1
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Mattila J, Pitkänen N, Järveläinen H. Common variable immunodeficiency-an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1289675. [PMID: 38028500 PMCID: PMC10663274 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1289675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a disease of chronic inflammation of the arterial wall, is the main cause of most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), a group of diseases characterized by frequent infections due to defective antibody production and lack of human immunoglobulins, plays a role in immune activation and inflammation. Thus, it can be hypothesized that CVID increases the risk for atherosclerotic CVDs. On the other hand, it is also possible that CVID patients are protected from atherosclerotic CVDs based on their life-long immunoglobulin therapy. Here, we examined whether patients with CVID have an increased risk for atherosclerotic CVDs or whether they are protected from these diseases. Using an electronic patient database registry search of a population of 83 CVID patients and their age- and sex-matched, tenfold larger control population we demonstrate that CVID patients have a statistically significantly higher risk for coronary heart disease (OR 2.4, p = 0.015) and peripheral vascular disease (OR 12.5, p < 0.001). Regarding cerebrovascular disease, there was a trend towards CVID patients having more strokes or ischemic attacks, but the difference was not statistically significant (OR 2.0, p = 0.133). The combined OR for CVID patients for atherosclerotic CVDs was 2.6 (p = 0.001). CVID population had more hypertension, but smoking was more seldom. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of diabetes or levels of serum total, HDL or LDL cholesterol, or glycosylated hemoglobin A1c between CVID patients and their controls. CVID patients had infections more frequently and the OR for autoimmune diseases was 3.8 (p < 0.001). Finally, a multivariate logistic analysis showed that CVID is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic CVDs (p = 0.002). The present study demonstrates for the first time that CVID is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic CVDs. Further studies are required to fully understand the exact mechanisms behind this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Mattila
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina Pitkänen
- Auria Biobank, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannu Järveläinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Satasairaala Central Hospital, Satakunta Hospital District, Pori, Finland
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2
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Chakraborty S, Kumari R, Gupta D, Makharia GK, Ahuja V, Kumar P, Mitra DK. Interleukin-9 rescues class switching of Memory B cells derived from Common variable immunodeficiency patients. Clin Immunol 2023; 254:109697. [PMID: 37481011 PMCID: PMC7615988 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Impaired class switch memory (CSM) B cell formation is the hallmark of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). Various T cell abnormalities have been observed in CVID patients indicating inadequate T-cell help to B cells. A major setback in understanding its pathogenesis is due to diverse clinical presentation. Therefore, we performed extensive immunological investigation in a cohort of CVID patients with similar clinical findings in order to unravel the T cell dysfunction and its influence on the defective humoral immune response. All recruited CVID patients exhibited B cells in the normal range, but reduced CSM B cells. However, patients showed reduced T cell proliferation, reduced level of serum Interleukin-9 (IL-9) and frequency of IL-9 expressing CD4 (Th-9) cells. IL-9 supplementation along with CD40 engagement was effective in inducing in vitro CSM B cells formation in CVID patients. Thus, IL-9 supplementation has the potential to restore impaired CSM B cell formation in CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmita Chakraborty
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rinkee Kumari
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Devika Gupta
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Dipendra Kumar Mitra
- Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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3
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Jorgensen SF, Macpherson ME, Skarpengland T, Berge RK, Fevang B, Halvorsen B, Aukrust P. Disturbed lipid profile in common variable immunodeficiency - a pathogenic loop of inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199727. [PMID: 37545531 PMCID: PMC10398391 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between metabolic and inflammatory pathways play a pathogenic role in various cardiometabolic disorders and is potentially also involved in the pathogenesis of other disorders such as cancer, autoimmunity and infectious diseases. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common primary immunodeficiency in adults, characterized by increased frequency of airway infections with capsulated bacteria. In addition, a large proportion of CVID patients have autoimmune and inflammatory complications associated with systemic inflammation. We summarize the evidence that support a role of a bidirectional pathogenic interaction between inflammation and metabolic disturbances in CVID. This include low levels and function of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high levels of triglycerides (TG) and its major lipoprotein very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and an unfavorable fatty acid (FA) profile. The dysregulation of TG, VLDL and FA were linked to disturbed gut microbiota profile, and TG and VLDL levels were strongly associated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), a marker of gut leakage in blood. Of note, the disturbed lipid profile in CVID did not include total cholesterol levels or high low-density lipoprotein levels. Furthermore, increased VLDL and TG levels in blood were not associated with diet, high body mass index and liver steatosis, suggesting a different phenotype than in patients with traditional cardiovascular risk such as metabolic syndrome. We hypothesize that these metabolic disturbances are linked to inflammation in a bidirectional manner with disturbed gut microbiota as a potential contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje F. Jorgensen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnhild E. Macpherson
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tonje Skarpengland
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf K. Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Børre Fevang
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bente Halvorsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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4
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Lucane Z, Slisere B, Gersone G, Papirte S, Gailite L, Tretjakovs P, Kurjane N. Cytokine Response Following SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Stimulation in Patients with Predominantly Antibody Deficiencies. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051146. [PMID: 37243231 DOI: 10.3390/v15051146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Predominantly antibody deficiencies (PADs) are inborn disorders characterized by immune dysregulation and increased susceptibility to infections. Response to vaccination, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may be impaired in these patients, and studies on responsiveness correlates, including cytokine signatures to antigen stimulation, are sparse. In this study, we aimed to describe the spike-specific cytokine response following whole-blood stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides in patients with PAD (n = 16 with common variable immunodeficiency and n = 15 with selective IgA deficiency) and its relationship with the occurrence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during up to 10-month follow-up period. Spike-induced antibody and cytokine production was measured using ELISA (anti-spike IgG, IFN-γ) and xMAP technology (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, IL-17A, IL-21, TNF-α, TGF-β1). No difference was found in the production of cytokines between patients with PAD and controls. Anti-spike IgG and cytokine levels did not predict contraction of COVID-19. The only cytokine that distinguished between vaccinated and naturally infected unvaccinated PAD patients was IFN-γ (median 0.64 (IQR = 1.08) in vaccinated vs. 0.10 (IQR = 0.28) in unvaccinated). This study describes the spike-specific cytokine response to SARS-CoV-2 antigens, which is not predictive of contracting COVID-19 during the follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Lucane
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Baiba Slisere
- The Joint Laboratory, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
- Department of Internal Diseases, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Gita Gersone
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Sindija Papirte
- Faculty of Medicine, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Linda Gailite
- Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Peteris Tretjakovs
- Department of Human Physiology and Biochemistry, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Natalja Kurjane
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, Riga Stradins University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
- Outpatient Clinic, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, LV-1002 Riga, Latvia
- Outpatient Clinic, Children's Clinical University Hospital, LV-1004 Riga, Latvia
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The Role of m 6A Modifications in B-Cell Development and B-Cell-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054721. [PMID: 36902149 PMCID: PMC10003095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells are a class of professional antigen-presenting cells that produce antibodies to mediate humoral immune response and participate in immune regulation. m6A modification is the most common RNA modification in mRNA; it involves almost all aspects of RNA metabolism and can affect RNA splicing, translation, stability, etc. This review focuses on the B-cell maturation process as well as the role of three m6A modification-related regulators-writer, eraser, and reader-in B-cell development and B-cell-related diseases. The identification of genes and modifiers that contribute to immune deficiency may shed light on regulatory requirements for normal B-cell development and the underlying mechanism of some common diseases.
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6
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Yazdanpanah N, Rezaei N. Autoimmune disorders associated with common variable immunodeficiency: prediction, diagnosis, and treatment. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:1265-1283. [PMID: 36197300 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2132938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency. Due to the wide spectrum of the CVID manifestations, the differential diagnosis becomes complicated, ends in a diagnostic delay and increased morbidity and mortality rates. Autoimmunity is one of the important complications associated with CVID. While immunoglobulin replacement therapy has considerably decreased the mortality rate in CVID patients, mainly infection-related mortality, other complications such as autoimmunity appeared prevalent and, in some cases, life threatening. AREAS COVERED In this article, genetics, responsible immune defects, autoimmune manifestations in different organs, and the diagnosis and treatment processes in CVID patients are reviewed, after searching the literature about these topics. EXPERT OPINION Considering the many phenotypes of CVID and the fact that it remained undiagnosed until older ages, it is important to include various manifestations of CVID in the differential diagnosis. Due to the different manifestations of CVID, including autoimmune diseases, interdisciplinary collaboration of physicians from different fields is highly recommended, as discussed in the manuscript. Meanwhile, it is important to determine which patients could benefit from genetic diagnostic studies since such studies are not necessary for establishing the diagnosis of CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Yazdanpanah
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Yu Y, Yue Z, Xu M, Zhang M, Shen X, Ma Z, Li J, Xie X. Macrophages play a key role in tissue repair and regeneration. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14053. [PMID: 36196399 PMCID: PMC9527023 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration after body injury has always been a complex problem to resolve for mammals. In adult mammals, the repair process after tissue injury is often accompanied by continuous and extensive fibrosis, which leads to scars. This process has been shown to severely hinder regeneration. Macrophages, as widely distributed innate immune cells, not only play an important role in various pathological processes, but also participate in the repair process before tissue regeneration and coordinate the regeneration process after repair. This review will discuss the various forms and indispensability of macrophages involved in repair and regeneration, and how macrophages play a role in the repair and regeneration of different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Yu
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongyu Yue
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengli Xu
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Shen
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zihan Ma
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Xie
- College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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8
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Ho HE, Cunningham-Rundles C. Seeking Relevant Biomarkers in Common Variable Immunodeficiency. Front Immunol 2022; 13:857050. [PMID: 35359997 PMCID: PMC8962738 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.857050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common symptomatic form of primary immunodeficiency. More than 50% of patients in some series suffer from autoimmune or inflammatory complications (the "CVID+" phenotype), and these are not adequately addressed by current treatments. Despite major advancements in genetics, the pathogenesis of the CVID+ phenotype has remained unexplained for most patients, necessitating the need for relevant biomarkers in both the clinic and research settings. In the clinics, reduced isotype-switched memory B cells (≤ 0.55% of B cells) and reduced T cells (CD4) can be utilized to identify those with increased complication risks. Additionally, condition-specific markers have also been suggested for lymphoma (normal or elevated IgM) and progressive interstitial lung disease (increased BAFF, normal or elevated IgM). Additional biomarkers have provided insights into disease pathogenesis, demonstrating wider systemic inflammation (increased LBP, sCD14, and sCD25; expanded ILC3), mucosal defects (increased zonulin, I-FABP), and perhaps reduced anti-inflammatory capability (reduced HDL) in CVID. Most recently, efforts have revealed elevated circulating bioactive bacterial DNA levels - marking microbial translocation and potentially linking the causation of multiple inflammatory changes previously observed in CVID. The implementation of high throughput profiling techniques may accelerate the search of relevant biomarker profiles in CVID and lead to better clinical risk stratification, revealing disease insights, and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-en Ho
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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9
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Quartuccio L, De Marchi G, Longhino S, Manfrè V, Rizzo MT, Gandolfo S, Tommasini A, De Vita S, Fox R. Shared Pathogenetic Features Between Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Sjögren's Syndrome: Clues for a Personalized Medicine. Front Immunol 2021; 12:703780. [PMID: 34322134 PMCID: PMC8311857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.703780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) are a group of rare diseases of the immune system and the most common symptomatic primary antibody deficiency in adults. The “variable” aspect of CVID refers to the approximately half of the patients who develop non-infective complications, mainly autoimmune features, in particular organ specific autoimmune diseases including thyroiditis, and cytopenias. Among these associated conditions, the incidence of lymphoma, including mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type, is increased. Although these associated autoimmune disorders in CVID are generally attributed to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), we propose that Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is perhaps a better candidate for the associated disease. SS is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the lymphocytic infiltrates of lacrimal and salivary glands, leading to dryness of the eyes and mouth. Thus, it is a lymphocyte aggressive disorder, in contrast to SLE where pathology is generally attributed to auto-antibody and complement activation. Although systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) shares these features with SS, a much higher frequency of MALT lymphoma distinguishes SS from SLE. Also, the higher frequency of germ line encoded paraproteins such as the monoclonal rheumatoid factor found in SS patients would be more consistent with the failure of B-cell VDJ switching found in CVID; and in contrast to the hypermutation that characterizes SLE autoantibodies. Thus, we suggest that SS may fit as a better “autoimmune” association with CVID. Examining the common underlying biologic mechanisms that promote lymphoid infiltration by dysregulated lymphocytes and lymphoma in CVID may provide new avenues for treatment in both the diseases. Since the diagnosis of SLE or rheumatoid arthritis is usually based on specific autoantibodies, the associated autoimmune features of CVID patients may not be recognized in the absence of autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Quartuccio
- Rheumatology Clinic, ASU FC, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Simone Longhino
- Rheumatology Clinic, ASU FC, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valeria Manfrè
- Rheumatology Clinic, ASU FC, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Rizzo
- Rheumatology Clinic, ASU FC, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Tommasini
- Pediatric Immunology, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Vita
- Rheumatology Clinic, ASU FC, Udine, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Robert Fox
- Rheumatology Clinic, Scripps Memorial Hospital and Research Foundation, La Jolla, CA, United States
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10
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De Felice B, Nigro E, Polito R, Rossi FW, Pecoraro A, Spadaro G, Daniele A. Differently expressed microRNA in response to the first Ig replacement therapy in common variable immunodeficiency patients. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21482. [PMID: 33293557 PMCID: PMC7722869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77100-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a complex primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by a high clinical and genetic heterogeneity. The molecular underlying causes of CVID are not still now clear and the delays in diagnosis and treatment worsen the prognosis of the patients. MicroRNAs are non-coding, endogenous small RNAs often deregulated in human diseases, such as autoimmune and other immune-based disorders. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate miRNAs associated with the CVID and, in particular, with the response to the first Ig replacement therapy. To this aim, we compared miRNA profile obtained by serum samples of treatment-naïve CVID patients before and 24 h after the first Ig replacement therapy. For the first time, using a microarray assay followed by an integrated bioinformatics/biostatistics analysis, we identified five microRNAs (hsa-miR-6742, hsa-miR-1825, hsa-miR-4769-3p, hsa-miR-1228-3p, hsa-miR-1972) differently modulated in CVID patients by Ig infusion. All of them were down-regulated, excepted miR-6742 which was up-regulated. The latter may be of particular interest, since its functions are related to pathways involving Class I MHC mediated antigen processing and adaptive as well as innate Immune System. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time the modulation of miRNAs involved in CVID patients after the first Ig replacement therapy. Further studies are needed to assess whether such miRNAs could represent novel potential biomarkers in management and therapy of CVID patients.
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11
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Berbers RM, Drylewicz J, Ellerbroek PM, van Montfrans JM, Dalm VASH, van Hagen PM, Keller B, Warnatz K, van de Ven A, van Laar JM, Nierkens S, Leavis HL. Targeted Proteomics Reveals Inflammatory Pathways that Classify Immune Dysregulation in Common Variable Immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol 2020; 41:362-373. [PMID: 33190167 PMCID: PMC7858548 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00908-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) can develop immune dysregulation complications such as autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, enteritis, and malignancy, which cause significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to (i) assess the potential of serum proteomics in stratifying patients with immune dysregulation using two independent cohorts and (ii) identify cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways that underlie immune dysregulation in CVID. A panel of 180 markers was measured in two multicenter CVID cohorts using Olink Protein Extension Assay technology. A classification algorithm was trained to distinguish CVID with immune dysregulation (CVIDid, n = 14) from CVID with infections only (CVIDio, n = 16) in the training cohort, and validated on a second testing cohort (CVIDid n = 23, CVIDio n = 24). Differential expression in both cohorts was used to determine relevant signaling pathways. An elastic net classifier using MILR1, LILRB4, IL10, IL12RB1, and CD83 could discriminate between CVIDid and CVIDio patients with a sensitivity of 0.83, specificity of 0.75, and area under the curve of 0.73 in an independent testing cohort. Activated pathways (fold change > 1.5, FDR-adjusted p < 0.05) in CVIDid included Th1 and Th17-associated signaling, as well as IL10 and other immune regulatory markers (LAG3, TNFRSF9, CD83). Targeted serum proteomics provided an accurate and reproducible tool to discriminate between patients with CVIDid and CVIDio. Cytokine profiles provided insight into activation of Th1 and Th17 pathways and indicate a possible role for chronic inflammation and exhaustion in immune dysregulation. These findings serve as a first step towards the development of biomarkers for immune dysregulation in CVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roos-Marijn Berbers
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Drylewicz
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline M Ellerbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris M van Montfrans
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Virgil A S H Dalm
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology; Department of Immunology; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Martin van Hagen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology; Department of Immunology; Academic Center for Rare Immunological Diseases (RIDC), Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annick van de Ven
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap M van Laar
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Nierkens
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen L Leavis
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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12
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Cellular and molecular events of inflammation induced transdifferentiation (EMT) and regeneration (MET) in mesenteric mesothelial cells. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:1173-1179. [PMID: 32920669 PMCID: PMC7486969 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01400-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review we summarize the cellular and molecular events of inflammation induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) and mesothelial-to-macrophage transition (MET) during regeneration. Since the receptor transmits the environmental stimulus, downregulating or upregulating the process on an epigenetic level, the intracellular localization of receptors (signaling organelles: early endosomes or lysosomal degradation: late endosomes) plays a crucial role in the signaling events regulating inflammation and regeneration. Therefore, we focused on the internalization of the receptors as well as the intracellular compartmentalization of signaling molecules during EMT and MET. The review draws the reader's attention to the plasticity of mesothelial cells and supports the idea that during inflammation an ambient macrophage population might derive from mesothelial cells.
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Tsaava T, Datta-Chaudhuri T, Addorisio ME, Masi EB, Silverman HA, Newman JE, Imperato GH, Bouton C, Tracey KJ, Chavan SS, Chang EH. Specific vagus nerve stimulation parameters alter serum cytokine levels in the absence of inflammation. Bioelectron Med 2020; 6:8. [PMID: 32309522 PMCID: PMC7146955 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-020-00042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves is a widely used technique to treat a variety of conditions including chronic pain, motor impairment, headaches, and epilepsy. Nerve stimulation to achieve efficacious symptomatic relief depends on the proper selection of electrical stimulation parameters to recruit the appropriate fibers within a nerve. Recently, electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve has shown promise for controlling inflammation and clinical trials have demonstrated efficacy for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. This application of vagus nerve stimulation activates the inflammatory reflex, reducing levels of inflammatory cytokines during inflammation. Methods Here, we wanted to test whether altering the parameters of electrical vagus nerve stimulation would change circulating cytokine levels of normal healthy animals in the absence of increased inflammation. To examine this, we systematically tested a set of electrical stimulation parameters and measured serum cytokine levels in healthy mice. Results Surprisingly, we found that specific combinations of pulse width, pulse amplitude, and frequency produced significant increases of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF), while other parameters selectively lowered serum TNF levels, as compared to sham-stimulated mice. In addition, serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) were significantly increased by select parameters of electrical stimulation but remained unchanged with others. Conclusions These results indicate that electrical stimulation parameter selection is critically important for the modulation of cytokines via the cervical vagus nerve and that specific cytokines can be increased by electrical stimulation in the absence of inflammation. As the next generation of bioelectronic therapies and devices are developed to capitalize on the neural regulation of inflammation, the selection of nerve stimulation parameters will be a critically important variable for achieving cytokine-specific changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Téa Tsaava
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Timir Datta-Chaudhuri
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11030 USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Meghan E. Addorisio
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Emily Battinelli Masi
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11030 USA
| | - Harold A. Silverman
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Justin E. Newman
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Gavin H. Imperato
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Chad Bouton
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11030 USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Kevin J. Tracey
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11030 USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Sangeeta S. Chavan
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11030 USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
| | - Eric H. Chang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030 USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York 11030 USA
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14
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Chen R. Primary Immunodeficiency. Rare Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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15
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O’Brien CA, Harris TH. ICOS-deficient and ICOS YF mutant mice fail to control Toxoplasma gondii infection of the brain. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228251. [PMID: 31978191 PMCID: PMC6980566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection requires ongoing recruitment of T cells to the brain. Thus, the factors that promote, sustain, and regulate the T cell response to the parasite in the brain are of great interest. The costimulatory molecule ICOS (inducible T cell costimulator) has been reported to act largely through the PI3K pathway in T cells, and can play pro-inflammatory or pro-regulatory roles depending on the inflammatory context and T cell type being studied. During infection with T. gondii, ICOS promotes early T cell responses, while in the chronic stage of infection ICOS plays a regulatory role by limiting T cell responses in the brain. We sought to characterize the role of ICOS signaling through PI3K during chronic infection using two models of ICOS deficiency: total ICOS knockout (KO) mice and ICOS YF mice that are unable to activate PI3K signaling. Overall, ICOS KO and ICOS YF mice had similar severe defects in parasite-specific IgG production and parasite control compared to WT mice. Additionally, we observed expanded effector T cell populations and a loss of Treg frequency in the brains of both ICOS KO and ICOS YF mice. When comparing the remaining Treg populations in infected mice, ICOS KO Tregs expressed WT levels of Foxp3 and CD25, while ICOS YF Tregs expressed significantly less Foxp3 and CD25 compared to both WT and ICOS KO mice. Together, these results suggest that PI3K-independent signaling downstream of ICOS plays an important role in Treg stability in the context of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carleigh A. O’Brien
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Tajie H. Harris
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia, Department of Neuroscience, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Polito R, Nigro E, Pecoraro A, Monaco ML, Perna F, Sanduzzi A, Genovese A, Spadaro G, Daniele A. Adiponectin Receptors and Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Modulated in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Patients: Correlation With Ig Replacement Therapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2812. [PMID: 31827477 PMCID: PMC6890605 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin exerts beneficial pleiotropic effects through three receptors, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, and T-cadherin; it also exerts immunomodulatory effects. We previously demonstrated that adiponectin levels are altered in common variable immunodeficiency disease (CVID). The purpose of the present study was to investigate further the specific involvement of adiponectin in CVID by characterizing (i) the expression profile of adiponectin receptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells; (ii) the levels of another relevant adipokine, namely leptin; (iii) the levels of five other cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNFα, and IFNγ) in 24 patients on maintenance therapy, in 18 treatment-naïve patients (before and 24 h after the first Ig infusion) and in 28 healthy controls. We found that (i) adiponectin was down-expressed in patients on maintenance therapy and in treatment-naïve patients, and that it increased in treatment-naïve patients 24 h after the first Ig infusion; (ii) leptin expression did not differ between maintenance patients and controls either before or after the first Ig infusion; (iii) AdipoR1 expression was significantly higher on B lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells of CVID patients than in controls; (iv) the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 on B lymphocytes, monocytes and NK cells was higher after the first Ig infusion than in treatment-naïve patients; (v) T-cadherin expression did not differ between treatment- naïve CVID patients and controls, and was not affected by Ig infusion; and (vi) IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and TNFα levels were differently expressed in CVID patients on therapy maintenance and were not affected by the first Ig replacement therapy. This is the first study to demonstrate that the expression of AdipoRs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CVID patients differs from that of controls, and changes after the first Ig infusion. The specificity of adiponectin involvement in CVID is supported by the absence of changes in leptin levels and in the levels of the cytokines investigated. Taken together, these results suggest that the adiponectin system plays an important and specific role in CVID. A better understanding of adiponectin as a link in the cross-talk between the immune system and adipose tissue may provide additional benefits for the management of CVID patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Polito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
| | - Ersilia Nigro
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pecoraro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Franco Perna
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sanduzzi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spadaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Allergologia e Immunologia Clinica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Aurora Daniele
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Caserta, Italy.,CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Naples, Italy
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Kotlinowski J, Bukowska-Strakova K, Koppolu A, Kosińska J, Pydyn N, Stawinski P, Wilamowski M, Nowak W, Józkowicz A, Baran J, Płoski R, Jura J. A Novel Monoallelic Nonsense Mutation in the NFKB2 Gene Does Not Cause a Clinical Manifestation. Front Genet 2019; 10:140. [PMID: 30863427 PMCID: PMC6399389 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-κB signaling, acting through NFKB1 dependent canonical and NFKB2 dependent non-canonical pathways plays a critical role in inflammatory and immune responses. Recent studies have associated mutations in these two genes with a common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). While evaluating a female patient seeking a diagnosis explaining her recurrent infections, we found a novel heterozygous c.1831C > T (p.Arg611∗) nonsense mutation in the NFKB2 gene which introduces a Stop codon in the ankyrin repeat domain of p100. Whole exome sequencing (WES) analysis, followed by Sanger sequencing, identified this previously unknown mutation in two other family members. Penetrance of the c.1831C > T variant was assessed by flow-cytometry and protein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); whereas, activation of the NF-κB2 signaling pathway was examined through immunoblotting and real-time PCR. Heterozygous c.1831C > T variant led to the expansion of lymphocyte B subpopulations with concomitant reduction of plasmablasts, low IgG levels, and accumulation of p52 in PBMC. On the other hand, tested subjects had normal levels of IgM, IgA, IgE and no impairment in lymphocytes proliferation. Although evaluated patients did not fulfill all clinical features of CVID, their health should be monitored in the future for possible late manifestation of the disease. In conclusion, we showed that NFKB2 haplodeficiency caused by c.1831C > T nonsense mutation is asymptomatic, possibly due to the compensatory mechanisms and allele redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Kotlinowski
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Bukowska-Strakova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Koppolu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Kosińska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Pydyn
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Stawinski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wilamowski
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Witold Nowak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jarosław Baran
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Jura
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Smith T, Cunningham-Rundles C. Primary B-cell immunodeficiencies. Hum Immunol 2018; 80:351-362. [PMID: 30359632 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Primary B-cell immunodeficiencies refer to diseases resulting from impaired antibody production due to either molecular defects intrinsic to B-cells or a failure of interaction between B-cells and T-cells. Patients typically have recurrent infections and can vary with presentation and complications depending upon where the defect has occurred in B-cell development or the degree of functional impairment. In this review, we describe B-cell specific immune defects categorized by presence or absence of peripheral B-cells, immunoglobulins isotypes and evidence of antibody impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tukisa Smith
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States; The Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, 1230 York Avenue, Box 179, New York, NY 10065, United States.
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029-6574, United States.
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19
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Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic syndrome. The proactive role of probiotics. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:27-43. [PMID: 30043184 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The first part of this review focuses on the role of cells and molecules of adipose tissue involved in metabolic syndrome-induced inflammation and in the maintenance of this pathology. In the second part of the review, the potential role of probiotics-modulating metabolic syndrome-related inflammatory components is summarized and discussed. METHODS The search for the current scientific literature was carried out using ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar search engines. The keywords used were: metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistant, adipose tissue, adipose tissue inflammation, chronic low-grade inflammation, immune cells, adipokines, cytokines, probiotics, and gut microbiota. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Chronic low-grade inflammation that characterized metabolic syndrome can contribute to the development of the metabolic dysfunctions involved in the pathogenesis of its comorbidities. Adipose tissue is a complex organ that performs metabolic and immune functions. During metabolic syndrome, an imbalance in the inflammatory components of adipose tissue (immune cells, cytokines, and adipocytokines), which shift from an anti-inflammatory to a pro-inflammatory profile, can provoke metabolic syndrome linked complications. Further knowledge concerning the immune function of adipose tissue may contribute to finding better alternatives for the treatment or prevention of such disorders. The control of inflammation could result in the management of many of the pathologies related to metabolic syndrome. Due to the strong evidence that gut microbiota composition plays a role modulating the body weight, adipose tissue, and the prevalence of a low-grade inflammatory status, probiotics emerge as valuable tools for the prevention of metabolic syndrome and health recovery.
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20
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Behniafard N, Amirzargar AA, Gharagozlou M, Delavari F, Hosseinverdi S, Sotoudeh S, Farhadi E, Mahmoudi M, Khaledi M, Moghaddam ZG, Aghamohammadi A, Rezaei N. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes encoding IL-10 and TGF-β1 in Iranian children with atopic dermatitis. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2018; 46:155-159. [PMID: 29310944 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease in which both genetic and environmental factors interact to determine the susceptibility and severity of the disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the association between atopic dermatitis and IL-10 and TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms. METHODS The allele and genotype frequencies of genes encoding for IL-10 and TGF-β1 were investigated in 89 patients with atopic dermatitis in comparison with 138 in the control group using the PCR-SSP method. RESULTS A significant increase was found in the frequency of the TGF-β1 codon 10/C allele among patients (p<0.001, OR=6.77), whereas a significant decrease was observed in the frequency of the T allele at the same position (p<0.001, OR=0.14). The frequency of the TGF-β1 codon 25/G allele in the control group was significantly higher than among patients (p<0.001, OR=0.08). A significant positive correlation was seen between CC (p<0.001, OR=15.10) and CG (p<0.001) genotypes and AD at codons 10 and 25, respectively. The most frequent haplotypes among patients was TGF-β1 CG which was significantly higher than in the control subjects (50% in patients vs. 39.9% in controls, p=0.042). A significant increase was found in the frequency of TGF-β CC (36% in patients vs. 7.6% in controls, p<0.001) and TC (14% in patients vs. 0% in controls, p<0.001) haplotypes among patients compared to controls. By contrast, the TGF-β1 TG haplotype was significantly lower in patients than controls (0% in patients vs. 52.5% in controls, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in the frequency of alleles, genotypes and haplotypes of the IL-10 gene. CONCLUSIONS We found a strong association between the polymorphisms of the TGF-β1 gene at codon 10 and codon 25 positions and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Behniafard
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A A Amirzargar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Gharagozlou
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Delavari
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - S Hosseinverdi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Sotoudeh
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Farhadi
- Hematology Department, School of Allied Medical Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mahmoudi
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Dietitians and Nutrition Expert Team (DiNET), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - M Khaledi
- Growth and Development Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Z G Moghaddam
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Aghamohammadi
- Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Boston, MA, USA.
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Maglione PJ, Cols M, Cunningham-Rundles C. Dysregulation of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 17:77. [PMID: 28983810 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-017-0746-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent symptomatic primary immune deficiency. With widespread use of immunoglobulin replacement therapy, non-infectious complications, such as autoimmunity, chronic intestinal inflammation, and lung disease, have replaced infections as the major cause of morbidity and mortality in this immune deficiency. The pathogenic mechanisms that underlie the development of these complications in CVID are not known; however, there have been numerous associated laboratory findings. Among the most intriguing of these associations is elevation of interferon signature genes in CVID patients with inflammatory/autoimmune complications, as a similar gene expression profile is found in systemic lupus erythematosus and other chronic inflammatory diseases. Linked with this heightened interferon signature in CVID is an expansion of circulating IFN-γ-producing innate lymphoid cells. Innate lymphoid cells are key regulators of both protective and pathogenic immune responses that have been extensively studied in recent years. Further exploration of innate lymphoid cell biology in CVID may uncover key mechanisms underlying the development of inflammatory complications in these patients and may inspire much needed novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Maglione
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1089, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Montserrat Cols
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1089, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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22
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Dynamic changes in serum cytokine levels and their clinical significance in predicting acute GVHD. Oncotarget 2017; 8:53691-53700. [PMID: 28881843 PMCID: PMC5581142 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the clinical significance of cytokines and biochemical tests in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), we detected the concentrations of 8 cytokines and 19 conventional biochemical markers in the sera of aGVHD and non-GVHD patients throughout the process of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the onset of aGVHD. Predictive models were then established using the 27 indices, and models were verified by a prospective trial. The 27 indices showed significant differences between aGVHD patients and non-GVHD control subjects (two-tailed p<0.05) prior to transplantation and before the onset of aGVHD. Our models, established by binary logistic regression on days +7 and +14, showed a significant absolute capacity of predicting grade 2∼4 aGVHD with positive and negative predictive values of at least 70%. Our data showed that the progression of aGVHD could induce dynamic changes in the levels of serum cytokines and biochemical markers. Because most of these tests were less specific for aGVHD, these changes were easily neglected in clinical work. However, by combining cytokine and biochemical tests, the established prediction model can greatly improve the ability of these biomarkers to predict the development of aGVHD one or two weeks earlier.
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23
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Unger S, Seidl M, van Schouwenburg P, Rakhmanov M, Bulashevska A, Frede N, Grimbacher B, Pfeiffer J, Schrenk K, Munoz L, Hanitsch L, Stumpf I, Kaiser F, Hausmann O, Kollert F, Goldacker S, van der Burg M, Keller B, Warnatz K. The T H1 phenotype of follicular helper T cells indicates an IFN-γ-associated immune dysregulation in patients with CD21low common variable immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:730-740. [PMID: 28554560 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A subgroup of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) experience immune dysregulation manifesting as autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, and organ inflammation and thereby increasing morbidity and mortality. Therefore treatment of these complications demands a deeper comprehension of their cause and pathophysiology. OBJECTIVES On the basis of the identification of an interferon signature in patients with CVID with secondary complications and a skewed follicular helper T-cell differentiation in defined monogenic immunodeficiencies, we sought to determine the profile of CD4 memory T cells in blood and secondary lymphatic tissues of these patients. METHODS We quantified TH1/TH2/TH17 CD4 memory T cells in blood and lymph nodes of patients with CVID using flow cytometry, analyzed their function, and correlated all findings to the burden of immune dysregulation. RESULTS Patients with CVID with immune dysregulation had a skewed memory CD4 T-cell differentiation toward a CXCR3+CCR6- TH1 phenotype both in blood and lymph nodes. Consistent with our phenotypic findings, we observed a higher IFN-γ production in peripheral CD4 memory T cells and lymph node-derived follicular helper T cells of patients with CVID compared with those of healthy control subjects. Increased IFN-γ production was accompanied by a poor germinal center output, an accumulation of T-box transcription factor (T-bet)+ B cells in lymph nodes, and an accumulation of T-bet+CD21low B cells in peripheral blood of affected patients. CONCLUSION Identification of excessive IFN-γ production by blood and lymph node-derived T cells of patients with CVID with immune dysregulation will offer new therapeutic avenues for this subgroup. CD21low B cells might serve as a marker of this IFN-γ-associated dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Unger
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Seidl
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pauline van Schouwenburg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirzokhid Rakhmanov
- Center for Human Genetics and Laboratory Diagnostics (AHC), Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alla Bulashevska
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Frede
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Pfeiffer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaudia Schrenk
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute for Surgical Pathology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luis Munoz
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Leif Hanitsch
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ina Stumpf
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Kaiser
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Florian Kollert
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sigune Goldacker
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Azizi G, Ahmadi M, Abolhassani H, Yazdani R, Mohammadi H, Mirshafiey A, Rezaei N, Aghamohammadi A. Autoimmunity in Primary Antibody Deficiencies. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016; 171:180-193. [DOI: 10.1159/000453263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Azizi G, Pouyani MR, Abolhassani H, Sharifi L, dizaji MZ, Mohammadi J, Mirshafiey A, Aghamohammadi A. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of immune dysregulation and autoimmunity. Cell Immunol 2016; 310:14-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Azizi G, Abolhassani H, Asgardoon MH, Alinia T, Yazdani R, Mohammadi J, Rezaei N, Ochs HD, Aghamohammadi A. Autoimmunity in common variable immunodeficiency: epidemiology, pathophysiology and management. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016; 13:101-115. [DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2016.1224664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Azizi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Imam Hassan Mojtaba Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Hosein Asgardoon
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian Student Society for Immunodeficiencies, Student’s Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tina Alinia
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Yazdani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hans D. Ochs
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Autoimmune and inflammatory manifestations are the biggest clinical challenge in the care of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). The increasing pathogenic knowledge and potential therapeutic implications require a new evaluation of the status quo. (Figure is included in full-text article.) RECENT FINDINGS The conundrum of the simultaneous manifestation of primary immunodeficiency and autoimmune disease (AID) is increasingly elucidated by newly discovered genetic defects. Thus, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 or caspase-9 deficiency presenting with CVID-like phenotypes reiterate concepts of immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Activating signaling defects downstream of antigen or cytokine receptors are often associated with loss-of-tolerance in the affected patients. Increasingly, forms of combined immunodeficiency are discovered among CVID-like patients. Although different autoimmune manifestations often coincide in the same patient their immunopathology varies. Treatment of AID in CVID remains a challenge, but based on a better definition of the immunopathology first attempts of targeted treatment have been made. SUMMARY The increasing comprehension of immunological concepts promoting AID in CVID will allow better and in some cases possibly even targeted treatment. A genetic diagnosis therefore becomes important information in this group of patients, especially in light of the fact that some patients might require hematopoietic stem cell transplantation because of their underlying immunodeficiency.
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Fischer S, Diers S, Bauerfeind R, Czerny CP, Neumann S. Dynamics of salivary immunoglobulin A and serum interleukin 6 levels in newborn calves. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Perovic D, Perovic V, Pravica V, Bonaci-Nikolic B, Mijanovic R, Bunjevacki V. Evaluation of cytokine genetic polymorphisms in adult patients with common variable immunodeficiency: A single-center study. Immunol Lett 2016; 176:97-104. [PMID: 27288995 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by impaired B-cell differentiation and maturation accompanied with the defective antibody production. Several investigators addressed the possibility that disturbed cytokine production of TNF, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-10, among a variety of others, may be implicated in CVID. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms involving TNF (-308G/A), IFNG (+874 T/A), IL10 (-1082G/A, -819T/C and -592A/C), and IL6 (-174G/C) cytokine genes might contribute to susceptibility to CVID. Thirty five patients with CVID and 250 healthy controls were genotyped for indicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in TNF, IL6, IFNG and IL10 using Taqman-based assays. CVID patients had significantly higher frequency of TNF A allele and AA genotype than in healthy subjects (p=0.006; OR=2.27; 95%CI=1.24-4.17 and p=0.038, OR=15.64; 95%CI=1.38-177.20, respectively). In addition, the frequency of GG genotype was significantly higher in healthy controls than in patient group (p=0.019, OR=0.43, 95%CI=0.21-0.89). Genetic analysis of IL6 SNP showed that allele G confers increased risk for CVID (p=0.037, OR=1.78, 95% CI=1.03-3.08) while IFNG allele T was associated with splenomegaly in CVID (p=0.032; OR=2.86; 95% CI=1.08-7.56). We observed no association between genotypes, alleles and haplotypes of IL-10 gene and CVID or its clinical complications. In conclusion, our results indicated association between CVID and cytokine gene polymorphisms -308G/A TNF and -174G/C IL6. In addition, we demonstrated that splenomegaly, one of the most common complications in this disease, is associated with +874T/A IFNG polymorphism. These findings add further support to the notion that cytokines may play significant role in pathogenesis of this primary antibody deficiency. However, further investigation that would involve a larger study group of CVID patients is warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dijana Perovic
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Vladimir Perovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vera Pravica
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine University of Belgrade, Pasterova 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Bonaci-Nikolic
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Clinic of Allergy and Immunology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovica 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radovan Mijanovic
- Clinic of Allergy and Immunology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Koste Todorovica 2, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vera Bunjevacki
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Wong GK, Huissoon AP. T-cell abnormalities in common variable immunodeficiency: the hidden defect. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:672-6. [PMID: 27153873 PMCID: PMC4975840 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review discusses how the T-cell compartment in common variable immunodeficiency is marked by the premature arrest in thymic output, leading to T-cell exhaustion and immune dysregulation. Although B cells have been the main focus of the disorder, ample experimental data suggest that T-cell abnormalities can be seen in a large proportion of Freiburg Group 1a patients and those suffering from inflammatory complications. The reductions in T-cell receptor excision circles, naïve T cells, invariant NKT cells and regulatory T cells suggest a diminished thymic output, while CD8 T cells are driven towards exhaustion either via an antigen-dependent or an antigen-independent manner. The theoretical risk of anti-T-cell therapies is discussed, highlighting the need for an international effort in generating longitudinal data in addition to better-defined underlying molecular characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel K Wong
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK West Midlands Primary Immunodeficiency Centre, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aarnoud P Huissoon
- MRC Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK West Midlands Primary Immunodeficiency Centre, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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31
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Berrón-Ruiz L, López-Herrera G, Vargas-Hernández A, Santos-Argumedo L, López-Macías C, Isibasi A, Segura-Méndez NH, Bonifaz L. Impaired selective cytokine production by CD4+ T cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency associated with the absence of memory B cells. Clin Immunol 2016; 166-167:19-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Carrabba M, Barcellini W, Fabio G. Use of Thrombopoietin-Receptor Agonist in CVID-Associated Immune Thrombocytopenia. J Clin Immunol 2016; 36:434-6. [PMID: 27072856 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-016-0282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carrabba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Padiglione Granelli, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy
| | - Wilma Barcellini
- UOC Oncoematologia, UOS Fisiopatologia delle Anemie, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Fabio
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Padiglione Granelli, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Moroti RV, Gheorghita V, Al-Hatmi AMS, de Hoog GS, Meis JF, Netea MG. Fusarium ramigenum, a novel human opportunist in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency and cellular immune defects: case report. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:79. [PMID: 26877197 PMCID: PMC4753665 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fusarium species are ubiquitous environmental fungi that occasionally provoke serious invasive infections in immunocompromised hosts. Among Fusarium species, Fusarium ramigenum, belonging to the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex, has thus far never been found to cause human infections. Here we describe the first case of invasive fusariosis caused by Fusarium ramigenum in a human and also identify immunological deficiencies that most likely contributed to invasiveness. Case presentation A 32-year-old Caucasian male with a seemingly insignificant medical history of mild respiratory illness during the preceding two years, developed invasive pulmonary fusariosis. Detailed immunological assessment revealed the presence of common variable immunodeficiency, complicated by a severe impairment of the capacity of T-cells to produce both gamma-interferon and interleukin-17. In-depth microbiological assessment identified the novel human opportunistic pathogen Fusarium ramigenum as cause of the infection. Conclusion This report demonstrated that an opportunistic invasive fungal infection may indicate an underlying cellular immune impairment of the host. The unexpected invasive infection with Fusarium ramigenum in this case unmasked a complex combined humoral and cellular immunological deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxandra V Moroti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof.Dr.Matei Bals", Bucharest, Romania. .,Carol Davila, University of Medicine and Pharmacology, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Valeriu Gheorghita
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases "Prof.Dr.Matei Bals", Bucharest, Romania. .,Carol Davila, Central Emergency University, Military Hospital, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Directorate General of Health Services, Ibri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Muscat, Oman.
| | - G Sybren de Hoog
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Atteintes respiratoires au cours du déficit immunitaire commun variable de l’adulte. Rev Mal Respir 2015; 32:991-1001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Expansion of inflammatory innate lymphoid cells in patients with common variable immune deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 137:1206-1215.e6. [PMID: 26542033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is an antibody deficiency treated with immunoglobulin; however, patients can have noninfectious inflammatory conditions that lead to heightened morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVES Modular analyses of RNA transcripts in whole blood previously identified an upregulation of many interferon-responsive genes. In this study we sought the cell populations leading to this signature. METHODS Lymphoid cells were measured in peripheral blood of 55 patients with CVID (31 with and 24 without inflammatory/autoimmune complications) by using mass cytometry and flow cytometry. Surface markers, cytokines, and transcriptional characteristics of sorted innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) were defined by using quantitative PCR. Gastrointestinal and lung biopsy specimens of subjects with inflammatory disease were stained to seek ILCs in tissues. RESULTS The linage-negative, CD127(+), CD161(+) lymphoid population containing T-box transcription factor, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR) γt, IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-22, all hallmarks of type 3 innate lymphoid cells, were expanded in the blood of patients with CVID with inflammatory conditions (mean, 3.7% of PBMCs). ILCs contained detectable amounts of the transcription factors inhibitor of DNA binding 2, T-box transcription factor, and RORγt and increased mRNA transcripts for IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) and IL-26, demonstrating inflammatory potential. In gastrointestinal and lung biopsy tissues of patients with CVID, numerous IFN-γ(+)RORγt(+)CD3(-) cells were identified, suggesting a role in these mucosal inflammatory states. CONCLUSIONS An expansion of this highly inflammatory ILC population is a characteristic of patients with CVID with inflammatory disease; ILCs and the interferon signature are markers for the uncontrolled inflammatory state in these patients.
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Vlkova M, Ticha O, Nechvatalova J, Kalina T, Litzman J, Mauri C, Blair PA. Regulatory B cells in CVID patients fail to suppress multifunctional IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD4+ T cells differentiation. Clin Immunol 2015; 160:292-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Ucar R, Arslan S, Turkmen K, Calıskaner AZ. Accelerated atherosclerosis in patients with common variable immunodeficiency: Is it overlooked or absent? Med Hypotheses 2015; 85:485-7. [PMID: 26182977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous primary deficiency characterized by hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections, and an increased risk of autoimmune disease and malignancy, and so chronic inflammation. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the general population. Recent studies have suggested that chronic inflammation is an important player in the pathogenesis of CVID. Accelerated atherosclerosis due to ongoing inflammation from recurrent infections and autoimmunity is an expected clinical entity in patients with CVID. However, cardiovascular mortality as a cause of death in CVID series is either absent or minor. We hypothesized that accelerated atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease are overlooked by clinicians, or atherosclerosis is really lower than that in the general population that may be prevented by some factors such as life-long immunoglobulin replacement treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Ucar
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Sevket Arslan
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Konya, Turkey
| | - Kultigin Turkmen
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Zafer Calıskaner
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Konya, Turkey
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Paquin-Proulx D, Sandberg JK. Persistent Immune Activation in CVID and the Role of IVIg in Its Suppression. Front Immunol 2014; 5:637. [PMID: 25566250 PMCID: PMC4267274 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is one of the most common and clinically important primary immune deficiencies. CVID patients have poor humoral immunity, resulting in recurrent infections of the gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tracts, as well as increased incidence of some forms of cancers and autoimmune diseases. The treatment for CVID is IgG replacement, often given as intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). IVIg consists of monomeric IgG purified from pooled plasma from healthy donors and is used to treat an increasing number of conditions including autoimmune diseases. In the case of CVID, IVIg has mainly been seen as reconstitution therapy, providing patients with pathogen-specific antibodies. Recent evidence shows that IVIg has diverse effects on the immune system of CVID patients, and one important component is that IVIg alleviates the state of chronic immune activation. In this review, we will discuss causes and consequences of persistent immune activation in CVID, possible underlying mechanisms for how IVIg treatment reduces immune activation, and implications for our understanding of primary as well as acquired immune deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
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Tonin PT, Valvassori SS, Lopes-Borges J, Mariot E, Varela RB, Teixeira AL, Quevedo J. Effects of ouabain on cytokine/chemokine levels in an animal model of mania. J Neuroimmunol 2014; 276:236-9. [PMID: 25288301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and severe psychiatric disorder and despite its importance, little is known about the precise pathophysiology of this disorder. Several studies have reported that inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of BD and that cytokines are altered in these patients. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of ouabain (a potent Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase inhibitor) in rats resulted in manic-like effects and it has been widely used as an animal model of bipolar mania. In this study, we assessed the cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, CINC-1) in the brain structures (hippocampus, striatum, frontal cortex, amygdala), serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rats submitted to an animal model of mania induced by ouabain. Our findings demonstrated that ouabain induced hyperlocomotion in rats. However, the only cytokine that showed alteration was IL-6, which was decreased in the striatum after ouabain administration. In conclusion, despite the ouabain administration in rats be a valid model to study the physiopathology of bipolar mania, it seems that this model was not able to mimic the changes in cytokines observed in bipolar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula T Tonin
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Lopes-Borges
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Edemilson Mariot
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Roger B Varela
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio Lucio Teixeira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde (UNASAU), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Arango Duque G, Descoteaux A. Macrophage cytokines: involvement in immunity and infectious diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:491. [PMID: 25339958 PMCID: PMC4188125 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1330] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of macrophages has made them primordial for both development and immunity. Their functions range from the shaping of body plans to the ingestion and elimination of apoptotic cells and pathogens. Cytokines are small soluble proteins that confer instructions and mediate communication among immune and non-immune cells. A portfolio of cytokines is central to the role of macrophages as sentries of the innate immune system that mediate the transition from innate to adaptive immunity. In concert with other mediators, cytokines bias the fate of macrophages into a spectrum of inflammation-promoting "classically activated," to anti-inflammatory or "alternatively activated" macrophages. Deregulated cytokine secretion is implicated in several disease states ranging from chronic inflammation to allergy. Macrophages release cytokines via a series of beautifully orchestrated pathways that are spatiotemporally regulated. At the molecular level, these exocytic cytokine secretion pathways are coordinated by multi-protein complexes that guide cytokines from their point of synthesis to their ports of exit into the extracellular milieu. These trafficking proteins, many of which were discovered in yeast and commemorated in the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, coordinate the organelle fusion steps that are responsible for cytokine release. This review discusses the functions of cytokines secreted by macrophages, and summarizes what is known about their release mechanisms. This information will be used to delve into how selected pathogens subvert cytokine release for their own survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Arango Duque
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interactions, Laval, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Guillermo Arango Duque and Albert Descoteaux, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada e-mail: , ;
| | - Albert Descoteaux
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC, Canada
- Centre for Host-Parasite Interactions, Laval, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Guillermo Arango Duque and Albert Descoteaux, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique–Institut Armand-Frappier, 531 boul. des Prairies, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada e-mail: , ;
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