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Lee M, Schillinger ES, Zaso MJ, Park A, Kim J. Psychometric validation of the Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire in adolescents. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024. [PMID: 38858127 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire (PDCQ) was developed to measure positive consequences of alcohol use endorsed by college drinkers. Efforts to assess positive drinking consequences experienced by adolescents have been much more limited. The aim of the present study was to advance the psychometric testing and evaluation of the factor structure of the PDCQ in adolescents. METHODS The current sample consisted of 173 adolescents at T1 (mean age = 15 years, range = 13-17; 61% female) who reported alcohol use in the past 12 months. Data were collected at two time points over a 12-month interval in the United States. Confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant, concurrent, predictive, and incremental validity were tested. RESULTS Our analyses supported four factors of positive alcohol-related consequences: sociability, liquid courage, sexual enhancement, and tension reduction. Internal consistency was moderate to high (α = 0.78-0.94, ω = 0.86-0.91 at T1; α = 0.59-0.93, ω = 0.85-0.93 at T2). Test-retest reliability was fair to good (ICC = 0.46-0.55). The PDCQ total and subscale factor scores demonstrated discriminant validity from negative alcohol expectancy. PDCQ total and subscale factor scores were positively associated with current alcohol consumption (ρs = 0.19-0.50 at T1; ρs = 0.17-0.46 at T2), indicating concurrent validity. Predictive validity analyses showed that the overall PDCQ scale score and the sociability subscale positively predicted maximum drinks 1 year later (ρs = 0.18-0.22). However, the sexual enhancement subscale was negatively predictive of typical drinking frequency 1 year later. Finally, the PDCQ showed incremental validity for concurrent alcohol consumption beyond that for alcohol expectancies and drinking motives. CONCLUSION The present findings support for the reliability and validity of PDCQ for use in adolescents where it may have utility as an assessment tool for characterizing various aspects of positive drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyeong Lee
- Department of Psychology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Michelle J Zaso
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jueun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Oh H, Winn JG, Li Verdugo J, Bañada R, Zachry CE, Chan G, Okine L, Park J, Formigoni M, Leaune E. Mental health outcomes of multiracial individuals: A systematic review between the years 2016 and 2022. J Affect Disord 2024; 347:375-386. [PMID: 38008291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that multiracial individuals are at high risk for mental health problems. Systematic and ongoing synthesis of literature is necessary to understand mental health among multiracial individuals. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of scholarly articles published during the years 2016-2022. Studies must have focused explicitly on mental health outcomes of biracial/multiracial individuals using quantitative methods. A total of 22 articles met criteria for this review. RESULTS Studies were mainly from the United States, with one study from the United Kingdom and one from the Netherlands. Sample sizes ranged from 57 to 393,681. Findings revealed a complicated picture between multiracial identity and mental health, which may be a function of how multiracial identity is defined and empirically examined. Among studies comparing multiracial individuals with monoracial groups, multiracial individuals tended to have worse mental health, with notable exceptions depending on the multiracial subgroup, the mental health outcome, and the reference group. Among studies that only examined multiracial individuals, discrimination and ethno-racial identity emerged as complex explanatory factors that can shape mental health, though each of these constructs can be explored more deeply across social milieu. LIMITATIONS The review focused on studies explicitly examining multiracial mental health, published during a limited time frame. CONCLUSION Multiracial individuals tended to have worse mental health outcomes compared to their monoracial counterparts, with variations depending on the outcomes, populations/subgroups, contexts, and reference groups. Racial discrimination and ethno-racial identity may shape mental health trajectories of multiracial people, calling for more research to inform targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | | | | | - Ronna Bañada
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Corinne E Zachry
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Gloria Chan
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Lucinda Okine
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Juyoung Park
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Marco Formigoni
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, USA.
| | - Edouard Leaune
- Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE), INSERM U1290, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Dobani F, Zaso M, Desalu JM, Park A. Alcohol use in multiracial American youth compared with monoracial youth: A meta-analysis. Addiction 2024; 119:47-59. [PMID: 37563711 PMCID: PMC10840797 DOI: 10.1111/add.16310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although multiracial people comprise the fastest growing population in the United States, multiracial youth are nearly invisible in alcohol research. This meta-analysis synthesized the youth alcohol literature to estimate the magnitude of difference in alcohol use as a function of multiracial status. DESIGN AND MEASUREMENTS Empirical studies reporting multiracial and monoracial comparisons in youth (aged 10-24 years) alcohol use were identified through a systematic literature search. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using 85 effect sizes extracted from 16 studies assessing life-time, past-year, past-month and binge alcohol use. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of n=1 555 635 youth were assessed in the United States. FINDINGS Multiracial youth are suggested to be more likely to endorse life-time alcohol use than Asian youth [number of studies (k) = 3; odds ratio (OR) = 1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01, 3.24; p = 0.04], with significant between-study heterogeneity (Q = 8.42; p < 0.001; I2 = 76%) in effect size comparisons. Multiracial youth are suggested to be more likely to endorse past-month alcohol use than Black (k = 6; OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.38, 1.71; p < 0.001) and Asian (k = 4; OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.52, 2.88; p < 0.001) youth, but less likely than White (k = 6; OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.84, 0.91; p < 0.001) youth, with significant between-study heterogeneity for Black youth (Q = 11.94; p = 0.03; I2 = 58%) in effect size comparisons. Lastly, multiracial youth are suggested to be more likely to endorse binge alcohol use than Black (k = 4; OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.62, 2.44; p < 0.001) and Asian (k = 4; OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 2.28, 3.48; p < 0.001) youth, but less likely than White (k = 5; OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.70, 0.81; p < 0.001) and American Indian/Alaska Native (k = 3; OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.71, 0.85; p < 0.001) youth, with significant between-study heterogeneity among Black (Q = 23.99; p < 0.001; I2 = 87%) and Asian (Q = 17.76; p < 0.001; I2 = 83%) youth in effect size comparisons. CONCLUSIONS In the United States, multiracial youth report distinct alcohol use patterns compared with monoracial youth and may be at elevated alcohol use risk compared with Black and Asian youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Dobani
- Syracuse University Department of Psychology, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244
| | - Michelle Zaso
- Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, 1021 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14203
| | - Jessica M. Desalu
- University Counseling Service, Howard University, 6 & Bryant Streets NW, Washington, DC 20059
| | - Aesoon Park
- Syracuse University Department of Psychology, 430 Huntington Hall, Syracuse, NY 13244
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4
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Lam-Hine T, Riddell CA, Bradshaw PT, Omi M, Allen AM. Racial differences in associations between adverse childhood experiences and physical, mental, and behavioral health. SSM Popul Health 2023; 24:101524. [PMID: 37860706 PMCID: PMC10583167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor adulthood health. Multiracial people have elevated mean ACEs scores and risk of several outcomes. We aimed to determine whether this group should be targeted for prevention efforts. Methods We analyzed three waves (1994-2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 12,372) in 2023, estimating associations between four or more ACEs and physical (metabolic syndrome, hypertension, asthma), mental (anxiety, depression), and behavioral (suicidal ideation, drug use) outcomes. We estimated adjusted risk ratios for each outcome in modified Poisson models interacting race and ACEs. We used the interaction contrast to estimate race-specific excess cases per 1000 relative to Multiracial participants. Results Excess case estimates of asthma were smaller for White (-123 cases, 95% CI: -251, -4), Black (-141, 95% CI: -285, -6), and Asian (-169, 95% CI: -334, -7) participants compared to Multiracial participants. Black (-100, 95% CI: -189, -10), Asian (-163, 95% CI: -247, -79) and Indigenous (-144, 95% CI: -252, -42) participants had fewer excess cases of and weaker relative scale association with anxiety compared to Multiracial participants. Conclusions Adjusted associations with asthma and anxiety appear stronger for Multiracial people. Existing ACEs prevention strategies should be tailored to support Multiracial youth and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Lam-Hine
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology & Population Health, 1701 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Corinne A. Riddell
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Patrick T. Bradshaw
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michael Omi
- University of California Berkeley Department of Ethnic Studies, 506 Social Science Building, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Amani M. Allen
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Community Health Sciences, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Bravo AJ, Wedell E, Villarosa-Hurlocker MC, Looby A, Dickter CL, Schepis TS. Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination among young adult college students: Prevalence rates and associations with mental health. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2062-2073. [PMID: 34398695 PMCID: PMC8847537 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1954012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective/Participants: In a large, diverse sample of college students (N = 2,230), this online study investigated racial/ethnic differences on type of discriminatory event experienced and perceived stress, and whether discrimination-related stress was associated with mental health symptoms. Methods: Prevalence of lifetime/past year discriminatory events was assessed and frequency of discrimination-related stress was compared across racial/ethnic groups. Correlations between discrimination-related stress and mental health symptoms were also examined. Results: All racial/ethnic groups reported experiencing all types of discriminatory events, though prevalence was lowest for White students. Racial/ethnic minority (i.e., Asian, Black, Latinx) students reported greater discrimination-related perceived stress compared to White, non-Hispanics. Across all racial/ethnic groups, discrimination-related stress was positively associated with negative mental health outcomes (e.g., anxiety/depressive symptoms). Conclusions: These results highlight the need to continue efforts to reduce discriminatory experiences of racial/ethnic minority students and to incorporate antiracism interventions in universities to mitigate the pervasive negative experiences of minority students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Wedell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, William & Mary
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Fitzpatrick S, Crenshaw A, Earle EA, Radosavljevic D, Kuo JR. The influence of sleep on emotion dysregulation in borderline personality disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and healthy controls. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115273. [PMID: 37301022 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Emotion dysregulation is central to borderline personality disorder (BPD) and exacerbated by sleep disruptions. This study investigated whether homeostatic (i.e., sleep efficiency), circadian (i.e., chronotype), and subjective (i.e., sleep quality) sleep elements predict emotion dysregulation in BPD, healthy controls (HCs), and a generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) group. Participants (N = 120) with BPD, GAD, and HCs completed daily sleep measures for seven days prior to an experiment wherein baseline emotion, emotional reactions to stressors (i.e., reactivity), and the extent to which they can decrease their emotion using mindfulness and distraction (i.e., emotion regulation) were measured across self-reported, sympathetic, and parasympathetic emotion. Across groups, earlier chronotypes and higher sleep quality predicted less self-reported baseline negative emotion, and higher sleep quality predicted better parasympathetic emotion regulation. For HCs, higher sleep efficiency and lower sleep quality predicted higher parasympathetic baseline emotion, and higher sleep efficiency predicted more self-reported baseline negative emotion. Also in HCs, earlier chronotype predicted better sympathetic emotion regulation, and there was a quadratic relationship between sleep efficiency and self-reported emotion regulation. Optimizing sleep quality and improving alignment between chronotype and daily living may improve baseline emotion and emotion regulation. Healthy individuals may be particularly vulnerable to high or low sleep efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skye Fitzpatrick
- Department of Psychology, York University, North York, ON, Canada.
| | - Alexander Crenshaw
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Janice R Kuo
- Department of Psychology(,) Stanford-PGSP PsyD Consortium, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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7
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Lam-Hine T, Riddell CA, Bradshaw PT, Omi M, Allen AM. Racial Differences in Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Physical, Mental, and Behavioral Health. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.06.02.23290905. [PMID: 37333236 PMCID: PMC10274984 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.02.23290905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor adulthood health, with individuals experiencing multiple ACEs at greatest risk. Multiracial people have high mean ACEs scores and elevated risk of several outcomes, but are infrequently the focus of health equity research. This study aimed to determine whether this group should be targeted for prevention efforts. Methods We analyzed Waves 1 (1994-95), 3 (2001-02), and 4 (2008-09) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 12,372) in 2023, estimating associations between four or more ACEs and physical (metabolic syndrome, hypertension, asthma), mental (anxiety, depression), and behavioral (suicidal ideation, drug use) outcomes. We estimated risk ratios for each outcome in modified Poisson models with a race × ACEs interaction, adjusted for hypothesized confounders of the ACE-outcome relationships. We used the interaction contrast to estimate excess cases per 1,000 individuals for each group relative to Multiracial participants. Results Excess case estimates of asthma were significantly smaller for White (-123 cases, 95% CI: -251, -4), Black (-141, 95% CI: -285, -6), and Asian (-169, 95% CI: -334, -7) participants compared to Multiracial participants. Black (-100, 95% CI: -189, -10), Asian (-163, 95% CI: -247, -79) and Indigenous (-144, 95% CI: -252, -42) participants had significantly fewer excess cases of and weaker (p < 0.001) relative scale association with anxiety compared to Multiracial participants. Conclusions Adjusted associations between ACEs and asthma or anxiety appear stronger for Multiracial people than other groups. ACEs are universally harmful but may contribute disproportionately to morbidity in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy Lam-Hine
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology & Population Health, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Corinne A Riddell
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics and Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA
| | - Patrick T Bradshaw
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA
| | - Michael Omi
- University of California Berkeley Department of Ethnic Studies, Berkeley, CA
| | - Amani M Allen
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Division of Community Health Sciences and Division of Epidemiology, Berkeley, CA
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8
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Vezaldenos VA, Jacobs LA, Rivas-Drake D. Raising "Antiracist Disruptors": Illuminating Socialization Practices that Support Antiracism in Multiracial Households. RACE AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS 2023; 15:79-100. [PMID: 36741235 PMCID: PMC9891199 DOI: 10.1007/s12552-023-09389-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although an emerging body of literature has advanced our knowledge of how monoracial parents can support their multiracial children in understanding the ethnic-racial identities they hold, there is a dearth of research exploring how parents socialize their children towards antiracism. Drawing from ten interviews with monoracial parents of multiracial children, this paper illuminates how parents leverage multiracial socialization practices, as identified in previous academic research, to instill an antiracist orientation in their children. Using consensual qualitative analyses, we find that although all parents had a vested interest in the wellbeing and identity development of their multiracial children, parents qualitatively differed in their ability and willingness to instill an antiracist orientation in their children. Specifically, parents in our sample exhibited five approaches to multiracial socialization, ranging from those that reinforced dominant racial ideologies to those that explicitly aimed to prepare youth to become antiracist activists. We also describe how monoracial parents' lived experiences are implicated in their engagement in multiracial socialization practices, especially those that better position them to prepare their children to engage in antiracism. Our findings illuminate how monoracial parents may engage in a repertoire of strategies in order to foster antiracism in multiracial children, molding the next generation of "antiracist disruptors."
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Barajas-Gonzalez RG, Linares Torres H, Urcuyo A, Salamanca E, Kourousias L. Racialization, discrimination, and depression: A mixed-method study of the impact of an anti-immigrant climate on Latina immigrant mothers and their children. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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10
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Goodhines PA, Wedel AV, Dobani F, Zaso MJ, Gellis LA, Park A. Cannabis use for sleep aid among high school students: Concurrent and prospective associations with substance use and sleep problems. Addict Behav 2022; 134:107427. [PMID: 35872526 PMCID: PMC9999445 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents are at risk for both sleep problems and cannabis use. Despite emerging evidence for college students' self-medication with cannabis to help sleep, generalizability to earlier developmental stages remains unknown. This study remedied this literature gap by characterizing high school students' cannabis sleep aid use in terms of psychosocial correlates and prospective associations with substance use and sleep. METHODS Data were drawn froma longitudinal urban adolescent health behavior study, Project Teen, including 4079th-11thgraders(Year 1 Mage = 16.00 [SD = 1.08, range = 13-19]; 58% female; 41% Black, 22% White, 18% Asian, 17% multiracial,2% Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, 1% American Indian or Alaska Native; 12% Hispanic/Latinx). Students completed two web-based surveys (Minterval = 388.89 days [SD = 27.34]) assessingsubstance use and sleep at Year 1 (Y1) and Year 2 (Y2). RESULTS Students reporting lifetime cannabis sleep aid use (8%) endorsed greater depression and anxiety symptoms at Y1, as well as greater cannabis, alcohol, and cigarette use (but not insomnia symptoms or sleep durations) at Y1 and Y2, compared to non-using peers. Over one year, cannabis sleep aid use was associated with increased cannabis dependence symptoms among students using cannabis, past-2-week binge drinking among students using alcohol, and lifetime cigarette use. However, cannabis sleep aid use was not prospectively associated with changes in insomnia symptoms or sleep durations. CONCLUSIONS Although replication is needed, cannabis sleep aid use among high school students may be associated with exacerbated cannabis dependence symptoms and increased binge drinking and cigarette use over time, without the intended sleep benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia V Wedel
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Fatima Dobani
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Michelle J Zaso
- Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo - The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Les A Gellis
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA.
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11
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Wedel AV, Goodhines PA, Zaso MJ, Park A. Prospective Associations of Discrimination, Race, and Sexual Orientation with Substance Use in Adolescents. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:263-272. [PMID: 34809528 PMCID: PMC9132580 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2021.2002904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Adolescents are at high risk for alcohol and cannabis use. Emerging evidence suggests that discrimination exposure is prospectively associated with risk for alcohol use among adolescents of marginalized race, sexual orientation, or gender identity. However, it is unknown whether prospective discrimination-substance use associations among marginalized adolescents are also present for cannabis use. This study examined prospective associations of race, sexual orientation, and discrimination exposure with alcohol and cannabis use over one year. Methods: Data were drawn from a two-wave longitudinal health survey study of 9-11th graders (n = 350 for the current analyses; Year 1 Mage=15.95 [SD = 1.07, range = 13-19]; 44% male; 44% Black, 22% White, 18% Asian, 16% Multiracial; 16% LGB; 10% Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity) at an urban high school. Two multinomial logistic regressions examined associations of Year 1 race, sexual orientation, and discrimination experiences with Year 2 alcohol and cannabis consumption separately. Results: Year 1 Discrimination exposure was associated with increased risk for Year 2 past-year alcohol use among Asian (OR = 1.34) and past-month alcohol use among Multiracial (OR = 1.30) adolescents, but not Black or LGB adolescents. Discrimination exposure was not associated with any cannabis use pattern in any group. Independent of discrimination, LGB adolescents were at greater risk for monthly alcohol (OR = 3.48) and cannabis use (OR = 4.07) at Year 2. Conclusions: Discrimination exposure is prospectively associated with risk for alcohol use among adolescents of understudied (Asian, Multiracial) racial backgrounds, and should be considered in alcohol prevention and intervention strategies. Risk factors for alcohol and cannabis use among LGB adolescents should continue to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia V Wedel
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | - Michelle J Zaso
- Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo - The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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12
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Wedel AV, Cabot EP, Zaso MJ, Park A. Alcohol and Cannabis Use Milestones in Diverse Urban Adolescents: Associations with Demographics, Parental Rule Setting, Sibling and Peer Deviancy, and Outcome Expectancies. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1708-1719. [PMID: 35930431 PMCID: PMC9552532 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Alcohol and cannabis use progression milestones in adolescence (such as ages at first use, first intoxication and at onset of regular use) may inform the development of alcohol and cannabis use disorders. Although parent, sibling, and peer behavior and alcohol-related cognitions have been shown to be associated with alcohol milestone attainment, findings have been mixed; further, those factors' associations with cannabis use milestones are unknown. This study examined whether progression through such milestones differed as a function of perceived peer/sibling deviancy, parental rule-setting, and substance use outcome expectancies in a racially diverse adolescent sample.Methods: Data were drawn from a two-wave longitudinal health survey study of 9-11th graders (n = 355 for the current analyses; Mage=15.94 [SD = 1.07]; 44% male; 43% Black; 22% White; 18% Asian; 17% Multiracial; 10% Hispanic/Latinx ethnicity) at an urban high school. A series of logistic and proportional hazards regressions examined associations of peer/sibling deviancy, parental rule-setting, and outcome expectancies with age and attainment of alcohol/cannabis use milestones.Results: For both alcohol and cannabis, greater peer deviancy and positive expectancies were associated with higher odds of milestone attainment, while negative expectancies were associated with slower progression through milestones. For cannabis, but not alcohol, greater perceived sibling deviancy was positively associated with milestone attainment, while negative expectancies were associated with lower odds of milestone attainment.Conclusions: Perceived deviant behavior by peers and siblings, in addition to adolescents' expectancies for either alcohol or cannabis use, is associated with attainment and progression through key adolescent substance use milestones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia V Wedel
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
| | | | - Michelle J Zaso
- Clinical and Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo - The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
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13
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Combs D, Hsu CH, Bailey O, Patel SI, Mashaqi S, Estep L, Provencio-Dean N, Lopez S, Parthasarathy S. Differences in sleep timing and related effects between African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:897-908. [PMID: 33382030 PMCID: PMC8320474 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Prior studies have shown a morning chronotype for African Americans compared with non-Hispanic Whites, yet self-reported sleep timing is delayed in African Americans compared with Whites. METHODS We analyzed data from the Multi-Ethnicity Study of Atherosclerosis, a multisite community-based cohort. Self-reported and actigraphic sleep timing, chronotype measured by the modified Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and risk of depression measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale were examined using nonparametric approaches and linear or logistic regression while comparing between African Americans and Whites and evaluating the effects of delayed sleep phase. RESULTS In 1,401 participants, there was no difference in chronotype between African Americans and Whites. African Americans were 80% more likely to report a delayed sleep phase (defined as bedtime after midnight) on weekdays and 50% more likely on weekends than were Whites. Actigraphic data showed similar results. Actigraphic midsleep time was delayed 38 minutes on weekdays and 24 minutes on weekends in African Americans compared with Whites. Stratified analysis by chronotype showed that African Americans with a morning or intermediate chronotype had a significantly delayed sleep phase compared with Whites, but there was no difference between African Americans and Whites with an evening chronotype. Delayed sleep phase was associated with depression, but this relationship was only significant in White participants. CONCLUSIONS African Americans had a delayed sleep phase compared with Whites that was more pronounced in individuals with a morning or intermediate chronotype. Consequences of delayed sleep phase may vary by race and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Combs
- UAHS Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Chiu-Hsieh Hsu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Omavi Bailey
- UAHS Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Salma I. Patel
- UAHS Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Saif Mashaqi
- UAHS Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Lauren Estep
- UAHS Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Natalie Provencio-Dean
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Silvia Lopez
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- UAHS Center for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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