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Bergdolt J, Hubert S, Schreiter J, Jenderny S, Beblo T, Driessen M, Steinhart I, Dehn LB. Predictors of return to work in people with major depression: Results from a supported employment program in Germany. J Affect Disord 2024; 364:1-8. [PMID: 39029690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a common mental disorder and is associated with work disability. For the implementation of evidence-based interventions, such as Individual Placement and Support (IPS) for people with depression in Germany, the aim of this study was to investigate client variables that predict return to work. METHODS The sample consisted of 129 participants, initially treated in a psychiatric hospital due to major depression, who participated in IPS as part of a German clinical trial. Baseline demographic (age, sex, education, sickness absence days, employment status), psychiatric (symptom severity, comorbidity, general physical and mental health, disability), and neuropsychological (self-rated deficits, test performance) variables were included. Return to work within one year was predicted using separate and overall binary logistic regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 70 participants (56 %) returned to work within the one-year follow-up period. >100 days of sick leave in the year prior to study entry (vs. <100 days) and higher self-rated cognitive deficits were significantly associated with reduced odds of return to work within one year of IPS. LIMITATIONS The sample consisted of participants with a relatively good work history who were assigned to IPS by the treatment team, thus, the generalizability of the results is limited. CONCLUSIONS People with depression who participate in IPS interventions might benefit from specifically targeting perceived cognitive deficits. Factors associated with prolonged sick leave due to depression and their role in return to work with IPS need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Bergdolt
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Stella Hubert
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Julia Schreiter
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V., Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sarah Jenderny
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V., Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Beblo
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Martin Driessen
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Ingmar Steinhart
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V., Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Lorenz B Dehn
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel gGmbH, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Remterweg 69-71, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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Bale R, Doshi G. Deciphering the role of siRNA in anxiety and depression. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 981:176868. [PMID: 39128805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety and depression are central nervous system illnesses that are among the most prevalent medical concerns of the twenty-first century. Patients with this condition and their families bear psychological, financial, and societal hardship. There are currently restrictions when utilizing the conventional course of treatment. RNA interference is expected to become an essential approach in anxiety and depression due to its potent and targeted gene silencing. Silencing of genes by post-transcriptional modification is the mechanism of action of small interfering RNA (siRNA). The suppression of genes linked to disease is typically accomplished by siRNA molecules in an efficient and targeted manner. Unfavourable immune responses, off-target effects, naked siRNA instability, nuclease vulnerability, and the requirement to create an appropriate delivery method are some of the challenges facing the clinical application of siRNA. This review focuses on the use of siRNA in the treatment of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari Bale
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle (w), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Cillekens B, Mollet JM, Smit RA, Kuijer PPFM, Coenen P. 'Wait…, let me tell you, if I worked for a boss, I would be on sick leave': A Qualitative Study of Self-Employed Workers in Physically Demanding Jobs in the Netherlands. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024; 34:644-656. [PMID: 38032487 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of self-employed workers with a physically demanding job on work participation. METHODS We interviewed self-employed workers with a physically demanding job, using semi-structured interviews, which were audio recorded. The main topic addressed was the workers' health in relation with their work participation, work demands, and preventive measures. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded by three team members of the research team in several steps. We used the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist to report our findings. RESULTS We interviewed 18 self-employed workers: 83% male, 49 years (SD 7), self-employed for 18 years (SD 9) and the majority (n = 14) worked in the construction sector. Thematic analysis revealed facilitators and barriers for work participation across three main themes: personal factors, work factors, and healthcare. Personal factors compassed sub-themes such as health and financial consequences. Work factors included sub-themes related to work demands and adaptations and healthcare encompassed sub-themes associated with work-related care and medication. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study that investigated the perspectives of self-employed workers in physically demanding jobs regarding work participation. While most facilitators and barriers were consistent with those described in the literature for employees, certain factors, such as financial consequences of ceasing work, emerged important factors for work participation among self-employed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Cillekens
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation and Health, Quality of Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith M Mollet
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation and Health, Quality of Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rixt A Smit
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Paul F M Kuijer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation and Health, Quality of Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Sports, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Coenen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation and Health, Quality of Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Musculoskeletal Health, Sports, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Chau K, Chau N. Untreated Allergy Among Middle School Students: Associations with Socioeconomic Adversities and Academic, Behavior, and Health Difficulties. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:717-726. [PMID: 38423524 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many adolescents with allergy do not receive physician treatment (allergyuntreated). We explored its association with socioeconomic adversities and academic-behavior-health difficulties, which remain unaddressed. METHODS This cross-sectional school-based-population study compared the above factors of middle-school adolescents with allergyuntreated and those with treated allergy (allergytreated) (mean age = 13.5 ± 1.2) from north-eastern France. Participants completed a questionnaire collecting socioeconomic adversities (nonintact family, low parents' education, insufficient family income, poor social support, suffered verbal/physical violence, and sexual abuse), low academic performance, excessive screen time, substance use, sleep difficulty, poor physical health, depressive symptoms, suicide attempt, poor quality of life, and allergytreated/allergyuntreated. RESULTS Logistic regression models showed that allergyuntreated was associated with all the factors considered (sex-age-class-level-adjusted odds ratio (saclOR) reaching 3.94, p < .001) and the risk score (number of main criteria: suffered sexual abuse, excessive screen time, poor quality of life, cannabis use, low parents' education, and poor social support): saclOR 4.75, 9.23, 15.64, and 31.73 (p < .001) for risk scores 1, 2, 3, and ≥4, versus risk score = 0 (pseudo-R2 = 11.1%). CONCLUSIONS Socioeconomic adversities and academic-behavior-health difficulties may be used to detect adolescents with allergyuntreated for care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- University of Lorraine, Department of General Medicine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unit 1018, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, F-75679 Paris, France
- Paris Sud University, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Hagendijk ME, Zipfel N, Melles M, van der Wees PJ, Hulshof CTJ, Zwaan E, van der Burg-Vermeulen SJ, Hoving JL. Patients' Needs Regarding Work-Focused Healthcare: A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024:10.1007/s10926-024-10225-8. [PMID: 39052178 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-024-10225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify, appraise, and synthesize qualitative research evidence exploring patients' needs regarding work-focused healthcare. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement guidelines to identify studies reporting patients' needs regarding work-focused healthcare. Four databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsychInfo and Web of Science) were systematically searched from January 2000 until May 2023 and screened in duplicate by pairs of two reviewers. Inclusion criteria were qualitative data collection method, and patients' perspectives regarding healthcare focusing on work when experiencing work-related problems due to chronic medical conditions. Data extraction and synthesis was executed by means of an inductive thematic analysis approach. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the CASP Qualitative Study checklist. Confidence in the review findings was assessed through the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (CERQual) approach. RESULTS Out of 23,677 records, 97 qualitative studies were included. Needs regarding four main themes were identified: (1) Substantive guidance, which comprises the specific content of work-focused healthcare; (2) Clear and continuous process, which comprises clarification and optimization of the work-focused healthcare process; (3) Supportive attitude and behavior, which comprises a positive and supportive attitude and behavior from professionals towards the patients; and (4) Tailored approach, which comprises the delivery of tailored care to the individuals' needs. 17 subthemes were identified. CONCLUSION The broader insight in patients' needs in work-focused healthcare can help (occupational) healthcare professionals adopt a more patient-centred approach in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marije E Hagendijk
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nina Zipfel
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke Melles
- Faculty of Industrial Design Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Philip J van der Wees
- Scientific Institute for Quality of Healthcare (IQ Healthcare), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carel T J Hulshof
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elmi Zwaan
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia J van der Burg-Vermeulen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan L Hoving
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch Research Center for Insurance Medicine, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Villotti P, Kordsmeyer AC, Roy JS, Corbière M, Negrini A, Larivière C. Systematic review and tools appraisal of prognostic factors of return to work in workers on sick leave due to musculoskeletal and common mental disorders. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307284. [PMID: 39018306 PMCID: PMC11253986 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
With the overall objective of providing implication for clinical and research practices regarding the identification and measurement of modifiable predicting factors for return to work (RTW) in people with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and common mental disorders (CMDs), this study 1) systematically examined and synthetized the research evidence available in the literature on the topic, and 2) critically evaluated the tools used to measure each identified factor. A systematic search of prognostic studies was conducted, considering four groups of keywords: 1) population (i.e., MSDs or CMDs), 2) study design (prospective), 3) modifiable factors, 4) outcomes of interest (i.e., RTW). Studies showing high risk of bias were eliminated. Tools used to measure prognostic factors were assessed using psychometric and usability criteria. From the 78 studies that met inclusion criteria, 19 (for MSDs) and 5 (for CMDs) factors reaching moderate or strong evidence were extracted. These factors included work accommodations, RTW expectations, job demands (physical), job demands (psychological), job strain, work ability, RTW self-efficacy, expectations of recovery, locus of control, referred pain (back pain), activities as assessed with disability questionnaires, pain catastrophizing, coping strategies, fears, illness behaviours, mental vitality, a positive health change, sleep quality, and participation. Measurement tools ranged from single-item tools to multi-item standardized questionnaires or subscales. The former generally showed low psychometric properties but excellent usability, whereas the later showed good to excellent psychometric properties and variable usability. The rigorous approach to the selection of eligible studies allowed the identification of a relatively small set of prognostic factors, but with a higher level of certainty. For each factor, the present tool assessment allows an informed choice to balance psychometric and usability criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Villotti
- Department of Education and Pedagogy–Career Counseling, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Ann-Christin Kordsmeyer
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Sébastien Roy
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec, Rehabilitation Institute, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Marc Corbière
- Department of Education and Pedagogy–Career Counseling, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Alessia Negrini
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Canada
| | - Christian Larivière
- Institut de recherche Robert-Sauvé en santé et en sécurité du travail, Montréal, Canada
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Gartmann J, Egen C, Sturm C, Bökel A. [Personal and Environmental Contextual Factors in Socio-Medical Orthopedic Evaluation Reports]. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2024; 86:523-530. [PMID: 39013371 DOI: 10.1055/a-2308-7319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The personal and environmental contextual factors of the ICF describe not only physical and mental health but also (occupational) participation. So far, the extent to which these contextual factors are taken into account in the socio-medical evaluation has not been clarified. Contextual factors can guide allocation to disability pension or rehabilitative interventions in an individualized and targeted manner. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of ICF contextual factors in socio-medical evaluation. METHODOLOGY A frequency analysis of contextual factors in socio-medical reports for musculoskeletal disorders was performed. Contextual factors mentioned several times were coded once in the report. In the frequency ranking, each environmental and personal factor was categorized as "frequent," "moderate," and "rare." RESULTS 215 socio-medical reports with musculoskeletal diagnoses starting from 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. All socio medical reports were analyzed for the occurence of personal contextual and environmental factors. In particular, personal factors were identified, which provide information about general personal characteristics or the general state of health. Almost half of the environmental factors were rarely identified. CONCLUSION Many ICF contextual factors are constantly recorded in the analyzed reports. The important influence of these factors on return to work is well known. Thus, the absence or low presence of the ICF contextual factors from the chapters Attitudes (i4), Basic Skills (i4) and Support & Relationships (e3), which are also contextual to the assessed person's experience of the world of work, was surprising. The relevance of the frequently and rarely identified contextual factors for the socio-medical evaluation of musculoskeletal disability pension applicants must be questioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Gartmann
- Klinik für Rehabilitations- und Sportmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christoph Egen
- Klinik für Rehabilitations- und Sportmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Sturm
- Klinik für Rehabilitations- und Sportmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Bökel
- Klinik für Rehabilitations- und Sportmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Matsumoto Y, Sakurai H, Aoki Y, Takaesu Y, Okajima I, Tachimori H, Murao M, Maruki T, Tsuboi T, Watanabe K. Assessing the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report scores to predict continuous employment in mood disorder patients. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1321611. [PMID: 38694002 PMCID: PMC11062021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1321611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression significantly impacts the job performance and attendance of workers, leading to increased absenteeism. Predicting occupational engagement for individuals with depression is of paramount importance. This study aims to determine the cut-off score which predicts continuous employment for patients with mood disorders using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report (QIDS-SR). Methods In a prospective observational trial conducted in Tokyo, 111 outpatients diagnosed with either major depressive disorder or bipolar depression were enrolled. Their employment statuses of these participants were tracked over a six-month period after their QIDS-SR scores were recorded. Based on their employment trajectories, participants were categorized into either continuous or non-continuous employment groups. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between the QIDS-SR scores and employment outcomes, with adjustments for age, gender, and psychiatric diagnoses. Receiver operating characteristic curves were utilized to identify the optimal QIDS-SR cut-off values for predicting continuous employment. Findings Binary logistic regression demonstrated that a lower score on the QIDS-SR was linked to an elevated likelihood of continuous employment (adjusted odds ratio 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.26, p=0.001). The optimal cut-off point, determined by the Youden Index, was 10/11, showcasing a 63% sensitivity and 71% specificity. Conclusion The results emphasize the potential of the QIDS-SR as a prognostic instrument for predicting employment outcomes among individuals with depressive disorders. These findings further underscore the importance of managing depressive symptoms to mild or lower intensities to ensure ongoing employment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sakurai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Aoki
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Graduate School of Nursing Science, St. Luke’s International University, Okinawa, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Takaesu
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Isa Okajima
- Department of Psychological Counseling, Faculty of Humanities, Tokyo Kasei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisateru Tachimori
- Endowed Course for Health System Innovation, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masami Murao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Maruki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Watanabe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Conway PM, Burr H, Kersten N, Rose U. Work Ability and Work Nonparticipation: A Prospective Study of 2426 Participants in Germany. J Occup Environ Med 2024; 66:273-279. [PMID: 38151990 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000003032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to examine the association between work ability and work nonparticipation, including long-term sickness absence (LTSA), unemployment (UE), and disability pension/early retirement (ER). METHODS We conducted a questionnaire-based 5-year follow-up study on a representative sample of the German working population (n = 2426). We used a two-part model to examine the association of continuous Work Ability Index (WAI) scores with the probability of events of work nonparticipation and the duration thereof. RESULTS Higher WAI scores were protective against total work nonparticipation (an index combining the three indicators), LTSA, ER and UE, the latter among males only. Higher WAI scores were protective also against duration of total work nonparticipation and LTSA, but not against duration of UE and ER among males and duration of UE among females. CONCLUSIONS Higher WAI scores have a protective role against work nonparticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Maurice Conway
- From the Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.M.C.); and Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Berlin, Germany (H.B., N.K., U.R.)
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Van Eerd D, Le Pouésard M, Yanar B, Irvin E, Gignac MAM, Jetha A, Morose T, Tompa E. Return-to-Work Experiences in Ontario Policing: Injured But Not Broken. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024; 34:265-277. [PMID: 37735312 PMCID: PMC10899295 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Police officers and others working in police services are exposed to challenging and traumatic situations that can result in physical and/or psychological injuries requiring time off work. Safely returning to work post-injury is critical, yet little is known about current return-to-work (RTW) practices in police services. This study examines RTW practices and experiences in police services from the perspective of RTW personnel and workers with physical and/or psychological health conditions. METHODS We used a purposive sampling approach to recruit sworn and civilian members from several police services in Ontario, Canada. The recruited members had experienced RTW either as a person in a RTW support role or as a worker with a work-related injury/illness. We conducted and transcribed interviews for analysis and used qualitative research methods to identify themes in the data. RESULTS Five overarching themes emerged. Two pointed to the context and culture of police services and included matters related to RTW processes, injury/illness complexity, the hierarchical nature of police organizations, and a culture of stoicism and stigma. The remaining three themes pointed to the RTW processes of accommodation, communication and trust-building. They included issues related to recovery from injury/illness, meaningful accommodation, timely and clear communication, malingering and trust. CONCLUSIONS Our findings point to potential areas for improving RTW practices in police services: greater flexibility, more clarity, stricter confidentiality and reduced stigma. More research is needed on RTW practices for managing psychological injuries to help inform policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Van Eerd
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada.
| | - M Le Pouésard
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada
| | - B Yanar
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - E Irvin
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada
| | - M A M Gignac
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - A Jetha
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada
| | - T Morose
- Public Services Health and Safety Association, 4950 Yonge St, North York, ON, M2N 6K1, Canada
| | - E Tompa
- Institute for Work & Health, 400 University Ave, Toronto, ON, M5S 1S9, Canada
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Rose U, Kersten N, Pattloch D, Conway PM, Burr H. Associations between depressive symptoms and 5-year subsequent work nonparticipation due to long-term sickness absence, unemployment and early retirement in a cohort of 2,413 employees in Germany. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2159. [PMID: 37924018 PMCID: PMC10625302 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the association of depressive symptoms with subsequent events - and duration thereof - of work nonparticipation (long-term sickness absence, unemployment and early retirement). METHODS We employed a 5-year cohort from the Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA), based on a random sample of employees subject to social contributions aged 31-60 years in 2012 (N = 2413). Depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline through questionnaires, while work nonparticipation was recorded in follow-up interviews. Associations of depressive symptoms with subsequent events of work nonparticipation were examined in two-part models, with events analysed by logistic regressions and their duration by generalized linear models. RESULTS Medium to severe depressive symptoms were associated with events of work nonparticipation (males Odds Ratio [OR] = 3.22; 95% CI = 1.90-5.45; females OR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.29-2.87), especially with events of long-term sickness absence in both genders and events of unemployment in males. Mild depressive symptoms were also associated with events of work nonparticipation (males OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.19-2.11; females OR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.10-1.84). Among those experiencing one or more events, the duration of total work nonparticipation was twice as high among males [Exp(β) = 2.06; 95% CI = 1.53-2.78] and about one third higher [Exp(β) = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.05-1.83] among females with medium to severe depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The present study focuses on both events and duration of work nonparticipation, which are both critical for examining societal consequences of depressive symptoms. It is key to regard also mild depressive symptoms as a possible risk factor and to include different types of work nonparticipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rose
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40/42, D-10317, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Norbert Kersten
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40/42, D-10317, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Pattloch
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40/42, D-10317, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Maurice Conway
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, København, 1353, Denmark
| | - Hermann Burr
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA), Nöldnerstr. 40/42, D-10317, Berlin, Germany
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Melo BF, Santos KOB, Fernandes RDCP, de Lima VMC, Stock S. Mental disorders in judicial workers: analysis of sickness absence in a cohort study. Rev Saude Publica 2023; 57:72. [PMID: 37878858 PMCID: PMC10547382 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2023057004737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze risk factors for sickness absence due to mental disorders among judicial workers in Bahia, Brazil. METHODS Retrospective cohort with follow-up from 2011 to 2016 with 2,660 workers of a judicial sector in Bahia, Brazil. The main outcome measures were survival curves estimated for the independent variables using the Kaplan-Meier product limit estimator and risk factors for the first episode of sickness absence calculated based on the Cox regression model. RESULTS The survival estimate of the population of this study for the event was 0.90 and from the Cox model the risk factors for the first episode of sickness absence due to mental disorders were: female (HR = 1.81), occupation of magistrate (HR = 1.80), and age over 30 years old (HR = 1.84). In addition, the risk for new cases of sickness absence among women reached 4.0 times the risk for men, in 2015. The estimated relative risks of sickness absence and the observed survival reduction behavior over time add information to the literature on sociodemographic and occupational factors associated with sickness absence due to mental disorders in the public sector. CONCLUSION These results highlight the need for further research to more precisely identify vulnerable groups at risk of preventable mental health-related sickness absence in the workplace, better identify the workplace organizational factors that contribute to these disorders as well as studies on the effectiveness of workplace interventions to improve mental health among judicial and other public sectors workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ferreira Melo
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Kionna Oliveira Bernardes Santos
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Rita de Cássia Pereira Fernandes
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Verônica Maria Cadena de Lima
- Universidade Federal da BahiaFaculdade de Medicina da BahiaSalvadorBABrasil Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia. Salvador, BA, Brasil
| | - Susan Stock
- University of MontrealDepartment of Social & Preventive MedicineMontréalQCCanada University of Montreal. Department of Social & Preventive Medicine. Montréal, QC, Canada
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13
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van Veen M, Schelvis RM, Hoekstra T, Bongers PM, Boot CR, Oude Hengel KM. Work characteristics and emotional exhaustion among young workers: a latent class analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e074386. [PMID: 37852771 PMCID: PMC10603524 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the heterogeneity of psychosocial working conditions of young workers by identifying subgroups of work characteristic configurations within young workers and to assess these subgroups' associations with emotional exhaustion. DESIGN Latent class analysis. Groups were formed based on 12 work characteristics (8 job demands and 4 job resources), educational level and sex. Differences in emotional exhaustion between subgroups were analysed using analysis of variance and post hoc comparisons. SETTING Data from the 2019 wave of the Netherlands Working Conditions Survey. PARTICIPANTS 7301 individuals between the age of 18 and 30 years, who worked more than 16 hours per week. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Emotional exhaustion. RESULTS Five subgroups of work characteristics could be identified and were labelled as: (1) 'low-complexity work' (24.4%), (2) 'office work' (32.3%), (3) 'manual and non-interpersonal work' (12.4%), (4) 'non-manual and interpersonal work' (21.0%), and (5) 'manual and interpersonal work' (9.9%). Mean scores for emotional exhaustion in the two interpersonal work groups (M=3.11, SD=1.4; M=3.45, SD=1.6) were significantly higher than in the first three groups (M=2.05, SD=1.1; M=1.98, SD=1.0; M=2.05, SD=1.1) (all 95% CIs excluding 0). Further, mean scores for emotional exhaustion were significantly higher in the 'manual and interpersonal work' group than in the 'non-manual and interpersonal work' group (95% CI 0.24, 0.45). All results could be replicated in the 2017 and 2021 waves of the Netherlands Working Conditions Survey. CONCLUSIONS Young workers reported heterogeneous work characteristic configurations with substantial differences in degrees of emotional exhaustion between the identified subgroups. Preventing emotional exhaustion should focus on the two interpersonal work subgroups, which showed a high degree of emotional exhaustion. In prevention efforts, these groups' configurations of work characteristics should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte van Veen
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Unit Healthy Living & Work, TNO Location Leiden Sylviusweg, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roosmarijn Mc Schelvis
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trynke Hoekstra
- Department of Health Sciences and Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Faculty of Science, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paulien M Bongers
- Unit Healthy Living & Work, TNO Location Leiden Sylviusweg, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cécile Rl Boot
- Amsterdam Public Health, Societal Participation & Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karen M Oude Hengel
- Unit Healthy Living & Work, TNO Location Leiden Sylviusweg, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Chau N, Perrin P, Gauchard G, Bhattacherjee A, Senapati A, Belbraouet S, Guillemin F, Falissard B, Chau K. Associations between School-Behavior-Health Difficulties and Subsequent Injuries among Younger Adolescents: A Population-based Study. Psychiatry 2023; 86:344-363. [PMID: 37522706 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2238571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: School-behavior-health difficulties (SBHDs) may alter physical/mental capabilities and consequently increase injury risk during daily activities. This study assessed the associations of potential SBHDs and their cumulative number (SBHDcn) with various injury types among younger adolescents. Methods: The study population included 1,559 middle-school adolescents in France (10-18 years, 98% under 16,778 boys and 781 girls). They completed a questionnaire at school-year end collecting socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' education/occupation/income), school/out-of-school injuries during the school-year (dependent variables), and SBHDs starting before the school-year (low academic performance, alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other-illicit-drugs use, physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, poor general health status, sleep difficulty, depressive symptoms, and suicide attempt). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results: Injuries were frequent during school-physical/sports-training (10.9%), other-school-training (4.7%), school-free-time (7.4%), out-of-school-sports-activity (16.5%), and traffic (2.2%). Single injury (one injury all injury types combined) and ≥2 injury types affected 23.3 and 7.9% of subjects, respectively. The proportion of adolescents without SBHDs decreased with age more quickly among those with each injury type than among those without injury. Various SBHDs were associated with most injury types, single injury, and ≥2 injury types (sex-age-adjusted odds/relative-risk ratios reaching 11, p < .001). A dose-effect association was found between SBHDcn 1-2/3-5/≥6 and both single injury and ≥2 injury types (sex-age adjusted relative risk ratios reaching 12.66, p < .001, vs. SBHDcn = 0). Socioeconomic features had a moderate confounding role in these associations. Conclusions: SBHDs strongly predict injuries among adolescents. Our findings may inform healthcare providers about their prominent role in detecting/reducing SBHDs and injuries.
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15
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van Ommen F, Coenen P, Malekzadeh A, de Boer AGEM, Greidanus MA, Duijts SFA. Interventions for work participation of unemployed or work-disabled cancer survivors: a systematic review. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:753-764. [PMID: 37010899 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2187261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Supporting unemployed or work-disabled cancer survivors in their work participation can have extensive individual and societal benefits. We aimed to identify and summarise interventions for work participation of unemployed or work-disabled cancer survivors.Methods: Five databases (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library) were systematically searched for quantitative studies on interventions aimed at enhancing work participation of unemployed or work-disabled cancer survivors. Work participation refers to participation in the workforce, fulfilling one's work role. Manual and automatic screening (with ASReview software) were performed on titles and abstracts, followed by manual full-text screening. Data were extracted regarding study, patient and intervention characteristics, and work participation outcomes. Risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using the Cochrane RoB2 and QUIPS tools.Results: We identified 10,771 articles, of which we included two randomised controlled trials (RCTs), of which one feasibility RCT, and three cohort studies. In total, 1862 cancer survivors were included, with predominantly breast cancer. Work participation was mainly measured as time to return to work (RTW) and RTW rate. Interventions included components of coaching (e.g., psychological or rehabilitation), training (e.g., building confidence and managing fatigue) and self-management. Two RCTs with unclear RoB did not show an effect of multicomponent interventions compared to care as usual. One cohort study found a significant effect of a psycho-educational intervention on RTW rates, with moderate RoB. The other two cohort studies, with moderate RoB, reported significant associations between components including job search and placement assistance, and work participation.Discussion: Only few interventions aimed at enhancing work participation of unemployed or work-disabled cancer survivors, have been evaluated. In two cohort studies, promising components for future multicomponent interventions were identified. However, findings suggest that more evidence is necessary on such multicomponent interventions, in which elements explicitly directed at work and including the workplace should be included.
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Affiliation(s)
- F van Ommen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - P Coenen
- Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Musculoskeletal Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A Malekzadeh
- Medical Library, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - A G E M de Boer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M A Greidanus
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S F A Duijts
- Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Cancer Treatment and Quality of life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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16
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Chau K, Gauchard G, Belbraouet S, Perrin P, Chau N. Association of School Health Relationship Difficulties with Lack of Regular Physical Activity in Younger Adolescents: A Population Based Study. Psychiatry 2023; 86:229-248. [PMID: 37348079 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2222639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Lack of regular physical activity (LPA) and the number of days/week with physical activity >60 minutes/day (Ndw) may be associated with school-health-relational difficulties (SHRDs) during the life-course. This study assessed their associations and the confounding role of socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' education/occupation/income) among younger adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included 1,559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (10-18 years, 98% under 16 years, 778 boys and 781 girls). They completed over one-hour teaching period a questionnaire collecting last-12-month LPA and last-7-day Ndw (dependent variables), and risk factors including socioeconomic features, SHRDs (previous grade repetitions, last-12-month poor general health status/physical health/psychological health/social-relationships, depressive symptoms (and age at onset and duration from onset); cumulated number noted SHRDcn). Data were analyzed using logistic/linear regression models. Results: LPA was common (32.5%) and associated with all SHRDs (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio saOR reaching 1.99, p < .001) and depressive-symptoms duration (saOR 1.63 (p < .05) and 2.11 (p < .001) for 1-2 and ≥3 years, respectively, vs. no depressive symptoms). A dose-effect association was found between SHRDcn and LPA (24.0, 33.7, 45.6, and 53.5%; saOR 1.59, 2.58, and 3.43; for SHRDcn 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5 respectively, vs. SHRDcn = 0, p < .001). Ndw was similarly associated with all SHRDs and SHRDcn (sex-age-adjusted regression coefficient reaching -1.10 day/week, p < .001). These results were robust when controlling for socioeconomic features (18%
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17
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Chau K, Chau N. Association between untreated low back pain and injury proneness and confounding role of behavioral-health difficulties among younger adolescents: a population-based study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023:10.1007/s00586-023-07679-4. [PMID: 37103577 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low back pain (LPB) is mostly left untreated (LBPuntreated) and may increase the injury risk due to associated behavioral-health difficulties (BHDs) among adolescents. This study assessed the association between LBPuntreated (vs. treated LBP (LBPtreated)) and injuries and the mediating role of BHDs among younger adolescents (10-16 years). METHODS This population-based study compared 328 adolescents with LBPuntreated (mean age = 13.7 ± 1.3) with 291 with LBPtreated (mean age = 13.3 ± 1.2) from north-eastern France. They completed a questionnaire collecting, at school-year end, socioeconomic features, LBPtreated/LBPuntreated, BHDs (alcohol/tobacco use, excessive screen-time, poor social support, poor physical health, depressive symptoms, and pain limiting activities), and injuries during the current school-year. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models and Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS The proportion of subjects without alcohol/tobacco use or depressive symptoms decreased with time more quickly since age 10 among the adolescents with LBPuntreated than among those with LBPtreated. Hence, most LBP early started and the subjects with LBPuntreated had a higher risk of single injury (sex-age-class-level-socioeconomic-features-adjusted relative risk ratio RR = 1.63, p < 0.05, vs. LBPtreated) and a much higher risk of ≥ 2 injuries (RR = 2.60, p < 0.001). BHDs played a strong mediating role in the association between LBPuntreated and ≥ 2 injuries (contribution = 48%) but a modest mediating role in that between LBPuntreated and single injury (contribution = 10%) (pseudo R2 = 7.6%). CONCLUSION LBPuntreated is common and associated with injuries partly due to BHDs (which may alter physical/mental capabilities, risk perception/awareness, and vigilance) among younger adolescents. Our results may inform healthcare providers that they can detect/treat LBP and BHDs to prevent their aggravation and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Department of General Medicine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, University of Lorraine, 20199, 9, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), unit 1178, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, Maison de Solenn, 97, Boulevard de Port Royal, 75679, Paris Cedex 14, France.
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18
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Bjørkedal ST, Fisker J, Hellström LC, Hoff A, Poulsen RM, Hjorthøj C, Bojesen AB, Rosenberg NG, Eplov LF. Predictors of return to work for people on sick leave with depression, anxiety and stress: secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:715-734. [PMID: 36934162 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-01968-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Knowledge about predictors of return to work (RTW) in people on sick leave with common mental disorders (CMDs) may inform the development of effective vocational rehabilitation interventions for this target group. In this study, we investigated predictors of RTW at 6 and 12 months in people on sick leave with depression, anxiety disorders or stress-related disorders. METHODS We have performed a secondary analysis, utilizing data from two RCTs that evaluated the efficacy of an integrated health care and vocational rehabilitation intervention. Data were obtained from mental health assessments, questionnaires and registers. Using Cox regression analysis, the relationship between baseline variables and RTW was analysed at 6 and 12 months after randomization within the group of CMD as a whole and within the subgroups of depression, anxiety and stress-related disorders. RESULTS Symptom burden and employment status at baseline predicted RTW in the CMD group (n = 1245) and in the three diagnostic subgroups at both time points. RTW self-efficacy predicted RTW in the depression group but not in the anxiety or stress subgroups. CONCLUSION Many predictors of RTW were similar over time and, to some extent, across the CMD subgroups. Findings highlight the need not only to take health-related and psychological factors into account when developing vocational rehabilitation interventions but also to consider workplace strategies and options for support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv-Therese Bjørkedal
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.
| | - Jonas Fisker
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lone Christina Hellström
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Andreas Hoff
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Rie Mandrup Poulsen
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.,National Board of Social Services in Denmark, Edisonsvej 1, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anders Bo Bojesen
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Nicole Gremaud Rosenberg
- Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Falgaard Eplov
- Copenhagen Research Institute for Mental Health [CORE], Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15.4, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
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Minh A, McLeod CB, Reijneveld SA, Veldman K, van Zon SK, Bültmann U. The role of low educational attainment on the pathway from adolescent internalizing and externalizing problems to early adult labour market disconnection in the Dutch TRAILS cohort. SSM Popul Health 2023; 21:101300. [PMID: 36647514 PMCID: PMC9840178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental health challenges in adolescence may affect labour market transitions in young adulthood. Policies addressing early labour market disconnection largely focus on early school-leaving and educational attainment; however, the role of low educational attainment on the path from adolescent mental health to labour market disconnection is unclear. Using the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey from the Netherlands (n = 1,197), we examined the extent to which achieving a basic educational qualification (by age 22) in the contemporary Dutch education system, mediates the effect of adolescent mental health (age 11-19) on early adult labour market disconnection, defined as 'not in education, employment, or training' (NEET, age 26). We estimated the total effect, the natural direct and indirect effects, and the controlled direct effects of internalizing and externalizing symptoms on NEET by gender. Among young men, clinical levels of adolescent externalizing symptoms were associated with a 0.093 higher probability of NEET compared with no symptoms (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.001, 0.440). The indirect effect through educational attainment accounted for 15.1% of the total effect. No evidence of mediation was observed for the relationship between externalizing symptoms and NEET in young women. No evidence of mediation was observed for the relationship between adolescent internalizing symptoms and NEET in either gender. The findings imply that adolescent externalizing symptoms disrupts the achievement of a basic educational qualification, leading to a higher probability of NEET in young men. This mechanism may play a smaller role in the risk of NEET associated with internalizing symptoms and in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Minh
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christopher B. McLeod
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sijmen A. Reijneveld
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Karin Veldman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Sander K.R. van Zon
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ute Bültmann
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
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20
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Hellström L, Christensen TN, Bojesen AB, Eplov LF. Predictors of Return to Work for People with Anxiety or Depression Participating in a Randomized Trial Investigating the Effect of a Supported Employment Intervention. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:61-70. [PMID: 35612640 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Common mental disorders have a severe impact on society and individuals; rates of unemployment and disability pensions are high. Knowing which factors facilitate or hinder people's return to work is important when designing effective vocational rehabilitation interventions. Methods We conducted secondary analyses on data from 289 participants with depression or anxiety included in the Individual Placement and Support modified for people with mood and anxiety disorders (IPS-MA) trial. Associations of baseline characteristics and employment or education after 24 months were tested in univariate logistic regression analyses, variables with a p-value below 0.1 were included in multivariate analyses. Results In the univariate analyses, self-reported level of functioning (p = 0.032), higher age (p = 0.070), and higher level of readiness to change (p = 0.001) were associated with the outcome and included in the multivariate analysis. Only age (p = 0.030) and readiness to change (p = 0.003) remained significantly associated with return to work or education after 24 months in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Higher age and lower readiness to change were associated with a lower chance of having returned to work or education. Factors modifying the effect of higher age should be identified, just as vocational rehabilitation should focus on improving factors related to people's readiness to change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lone Hellström
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.
| | - Thomas Nordahl Christensen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anders Bo Bojesen
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
- Biostatistics (Insulin & Devices), Novo Nordisk A/S, Alfred Nobels Vej 27, 9220, Aalborg Øst, Denmark
| | - Lene Falgaard Eplov
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
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Text4Hope Effectiveness in Reducing Psychological Symptoms among Young Adults in Canada: Longitudinal and Naturalistic Controlled Program Evaluation. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12051942. [PMID: 36902729 PMCID: PMC10004259 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress, anxiety, and depression are psychological problems that can hurt young adults, interfering with their everyday function, academic achievement, and interpersonal relationships. This study aimed to assess the impact of Text4Hope, an online mental health service, on the psychological well-being of young adults. METHODS This study adopted both longitudinal and naturalistic controlled trial designs. It examined clinical outcomes in young adult (≤26 years old) subscribers of Text4Hope who completed surveys at baseline and six weeks and compared clinical parameters in two groups of subscribers. The first group comprised the intervention group (IG) (young adult subscribers who received once-daily supportive text messages for six weeks and completed sixth-week evaluation measures between 26 April and 12 July 2020), and the second group was the control group (CG) (young adult subscribers who joined Text4Hope in the same time frame and completed a baseline survey and were yet to receive any text messages). The prevalence of moderate to high stress, anxiety, and depression was measured at baseline and six weeks in the longitudinal study and between the two groups for the naturalistic controlled study using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Inferential statistics, including the t-test, McNemar test, chi-square, and binary logistic regression analyses, were used to evaluate the differences in the prevalence and severity of the psychological symptoms. RESULTS In the longitudinal study, of the 9214 subscribers to Text4Hope who completed the baseline survey, 1047 (11.4%) were identified as youth. For the young adult subscribers who completed both the baseline and sixth-week surveys (n = 114), a significant reduction in the prevalence of moderate to high stress (8%) and likely GAD (20%) from baseline to six weeks was reported. Similarly, there was a significant reduction in the mean scores on the PSS-10, GAD-7, and Composite Mental Health score but not the PHQ-9 from baseline to six weeks. The largest reduction in mean scores was for the GAD-7 scale (18.4%), with a small effect size overall. For the naturalistic study, the IG included 173 young adult subscribers of Text4Hope who completed the sixth-week survey compared to 92 subscribers in the CG who completed the baseline survey during the designated period. There was a significantly lower prevalence for likely Moderate Depressive Disorder (MDD) (25.2%) and suicidal thoughts/thoughts of self-harm (48.4%), with a small effect size in the IG compared to the CG. Similarly, lower mean scores were reported for all outcome variables in the IG compared to the CG, with a small to medium effect size. The receipt of daily supportive text messages for six weeks resulted in significantly lower odds of both likely GAD and experiencing thoughts of self-harm or death wish while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The Text4Hope service is an effective tool for mental health support for young adult subscribers. Young adults receiving the service exhibited a reduction in psychological symptoms, including thoughts of self-harm or death wish. This population-level intervention program can be used to effectively support young adult mental health and in suicide prevention programs.
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Moerland I, Vervaet N, Godderis L, Versée M, Du Bois M. Absenteeism at Two Occupational Health Services in Belgium from 2014 to 2021. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3660. [PMID: 36834356 PMCID: PMC9958659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Medical certification is often needed for absences of longer than one workday. The literature remains unclear as to whether this changes absenteeism. Earlier research found that the merging of two firms can augment or diminish short-term absenteeism. This study was conducted to examine whether prolonging self-certification or merging increases short-term absenteeism. Data from January 2014 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected from HR absenteeism files at two occupational health services in Belgium. Sickness periods of longer than 4 weeks were excluded. Company 1 started a merger in 2014, and company 2 prolonged of the self-certification period in 2018. The total full-time equivalents (FTEs) of company 1 increased by 6%, while company 2 had an increase of 28%. At company 1, there was a decline in absenteeism, while company 2 had an increase. The ARIMA (1, 0, 1) model provided a statistically significant local moving average (company 1: 0.123; company 2: 0.086) but no statistically significant parameters for the intervention (company 1: 0.007, p = 0.672; company 2: 0.000, p = 0.970). Prolonging the self-certification period by up to 5 days without medical certification or merging was not found to increase short-term absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Moerland
- IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Nouchka Vervaet
- Cohezio, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Bisschofsheimlaan 1-8, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- IDEWE, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Interleuvenlaan 58, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Versée
- Cohezio, External Service for Prevention and Protection at Work, Bisschofsheimlaan 1-8, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Public Health, VUB, Faculty of Medicine, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Du Bois
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Chau K, Schweitzer-Troester C, Leroy B, Kabuth B. Associations between school difficulties and family type and the role of socioeconomic, behavior and health-related difficulties in early adolescents: a population-based study. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:623-633. [PMID: 35112630 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nowadays many early adolescents are living in non-intact families (parents divorced/separated, reconstructed families or single parents) and have many school difficulties (learning difficulty, skipping school, school absence due to family problems, grade repetition, low school performance, and school dropout ideation). This study assessed the associations between school difficulties and family type which remain little addressed and the confounding role of socioeconomic adversities and behavior, social support and health-related difficulties (BSSHDs). METHODS The study population included 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.3). They completed at the end of school-year a questionnaire gathering socioeconomic adversities, school difficulties and BSSHDs (being obese, substances use, sustained physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, depressive symptoms, and suicide attempt; cumulated number noted BSSHDCM). Data was analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS The adolescents with parents divorced/separated, reconstructed families or single parents had a much higher risk for various school difficulties than those in intact families (sex-age-adjusted odds ratios 1.60-4.70, mostly with p < 0.001). These risks were robust and remained significant (often with p < 0.01/0.001) after adjustment for socioeconomic adversities and BSSHDCM. The contributions of socioeconomic adversities plus BSSHDCM to the risks were mostly elevated (>40%, reaching 65%) while those of socioeconomic adversities alone were mostly moderate (<30%, but reaching 52%). CONCLUSIONS Family type plays a strong role in school difficulties among early adolescents, mainly due to socioeconomic adversities and BSSHDCM. Our results may help primary care providers identify at-risk adolescents and their problems and establish timely prevention and care.HighlightsLearning difficulty, school absence, grade repetition, low academic performance, and school dropout ideation are common in early adolescents.The adolescents with parents divorced/separated, reconstructed families or single parents have up to 4.7-time higher risk for these school difficulties than those in intact families.These risks are robust after adjustment for socioeconomic, behavior and health-related difficulties which explain up to 65% of the risks.School-difficulty prevention should consider family features and include early monitoring behavior and health-related difficulties in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Benoît Leroy
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Bernard Kabuth
- Faculté de Médecine, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital d'Enfants de Nancy-Brabois, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Ersel RP, Pauli R, Gaum PM, Lang J. Sustainable return to work after depression - A comparative study among occupational physicians and affected employees. Front Public Health 2022; 10:946396. [PMID: 36276364 PMCID: PMC9583521 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.946396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The number of sick days taken from work due to depression is steadily rising. A successful return to work (RTW) is essential for sustainable reintegration. This study aims to identify factors to optimize RTW and to investigate approaches for sustainable RTW (sRTW) after depressive episodes. Methods Semi-structured expert interviews with senior occupational physicians (OPs, N = 5) served to develop two surveys among OPs (N = 180) and employees after depressive episode (N = 192). Predictors of RTW rating, workplace-based RTW interventions and sRTW interventions were analyzed using multiple hierarchical regression, chi-square difference and t-tests. Results For OPs, employee training on mental illness prevention was found to be the strongest predictor of overall RTW rating, whereas understanding and appreciation in conversations and stigmatization were strongest predictors of overall RTW rating by the employees. Compared to the employees, OPs reported significantly more availability of workplace-based interventions. To prevent relapse, the employees prioritized sufficient time and financial security during the RTW process more than OPs. Conclusions The study identified facilitating and hindering factors that can inform further research and practice to improve RTW after depressive episodes. To redress the awareness gap about the availability of workplace-based interventions, regular contact between OPs and employees is crucial. Several factors were considered to be of varying importance for relapse prevention by the two groups. Multiple perceptions and needs ought to be taken into account during RTW.
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Association between baseline cognitive symptoms and the subsequent presenteeism and global function in patients with major depressive disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 154:324-331. [PMID: 36027860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive symptoms in major depressive disorder (MDD) contribute to impaired functional abilities and work productivity, particularly presenteeism. We investigated the association between baseline cognitive symptoms and subsequent presenteeism, and global functional impairment in Japanese patients with MDD from PERFORM-J (Prospective Epidemiological Research on Functioning Outcomes Related to Major Depressive Disorder in Japan) - a 6-month, multicenter, epidemiological study data. A total of 518 patients initiating antidepressant monotherapy (first-line or switched from another drug) were enrolled. Assessments include Perceived Deficits Questionnaire - Depression (PDQ-D) for cognitive complaints, Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) for global function (analysed n = 318), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire for presenteeism (analysed n = 122). A strong association between changes in presenteeism and changes in SDS scores (r: total = 0.636; work/school = 0.686) was observed. After adjusting for sociodemographic and MDD-related factors, patients without cognitive complaints at baseline showed lower odds of impaired presenteeism at 6 months versus patients with cognitive complaints (0.243, 95% CI: 0.079 to 0.747, p = 0.014) and also in patients with first episode of MDD against with recurrent MDD (0.327 (95% CI: 0.136 to 0.787). Similarly, patients without cognitive complaints had healthier global functioning (lower mean SDS total score) than patients with cognitive complaints (8.3 vs 11.2; 95% CI, -5.189 to -0.578; p = 0.014). First depressive episode (lower risk of presenteeism), being male, and low baseline SDS total score (better global functioning) were also associated with improved outcomes. These results highlight the potential value of baseline PDQ-D scores in predicting subsequent workplace and global functioning in patients undergoing treatment for MDD.
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Agyapong B, Obuobi-Donkor G, Burback L, Wei Y. Stress, Burnout, Anxiety and Depression among Teachers: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710706. [PMID: 36078422 PMCID: PMC9518388 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, stress and burnout continue to be a problem among teachers, leading to anxiety and depression. Burnout may adversely affect teachers' health and is a risk factor for poor physical and mental well-being. Determining the prevalence and correlates of stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression among teachers is essential for addressing this public health concern. OBJECTIVE To determine the extent of the current literature on the prevalence and correlates of stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression among teachers. METHOD This scoping review was performed using the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews). Relevant search terms were used to determine the prevalence and correlates of teachers' stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression. Articles were identified using MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Data Base), APA PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Scopus Elsevier and ERIC (Education Resources Information Center). The articles were extracted, reviewed, collated, and thematically analyzed, and the results were summarized and reported. RESULTS When only clinically meaningful (moderate to severe) psychological conditions among teachers were considered, the prevalence of burnout ranged from 25.12% to 74%, stress ranged from 8.3% to 87.1%, anxiety ranged from 38% to 41.2% and depression ranged from 4% to 77%. The correlates of stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression identified in this review include socio-demographic factors such as sex, age, marital status, and school (organizational) and work-related factors including the years of teaching, class size, job satisfaction, and the subject taught. CONCLUSION Teaching is challenging and yet one of the most rewarding professions, but several factors correlate with stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression among teachers. Highlighting these factors is the first step in recognizing the magnitude of the issues encountered by those in the teaching profession. Implementation of a school-based awareness and intervention program is crucial to resolve the early signs of teacher stress and burnout to avoid future deterioration.
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The impact of comorbid spinal pain in depression on work participation and clinical remission following brief or short psychotherapy. Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial with two-year follow-up. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273216. [PMID: 35994437 PMCID: PMC9394798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This explorative study analyses the influence of baseline comorbid long-lasting spinal pain (CSP) on improvement of long term work participation and clinical remission of mental health illness following either brief coping-focussed or short-term psychotherapy for depression. Whether type of treatment modifies outcome with or without CSP is also analysed. Design A secondary post hoc subgroup analysis of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Interventions Brief or standard short psychotherapy. Methods Based on baseline assessment, the sample was subdivided into a subgroup with and a subgroup without CSP. Work participation and clinical remission of depression and anxiety were assessed as treatment outcome at two-year follow-up. Simple and multivariate logistic regression analyses, across the intervention arms, were applied to evaluate the impact of CSP on treatment outcome. Selected baseline variables were considered as potential confounders and included as variates if relevant. The modifying effect of CSP on treatment outcome was evaluated by including intervention modality as an interaction term. Main results Among the 236 participants with depressive symptoms, 83 participants (35%) were identified with CSP. In simple logistic regression analysis, CSP reduced improvements on both work participation and clinical remission rate. In the multivariate analysis however, the impact of CSP on work participation and on clinical remission were not significant after adjusting for confounding variables. Reduction of work participation was mainly explained by the higher age of the CSP participants and the reduced clinical remission by the additional co-occurrence of anxiety symptoms at baseline. The occurrence of CSP at baseline did not modify long term outcome of brief compared to short psychotherapy. Conclusions CSP at baseline reduced work participation and worsened remission of mental health symptoms two-year following psychotherapy. Older age and more severe baseline anxiety are associated to reduced effectiveness. Type of psychotherapy received did not contribute to differences.
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de Almeida Prado J, Santos JLF. Psychosocial functionality in depressive workers: A study on associated factors. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:958-968. [PMID: 33863245 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211011195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) has been shown a high prevalence and debilitating mental health. Most of the burden comes from reduced work functioning and frequent or long-term absenteeism. AIMS Describe psychosocial functionality in sample of workers with MDD and observe associated factors with sick-leave. METHODS Cross-sectional study. Participants were 172 formal workers with MDD according to Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. They were classified as active (n = 76) or in sick leave (n = 96). Functionality Assessment Short Test (FAST) was used and the variables were: personal, clinical, and occupational characteristics. Descriptive, bivariate and hierarchical multivariate analyses were conducted; significant with p < .05. RESULTS Most of the sample was female and <50. Workers in sick leave were older, less physically active, and presented worse scores in global and in each domain of functionality (FAST). High autonomy at working process, perceived stressing work, do not enjoy the work and low resilience to work adversities were significantly associated with sick leave (p < .05). Regarding clinical characteristics of MDD, severity, clinical comorbidity and recidivate subtype were associated with sick leave outcome (p < .05). CONCLUSION Sick leave is an important indicator of global functionality. Effective strategies to reduce MDD burden ought to involve some perspectives: (1) Diagnosis and efficient treatment; (2) Promotion and monitoring of functionality and rehabilitation programs; (3) Subject-centered actions that help workers cope with adversities, mitigate stress, and increase satisfaction at work.
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Main CJ, Shaw WS, Nicholas MK, Linton SJ. System-level efforts to address pain-related workplace challenges. Pain 2022; 163:1425-1431. [PMID: 35195550 PMCID: PMC9341230 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris J. Main
- Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, United Kingdom
| | - William S. Shaw
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Michael K. Nicholas
- Pain Management Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Steven J. Linton
- Department of Law, Psychology, and Social Work, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden
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Bozzatello P, Giordano B, Montemagni C, Rocca P, Bellino S. Real-World Functioning in Psychiatric Outpatients: Predictive Factors. J Clin Med 2022; 11:4400. [PMID: 35956015 PMCID: PMC9369214 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Investigations on predictors of real-world functioning were mainly performed in patients with schizophrenia, while fewer studies have been conducted in other psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify clinical, socio-demographic, and illness-related predictors of real-world functioning during 12 months of standard treatments in outpatients with different diagnoses. METHODS Outpatients (n = 1019) with schizophrenia (SZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD) were evaluated with the following tools: SCID-5-CV and SCID-5-PD, CGI-S, SAT-P, DAI-10, and PSP. Change of PSP (ΔPSP) between baseline and 12 months was used as the dependent variable in multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Higher PSP score at baseline and the achievement of main milestones predicted better functioning after follow-up in all subgroups of patients, with the exception of BD. In the total sample, ΔPSP was related to age of onset, treatments, and quality of life, and inversely related to psychiatric anamnesis, antidepressants, and global symptoms. In SZ, ΔPSP was related to adherence and quality of life. In MDD, ΔPSP was related to psychotherapy and quality of life, and inversely related to antidepressants and global symptoms. In BD, ΔPSP was related to age of onset, antipsychotics, and quality of life, while it was inversely related to psychiatric anamnesis. In BPD, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, psychotherapy, and quality of life were directly related to ΔPSP, while suicidal attempts and global symptoms had an inverse relation. Conclusions: Several socio-demographic and illness-related variables predicted improvement of real-world functioning, besides psychopathology and severity of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Bozzatello
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (B.G.); (C.M.); (P.R.); (S.B.)
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Gjengedal RGH, Osnes K, Reme SE, Lagerveld SE, Johnson SU, Lending HD, Sandin K, Bjørndal MT, Hjemdal O. Changes in depression domains as predictors of return to work in common mental disorders. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:520-527. [PMID: 35460747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression highly impairs function and reduces quality of life. Therefore, both symptomatic and functional recovery are important treatment goals. Depression consists of several cognitive, somatic, and affective symptom factors that differently affect function. However, it is unclear whether changes in these domains predict return to work (RTW) after treatment. METHODS Data were collected during treatment from patients on full or partial sick leave reporting depression symptoms (N = 300) at an out-patient clinic. Information on work status was assessed pre- and post-treatment and at 6 months follow-up. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate if residualized changes in symptom factors predicted full RTW, controlling for gender, education level, and age. RESULTS Changes (as symptom improvement) in the cognitive, somatic, and affective factor scores each significantly predicted full RTW post-treatment and at follow-up for patients on full and partial sick leave, even after controlling for gender, education level, and age. The change in the somatic factor explained the largest proportion of variance for full work post-treatment in patients on full sick-leave, while change in the cognitive factor explained most unique variance for patients on graded sick leave. LIMITATIONS The sample consisted of a majority of women with a relatively high level of education. This study should be replicated in more heterogeneous samples. CONCLUSION Changes in depression symptom domains are significant predictors for RTW work post-treatment. The change in the somatic factor explained the largest proportion of variance in patients on full sick leave and thus may particularly influence RTW after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragne G H Gjengedal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | - Silje E Reme
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sverre U Johnson
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kenneth Sandin
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marianne T Bjørndal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Begasse de Dhaem O, Sakai F. Migraine in the workplace. eNeurologicalSci 2022; 27:100408. [PMID: 35774055 PMCID: PMC9237352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2022.100408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is prevalent, disabling, and peaks during people's peak productive years. The impact of migraine on people's professional lives, work productivity, and interpersonal relationships at work eventually affects everyone, has a significant detrimental effect on people with migraine, and a huge cost in terms of lost productivity. People with migraine want to work, so they do their best to work despite the varied migraine related and associated symptoms. Most of migraine-related productivity loss (89%) is due to presenteeism. People are less than half effective during a migraine attack due to the pain, migraine symptoms, attack unpredictability, migraine comorbidities, emotional impact, under-diagnosis and under-management, and the stigma. Migraine-related productivity loss may negatively affect people's career choice, job status and/or security, financial status, work relationships, mood, and confidence. Migraine is estimated to represent 16% of total US workforce presenteeism. Thankfully, there are ways to help support people with migraine in the workplace and increase their productivity such as: workplace migraine education programs, workplace migraine education and management programs, migraine-friendly work environment, migraine treatment optimization and advocacy. The example of the successful workplace migraine education and management program developed and run in collaboration between Fujitsu, the Japanase Headache Society, and the International Headache Society Global Patient Advocacy Coalition is discussed. Migraine-related productivity loss is costly to people with migraine, to employers, and to everyone in one way or another. Workplace migraine education and/or management programs and migraine-friendly environment help people with migraine at work. Neurologists can help support their patients in the workplace and get involved in advocacy in many ways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fumihiko Sakai
- Saitama International Headache Center, Saitama Neuropsychiatric Institute, Saitama, Japan
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van Hees SGM, Carlier BE, Blonk RWB, Oomens S. Promoting Factors to Stay at Work Among Employees With Common Mental Health Problems: A Multiple-Stakeholder Concept Mapping Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:815604. [PMID: 35619783 PMCID: PMC9128844 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.815604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Most individuals affected by common mental health problems are employed and actually working. To promote stay at work by workplace interventions, it is crucial to understand the factors perceived by various workplace stakeholders, and its relative importance. This concept mapping study therefore explores perspectives of employees with common mental health problems (n = 18), supervisors (n = 17), and occupational health professionals (n = 14). Per stakeholder group, participants were interviewed to generate statements. Next, each participant sorted these statements on relatedness and importance. For each group, a concept map was created, using cluster analysis. Finally, focus group discussions were held to refine the maps. The three concept maps resulted in several clustered ideas that stakeholders had in common, grouped by thematic analysis into the following meta-clusters: (A) Employee’s experience of autonomy in work (employee’s responsibility, freedom to exert control, meaningful work), (B) Supervisor support (being proactive, connected, and involved), (C) Ways to match employee’s capacities to work (job accommodations), (D) Safe social climate in workplace (transparent organizational culture, collective responsibility in teams, collegial support), and (E) professional and organizational support, including collaboration with occupational health professionals. Promoting stay at work is a dynamic process that requires joined efforts by workplace stakeholders, in which more attention is needed to the interpersonal dynamics between employer and employee. Above all, a safe and trustful work environment, in which employee’s autonomy, capacities, and needs are addressed by the supervisor, forms a fundamental base to stay at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne G M van Hees
- Occupation and Health Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Bouwine E Carlier
- Occupation and Health Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Roland W B Blonk
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands.,TNO, Leiden, Netherlands.,Optentia, North West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Shirley Oomens
- Occupation and Health Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Department of Primary and Community Care, Nijmegen School of Occupational Health, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Suijkerbuijk Y, Nieuwenhuijsen K. Identification of the return-to-work mode in unemployed workers with mental health issues: A focus group study among occupational health professionals. Work 2022; 74:891-906. [PMID: 35527604 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Return-to-work (RTW) perceptions and attitudes are predictive for future work participation in workers with mental health issues. OBJECTIVE: To identify what RTW perceptions and attitudes occupational health professionals recognize in sick-listed unemployed workers with mental health issues and how these perceptions and attitudes can be systematically assessed. METHODS: Four focus group sessions, each involving five-six different occupational health professionals, were held. The audio records were transcribed verbatim and coded by two researchers independently. A thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Professionals recognized RTW perceptions and attitudes in sick-listed unemployed workers with mental health issues. These perceptions and attitudes were described as characteristics of three modes in a process regarding RTW: the passive, ambivalent and active RTW mode. A passive RTW mode includes perceptions about not being able to work and an expectant attitude. The ambivalent RTW mode is characterized by uncertainty and ambivalence regarding RTW with a desire for occupational support. Workers in an active RTW mode have positive RTW perceptions and show job search behavior. A main theme was the flexible nature of RTW attitudes and perceptions, with workers switching between the passive, ambivalent and active RTW modes. For the assessment of the RTW mode, the professionals preferred personal contact, possibly with support of a tool. This enables them to ask specific questions and to observe non-verbal signs. CONCLUSIONS: Recurring assessments of the RTW mode can be helpful in identifying unemployed workers with mental health issues at risk of long-term sickness absence and for starting targeted RTW interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Suijkerbuijk
- Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Research Center for Insurance Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Nieuwenhuijsen
- Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Research Center for Insurance Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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The frequency of job participation and well-being of older people in Japan: Results from JAGES study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 102:104720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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The Interplay between Multimorbidity, Physical Work Demands and Work Ability: Cross-Sectional Study among 12,879 Senior Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095023. [PMID: 35564418 PMCID: PMC9103436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Aging increases the risk of chronic diseases, which can challenge the ability to work and thereby push senior workers out of the labour market. This study investigates the association between non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and work ability among workers ≥50 years (senior workers) with physically demanding and sedentary work, respectively. Methods: In the SeniorWorkingLife study, 12,879 senior workers replied to a questionnaire survey on work and health in 2018. Associations between the type and number of NCD and work ability (scale 0−10) were modelled using a general linear model adjusting for potential confounders and combined with model-assisted weights from national registers. Results: A higher number of NCD (multimorbidity) was progressively associated with a lower work ability (trend test, p-value < 0.001). Physical work influenced the association between the number of NCDs and work ability. For specific diseases, mental disorders, including burn-out syndrome (least square mean difference (LSMD): −1.46, 95% CI: −1.61 to −1.32) and stress ( LSMD: −1.18, 95% CI: −1.29 to −1.07), demonstrated a stronger association with a lower work ability compared with somatic diseases, such as back diseases (LSMD: −0.72, 95% CI: −0.80 to −0.64). Conclusions: Multimorbidity was progressively associated with a lower work ability in senior workers, especially among those with physical work.
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Chau K, Bhattacherjee A, Senapati A, Guillemin F, Chau N. Association between screen time and cumulating school, behavior, and mental health difficulties in early adolescents: A population-based study. Psychiatry Res 2022; 310:114467. [PMID: 35227988 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Early adolescents may daily spend excessive screen-time (with television viewing, computer/console gaming, discussion forums/chatting online, internet surfing, doing homework, and electronic mails) while its association with cumulating several school-behavior-mental-health difficulties (SBMDs) (poor-academic-performance, being obese, alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other-illicit-drugs use, suffered violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, depressive symptoms, and suicide attempt) is poorly addressed. We investigated this association among 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.3). They completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features, daily screen-time for various screen-based activities (coded 1=<2/2=2-4/3=≥5 h; daily-total-screen-time level DSAtotal was defined as their sum and categorized into 4 levels: 6-7/8-9/10-12/≥13), various SBMDs and the time of their onset during the life course (their cumulated number SBMDscore was categorized into 5 levels: 0/1/2/3-4/≥5). Logistic regression modeling showed that the DSAtotal was strongly associated with all SBMDs (gender-age-adjusted odds ratio reaching 8.28, p < 0.001) and SBMDscore (gender-age-adjusted relative risk reaching 11.60, p < 0.001, pseudo R2 = 0.039). These associations remained strongly significant when controlling for socioeconomic adversities (contributions 20-38%). The proportion of subjects without each SBMD steadily decreased with age according to DSAtotal levels. These findings help to understand the impacts of high DSAtotal on SBMDs in early adolescents and identify at-risk adolescents for prevention and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France; INSERM, Center d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, 1433, UMR 1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ashis Bhattacherjee
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amrites Senapati
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Francis Guillemin
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; CIC Epidémiologie Clinique, CHRU Nancy, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- INSERM, U1018, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, UMR-S1178, Maison de Solenn, 97, boulevard de Port Royal, Cedex 14, Paris F-75679, France.
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Koene J, Zyto S, van der Stel J, van Lang N, Ammeraal M, Kupka RW, van Weeghel J. The relations between executive functions and occupational functioning in individuals with bipolar disorder: a scoping review. Int J Bipolar Disord 2022; 10:8. [PMID: 35286505 PMCID: PMC8921376 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-022-00255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with bipolar disorder experience impairments in their occupational functioning, despite remission of symptoms. Previous research has shown that neurocognitive deficits, especially deficits in executive functions, may persist during euthymia and are associated with diminished occupational functioning. Objectives The aim of this scoping review was to identify published studies that report on the relationships between executive functions and occupational functioning in BD to review current knowledge and identify knowledge gaps. In addition to traditional neuropsychological approaches, we aimed to describe executive functioning from a self-regulation perspective, including emotion regulation. Methods We applied the methodological framework as described by Arksey and O’Malley (Int J Soc Res Methodol Theory Pract 8:19–32, 2005) and Levac et al. (Implement Sci 5:1–9, 2010). We searched PubMed and psycINFO for literature up to November 2021, after which we screened papers based on inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently performed the screening process, data charting process, and synthesis of results. Results The search yielded 1202 references after deduplication, of which 222 remained after initial screening. The screening and inclusion process yielded 82 eligible papers in which relationships between executive functions and occupational functioning are examined. Conclusion Neurocognitive deficits, including in executive functions and self-regulation, are associated with and predictive of diminished occupational functioning. Definitions and measurements for neurocognitive functions and occupational functioning differ greatly between studies, which complicates comparisons. Studies on functional remediation show promising results for improving occupational functioning in patients with BD. In research and clinical practice more attention is needed towards the quality of work functioning and the various contexts in which patients with BD experience deficits. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40345-022-00255-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juul Koene
- University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Tranzo, Scientific Centre for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Zyto
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Mental Health Service Organisation North Holland North, Hoorn, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Marion Ammeraal
- GGZinGeest Center for Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph W Kupka
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,GGZinGeest Center for Mental Health Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap van Weeghel
- Tranzo, Scientific Centre for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.,Phrenos Center of Expertise, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Horn L, Spronken M, Brouwers EPM, de Reuver RSM, Joosen MCW. Identifying Return to Work Self-Efficacy Trajectories in Employees with Mental Health Problems. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:64-76. [PMID: 33978874 PMCID: PMC8858915 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Return to work self-efficacy (RTW-SE) is a strong predictor of return to work (RTW) in employees with mental health problems (MHPs). However, little is known about the development of RTW-SE during the RTW process. In this study, we aimed to identify RTW-SE trajectories in the year following sick leave in employees with MHPs and provided a description of the trajectories in terms of personal and work characteristics, and RTW status. Methods This multi-wave study included 111 employees with MHPs. RTW-SE was measured at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up with the RTW-SE scale for employees with MHPs. Results Latent class growth analysis revealed six trajectories. In three trajectories employees had increasing RTW-SE scores, namely (class 1) low start, moderate increase, (class 3) moderate start, small increase and (class 5) moderate start, steep increase. The other trajectories were defined by (class 2) persistently high, (class 6) persistently low, and (class 4) decreasing RTW-SE scores over time. Employees across the various trajectories differed significantly with respect to RTW status, and personal and work characteristics measured at baseline, including age, gender, and type of MHP. Less favorable trajectories (class 4 and 6) were characterized by higher age, a higher prevalence of anxiety disorder and lower RTW rates. The most favorable trajectory (class 2) was characterized by a higher proportion of stress-related disorders and less major depression diagnoses. Conclusions Large heterogeneity exists in terms of RTW-SE trajectories in employees with MHPs and significant differences were found across the trajectories regarding personal and work characteristics, and RTW status. Insights into RTW-SE trajectories and their attributes are important to advance more effective and personalized RTW treatment for employees with MHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Horn
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Maitta Spronken
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg 177, 6419 AT, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien P M Brouwers
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Renée S M de Reuver
- Department Human Resource Studies, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Margot C W Joosen
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department Human Resource Studies, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Fisker J, Hjorthøj C, Hellström L, Mundy SS, Rosenberg NG, Eplov LF. Predictors of return to work for people on sick leave with common mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1-13. [PMID: 35106629 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01827-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To support the return to work following common mental disorders knowing which factors influence the return to work is important. We aimed to identify factors predicting return to work for people on sick leave with disorders like stress, anxiety, and depression. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analyses were conducted regarding return to work at any time point, < 3 months, 3-12 months, and > 12 months of sick leave, respectively, and diagnostic subgroups. RESULTS The meta-analyses included 29 studies. Predictors decreasing return to work probability at any time point were higher age, being male, neuroticism and openness, previous sickness absence, and higher symptom scores. Predictors increasing return to work probability were positive return to work expectations, high return to work- and general self-efficacy, conscientiousness, and high workability index. Return to work within < 3 months of sick leave was associated with positive return to work expectations. Return to work after > 12 months was increased by higher education. Higher age was associated with decreased return to work probability after > 12 months. No significant predictors were found in diagnostic subgroups. CONCLUSION Results are overall consistent with earlier reviews. Future studies should focus on specific time points, diagnostic subgroups, and work-related factors. PROSPERO REGISTRATION ID CRD42018073396.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Fisker
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lone Hellström
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark.
| | - Sara Skriver Mundy
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicole Gremaud Rosenberg
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lene Falgaard Eplov
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
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Safi F, Aniserowicz AM, Colquhoun H, Stier J, Nowrouzi-Kia B. Impact of eating disorders on paid or unpaid work participation and performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:7. [PMID: 35033207 PMCID: PMC8760832 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-021-00525-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (ED) can reduce quality of life by limiting participation and performance in social and occupational roles, including paid or unpaid work. The association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance must be well understood to strengthen vocational rehabilitation programmes and prevent occupational disruptions in the ED population. The aims of this study are: (1) to examine the degree of association between ED pathologies and work participation and performance in 15-year-olds and older; (2) to highlight the specific ED symptoms that are most correlated with changes in work performance and participation; (3) to compile the most common metrics and assessments used to measure work participation and performance with ED. METHODS Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library will be searched for observational and experimental studies that meet the following criteria: (1) a clinical sample of typical or atypical ED; (2) paid or unpaid employment or training; (3) an association between ED pathologies and work participation or performance. Unpublished data will also be examined. Title and abstract, and full-text screening will be conducted in duplicate. Risk of bias and quality of evidence assessments will be completed. A random-effect meta-analysis will be performed. DISCUSSION This synthesis can clarify knowledge and gaps around the impact of ED on work functioning, thereby allowing better evaluation, improvements and development of current workplace assessments, interventions, and policies. TRIAL REGISTRATION The registration number for this systematic review on PROSPERO is CRD42021255055.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Safi
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Anna M Aniserowicz
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Heather Colquhoun
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Jill Stier
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 160-500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V7, Canada.
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Jansen J, van Ooijen R, Koning PWC, Boot CRL, Brouwer S. The Role of the Employer in Supporting Work Participation of Workers with Disabilities: A Systematic Literature Review Using an Interdisciplinary Approach. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2021; 31:916-949. [PMID: 33978875 PMCID: PMC8558169 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose There is growing awareness that the employer plays an important role in preventing early labor market exit of workers with poor health. This systematic review aims to explore the employer characteristics associated with work participation of workers with disabilities. An interdisciplinary approach was used to capture relevant characteristics at all organizational levels. Methods To identify relevant longitudinal observational studies, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and EconLit. Three key concepts were central to the search: (a) employer characteristics, (b) work participation, including continued employment, return to work and long-term work disability, and (c) chronic diseases. Results The search strategy resulted in 4456 articles. In total 50 articles met the inclusion criteria. We found 14 determinants clustered in four domains: work accommodations, social support, organizational culture and company characteristics. On supervisor level, strong evidence was found for an association between work accommodations and continued employment and return to work. Moderate evidence was found for an association between social support and return to work. On higher organizational level, weak evidence was found for an association between organizational culture and return to work. Inconsistent evidence was found for an association between company characteristics and the three work outcomes. Conclusions Our review indicates the importance of different employer efforts for work participation of workers with disabilities. Workplace programs aimed at facilitating work accommodations and supervisor support can contribute to the prevention of early labor market exit of workers with poor health. Further research is needed on the influence of organizational culture and company characteristics on work participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jansen
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - R van Ooijen
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Economics, Econometrics and Finance, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - P W C Koning
- Department of Economics, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Economics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - C R L Boot
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Brouwer
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Sandin K, Gjengedal RGH, Osnes K, Hannisdal M, Berge T, Leversen JSR, Røv LG, Reme SE, Lagerveld S, Blonk R, Nordahl HM, Shields G, Wells A, Hjemdal O. Metacognitive therapy and work-focused interventions for patients on sick leave due to anxiety and depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled wait-list trial. Trials 2021; 22:854. [PMID: 34838125 PMCID: PMC8626756 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety are major contributors to the global burden of disease. Affected individuals suffer reduced quality of life, impaired functioning and reduced capacity to work. Maintaining employment is an important determinant for health and wellbeing, and the economic impact of depression and anxiety is a significant societal expense. Treatments providing effective symptom reduction and helping patients return to work (RTW) would thus have substantial public health benefits. The present study will explore the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy (MCT) and work-focused interventions on reducing symptoms and increasing RTW rates for patients on sick leave due to depression and anxiety. METHODS The study is a randomised controlled wait-list trial (RCT; N = 240). The intervention group will receive protocol-based MCT and work-focused interventions immediately after inclusion. The control condition is a wait-list control group. All patients will receive up to 12 weekly sessions. The study context is a Norwegian outpatient clinic part of a national programme aimed at reducing sick leave. The co-primary outcomes are change in RTW and symptoms of depression and anxiety at the end of treatment. In addition to self-report, sick leave will also be collected from national registries from 2 years prior to intervention to 4 years after intervention. Symptoms of scores will be collected by self-report at pre- and post-treatment and at 6 and 12 months follow-up after treatment. A cost-effectiveness analysis will use total cost and quality-adjusted life-years as the secondary outcomes. DISCUSSION There is broad consensus on the importance of identifying treatment that effectively reduces depression and anxiety symptoms and aids RTW. This study is an important contribution to the field as it is the first RCT on MCT and work-focused interventions for patients on sick leave due to anxiety and depression. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03301922 . Registered on October 4, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Sandin
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ragne G H Gjengedal
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kåre Osnes
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Hannisdal
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torkil Berge
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas S R Leversen
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars G Røv
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
| | - Silje Endresen Reme
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Suzanne Lagerveld
- Dutch Institute for Employee Benefit Schemes (UWV), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans M Nordahl
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gemma Shields
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research, and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adrian Wells
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research, and Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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Blomjous BS, Gajadin GRS, Voskuyl AE, Falzon L, Hoving JL, Bultink IEM, Ter Wee MM. Work participation in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:2740-2754. [PMID: 34792543 PMCID: PMC9258549 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This systematic review assessed which variables are associated with or are predictors for work participation outcomes in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods A literature search using MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Embase and CINAHL was conducted to identify all studies published from inception (1947) to June 2021 on factors related to and/or predicting employment status, absenteeism and/or presenteeism in SLE patients aged ≥18 years. The quality of included articles was assessed using the QUIPS tool. Narrative summaries were used to present the data. Results Fifteen studies (nine on associations, four on predictions, and two assessing both) were included, encompassing data of 3800 employed patients. Younger age, Caucasian ethnicity, higher educational level, lower disease activity score, shorter disease duration, absence of specific disease manifestations, higher levels of physical functioning and less physical job demands and higher levels of psychological/cognitive functioning were associated with or predicted favorable work outcomes. Older age, non-Caucasian ethnicity, female gender, never being married, poverty, lower educational level, higher disease activity score, longer disease duration, specific disease manifestations, lower levels of physical functioning, more physical job demands and low job control, less job tenure and lower levels of cognitive functioning were associated with or predicted an unfavorable work outcome. Limitations of the evidence were the quality of the studies and the use of heterogeneous outcome measures, applied statistical methods and instruments used to assess work participation. Conclusion We recommend applying the EULAR points to consider for designing, analysing and reporting on work participation in inflammatory arthritis also to SLE studies on work participation, to enhance the quality and comparability between studies and to better understand the impact of SLE on work participation. Trial registration registration in PROSPERO (CRD42020161275; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=161275).
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit S Blomjous
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gayle R S Gajadin
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC
| | - Alexandre E Voskuyl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Louise Falzon
- Center for Personalized Health, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, New York, USA
| | - Jan L Hoving
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Irene E M Bultink
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke M Ter Wee
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam UMC
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Gjengedal RGH, Lagerveld SE, Reme SE, Osnes K, Sandin K, Hjemdal O. The Return-to-Work Self-efficacy Questionnaire (RTW-SE): A Validation Study of Predictive Abilities and Cut-off Values for Patients on Sick Leave Due to Anxiety or Depression. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2021; 31:664-673. [PMID: 33630238 PMCID: PMC8298338 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the Return-to-Work Self-efficacy Questionnaire (RTW-SE) in a Norwegian sample of patients with common mental disorders. The secondary aim was to provide validated cut-off scores for the RTW-SE. Methods Among patients receiving work-focused therapy (N = 626), the RTW-SE was measured pre-and post-treatment, and work status was assessed up to one-year post-treatment. The factor structure, internal consistency and construct validity were assessed. Furthermore, post-treatment cut-off scores were calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for patients on sick leave at baseline (n = 314) and at the end of treatment (n = 145). The predictive ability of the suggested RTW-SE cut-off scores were investigated longitudinally. Results Exploratory principal component analysis identified a one-factor solution with high internal consistency (0.91). RTW-SE exhibited small to moderate negative correlations with measures of depression and anxiety, and was significantly different between subgroups of patients with different work status, supporting construct validity. Pre- and post-treatment RTW-SE scores significantly predicted full return to work at 3, 6 and 12 months post-treatment. ROC analysis suggested an upper cut-off score of 4.6, associated with full RTW, and lower cut-off score of 3.7, associated with partial RTW. These cut-offs showed acceptable discriminative ability and significant longitudinal predictive ability. Conclusion The RTW-SE possesses good psychometric properties and the suggested cut-off scores have significant predictive ability in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragne G H Gjengedal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Suzanne E Lagerveld
- The Dutch Institute for Employee Benefit Schemes (UWV), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silje E Reme
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kenneth Sandin
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Sienkiewicz ME, Iverson KM, Smith BN, Mitchell KS. Associations between eating disorder symptoms, employment status, and occupational functioning among female veterans. Eat Behav 2021; 42:101536. [PMID: 34182295 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2021.101536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders (EDs) have been shown to negatively impact occupational functioning and may be associated with employment status. Findings have been inconsistent, and depression may mediate this relation. Further, prior research focuses mainly on binge eating disorder's (BED) impact on occupational functioning. We assessed the association between transdiagnostic ED symptoms and occupational functioning and employment status among female veterans, who tend to have high rates of EDs and unemployment but who remain understudied. METHOD Participants were 198 female veterans (Mage = 54.09) in the New England region who participated in a larger study. They completed a mailed survey including the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, employment status (employed vs. unemployed and out of the workforce), and the Inventory of Psychosocial Functioning to assess occupational functioning. RESULTS ED symptoms were not significantly related to employment status but were negatively associated with occupational functioning when controlling for body mass index. Depressive symptoms mediated the associations between ED symptoms and both being out of the workforce and occupational functioning, respectively. DISCUSSION Higher levels of ED symptoms were associated with worse occupational functioning in a female veteran sample. Further, comorbid depressive symptoms may be an important treatment target when addressing occupational health in women experiencing ED symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Sienkiewicz
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Katherine M Iverson
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Brian N Smith
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Karen S Mitchell
- National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Chau K, Vilain E. Association between depressive symptoms and subsequent injuries in early adolescents: a population-based study. Nord J Psychiatry 2021; 75:406-414. [PMID: 33555969 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1877813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depressive symptoms (DSs) may be frequent and highly increase the risk of injuries in early adolescents (10-16 years). This study assessed the association between DSs and subsequent school and out-of-school injuries in early adolescents. METHODS The study population included 1219 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age =12.7 ± 1.3) who completed at the end of school-year a questionnaire gathering socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' occupation, parents' education, and family income), obesity, alcohol use, tobacco use, health status, DSs (Kandel scale higher than the median value, hence including moderate levels), and school and out-of-school injuries during the present school-year. Were only considered the DSs and confounders that had started before the school-year. Data was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS DSs were strongly associated with one or more school-physical/sports-training injuries (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio ORsa 2.08, p < 0.001), other-school-training injuries (ORsa 2.13, p < 0.01), school-free-time injuries (ORsa 2.84, p < 0.001), out-of-school-sports injuries (ORsa 1.95, p < 0.001), and traffic injuries (ORsa 3.78, p < 0.001). The risk was higher for having two or more injury categories (ORsa 4.03, p < 0.001) than for only one injury category (ORsa 1.80, p < 0.001). These results were robust and remained after further adjustment for socioeconomic features, obesity, alcohol use, tobacco use, and health status. CONCLUSIONS DSs strongly increase the injury risk in early adolescents. Injury prevention should include DSs screening and monitoring and help adolescents and their neighborhood be aware of the risk.HighlightsInjuries and depressive symptoms (DSs) are frequent in early adolescents.DSs highly predict subsequent school and out-of-school injuries and cumulating several injury types.These results are robust after adjustment for socioeconomic features, being obese, alcohol use, tobacco use and poor health status.Injury prevention should include early DSs screening and monitoring and help adolescents and their neighborhood be aware of the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Etienne Vilain
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Lyhne CN, Nielsen CV, Kristiansen ST, Bjerrum MB. 'Work is a motivator in life' Strategies in managing work participation among highly educated employees with depression. Work 2021; 69:1063-1073. [PMID: 34219699 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work participation among employees with depression is hampered due to cognitive impairments. Although studies show higher levels of work disability among people with a lower education, highly educated employees may encounter specific challenges in fulfilling their work role due to the cognitive impairments of depression, as they often perform cognitively demanding jobs. There is little knowledge about their challenges and opportunities with regard to work participation. OBJECTIVE To investigate how highly educated employees with depression manage work participation by focusing on their views on opportunities and challenges in fulfilling their work role. METHODS Eight individual interviews with highly educated employees with depression were conducted. Transcripts were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The analysis revealed four categories: struggling with acknowledging depression and disclosure; fear of being stigmatised at work; work is a motivator in life; and striving to fulfil the work role at the expense of private life activities. CONCLUSIONS Highly educated employees with depression need guidance regarding the disclosure of information about health issues and work ability. To successfully manage their work role, they need a clear plan with outlined tasks, demands and goals. Healthcare professionals and workplaces should support them in setting limits with regard to work tasks and working hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie N Lyhne
- Research Unit of Nursing and Healthcare, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claus V Nielsen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,DEFACTUM, Central Denmark Region, Denmark.,Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark
| | - Sanne T Kristiansen
- Research Unit of Nursing and Healthcare, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete B Bjerrum
- Research Unit of Nursing and Healthcare, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,The Centre of Clinical Guidelines - Danish National Clearing House, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.,The Danish Centre of Systematic Reviews - A JBI Centre of Excellence, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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van Hees SGM, Carlier BE, Blonk RWB, Oomens S. Understanding work participation among employees with common mental disorders: What works, for whom, under what circumstances and how? A systematic realist review protocol. Work 2021; 69:827-838. [PMID: 34180455 PMCID: PMC8385521 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Work participation among employees with common mental disorders (CMDs) is an increasingly important, yet highly complex phenomenon. Given the call for preventing instead of reacting to negative work outcomes, there is a need to understand how employees with CMDs can continue working. OBJECTIVES: 1) to provide insights in applying a realist approach to the literature review process and 2) to present a way to develop an explanatory framework on work participation, the related causal mechanisms and the interaction with the work context. METHODS: A systematic realist literature review, using stay at work (SAW) and work performance (WP) as outcomes of work participation. This protocol paper explains the rationale, tools and procedures developed and used for identification, selection, appraisal and synthesis of included studies. RESULTS: The review process entailed six steps to develop so called ‘middle range program theories’. Each step followed a systematic, iterative procedure using context-mechanism-outcome (CMO) configurations. CONCLUSIONS: Conducting a realist review adds on the understanding to promote work participation, by examining the heterogeneity and complexity of intervention- and observational studies. This paper facilitates other researchers within the field of occupational health by demonstrating ways to develop a framework on work participation using realist synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne G M van Hees
- Occupation and health research group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Bouwine E Carlier
- Occupation and health research group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roland W B Blonk
- Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands.,Optentia Research Focus Area, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.,TNO, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shirley Oomens
- Occupation and health research group, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboudumc, Department of Primary and Community Care, School of Occupational Health, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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50
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Fernandez RC, Moore VM, Rumbold AR, Whitrow MJ, Avery JC, Davies MJ. Diagnosis delayed: health profile differences between women with undiagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome and those with a clinical diagnosis by age 35 years. Hum Reprod 2021; 36:2275-2284. [PMID: 33963388 PMCID: PMC8289294 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are reproductive, metabolic or psychological health profiles of women with clinically diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) different from those with undiagnosed PCOS? SUMMARY ANSWER Obtaining a clinical diagnosis of PCOS is strongly linked to the experience of fertility problems, but not clinical depression or poor metabolic health, although these were highly prevalent in women with PCOS irrespective of when they were diagnosed. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PCOS is an endocrine disorder that is relative common, but heterogeneous in presentation. This may impact on the pathways to diagnosis and timely treatment. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A cross-sectional analysis of a community-based cohort of 974 women, established retrospectively when women were around 30 years of age. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS In this cohort of women born in Adelaide, South Australia, half of women who met the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS were previously undiagnosed. We compared women with prior clinical diagnosis of PCOS, those diagnosed through participation in this research, and the remainder in the cohort. Sociodemographic characteristics, reproductive, metabolic and psychological health, including medical conditions and medications were considered. Logistic regression was undertaken to identify independent predictors of prior clinical diagnosis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE There were 56 women with a prior clinical diagnosis of PCOS (5.7%) and a further 64 (6.6%) were undiagnosed until study entry. The great majority of women with a prior diagnosis of PCOS reported having had problems with periods (95%) and excess body hair (63%). Corresponding proportions for women undiagnosed until study participation were slightly lower (81% and 45%, respectively). Although the proportion of women attempting or achieving pregnancy was similar across all groups, those with a prior diagnosis of PCOS were four times more likely to have reported difficulties becoming pregnant than those undiagnosed (odds ratio = 4.05, 95% CI 1.74-9.45) and frequently sought medical assistance. Metabolic problems were higher in both PCOS groups compared to women without PCOS. In both PCOS groups, the prevalence of clinical depression was 50% higher than in those with no PCOS (P = 0.021). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The number of women who were diagnosed with PCOS both prior to and during the study limited statistical power available to detect modest differences between the PCOS groups. Some women in the group classified as not having PCOS may have remained undiagnosed, but any bias from this source would contribute to more conservative findings. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Findings reinforce the need for early detection of PCOS symptoms from adolescence, ensuring timely diagnosis and appropriate health care. The high prevalence of depression among clinically diagnosed and undiagnosed women with PCOS suggests this is a feature of the condition and supports recent recommendations in the international PCOS guidelines to screen all women with PCOS for depression and anxiety. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by a project grant (2017) from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) Centre for Research Excellence in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Grant ID APP1078444). R.C.F. and J.C.A. were supported by Robinson Research Institute Lloyd Cox Career Development Fellowships (2018). Establishment of the cohort was funded by an NHMRC Strategic Award No. 465455, a Career Development Award in Population Health (No. 349548) and the Australian Research Council (Future Fellowship FT100101018) awarded to M.J.D. All authors declared no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renae C Fernandez
- The University of Adelaide, Discipline of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- The University of Adelaide, School of Public Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vivienne M Moore
- The University of Adelaide, School of Public Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Fay Gale Centre for Research on Gender, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alice R Rumbold
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa J Whitrow
- The University of Adelaide, School of Public Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jodie C Avery
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael J Davies
- The University of Adelaide, Discipline of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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