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Wilson ML, Lane KE, Fadel A, Dawson EA, Moore E, Mazidi M, Webb RJ, Davies IG. Effects of Single Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Meal Consumption on Postprandial Lipemia and Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae103. [PMID: 39094053 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Postprandial lipemia (PPL) is associated with increased risk of endothelial dysfunction (ED), a precursor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The effects of low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diets on ASCVD risk are uncertain; therefore, gaining a greater understanding of LCHF meals on PPL may provide valuable insights. OBJECTIVE The current systematic review investigated the effects of single LCHF meal consumption on PPL and markers of ED. DATA SOURCES CINAHL Plus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for key terms related to endothelial function, cardiovascular disease, glycemia, lipemia, and the postprandial state with no restriction on date. DATA EXTRACTION Full-text articles were independently screened by 2 reviewers, of which 16 studies were eligible to be included in the current review. All trials reported a minimum analysis of postprandial triglycerides (PPTG) following consumption of an LCHF meal (<26% of energy as carbohydrate). Results were reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. DATA ANALYSIS Single-meal macronutrient composition was found to play a key role in determining postprandial lipid and lipoprotein responses up to 8 hours post-meal. Consumption of LCHF meals increased PPTG and may contribute to ED via reduced flow-mediated dilation and increased oxidative stress; however, energy and macronutrient composition varied considerably between studies. CONCLUSION Consumption of an LCHF meal had a negative impact on PPL based on some, but not all, single-meal studies; therefore, the contribution of LCHF meals to cardiometabolic health outcomes remains unclear. Further research is needed on specific categories of LCHF diets to establish a causal relationship between postprandial modulation of lipids/lipoproteins and impaired vascular endothelial function. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD 42023398774.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Wilson
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Katie E Lane
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulmannan Fadel
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ellen A Dawson
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Ella Moore
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Webb
- Nutrition and Food Science, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G Davies
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
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England E, Morris JW, Bussy C, Hancox JC, Shiels HA. The key characteristics of cardiotoxicity for the pervasive pollutant phenanthrene. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133853. [PMID: 38503207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The key characteristic (KCs) framework has been used previously to assess the carcinogenicity and cardiotoxicity of various chemical and pharmacological agents. Here, the 12 KCs of cardiotoxicity are used to evaluate the previously reported cardiotoxicity of phenanthrene (Phe), a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), and major component of fossil fuel-derived air pollution. Phe is a semi-volatile pollutant existing in both the gas phase and particle phase through adsorption onto or into particulate matter (PM). Phe can translocate across the airways and gastrointestinal tract into the systemic circulation, enabling body-wide effects. Our evaluation based on a comprehensive literature review, indicates Phe exhibits 11 of the 12 KCs for cardiotoxicity. These include adverse effects on cardiac electromechanical performance, the vasculature and endothelium, immunomodulation and oxidative stress, and neuronal and endocrine control. Environmental agents that have similarly damaging effects on the cardiovascular system are heavily regulated and monitored, yet globally there is no air quality regulation specific for PAHs like Phe. Environmental monitoring of Phe is not the international standard with benzo[a]pyrene being frequently used as a proxy despite the two PAH species exhibiting significant differences in sources, concentration variations and toxic effects. The evidence summarised in this evaluation highlights the need to move away from proxied PAH measurements and develop a monitoring network capable of measuring Phe concentration. It also stresses the need to raise awareness amongst the medical community of the potential cardiovascular impact of PAH exposure. This will allow the production of mitigation strategies and possibly the development of new policies for the protection of the societal groups most vulnerable to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E England
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - J W Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - C Bussy
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection, and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
| | - J C Hancox
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - H A Shiels
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Sarhadi M, Pahlavani E, Hosseini Razavi N, Ghadyani F, Abdollahi Z, Sarhadi S, Sabeti Akbar Abad M, Shahriari H, Majidpour M. IL-18 and CD14 variants in chronic HBV predisposition: a case-control study with in silico analyses focused on transcription and splicing. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38459706 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2024.2326132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), a vaccine-avoidable infection, is a health concern worldwide, leading to liver disorders such as acute self-constraint and chronic hepatitis, liver failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma if untreated. 'Immunogeneticprofiling', genetic variations of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines responsible for regulating the immune responses, cause person-to-person differences and impact the clinical manifestation of the disease. The current experimental-bioinformatics research was conducted to examine whether promoteric IL-18-rs187238 C > G and -rs1946518 T > G and intronic CD14-rs2569190 A > G variations are associated with chronic HBV. A total of 400 individuals (200 in each case and control group) participated in the study and were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique. The data was also assessed bioinformatics-wise for conservation, genomic transcription and splicing, and protein interactions. Findings proposed that unlike the IL-18-rs1946518 T > G and CD14-rs2569190 A > G, the IL-18-rs187238 C > G is a protector against chronic HBV (odds ratio [OR] = 0.62, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.46-0.83, and p = 0.002). The TG/CC/AA, TG/CC/AG, TT/CC/AG, and GG/CC/AA combined genotypes significantly increased chronic HBV risk (p < 0.05), while the IL-18 G/T and G/G haplotypes lessened it (p < 0.05). Moreover, IL-18-rs1946518 T > G is in the protected genomic regions across mammalian species. In contrast to the IL-18-rs1946518 T > G, IL-18-rs187238 C > G is likely to create novel binding sites for transcription factors, and the CD14-rs2569190 A > G presumably changed the ribonucleic acid splicing pattern. More research on larger populations and other ethnicities is required to authenticate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sarhadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Elham Pahlavani
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Niloufar Hosseini Razavi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghadyani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular, Faculty of Biology Sciences, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdollahi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Somayeh Sarhadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Sabeti Akbar Abad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahriari
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Majidpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Esmaeili P, Roshanravan N, Ghaffari S, Mesri Alamdari N, Asghari-Jafarabadi M. Unraveling atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors through conditional probability analysis with Bayesian networks: insights from the AZAR cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4361. [PMID: 38388574 PMCID: PMC10883955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55141-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at modelling the underlying predictor of ASCVD through the Bayesian network (BN). Data for the AZAR Cohort Study, which evaluated 500 healthcare providers in Iran, was collected through examinations, and blood samples. Two BNs were used to explore a suitable causal model for analysing the underlying predictor of ASCVD; Bayesian search through an algorithmic approach and knowledge-based BNs. Results showed significant differences in ASCVD risk factors across background variables' levels. The diagnostic indices showed better performance for the knowledge-based BN (Area under ROC curve (AUC) = 0.78, Accuracy = 76.6, Sensitivity = 62.5, Negative predictive value (NPV) = 96.0, Negative Likelihood Ratio (LR-) = 0.48) compared to Bayesian search (AUC = 0.76, Accuracy = 72.4, Sensitivity = 17.5, NPV = 93.2, LR- = 0.83). In addition, we decided on knowledge-based BN because of the interpretability of the relationships. Based on this BN, being male (conditional probability = 63.7), age over 45 (36.3), overweight (51.5), Mets (23.8), diabetes (8.3), smoking (10.6), hypertension (12.1), high T-C (28.5), high LDL-C (23.9), FBS (12.1), and TG (25.9) levels were associated with higher ASCVD risk. Low and normal HDL-C levels also had higher ASCVD risk (35.3 and 37.4), while high HDL-C levels had lower risk (27.3). In conclusion, BN demonstrated that ASCVD was significantly associated with certain risk factors including being older and overweight male, having a history of Mets, diabetes, hypertension, having high levels of T-C, LDL-C, FBS, and TG, but Low and normal HDL-C and being a smoker. The study may provide valuable insights for developing effective prevention strategies for ASCVD in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Esmaeili
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC, 3144, Australia.
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
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Deng C, Li M, Liu Y, Yan C, He Z, Chen ZY, Zhu H. Cholesterol Oxidation Products: Potential Adverse Effect and Prevention of Their Production in Foods. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18645-18659. [PMID: 38011512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) are a group of substances formed during food processing. COPs in diet is a health concern because they may affect human health in association with the risk of various diseases including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, age-related macular degeneration, diabetes, and chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory colitis. Production of COPs in foods can be affected by many factors such as temperature, pH, light, oxygen, water, carbohydrates, fatty acids, proteins, and metal cations. The key issue is preventing its generation in foods. Some COPs can also be produced in vivo by both nonenzymatic and enzymatic-catalyzed oxidation reactions. Currently, a number of natural antioxidants such as catechins, flavonoids, and other polyphenols have been proven to inhibit the generation of COPs. In addition, measures taken during food processing can also minimize the production of COPs, such as the Maillard reaction and marinating food with plant polyphenol-rich seasonings. In conclusion, a comprehensive approach encompassing the suppression on COPs generation and implementation of processing measures is imperative to safeguard human health against the production of COPs in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanling Deng
- School of Food Science and Engineering/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing/National Technical Center (Foshan) for Quality Control of Famous and Special Agricultural Products (CAQS-GAP-KZZX043), Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong China
| | - Mingxuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing/National Technical Center (Foshan) for Quality Control of Famous and Special Agricultural Products (CAQS-GAP-KZZX043), Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong China
- School of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing/National Technical Center (Foshan) for Quality Control of Famous and Special Agricultural Products (CAQS-GAP-KZZX043), Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong China
| | - Chi Yan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT 999077, Hong Kong China
| | - Zouyan He
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi China
| | - Zhen-Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT 999077, Hong Kong China
| | - Hanyue Zhu
- School of Food Science and Engineering/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Food Manufacturing/National Technical Center (Foshan) for Quality Control of Famous and Special Agricultural Products (CAQS-GAP-KZZX043), Foshan University, Foshan 528000, Guangdong China
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Belkhelladi M. Effects of Daily Intake of Rosehip Extract on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Blood Glucose Levels: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e51225. [PMID: 38283449 PMCID: PMC10821714 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review evaluates the effects of the daily intake of rosehip extract on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood glucose levels. It synthesizes findings from randomized clinical trials focusing on cardiovascular and metabolic health outcomes. The review includes studies employing various forms of rosehip supplementation, assessing primary outcomes such as LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes, such as body weight, BMI, and blood pressure, are also considered. The paper discusses the potential mechanisms of rosehip's action, including modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and effects on various metabolic pathways. The results indicate mixed effects on lipid profiles and blood glucose levels, with some studies showing significant benefits. This review underscores the need for further research to confirm optimal dosages, treatment durations, and rosehip's efficacy in diverse populations, considering its favorable safety profile. The findings suggest the potential of rosehip extract as a complementary agent in managing cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Tang F, Liu D, Zhang L, Xu LY, Zhang JN, Zhao XL, Ao H, Peng C. Targeting endothelial cells with golden spice curcumin: A promising therapy for cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106953. [PMID: 37804925 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) is an increasingly significant global public health concern. It encompasses the coexistence of multiple cardiometabolic diseases, including hypertension, stroke, heart disease, atherosclerosis, and T2DM. A crucial component to the development of CMM is the disruption of endothelial homeostasis. Therefore, therapies targeting endothelial cells through multi-targeted and multi-pathway approaches hold promise for preventing and treatment of CMM. Curcumin, a widely used dietary supplement derived from the golden spice Carcuma longa, has demonstrated remarkable potential in treatment of CMM through its interaction with endothelial cells. Numerous studies have identified various molecular targets of curcumin (such as NF-κB/PI3K/AKT, MAPK/NF-κB/IL-1β, HO-1, NOs, VEGF, ICAM-1 and ROS). These findings highlight the efficacy of curcumin as a therapeutic agent against CMM through the regulation of endothelial function. It is worth noting that there is a close relationship between the progression of CMM and endothelial damage, characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, abnormal NO bioavailability and cell adhesion. This paper provides a comprehensive review of curcumin, including its availability, pharmacokinetics, pharmaceutics, and therapeutic application in treatment of CMM, as well as the challenges and future prospects for its clinical translation. In summary, curcumin shows promise as a potential treatment option for CMM, particularly due to its ability to target endothelial cells. It represents a novel and natural lead compound that may offer significant therapeutic benefits in the management of CMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Li-Yue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Jing-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiao-Lan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Hui Ao
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Steen Carlsson K, Nilsson K, Wolden ML, Faurby M. Economic burden of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a matched case-control study in more than 450,000 Swedish individuals. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:483. [PMID: 37773098 PMCID: PMC10540350 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To examine direct and indirect costs, early retirement, cardiovascular events and mortality over 5 years in people with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and matched controls in Sweden. METHODS Individuals aged ≥ 16 years living in Sweden on 01 January 2012 were identified in an existing database. Individuals with ASCVD were propensity score matched to controls without ASCVD by age, sex and educational status. We compared direct healthcare costs (inpatient, outpatient and drug costs), indirect costs (resulting from work absence) and the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI) and early retirement. RESULTS After matching, there were 231,417 individuals in each cohort. Total mean per-person annual costs were over 2.5 times higher in the ASCVD group versus the controls (€6923 vs €2699). Indirect costs contributed to 60% and 67% of annual costs in the ASCVD and control groups, respectively. Inpatient costs accounted for ≥ 70% of direct healthcare costs. Cumulative total costs over the 5-year period were €32,011 in the ASCVD group and €12,931 in the controls. People with ASCVD were 3 times more likely to enter early retirement than controls (hazard ratio [HR] 3.02 [95% CI 2.76-3.31]) and approximately 2 times more likely to experience stroke (HR 1.83 [1.77-1.89]) or MI (HR 2.27 [2.20-2.34]). CONCLUSION ASCVD is associated with both economic and clinical impacts. People with ASCVD incurred considerably higher costs than matched controls, with indirect costs resulting from work absence and inpatient admissions being major cost drivers, and were also more likely to experience additional ASCVD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Steen Carlsson
- The Swedish Institute for Health Economics (IHE), Lund, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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El Midaoui A, Khallouki F, Couture R, Moldovan F, Ismael MA, Ongali B, Akoume MY, Alem C, Ait Boughrous A, Zennouhi W, Roqai MC, Hajji L, Ghzaiel I, Vejux A, Lizard G. Thymus atlanticus: A Source of Nutrients with Numerous Health Benefits and Important Therapeutic Potential for Age-Related Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4077. [PMID: 37764861 PMCID: PMC10534698 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymus atlanticus (Lamiaceae) is a plant endemic to the Mediterranean basin that is found in significant quantities in the arid regions of Morocco. Thymus atlanticus is used in traditional medicine to treat infectious and non-infectious diseases. It is also used for the isolation of essential oils and for the seasoning of many dishes in the Mediterranean diet. The major constituents of Thymus atlanticus are saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, various simple and hydroxycinnamic phenolic compounds, and terpene compounds. Several of these compounds act on signaling pathways of oxidative stress, inflammation, and blood sugar, which are parameters often dysregulated during aging. Due to its physiochemical characteristics and biological activities, Thymus atlanticus could be used for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related diseases. These different aspects are treated in the present review, and we focused on phytochemistry and major age-related diseases: dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil El Midaoui
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; (R.C.); (B.O.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes 50050, Morocco; (F.K.); (A.A.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Farid Khallouki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes 50050, Morocco; (F.K.); (A.A.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Réjean Couture
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; (R.C.); (B.O.)
| | - Florina Moldovan
- Research Center of CHU Sainte Justine, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (F.M.); (M.Y.A.)
| | | | - Brice Ongali
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; (R.C.); (B.O.)
| | - Marie Yvonne Akoume
- Research Center of CHU Sainte Justine, Faculty of Dentistry, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; (F.M.); (M.Y.A.)
| | - Chakib Alem
- Research Team in Biochemistry and Natural Resources, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes 20250, Morocco;
| | - Ali Ait Boughrous
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes 50050, Morocco; (F.K.); (A.A.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wafa Zennouhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Meknes 50050, Morocco; (F.K.); (A.A.B.); (W.Z.)
| | - Mhammed Chaoui Roqai
- Ecole des Hautes Etudes de Biotechnologie et de Santé (EHEB), 183 Bd de la Résistance, Casablanca 20250, Morocco;
| | - Lhoussain Hajji
- Laboratory of Bioactives and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes 50050, Morocco;
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- Laboratory “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism”, Bio-peroxIL/EA7270, Université de Bourgogne/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Anne Vejux
- Laboratory “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism”, Bio-peroxIL/EA7270, Université de Bourgogne/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (A.V.)
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Laboratory “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism”, Bio-peroxIL/EA7270, Université de Bourgogne/Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (A.V.)
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Martini S, Pisaturo M, Russo A, Palamone MG, Russo MT, Zollo V, Maggi P, Coppola N. Evaluation of Lipid Profile and Intima Media Thickness in Antiretroviral-Experienced HIV-Infected Patients Treated with Protease Inhibitor-Based Regimens versus Protease Inhibitor-Sparing Regimens. Pathogens 2023; 12:925. [PMID: 37513772 PMCID: PMC10383365 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy has increasingly improved management of HIV infection, ensuring long-term efficacy and tolerability. Each class of antiretrovirals has, however, different characteristics and different tolerability profiles. The literature data show that protease inhibitors (PIs) are associated with a higher incidence of dyslipidemia. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether patients treated with PIs have both greater dyslipidemia and increased intima media thickness (IMT) and atheromatous plaques compared to patients treated without PIs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 110 HIV-experienced patients screened with Doppler ultrasonography of the supra-aortic trunks in December 2019 were enrolled in a retrospective cross-sectional observational study. Patients were divided into two groups: 59 in the PI-based group, treated with PIs, and 51 in the PI-sparing group. In the two groups, we evaluated lipids, cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, BMI, age, hypertension), increased pathological IMT (a value > 1 mm), and possible atheromatous plaque. RESULTS Serum LDL (p 0.04) and percentage of patients with hypercholesterolemia (p 0.03) were higher in the PI-based than in the PI-sparing group. Doppler data showed a trend in increase of IMT > 1 in the PI-based group, which appeared statistically significant for the section of the left common carotid artery (p 0.03). However, in multivariate logistic regression models, none of the evaluated variables were significantly associated with IMT > 1. CONCLUSIONS Our real-life data show that patients treated with PIs have a trend of developing both greater dyslipidemia and increased pathological IMT and atheromatous plaques These findings may be useful to optimize antiretrovirals for patients with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Martini
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Pisaturo
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Palamone
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Russo
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Verdiana Zollo
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Coppola
- Infectious Disease Unit, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, L. Armanni 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
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11
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Abate E, Degef M, Melkie A, Gnanasekeran N, Mehdi M, Tolcha Y, Chala D. Haematological Parameters in People with Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease versus Those Who are Only at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2023; 16:1869-1883. [PMID: 37384132 PMCID: PMC10296606 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s407480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the foremost killer disease worldwide. ASCVD is one of the most common types of CVD. It is mainly associated with a condition called atherosclerosis. Its occurrence is linked to several risk factors. Hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, genetic factors, and so on are examples. The presence of ASCVD, as well as its risk factors, causes a variety of disruptions in the body's physiological and biological functions. The presence of abnormal physiological and biological functions, for example, tends to disrupt hematological parameters. Purpose The study's aim was to assess and compare the pattern of hematological parameters in people with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASVD) versus people with ASCVD risks alone who attended TASH Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, as well as to correlate hematological parameters with the novel inflammatory marker hs-CRP. Methods A prospective cross-sectional comparative study with 100 study participants was conducted during where October 2019-March 2020 proposal development, sample collection, and lab analysis period, and from March 2020-June to 2021 data entry, analysis, and writing period. A serum sample was collected from each study participant for the lipid and hsCRP analyses and whole blood for hematological parameter determination. The socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants were obtained through a well-structured questionnaire. Results The ASCVD-risk group had significantly higher mean platelet volume (MPV), which was associated with the presence of the risk. Furthermore, hs-CRPs show a significant correlation with MPV in a correlation analysis of highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with hematological parameters. Thus, using these affordable, routinely tested, and easily available tests may help to infer future ASCVD risk as well as the presence of ASCVD morbidity while hsCRP level in comparison group vs cases requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebsitu Abate
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Maria Degef
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Addisu Melkie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Natesan Gnanasekeran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Mehdi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yosef Tolcha
- Department of Diagnostic Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Chala
- Department of Diagnostic Laboratory, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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12
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Saud A, Ali N, Gali F, Qassam H, Hadi NR. The effect of evolocumab alone and in combination with atorvastatin on atherosclerosis progression and TLRs expression. J Med Life 2023; 16:759-765. [PMID: 37520489 PMCID: PMC10375357 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2021-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolocumab, a PCSK-9 inhibitor, is known for its ability to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This study aimed to investigate the effects of evolocumab, alone or in combination with atorvastatin, on the progression of atherosclerosis. Fifty male domestic rabbits were randomly assigned to five groups: control, high cholesterol diet, evolocumab vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO), evolocumab alone, and evolocumab plus atorvastatin. Serum levels of interleukin 10 (IL-10), IL-17, IL-1β, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), and vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM) were measured. Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression on monocytes was evaluated using flow cytometry. Histopathological examination and measurement of intimal thickness (IT) were also conducted. The results revealed that the evolocumab produced a statistically significant (p<0.05) reduction in lipid profile at 5 weeks, with the peak effect occurring at 10 weeks. Furthermore, the inhibitor reduced TLRs at 10 weeks to 10.83±1.8 and intimal thickness to 160.66±9.45. IL-17, IL-1β, ICAM, and VCAM were significantly reduced by evolocumab treatment, with the improvement of the histopathological changes in the aortic wall. The combination of evolocumab and atorvastatin caused a more statistically significant reduction in TLRs at 10 weeks to 5.08±1.2 and intimal thickness to 121.79±5.3. IL-17, IL-1β, ICAM, and VCAM were significantly (p<0.05) reduced by the combination, and the histopathological changes in the aortic wall were significantly improved. In conclusion, evolocumab delays the progression of atherosclerosis by modulating inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Saud
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Nabeel Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Basra, Basra, Iraq
| | - Fadhil Gali
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Heider Qassam
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Najah Rayish Hadi
- Department of Pharmacology &Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
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13
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Mahmoudi A, Atkin SL, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Identification of key upregulated genes involved in foam cell formation and the modulatory role of statin therapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110209. [PMID: 37130442 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the possible effect of statins on important genes/proteins involved in foam cell formation. METHODS The gene expression profile of the GSE9874, GSE54666, and GSE7138from the Omnibus database were usedto identify genes involved in foam cell formation. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and MCODE analysis of the intersection of three databases were analyzed. We used molecular docking analysis to investigate the possible interaction of different statins with the overexpressed hub genes obtained from PPI analysis. RESULTS The intersection among the three datasets showed 54 upregulated and 26 down-regulated genes. The most critical overexpressed genes/proteins obtained as hub genes included: G6PD, NPC1, ABCA1, ABCG1, PGD, PLIN2, PPAP2B, and TXNRD1 based on PPI analysis. Functional enrichment analysis of 81 intersection DEGs at the biological process level focusing on the cholesterol metabolic process, secondary alcohol biosynthetic process and the cholesterol biosynthetic process. Under cellular components, the analysis confirmed that these 81 intersection DEGs were mainly applied in endoplasmic reticulum membrane, lysosome and lytic vacuole. The molecular functions were identified as sterol binding, oxidoreductase activity and NADP binding. The molecular docking showed that all statins appear to affect important protein targets overexpressed in foam cell formation. However, lipophilic statins, especially pitavastatin and lovastatin, had a greater effect than hydrophilic statins. The most significant protein target of all the overexpressed genes interacting with all statin types was ABCA1. CONCLUSION The effect of lipophilic statins was shown for several critical proteins in foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177899191, Iran
| | - Stephen L Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Vorn R, Yoo HY. Food Restriction Augmented Alpha1-Adrenergic Mediated Contraction in Mesenteric Arteries. Biol Res Nurs 2023; 25:198-209. [PMID: 36203228 DOI: 10.1177/10998004221132247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Food restriction (FR) enhances sensitivity to cardiopulmonary reflexes and α1-adrenoreceptors in females in the presence of hypotension. However, the effect of FR on cardiopulmonary and vascular function in males is not well-understood. This study examines the effects of FR on cardiopulmonary, isolated arterial function, and potential underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and monitored for 5 weeks: (1) control (n = 30), (2) 20% food reduction (FR20, n = 30), and (3) 40% food reduction (FR40, n = 30). Non-invasive blood pressure was measured twice a week. Pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was measured using isolated/perfused lungs. The isolated vascular reactivity was assessed using double-wire myographs. FR rats exhibited a lower mean arterial pressure and heart rate; however, only the FR40 group exhibited statistically significant differences. We observed that FR enhanced sensitivity (EC50) to vasoconstriction induced by the α1-adrenoreceptor phenylephrine (PhE) but not to serotonin, U46619, or high K+ in the mesenteric arteries. PhE-mediated vasoconstriction in the mesenteric arteries was eliminated in the presence of the eNOS inhibitor (L-NAME). In addition, incubation with NOX2/4 inhibitors (apocynin, GKT137831, and VAS2870) and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger inhibitor (Tiron) eliminated the differences in PhE-mediated vasoconstriction, but the cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) in the mesenteric arteries did not. Augmentation of α1-adrenergic-mediated contraction via the inhibition of the eNOS-NO pathway increased the activation of ROS through NOX2/4 in response to FR. Reduced eNOS-NO signaling may be a pathophysiological counterbalance to prevent hypovolemic shock in response to FR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rany Vorn
- Department of Nursing, 26729Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- School of Nursing, 1466Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hae Young Yoo
- Department of Nursing, 26729Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Quarta S, Scoditti E, Zonno V, Siculella L, Damiano F, Carluccio MA, Pagliara P. In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Vasculoprotective Effects of Red Cell Extract from the Black Sea Urchin Arbacia lixula. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071672. [PMID: 37049512 PMCID: PMC10096920 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sea urchins have emerged as an important source of bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties relevant to human health. Since inflammation is a crucial pathogenic process in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, we here assessed the potential anti-inflammatory and vasculoprotective effects of coelomic red-cell methanolic extract of the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula in an in vitro model of endothelial cell dysfunction. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were pretreated with A. lixula red-cell extract (10 and 100 μg/mL) before exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. The extract was non-toxic after 24 h cell treatment and was characterized by antioxidant power and phenol content. The TNF-α-stimulated expression of adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and cytokines/chemokines (MCP-1, CCL-5, IL-6, IL-8, M-CSF) was significantly attenuated by A. lixula red-cell extract. This was functionally accompanied by a reduction in monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis towards activated endothelial cells. At the molecular level, the tested extract significantly counteracted the TNF-α-stimulated activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB. These results provide evidence of potential anti-atherosclerotic properties of A. lixula red-cell extract, and open avenues in the discovery and development of dietary supplements and/or drugs for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Quarta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zonno
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luisa Siculella
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Damiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Pagliara
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DISTEBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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16
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Jagodnik KM, Shvili Y, Bartal A. HetIG-PreDiG: A Heterogeneous Integrated Graph Model for Predicting Human Disease Genes based on gene expression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280839. [PMID: 36791052 PMCID: PMC9931161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Graph analytical approaches permit identifying novel genes involved in complex diseases, but are limited by (i) inferring structural network similarity of connected gene nodes, ignoring potentially relevant unconnected nodes; (ii) using homogeneous graphs, missing gene-disease associations' complexity; (iii) relying on disease/gene-phenotype associations' similarities, involving highly incomplete data; (iv) using binary classification, with gene-disease edges as positive training samples, and non-associated gene and disease nodes as negative samples that may include currently unknown disease genes; or (v) reporting predicted novel associations without systematically evaluating their accuracy. Addressing these limitations, we develop the Heterogeneous Integrated Graph for Predicting Disease Genes (HetIG-PreDiG) model that includes gene-gene, gene-disease, and gene-tissue associations. We predict novel disease genes using low-dimensional representation of nodes accounting for network structure, and extending beyond network structure using the developed Gene-Disease Prioritization Score (GDPS) reflecting the degree of gene-disease association via gene co-expression data. For negative training samples, we select non-associated gene and disease nodes with lower GDPS that are less likely to be affiliated. We evaluate the developed model's success in predicting novel disease genes by analyzing the prediction probabilities of gene-disease associations. HetIG-PreDiG successfully predicts (Micro-F1 = 0.95) gene-disease associations, outperforming baseline models, and is validated using published literature, thus advancing our understanding of complex genetic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Jagodnik
- The School of Business Administration, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yael Shvili
- Department of Surgery A, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel
| | - Alon Bartal
- The School of Business Administration, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
- * E-mail:
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17
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Hong CG, Florida E, Li H, Parel PM, Mehta NN, Sorokin AV. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein associates with cardiovascular disease by a vicious cycle of atherosclerosis and inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1023651. [PMID: 36727024 PMCID: PMC9885196 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1023651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an established marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a therapeutic target. Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is known to be associated with excessive inflammation and abnormal lipoprotein metabolism. Chronic inflammatory diseases confer an elevated risk of premature atherosclerosis and adverse cardiovascular events. Whether oxLDL may serve as a potential biomarker for CVD stratification in populations with chronic inflammatory conditions remains understudied. Objective To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the relationship between oxLDL and CVD (defined by incident CVD events, carotid intima-media thickness, presence of coronary plaque) in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. Methods A systematic literature search was performed using studies published between 2000 and 2022 from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase (Elsevier), CINHAL (EBSCOhost), Scopus (Elsevier), and Web of Science: Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics) databases on the relationship between oxLDL and cardiovascular risk on inflamed population. The pooled effect size was combined using the random effect model and publication bias was assessed if P < 0.05 for the Egger or Begg test along with the funnel plot test. Results A total of three observational studies with 1,060 participants were ultimately included in the final meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that oxLDL is significantly increased in participants with CVD in the setting of chronic inflammatory conditions. This meta-analysis suggests that oxLDL may be a useful biomarker in risk stratifying cardiovascular disease in chronically inflamed patients.
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18
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Fiorentino R, Chiarelli F. Statins in Children, an Update. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021366. [PMID: 36674877 PMCID: PMC9862804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since lipid abnormalities tend to progress from childhood to adulthood, it is necessary to early identify and treat children and adolescents with dyslipidemia. This is important in order to reduce the cardiovascular risk, delay the development of fatty streaks, slow the progression of atherosclerosis and reverse atherosclerotic plaques. Together with therapeutic lifestyle changes, statins are the most common lipid-lowering drugs. By inhibiting the endogenous cholesterol synthesis in the liver, statins increase the catabolism of LDL-C, reduce VLDL-C, IDL-C and TG and modestly increase HDL-C. Regardless of their lipid-lowering effect, statins have also pleiotropic effects. Statins have increasingly been prescribed in children and adolescents and mounting evidence suggests their beneficial role. As with adults, in children, several studies have demonstrated that statin therapy is efficient at lowering lipid levels and reducing CIMT progression and cumulative estimated atherosclerotic burden in children. Statins are generally very well-tolerated in both adults and children and adverse events are quite uncommon. When evaluating the need and the timing for statin treatment, the presence of several factors (secondary causes, familial history, additional risk factors) should also be considered. Before initiating statins, it is imperative for clinical practitioners to consult patients and families and, as with any new medication therapy, to monitor patients taking statins. Despite being safe and effective, many children with lipid disorders are not on statin therapy and are not receiving the full potential benefit of adequate lipid-lowering therapies. It is therefore important that clinicians become familiar with statins.
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19
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Mthembu SXH, Orlando P, Silvestri S, Ziqubu K, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Mabhida SE, Nyambuya TM, Nkambule BB, Muller CJF, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Impact of dyslipidemia in the development of cardiovascular complications: Delineating the potential therapeutic role of coenzyme Q 10. Biochimie 2023; 204:33-40. [PMID: 36067903 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This metabolic anomality is implicated in the generation of oxidative stress, an inevitable process involved in destructive mechanisms leading to myocardial damage. Fortunately, commonly used drugs like statins can counteract the detrimental effects of dyslipidemia by lowering cholesterol to reduce CVD-risk in patients with T2D. Statins mainly function by blocking the production of cholesterol by targeting the mevalonate pathway. However, by blocking cholesterol synthesis, statins coincidently inhibit the synthesis of other essential isoprenoid intermediates of the mevalonate pathway like farnesyl pyrophosphate and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). The latter is by far the most important co-factor and co-enzyme required for efficient mitochondrial oxidative capacity, in addition to its robust antioxidant properties. In fact, supplementation with CoQ10 has been found to be beneficial in ameliorating oxidative stress and improving blood flow in subjects with mild dyslipidemia.. Beyond discussing the destructive effects of oxidative stress in dyslipidemia-induced CVD-related complications, the current review brings a unique perspective in exploring the mevalonate pathway to block cholesterol synthesis while enhancing or maintaining CoQ10 levels in conditions of dyslipidemia. Furthermore, this review disscusses the therapeutic potential of bioactive compounds in targeting the downstream of the mevalonate pathway, more importantly, their ability to block cholesterol while maintaining CoQ10 biosynthesis to protect against the destructive complications of dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinenhlanhla X H Mthembu
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mafikeng Campus, Northwest University, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Sihle E Mabhida
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
| | - Tawanda M Nyambuya
- Department of Health Sciences, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Windhoek, 9000, Namibia
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Christo J F Muller
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Centre for Cardiometabolic Research Africa (CARMA), Division of Medical Physiology, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa.
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20
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Lieske B, Makarova N, Jagemann B, Walther C, Ebinghaus M, Zyriax BC, Aarabi G. Inflammatory Response in Oral Biofilm during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224894. [PMID: 36432584 PMCID: PMC9694722 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the inflammatory response in oral biofilm during pregnancy and its association with oral and maternal health is essential for identifying biomarker patterns that may serve as markers of pregnancy-related complications. We aimed to conduct a systematic review of the available literature to assess: (1) inflammatory responses in oral biofilm during pregnancy, (2) the association between inflammatory responses in oral biofilm during pregnancy and maternal, oral or systemic conditions, (3) changes in the response of inflammatory biomarkers found in the oral biofilm during different pregnancy stages, and (4) the value of other risk factors such as nutrition and lifestyle. PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception until April 2022. From 5441 records, 39 studies were included for qualitative assessment. The oral biofilm in pregnant women was associated with increased inflammatory biomarkers when compared to non-pregnant women. Levels of inflammatory biomarkers in the oral biofilm were found to be highest in pregnant women with systemic conditions. Increased inflammatory biomarkers in the oral biofilm were also associated with worse oral health outcomes. Given the importance of nutrition and lifestyle for pregnancy and oral health outcomes and the fact that these factors were largely excluded in the included studies, future research should consider a holistic view of the mother during pregnancy to capture physiological, hormonal, immunologic, and metabolic changes in the context of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berit Lieske
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, O58, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Midwifery Science–Health Care Research and Prevention, Research Group Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W38, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Nataliya Makarova
- Midwifery Science–Health Care Research and Prevention, Research Group Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W38, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bettina Jagemann
- Midwifery Science–Health Care Research and Prevention, Research Group Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W38, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Walther
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, O58, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Merle Ebinghaus
- Midwifery Science–Health Care Research and Prevention, Research Group Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W38, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science–Health Care Research and Prevention, Research Group Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Institute for Health Service Research in Dermatology and Nursing (IVDP), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, W38, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ghazal Aarabi
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, O58, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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21
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On the Aggregation of Apolipoprotein A-I. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158780. [PMID: 35955915 PMCID: PMC9369196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In vivo, apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is commonly found together with lipids in so-called lipoprotein particles. The protein has also been associated with several diseases—such as atherosclerosis and amyloidosis—where insoluble aggregates containing ApoA-I are deposited in various organs or arteries. The deposited ApoA-I has been found in the form of amyloid fibrils, suggesting that amyloid formation may be involved in the development of these diseases. In the present study we investigated ApoA-I aggregation into amyloid fibrils and other aggregate morphologies. We studied the aggregation of wildtype ApoA-I as well as a disease-associated mutant, ApoA-I K107Δ, under different solution conditions. The aggregation was followed using thioflavin T fluorescence intensity. For selected samples the aggregates formed were characterized in terms of size, secondary structure content, and morphology using circular dichroism spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopy and cryo transmission electron microscopy. We find that ApoA-I may form globular protein-only condensates, in which the α-helical conformation of the protein is retained. The protein in its unmodified form appears resistant to amyloid formation; however, the conversion into amyloid fibrils rich in β-sheet is facilitated by oxidation or mutation. In particular, the K107Δ mutant shows higher amyloid formation propensity, and the end state appears to be a co-existence of β-sheet rich amyloid fibrils and α-helix-rich condensates.
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22
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Irwandi RA, Chiesa ST, Hajishengallis G, Papayannopoulos V, Deanfield JE, D’Aiuto F. The Roles of Neutrophils Linking Periodontitis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915081. [PMID: 35874771 PMCID: PMC9300828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and development of atherosclerosis. Periodontitis is a common chronic disease linked to other chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The mechanistic pathways underlying this association are yet to be fully understood. This critical review aims at discuss the role of neutrophils in mediating the relationship between periodontitis and ASCVD. Systemic inflammation triggered by periodontitis could lead to adaptations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) resulting in trained granulopoiesis in the bone marrow, thereby increasing the production of neutrophils and driving the hyper-responsiveness of these abundant innate-immune cells. These alterations may contribute to the onset, progression, and complications of atherosclerosis. Despite the emerging evidence suggesting that the treatment of periodontitis improves surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, the resolution of periodontitis may not necessarily reverse neutrophil hyper-responsiveness since the hyper-inflammatory re-programming of granulopoiesis can persist long after the inflammatory inducers are removed. Novel and targeted approaches to manipulate neutrophil numbers and functions are warranted within the context of the treatment of periodontitis and also to mitigate its potential impact on ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky A. Irwandi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott T. Chiesa
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity & Inflammation, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - John E. Deanfield
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco D’Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Francesco D’Aiuto,
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23
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Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Combined with rt-PA Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy for Elderly Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9403693. [PMID: 35756414 PMCID: PMC9217586 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9403693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a fatal and disabling disease. Given the unsatisfactory results by current treatment strategies, optimizing the treatment of AIS is still an urgent problem to be solved. Objective To determine the therapeutic efficacy of rosuvastatin (ROS) combined with thrombolytic therapy using recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) on senile AIS patients and analyze its effects on serum inflammatory responses and neurological function. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 150 senile AIS patients who visited the Longmen County People's Hospital between January 2019 and June 2021. Of them, 100 cases treated by ROS combined with rt-PA intravenous thrombolytic therapy (ivTT) were set as the observation group and the rest 50 cases receiving rt-PA alone were included in the control group. Intergroup comparisons were conducted with respect to the following parameters: neurological function (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS; Scandinavian Stroke Scale, SSS), serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), therapeutic efficacy, incidence of adverse reactions, and patient satisfaction. Results The observation group had lower NIHSS and SSS scores and serum NSE and hs-CRP than the control group. In addition, the observation group was found with a higher overall response rate, higher patient satisfaction, and fewer adverse reactions. Conclusion ROS combined with rt-PA ivTT can better enhance the therapeutic efficacy of elderly patients with AIS, improve their neurological function, and reduce serum inflammatory responses.
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24
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Mallah MA, Changxing L, Mallah MA, Naveed M, Liu Y, Noreen S, Xi H, Wang W, Feng F, Zhang Q. Association of urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites and cardiovascular disease among US population: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112775. [PMID: 35065070 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main aim of the study was to illustrate the association between urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their metabolites with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including congestive heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), angina, heart attack, and stroke among the US population. METHODS The National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-16, nationally representative data were utilized for this study. A cross-sectional observational study was designed to assess the strength of the association between urinary PAH and CVDs. The NHANES survey used a stratified multistage probability sample strategy for obtaining representative samples. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between PAH and the prevalence of CVDs. RESULTS In our study, the average ages of the three different PAHs tertiles were 42.56 ± 19.68, 42.21 ± 19.51, and 43.39 ± 17.99 years, respectively. A positive association was found between the second and third tertile of urinary PAH and increased prevalence of coronary heart disease (tertile-2: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.09-1.42; tertile-3: OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.69-2.28), angina (tertile-2: OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.13-1.49; tertile-3: OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.76-2.42), heart attack (tertile-2: OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.12-1.47; tertile-3: OR = 1.71, 95% CI = 1.48-1.96) and stroke (tertile-2: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.02-1.33; tertile-3: OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.43-1.93) in total participants, respectively, with p-values less than 0.05. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study found a positive association between urinary PAHs and the prevalence of various CVDs among the US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthar Ali Mallah
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Li Changxing
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 81000, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali Mallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah, 67480, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy. Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sobia Noreen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 6300, Pakistan
| | - He Xi
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Ave, Zhongyuan District, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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25
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Yazdandoust S, Parizadeh SMR, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Yaghmaei P, Sahebkar AH. High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation as a diagnostics biomarker in coronary artery disease. Biofactors 2022; 48:634-642. [PMID: 35080064 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the serum High-density lipoprotein lipid peroxidation (HDLox) levels and their association with coronary artery disease (CAD). This case-control study comprised 572 patients with stable CAD and 281 healthy subjects with no history of cardiovascular disease (control group). Based on the results of coronary angiography, the patient group was divided into two groups: CAD- and CAD+. HDLox was measured using a fluorimetric method. The ability of HDLox and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to detect CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% was also compared using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. The CAD patients showed significantly higher serum HDLox levels, compared to the control group [1.15 (1.01-1.31) vs. 0.85 (0.62-1.06), no units, p < 0.001]. Moreover, serum HDLox levels were significantly lower in CAD- patients, compared to the CAD+ patients [1.05 (0.92-1.22) vs. 1.24 (1.12-1.35), no units, p < 0.001]. According to the results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression, the HDLox showed association with the presence of CAD (odds ratio [OR]: 1.754; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.564-1.968; p < 0.001) and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% (OR: 1.729; 95% CI: 1.534-1.949; p < 0.001). The results obtained from the area under the ROC curve revealed that the HDLox could better detect the risk of CAD and coronary artery stenosis ≥50% compared to serum HDL-C level. The oxidation of HDL leads to a reduction in its antioxidant function and it has a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis. HDLox is suggested as a diagnostics biomarker for CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Yazdandoust
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Iranian UNESCO center of excellence for human nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Sahebkar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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26
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Liu H, Jia K, Ren Z, Sun J, Pan LL. PRMT5 critically mediates TMAO-induced inflammatory response in vascular smooth muscle cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:299. [PMID: 35379776 PMCID: PMC8980010 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A high plasma level of the choline-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is closely related to the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that a positive correlation of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) expression and TMAO-induced vascular inflammation, with upregulated vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression in primary rat and human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vitro. Knockdown of PRMT5 suppressed VCAM-1 expression and the adhesion of primary bone marrow-derived macrophages to TMAO-stimulated VSMC. VSMC-specific PRMT5 knockout inhibited vascular inflammation with decreased expression of VCAM-1 in mice. We further identified that PRMT5 promoted VCAM-1 expression via symmetrical demethylation of Nuclear factor-κB p65 on arginine 30 (R30). Finally, we found that TMAO markedly induced the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) and production of reactive oxygen species, which contributed to PRMT5 expression and subsequent VCAM-1 expression. Collectively, our data provide novel evidence to establish a Nox4-PRMT5-VCAM-1 in mediating TMAO-induced VSMC inflammation. PRMT5 may be a potential target for the treatment of TMAO-induced vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liu
- School of Medicine and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Jia
- School of Medicine and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhengnan Ren
- School of Medicine and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Medicine and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Long Pan
- School of Medicine and School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China.
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27
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Correlation between genetic polymorphisms in apolipoprotein E and atrial fibrillation. Rev Port Cardiol 2022; 41:417-423. [PMID: 36062643 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work explores correlations between genetic polymorphisms in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and atrial fibrillation (AF). We detected polymorphisms in the APOE gene in 64 patients with AF and 49 non-AF volunteers at the Department of Cardiology of Lianyungang Second People's Hospital between July 2017 and July 2019. We found significant differences in age, body mass index, left atrial diameter, and left ventricular ejection fraction between the two groups. Six APOE genotypes were observed: ɛ2/ɛ2; ɛ2/ɛ3; ɛ2/ɛ4; ɛ3/ɛ3; ɛ3/ɛ4; and ɛ4/ɛ4. The ɛ3/ɛ3 genotype was significantly less frequent in the AF group than in the control group, while the ɛ3/ɛ4 and ɛ4/ɛ4 genotypes were significantly more frequent in the AF group than in the control group (p<0.05). ApoE3 penetrance was significantly lower in the AF group than in the control group (p<0.05), while ApoE4 penetrance was significantly higher in the AF group than in the control group (p<0.05). ApoE3 penetrance was significantly lower in the AF group than in the control group (p<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index, left atrial diameter, left ventricular ejection fraction, and ApoE4 were risk factors for AF. Finally, we found that ApoE polymorphisms impacted the occurrence of AF and that ApoE4 is an AF-sensitive phenotype.
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28
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Amini P, Amrovani M, Nassaj ZS, Ajorlou P, Pezeshgi A, Ghahrodizadehabyaneh B. Hypertension: Potential Player in Cardiovascular Disease Incidence in Preeclampsia. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:391-403. [PMID: 35347585 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09734-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the complications, that threatens pregnant mothers during pregnancy. According to studies, it accounts for 3-7% of all pregnancies, and also is effective in preterm delivery. PE is the third leading cause of death in pregnant women. High blood pressure in PE can increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) in cited individuals, and is one of the leading causes of death in PE individuals. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), Renin-Angiotensin system and nitric oxide (NO) are some of involved factors in regulating blood pressure. Therefore, by identifying the signaling pathways, that are used by these molecules to regulate and modulate blood pressure, appropriate treatment strategies can be provided to reduce blood pressure through target therapy in PE individuals; consequently, it can reduce CVD risk and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parya Amini
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mehran Amrovani
- High Institute for Education and Research in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohre Saleh Nassaj
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Parisa Ajorlou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Aiyoub Pezeshgi
- Internal Medicine Department, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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29
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Ortiz de Choudens S, Sparapani R, Narayanan J, Lohr N, Gao F, Fish BL, Zielonka M, Gasperetti T, Veley D, Beyer A, Olson J, Jacobs ER, Medhora M. Lisinopril Mitigates Radiation-Induced Mitochondrial Defects in Rat Heart and Blood Cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:828177. [PMID: 35311118 PMCID: PMC8924663 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.828177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic bases and disparate responses to radiotherapy are poorly understood, especially for cardiotoxicity resulting from treatment of thoracic tumors. Preclinical animal models such as the Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rat can serve as a surrogate model for salt-sensitive low renin hypertension, common to African Americans, where aldosterone contributes to hypertension-related alterations of peripheral vascular and renal vascular function. Brown Norway (BN) rats, in comparison, are a normotensive control group, while consomic SSBN6 with substitution of rat chromosome 6 (homologous to human chromosome 14) on an SS background manifests cardioprotection and mitochondrial preservation to SS rats after injury. In this study, 2 groups from each of the 3 rat strains had their hearts irradiated (8 Gy X 5 fractions). One irradiated group was treated with the ACE-inhibitor lisinopril, and a separate group in each strain served as nonirradiated controls. Radiation reduced cardiac end diastolic volume by 9-11% and increased thickness of the interventricular septum (11-16%) and left ventricular posterior wall (14-15%) in all 3 strains (5-10 rats/group) after 120 days. Lisinopril mitigated the increase in posterior wall thickness. Mitochondrial function was measured by the Seahorse Cell Mitochondrial Stress test in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) at 90 days. Radiation did not alter mitochondrial respiration in PBMC from BN or SSBN6. However, maximal mitochondrial respiration and spare capacity were reduced by radiation in PBMC from SS rats (p=0.016 and 0.002 respectively, 9-10 rats/group) and this effect was mitigated by lisinopril (p=0.04 and 0.023 respectively, 9-10 rats/group). Taken together, these results indicate injury to the heart by radiation in all 3 strains of rats, although the SS rats had greater susceptibility for mitochondrial dysfunction. Lisinopril mitigated injury independent of genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney Sparapani
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cancer Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jayashree Narayanan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States
| | - Nicole Lohr
- Cardiovascular Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States
| | - Brian L Fish
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States
| | - Monika Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Tracy Gasperetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States
| | - Dana Veley
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States
| | - Andreas Beyer
- Cardiovascular Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jessica Olson
- Institute for Health and Equity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cancer Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Elizabeth R Jacobs
- Cardiovascular Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cancer Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Research Service, Veterans Affairs, Zablocki VA Medical Center (VAMC), Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Meetha Medhora
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Cancer Center, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Froedtert & the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Research Service, Veterans Affairs, Zablocki VA Medical Center (VAMC), Milwaukee, WI, United States
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30
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Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: The Impact of Pharmacological Properties and Genetic Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073451. [PMID: 35408810 PMCID: PMC8998939 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a new class of antihyperglycemic drugs that enhance appropriate pancreatic β-cell secretion, pancreatic α-cell (glucagon) suppression, decrease liver glucose production, increase satiety through their action on the central nervous system, slow gastric emptying time, and increase insulin action on peripheral tissue. They are effective in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and have a favorable effect on weight loss. Their cardiovascular and renal safety has been extensively investigated and confirmed in many clinical trials. Recently, evidence has shown that in addition to the existing approaches for the treatment of obesity, semaglutide in higher doses promotes weight loss and can be used as a drug to treat obesity. However, some T2DM and obese patients do not achieve a desired therapeutic effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists. This could be due to the multifactorial etiologies of T2DM and obesity, but genetic variability in the GLP-1 receptor or signaling pathways also needs to be considered in non-responders to GLP-1 receptor agonists. This review focuses on the pharmacological, clinical, and genetic factors that may influence the response to GLP-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
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31
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Yang SM, Lv S, Zhang W, Cui Y. Microfluidic Point-of-Care (POC) Devices in Early Diagnosis: A Review of Opportunities and Challenges. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22041620. [PMID: 35214519 PMCID: PMC8875995 DOI: 10.3390/s22041620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The early diagnosis of infectious diseases is critical because it can greatly increase recovery rates and prevent the spread of diseases such as COVID-19; however, in many areas with insufficient medical facilities, the timely detection of diseases is challenging. Conventional medical testing methods require specialized laboratory equipment and well-trained operators, limiting the applicability of these tests. Microfluidic point-of-care (POC) equipment can rapidly detect diseases at low cost. This technology could be used to detect diseases in underdeveloped areas to reduce the effects of disease and improve quality of life in these areas. This review details microfluidic POC equipment and its applications. First, the concept of microfluidic POC devices is discussed. We then describe applications of microfluidic POC devices for infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, tumors (cancer), and chronic diseases, and discuss the future incorporation of microfluidic POC devices into applications such as wearable devices and telemedicine. Finally, the review concludes by analyzing the present state of the microfluidic field, and suggestions are made. This review is intended to call attention to the status of disease treatment in underdeveloped areas and to encourage the researchers of microfluidics to develop standards for these devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Mo Yang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (S.-M.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Shuangsong Lv
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (S.-M.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada;
| | - Yubao Cui
- Clinical Research Center, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-510-853-50368
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El Midaoui A, Ghzaiel I, Vervandier-Fasseur D, Ksila M, Zarrouk A, Nury T, Khallouki F, El Hessni A, Ibrahimi SO, Latruffe N, Couture R, Kharoubi O, Brahmi F, Hammami S, Masmoudi-Kouki O, Hammami M, Ghrairi T, Vejux A, Lizard G. Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): A Source of Nutrients for Health and for the Treatment of Neuropsychiatric and Age-Related Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030597. [PMID: 35276955 PMCID: PMC8839854 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a medicinal plant, originally cultivated in the East and Middle East, and later in some Mediterranean countries. Saffron is obtained from the stigmas of the plant. Currently, the use of saffron is undergoing a revival. The medicinal virtues of saffron, its culinary use and its high added value have led to the clarification of its phytochemical profile and its biological and therapeutic characteristics. Saffron is rich in carotenoids and terpenes. The major products of saffron are crocins and crocetin (carotenoids) deriving from zeaxanthin, pirocrocin and safranal, which give it its taste and aroma, respectively. Saffron and its major compounds have powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and in vivo. Anti-tumor properties have also been described. The goal of this review is to present the beneficial effects of saffron and its main constituent molecules on neuropsychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety and schizophrenia) as well as on the most frequent age-related diseases (cardiovascular, ocular and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as sarcopenia). Overall, the phytochemical profile of saffron confers many beneficial virtues on human health and, in particular, on the prevention of age-related diseases, which is a major asset reinforcing the interest for this medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil El Midaoui
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia 52000, Morocco;
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology, and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14020, Morocco; (A.E.H.); (S.O.I.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.M.); (G.L.); Tel.: +1-514-343-6111 (ext. 3320) (A.E.M.); +33-3-80-39-62-56 (G.L.)
| | - Imen Ghzaiel
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutritio—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, University Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (A.Z.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur
- Team OCS, Institute of Molecular Chemistry (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - Mohamed Ksila
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
- Laboratory Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of Biomolecules, (LR18ES03), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (O.M.-K.); (T.G.)
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutritio—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, University Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (A.Z.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 4000, Tunisia
| | - Thomas Nury
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Farid Khallouki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia 52000, Morocco;
| | - Aboubaker El Hessni
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology, and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14020, Morocco; (A.E.H.); (S.O.I.)
| | - Salama Ouazzani Ibrahimi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology, and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra 14020, Morocco; (A.E.H.); (S.O.I.)
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Réjean Couture
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
| | - Omar Kharoubi
- Laboratory of Experimental Biotoxicology, Biodepollution and Phytoremediation, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University Oran1 ABB, Oran 31000, Algeria;
| | - Fatiha Brahmi
- Laboratory Biomathématique, Biochimie, Biophysique et Scientométrie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia 06000, Algeria;
| | - Sonia Hammami
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutritio—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, University Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (A.Z.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki
- Laboratory Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of Biomolecules, (LR18ES03), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (O.M.-K.); (T.G.)
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutritio—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, University Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; (A.Z.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Taoufik Ghrairi
- Laboratory Neurophysiology, Cellular Physiopathology and Valorisation of Biomolecules, (LR18ES03), Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia; (O.M.-K.); (T.G.)
| | - Anne Vejux
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comte, 21000 Dijon, France; (I.G.); (M.K.); (T.N.); (N.L.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.M.); (G.L.); Tel.: +1-514-343-6111 (ext. 3320) (A.E.M.); +33-3-80-39-62-56 (G.L.)
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Heparin Immobilization of Tissue Engineered Xenogeneic Small Diameter Arterial Scaffold Improve Endothelialization. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:505-523. [PMID: 35092597 PMCID: PMC9130405 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous vessels graft (Inner diameter < 6 mm) harvesting always challenged during bypass grafting surgery and its complication shows poor outcome. Tissue engineered vascular graft allow to generate biological graft without any immunogenic complication. The approach presented in this study is to induce graft remodeling through heparin coating in luminal surface of small diameter (Inner diameter < 1 mm) decellularized arterial graft. METHODS Decellularization of graft was done using SDS, combination of 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.5% sodium deoxycholate and only sodium deoxycholate. Decellularization was confirmed on basis of histology, and DAPI. Characterization of extracellular matrix was analyzed using histology and scanning electron microscopy. Surface modification of decellularized vascular graft was done with heparin coating. Heparin immobilization was evaluated by toluidine blue stain. Heparin-coated graft was transplanted end to end anastomosis in femoral artery in rat. RESULTS Combination of 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.5% Sodium deoxycholate showed complete removal of xenogeneic cells. The heparin coating on luminal surface showed anti-thrombogenicity and endothelialization. Mechanical testing revealed no significant differences in strain characteristics and modulus between native tissues, decellularized scaffolds and transplanted scaffold. Collectively, this study proposed a heparin-immobilized ECM coating to surface modification offering functionalize biomaterials for developing small-diameter vascular grafts. CONCLUSION We conclude that xenogeneic decellularized arterial scaffold with heparin surface modification can be fabricated and successfully transplanted small diameter (inner diameter < 1 mm) decellularized arterial graft.
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Ellulu MS, Samouda H. Clinical and biological risk factors associated with inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:16. [PMID: 34991564 PMCID: PMC8740444 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00925-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic inflammation has been associated with insulin resistance and related metabolic dysregulation, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several non modifiable (i.e. genetic predisposition) and modifiable (i.e. sedentary lifestyle, energy-dense food) risk factors were suggested to explain the mechanisms involved in the development of inflammation, but are difficult to assess in clinical routine. The present study aimed to identify easy to asses clinical and biological risk factors associated with inflammation in patients with T2DM. METHODS One hundred nine patients (51 men, 58 women), 28-60 years old, from seven primary healthcare centers in Gaza City, Palestine, took part to the cross-sectional study (November 2013-May 2014). Study participants had T2DM with no history of inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, medication and/or any health condition that might affect the inflammatory markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Inflammation was defined for IL-6 ≥ 2 pg/mL and CRP ≥ 6 mg/L. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify the relationship between inflammation and clinical and biological risk factors. RESULTS After adjustment for age and gender, inflammation seems to increase with increased body mass index (BMI) (OR: 1.427 [1.055-1.931]), increased fasting blood glucose (OR: 1.029 [1.007-1.052]) and decreased adiponectin values (OR: 0.571 [0.361-0.903]). There were also significant relationships between inflammation and BMI (OR: 1.432 [1.042-1.968]), fasting blood glucose (OR: 1.029 [1.006-1.052]) and adiponectin (OR: 0.569 [0.359-0.902]), after adjustment for smoking habits and physical activity. CONCLUSION Managing obesity and associated complications (i.e. hyperglycemia, high adiponectin levels) might help decreasing inflammation in individuals with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed S Ellulu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University - Gaza (AUG), Gaza, Palestine
| | - Hanen Samouda
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Population Health Department, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg.
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Mallah MA, Mallah MA, Liu Y, Xi H, Wang W, Feng F, Zhang Q. Relationship Between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2021; 9:763706. [PMID: 34950626 PMCID: PMC8688693 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.763706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The primary aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and elaborate the current knowledge and recent advances in the area of PAH and its effects on CVDs and discuss the growing epidemiological evidence linking PAH to CVDs on the health of human populations. In this systematic review, the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and their relationship with PAHs were discussed in detail. Methods: On 05th April 2021, a systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed/Medline and Web of Science search engines in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. The search was limited to articles that were written in English and dealt with human issues. All original peer-review publications were considered for inclusion. Comments, case reports, reviews, duplicated papers, and conference reports were excluded. Data was collected from included papers by two independent reviewers. Results: Conclusively, 20 research articles published between 2005 and 2021 were chosen for the final analysis. The systemic review included 20 studies with a variety of geographical studies. The most common research category among the nominated studies were time-series studies followed by retrospective cohort, cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, panel, and case-control studies. Most of the studies were conducted in the United States, whereas others were showed in various geographical countries around the world, such as Denmark, Germany, Finland, Netherlands, France, China, Norway, Korea, Sweden, Saudi Arabia, and Belgium. Eight studies assessed the association between PAH exposure and CVDs, four articles observed this relationship with blood pressure (BP), two observed association between atherosclerotic CVD and PAH, one congenital heart disease, cardiovascular events, and two with obesity. Furthermore, in some investigations, a favorable association between PAH exposure and hypertension as well as PAH exposure and obesity was found. Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review examined the relationship of PAH exposure with CVDs and CVD-related risk factors by searching several digital databases. After a comprehensive literature searches and summarizing findings from 20 articles, the authors concluded that a positive relationship was observed between PAH exposure and CVD risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthar Ali Mallah
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali Mallah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology (QUEST), Nawabshah, Pakistan
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - He Xi
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Shchepankevich LA, Nikolaev YA, Taneeva EV, Pervuninskaya MA, Shchepankevich MS. [The efficacy and safety study of Mexidol and Mexidol FORTE 250 in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2021; 121:32-37. [PMID: 34874652 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202112110132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the efficacy and safety of sequential MexidoL therapy, administered intravenously (500 mg once a day) for 14 days, followed by taking the oral form Mexidol FORTE 250 at a dose of 250 mg (1 tablet) 3 times a day for 60 days in elderly patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) on the background of arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS An open prospective observational study included 60 patients with an established diagnosis (CCI), confirmed by the results of neuroimaging. All patients were examined with an assessment of neuropsychological status (MoCA test), severity of asthenia (scale MFI-20), emotional state (Hamilton anxiety and depression scale), motor functions (formalized clinical scale for assessing motor activity of elderly Tinetti). The effectiveness of the therapy was evaluated according to the quality of life questionnaire (SF-36). RESULTS The results of the study showed the high efficiency and safety of sequential therapy with Mexidol in relation to the relief of asthenic and emotional disorders, improving the state of cognitive functions, improving the quality of life of patients. The maximum effect occurred after the end of the full course of therapy. High adherence of patients to the therapy, low frequency of adverse events are shown. CONCLUSION Sequential use of intravenous administration of Mexidol followed by oral administration of Mexidol FORTE 250 is an effective and safe way to treat patients with CCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Shchepankevich
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yu A Nikolaev
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - E V Taneeva
- State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M A Pervuninskaya
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - M S Shchepankevich
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Wang N, Zhou F, Chen C, Luo H, Guo J, Wang W, Yang J, Li L. Role of Outer Membrane Vesicles From Helicobacter pylori in Atherosclerosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:673993. [PMID: 34790655 PMCID: PMC8591407 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.673993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Studies have shown the association between helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and coronary artery disease. It is interesting to find H. pylori DNA and cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) protein in atherosclerotic plaque. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), secreted by H. pylori, exert effects in the distant organ or tissue. However, whether or not OMVs from H. pylori are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains unknown. Our present study found that treatment with OMVs from CagA-positive H. pylori accelerated atherosclerosis plaque formation in ApoE–/– mice. H. pylori-derived OMVs inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), which was also reflected in in vivo studies. These effects were normalized to some degree after treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-depleted CagA-positive OMVs or CagA-negative OMVs. Treatment with H. pylori-derived OMVs increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhanced the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in HUVECs, which were reversed to some degree in the presence of a superoxide dismutase mimetic TEMPOL and a NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082. Expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), two inflammatory factors, were augmented after treatment with OMVs from H. pylori. These suggest that H. pylori-derived OMVs accelerate atherosclerosis plaque formation via endothelium injury. CagA and LPS from H. pylori-OMVs, at least in part, participate in these processes, which may be involved with the activation of ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway. These may provide a novel strategy to reduce the incidence and development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Faying Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Centre for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Caiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingwen Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Hypertension Research, Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing, China
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Qian Y, Xia L, Wei L, Jiang W. Artesunate attenuates foam cell formation by enhancing cholesterol efflux. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1379. [PMID: 34733931 PMCID: PMC8506543 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is the main cause of many cardiovascular diseases and the second leading cause of death in elderly people. The formation of intimal macrophage-derived foam cells is a major feature of early atherosclerotic lesions. Little is known about the effects of artesunate (ART) on macrophage-derived foam cell formation. Methods Oil red O staining was employed to detect foam cell formation; colorimetric analysis was employed for cholesterol measurement; quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were employed to assess messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression, respectively; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses were used to observe interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release; and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays were used to examine cell viability. Results It was revealed that ART attenuated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced foam cell formation from THP-1-derived macrophages by decreasing cholesterol accumulation, and the effect might have occurred via enhanced cholesterol efflux. Additionally, ART decreased toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) expression, and reduced the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α. Conclusions This study showed that ART attenuated the ox-LDL-induced formation of foam cells from THP-1-derived macrophages by increasing ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression via inhibiting TLR4 expression and reducing TNF-α and IL-6 secretion from macrophages induced by ox-LDL, which ultimately decreased the accumulation of cholesterol. It is worthwhile further investigate ART as a potential drug for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Liver Disease, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li R, Hou J, Tu R, Liu X, Zuo T, Dong X, Pan M, Yin S, Hu K, Mao Z, Huo W, Li S, Guo Y, Chen G, Wang C. Associations of mixture of air pollutants with estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk modified by socio-economic status: The Henan Rural Cohort Study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148542. [PMID: 34174609 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low socio-economic status (SES) and exposure to single-air pollutant relate to increased prevalent atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), however, interactive effect between SES and exposure to single- or multiple-air pollutants on high 10-year ASCVD risk remains unclear. METHODS A total of 31,162 individuals were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Concentrations of air pollutants (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1.0 μm (PM1), ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) or ≤10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2)) were assessed using a spatiotemporal model based on satellites data. Independent and joint associations of SES, single- and multiple- air pollutants with high 10-year ASCVD risk were evaluated using logistic regression models, quantile g-computation and structural equation models. The interactive effects of SES and exposure to single- or multiple air pollutants on high 10-year ASCVD risk were visualized by using Interaction plots. RESULTS Exposure to single air pollutant (PM1, PM2.5, PM10 or NO2) related to increased high 10-year ASCVD risk among individuals with low education level or personal average monthly income, compared to the ones with high education level or personal average monthly income. Furthermore, similar results of exposure to mixture of air pollutants with high 10-year ASCVD risk were observed. Positive interactive effects between low SES and exposure to high single air pollutant or the mixture of air pollutants on high 10-year ASCVD risk were observed. CONCLUSION Positive association of low SES with high 10-year ASCVD risk was amplified by exposure to high levels of single air pollutant or a mixture of air pollutants, implying that individuals with low SES may more susceptible to air pollution-related adverse health effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Runqi Tu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Tantan Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mingming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Shanshan Yin
- Department of health policy research, Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of health policy research, Henan Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Sobenin IA, Markin AM, Glanz VY, Markina YV, Wu WK, Myasoedova VA, Orekhov AN. Prospects for the Use of Sialidase Inhibitors in Anti-atherosclerotic Therapy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:2438-2450. [PMID: 32867633 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200831133912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The most typical feature of atherogenesis in humans at its early stage is the formation of foam cells in subendothelial arterial intima, which occurs as the consequence of intracellular cholesterol deposition. The main source of lipids accumulating in the arterial wall is circulating low-density lipoprotein (LDL). However, LDL particles should undergo proatherogenic modification to acquire atherogenic properties. One of the known types of atherogenic modification of LDL is enzymatic deglycosilation, namely, desialylation, which is the earliest change in the cascade of following multiple LDL modifications. The accumulating data make sialidases an intriguing and plausible therapeutic target, since pharmacological modulation of activity of these enzymes may have beneficial effects in several pathologies, including atherosclerosis. The hypothesis exists that decreasing LDL enzymatic desialylation may result in the prevention of lipid accumulation in arterial wall, thus breaking down one of the key players in atherogenesis at the cellular level. Several drugs acting as glycomimetics and inhibiting sialidase enzymatic activity already exist, but the concept of sialidase inhibition as an anti-atherosclerosis strategy remains unexplored to date. This review is focused on the potential possibilities of the repurposing of sialidase inhibitors for pathogenetic anti-atherosclerotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Sobenin
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Markin
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Victor Y Glanz
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yuliya V Markina
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology & Central Laboratory of Pathology, Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Wei-Kai Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Bei- Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Veronika A Myasoedova
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Extraction, Identification, and Health Benefits of Anthocyanins in Blackcurrants (Ribes nigrum L.). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11041863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The fruit of the blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is round-shaped, dark purple, bittersweet, and seed-containing edible berries. The blackcurrant has been used as a traditional medicine in both Asia and European countries. It is known as a rich source of antioxidants, largely due to its high content of phenolic compounds, especially anthocyanins. Studies on anthocyanins from blackcurrants have adopted different extraction methods and a panel of anthocyanins has been identified in them. Research on the health benefits of blackcurrant anthocyanins has also grown. To present a general overview of research in blackcurrant anthocyanins, this review focuses on the extraction methods of anthocyanins from blackcurrants and the molecular mechanisms underlying their health benefits.
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Iglesias-Carres L, Hughes MD, Steele CN, Ponder MA, Davy KP, Neilson AP. Use of dietary phytochemicals for inhibition of trimethylamine N-oxide formation. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108600. [PMID: 33577949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been reported as a risk factor for atherosclerosis development, as well as for other cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathologies. The objective of this review is to provide a useful summary on the use of phytochemicals as TMAO-reducing agents. This review discusses the main mechanisms by which TMAO promotes CVD, including the modulation of lipid and bile acid metabolism, and the promotion of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Current knowledge on the available strategies to reduce TMAO formation are discussed, highlighting the effect and potential of phytochemicals. Overall, phytochemicals (i.e., phenolic compounds or glucosinolates) reduce TMAO formation by modulating gut microbiota composition and/or function, inhibiting host's capacity to metabolize TMA to TMAO, or a combination of both. Perspectives for design of future studies involving phytochemicals as TMAO-reducing agents are discussed. Overall, the information provided by this review outlines the current state of the art of the role of phytochemicals as TMAO reducing agents, providing valuable insight to further advance in this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisard Iglesias-Carres
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC
| | - Michael D Hughes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Cortney N Steele
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Monica A Ponder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Kevin P Davy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC.
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Chuang HH, Liu CH, Wang CY, Lo YL, Lee GS, Chao YP, Li HY, Kuo TBJ, Yang CCH, Shyu LY, Lee LA. Snoring Sound Characteristics are Associated with Common Carotid Artery Profiles in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:1243-1255. [PMID: 34335064 PMCID: PMC8318214 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s311125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and snoring have been reported to be modifiable risk factors for thick carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and carotid atherosclerosis, which are closely linked to cardiovascular disease. METHODS This cross-sectional study prospectively recruited 70 participants with OSA and without a history of carotid artery disorder, who primarily sought surgical Intervention. OSA and snoring were assessed with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Snore Outcomes Survey, polysomnography, and snoring sound recording. The carotid arteries were evaluated with ultrasonography and divided into three types of carotid artery profiles (normal carotid artery, thick CIMT, or significant carotid atherosclerosis). Multivariate linear/logistic/categorical regressions were performed with the forward selection approaches/logistic least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, as appropriate. RESULTS Normalized snoring sound energy (301-850 Hz) was independently associated with the carotid intima-media thickness (regression coefficient [β] = 0.01, standard error [SE] = 0.004, P = 0.03; R 2 = 0.067) and type of carotid profile (β = 0.40, SE = 0.09, P < 0.001; R 2 = 0.156). Normalized snoring sound energy (4-300 Hz) (β = -0.10, SE = 0.04, P = 0.01) and female sex (β = 1.90, SE = 0.94, P = 0.04) were independently related to the presence of carotid stenosis (R 2 = 0.159). The optimal regression model of the type of carotid artery profile included normalized snoring sound energy (301-850 Hz) (β = 0.33, SE = 0.14, P = 0.03), snoring time (β = 0.26, SE = 0.13, P = 0.047), female sex (β = 0.26, SE = 0.13, P = 0.047), and increased age (β = 0.20, SE = 0.10, P = 0.04) under the control of the Snore Outcomes Survey score, 3% oxygen desaturation index, snoring sound energy (4-1500 Hz), normalized snoring sound energy (851-1500 Hz), cigarette smoking, and hyperlipidemia (R 2 = 0.427). CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that snoring sound characteristics are associated with carotid artery profiles among early OSA patients who cannot be noticed by ultrasound because organic changes of the carotid artery have not yet started. Future studies are warranted to verify the clinical significance of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei Branch and Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.,Genomic Medicine Institute & Obesity Institute, Geisinger Medical, Danville, PA, USA
| | - Chi-Hung Liu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yung Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lun Lo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guo-She Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Taipei City Hospital, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Chao
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C H Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yu Shyu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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The importance of circulating levels of salusin-α, salusin-β, and heregulin-β1 in atherosclerotic coronary arterial disease. Clin Biochem 2020; 87:19-25. [PMID: 33031820 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between the severity of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) and circulating levels of salusin-α, salusin-β and heregulin-β1 has been investigated. In addition, the relationship with these peptides and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been investigated. METHODS The study was conducted on 55 volunteers who had normal coronary angiography (CAG) as the control group, 35 volunteers with the degree of coronary artery stenosis below 50% in CA as the non-critical stenosis group, 37 volunteers with narrowing of one coronary artery above 50% as single vessel group and 41 volunteers with narrowing of more than one coronary artery above 50% as multi-vessel group. One hundred and thirteen volunteers have been included to CAD group. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in serum salusin-α levels between groups. Serum salusin-β ve hsCRP levels were significantly lower in control group compared to other groups and CAD group. There was no statistically significant difference in salusin-β and salusin-α levels in reciprocal comparison of other groups other than heregulin-β1 levels. Heregulin-β1 levels were significantly lower in 'non-critical occlusion' and 'multiple artery occlusion' groups compared to control group. Heregulin-β1 levels in 'single artery occlusion' group were significantly higher than control, 'non-critical occlusion' and 'multiple artery occlusion' groups. CONCLUSION Salusin-α levels does not indicate any significant differences between any groups in our study however the relationship of salusin-α with salusin- β and heregulin-β1 levels drives to cogitate that these peptides can be used as biomarkers and therapeutic approaches in CAD. We think that these peptides will be used in laboratories routinely in future in addition to hsCRP for CAD.
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Włodarski A, Strycharz J, Wróblewski A, Kasznicki J, Drzewoski J, Śliwińska A. The Role of microRNAs in Metabolic Syndrome-Related Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186902. [PMID: 32962281 PMCID: PMC7555602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OxS) is the cause and the consequence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), the incidence and economic burden of which is increasing each year. OxS triggers the dysregulation of signaling pathways associated with metabolism and epigenetics, including microRNAs, which are biomarkers of metabolic disorders. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge regarding the interplay between microRNAs and OxS in MetS and its components. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar to summarize the most relevant studies. Collected data suggested that different sources of OxS (e.g., hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), hyperlipidemia, obesity, proinflammatory cytokines) change the expression of numerous microRNAs in organs involved in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and endothelium. Dysregulated microRNAs either directly or indirectly affect the expression and/or activity of molecules of antioxidative signaling pathways (SIRT1, FOXOs, Keap1/Nrf2) along with effector enzymes (e.g., GPx-1, SOD1/2, HO-1), ROS producers (e.g., NOX4/5), as well as genes of numerous signaling pathways connected with inflammation, insulin sensitivity, and lipid metabolism, thus promoting the progression of metabolic imbalance. MicroRNAs appear to be important epigenetic modifiers in managing the delicate redox balance, mediating either pro- or antioxidant biological impacts. Summarizing, microRNAs may be promising therapeutic targets in ameliorating the repercussions of OxS in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Włodarski
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Justyna Strycharz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
| | - Adam Wróblewski
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Kasznicki
- Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Józef Drzewoski
- Central Teaching Hospital of the Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Śliwińska
- Department of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.S.); (A.Ś.)
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de Dios MA, Childress SD, Cano MÁ, McNeill LH, Reitzel LR, Vaughan E. Elevated cholesterol among African American adults: the role of fatalistic attitudes about health. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2020; 25:835-842. [PMID: 29716391 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1469734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) affects 47% of African-American adults (AAs) in the United States. Elevated cholesterol, the greatest risk factor for CVD, is highly prevalent among AAs, potentially as the result of engagement in behavioral risk factors. Religiosity has been associated with a beneficial effect in health promoting behaviors, yet findings have been mixed depending on methods employed. Religious health fatalism, defined as 'the belief that health outcomes are inevitable and/or determined by God', is a more specific domain of a religiosity that needs further exploration through scientific research. The purpose of the current study is to examine the relationship between RHFQ subscales and self-reported lifetime history of elevated cholesterol. Methods: Participants (n = 135) were recruited from a large, predominately African American church. A multiple logistic regression model was used to test whether the three subscales of the Religious Health Fatalism Questionnaire (RHFQ) were cross-sectional predictors of self-reported lifetime history of elevated cholesterol. Sets of variables were entered into a stepwise logistic regression model with the first set (Block 1) including significant demographic variables and religiosity (i.e. sex, age, level of education, employment status and scores on the Lukwago Religiosity Scale score [LRS]. The three RHFQ subscales were entered into Block 2 as our predictors of interest. Results: After adjusting for covariates, the likelihood of elevated cholesterol increased significantly (OR = 3.21, 95% CI = 1.81-5.69, p < .001) as Helpless Inevitability (RHFQ subscale) scores increased. Conclusions: A greater degree of Helpless Inevitability was found to be significantly associated with self-reported elevated cholesterol level. Future research is needed to further understand the complex interplay of factors associated with religiosity and fatalism that contribute to increased risk of elevated cholesterol among AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A de Dios
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah D Childress
- Department of Health Disparities Research, Division of Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Miguel Ángel Cano
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lorna H McNeill
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lorraine R Reitzel
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- HEALTH Research Institute, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ellen Vaughan
- Department of Counseling and Educational Psychology, School of Education, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Mechanism of Vascular Toxicity in Rats Subjected to Treatment with a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8030049. [PMID: 32698382 PMCID: PMC7560282 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Sunitinib (Su) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic and antineoplastic effects that is recommended therapy for renal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Arterial hypertension is one of the adverse effects observed in the treatment with Su. The aim of this work was to deepen our understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of this side effect. Studies on endothelial function, vascular remodeling and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) system were carried out in thoracic aortas from rats treated with Su for three weeks. Animals subjected to Su treatment presented with increased blood pressure and reduced endothelium-dependent vasodilation, the latter being reverted by NADPH oxidase blockade. Furthermore, vascular remodeling and stronger Masson trichrome staining, together with enhanced immunofluorescence signal for collagen 1 alpha 1 (Col1α1), were observed in aortas from treated animals. These results were accompanied by a significant elevation in superoxide anion production and the activity/protein/gene expression of NADPH oxidase isoforms (NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4), which was also prevented by NOX inhibition. Furthermore, a decrease in nitric oxide (NO) levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activation was observed in aortas from Su-treated animals. All these results indicate that endothelial dysfunction secondary to changes in vascular remodeling and oxidative stress might be responsible for the typical arterial hypertension that develops following treatment with Su.
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Tu R, Hou J, Liu X, Li R, Dong X, Pan M, Mao Z, Huo W, Chen G, Guo Y, Li S, Wang C. Physical activity attenuated association of air pollution with estimated 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in a large rural Chinese adult population: A cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 140:105819. [PMID: 32480112 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although long-term exposure to air pollution and physical inactivity are linked to increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), however, the interactive effect of air pollution and physical activity (PA) on high 10-year ASCVD risk is largely unknown. METHODS A total of 31,162 individuals aged 35-74 years were derived from the Henan Rural Cohort Study, after individuals with personal histories of ASCVD or missing data on predictors of high 10-year ASCVD risk were excluded. Concentrations of air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with an aerodynamics diameters ≤ 1.0 µm (PM1), ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) or ≤10 µm (PM10)) of individuals were estimated using a spatiotemporal model based on satellites data. The metabolic equivalent (MET) of PA of each individual was evaluated using the formula: duration (hour/time) × frequency/week × MET coefficient of each type of activity. Logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between air pollutants, PA and high 10-year ASCVD risk. Interaction plots were used to describe interactive effects of air pollutants and PA on high 10-year ASCVD risk. RESULTS Each 1 µg/m3 increase in PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 were related to a 4.4% (odds ratio (OR): 1.044, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.034, 1.056), 9.1% (OR: 1.091, 95% CI: 1.079, 1.104), 4.6% (OR: 1.046, 95% CI: 1.040, 1.051) or 6.4% (OR: 1.064, 95% CI: 1.055, 1.072) increase in high 10-year ASCVD risk (all p < 0.001), respectively; each one unit-increase in PA MET (hour/day) value was related to a 1.8% (OR: 0.982, 95% CI: 0.980, 0.985) decrease in high 10-year ASCVD risk. Negative interactive effects of PA and PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 on high 10-year ASCVD risk were observed (all p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Exposure to high levels of air pollutants were related to increase high 10-year ASCVD risk and these associations were attenuated by PA, implying that PA may be an effective method to the prevention of high 10-year ASCVD risk in highly polluted rural regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runqi Tu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Ruiying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mingming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Huo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Jeon SY, Kim MR, Yu SH, Kim MJ, Shim KS, Shin E, Lee JJ, Lee YC. Combined Extract of Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica Synergistically Attenuates Oxidative Damage Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:173-183. [PMID: 32676469 PMCID: PMC7333004 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell injury caused by oxidative stress is a critical factor in the initial stage of vascular diseases. Thus, identification of more effective antioxidants is a promising strategy to protect against endothelial cell injury. Recently, synergistic effects between phytochemicals have received renewed attention for their role in the treatment of various diseases. Vitis vinifera L. and Centella asiatica are well-known medicinal plants with various biological effects. However, the combination of the two has not previously been studied. Here, we investigated the effects of V. vinifera L. leaf and C. asiatica extract combination (VCEC), a standardized herbal blend comprising V. vinifera L. leaf extract (VE) and C. asiatica extract (CE), for its antioxidant activity and for the protection of endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). VCEC showed higher antioxidant activity than VE or CE in oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assays. In HUVECs, VCEC significantly suppressed increases in the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased levels of nitric oxide and vascular endothelial-cadherin, and increased endothelial hyperpermeability triggered by H2O2. Treatment with VE or CE alone ameliorated HUVEC injury in a pattern similar to VCEC, although their effects were significantly weaker than VCEC. Overall, VCEC exhibited a substantial synergistic effect on protecting endothelial cells against oxidative damage through its antioxidant activity. Therefore, VCEC could be developed as a potential agent for reducing the risk of vascular diseases related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Yeong Jeon
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | - Mi Ran Kim
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Yu
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jeong Jun Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., Chungnam 31257, Korea
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Alkanli N, Ay A, Kehaya S, Sut N. Investigation of The Relationship Between IL-18 (-607 C/A), IL-18 (-137 G/C) Gene Variations and Ischemic Stroke Disease Development in Thrace Region of Turkey. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:634-645. [PMID: 32573302 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1782932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is a clinical condition characterized by focal or global cerebral dysfunction resulting from inhibition of brain blood flow. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. As a result of IL-18 (-607 C/A, -137 G/C) gene variations, it is thought that binding of transcription factors may be affected and IL-18 mRNA expression can be modulated. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to investigate the roles of IL-18 (-607 C/A), IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variations in the development of ischemic stroke in Trakya Region of Turkey. METHODS Our study was performed with 90 ischemic stroke patients and 89 healthy controls. Genotype distributions of IL-18 (-607 C/A, -137 G/C) gene variations were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. RESULTS GC genotype and CA genotype of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations were determined higher significantly in patent group as compared with other genotypes. However, the statistically significant difference was not determined between patients with ischemic stroke and healthy control groups in terms of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations (p > 0,05). Allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) in patient and control groups were significantly different from the Hardy-Weinberg distribution (p < .001 for all). CONCLUSION Although these gene variations' genotype distributions were not determined as a genetic risk factor for the development of ischemic stroke, allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) in patient and control groups were significantly different from the Hardy-Weinberg distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevra Alkanli
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, T.C. Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ay
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Sezgin Kehaya
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Necdet Sut
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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