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Saad M, Ibrahim W, Hasanin AH, Elyamany AM, Matboli M. Evaluating the therapeutic potential of genetically engineered probiotic Zbiotics (ZB183) for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) management via modulation of the cGAS-STING pathway. RSC Med Chem 2024:d4md00477a. [PMID: 39290381 PMCID: PMC11403872 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00477a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
NAFLD/NASH has emerged as a global health concern with no FDA-approved treatment, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic elements for NASH. Probiotics are known as an important adjunct therapy in NASH. Zbiotics (ZB183) is the first commercially available genetically engineered probiotic. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effects of Zbiotics administration on NASH management by modulating the cGAS-STING-signaling pathway-related RNA network. In silico data analysis was performed and three DEGs (MAPK3/EDN1/TNF) were selected with their epigenetic modulators (miR-6888-5p miRNA, and lncRNA RABGAP1L-DT-206). The experimental design included NASH induction with an HSHF diet in Wistar rats and Zbiotics administration in NASH rats in comparison to statin treatment. Liver functions and lipid profile were assessed. Additionally, the expression levels of the constructed molecular network were assessed using RT-PCR. Moreover, the Zbiotics effects in NASH were further validated with histopathological examination of liver and colon samples. Also, immunohistochemistry staining of hepatic TNF-α and colonic occludin was assessed. Oral administration of Zbiotics for four weeks downregulated the expression of the cGAS-STING-related network (MAPK3/EDN1/TNF/miR-6888-5p miRNA/lncRNA RABGAP1L-DT-206) in NASH models. Zbiotics also ameliorated hepatic inflammation and steatosis, as evidenced by a notable improvement in NAS score and decreased hepatic TNF-α levels. Furthermore, Zbiotics exhibited favorable effects on colon health, including increased crypt length, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and restoration of colonic mucosa occludin expression. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Zbiotics has potential therapeutic effects on NASH via modulating the gut-liver axis and the cGAS-STING signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha Saad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information Cairo Egypt
- Biomedical Research Department, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for technology and information Cairo Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Walaa Ibrahim
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Amany Helmy Hasanin
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Aya Magdy Elyamany
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Cairo Egypt
| | - Marwa Matboli
- Departement of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
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2
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El-Kerdasy HI, Faruk EM, Hassan DAA, Nafea OE, Ibrahim F, Bagabir RA, Anwer HM, Allam AM. Rosuvastatin repurposing for prophylaxis against ethanol-induced acute gastric ulceration in rats: a biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural perspective. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01513-z. [PMID: 39044068 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01513-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) consumption is frequently associated with acute and chronic gastrointestinal disorders. Rosuvastatin (RSV), a third-generation statin, has demonstrated certain biological functions beyond its lipid-lowering properties. This study is designed to explore the gastroprotective impact of RSV in a rat model of EtOH-induced gastric ulceration in a dose-dependent manner through the evaluation of oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, inflammatory myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme activity, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in gastric tissues, along with histopathological examination of the gastric tissues. Therefore, 40 adult male rats were randomly divided into five equal groups as control, EtOH (gastric ulcer), RSV-low dose plus EtOH and RSV-high dose plus EtOH. The EtOH rat model of gastric ulceration was achieved by intragastric administration of a single dose of EtOH. Seven days before EtOH administration, rats were orally administered either omeprazole (20 mg/kg/day) or RSV (10 mg/kg/day or 20 mg/kg/day). RSV administration enhanced the antioxidant glutathione reduced, countered oxidative malondialdehyde, augmented cytoprotective PGE2, suppressed inflammatory MPO enzyme activity in gastric tissues, decreased ulcer index scoring, increased the percentage of ulcer inhibition, and reversed the associated histological and ultrastructural abnormalities, additionally, RSV treatment resulted in weak positive nuclear staining for the inflammatory nuclear factor kappa B in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that RSV demonstrates gastroprotective potential, attributable at least in part, to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to promote ulcer protection through the maintenance of mucosal content and PGE2 levels. Thus, RSV therapy emerges as a safe option for patients with gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan I El-Kerdasy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Faruk
- Anatomy Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, 24230, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Dina Allam Abdelmaksoud Hassan
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls (AFMG), Al-Azhar University, Nasr CityCairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Ola Elsayed Nafea
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Fatma Ibrahim
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Rania Abubaker Bagabir
- Hematology and Immunology Department, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Magdy Anwer
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Amany M Allam
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
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Saghafi F, Ramezani V, Jafari‐Nedooshan J, Zarekamali J, Kargar S, Tabatabaei SM, Sahebnasagh A. Efficacy of topical atorvastatin-loaded emulgel and nano-emulgel 1% on post-laparotomy pain and wound healing: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int Wound J 2023; 20:4006-4014. [PMID: 37382345 PMCID: PMC10681473 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop atorvastatin-loaded emulgel and nano-emulgel dosage forms and investigate their efficiency on surgical wound healing and reducing post-operative pain. This double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted in a surgical ward of a tertiary care hospital affiliated with university of medical sciences. The eligible patients were adults aged 18 years or older who were undergoing laparotomy. The participants were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three following groups of atorvastatin-loaded emulgel 1% (n = 20), atorvastatin-loaded nano-emulgel 1% (n = 20), and placebo emulgel (n = 20) twice a day for 14 days. The primary outcome was the Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, and Approximation (REEDA) scores to determine the rate of wound healing. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and quality of life were the secondary outcomes of this study. A total of 241 patients assessed for eligibility; of them, 60 patients completed the study and considered for final evaluation. A significant decrease in REEDA score was observed on Days 7 (63%) and 14 (93%) of treatment with atorvastatin nano-emulgel (p-value < 0.001). A significant decrease of 57% and 89% in REEDA score was reported at Days 7 and 14, respectively, in atorvastatin the emulgel group (p-value < 0.001). Reduction in pain VAS in the atorvastatin nano-emulgel was also recorded at Days 7 and 14 of the intervention. The results of the present study suggested that both topical atorvastatin-loaded emulgel and nano-emulgel 1% were effective in acceleration of wound healing and alleviation of pain of laparotomy surgical wounds, without causing intolerable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Saghafi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of PharmacyShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health ServicesYazdIran
| | - Vahid Ramezani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of PharmacyShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and health servicesYazdIran
| | - Jamal Jafari‐Nedooshan
- Department of SurgeryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health ServicesYazdIran
| | - Javad Zarekamali
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of PharmacyShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and health servicesYazdIran
| | - Saeed Kargar
- Department of Surgery, School of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Tabatabaei
- Department of General SurgeryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health ServicesYazdIran
| | - Adeleh Sahebnasagh
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, School of MedicineNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
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Alhallak I, Paydak H, Mehta JL. Prior Statin vs In-Hospital Statin Usage in Severe COVID-19: Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023:101810. [PMID: 37211301 PMCID: PMC10198742 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that statins can decrease COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized patients. This paper evaluates these studies and reviews the possible mechanism of how statins modulate COVID-19 severity. Meta-analysis of 31 retrospective studies demonstrated a reduction in mortality rate among statin users (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56-0.86, p =0.0008) (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.72-0.95, p =0.0078). Meta-analysis of 8 randomized control studies demonstrated a nonsignificant reduction in mortality (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.69-1.18, p =0.461), including four studies with medications other than statins, and four studies with only statins (OR 0.88, 95% CI 95% CI 0.64-1.21, p =0.423). Prolonged statin usage decreases the extracellular localization of ACE2, along with statins' immunomodulating effects and reduction of oxidative stress, decreases COVID-19 mortality. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 should continue statin treatment if previously prescribed, and patients should not be started on statins, as they do not seem to provide any mortality benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iad Alhallak
- Department of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Hakan Paydak
- Department of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Jawahar L Mehta
- Department of Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
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Molania T, Akbari J, Babaei A, Lotfizadeh A, Moosazadeh M, Mesgarani A, Baasl A, Salehi M. Atorvastatin mucoadhesive tablets in the management of recurrent aphthous stomatitis: a randomized clinical study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:285. [PMID: 37179286 PMCID: PMC10182658 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02846-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphthous stomatitis is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases. Due to the commonness of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and considering the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and tissue regenerative properties of atorvastatin and the lack of a study on the effect of statins on minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis, this study investigates the effect of atorvastatin mucoadhesive tablets as a topical treatment on reduction of symptoms and duration of this disease. METHODS This study is a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups, atorvastatin and, placebo; each of the patients received three mucoadhesive tablets daily in the morning, noon, and night. Finally, the patients were examined on days 0 (baseline), 3, 5, and 7 to determine the diameter of the inflammatory halo. The VAS scale was used to evaluate pain intensity for up to 7 days after each meal. The data was entered into SPSS 24 software and analyzed. RESULTS The halo diameter did not significantly differ between the two groups on baseline (P > 0.05). However, on the study's third, fifth, and seventh days, the difference between the two groups was remarkable, so in the atorvastatin group, the size of the lesions decreased in shorter healing time (P < 0.05). In addition, the patient's pain intensity (VAS) also showed a significant decrease in the atorvastatin group except on the first, second, and seventh days of the study (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Atorvastatin mucoadhesive tablets effectively reduce the pain of patients with minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis and reduce the size and healing time of the lesions, so their application should be considered in treating minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The present study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences with the ethics code IR.MAZUMS.REC.1400.8346. Also, this study received code IRCT20170430033722N4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Molania
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Akbari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Babaei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anahita Lotfizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Gastrointestitional Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Disease Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas Mesgarani
- Department of Oral Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anahita Baasl
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maede Salehi
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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Mohan P, Sharma AK, Sinha S, Sabarad R. An experimental study of rosuvastatin's analgesic effect and its interaction with etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptytline in albino mice. Med J Armed Forces India 2022; 78:S61-S68. [PMID: 36147401 PMCID: PMC9485845 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Statins are the mainstay for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Recently, rosuvastatin has also been demonstrated to possess analgesic properties in animal studies. The present study has been planned to further confirm the analgesic activity of rosuvastatin, etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptyline and study the interaction of rosuvastatin with the above-mentioned analgesics. The objective of the study was to confirm the analgesic activity of rosuvastatin and determine the minimum analgesic dose of rosuvastatin, etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine and amitriptyline and to study the analgesic effect of combination of subanalgesic doses of rosuvastatin with sub-analgesic doses of etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptyline. Method After IAEC approval, the study was carried out in albino mice in two phases. In phase I, the analgesic effect of rosuvastatin, etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptyline was confirmed by using tail-flick and writhing methods. In phase II, analgesic effect of combinations of subanalgesic dose of rosuvastatin with subanalgesic dose of etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptyline was studied. Results Minimal analgesic dose of rosuvastatin, etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptyline was observed as 5, 20, 10, 5, and 10 mg/kg, respectively. In phase II, combination of subanalgesic dose of rosuvastatin 2.5 mg/kg with subanalgesic doses of etoricoxib (10 mg/kg), tramadol (5 mg/kg), amlodipine (2.5 mg/kg), and amitriptyline (5 mg/kg), demonstrated synergistic analgesic activity. Conclusion Rosuvastatin exerts dose-dependent analgesic activity that is synergistic to that of etoricoxib, tramadol, amlodipine, and amitriptyline. If established in clinical studies as well, this finding can lead to the reduction of analgesic dosing in patients already on statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafull Mohan
- Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Sharma
- Former Professor & Head, Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - Sharmila Sinha
- Professor & Head, Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
| | - R. Sabarad
- Resident, Department of Pharmacology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, India
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Katole NT, Kale JS, Salankar HV. Evaluation of the Antinociceptive Action of Simvastatin in Mice. Cureus 2022; 14:e26910. [PMID: 35983393 PMCID: PMC9376206 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Statins are well-established agents for dyslipidemia and have successfully been used for the prevention of coronary artery diseases for a long time; this is attributed not only to their lipid-lowering action but also to their pleiotropic actions. Recently many pleiotropic actions of statins have been explored, but very few studies were done to explore statins' antinociceptive action; therefore, the current study was planned to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of Simvastatin in different pain models in mice. Materials and Methods: Antinociceptive activity of Simvastatin was evaluated by using Eddy's hot plate method (central analgesic model), acetic acid-induced writhing method (peripheral analgesic model), and biphasic formalin-induced paw licking method. Twenty-four mice were divided into four groups (n = 6 in each): Vehicle control group, simvastatin 5mg/kg, simvastatin 20mg/kg, and positive control group. Results: In the hot plate method, as compared to the vehicle control group, Simvastatin 20mg/kg group showed a significant rise in the reaction time to the corresponding time interval (p<0.001). While the simvastatin 5mg/kg group did not show any significant analgesic activity in the hot plate test. In the acetic acid writhing method, both test groups show a significant delay in the onset of writhing and a decrease in the number of writhes as compared to the vehicle control group (P<0.001). While in the formalin test, both groups show dose-dependent analgesic activity in both the early and late phases. Conclusion: Simvastatin exhibits analgesic activity in both central as well as peripheral models of analgesia, but central analgesia shows only at higher concentrations. Similarly, it inhibits inflammatory pain more predominantly than neurogenic, and hence simvastatin can be used in inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis particularly when there is coexisting dyslipidemia.
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Yun SW, Seo YJ, Kwon JE, Park DW, Lee YG, Choe TH, Kim SK, Lee HS, Kim H, Kang SC. Preclinical evaluation of Zanthoxylum piperitum Benn., traditional muscle pain remedy, for joint inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 286:114921. [PMID: 34921962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zanthoxylum piperitum has been used as a traditional Asian medicine to treat hypertension, stroke, bruise and muscle pain. It has been known to induce detoxification; affect anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, and tyrosinase activity; inhibit osteosarcoma proliferation; anti-osteoarthritis inflammation. In this study, we aim to identify the therapeutic effect of Z. piperitum 90% EtOH extract (ZPE-LR) on rheumatoid arthritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated the anti-rheumatoid arthritis and -immunomodulatory activities of the ZPE-LR in collagen-induced arthritic (CIA) mice, a rheumatoid arthritis animal model. In order to assess the analgesic effects of ZPE-LR in vivo, acetic acid injection, formaldehyde injection, hot plate model was used. The mechanism for anti-inflammatory activity of ZPE-LR was identified with LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. RESULTS Pharmacologically, oral administration of ZPE-LR into CIA mice resulted in a significant and dose-dependent decrease in clinical arthritis score and paw swelling compared to untreated negative control. Pathologic examination showed that ZPE-LR prevented morphological change in cartilage and destruction of phalanges in CIA mice. This protective effect was associated with reduced pain, inflammatory mediators such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, as well as COX-2 and iNOS expression. Furthermore, reduction of phosphor-ERK and BDNF indicates a novel rheumatoid arthritis-regulating mechanism by ZPE-LR treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the administration of ZPE-LR remarkably inhibited CIA progression and might be helpful in suppressing inflammation and pain in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Won Yun
- Chungbuk Technopark, Cheongju, 28115, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Eun Kwon
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dae Won Park
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeong-Geun Lee
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Hwan Choe
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., Seoul, 06800, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hak Sung Lee
- Food Science R&D Center, Kolmar BNH Co., Ltd., Seoul, 06800, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyunggun Kim
- Department of Bio-Mechatronic Engineering, Sungkyungkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Oriental Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Andelova K, Bacova BS, Sykora M, Hlivak P, Barancik M, Tribulova N. Mechanisms Underlying Antiarrhythmic Properties of Cardioprotective Agents Impacting Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1416. [PMID: 35163340 PMCID: PMC8835881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevention of cardiac life-threatening ventricular fibrillation and stroke-provoking atrial fibrillation remains a serious global clinical issue, with ongoing need for novel approaches. Numerous experimental and clinical studies suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation are deleterious to cardiovascular health, and can increase heart susceptibility to arrhythmias. It is quite interesting, however, that various cardio-protective compounds with antiarrhythmic properties are potent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agents. These most likely target the pro-arrhythmia primary mechanisms. This review and literature-based analysis presents a realistic view of antiarrhythmic efficacy and the molecular mechanisms of current pharmaceuticals in clinical use. These include the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors used in diabetes treatment, statins in dyslipidemia and naturally protective omega-3 fatty acids. This approach supports the hypothesis that prevention or attenuation of oxidative and inflammatory stress can abolish pro-arrhythmic factors and the development of an arrhythmia substrate. This could prove a powerful tool of reducing cardiac arrhythmia burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Andelova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.A.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Barbara Szeiffova Bacova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.A.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Matus Sykora
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.A.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Peter Hlivak
- Department of Arrhythmias and Pacing, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pod Krásnou Hôrkou 1, 83348 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Miroslav Barancik
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.A.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Narcis Tribulova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; (K.A.); (M.S.); (M.B.)
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10
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Gaballah A, Genedy D, Ghayaty E, El-Hawwary AA, Elmasry A. Standardized study of atorvastatin possible osteoarthritis disease-modifying effect in a rat model of osteoarthritis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2021; 36:296-305. [PMID: 34612533 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We studied the osteoarthritis (OA)-modifying effects of atorvastatin in an experimental OA rat model and possible underlining mechanisms. We used 62 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g): 32 rats were used to assess the effects of atorvastatin on surgically induced OA in the knee, and 30 rats were used to assess the potential inflammatory effects of carrageenan-induced paw edema. In the OA model, joint stiffness was assessed by measuring the knee extension angle, and pathological changes in the OA knee joint were determined by histological examination and the measurement of serum biochemical markers, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and reduced glutathione (GSH). In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, both paw thickness and pain threshold were assessed in different groups. Atorvastatin significantly improved joint stiffness, pathological changes, a significant mitigation of the higher MMP-13 and IL-1β, and a significant increase of reduced GSH in OA rats. Additionally, atorvastatin significantly improved both paw thickness and pain threshold in animals. Atorvastatin is a potential OA-modifying drug that warrants further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Gaballah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Doaa Genedy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Essam Ghayaty
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany A El-Hawwary
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahlam Elmasry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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11
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Kataoka T, Shuto H, Naoe S, Yano J, Kanzaki N, Sakoda A, Tanaka H, Hanamoto K, Mitsunobu F, Terato H, Yamaoka K. Radon inhalation decreases DNA damage induced by oxidative stress in mouse organs via the activation of antioxidative functions. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:861-867. [PMID: 34370027 PMCID: PMC8438471 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrab069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Radon inhalation decreases the level of lipid peroxide (LPO); this is attributed to the activation of antioxidative functions. This activation contributes to the beneficial effects of radon therapy, but there are no studies on the risks of radon therapy, such as DNA damage. We evaluated the effect of radon inhalation on DNA damage caused by oxidative stress and explored the underlying mechanisms. Mice were exposed to radon inhalation at concentrations of 2 or 20 kBq/m3 (for one, three, or 10 days). The 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels decreased in the brains of mice that inhaled 20 kBq/m3 radon for three days and in the kidneys of mice that inhaled 2 or 20 kBq/m3 radon for one, three or 10 days. The 8-OHdG levels in the small intestine decreased by approximately 20-40% (2 kBq/m3 for three days or 20 kBq/m3 for one, three or 10 days), but there were no significant differences in the 8-OHdG levels between mice that inhaled a sham treatment and those that inhaled radon. There was no significant change in the levels of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase, which plays an important role in DNA repair. However, the level of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 15-60% and 15-45% in the small intestine and kidney, respectively, following radon inhalation. These results suggest that Mn-SOD probably plays an important role in the inhibition of oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kataoka
- Corresponding author. Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. Phone: +81-86-235-7208;
| | - Hina Shuto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shota Naoe
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Junki Yano
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Norie Kanzaki
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 1550 Kamisaibara, Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama 708-0698, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sakoda
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 1550 Kamisaibara, Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama 708-0698, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Ningyo-toge Environmental Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 1550 Kamisaibara, Kagamino-cho, Tomata-gun, Okayama 708-0698, Japan
| | - Katsumi Hanamoto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Mitsunobu
- Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Terato
- Advanced Science Research Center Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Yamaoka
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, 5-1 Shikata-cho, 2-chome, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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12
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Lin TY, Lan WH, Chiu YF, Feng CL, Chiu CH, Kuo CJ, Lai CH. Statins' Regulation of the Virulence Factors of Helicobacter pylori and the Production of ROS May Inhibit the Development of Gastric Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1293. [PMID: 34439541 PMCID: PMC8389206 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, statins are used to treat high cholesterol levels. They exhibit pleiotropic effects, such as the prevention of cardiovascular disease and decreased cancer mortality. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers, ranking as the third leading global cause of cancer-related deaths, and is mainly attributed to chronic Helicobacter pylori infection. During their co-evolution with hosts, H. pylori has developed the ability to use the cellular components of the host to evade the immune system and multiply in intracellular niches. Certain H. pylori virulence factors, including cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA), and cholesterol-α-glucosyltransferase (CGT), have been shown to exploit host cholesterol during pathogenesis. Therefore, using statins to antagonize cholesterol synthesis might prove to be an ideal strategy for reducing the occurrence of H. pylori-related GC. This review discusses the current understanding of the interplay of H. pylori virulence factors with cholesterol and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which may prove to be novel therapeutic targets for the development of effective treatment strategies against H. pylori-associated GC. We also summarize the findings of several clinical studies on the association between statin therapy and the development of GC, especially in terms of cancer risk and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (W.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Research Center for Emerging Viral, Infections Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsi Lan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (W.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Research Center for Emerging Viral, Infections Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fang Chiu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (W.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Research Center for Emerging Viral, Infections Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Lung Feng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 30272, Taiwan;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Research, School of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsun Chiu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (W.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Research Center for Emerging Viral, Infections Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (T.-Y.L.); (W.-H.L.); (Y.-F.C.); (C.-H.C.)
- Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ho Lai
- Research Center for Emerging Viral, Infections Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Research, School of Medicine, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Molecular Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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13
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Prince MRU, Zihad SMNK, Ghosh P, Sifat N, Rouf R, Al Shajib GM, Alam MA, Shilpi JA, Uddin SJ. Amaranthus spinosus Attenuated Obesity-Induced Metabolic Disorders in High-Carbohydrate-High-Fat Diet-Fed Obese Rats. Front Nutr 2021; 8:653918. [PMID: 34041259 PMCID: PMC8142894 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.653918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaranthus spinosus is a common vegetable of Bangladesh and well-known for its ethnomedicinal uses. In this study, we have evaluated the ability of powdered supplementation, methanol extract, and aqueous extract of A. spinosus in attenuating in high-carbohydrate-high-fat (HCHF) diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic disorders in female obese rates. Several parameters have been analyzed in this study including body weight, organ weight, fat deposition, glycemic status, lipid levels, hepatic and renal biomarkers, hepatic antioxidant status, and hepatosteatosis. All three samples of A. spinosus significantly reduced weight gain, organ weight, and abdominal fat deposition. Improved glucose tolerance and lipid parameters were seen in obese rats administered with A. spinosus powder, methanol extract, and aqueous extract. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatine kinase levels were normalized by the test samples. A. spinosus boosted hepatic antioxidant levels including reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Histopathology of liver tissue revealed increased fat infiltration and higher steatosis score in HCHF diet-fed obese rats which was brought down by A. spinosus. Analyzing all the results it can be concluded that this medicinal herb is beneficial in the management of obesity and obesity-induced metabolic disorders, making it a prospective food supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. M. Neamul Kabir Zihad
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Puja Ghosh
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Nazifa Sifat
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Razina Rouf
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Biophysics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Gazi Mohammad Al Shajib
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ashraful Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jamil A. Shilpi
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh J. Uddin
- Pharmacy Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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14
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Skiold LCJ, Estefania RPP, Carolina GPMP, Mery LMR, Fernando CHE, Jair LC. Synergistic interaction between B vitamins and statins to counter nociception in rats. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:440-447. [PMID: 33305435 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the antinociceptive activity of various drugs can be increased when administered in combination with B vitamins (BVs). The aim of this study was to examine the potential interaction between statins and BVs to counter nociception, the latter measured by the formalin test. Rats were orally administered atorvastatin (1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg), pravastatin (1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg), rosuvastatin (1, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg), BVs (31, 56, 100 and 180 mg/kg) or calculated combinations of BVs with each drug. The effective dose 30 (ED30 ) was calculated for each statin and BVs and subjected to isobolographic analysis, thus finding the ED30 of the combinations. The antinociceptive experimental ED30 values for BVs administered with atorvastatin, pravastatin or rosuvastatin were 1.53 ± 0.38, 6.74 ± 0.04 and 4.26 ± 0.39, respectively, being lower (p < .05) than the corresponding theoretical ED30 : 28.02 ± 2.20, 28.17 ± 2.20 and 29.86 ± 2.21. Since BVs likely boost the antinociceptive effect of statins, these combinations could possibly be advantageous in pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- López-Canales Jorge Skiold
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - García-Paz María Paola Carolina
- Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General de Zona Regional No. 25, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - López-Mayorga Ruth Mery
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Castillo-Henkel Enrique Fernando
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina de Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Lozano-Cuenca Jair
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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15
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Ariyo OO, Ajayi AM, Ben-Azu B, Aderibigbe AO. Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract and fractions of Morus mesozygia Stapf (Moraceae) leaves and its underlying mechanisms in rodents. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112934. [PMID: 32387467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Morus mesozygia Stapf (Moraceae), commonly known as African mulberry, is traditionally used for the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatism and dermatitis. AIM This work aimed to evaluate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of its ethanol (EEMm) extract, and ethylacetate fraction (EAFMm). METHODS The anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of ethanol extracts of M. mesozygia (EEMm), and its ethylacetate (EAFMm) and residual aqueous fraction (RAFMm) was evaluated in hotplate, acetic acid and formalin tests and as well in membrane stabilizing assay and carrageenan-induced paw oedema models. Mechanism of anti-inflammation of EAFMm was investigated in the carrageenan-induced air-pouch model. RESULTS In the hot plate test of nociception, only the EAFMm showed significant (p < 0.05) anti-nociceptive activity. The extract and fractions significantly reduced number of writhing with EAFMm (400 mg/kg) showing highest inhibition (66.5%) in the acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. EEMm and EAFMm (400 mg/kg) significantly reduced the paw licking time in the early and late phases of the formalin test. The extract and fractions showed good membrane stabilizing activity comparable to indomethacin. EAFMm (100 and 400 mg/kg) showed the highest inhibition of paw oedema (53.4% and 58.1%) in the carrageenan-induced paw oedema model. The EAFMm (100 and 400 mg/kg) reduced exudate volume relative to carrageenan-control (2.64 ± 0.22, 2.08 ± 0.15 vs 3.83 ± 0.18 mL) and neutrophils (8.98 ± 1.36, 8.00 ± 0.22 vs 20.51 ± 1.14) in carrageenan-induced pouch. EAFMm significantly reduced exudate volume, pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of COX-2 and NFκB. CONCLUSION M. mesozygia leaves demonstrated anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities by suppressing oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2, and nuclear factor kappa B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwakemi O Ariyo
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria; Pharmacy Department, Health Services Directorate, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria.
| | - Abayomi M Ajayi
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria.
| | - Benneth Ben-Azu
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, PAMO University of Medical Sciences, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
| | - Adegbuyi O Aderibigbe
- Neuropharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria.
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16
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Lee C, So CH. The Impact of Perioperative Use of a Statin-Magnesium Combination on Opioid Consumption in Patients Who Underwent Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study with Propensity-Score Matching. Chonnam Med J 2020; 56:130-135. [PMID: 32509560 PMCID: PMC7250675 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2020.56.2.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Both statins and magnesium are associated with NMDA receptors and anti-inflammatory effect. Peripheral NMDA receptors are known to be involved in inflammation-induced pain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of perioperative use of a statin–magnesium combination on opioid consumption in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. This was a retrospective study of 542 patients who underwent cardiac surgery. The patients were divided into two groups according to statin use: the statin–magnesium group (n=375) and the magnesium-only group (n=167). Patients in the magnesium-only group received only perioperative magnesium, but no statins, to prevent atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery. After propensity-score matching, 228 patients (n=114 in each group) were analyzed to investigate opioid consumption, visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores over a 72-h period, and pain outcomes according to the duration of statin treatment (<1 or ≥1 yr). The consumed opioid volume was significantly smaller in statin–magnesium group than the magnesium-only group, both before (p=0.010) and after matching (p=0.017). The statin–magnesium combination did not significantly reduce the VAS pain scores compared with magnesium alone. Although the statin–magnesium combination did not significantly reduce the pain intensity compared with magnesium alone, the combination therapy was effective in reducing opioid consumption after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheol Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Cheol Hwan So
- Department of Pediatrics, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
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17
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Le HTT, Park J, Ha J, Kusumaningrum S, Paik JH, Cho S. Synedrella nodiflora (Linn.) Gaertn. inhibits inflammatory responses through the regulation of Syk in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:1153-1162. [PMID: 32765663 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synedrella nodiflora (Linn.) Gaertn. (S. nodiflora) has long been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including liver disease, asthma, rheumatism and earache, in tropical countries throughout America, Asia and Africa. However, the biological effects of S. nodiflora have not been extensively studied at the molecular level. Notably, it remains unclear how S. nodiflora exerts anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of a methanol extract of S. nodiflora (MSN) in RAW 264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of MSN (≤400 µg/ml) decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which resulted in a decrease in nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was reduced upon MSN treatment. In addition, the activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Akt was suppressed by MSN. Taken together, these findings recommend the traditional medicinal application of S. nodiflora in the treatment of several inflammation-associated diseases and indicate the possibility of MSN as a novel therapeutic reagent of inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Thi Thu Le
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jain Ha
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Susi Kusumaningrum
- Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Deputy for Agroindustrial Technology and Biotechnology, The Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Tangerang, Banten 15310, Indonesia
| | - Jin Hyub Paik
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sayeon Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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18
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Elkady MA, Shalaby S, Fathi F, El-Mandouh S. Effects of quercetin and rosuvastatin each alone or in combination on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in female albino mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:1283-1295. [PMID: 31370695 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119865588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide (CP) causes premature ovarian failure (POF) due to ovarian toxicity. The toxicity mechanism is attributed to oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. We assessed whether quercetin and rosuvastatin could promote ovarian protection against CP ovotoxicity. METHODS A total of 80 female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned; 10 mice into each of eight groups. Group 1 (control), group 2 (EH), group 3 (CP), group 4 (QH), group 5 (QL), group 6 (RH), group 7 (RL), and group 8 (COM). RESULTS Quercetin and rosuvastatin groups (4:8) showed signs of restored ovarian function in the form of a significant, dose-dependent increase in primordial follicles number, serum anti-Mullerian hormone level, and ovarian tissue glutathione level (p < 0.05) versus group 3, and a significant, dose-dependent decrease in atretic follicles number and ovarian tissue level of malondialdehyde (p < 0.05) versus group 3. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated a lower expression of caspase and nuclear factor-kappa B of groups (4:8) versus group 3, although quercetin and rosuvastatin showed a nonsignificant reduction in tumor volume. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the protective effect of quercetin and rosuvastatin against ovarian toxicity and POF induced by CP without compromising its antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Elkady
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - S Shalaby
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - F Fathi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - S El-Mandouh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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19
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Sneyd JR, Colvin LA, Columb MO, Nightingale T. Perioperative statins surgery and postoperative pain. Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:712-715. [PMID: 29121300 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J R Sneyd
- Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth University, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
| | - L A Colvin
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M O Columb
- Intensive Care Unit, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | - T Nightingale
- Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth University, Plymouth PL6 8BU, UK
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20
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Saasouh W, Leung S, Yilmaz HO, Koyuncu O, You J, Zimmerman NM, Ruetzler K, Turan A. Are perioperative therapeutic doses of statins associated with postoperative pain and opioid consumption after hip surgery under spinal anaesthesia? Br J Anaesth 2019; 119:803-811. [PMID: 29121296 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anti-inflammatory effects of statins have been suggested to relieve postoperative pain. This retrospective study tested the association between the perioperative routine use of statins in therapeutic doses, and opioid requirements and pain scores, after hip replacement surgery. Methods With IRB approval, data was obtained for adult patients who had elective hip replacement surgery under spinal anaesthesia at Cleveland Clinic between 2005 and 2015. Patients were compared using a joint hypothesis framework. We used the inverse probability of treatment weighting method to control for observed confounding factors (a total of 26). Results We included 611 statin users and 780 non-statin users. Pain score during the initial 72 h after surgery was 0.07 higher (95% CI: -0.02, 0.17) in statin users (noninferiority test in both directions P<0.001). The estimated ratio of geometric means in the cumulative i.v. morphine equivalent opioid consumption was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.93, 1.10) for statin vs non-statin users (noninferiority test P=0.001 in the hypothesized direction and<0.001 in the other direction) during the initial 72 h after surgery. The statin and non-statin patients were deemed equivalent on postoperative opioid consumption and pain score. Conclusions This is the first large retrospective clinical study that investigates the effects of statin use on postoperative pain and opioid consumption. We observed no difference between statin users and non-users during the initial 72 h after hip surgery. Our findings do not support the routine use of statins as part of an analgesic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Saasouh
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of General Anaesthesiology, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S Leung
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - H O Yilmaz
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.,Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - O Koyuncu
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Tayfur Ata Sökmen Medical Faculty, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - J You
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - N M Zimmerman
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio, USA
| | - K Ruetzler
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - A Turan
- Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Pantea M, Negovan A, Voidăzan S, Macarie M, Mocan S, Băţagă S. Statins and gastroduodenal endoscopic lesions: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13579. [PMID: 30558024 PMCID: PMC6319985 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental studies showed a dose-dependent gastroprotective effect of statins on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced endoscopic lesions, modulated by increasing endogenous nitric oxide and prostaglandin production.We investigated the influence of chronic treatment with statins on the occurrence of endoscopic lesions in patients referred for endoscopic evaluation, adjusted for the most important etiologic and risk factors for peptic ulcer disease and its complications.A consecutive series of 564 patients who underwent upper digestive endoscopy, stratified according to the severity of endoscopic lesions were recruited. Patients with statin therapy were included in the study group (n = 220), while patients without statins in the control group (n = 344). We correlate the influence of chronic statin therapy (at least 6 months) with factors including age up to 50 years, Helicobacter pylori infection, smoking and drinking habits, ulcer history, gastrotoxic drug consumption (low-dose aspirin [ASA], anticoagulants), and comorbidities.H pylori infection was more frequent in patients with mild/severe endoscopic lesions vs. no lesions, in both groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (P >.05). Male gender represented a risk factor (P <.01) for mild/severe endoscopic lesions only in the statin group. The estimated risk for developing mild/severe endoscopic lesions with ASA intake decreased from 6.26 to 3.40 (P <.01) when statin therapy was associated. Patients without statins and ischemic coronary artery disease (P <.01; odds ratio [OR] = 2.99; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.88-4.73), heart failure (P = .01; OR = 2.13; 95% CI:1.36-3.34), systemic atherosclerosis (P = .04; OR = 2.30; 95% CI:1.44-3.67) had a statistically significant increased risk for developing mild/severe endoscopic lesions in comparison with patients in the statin group. In multivariate regression analysis models, smoking (P <.01; OR = 2.69; 95% CI:1.73-4.16), ASA (P <.01; OR = 4.54; 95% CI:2.83-7.16), and coronary artery diseases (P = .01; OR = 1.80; 95% CI:1.15-2.82) were independent risk factors for mild/severe endoscopic lesions, while chronic statin therapy (P <.01; OR = 0.31; 95% CI:0.19-0.51) was associated with a protective effect in all models.The results of the present study support a certain protective role of chronic therapy with statins against endoscopic lesions, especially in ASA consumers or patients with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pantea
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinical Science-Internal Medicine
| | - Anca Negovan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinical Science-Internal Medicine
| | - Septimiu Voidăzan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Functional and Additional Science
| | - Melania Macarie
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinical Science-Internal Medicine
| | - Simona Mocan
- Emergency County Hospital, Pathological Department, Tirgu Mures
| | - Simona Băţagă
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Clinical Science-Internal Medicine
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22
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Husain I, Akhtar M, Madaan T, Abdin MZ, Islamuddin M, Najmi AK. Rosuvastatin alleviates high-salt and cholesterol diet-induced cognitive impairment in rats via Nrf2-ARE pathway. Redox Rep 2018; 23:168-179. [PMID: 29961403 PMCID: PMC6748700 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2018.1492774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of our study were to investigate the possible effect of rosuvastatin in ameliorating high salt and cholesterol diet (HSCD)-induced cognitive impairment and to also investigate its possible action via the Nrf2-ARE pathway. METHODS In silico studies were performed to check the theoretical binding of rosuvastatin to the Nrf2 target. HSCD was used to induce cognitive impairment in rats and neurobehavioral studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy of rosuvastatin in enhancing cognition. Biochemical analyses were used to estimate changes in oxidative markers. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses were done to check Nrf2 translocation. TUNEL and caspase 3 tests were performed to evaluate reversal of apoptosis by rosuvastatin. RESULTS Rosuvastatin showed good theoretical affinity to Nrf2, significantly reversed changes in oxidative biomarkers which were induced by HSCD, and also improved the performance of rats in the neurobehavioral test. A rise in nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was revealed through immunohistochemical analysis and western blot. TUNEL staining and caspase 3 activity showed attenuation of apoptosis. DISCUSSION We have investigated a novel mechanism of action for rosuvastatin (via the Nrf2-ARE pathway) and demonstrated that it has the potential to be used in the treatment of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Husain
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Tushar Madaan
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Malik Zainul Abdin
- b Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences , Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Mohammad Islamuddin
- b Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences , Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- a Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research , Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) , New Delhi , India
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23
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Topical atorvastatin 1% for prevention of skin toxicity in patients receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 75:171-178. [PMID: 30291370 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-018-2570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study was to investigate the preventive effect of topical administration of atorvastatin (ATV) on the acute radiation-induced skin toxicity in patients with breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to use topical ATV 1% or placebo gels during radiotherapy twice daily. Radiation-induced dermatitis was classified according to the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) criteria, as well as pain and itching were scored according to VAS (visual analogue scale) for 6 weeks of treatment. RESULTS Topical administration of ATV gel during radiotherapy reduced significantly radiation-induced breast swelling, itching, and pain in breast cancer patients by factors of 1.8, 1.7, and 1.5, respectively. ATV reduced the redness caused by radiotherapy in patients as compared with placebo; however, this difference was statistically not significant. CONCLUSION ATV was able to reduce significantly itching, breast edema, and pain in patients during radiotherapy.
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24
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Hasanvand A, Ahmadizar F, Abbaszadeh A, Amini-Khoei H, Goudarzi M, Abbasnezhad A, Choghakhori R. The Antinociceptive Effects of Rosuvastatin in Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Male Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2018; 9:251-260. [PMID: 30519383 PMCID: PMC6276538 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.4.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: According to studies, statins possess analgesics and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we examined the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of rosuvastatin in an experimental model of Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI). Methods: Our study was conducted on four groups; sham, CCI (the control group), CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 5 mg/kg), and CCI+rosuvastatin (i.p. 10 mg/kg). We performed heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia tests on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st after inducing CCI. Blood samples were collected to measure the serum levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, and Interleukin (IL)-6. Rats’ spinal cords were also examined to measure tissue concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) enzymes. Results: Our findings showed that CCI resulted in significant increase in heat hyperalgesia, cold and mechanical allodynia on the 7th, 14th and 21st day. Rosuvastatin use attenuated the CCI-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia. Rosuvastatin use also resulted in reduction of TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels. However, rosuvastatin therapy increased the concentration of SOD and GPx in the CCI+Ros (5 mg/kg) and the CCI+Ros (10 mg/kg) groups compared to the CCI group. Conclusion: Rosuvastatin attenuated the CCI-induced neuropathic pain and inflammation. Thus, antinociceptive effects of rosuvastatin might be channeled through inhibition of inflammatory biomarkers and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Hasanvand
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Fariba Ahmadizar
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Abolfazl Abbaszadeh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Abbasnezhad
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Razieh Choghakhori
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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25
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Husain I, Akhtar M, Madaan T, Vohora D, Abdin MZ, Islamuddin M, Najmi AK. Tannins Enriched Fraction of Emblica officinalis Fruits Alleviates High-Salt and Cholesterol Diet-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats via Nrf2-ARE Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:23. [PMID: 29441016 PMCID: PMC5797548 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern diets containing high quantities of salt and cholesterol have exhibited to cause a considerable effect on our health. Such diets, when consumed in the long term, have also shown to be a precursor to several disorders such as the metabolic disorder and consequently, various other diseases, including cognitive deficits. In the present study, we used a high salt and cholesterol diet (HSCD) to induce cognitive impairment in rats and also investigated the pharmacological action of tannins enriched fractions of Emblica officinalis (EOT) – a fruit that has been traditionally used for the treatment of numerous disorders for centuries. Significant alterations in MDA, GSH, TBARS, GPx, mitochondrial ATP, and mitochondrial membrane potential levels were observed in rats fed HSCD, which indicated presence of oxidative stress. Moreover, classic signs of cognitive impairment and deficits in spatial learning and memory were observed in the neurobehavioral tests. E. officinalis tannins exhibited good affinity to Nrf2 receptors in in silico studies, significantly reversed the changes in the aforementioned biomarkers of oxidative stress which were altered in the model group, as well as improved the performance of rats in Morris water maze task. Our results also reflected that EOT supplementation significantly increased the expression of Nrf2 in the CA1 region of hippocampus and cortex. Additionally, TUNEL assay indicated that EOT supplementation led to reversal of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis caused by HSCD. Immunohistochemical analysis and western blot further revealed a surge in the nuclear location of Nrf2. Through our study, we have demonstrated that cognitive impairment can be caused in rats via HSCD as a result of the oxidative stress induced by the same. Additionally, we have investigated a novel mechanism of action for EOT (which strongly suggests to be via the Nrf2–ARE pathway) and demonstrated that it has the potential to be used in the treatment of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Husain
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Tushar Madaan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Malik Z Abdin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Islamuddin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul K Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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26
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Husain I, Akhtar M, Shaharyar M, Islamuddin M, Abdin MZ, Akhtar MJ, Najmi AK. High-salt- and cholesterol diet-associated cognitive impairment attenuated by tannins-enriched fraction of Emblica officinalis via inhibiting NF-kB pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:147-156. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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27
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Lovastatin inhibits visceral allodynia and increased colonic permeability induced by lipopolysaccharide or repeated water avoidance stress in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 818:228-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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28
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Kebapcilar AG, Ilhan TT, Dursunoglu D, Kebapcilar L, Ipekci SH, Baldane S, Ucar MG, Kirac CO, Kurt K, Celik C. Efficacy comparison of oral rosuvastatin versus oral progesterone and bevacizumab on regression of surgically endometriotic implants in rats. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:923-927. [PMID: 28452240 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1320384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study hypothesizes that oral rosuvastatin, oral dienogest and intraperitoneal bevacizumab might improve endometriosis in randomly selected female Wistar albino rats with surgically endometriotic implants. Thirty female Wistar albino rats with surgically endometriotic implants were randomized into three treatment groups: oral rosuvastatin (20 mg kg/day; oral rosuvastatin group 1; n = 10), oral progesterone (dienogest group 2; n = 10) and intraperitoneal bevacizumab (2.5 mg/kg of single intraperitoneal injection of bevacizumab; bevacizumab group 3; n = 10), for 10 days. Post-treatment variables were compared. The oral rosuvastatin group showed higher reduction for the glandular epithelium and uterine vessels of histopathological scores values than the oral progesterone group (both, p < 0.017, respectively). The median glandular epithelium and uterine vessels and histopathological scores values did not show a statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 3 (p > 0.017). Endometrial thickness values and uterine volume values were more significantly reduced in the oral rosuvastatin group than the oral progesterone group (both, p < 0.017, respectively). Moreover, endometrial thickness and uterine volume values were not different in groups wecompared with group 3 (p > 0.017). In conclusion, oral rosuvastatin and intraperitoneal injection of bevacizumab may cause more significant regression of surgically endometriotic implants in rats than oral progesterone medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse G Kebapcilar
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Tolgay T Ilhan
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Duygu Dursunoglu
- b Department of Histology and Embryology , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey , and
| | - Levent Kebapcilar
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Suleyman H Ipekci
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Suleyman Baldane
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Mustafa G Ucar
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Cem O Kirac
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Kubra Kurt
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
| | - Cetin Celik
- a Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Selcuk University , Konya , Turkey
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29
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Ala S, Alvandipour M, Saeedi M, Hamidian M, Shiva A, Rahmani N, Faramarzi F. Effects of Topical Atorvastatin (2 %) on Posthemorrhoidectomy Pain and Wound Healing: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. World J Surg 2017; 41:596-602. [PMID: 27738832 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-016-3749-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atorvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitor widely used in treatment of hypercholesterolemia and prevention of coronary heart disease and has various pleiotropic effects. In this study, the efficacy of atorvastatin emulgel (2 %) in reducing postoperative pain at rest, pain during defecation and analgesic requirement after open hemorrhoidectomy was investigated. METHODS A total of 66 patients with third- and fourth-degree hemorrhoids undergoing open hemorrhoidectomy were included in this prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. The patients were randomly assigned to either atorvastatin emulgel or placebo immediately after surgery and then every 12 h for 14 days. The primary outcomes were intensity of pain at rest and during defecation, measured with a visual analog scale, and the analgesic requirement, measured by amount of pethidine and acetaminophen consumption, and percent of wound healing. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the average postoperative pain scores in the first 48 h (P 12h = 1, P 24h = 0.128 and P 48h = 0.079) after the surgery between the two groups, but at the week 1 the pain scores during defecation were considerably lower in the atorvastatin group than in placebo group (P = 0.004), which also was the same at the week 2 (P = 0.03). There was no significant difference in the average pethidine and acetaminophen (mg) administration at 12 h and 24 h between the two groups after surgery. Regarding the data about wound healing, at the week two the healing was much better in the treatment group than it was in control group and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Compared with placebo, atorvastatin emulgel reduced postoperative pain at rest and on defecation and could improve the healing process after open hemorrhoidectomy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT201404013014N8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Ala
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Mina Alvandipour
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
| | - Majid Saeedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Maliheh Hamidian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Afshin Shiva
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inpatient's Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nasrin Rahmani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faramarzi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran Province, Iran
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30
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Effect of simvastatin on sensorial, motor, and morphological parameters in sciatic nerve crush induced-neuropathic pain in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2017; 26:793-804. [PMID: 29188473 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-017-0425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study compares the effects of a low and high doses of simvastatin in a model of peripheral neuropathy by evaluating sensorial, motor, and morphological parameters. First, male Wistar rats were orally treated with vehicle (saline, 1 mL/kg), simvastatin (2 and 80 mg/kg) or morphine (2 mg/kg, s.c.), 1 h before 2.5% formalin injection. Neuropathic pain was induced by crushing the sciatic nerve, and mechanical and cold allodynia, nerve function, histology, MPO and NAG concentrations, as well as mevalonate induced-nociception were evaluated. Animals were orally treated with vehicle, simvastatin, or gabapentin (30 mg/kg) for 18 days. Simvastatin (2 and 80 mg/kg) reduced the inflammatory pain induced by formalin, but failed to decrease the paw edema. Mechanical allodynia was reduced by the simvastatin (2 mg/kg) until the 12th day after injury and until the 18th day by gabapentin. However, both simvastatin and gabapentin treatments failed in attenuated cold allodynia or improved motor function. Interestingly, both doses of simvastatin showed a neuroprotective effect and inhibited MPO activity without altering kidney and hepatic parameters. Additionally, only the higher dose of simvastatin reduced the cholesterol levels and the nociception induced by mevalonate. Our results reinforce the antinociceptive, antiallodynic, and anti-inflammatory effects of oral simvastatin administration, which can strongly contribute to the sciatic nerve morphology preservation. Furthermore, our data suggest that lower and higher doses of simvastatin present beneficial effects that are dependent and independent of the mevalonate pathway, respectively, without causing signs of nerve damage.
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31
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Miranda HF, Sierralta F, Aranda N, Poblete P, Castillo RL, Noriega V, Prieto JC. Antinociception induced by rosuvastatin in murine neuropathic pain. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 70:503-508. [PMID: 29660653 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain, and subsequent hypernociception, can be induced in mice by paclitaxel (PTX) administration and partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL). Its pharmacotherapy has been a clinical challenge, due to a lack of effective treatment. In two models of mouse neuropathic pain (PTX and PSNL) the antinociception induced by rosuvastatin and the participation of proinflammatory biomarkers, interleukin (IL)- 1β, TBARS and glutathione were evaluated. METHODS A dose-response curve for rosuvastatin ip was obtained on cold plate, hot plate and Von Frey assays. Changes on spinal cord levels of IL-1β, glutathione and lipid peroxidation were measured at 7 and 14days in PTX and PSNL murine models. RESULTS PTX or PSNL were able to induce in mice peripheral neuropathy with hypernociception, either to 7 and 14days. Rosuvastatin induced a dose dependent antinociception in hot plate, cold plate and Von Frey assays. The increased levels of IL-1β or TBARS induced by pretreatment with PTX or PSNL were reduced by rosuvastatin. The reduction of spinal cord glutathione, by PTX or PSNL, expressed as the ratio GSH/GSSG, were increased significantly in animals pretreated with rosuvastatin. The anti-inflammatory properties of statins could underlie their beneficial effects on neuropathic pain by reduction of proinflammatory biomarkers and activation of glia. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest a potential usefulness of rosuvastatin in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo F Miranda
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Fernando Sierralta
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Nicolas Aranda
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Paula Poblete
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo L Castillo
- Physiophathology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Viviana Noriega
- Cardiovascular Department, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan Carlos Prieto
- Pharmacology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Cardiovascular Department, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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32
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Husain I, Akhtar M, Abdin MZ, Islamuddin M, Shaharyar M, Najmi AK. Rosuvastatin ameliorates cognitive impairment in rats fed with high-salt and cholesterol diet via inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and amyloid beta peptide aggregation. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:399-411. [PMID: 28441890 DOI: 10.1177/0960327117705431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide aggregation and cholinergic neurodegeneration are involved in the development of cognitive impairment. Therefore, in this article, we examined rosuvastatin (RSV), an oral hypolipidemic drug, to determine its potential as a dual inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Aβ peptide aggregation for the treatment of cognitive impairment. Molecular docking study was done to examine the affinity of RSV with Aβ1-42 and AChE in silico. We also employed neurobehavioral activity tests, biochemical estimation, and histopathology to study the anti-Aβ1-42 aggregation capability of RSV in vivo. Molecular docking study provided evidence that RSV has the best binding conformer at its receptor site or active site of an enzyme. The cognitive impairment in female Wistar rats was induced by high-salt and cholesterol diet (HSCD) ad libitum for 8 weeks. RSV ameliorated serum cholesterol level, AChE activity, and Aβ1-42 peptide aggregations in HSCD induced cognitive impairment. In addition, RSV-treated rats showed greater scores in the open field (locomotor activity) test. Moreover, the histopathological studies in the hippocampus and cortex of rat brain also supported that RSV markedly reduced the cognitive impairment and preserved the normal histoarchitectural pattern of the hippocampus and cortex. Taken together, these data indicate that RSV may act as a dual inhibitor of AChE and Aβ1-42 peptide aggregation, therefore suggesting a therapeutic strategy for cognitive impairment treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Husain
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Akhtar
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Zainul Abdin
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Islamuddin
- 2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - M Shaharyar
- 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - A K Najmi
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Husain I, Akhtar M, Vohora D, Abdin MZ, Islamuddin M, Akhtar MJ, Najmi AK. Rosuvastatin Attenuates High-Salt and Cholesterol Diet Induced Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment via Preventing Nuclear Factor KappaB Pathway. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2404-2416. [PMID: 28417263 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2264-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent attention is focused on the impact of diet on health and mental well-being. High-salt and cholesterol diet (HSCD) is known to be associated with neuroinflammation which is the predominant factor for neurodegenerative disease like Alzheimer disease (AD). In the present study, we examined the neuroprotective potential of rosuvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor against HSCD induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. Our results demonstrated that HSCD-induced cognitive impairment as determined by Morris water maze (MWM) task. HSCD also activated nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kB) signaling pathway. The cytokine response was measured using a cytometric bead-based assay quantified by flow cytometry. Treatment with rosuvastatin decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) in a dose-dependent manner. Our results also demonstrated that the rosuvastatin modulates neuronal cell death by inhibiting the overexpression of NF-kB in the CA1 region of hippocampus. In addition, molecular docking study of rosuvastatin indicated high affinity and tighter binding capacity for the active site of the NF-kB. These results suggest that HSCD-triggered inflammatory response and cognitive impairment may be associated with NF-κB signaling pathway. Therefore, treatment with rosuvastatin could be a potential new therapeutic strategy for sporadic dementia of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibraheem Husain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Malik Zainul Abdin
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Islamuddin
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohd Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Mansouri MT, Naghizadeh B, Ghorbanzadeh B, Alboghobeish S. Systemic and local anti-nociceptive effects of simvastatin in the rat formalin assay: Role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and nitric oxide. J Neurosci Res 2017; 95:1776-1785. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Mansouri
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmacy, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Bahareh Naghizadeh
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmacy, Pain Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Behnam Ghorbanzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences; Dezful Iran
| | - Soheila Alboghobeish
- Department of Pharmacology; School of Pharmacy, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
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Lee EJ, Song KJ, Hwang HJ, Kim KS. Effectiveness of atorvastatin in suppressingMUC5ACgene expression in human airway epithelial cells. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2016; 6:1159-1166. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.21811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Kee Jae Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Catholic Kwandong University; International St. Mary's Hospital Incheon Korea
| | - Hye Jin Hwang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Kyung-Su Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Feng A, Chuang E, Wu SH, Wang JC, Chang SN, Lin CL, Kao CH. The effect of statins on the occurrence of peptic ulcer. Eur J Intern Med 2015; 26:731-5. [PMID: 26226858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was to determine the association between the use of statins and the occurrence of peptic ulcer diseases (PUD). METHODS Using the National Health Insurance Research Database to conduct a population-based cohort study. We identified 48,562 patients who were newly diagnosed with hyperlipidemia during the period of 1998 to 2011 and who were divided into two groups based on their use of statins. The non-statin cohort (without statin treatment, 24,139 patients) were 1:1 frequency matched with sex, age, year of diagnosis of hyperlipidemia and index-year to the statin cohort (24,423 patients). The relative risk of patients with and without statins treatment on the occurrence of PUD and concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and aspirin were analyzed using the univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS The incidence of PUD increased with age in both cohorts and female had a higher occurrence rate than male in both cohorts. Compared with the non-statin cohort, the statin cohort was associated with a significant lower risk of PUD for all age group. The concomitant use of aspirin and/or NSAIDs had higher incidence of PUD than those without in both cohorts. Analyzing the cumulative defined daily dose (DDD) of statins indicated that high-dose groups (≧ 575 DDD) exhibited significantly decreased risk compared with non-statin users. CONCLUSION The results of the present study indicated that statins might be associated with the protection of peptic ulcer in a dose-respondent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anning Feng
- Division of Cardiology, Cheng Hisn General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Nation Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Chuang
- UC Berkeley Mishler Lab Undergraduate Researcher, Intended B.S. Molecular and Cell Biology, University of CA, Berkeley, USA
| | - Szu-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Chi Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Veterans General Hospital Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan; National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ni Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Licarete E, Sesarman A, Banciu M. Exploitation of pleiotropic actions of statins by using tumour-targeted delivery systems. J Microencapsul 2015; 32:619-31. [PMID: 26299551 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2015.1073383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Statins are drugs traditionally used to lower cholesterol levels in blood. At concentrations 100- to 500-fold higher than those needed for reaching cholesterol lowering activity, they have anti-tumour activity. This anti-tumour activity is based on statins pleiotropic effects derived from their ability to inhibit the mevalonate synthesis and include anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-metastatic actions and modulatory effects on intra-tumour oxidative stress. Thus, in this review, we summarise the possible pleiotropic actions of statins involved in tumour growth inhibition. Since the administration of these high doses of statins is accompanied by severe side effects, targeted delivery of statins seems to be the appropriate strategy for efficient application of statins in oncology. Therefore, we also present an overview of the current status of targeted delivery systems for statins with possible utilisation in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Licarete
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania and.,b Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Alina Sesarman
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania and.,b Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Manuela Banciu
- a Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania and.,b Molecular Biology Centre, Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
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Effects of simvastatin, ezetimibe, and their combination on histopathologic alterations caused by adjuvant-induced arthritis. Inflammation 2015; 37:1035-43. [PMID: 24493323 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-014-9826-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of monotherapy with simvastatin or ezetimibe compared with those of an ezetimibe + simvastatin combination on the histopathologic aspects of arthritis induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant in rats. The characteristics of diarthrosis were analyzed 7 and 28 days after arthritis induction with regard to the regularity and integrity of articular cartilage, the presence of leukocytes in blood vessels at the inflammation site, and the cytokine levels in articular tissue. Monotherapy with simvastatin or ezetimibe and the ezetimibe + simvastatin combination effectively reduced the cytokine levels (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor) and articular lesions that are characteristic of this experimental disease. Although the results did not reveal significant differences between the monotherapy and the combined therapy, they suggest that these drugs have considerable antiinflammatory properties, as reflected by an attenuation of articular cartilage lesions mediated by a reduction in the levels of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Atorvastatin exerts anti-nociceptive activity and decreases serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and tumor necrosis factor-α in a rat endometriosis model. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 290:999-1006. [PMID: 24913463 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of atorvastatin in the treatment of experimental endometriosis. METHODS Endometriosis was induced in 24 female rats. 4 weeks after the procedure dimensions of the foci were recorded. Rats were divided into three groups: in Group 1 (n = 8), a daily dose of 10 mg/kg atorvastatin was given for 14 days. In the second group (n = 8), a single dose of 1 mg/kg leuprolide acetate was injected intraperitoneally. The rats in Group 3 (n = 8) were received 1 mg/kg i.p. 0.9 % NaCl. At the end of the treatment, laparotomy was performed, and the dimensions of the endometriotic foci were recorded. Biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed and nociception was compared in groups. RESULTS Atorvastatin treatment exhibited significant analgesic activity in hot plate model (P = 0.022). The serum hs-CRP and tumor necrosis TNF-α levels were similar between the Group 2 and Group 3 (P > 0.05); however atorvastatin caused significant decrease in both serum markers. The histological and immunohistochemical scores were also found to be markedly lower in Group 1 and Group 2 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Atorvastatin treatment may have a therapeutic potential in the treatment of endometriosis through its anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties.
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Antinociceptive effects of radon inhalation on formalin-induced inflammatory pain in mice. Inflammation 2013; 36:355-63. [PMID: 23086656 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Radon therapy is clinically useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The mechanisms of pain relief remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the antinociceptive effects of radon inhalation in a mouse model of formalin-induced inflammatory pain. Immediately, after radon inhalation at a concentration of background level (ca. 19 Bq/m(3)), 1,000 or 2,000 Bq/m(3) for 24 h, 1.35 % formalin (0.5 % formaldehyde in saline, 20 μl) was subcutaneously injected into the hind paw of mice, and we measured licking response time. Radon inhalation inhibited the second phase of response in formalin test. Formalin administration induced nociception and increased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in serum and leukocyte migration in paws. Concurrently, formalin injection decreased antioxidative functions. Radon inhalation produced antinociceptive effects, i.e., lowered serum TNF-α and NO levels, and restored antioxidative functions. The results showed that radon inhalation inhibited formalin-induced inflammatory pain.
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Kabel AM, Abdel-Rahman MN, El-Sisi AEDE, Haleem MS, Ezzat NM, El Rashidy MA. Effect of atorvastatin and methotrexate on solid Ehrlich tumor. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 713:47-53. [PMID: 23669249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxymethyl glutaryl CoA reductase is the key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. A relationship was found between cholesterol and the development of many types of cancer. Atorvastatin is a hypolipidemic drug that may have a role in treatment of cancer. Moreover, atorvastatin was reported to decrease the resistance of cancer cells to many chemotherapeutic agents. The aim of this work was to study the effect of each of methotrexate (MTX) and atorvastatin alone and in combination on solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) in mice. Fifty BALB/c mice were divided into five equal groups: control untreated group, SEC, SEC+MTX, SEC+atorvastatin, SEC+MTX+atorvastatin. Tumor volume, tissue glutathione reductase (GR), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were determined. A part of the tumor was examined for histopathological and immunohistochemical study. MTX or atorvastatin alone or in combination induced significant increase in tissue catalase and GR with significant decrease in tumor volume, tissue MDA, cholesterol and TNF-α and alleviated the histopathological changes with significant increase in p53 expression and apoptotic index compared to SEC group. In conclusion, the combination of MTX and atorvastatin had a better effect than each of MTX or atorvastatin alone against solid Ehrlich tumor in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Kabel
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.
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Oliveira AEMDFM, de Medeiros BJL, Favacho HA, Tavares Carvalho JC. Action of AferBio (fermented food) in a rat inflammatory model. J Exp Pharmacol 2012; 4:105-11. [PMID: 27186123 PMCID: PMC4863550 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s34953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AferBio is a fermented prebiotic food that contains beta-glucans, which are oligosaccharides capable of stimulating the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of this functional food on the inflammatory response in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS AferBio (900 mg/kg) inhibited edema formation by 34% compared to the control group. We also observed inhibition of the primary and secondary reactions of inflammation after the injection of Freund's adjuvant in the animals fed AferBio. Daily administration of AferBio for 6 d inhibited the formation of granulomatous tissue by 37%; additionally, inhibition of 31% of neutrophil migration downstream of carrageenan-induced peritonitis was observed. An ulcerogenic potency assay revealed that indomethacin produced a higher number of lesions compared to treatment with AferBio. Anti-inflammatory potency analysis showed that indomethacin inhibited 39% of carrageenan-induced edema but produced a higher number of lesions. However, animals treated with AferBio had areas of hyperemia without ulcerative lesions and 21% of edema was inhibited. CONCLUSION Based on the results obtained in this study, AferBio appears to have anti-inflammatory activity during acute and chronic inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira
- Laboratory of Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Benedito Junior Lima de Medeiros
- Laboratory of Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Favacho
- Laboratory of Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - José Carlos Tavares Carvalho
- Laboratory of Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Amapá, Brazil
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Effects of the radiocontrast agent iodixanol on endothelial cell morphology and function. Vascul Pharmacol 2012; 58:39-47. [PMID: 22985912 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iodinated radiocontrast media (RCM) are usually well tolerated, but their large and increasing use renders their toxicity a relevant problem, especially in high risk patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the possible toxic or activating effects of iodixanol on endothelial cells (EC) and the putative in vitro protective action of N-acetylcysteine and rosuvastatin. Morphology, oxidative status, redistribution of heat-shock protein 60 and secretion of proinflammatory products were studied in cultured human EC through confocal microscopy, immunofluorescence and immuno-enzymatic methods. EC reacted to iodixanol with shrinking and bulging, increase in intracellular oxidation and translocation of Heat Shock Protein 60 to the cell membrane. The secretion of proinflammatory products was strongly stimulated by sequential incubation of EC with iodixanol and TNFα (p<0.00001 for all tested molecules, namely TNFα, IL-8, sVCAM-1, MCP-1, and IL-6). N-acetylcysteine prevented morphologic and oxidative derangements, and significantly reduced proinflammatory product secretion (P range<0.0001 to<0.00001 for TNFα, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and IL-6); rosuvastatin inhibited morphology and oxidative modifications only. Our data help clarifying the mechanisms of early and late toxicity of RCM and support the use of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents for optimization of radiological procedures in high risk patients.
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Low-dose atorvastatin, losartan, and particularly their combination, provide cardiovascular protection in isolated rat heart and aorta. Heart Vessels 2012; 28:246-54. [PMID: 22610592 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-012-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Statins and angiotensin receptor blockers at therapeutic doses have beneficial cardiovascular effects, which can be applied for cardiovascular protection. We explored whether low doses of atorvastatin, losartan, and particularly their combination, possess important pleiotropic vasodilatory effects. Wistar rats were treated daily with low-dose atorvastatin (2 mg/kg, n = 15), low-dose losartan (5 mg/kg, n = 15), their combination (n = 15), or saline (n = 15). After 4, 6, or 8 weeks the animals were anesthetized, blood samples taken, and their hearts and thoracic aortas isolated. Two kinds of experiments were performed: the measurement of coronary flow rate after ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury and endothelium-dependent relaxation of thoracic aorta. In both models, maximal vasodilation activity was obtained in rats treated for 6 weeks. In the ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury model, coronary flow increased (atorvastatin or losartan 1.9-fold, P < 0.01; combination 2.4-fold, P < 0.001) compared with controls. In the thoracic aorta model, endothelium-dependent relaxation significantly increased only in the combination group compared with the control group (up to 1.4-fold; P < 0.01). Simultaneously, we detected increased anti-inflammatory activity and increased nitric oxide concentration, but no changes in lipids and blood pressure. In a rat model we showed important vasodilatory activity of low-dose atorvastatin, losartan, and particularly their combination. The effects of the low-dose combination were accompanied by, and probably at least partly achieved by, anti-inflammatory and nitric oxide pathways. Overall, these results could be valuable for the development of new vascular protective strategies focusing on a low-dose regimen of statins and sartans, and particularly their combination.
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Antinociception induced by atorvastatin in different pain models. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 100:125-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Miranda HF, Noriega V, Olavarria L, Zepeda RJ, Sierralta F, Prieto JC. Antinociception and anti-inflammation induced by simvastatin in algesiometric assays in mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 109:438-42. [PMID: 21699658 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00746.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Statins, belonging to a well-known drug class used for lowering cholesterol through competitive inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, also have other pleiotropic properties, such as anti-inflammatory action. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of simvastatin in five models of nociceptive behaviour. Oral gavage administration of simvastatin induced a dose-dependent inhibition of nociception for 1 day in the acetic acid writhing (ED(50) = 5.59 ± 0.07), tail-flick (ED(50) = 112.96 ± 8.00), hot-plate (ED(50) = 134.87 ± 2.20), formalin hind paw (ED(50) = 19.86 ± 1.12 in phase I and 23.30 ± 2.05 in phase II) and orofacial formalin (ED(50) = 5.54 ± 2.74 in phase I and 11.48 ± 1.88 in phase II) tests. However, after 3 days, the values were in the acetic acid writhing (ED(50) = 6.14 ± 0.51), tail-flick (ED(50) = 154 ± 8.88), hot-plate (ED(50) = 136.14 ± 2.94), formalin hind paw (ED(50) = 15.93 ± 0.42 in phase I and 17.10 ± 1.80 in phase II) and orofacial formalin (ED(50) = 6.79 ± 0.66 in phase I and 5.80 ± 1.49 in phase II) tests. This study demonstrated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of simvastatin in five models of tonic or phasic pain. These actions seem to be related to the inhibition of cytokine and prostanoid release and stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis. A possible clinical role of simvastatin could be related to the potentially beneficial effects in the neuropathic pain, and by their pleiotropic properties, they could play a clinical role in anti-inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo F Miranda
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago.
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Kumar VL, Guruprasad B, Wahane VD. Atorvastatin exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties in adjuvant-induced monoarthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2010; 18:303-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-010-0057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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