the antilipolytic function of insulin in adipose tissue in children with obesity. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that, in prepubertal children with obesity and insulin resistance, the amount of RBP4/retinol correlates with the antilipolytic response of the adipose tissue to insulin rather than the total RBP4 concentration.
Collapse
|
46
|
Barbosa MA, de Sousa GG, de Castro UGM, Carneiro CM, Figueiredo VP, Guerra de Sá R, Santos RASD, Alzamora AC. Oral Ang-(1-7) treatment improves white adipose tissue remodeling and hypertension in rats with metabolic syndrome. Nutrition 2019; 67-68S:100004. [PMID: 34332714 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutx.2019.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) has preventive effects on metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of oral Ang-(1-7) on mean arterial pressure (MAP), insulin resistance (IR), inflammatory process, and remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT) in rats with established MetS. METHODS Rats were subjected to control (CT; AIN-93M) or high-fat (HF) diets for 13 wk to induce MetS and treated with Ang-(1-7) or vehicle (V) for the last 6 wk. At the end of 13 wk, MAP, biochemical and histological parameters, and uncoupling protein (UCP) and inflammatory gene expression were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS HF-V rats showed increased visceral fat deposition, inflammatory cytokine expression, hyperplasia, and hypertrophy in retroperitoneal (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). Additionally, the gastrocnemius muscle reduced UCP-3 and increased the UCP-1 expression in BAT. HF-V also elevated levels of plasma insulin, glucose, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) of IR and HOMA-β, and increased body mass, adiposity, and MAP. Ang-(1-7) treatment in rats with MetS [HF-Ang-(1-7)] reduced WAT area, number of adipocytes, and expression of proinflammatory adipokines in WAT and BAT and increased UCP-3 in gastrocnemius muscle and UCP-1 expression in BAT compared with the HF-V group. These events prevented body mass gain, reduced adiposity, and normalized fasting plasma glucose, insulin levels, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, and MAP. CONCLUSION Data from the present study demonstrated that oral Ang-(1-7) treatment is effective in restoring biochemical parameters and hypertension in established MetS by improving hypertrophy and hyperplasia in WAT and inflammation in adipose tissue, and regulating metabolic processes in the gastrocnemius muscle and BAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Andréa Barbosa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Renata Guerra de Sá
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Andréia Carvalho Alzamora
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
McGill JB, Johnson M, Hurst S, Cade WT, Yarasheski KE, Ostlund RE, Schechtman KB, Razani B, Kastan MB, McClain DA, de las Fuentes L, Davila-Roman VG, Ory DS, Wickline SA, Semenkovich CF. Low dose chloroquine decreases insulin resistance in human metabolic syndrome but does not reduce carotid intima-media thickness. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:61. [PMID: 31384309 PMCID: PMC6664523 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome, an obesity-related condition associated with insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation, leads to diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoarthritis, and other disorders. Optimal therapy is unknown. The antimalarial drug chloroquine activates the kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), improves metabolic syndrome and reduces atherosclerosis in mice. To translate this observation to humans, we conducted two clinical trials of chloroquine in people with the metabolic syndrome. METHODS Eligibility included adults with at least 3 criteria of metabolic syndrome but who did not have diabetes. Subjects were studied in the setting of a single academic health center. The specific hypothesis: chloroquine improves insulin sensitivity and decreases atherosclerosis. In Trial 1, the intervention was chloroquine dose escalations in 3-week intervals followed by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. Trial 2 was a parallel design randomized clinical trial, and the intervention was chloroquine, 80 mg/day, or placebo for 1 year. The primary outcomes were clamp determined-insulin sensitivity for Trial 1, and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) for Trial 2. For Trial 2, subjects were allocated based on a randomization sequence using a protocol in blocks of 8. Participants, care givers, and those assessing outcomes were blinded to group assignment. RESULTS For Trial 1, 25 patients were studied. Chloroquine increased hepatic insulin sensitivity without affecting glucose disposal, and improved serum lipids. For Trial 2, 116 patients were randomized, 59 to chloroquine (56 analyzed) and 57 to placebo (51 analyzed). Chloroquine had no effect on CIMT or carotid contrast enhancement by MRI, a pre-specified secondary outcome. The pre-specified secondary outcomes of blood pressure, lipids, and activation of JNK (a stress kinase implicated in diabetes and atherosclerosis) were decreased by chloroquine. Adverse events were similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that low dose chloroquine, which improves the metabolic syndrome through ATM-dependent mechanisms in mice, modestly improves components of the metabolic syndrome in humans but is unlikely to be clinically useful in this setting.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00455325, NCT00455403), both posted 03 April 2007.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janet B. McGill
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8127, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Mariko Johnson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8127, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Stacy Hurst
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8127, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - William T. Cade
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Kevin E. Yarasheski
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8127, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Richard E. Ostlund
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8127, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | | | - Babak Razani
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Michael B. Kastan
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Donald A. McClain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | | | | | - Daniel S. Ory
- Cardiovascular Division, Washington University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | | | - Clay F. Semenkovich
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8127, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Payahoo L, Khajebishak Y, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ostadrahimi A. Oleoylethanolamide Supplementation Reduces Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Obese People: A Clinical Trial. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:479-487. [PMID: 30276145 PMCID: PMC6156479 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Obesity as a serious public health problem worldwide, results in the incidence of many chronic diseases. Obesity has been recognized as a chronic low-grade inflammation disorder. Altered endocannabinoid system tone is also involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of oleoylethanolamide supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress in obese people. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was carried out on 60 healthy obese people in 2016 in Tabriz, Iran. Eligible subjects were randomly divided into intervention (received daily, two 125 mg OEA capsules) and control groups (the same amounts of starch) and treated for 8 weeks. Blood samples (5 ml) were taken in fasting state at the baseline and at the end of the study. The concentrations of MDA and TAS were measured using a spectrophotometer. A high sensitive-C reactive protein level was measured by Immunoturbidimetry assay using the commercial kit. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were assayed by the ELISA method. The differences between groups were assessed by ANCOVA and statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. Results: Analysis was done on 56 participants who continued intervention until the end of the study. A significant decrease in the IL-6 and TNF-α serum concentrations was observed in the intervention group (p<0.001). Changes in other variables were undetectable (p>0.05). Conclusion: The use of OEA as a complementary pharmacotherapy agent could be effective in improving inflammation and oxidative stress in obese people. Future studies are needed to confirm the obtained results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Payahoo
- Talented Student Center, Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yaser Khajebishak
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Study of salivary and serum vaspin and total antioxidants in anorexia nervosa. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2837-2845. [PMID: 29445881 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are primarily at high risk of multiple somatic complications, including oral diseases. In recent years, a number of new molecules that may play a potentially important role in AN progress and prognosis have been identified in saliva, but their exact roles are still poorly understood. Two such group of substances are antioxidants and vaspin. The purpose of this observational, cross-sectional study was to measure both the salivary and serum total antioxidant status (TAS), and vaspin (VASP) concentrations of patients with AN in comparison to an average population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ninety subjects participated (30 patients with AN, 60 matched healthy control subjects). A clinical examination was made, and blood and salivary samples were taken during the acute stage of AN (BMI < 15 kg/m2) in the first week of hospitalization. Enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) suitable for measuring VASP and colorimetric assay for TAS were used. RESULTS Anorexic patients had significant reductions in salivary flow, TAS, and an elevation in VASP levels in their saliva and serum. Significant correlations between TAS, VASP, salivary flow, and nutritional status were detected. CONCLUSION Determination of TAS and VASP in combined biological material confirmed that saliva might be a reliable non-invasive source of information for potent nutritional biomarkers. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our findings suggest that VASP cannot be excluded, as its increased concentration in saliva is an adaptive mechanism in reduced TAS, one resulting from diminished salivary secretion. It is therefore worth conducting further research aimed at recognizing the role of TAS and VASP in the saliva of underweight patients.
Collapse
|
50
|
Molecular Mechanisms of Vaspin Action - From Adipose Tissue to Skin and Bone, from Blood Vessels to the Brain. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1111:159-188. [PMID: 30051323 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) or SERPINA12 according to the serpin nomenclature was identified together with other genes and gene products that were specifically expressed or overexpressed in the intra-abdominal or visceral adipose tissue (AT) of the Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rat. These rats spontaneously develop visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and -glycemia, as well as hypertension and thus represent a well suited animal model of obesity and related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes.The follow-up study reporting the cloning, expression and functional characterization of vaspin suggested the great and promising potential of this molecule to counteract obesity induced insulin resistance and inflammation and has since initiated over 300 publications, clinical and experimental, that have contributed to uncover the multifaceted functions and molecular mechanisms of vaspin action not only in the adipose, but in many different cells, tissues and organs. This review will give an update on mechanistic and structural aspects of vaspin with a focus on its serpin function, the physiology and regulation of vaspin expression, and will summarize the latest on vaspin function in various tissues such as the different adipose tissue depots as well as the vasculature, skin, bone and the brain.
Collapse
|