1
|
Gao Y, Hao Z, Zhang H, Liu J, Zhou G, Wen H, Su Q, Tong C, Huang S, Wang X. Forsythiaside A attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse mastitis by activating autophagy and regulating gut microbiota and metabolism. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111044. [PMID: 38729284 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary gland with a high incidence in lactating animals, significantly impacting their health and breastfeeding. Moreover, mastitis adversely affects milk quality and yield, resulting in substantial economic losses for the dairy farming industry. Forsythiaside A (FTA), a phenylethanol glycoside analog extracted from Forsythia, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, its protective effects and specific mechanisms against mastitis remain unclear. In this study, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mastitis model was used to investigate the protective effect of FTA on LPS-induced mastitis and its potential mechanism using histological assays, Western blot, qRT-PCR, FITC-albumin permeability test, 16s rRNA gene sequencing analysis and non-targeted metabolomics assays to investigate the protective effect of FTA on LPS-induced mastitis model and its potential mechanism. The results demonstrated that FTA significantly mitigated LPS-induced mouse mastitis by reducing inflammation and apoptosis levels, modulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, inducing autophagy, and enhancing antioxidant capacity and the expression of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, FTA increased the abundance of beneficial microbiota while decreasing the levels of harmful microbiota in mice, thus counteracting the gut microbiota disruption induced by LPS stimulation. Intestinal metabolomics analysis revealed that FTA primarily regulated LPS-induced metabolite alterations through key metabolic pathways, such as tryptophan metabolism. This study confirms the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of FTA on mouse mastitis, which are associated with key metabolic pathways, including the restoration of gut microbiota balance and the regulation of tryptophan metabolism. These findings provide a novel foundation for the treatment and prevention of mammalian mastitis using FTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkui Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Zhonghua Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Huaqiang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Guangwei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Haojie Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Qing Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Chao Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| | - Xuebing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China; Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun X, Hou J, Ni T, Xu Z, Yan W, Kong L, Zhang Q. MCC950 attenuates plasma cell mastitis in an MDSC-dependent manner. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111803. [PMID: 38460298 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Plasma cell mastitis (PCM) is a sterile inflammatory condition primarily characterized by periductal inflammation and ductal ectasia. Currently, there is a lack of non-invasive or minimally invasive treatment option other than surgical intervention. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of various inflammatory diseases, however, its involvement in PCM has not yet been reported. In this study, we initially observed the pronounced upregulation of NLRP3 in both human and mouse PCM tissue and elucidated the mechanism underlying the attenuation of PCM through inhibition of NLRP3. We established the PCM murine model and collected samples on day 14, when inflammation reached its peak, for subsequent research purposes. MCC950, an NLRP3 inhibitor, was utilized to effectively ameliorate PCM by significantly reducing plasma cell infiltration in mammary tissue, as well as attenuate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-6. Mechanistically, we observed that MCC950 augmented the function of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), which in turn inhibited the infiltration of plasma cells. Furthermore, it was noted that depleting MDSCs greatly compromised the therapeutic efficacy of MCC950. Collectively, our findings suggest that the administration of MCC950 has the potential to impede the progression of PCM by augmenting MDSCs both numerically and functionally, ultimately treating PCM effectively. This study provides valuable insights into the utilization of pharmacological agents for PCM treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Junchen Hou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tianyi Ni
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zibo Xu
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Hepatobiliary/Liver Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Key Laboratory of Living Donor Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang L, Chen S, Liu S, Biu AM, Han Y, Jin X, Liang C, Liu Y, Li J, Fang S, Chang Y. A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, chemical constituents, pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and quality control of gardeniae fructus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 320:117397. [PMID: 37956915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gardeniae Fructus (GF), the desiccative mature fruitage of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis (G. jasminoides), belongs to the Rubiaceae family. It has abundant medicinal value, such as purging fire and eliminating annoyance, clearing heat and diuresis, cooling blood, and detoxifying. GF is usually used in combination with other drugs to treat diseases such as fever and jaundice in damp heat syndrome in traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) clinical practice. THE AIM OF THE REVIEW This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress in botany, traditional medical use, processing method, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology, which aims to provide a scientific basis for the rational application and future research of GF. MATERIALS AND METHODS ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Embase, Scopus etc. databases were retrieved to gain the comprehensive information of GF. RESULTS At present, more than 215 compounds were isolated and identified from GF, including iridoids, diterpenes, triterpenoids, flavonoids, organic esters, and so on. The traditional application of GF mainly focused on clearing heat and detoxification. Pharmacological studies proved that GF had anti-inflammatory, antioxidation, antifatigue, antithrombotic, liver and gallbladder protection, and other pharmacological effects. In addition, many improved processing methods can alleviate the side effects and toxic reactions caused by long-term use of GF, so controlling its quality through multi-component content measurement has become an important means of research. CONCLUSION GF has a wide range of applications, the mechanisms by which some effective substances exert their pharmacological effects have not been clearly explained due to the complexity and diversity of its components. This review systematically elaborates on the traditional medical use, processing method, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, quality control, and toxicology of GF, and it is expected to become a candidate drug for treating diseases, such as depression, pancreatitis, alcoholic or non-alcoholic fatty liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Suyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Abdulmumin Muhammad Biu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yuli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xingyue Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Shiming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Yanxu Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lingxia Z, Hong W, Man G, Xinzhou W, Lili W, Zhimin W, Liping D, Erping X. Rabdosichuanin C inhibits productions of pro-inflammatory mediators regulated by NF-κB signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:1667-1684. [PMID: 37850620 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pharyngitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease of the pharyngeal mucosa and its lymphatic tissues that is difficult to treat clinically. However, research on the exact therapeutic agents and molecular mechanisms of CP is still unclear. In this study, we investigated Rabdosichuanin C (RC) to attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory damage in RAW264.7 cells by a combination of targeted virtual screening and in vitro activity assay and further clarified its molecular mechanism of action centering on the IκB/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Molecular docking and pharmacophore simulation methods were used to screen compounds with IκB inhibitory effects. Expression of genes and proteins related to the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway by RC in LPS-induced inflammatory injury model of RAW264.7 cells was detected by PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot. The docking of RC with IκB protein showed good binding energy, and pharmacophore simulations further confirmed the active effect of RC in inhibiting IκB protein. RC intervention in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells significantly reduced the expression levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukins-6, iNOS, and CD-86 at the messenger RNA and protein levels, downregulated IκB, p65 protein phosphorylation levels, and significantly inhibited IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway activation. Virtual screening provided us with an effective method to rapidly identify compounds RC that target inhibit the action of IκB, and the activity results showed that RC inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway activation. It is suggested that RC may play a role in the treatment of CP by inhibiting the IκB/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Lingxia
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wu Hong
- Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Gong Man
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Xinzhou
- Laboratory of Cell Imaging, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Lili
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wang Zhimin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dai Liping
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Erping
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials in Henan Province, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao Y, Lin L, Tang W, Shen Y, Chen F, Li N, Wang B. Pretreatment with geniposide mitigates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating inflammatory response through TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Eur J Histochem 2023; 67:3742. [PMID: 37682077 PMCID: PMC10518652 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2023.3742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Geniposide (GEN), a medical herb, is known for its therapeutic applications in cardiovascular diseases, though its efficacy in treating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is yet to be fully elucidated. This study is an endeavor to explore the potential protective mechanism of GEN against MI/RI. To simulate the MI/RI condition, the left anterior descending artery was occluded for 30 min, followed by a reperfusion period of 120 min in a rat model. Three dosages (50, 100, or 150 mg/kg) of GEN were intraperitoneally injected to the Sprague-Dawley rats once a day, for seven days before the ligation of the artery. The rats were categorized into sham group, MI/RI group, and three different dosages GEN-treated groups. As the results showed, the pretreatment with GEN mitigated myocardial injury, reduced infarct volume, inhibited apoptosis, enhanced superoxide dismutase activity, and decreased malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase activity, as well as serum creatine kinase-MB and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Moreover, GEN ameliorated MI/RI by downregulating protein expression of toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88, and p-nuclear factor-κB. In conclusion, the pretreatment of GEN may be considered as a potential therapeutic option for MI/RI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Yao
- Department of General Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Leqing Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Wenxue Tang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Yueliang Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Fayu Chen
- Department of General Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| | - Baiyong Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li X, Xu C, Liang B, Kastelic JP, Han B, Tong X, Gao J. Alternatives to antibiotics for treatment of mastitis in dairy cows. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1160350. [PMID: 37404775 PMCID: PMC10315858 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1160350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is considered the costliest disease on dairy farms and also adversely affects animal welfare. As treatment (and to a lesser extent prevention) of mastitis rely heavily on antibiotics, there are increasing concerns in veterinary and human medicine regarding development of antimicrobial resistance. Furthermore, with genes conferring resistance being capable of transfer to heterologous strains, reducing resistance in strains of animal origin should have positive impacts on humans. This article briefly reviews potential roles of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), herbal medicines, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), bacteriophages and their lytic enzymes, vaccination and other emerging therapies for prevention and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows. Although many of these approaches currently lack proven therapeutic efficacy, at least some may gradually replace antibiotics, especially as drug-resistant bacteria are proliferating globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingchun Liang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - John P. Kastelic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofang Tong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sheng H, Zhang J, Pan C, Wang S, Gu S, Li F, Ma Y, Ma Y. Genome-wide identification of bovine ADAMTS gene family and analysis of its expression profile in the inflammatory process of mammary epithelial cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125304. [PMID: 37315674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS) are secreted, multi-domain matrix-related zinc endopeptidases that play a role in organogenesis, assembly and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM), cancer and inflammation. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the bovine ADAMTS gene family has not yet been carried out. In this study, 19 ADAMTS family genes were identified in Bos taurus by genome-wide bioinformatics analysis, and they were unevenly distributed on 12 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the Bos taurus ADAMTS are divided into eight subfamilies, with highly consistent gene structures and motifs within the same subfamily. Collinearity analysis showed that the Bos taurus ADAMTS gene family is homologous to other bovine subfamily species, and many ADAMTS genes may be derived from tandem replication and segmental replication. In addition, based on the analysis of RNA-seq data, we found the expression pattern of ADAMTS gene in different tissues. Meanwhile, we also analyzed the expression profile of ADAMTS gene in the inflammatory response of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) stimulated by LPS by qRT-PCR. The results can provide ideas for understanding the evolutionary relationship and expression pattern of ADAMTS gene in Bovidae, and clarify the theoretical basis of the function of ADAMTS in inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sheng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Junxing Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Cuili Pan
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Shuzhe Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Shuaifeng Gu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Fen Li
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yanfen Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tian G, Gao M, Li C, Shen F, Zhu F, Li X, Wang Y, Bao B, Zhang L, Huo Z, Yao W. A Comprehensive Strategy Based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS for the Identification of Compounds in a Chinese Patent Medicine, Xiao'er Chiqiao Qingre Granules. J Chromatogr Sci 2022; 61:38-55. [PMID: 35373835 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish a comprehensive strategy based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to potently identify as many compounds of Chinese patent medicine as possible. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) was used to qualitatively analyze the Chinese patent medicine Xiao'er Chiqiao Qingre Granules (XCQG), which is recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. A novel strategy, including targeted, semi-targeted and non-targeted identification, was built to explore the compounds based on accurate mass, characteristic fragments, retention time of standard substances, databases or literature. Based on the integrated identification, 250 compounds were identified in total, including 7 alcohols, 3 aldehydes, 17 alkaloids, 9 amino acids, 10 coumarins, 30 flavonoids, 29 glycosides, 12 ketones, 7 lignans, 20 organic acids, 12 phenols, 11 phenylpropanoids, 9 quinones, 3 steroids, 26 terpenes, 14 volatile oils and 31 other compounds. A novel strategy for the identification of compounds in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was developed with Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS). It is also the first systematic study of compounds in XCQG, laying a foundation for further mechanism research of XCQG. More importantly, the strategy shows good application prospect in identifying compounds of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Tian
- Jumpcan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Taixing, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Mengting Gao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Jumpcan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Taixing, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Fei Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Beihua Bao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Zongli Huo
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Yao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao Y, Cao Y, Yang X, Guo M, Wang C, Zhang Z, Zhang Q, Huang X, Sun M, Xi C, Tangthianchaichana J, Bai J, Du S, Lu Y. Network pharmacology-based prediction and verification of the active ingredients and potential targets of Huagan Decoction for reflux esophagitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 298:115629. [PMID: 35988839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Huagan Decoction (HGD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used in the treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE). However, its effective compounds, potential targets and molecular mechanism remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate effective compounds, potential targets and molecular mechanism of HGD against RE by using network pharmacology combined with in vitro validation, with the aims of observing the action of HGD and exploring new therapeutic strategies for RE treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Effective compounds and potential targets of HGD, as well as related genes of RE, were collected from public databases. Pharmacological clustering and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis were applied to find targets that involving in the anti-inflammatory module. The pathways were drawn using Cytoscape 3.8.0. Important ingredients, potential targets, and signaling pathways were determined through the construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI), GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, cell experiments were carried out. RESULTS A total of 54 active ingredients and 240 RE-related gene targets of HGD were identified. The active compound-target network was visualized and pharmacological clustering further sorted 53 proteins that involve in the regulation of inflammatory responses. GO analysis confirmed the classification was statistically significant. Analysis of compound-target network revealed that quercetin and geniposide may be key ingredients for the anti-inflammatory effect of HGD against RE. The potential targets regulated by HGD are IL-6, IL-1β, PTGS2, AKT1, TNF-α, MAPK1, IL-8, IL-10, CCL2 and MAPK3. In vitro experiment showed that quercetin and geniposide could inhibit the inflammatory response of HET-1A cells through p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which was consistent with the prediction by the network pharmacology approach. CONCLUSIONS Geniposide and quercetin could be effective therapeutic ingredients for the HGD against RE. They play anti-inflammatory effects via down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokines and the conduction of p38MAPK/NF-κB signal. This research provides a comprehensive study on the active components, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of HGD against RE. Moreover, the study supplies a feasible approach to reveal the mechanisms of TCM formula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueying Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanfeng Cao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xueying Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Mingxue Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Changhai Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Zekang Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xingyue Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Cheng Xi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | | | - Jie Bai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Shouying Du
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fan J, Jia F, Liu Y, Zhou X. Astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside IV alleviate inflammation in bovine mammary epithelial cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271598. [PMID: 35877777 PMCID: PMC9312414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates cell renewal and repair and is closely associated with inflammation. Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) and astragaloside IV (AS-IV), which are the main active substances extracted from Radix Astragali, protect cells by regulating Wnt signaling in cells, exerting antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antistress effects. However, the mechanisms by which APS and AS-IV interact with Wnt signaling to achieve their therapeutic effects in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) are not understood. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMECs as an in vitro model of inflammation to investigate the effects of APS and AS-IV on Wnt signaling in inflamed BMECs. Drug concentrations were screened using the CCK-8 method, the effect on protein expression was analyzed using immunoblotting, the effect on inflammatory factors using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect on oxidative factors using enzyme labeling and flow cytometry. LPS activated the expression of inflammatory and oxidative factors in cells and inhibited Wnt/β-catenin signaling. APS and AS-IV antagonized the inhibitory effect of LPS, protecting BMECs. They inhibited the expression of the IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α inflammatory factors, and that of the MDA oxidative factor, and activated Wnt signaling in LPS-stimulated BMECs. Silencing of β-catenin abolished the protective effect of APS and AS-IV against LPS-stimulated BMECs. Thus, APS and AS-IV mediate protective effects in inflammatory BMECs model through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Wnt signaling pathway is one of the targets of the inhibitory effects of APS and AS-IV on inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Fan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Fang Jia
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Xuezhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for the Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources of Western China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang MX, Wang MM, Liu C, Chen JS, Liu JS, Guo X, Zhang MQ, Zhang J, Sun JY, Liao ZX. A geniposide-phospholipid complex ameliorates posthyperuricemia chronic kidney disease induced by inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 930:175157. [PMID: 35870480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a common metabolic disease and is one of the factors that could induce chronic kidney disease (CKD). Geniposide (GEN) is a typical natural iridoid glucoside compound with a series of biological activities, but the poor bioavailability of GEN limits its clinical application. In this context, the pharmacological activity of the geniposide-phospholipid complex (GEN-PLC) in ameliorating posthyperuricemia CKD was evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments in this study. In vitro cell experiments showed that GEN-PLC treatment markedly decreased inflammatory cytokine levels and reactive oxygen species levels compared with those of GEN in uric acid-treated HKC cells. In vivo research results confirmed that a high concentration of uric acid could cause CKD by increasing inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species in hyperuricemic mice. At the same time, GEN-PLC could regulate the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways to effectively inhibit the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, thereby ameliorating posthyperuricemia CKD, and the therapeutic effect was better than that of GEN. In addition, the preparation technology of GEN-PLC was optimized, and the physiochemical analysis explained the intermolecular interactions of the two components. Based on the research results, GEN-PLC could enhance the bioavailability of GEN and become a promising candidate for clinical drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Xuan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China
| | - Min-Min Wang
- Taian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Tai'an, 271000, PR China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Jia-Shu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Jian-Shu Liu
- Shanxi Functional Food Engineering Center Co. Ltd, Xian, 710000, PR China
| | - Xu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Meng-Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Jin-Yue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province, Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Xin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tian J, Qin S, Han J, Meng J, Liang A. A review of the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Fructus Gardeniae (Zhi-zi). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:114984. [PMID: 35066066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fructus Gardeniae (FG) is the dried fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (GjE), which belongs to the family Rubiaceae. FG has a long history of use as a herb, and was originally recorded in Sheng Nong's herbal classic. FG has also been widely used as both medicine and food. AIM OF STUDY This review aimed to provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the current research progress of FG in terms of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicity, to provide new insights and extensive field of view for subsequent studies. METHODS Scientific databases, including CNKI, VIP (Chinese literature), PubMed, Science Direct, Elsevier and Google Scholar (English literatures) were searched to gather data about FG and its main active ingredients such as geniposide and genipin (only regarding toxicity). RESULTS Many chemical constituents have been identified from the fruit of GjE, including iridoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, organic acids, volatile oils and others. The constituents of different parts of FG and processed FG are different from those of whole FG. FG extract and its main active constituents have been reported to have pharmacological properties such as hepatoprotective, choleretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-apoptotic and antitumor activities. However, an increasing number of studies have shown that FG induces multiple organ injury, especially causing hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, which could increase the risk during clinical use. The available literature shows that geniposide, a major active component of FG and a critical marker for its quality, is associated with the pharmacology and toxicity of FG. CONCLUSION Although a large number of studies examining FG have been published, issues remain. In the aspect of FG's pharmacology, the traditional efficacy and modern pharmacological effects of FG should be combined, which to broadens clinical application prospects. In addition, few studies have assessed the toxicity of FG. Toxicity assessment of FG should tackle various aspects, including compatibility, processing and the symptom-based prescription theory, in addition to over-dosage or long-term use, for a reasonable clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhuo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Shasha Qin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jiayin Han
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Aihua Liang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, , No. 16 Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimen Nei Ave, Beijing, 100700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang JJ, Wang X, Xian YE, Chen ZQ, Sun YP, Fu YW, Wu ZK, Li PX, Zhou ES, Yang ZT. The JMJD3 histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J1 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in a mastitis model. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102017. [PMID: 35526564 PMCID: PMC9168612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
14
|
Wang N, Zhu Y, Li D, Basang W, Huang Y, Liu K, Luo Y, Chen L, Li C, Zhou X. 2-Methyl Nonyl Ketone From Houttuynia Cordata Thunb Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Chem 2022; 9:793475. [PMID: 35174140 PMCID: PMC8842123 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.793475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most common diseases in dairy cows, causing huge economic losses to the dairy industry every year. Houttuynia Cordata Thunb (H.cordata) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is widely used in clinical treatment. However, the therapeutic effect of 2-methyl nonyl ketone (MNK), the main volatile oil component in the aqueous vapor extract of H. cordata, on mastitis has been less studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect and mechanism of MNK against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis in vitro. The results showed that MNK pretreatment of the bovine mammary epithelial cell line (MAC-T) enhanced cell viability and inhibited LPS-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and inflammatory response. MNK reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by repressing LPS-induced activation of Toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor-κB (TLR4-NF-κB) signaling pathway. In addition, MNK protected cells from inflammatory responses by blocking the downstream signaling of inflammatory factors. MNK also induced Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) production by Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway through AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, thereby reducing LPS-induced oxidative damage for MAC-T cells. In conclusion, MNK played a protective role against LPS-induced cell injury. This provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of MNK as a novel therapeutic agent for mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbin Zhu
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Institute of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, Lhasa, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wangdui Basang
- Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Institute of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry, Lhasa, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa, China
| | - Yiqiu Huang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kening Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Luo
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chunjin Li, ; Xu Zhou,
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Chunjin Li, ; Xu Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Crocetin Exerts Its Anti-inflammatory Property in LPS-Induced RAW264.7 Cells Potentially via Modulation on the Crosstalk between MEK1/JNK/NF- κB/iNOS Pathway and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6631929. [PMID: 34545298 PMCID: PMC8449229 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Crocetin is a main bioactive component with a carotenoid skeleton in Gardenia jasminoides, a typical traditional Chinese medicine with a long history in Southeast Asia. Crocetin is being commonly consumed as spices, dyes, and food colorants. Recent pharmacological studies had implied that crocetin may possess potent anti-inflammatory properties; however, the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully elucidated. In the present study, the regulatory effect of crocetin on redox balance was systematically investigated in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that crocetin dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in RAW264.7 cells. Molecular data revealed that crocetin exerted its anti-inflammatory property by inhibiting the MEK1/JNK/NF-κB/iNOS pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The shRNA-knockdown (KD) of MEK1 and ERK1 confirmed that the activation of MEK1 and inhibition of JNK mediated the anti-inflammatory effect of crocetin. Moreover, the pull-down assay and computational molecule docking showed that crocetin could directly bind to MEK1 and JNK1/2. It is noticed that both KD and knockout (KO) of HO-1 gene blocked this action. More detailed data have shown that HO-1-KO blocked the inhibition of p-IκB-α by crocetin. These data indicated that crocetin exerted its anti-inflammatory property via modulating the crosstalk between the MEK1/JNK/NF-κB/iNOS pathway and the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, highlighting HO-1 as a major player. Therefore, the present study reveals that crocetin can act as a potential candidate for redox-balancing modulation in charge of its anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive effect, which strengthens its potency in the subsequent clinic application in the near future.
Collapse
|
16
|
Evodiamine Relieve LPS-Induced Mastitis by Inhibiting AKT/NF-κB p65 and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2021; 45:129-142. [PMID: 34401976 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Evodiamine, an alkaloid component in the fruit of Evodia, has been shown to have biological functions such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. But whether evodiamine plays an improvement role on mastitis has not been studied. To investigate the effect and mechanism of evodiamine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis was the purpose of this study. In animal experiments, the mouse mastitis model was established by injecting LPS into the canals of the mammary gland. The results showed that evodiamine could significantly relieve the pathological injury of breast tissue and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the activation of inflammation-related pathways such as AKT, NF-κB p65, ERK1/2, p38, and JNK. In cell experiments, the mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) were incubated with evodiamine for 1 h and then stimulated with LPS. Next, pro-inflammatory mediators and inflammation-related signal pathways were detected. As expected, our results showed that evodiamine notably ameliorated the inflammatory reaction and inhibit the activation of related signaling pathways of mMECs. All the results suggested that evodiamine inhibited inflammation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κBp65, ERK1/2, p38, and JNK thus the LPS-induced mastitis was ameliorated. These findings suggest that evodiamine maybe a potential drug for mastitis because of its anti-inflammatory effects.
Collapse
|
17
|
Efficacy and Safety of Modified Huang-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction Cream on Cancer Patients with Skin Side Effects Caused by EGFR Inhibition. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The epidermal growth factor inhibitors (EGFRIs)/tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are effective for cancer target therapy, but acneiform rashes or so-called inflammatory papulopustular exanthemas are common (50% to 90%). The conventional therapy for EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin toxicity is steroids and antibacterial drugs, but it is still ineffective for some patients, and EGFRIs/TKIs dose reduction/interruption may be needed. In this study, a modified Chinese herbal medicine, Huang-Lian-Jie-Du decoction cream with Yin-Cold (YC) medicine characteristic, was investigated for the effect on patients suffering EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin toxicity. (2) Methods: The modified Huang-Lian-Jie-Du (mHLJD) decoction cream was made from 10 herbal medicines, including 4 major medicines (Huanglian, Huangqin, Huangbo, and Zhizi) in traditional HLJD decoction. Patients with EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin toxicity were enrolled. Patients were excluded if they also used other cream for skin toxicity. Skin conditions were monitored by follow up every 2 weeks. The patients’ characteristics, the skin toxicities, treatment response, and adverse events were recorded and analyzed until skin problems resolved or the study ended. (3) Results: The mHLJD decoction cream and its sub-packages were stored at 4 °C before use. Thirty-four patients who had grade 1–3 skin toxicities after receiving EGFRIs/TKIs were enrolled. Seven patients withdrew or were excluded. Finally, data from 27 patients were analyzed. The mean grade of rash acneiform was significantly decreased from 2.19 (ranged 1 to 3) to 0.88 (ranged 0 to 2) after mHLJD decoction cream treatment for 4 weeks and to 0.55 (ranged 0 to 2) after mHLJD decoction cream treatment for 8 weeks. Additionally, the mean grade of dry skin was also significantly decreased from 1.57 (ranged 1 to 2) to 0.71 (ranged 0 to 1) after mHLJD decoction cream treatment for 4 weeks. The changes of skin toxicity were significant, with no obvious adverse events. (4) Conclusions: In summary, the mHLJD decoction cream provides benefits for alleviation of EGFRIs/TKIs-induced skin rash acneiform and dry skin. Additionally, no obvious side effects were found in patients using mHLJD decoction cream.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jaiswal S, Jagannadham J, Kumari J, Iquebal MA, Gurjar AKS, Nayan V, Angadi UB, Kumar S, Kumar R, Datta TK, Rai A, Kumar D. Genome Wide Prediction, Mapping and Development of Genomic Resources of Mastitis Associated Genes in Water Buffalo. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:593871. [PMID: 34222390 PMCID: PMC8253262 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.593871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) are an important animal resource that contributes milk, meat, leather, dairy products, and power for plowing and transport. However, mastitis, a bacterial disease affecting milk production and reproduction efficiency, is most prevalent in populations having intensive selection for higher milk yield, especially where the inbreeding level is also high. Climate change and poor hygiene management practices further complicate the issue. The management of this disease faces major challenges, like antibiotic resistance, maximum residue level, horizontal gene transfer, and limited success in resistance breeding. Bovine mastitis genome wide association studies have had limited success due to breed differences, sample sizes, and minor allele frequency, lowering the power to detect the diseases associated with SNPs. In this work, we focused on the application of targeted gene panels (TGPs) in screening for candidate gene association analysis, and how this approach overcomes the limitation of genome wide association studies. This work will facilitate the targeted sequencing of buffalo genomic regions with high depth coverage required to mine the extremely rare variants potentially associated with buffalo mastitis. Although the whole genome assembly of water buffalo is available, neither mastitis genes are predicted nor TGP in the form of web-genomic resources are available for future variant mining and association studies. Out of the 129 mastitis associated genes of cattle, 101 were completely mapped on the buffalo genome to make TGP. This further helped in identifying rare variants in water buffalo. Eighty-five genes were validated in the buffalo gene expression atlas, with the RNA-Seq data of 50 tissues. The functions of 97 genes were predicted, revealing 225 pathways. The mastitis proteins were used for protein-protein interaction network analysis to obtain additional cross-talking proteins. A total of 1,306 SNPs and 152 indels were identified from 101 genes. Water Buffalo-MSTdb was developed with 3-tier architecture to retrieve mastitis associated genes having genomic coordinates with chromosomal details for TGP sequencing for mining of minor alleles for further association studies. Lastly, a web-genomic resource was made available to mine variants of targeted gene panels in buffalo for mastitis resistance breeding in an endeavor to ensure improved productivity and the reproductive efficiency of water buffalo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Jaiswal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaisri Jagannadham
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Juli Kumari
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Kishor Singh Gurjar
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Varij Nayan
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India
| | - Ulavappa B Angadi
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Tirtha Kumar Datta
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Dairy research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Anil Rai
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang N, Zhou C, Basang W, Zhu Y, Wang X, Li C, Chen L, Zhou X. Mechanisms by which mastitis affects reproduction in dairy cow: A review. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:1165-1175. [PMID: 34008236 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive performance is a key factor in determining the profitability of dairy farm, which is affected by many factors such as environment and diseases. Mastitis is a common and important disease, which has caused huge economic losses to the dairy industries worldwide. Mammary gland infection causes immune responses, resulting in the abnormal secretion of cytokines and hormones and abnormal function of the reproductive system such as the ovary, corpus luteum, uterus and embryo. Cows with mastitis have delayed oestrus, decreased pregnancy rate and increased risk of abortion. The adverse effects of mastitis on reproductive performance are affected by many factors, such as occurrence time, pathogen and cow factors. This paper primarily reviews the progress in the effects and mechanisms of mastitis on reproductive performance, with emphasis on maternal transcriptome, genomic analysis, epigenetic modification, microbiota, inflammatory regulation and immune evasion mechanism of mastitis, aiming to provide directions for the prevention and control of mastitis in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Changhai Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wangdui Basang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa Tibet, China
| | - Yanbin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa Tibet, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen J, Tchivelekete GM, Zhou X, Tang W, Liu F, Liu M, Zhao C, Shu X, Zeng Z. Anti-inflammatory activities of Gardenia jasminoides extracts in retinal pigment epithelial cells and zebrafish embryos. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:700. [PMID: 34007309 PMCID: PMC8120509 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Inflammation serves a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Gardenia jasminoides is found in several regions of China and is traditionally used as an organic yellow dye but has also been widely used as a therapeutic agent in numerous diseases, including inflammation, depression, hepatic and vascular disorders, which may reflect the variability of functional compounds that are present in Gardenia jasminoides extracts (GJE). To investigate the therapeutic potential of GJE for AMD, ARPE-19 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS plus GJE. GJE significantly decreased LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. In the in vivo study, GJE inhibited CuSO4-induced migration of primitive macrophages to the lateral line in zebrafish embryos. GJE also attenuated expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), NFKB activating protein (nkap) and TLR4 in ARPE-19 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of GJE in vitro and in vivo, and suggested GJE as a therapeutic candidate for AMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | | | - Xinzhi Zhou
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Weizhuo Tang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Minzhuo Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Shu
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.,Department of Vision Science, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Zeng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control Aquatic Animals, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li S, Cheng CS, Zhang C, Tang GY, Tan HY, Chen HY, Wang N, Lai AYK, Feng Y. Edible and Herbal Plants for the Prevention and Management of COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:656103. [PMID: 33995078 PMCID: PMC8113769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.656103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The outbreak of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has now become a global pandemic spreading throughout the world. Unfortunately, due to the high infectiousness of the novel β-coronavirus, it is very likely to become an ordinary epidemic. The development of dietary supplements and functional foods might provide a strategy for the prevention and management of COVID-19. Scope and Approach: A great diversity of potential edible and medicinal plants and/or natural compounds showed potential benefits in managing SARS, which may also combat COVID-19. Moreover, many plants and compounds have currently been proposed to be protective against COVID-19. This information is based on data-driven approaches and computational chemical biology techniques. In this study, we review promising candidates of edible and medicinal plants for the prevention and management of COVID-19. We primarily focus on analyzing their underlying mechanisms. We aim to identify dietary supplements and functional foods that assist in managing this epidemic. Key findings and Conclusion: We infer that acetoside, glyasperin, isorhamnetin, and several flavonoid compounds may prevent and/or be effective in managing COVID-19 by targeting the viral infection, reducing the host cytokine storm, regulating the immune response, and providing organ protection. These bioactive dietary components (used either alone or in combination) might assist in the development of dietary supplements or functional foods for managing COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chien-Shan Cheng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guo-Yi Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hor-Yue Tan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Yong Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ren Y, Liang S, Zheng Y, Deng X, Lei L, Ai J, Li Y, Zhang T, Chen L, Mei Z, Cheng YC, He C. Investigation on the function tropism of Tiaoqin and Kuqin (different specification of Scutellaria baicalensis) by comparing their curative effect on different febrile disease model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113596. [PMID: 33221498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scutellaria baicalensis (S. baicalensis) is the root of S. baicalensis Georgi. In traditional Chinese medicine it is divided into Tiaoqin (TQ, 1-3 years old) and Kuqin (KQ, more than 3 years old). However, the differences in TQ and KQ efficacy and their exact mechanisms are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to clarify the difference in the efficacy of TQ and KQ in relation to different fever types (damp heat and hyperpyrexia) by using rat models, as well as to determine the primary molecular mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compared the compositional content of TQ and KQ by UPLC-MS/MS. Then, rat models of hyperpyrexia (HP, LPS) and damp heat (DH, high-fat and high-sugar diet feeding + fumigation in artificial climate chamber + E. coli injection) were established and their clinical symptoms, blood biochemistry, histopathological sections, cell cytokines and protein expression were compared following treatment with TQ or KQ. Finally, the mechanisms underpinning the differences observed for TQ and KQ were determined by measuring the components of these treatments in different target organs. RESULTS This study identified 31 compounds in the water extracts of both TQ and KQ, which differed significantly in their relative content. TQ and KQ showed different functional tropism in HP and DH model rats. Baicalin, wogonoside, oroxin A, baicalein, wogonin and oroxylin A appeared to be the basic functional components responsible for the functional tropism hypothesis, while the remaining compounds appeared to be the efficacy-oriented components. In addition, the difference in pharmacodynamics between TQ and KQ may be related to their absorption in vivo, which was consistent with the hypothesis of functional tropism proposed in this work. CONCLUSION In this study we adopted TQ and KQ-different specifications of Scutellaria baicalensis with similar chemical components-as a case study to systematically reveal the functional tropism of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). The results showed that TQ and KQ contain the basic functional components to enable the basic function of 'clearing heat', while the variation in compositional content may result in their different therapeutic effects. A greater understanding and utilisation of the functional tropism of CHM would enormously improve the accuracy and scientific basis for the application of CHM medication, as well as in promoting the multi-function mechanism of CHM and guiding new drug development of CHM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongshen Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China; School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Shuai Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xin Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiao Ai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tianpei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhinan Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Caijing He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lannoy V, Côté-Biron A, Asselin C, Rivard N. Phosphatases in toll-like receptors signaling: the unfairly-forgotten. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:10. [PMID: 33494775 PMCID: PMC7829650 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00693-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 2 decades, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been shown to be on the front line of many illnesses such as autoimmune, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases as well as allergies and cancer. Among PRRs, toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the most studied family. Dissecting TLRs signaling turned out to be advantageous to elaborate efficient treatments to cure autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. However, a broad understanding of TLR effectors is required to propose a better range of cures. In addition to kinases and E3 ubiquitin ligases, phosphatases emerge as important regulators of TLRs signaling mediated by NF-κB, type I interferons (IFN I) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases signaling pathways. Here, we review recent knowledge on TLRs signaling modulation by different classes and subclasses of phosphatases. Thus, it becomes more and more evident that phosphatases could represent novel therapeutic targets to control pathogenic TLRs signaling. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Lannoy
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201, rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E4K8, Canada
| | - Anthony Côté-Biron
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201, rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E4K8, Canada
| | - Claude Asselin
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201, rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E4K8, Canada
| | - Nathalie Rivard
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201, rue Jean Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC, J1E4K8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li W, Ren C, Fei C, Wang Y, Xue Q, Li L, Yin F, Li W. Analysis of the chemical composition changes of Gardeniae Fructus before and after processing based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:981-991. [PMID: 33351278 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Gardeniae Fructus, the dry fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, has been widely used for the treatment of different diseases. Although four types of processed Gardeniae Fructus products, characterized by differing effects, are available for clinical use, little is known regarding the respective processing mechanisms. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to characterize the chemical profiles of the differently processed Gardeniae Fructus products and to determine differences in their chemical compositions, thereby enabling us to identify those active compounds associated with the observed clinical effects. A total of 125 compounds were accordingly identified, among which, 56 were established as primary contributors to the significant differences (P < 0.01) between crude and processed Gardeniae Fructus, based on t-test analysis. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms underlying the chemical transformations that occurred during processing were discussed. The findings of this study may not only contribute to the more effective quality control of Gardeniae Fructus but also provide basic information for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the changes in chemical constituents in response to processing, and provide a basis for further investigations of Gardeniae Fructus processing mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chenghao Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dioscin Improves Pyroptosis in LPS-Induced Mice Mastitis by Activating AMPK/Nrf2 and Inhibiting the NF- κB Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:8845521. [PMID: 33488936 PMCID: PMC7790561 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8845521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, but its protective mechanism against mastitis is still unknown. NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis play important roles in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases, including mastitis. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of dioscin on lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced mastitis in vivo and in vitro and its mechanism of action. In vivo experiments, dioscin can reduce the inflammatory lesions and neutrophil motility in mammary tissue. Moreover, dioscin also can reduce the production of proinflammatory factors such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and inhibit the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in LPS-induced mice mastitis. In vitro experiments, the results showed that dioscin inhibited the inflammatory response and the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, but the survival rate of mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) induced by LPS+ATP is increased. Subsequently, the experiment convinces that dioscin can reduce LPS+ATP-induced mMEC pyroptosis by adding Ac-DEVD-CHO (a caspase-3 inhibitor). Further mechanistic studies demonstrate that dioscin can activate AMPK/Nrf2 to inhibit NLRP3/GSDMD-induced mMEC pyroptosis. In summary, this paper reveals a novel function of dioscin on mMEC pyroptosis and provides a new potential therapy of dioscin for the treatment and prevention of mastitis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Li Y, Jiang X, Xu H, Lv J, Zhang G, Dou X, Zhang Y, Li X. Acremonium terricola culture plays anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles by modulating MAPK signaling pathways in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced mastitis. Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:3649. [PMID: 33281536 PMCID: PMC7681784 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongjian Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingyi Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangning Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiujing Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Xiujing Dou and Yonggen Zhang, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China. Tel.: +8645155190840, Fax: +86 451 55190840. ;
| | - Yonggen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Xiujing Dou and Yonggen Zhang, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China. Tel.: +8645155190840, Fax: +86 451 55190840. ;
| | - Xiaoxiang Li
- Microbial Biological Engineering Company Limited, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Transdermal Delivery Systems of Natural Products Applied to Skin Therapy and Care. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215051. [PMID: 33143260 PMCID: PMC7662758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are favored because of their non-toxicity, low irritants, and market reacceptance. We collected examples, according to ancient wisdom, of natural products to be applied in transdermal delivery. A transdermal delivery system, including different types of agents, such as ointments, patches, and gels, has long been used for skin concerns. In recent years, many novel transdermal applications, such as nanoemulsions, liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, and microneedles, have been reported. Nanosized drug delivery systems are widely applied in natural product deliveries. Nanosized materials notably enhance bioavailability and solubility, and are reported to improve the transdermal permeation of many substances compared with conventional topical formulations. Natural products have been made into nanosized biomaterials in order to enhance the penetration effect. Before introducing the novel transdermal applications of natural products, we present traditional methods within this article. The descriptions of novel transdermal applications are classified into three parts: liposomes, emulsions, and lipid nanoparticles. Each section describes cases that are related to promising natural product transdermal use. Finally, we summarize the outcomes of various studies on novel transdermal agents applied to skin treatments.
Collapse
|
28
|
Khan MZ, Khan A, Xiao J, Ma J, Ma Y, Chen T, Shao D, Cao Z. Overview of Research Development on the Role of NF-κB Signaling in Mastitis. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1625. [PMID: 32927884 PMCID: PMC7552152 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary gland. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are the most common bacteria responsible for mastitis. When mammary epithelial cells are infected by microorganisms, this activates an inflammatory response. The bacterial infection is recognized by innate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the mammary epithelial cells, with the help of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Upon activation by lipopolysaccharides, a virulent agent of bacteria, the TLRs further trigger nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling to accelerate its pathogenesis. The NF-κB has an essential role in many biological processes, such as cell survival, immune response, inflammation and development. Therefore, the NF-κB signaling triggered by the TLRs then regulates the transcriptional expression of specific inflammatory mediators to initiate inflammation of the mammary epithelial cells. Thus, any aberrant regulation of NF-κB signaling may lead to many inflammatory diseases, including mastitis. Hence, the inhibiting of NF-κB signaling has potential therapeutic applications in mastitis control strategies. In this review, we highlighted the regulation and function of NF-κB signaling in mastitis. Furthermore, the role of NF-κB signaling for therapeutic purposes in mastitis control has been explored in the current review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (J.M.); (Y.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (J.M.); (Y.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Jiaying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (J.M.); (Y.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Yulin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (J.M.); (Y.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Tianyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (J.M.); (Y.M.); (T.C.)
| | - Dafu Shao
- Institute of Agricultural Information of CAAS, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (J.X.); (J.M.); (Y.M.); (T.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lactobacillus johnsonii L531 Ameliorates Escherichia coli-Induced Cell Damage via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activity and Promoting ATG5/ATG16L1-Mediated Autophagy in Porcine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Vet Sci 2020; 7:vetsci7030112. [PMID: 32823867 PMCID: PMC7558184 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci7030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli), a main mastitis-causing pathogen in sows, leads to mammary tissue damage. Here, we explored the effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii L531 on attenuating E. coli-induced inflammatory damage in porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs). L. johnsonii L531 pretreatment reduced E. coli adhesion to PMECs by competitive exclusion and the production of inhibitory factors and decreased E. coli-induced destruction of cellular morphology and ultrastructure. E. coli induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome associated with increased expression of NLRP3, ASC, and cleaved caspase-1, however, L. johnsonii L531 inhibited E. coli-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Up-regulation of interleukin (Il)-1β, Il-6, Il-8, Il-18, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and chemokine Cxcl2 expression after E. coli infection was attenuated by L. johnsonii L531. E. coli infection inhibited autophagy, whereas L. johnsonii L531 reversed the inhibitory effect of E. coli on autophagy by decreasing the expression of autophagic receptor SQSTM1/p62 and increasing the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG5, ATG16L1, and light chain 3 protein by Western blotting analysis. Our findings suggest that L. johnsonii L531 pretreatment restricts NLRP3 inflammasome activity and induces autophagy through promoting ATG5/ATG16L1-mediated autophagy, thereby protecting against E. coli-induced inflammation and cell damage in PMECs.
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen L, Li M, Yang Z, Tao W, Wang P, Tian X, Li X, Wang W. Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological and industrial applications of an important traditional Chinese medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 257:112829. [PMID: 32311486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a popular shrub in the Rubiaceae family. The desiccative ripe fruits of this plant (called Zhizi in China) are well known and frequently used not only as an excellent natural colourant, but also as an important traditional medicine for the treatment of different diseases, such as reducing fire except vexed, clearing away heat evil, and cooling blood and eliminating stasis to activate blood circulation. It has also been declared as the first batch of dual-purpose plants used for food and medical functions in China. AIM OF THE STUDY This review aims to provide a critical and systematic summary of the traditional uses, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and industrial applications of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and briefly proposes several suggestions for future application prospects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The related information on Gardenia jasminoides Ellis was obtained from internationally recognized scientific databases through the Internet (PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Web of Science, Medline Plus, ACS, Elsevier and Flora of China) and libraries. RESULTS Approximately 162 chemical compounds have been isolated and identified from this herb. Among them, iridoid glycosides and yellow pigment are generally considered the main bioactive and characteristic ingredients. Various pharmacological properties, such as a beneficial effect on the nervous, cardiovascular and digestive systems, hepatoprotective activity, antidepressant activity, and anti-inflammatory activity, were also validated in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, geniposide and genipin are the most important iridoid compounds isolated from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, and genipin is the aglycone of geniposide. As the predominant active ingredient with a distinct pharmacological activity, genipin is also an outstanding biological crosslinking agent. Gardenia yellow pigment has also been widely used as an excellent natural dye-stuff. Hence, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has been applied to many other fields, including the food industry, textile industry and chemical industry, in addition to its predominant medicinal uses. CONCLUSIONS According to this review, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is outstanding traditional medical plant used in medicine and food. Pharmacological investigations support the traditional use of this herb and may validate the folk medicinal use of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis to treat different diseases. Iridoid glycosides are potential medicines. Gardenia yellow pigment has been the most important source of a natural colourant for food, cloth and paint for thousands of years. This herb has made great contributions to human survival and development. Moreover, it has also achieved outstanding progress in human life and even in art. Although Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has extremely high and comprehensive utilization values, it is still far from being completely explored. Therefore, the comprehensive development of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis deserves further analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Maoxing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Wendi Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Xiuyu Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| | - Weigang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Prescription Patterns of Wu Lin San Concentrated Extract Product for Cystitis in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2605462. [PMID: 32565849 PMCID: PMC7256769 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2605462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The indications for the concentrated extract product (CEP) of Wu Lin San (WLS) are urethritis, cystitis, and gonorrhea. In clinical settings, WLS is combined with other CEPs used. However, there are no prescribed guidelines of CEPs in Taiwan. In this study, we would establish the CEP-prescribed applications of WLS for cystitis according to the clinical prescription patterns and ancient traditional medicine books. The prescription patterns of WLS were analyzed from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan for the period from 2000 to 2015. The results show that WLS was most frequently prescribed for cystitis (17.12% of a total prescriptions), and its prescribed dosage was 3∼5 g per day. Among them, 62.53% were for patients >40 years, and 72.45% were for women. Moreover, prescription patterns of WLS for cystitis were divided into 4 types: Type 1, WLS combined with Pa Cheng San (PCS) and Ti Tang Tang (29.75%); Type 2, WLS combined with PCS and dandelion (13.89%); Type 3, WLS combined with PCS and Tao Ho Cheng Chi Tang (6.63%); and Type 4, WLS combined with PCS (2.75%). According to lectures, review revealed the following principles of WLS application. WLS only should be adopted for simple heat strangury, while Type 4 should be applied for excess heat and dampness strangury. For patients with heat strangury coupled with an early-stage blood amassment pattern in lower jiao (abdomen), Type 3 could be administered. Type 2 should be used for heat strangury accompanied by dampness toxicity with infection. By contrast, Type 1 should be applied to patients with severe blood stasis. The application principles of WLS with other CEPs could serve as a reference for cystitis treatment in clinical settings.
Collapse
|
32
|
Long Y, Yang Q, Xiang Y, Zhang Y, Wan J, Liu S, Li N, Peng W. Nose to brain drug delivery - A promising strategy for active components from herbal medicine for treating cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104795. [PMID: 32278035 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI), one of the major causes of death from stroke in the world, not only causes tremendous damage to human health, but also brings heavy economic burden to society. Current available treatments for CIRI, including mechanical therapies and drug therapies, are often accompanied by significant side-effects. Therefore, it is necessary to discovery new strategies for treating CIRI. Many studies have confirmed that the herbal medicine has the advantages of abundant resources, good curative effect and little side effects, which can be used as potential drug for treatment of CIRI through multiple targets. It's known that oral administration commonly has low bioavailability, and injection administration is inconvenient and unsafe. Many drugs can't delivery to brain through routine pathways due to the blood-brain-barrier (BBB). Interestingly, increasing evidences have suggested the nasal administration is a potential direct route to transport drug into brain avoiding the BBB and has the characteristics of high bioavailability for treating brain diseases. Therefore, intranasal administration can be treated as an alternative way to treat brain diseases. In the present review, effective methods to treat CIRI by using active ingredients derived from herbal medicine through nose to brain drug delivery (NBDD) are updated and discussed, and some related pharmacological mechanisms have also been emphasized. Our present study would be beneficial for the further drug development of natural agents from herbal medicines via NBDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Long
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Qiyue Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 39 Shi-er-qiao Road, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Yulu Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jinyan Wan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Songyu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Wei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Cai L, Li CM, Chen WN, Qiu YY, Guo YL, Li R. Penta-acetyl geniposide induces apoptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from adjuvant-induced arthritis rats in vitro, associated with inhibition of NF-κB activation. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1006-1013. [PMID: 31563017 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approaches promoting fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) apoptosis are considered as a meaningful strategy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. We have previously reported the anti-arthritic effect of penta-acetyl geniposide ((Ac)5GP, an active derivative of geniposide) on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats in vivo. The present study aimed to investigate the pro-apoptotic effect of (Ac)5GP on AIA FLS in vitro and the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS Rat AIA was induced by complete Freund's adjuvant, and FLS were primary-cultured from synovial tissues. AIA FLS were treated with (Ac)5GP (50, 100 and 200 μM) for 48 h and cell proliferation and apoptosis were respectively examined. The involvement of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase 3) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was checked. RESULTS (Ac)5GP inhibited the viability of AIA FLS and reduced the percentage of Ki67-positive cells in AIA FLS. Particularly, (Ac)5GP promoted AIA FLS apoptosis in vitro by inducing apoptotic nuclear morphology, facilitating DNA ladder formation and increasing percentages of both early and late apoptotic cells. (Ac)5GP treatment on AIA FLS decreased Bcl-2 protein level whereas increased the levels of Bax and caspase 3 proteins. Moreover, (Ac)5GP reduced the degradation and phosphorylation of IκBα, down-regulated NF-κB p65 protein level in nucleus and inhibited NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. CONCLUSIONS (Ac)5GP had a potent pro-apoptotic effect on AIA FLS in vitro, which is associated with regulating apoptosis-related proteins and inhibiting NF-κB activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chun-Mei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei-Na Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuan-Ye Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yan-Li Guo
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Food and Drug Inspection, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Rong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jiang A, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wu D, Liu Z, Li S, Liu X, Han Z, Wang C, Wang J, Wei Z, Guo C, Yang Z. Morin alleviates LPS-induced mastitis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathway and protecting the integrity of blood-milk barrier. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 78:105972. [PMID: 31711938 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is a common veterinary clinical disease that restricts the development of dairy farming around the world. Morin, extracted from Mulberry Tree and other herbs, has been reported to possess the function of anti-bacteria, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory. However, whether morin could protect lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mastitis in vivo has not well known. This study firstly aims to evaluate the effects of morin on LPS-induced mouse mastitis in vivo, and then try to illustrate the mechanism involved in the process. Before injected with LPS, mice were intraperitoneally pre-injected with different concentrations of morin, and mice of the control and LPS group were injected with the same amount of saline. Pathologic changes of mammary gland were determined by histopathological examination. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities of mammary gland were determined by the MPO kits. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and those of chemokine factors CCL2 and CXCL2, and those of tight junctions occludin claudin-3 were examined by qRT-PCR analysis. The activities of IκB, p65, ERK, P38, AKT, PI3K, NLPR3, claudin-1, claudin-3 and occludin were determined by western blotting. The results showed that morin alleviated LPS-induced edema, destructed structures and infiltrated inflammatory cells of mammary gland. Morin administration significantly decreased LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2 and CXCL2 mRNA expressions. Furthermore, western blot analysis also showed that morin significantly reduced LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65, IκB, p38 and ERK, and enhanced LPS-induced phosphorylation of AKT and PI3K. It was also found that LPS-decreased claudin-3 and occludin expressions were also inhibited by morin treatment. In summary, above results suggest that morin indeed protect LPS-induced mouse mastitis in vivo, and the mechanism was through inhibiting the PI3K/AKT, MAPK, NF-κB and NLRP3 signaling pathways and protecting the integrity of blood-milk barrier by regulating the tight junction proteins expressions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Shuangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhen Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhengkai Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Changming Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, Jilin Province, PR China; College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University Foshan 528225, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective effect of geniposide in chronic hyperuricemia mice. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
|
36
|
Montironi ID, Reinoso EB, Paullier VC, Siri MI, Pianzzola MJ, Moliva M, Campra N, Bagnis G, Ferreira LaRocque-de-Freitas I, Decote-Ricardo D, Freire-de-Lima CG, Raviolo JM, Cariddi LN. Minthostachys verticillata essential oil activates macrophage phagocytosis and modulates the innate immune response in a murine model of Enterococcus faecium mastitis. Res Vet Sci 2019; 125:333-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
37
|
Zhang X, Gao T, Wang Y. Geniposide alleviates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation by downregulation of miR-27a in rat pancreatic acinar cell AR42J. Biol Chem 2019; 400:1059-1068. [PMID: 30897061 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatitis is a disease caused by inflammation of pancreatic acinar cells. Geniposide (GEN) possesses anti-inflammation activities. Hence, we investigated the effects of GEN on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated AR42J cells. AR42J cells were stimulated by LPS and then treated with GEN and/or transfected with miR-27a mimic or negative control. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were detected using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. All related proteins were measured by Western blot. The expression of miR-27a was detected by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. LPS significantly decreased cell viability, and enhanced cell apoptosis and IL-6, MCP-1 expression. Then GEN administration alleviated inflammatory injury by increasing cell viability, while reducing apoptosis, and IL-6 and MCP-1 expression. GEN downregulated miR-27a expression which was induced by LPS. Transfection with miR-27a mimic partially eliminated the protective effects of GEN. The phosphorylation of JNK and c-Jun was downregulated by GEN while upregulated by miR-27a overexpression. GEN alleviates LPS-induced AR42J cell injury as evidenced by promoting cell growth, and upregulation of IL-6 and MCP-1. This process might be modulated by down-regulating miR-27a and inactivation of JNK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6 Jiankang Road, Jining 272000, China
- Affiliated Jining No. 1 People's Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Taishan Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6 Jiankang Road, Jining 272000, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6 Jiankang Road, Jining 272000, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bai Y, Song L, Zhang Y, Dai G, Zhang W, Song S, Sun H, Jing W, Xu M, Ju W. Comparative pharmacokinetic study of four major bioactive components after oral administration of Zhi‐Zi‐Hou‐Po decoction in normal and corticosterone‐induced depressive rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4542. [PMID: 30947404 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Bai
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Weihui China
| | - Lihua Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Weihui China
| | - Yongheng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University Weihui China
| | - Guoliang Dai
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Shanshan Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Hong Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Wen Jing
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Meijuan Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Wenzheng Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Diverse Pharmacological Activities and Potential Medicinal Benefits of Geniposide. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:4925682. [PMID: 31118959 PMCID: PMC6500620 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4925682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Geniposide is a well-known iridoid glycoside compound and is an essential component of a wide variety of traditional phytomedicines, for example, Gardenia jasminoides Elli (Zhizi in Chinese), Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Duzhong in Chinese), Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. (Dihuang in Chinese), and Achyranthes bidentata Bl. (Niuxi in Chinese). It is also the main bioactive component of Gardeniae Fructus, the dried ripe fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. Increasing pharmacological evidence supports multiple medicinal properties of geniposide including neuroprotective, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antidepressant-like, cardioprotective, antioxidant, immune-regulatory, antithrombotic, and antitumoral effects. It has been proposed that geniposide may be a drug or lead compound for the prophylaxis and treatment of several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes and diabetic complications, ischemia and reperfusion injury, and hepatic disorders. The aim of the present review is to give a comprehensive summary and analysis of the pharmacological properties of geniposide, supporting its use as a medicinal agent.
Collapse
|
40
|
Detoxification and activating blood circulation decoction reduces restenosis involving the TLR4/NF-κB pathway after balloon injury. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 140:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
41
|
Hu Y, Liu X, Xia Q, Yin T, Bai C, Wang Z, Du L, Li X, Wang W, Sun L, Liu Y, Zhang H, Deng L, Chen Y. Comparative anti-arthritic investigation of iridoid glycosides and crocetin derivatives from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis in Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE 2019; 53:223-233. [PMID: 30668402 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discovering novel compounds with higher activities is a key aim of natural products research. Gardenia jasminoides Ellis is a herb with anti-inflammatory properties. Iridoid glycosides (mainly geniposide) and crocetin derivatives (crocins) are the two major active constituents in this herb and are considered its active ingredients. However, which components are responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of gardenia have remained to be investigated. PURPOSE Here, we prepared total iridoid glycocides (TIG) and total crocins (TC) from G. jasminoides Ellis, determined their main chemical constituents, and performed animal studies to evaluate their anti-adjuvant arthritis activities, thus, proposing a reasonable mechenism to explain the anti-inflammatory activities of the active components in this herbal remedy. STUDY DESIGN TIG and TC were prepared by using HPD-100 macroporous resin, and characterized by UHPLC-DAD-MS and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Then, freund's complete adjuvant-injected rats underwent drug treatments with TIG (160 mg/kg) and TC (160 mg/kg) for 14 days, and their ankle diameters were measured. Moreover, X-ray radiographs of the adjuvant injected hind paws were evaluated. Finally, histopathological examinations of the ankle joints, spleens and thymus were carried out to evaluate inflammatory reactions, and immunohistochemical measurements were conducted to evaluate TNF-α and TGF-β1 expression in the ankle joint of the rats. RESULTS The chemical composition determination of the current study showed that TIG was mainly composed of geniposide and TC was a fraction predominantly with crocin-1, crocin-2 and crocin-3. Calculation of results showed that TIG and TC contained 58.2% total iridoid glycosides and 54.7% total crocins, respectively. Our study suggested TIG and TC treatments markedly decreased paw swelling and ankle diameters of AA rats (both p < 0.05). The radiological analysis showed that administration of TIG and TC ameliorated bone destruction, and reduced the radiological bone destruction scores (TIG p < 0.05, TC p>0.05). Moreover, data from histological assessment demonstrated considerable mitigation of inflammation in the joints (both p < 0.01), spleen and thymus of AA rats treated with TIG and TC. TNF-α and TGF-β1 protein expression according to immunohistochemistry staining also supported the anti-arthritis activities of TIG and TC (TNF-α: TIG p < 0.01 and TC p < 0.05, TGF-β1: TIG p < 0.01 and TC p>0.05). CONCLUSION In the current study, fractionation of gardenia prior to further in vivo investigation has for the first time provided reasonable explanation for the anti-inflammatory activity of this herbal remedy. Our study showed that both TIG and TC from gardenia have anti-inflammatory properties. Overall, these experimental findings suggest that gardenia could be regarded as a potential therapeutic target for arthritis. However, as geniposide has a higher content than crocins in this herbal drug, TIG (mainly geniposide) seems to be primarily responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of gardenia. Taken together, this maiden attempt demonstrated that TIG (mainly geniposide) is more important in evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of G. jasminoides Ellis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Hu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Tianpeng Yin
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chuan Bai
- Institute of Human Virology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lianfeng Du
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yinhua Liu
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Duan 3, Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University Chenggong New City, Kunming, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals and Materials Engineering, Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang ZB, Guo YF, Li CY, Qiu CW, Guo MY. Selenium influences mmu-miR-155 to inhibit inflammation inStaphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:6543-6555. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01488h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis, a major disease affecting dairy cows, is most commonly caused byStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-biao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-fang Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-ye Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-wei Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-yao Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine
- College of Veterinary Medicine
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430070
- People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Cheng S, Zhou F, Xu Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Gu M, Su Z, Zhao D, Zhang L, Jia Y. Geniposide regulates the miR-101/MKP-1/p38 pathway and alleviates atherosclerosis inflammatory injury in ApoE -/- mice. Immunobiology 2018; 224:296-306. [PMID: 30630636 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the common pathological basis of chronic cardiovascular diseases and is associated with inflammation and lipid metabolism dysfunction. Geniposide, the main active ingredient of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruit, exhibits a variety of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative functions; however, its role in AS remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of geniposide in alleviating inflammation and thereby attenuating the development of AS. ApoE-/- mice were fed a high fat diet to induce AS and were treated with geniposide (50 mg/kg) for 12 weeks. Blood glucose and lipid levels were measured by biochemical analysis. H&E, Masson and Oil red O staining were performed to observe morphological changes and lipid deposition in the aorta and liver. Serum inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the target relationship between microRNA-101 (miR-101) and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1). The levels of miR-101, p-p38, and MKP-1 in the aorta were detected by qPCR and western blotting. The anti-inflammatory effect of geniposide in vitro was investigated in the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. A miR-101 mimic and an inhibitor were used to study the effect of miR-101 on regulating the expression of the target MKP-1 and the downstream inflammatory cytokines. Geniposide treatment reduced lipid levels and plaque size in the mouse model of AS. Geniposide downregulated miR-101 to upregulate MKP-1 and suppress the production of inflammatory factors in vitro and in vivo. Geniposide suppressed the levels of inflammatory factors in the presence of the miR-101 mimic, whereas no obvious effect was observed in the miR-101 inhibitor group. We concluded that geniposide reduced the plaque size and alleviated inflammatory injury in ApoE-/- mice and RAW264.7 cells. The specific anti-inflammatory mechanism was related to the miR-101/ MKP-1/p38 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saibo Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuling Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Molecular Biology, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Minhua Gu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhijie Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dandan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuhua Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lv S, Ding Y, Zhao H, Liu S, Zhang J, Wang J. Therapeutic Potential and Effective Components of the Chinese Herb Gardeniae Fructus in the Treatment of Senile Disease. Aging Dis 2018; 9:1153-1164. [PMID: 30574425 PMCID: PMC6284761 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gardeniae fructus (GF), an evergreen Rubiaceae shrub, is one of the most commonly used Chinese herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been used for over a thousand years. It is usually prescribed for the treatment of brain aging, vascular aging, bone and joint aging, and other age-related diseases. It has been demonstrated that several effective compounds of GF, such as geniposide, genipin and crocin, have neuroprotective or related activities which are involved in senile disease treatment. These bioactivities include the mitochondrion dysfunction, antioxidative activity, apoptosis regulation and an anti-inflammatory activity, which related to multiple signaling pathways such as the nuclear factor-κB pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. To lay the ground for fully elucidating the potential mechanisms of GF in treating age-related pathologies, we summarized the available research conducted in the last fifteen years about GF and its effective components, which have been studied in vivo and in vitro
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Lv
- 2Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Ding
- 3Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Zhao
- 4Cerebrovascular Diseases Research Institute, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shihao Liu
- 5Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Junping Zhang
- 2Department of Geriatric Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Wang
- 1Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Quintans JSS, Shanmugam S, Heimfarth L, Araújo AAS, Almeida JRGDS, Picot L, Quintans-Júnior LJ. Monoterpenes modulating cytokines - A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:233-257. [PMID: 30389585 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory response can be driven by cytokine production and is a pivotal target in the management of inflammatory diseases. Monoterpenes have shown that promising profile as agents which reduce the inflammatory process and also modulate the key chemical mediators of inflammation, such as pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The main interest focused on monoterpenes were to develop the analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, we summarized current knowledge on monoterpenes that produce anti-inflammatory effects by modulating the release of cytokines, as well as suggesting that which monoterpenoid molecules may be most effective in the treatment of inflammatory disease. Several different inflammatory markers were evaluated as a target of monoterpenes. The proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were found TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 IL-13, IL-17A, IFNγ, TGF-β1 and IFN-γ. Our review found evidence that NF-κB and MAPK signaling are important pathways for the anti-inflammatory action of monoterpenes. We found 24 monoterpenes that modulate the production of cytokines, which appears to be the major pharmacological mechanism these compounds possess in relation to the attenuation of inflammatory response. Despite the compelling evidence supporting the anti-inflammatory effect of monoterpenes, further studies are necessary to fully explore their potential as anti-inflammatory compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jullyana S S Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Luana Heimfarth
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Jackson R G da S Almeida
- Center for Studies and Research of Medicinal Plants (NEPLAME), Federal University of San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Laurent Picot
- UMRi CNRS 7266 LIENSs, University of La Rochelle, 17042, La Rochelle, France
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Potential mechanism of cholagogic effect about Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis (Zhizi)-mediated increase of bile acids urinary excretion in normal rats. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
47
|
Su Q, Yao J, Sheng C. Geniposide Attenuates LPS-Induced Injury via Up-Regulation of miR-145 in H9c2 Cells. Inflammation 2018; 41:1229-1237. [PMID: 29611016 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Myocarditis is a cardiomyopathy associated with inflammatory response. It has been reported that geniposide (GEN), a traditional Chinese herb extract from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, possesses an anti-inflammatory effect and a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. The present study aimed to explore the protective role of GEN and the underlying mechanism in LPS-injured H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells were treated with LPS to induce cell injury and then we investigated the effect of GEN. miR-145 expression was inhibited by transfection with miR-145 inhibitor and its expression was measured by RT-PCR. Cell viability and apoptotic cells were measured by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis. The levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and MCP-1) were assessed by western blot and RT-PCR. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of the MEK/ERK pathway-related factors. LPS exposure reduced cell viability, increased apoptotic cells, and promoted the expression of pro-inflammatory factors in H9c2 cells. However, GEN pretreatment significantly reduced LPS-induced cell injury, as increased cell viability, reduced apoptotic cells, and inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors. Moreover, we found that miR-145 expression was down-regulated by LPS exposure but was up-regulated by GEN pretreatment. The protective effect of GEN on LPS-injured H9c2 cells was blocked by miR-145 inhibitor. In addition, GEN inhibited the MEK/ERK pathway through up-regulating miR-145. Our results suggested that GEN exerted a protective role in LPS-injured H9c2 cells. The GEN-associated regulation might be related to its regulation on miR-145 and the MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Su
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Junjing Yao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, China
| | - Cunjian Sheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, No. 6, Jiankang Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Li Y, Gong Q, Guo W, Kan X, Xu D, Ma H, Fu S, Liu J. Farrerol Relieve Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Mastitis by Inhibiting AKT/NF-κB p65, ERK1/2 and P38 Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061770. [PMID: 29904013 PMCID: PMC6032361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Farrerol has been proved to have an anti-inflammatory effect. However, the effects of farrerol on mastitis have not been investigated. This study was aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of farrerol in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse mastitis and LPS-induced inflammatory response of mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs). In vivo, LPS were injected to the tetrad pair of nipples for establishing mouse mastitis, and then tested the effect of farrerol on histopathological changes, inflammatory response and activation degree of protein kinase B (AKT), nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65), p38, extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2). In vitro, the mMECs were incubated by farrerol for 1 h following by stimulating with LPS, and then the inflammatory response and the related signaling pathways were detected. The in vivo results found that farrerol could improve pathological injury of mammary gland, attenuate the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and the phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB p65, p38 and ERK1/2. The in vitro results also found farrerol inhibited inflammatory response and the related signaling pathways. Collectively, this study revealed that farrerol inhibits the further development of LPS-induced mastitis by inhibiting inflammatory response via down regulating phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB p65, p38, and ERK1/2. These findings suggest that farrerol may be used as an anti-inflammatory drug for mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Qian Gong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Wenjin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xingchi Kan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Dianwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - He Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Anti-Inflammatory and Gastroprotective Roles of Rabdosia inflexa through Downregulation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020584. [PMID: 29462911 PMCID: PMC5855806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, gastric ulcer is a vital health hazard for a human. Rabdosia inflexa (RI) has been used in traditional medicine for inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of RI using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 246.7 cells and HCl/EtOH-induced gastric ulcer in mice. We applied 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), histopathology, malondialdehyde (MDA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot analyses to evaluate the protective role of RI. Study revealed that RI effectively attenuated LPS-promoted NO and ROS production in RAW 246.7 cells. In addition, RI mitigated gastric oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, elevating NO, and decreasing gastric inflammation. RI significantly halted elevated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in gastric tissue. Likewise, RI markedly attenuated the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation, COX-2 expression, phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor kappa B (IκBα) and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Thus, experimental findings suggested that the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities of RI might contribute to regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
50
|
Wei H, Duan G, He J, Meng Q, Liu Y, Chen W, Meng Y. Geniposide attenuates epilepsy symptoms in a mouse model through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:1136-1142. [PMID: 29399113 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports on the pharmacological actions of geniposide have indicated that it has anti-asthmatic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in the liver and gallbladder, and therapeutic effects in neurological, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The results of the current study demonstrate that geniposide attenuates epilepsy in a mouse model through the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) signaling pathway. A mouse model of epilepsy was induced by maximal electric shock (50 mA, 50 Hz, 1 sec). Epilepsy mice were intragastrically administered with 0, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg geniposide. Geniposide significantly reduced the incidence and significantly increased the latency of clonic seizures in epileptic mice compared with non-treated epileptic mice (both P<0.01). Geniposide treatment significantly inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression in epilepsy mice (P<0.01). Furthermore, geniposide significantly suppressed the protein expression of activator protein 1, increased the activation of Akt and increased the protein expression of GSK-3β and PI3K in epilepsy mice (all P<0.01). These results suggest that geniposide attenuates epilepsy in mice through the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Guanghui Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jianxun He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qinglong Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wanqiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yongpeng Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|