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Rodrigues M, Forestan C, Ravazzolo L, Hugueney P, Baltenweck R, Rasori A, Cardillo V, Carraro P, Malagoli M, Brizzolara S, Quaggiotti S, Porro D, Meggio F, Bonghi C, Battista F, Ruperti B. Metabolic and Molecular Rearrangements of Sauvignon Blanc ( Vitis vinifera L.) Berries in Response to Foliar Applications of Specific Dry Yeast. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3423. [PMID: 37836164 PMCID: PMC10574919 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Dry yeast extracts (DYE) are applied to vineyards to improve aromatic and secondary metabolic compound content and wine quality; however, systematic information on the underpinning molecular mechanisms is lacking. This work aimed to unravel, through a systematic approach, the metabolic and molecular responses of Sauvignon Blanc berries to DYE treatments. To accomplish this, DYE spraying was performed in a commercial vineyard for two consecutive years. Berries were sampled at several time points after the treatment, and grapes were analyzed for sugars, acidity, free and bound aroma precursors, amino acids, and targeted and untargeted RNA-Seq transcriptional profiles. The results obtained indicated that the DYE treatment did not interfere with the technological ripening parameters of sugars and acidity. Some aroma precursors, including cys-3MH and GSH-3MH, responsible for the typical aromatic nuances of Sauvignon Blanc, were stimulated by the treatment during both vintages. The levels of amino acids and the global RNA-seq transcriptional profiles indicated that DYE spraying upregulated ROS homeostatic and thermotolerance genes, as well as ethylene and jasmonic acid biosynthetic genes, and activated abiotic and biotic stress responses. Overall, the data suggested that the DYE reduced berry oxidative stress through the regulation of specific subsets of metabolic and hormonal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Rodrigues
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Cristian Forestan
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Laura Ravazzolo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Philippe Hugueney
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), SVQV UMR A1131, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; (P.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Raymonde Baltenweck
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), SVQV UMR A1131, University of Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France; (P.H.); (R.B.)
| | - Angela Rasori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Valerio Cardillo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Pietro Carraro
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Mario Malagoli
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Stefano Brizzolara
- Crop Science Research Center, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Silvia Quaggiotti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Duilio Porro
- Technology Transfer Centre, Edmund Mach Foundation, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all ‘Adige, Italy;
| | - Franco Meggio
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | - Claudio Bonghi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Benedetto Ruperti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, 35020 Padova, Italy; (M.R.); (L.R.); (A.R.); (V.C.); (P.C.); (M.M.); (S.Q.); (F.M.); (C.B.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), University of Padova, Via XXVIII Aprile 14, Conegliano, 31015 Treviso, Italy
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Kumari VV, Banerjee P, Verma VC, Sukumaran S, Chandran MAS, Gopinath KA, Venkatesh G, Yadav SK, Singh VK, Awasthi NK. Plant Nutrition: An Effective Way to Alleviate Abiotic Stress in Agricultural Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158519. [PMID: 35955651 PMCID: PMC9368943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
By the year 2050, the world’s population is predicted to have grown to around 9–10 billion people. The food demand in many countries continues to increase with population growth. Various abiotic stresses such as temperature, soil salinity and moisture all have an impact on plant growth and development at all levels of plant growth, including the overall plant, tissue cell, and even sub-cellular level. These abiotic stresses directly harm plants by causing protein denaturation and aggregation as well as increased fluidity of membrane lipids. In addition to direct effects, indirect damage also includes protein synthesis inhibition, protein breakdown, and membranous loss in chloroplasts and mitochondria. Abiotic stress during the reproductive stage results in flower drop, pollen sterility, pollen tube deformation, ovule abortion, and reduced yield. Plant nutrition is one of the most effective ways of reducing abiotic stress in agricultural crops. In this paper, we have discussed the effectiveness of different nutrients for alleviating abiotic stress. The roles of primary nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), secondary nutrients (calcium, magnesium and sulphur), micronutrients (zinc, boron, iron and copper), and beneficial nutrients (cobalt, selenium and silicon) in alleviating abiotic stress in crop plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopalan Visha Kumari
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Purabi Banerjee
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyala, Mohanpur 741251, India;
| | - Vivek Chandra Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar 263145, India;
| | - Suvana Sukumaran
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Malamal Alickal Sarath Chandran
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Kodigal A. Gopinath
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.A.G.); (V.K.S.)
| | - Govindarajan Venkatesh
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Sushil Kumar Yadav
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Vinod Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.A.G.); (V.K.S.)
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Deng C, Deng S, Li N, Zhao C, Zhao R, Liang S, Chen S. The Arabidopsis Ca 2+-Dependent Protein Kinase CPK12 Is Involved in Plant Response to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124062. [PMID: 30558245 PMCID: PMC6321221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CDPKs (Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinases) are very important regulators in plant response to abiotic stress. The molecular regulatory mechanism of CDPKs involved in salt stress tolerance remains unclear, although some CDPKs have been identified in salt-stress signaling. Here, we investigated the function of an Arabidopsis CDPK, CPK12, in salt-stress signaling. The CPK12-RNA interference (RNAi) mutant was much more sensitive to salt stress than the wild-type plant GL1 in terms of seedling growth. Under NaCl treatment, Na+ levels in the roots of CPK12-RNAi plants increased and were higher than levels in GL1 plants. In addition, the level of salt-elicited H2O2 production was higher in CPK12-RNAi mutants than in wild-type GL1 plants after NaCl treatment. Collectively, our results suggest that CPK12 is required for plant adaptation to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chen Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shurong Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Nianfei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chenjing Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Rui Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shan Liang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Shaoliang Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Functional characterization of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) 2 gene from oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in regulating reactive oxygen species signaling and cell death control. Gene 2018; 651:49-56. [PMID: 29408396 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs), being Ser/Thr protein kinases found only in plants and some protozoans are calcium sensors that regulate diverse biological processes. However, the function and mode of CPKs in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) remain elusive. In this study, we identified CPK2 from oilseed rape as a novel regulator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death. BnaCPK2 was identified to be located at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Expression of BnaCPK2 was induced during Bax-induced cell death. Overexpression of the constitutively active form of BnaCPK2 led to significantly more accumulation of ROS and cell death than the full-length CPK2, which is supported by various measurements of physiological data. In addition, a quantitative RT-PCR survey revealed that the expression levels of a few marker genes are significantly changed as a result of CPK2 expression. Mating-based split ubiquitin system (mbSUS) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) were used to screen and confirm the BnaCPK2 interacting proteins. We identified and confirmed that CPK2 interacted with NADPH oxidase-like respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD), but not with RbohF. Based on its function and interacting partners, we propose that BnaCPK2 plays an important role in ROS and cell death control through interacting with RbohD.
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Zhu K, Wang X, Liu J, Tang J, Cheng Q, Chen JG, Cheng ZM(M. The grapevine kinome: annotation, classification and expression patterns in developmental processes and stress responses. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2018; 5:19. [PMID: 29619230 PMCID: PMC5878832 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-018-0027-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases (PKs) have evolved as the largest family of molecular switches that regulate protein activities associated with almost all essential cellular functions. Only a fraction of plant PKs, however, have been functionally characterized even in model plant species. In the present study, the entire grapevine kinome was identified and annotated using the most recent version of the grapevine genome. A total of 1168 PK-encoding genes were identified and classified into 20 groups and 121 families, with the RLK-Pelle group being the largest, with 872 members. The 1168 kinase genes were unevenly distributed over all 19 chromosomes, and both tandem and segmental duplications contributed to the expansion of the grapevine kinome, especially of the RLK-Pelle group. Ka/Ks values indicated that most of the tandem and segmental duplication events were under purifying selection. The grapevine kinome families exhibited different expression patterns during plant development and in response to various stress treatments, with many being coexpressed. The comprehensive annotation of grapevine kinase genes, their patterns of expression and coexpression, and the related information facilitate a more complete understanding of the roles of various grapevine kinases in growth and development, responses to abiotic stress, and evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Zhu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Jinyi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014 China
| | - Qunkang Cheng
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA
| | - Zong-Ming (Max) Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
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Passamani LZ, Barbosa RR, Reis RS, Heringer AS, Rangel PL, Santa-Catarina C, Grativol C, Veiga CFM, Souza-Filho GA, Silveira V. Salt stress induces changes in the proteomic profile of micropropagated sugarcane shoots. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176076. [PMID: 28419154 PMCID: PMC5395195 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most common stresses in agricultural regions worldwide. In particular, sugarcane is affected by salt stress conditions, and no sugarcane cultivar presently show high productivity accompanied by a tolerance to salt stress. Proteomic analysis allows elucidation of the important pathways involved in responses to various abiotic stresses at the biochemical and molecular levels. Thus, this study aimed to analyse the proteomic effects of salt stress in micropropagated shoots of two sugarcane cultivars (CB38-22 and RB855536) using a label-free proteomic approach. The mass spectrometry proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006075. The RB855536 cultivar is more tolerant to salt stress than CB38-22. A quantitative label-free shotgun proteomic analysis identified 1172 non-redundant proteins, and 1160 of these were observed in both cultivars in the presence or absence of NaCl. Compared with CB38-22, the RB855536 cultivar showed a greater abundance of proteins involved in non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms, ion transport, and photosynthesis. Some proteins, such as calcium-dependent protein kinase, photosystem I, phospholipase D, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, were more abundant in the RB855536 cultivar under salt stress. Our results provide new insights into the response of sugarcane to salt stress, and the changes in the abundance of these proteins might be important for the acquisition of ionic and osmotic homeostasis during exposure to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Z. Passamani
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberta R. Barbosa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S. Reis
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Angelo S. Heringer
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia L. Rangel
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Clícia Grativol
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, CBB, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos F. M. Veiga
- Laboratório de Cultura de Tecidos Vegetais (Biofábrica), Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Campus Campos dos Goytacazes, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gonçalo A. Souza-Filho
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanildo Silveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (CBB), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- Unidade de Biologia Integrativa, Setor de Genômica e Proteômica, UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Fedorowicz-Strońska O, Koczyk G, Kaczmarek M, Krajewski P, Sadowski J. Genome-wide identification, characterisation and expression profiles of calcium-dependent protein kinase genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). J Appl Genet 2016; 58:11-22. [PMID: 27447459 PMCID: PMC5243917 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-016-0357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In plant cells, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important sensors of Ca2+ flux resulting from various environmental stresses like cold, drought or salt stress. Previous genome sequence analysis and comparative studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) defined a multi-gene family of CDPKs. Here, we identified and characterised the CDPK gene complement of the model plant, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Comparative analysis encompassed phylogeny reconstruction based on newly available barley genome sequence, as well as established model genomes (e.g. O. sativa, A. thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon). Functional gene copies possessed characteristic CDPK domain architecture, including a serine/threonine kinase domain and four regulatory EF-hand motifs. In silico verification was followed by measurements of transcript abundance via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relative expression of CDPK genes was determined in the vegetative growth stage under intensifying drought stress conditions. The majority of barley CDPK genes showed distinct changes in patterns of expression during exposure to stress. Our study constitutes evidence for involvement of the barley CDPK gene complement in signal transduction pathways relating to adaptation to drought. Our bioinformatics and transcriptomic analyses will provide an important foundation for further functional dissection of the barley CDPK gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Fedorowicz-Strońska
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Koczyk
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kaczmarek
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jan Sadowski
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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Sędzielewska Toro K, Brachmann A. The effector candidate repertoire of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus clarus. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:101. [PMID: 26861502 PMCID: PMC4746824 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form an ecologically important symbiosis with more than two thirds of studied land plants. Recent studies of plant-pathogen interactions showed that effector proteins play a key role in host colonization by controlling the plant immune system. We hypothesise that also for symbiotic-plant interactions the secreted effectome of the fungus is a major component of communication and the conservation level of effector proteins between AMF species may be indicative whether they play a fundamental role. Results In this study, we used a bioinformatics pipeline to predict and compare the effector candidate repertoire of the two AMF species, Rhizophagus irregularis and Rhizophagus clarus. Our in silico pipeline revealed a list of 220 R. irregularis candidate effector genes that create a valuable information source to elucidate the mechanism of plant infection and colonization by fungi during AMF symbiotic interaction. While most of the candidate effectors show no homologies to known domains or proteins, the candidates with homologies point to potential roles in signal transduction, cell wall modification or transcription regulation. A remarkable aspect of our work is presence of a large portion of the effector proteins involved in symbiosis, which are not unique to each fungi or plant species, but shared along the Glomeromycota phylum. For 95 % of R. irregularis candidates we found homologs in a R. clarus genome draft generated by Illumina high-throughput sequencing. Interestingly, 9 % of the predicted effectors are at least as conserved between the two Rhizophagus species as proteins with housekeeping functions (similarity > 90 %). Therefore, we state that this group of highly conserved effector proteins between AMF species may play a fundamental role during fungus-plant interaction. Conclusions We hypothesise that in symbiotic interactions the secreted effectome of the fungus might be an important component of communication. Identification and functional characterization of the primary AMF effectors that regulate symbiotic development will help in understanding the mechanisms of fungus-plant interaction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-2422-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sędzielewska Toro
- Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Andreas Brachmann
- Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
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Dubrovina AS, Kiselev KV, Khristenko VS, Aleynova OA. VaCPK20, a calcium-dependent protein kinase gene of wild grapevine Vitis amurensis Rupr., mediates cold and drought stress tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 185:1-12. [PMID: 26264965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, cold and heat, are major environmental factors that limit crop productivity. Vitis amurensis Rupr. is a wild grapevine species displaying a high level of abiotic and biotic stress resistance. Protein kinases, including Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), are known to mediate plant acclimation to various environmental changes. However, the functions of most grape CDPKs have not been clarified. A recent CDPK gene expression analysis revealed that 10 CDPK genes of V. amurensis were up-regulated under different abiotic stress treatments. The expression of the VaCPK20 gene was significantly up-regulated under low and high temperature stress in V. amurensis. In the current study, the effects of overexpressing the VaCPK20 gene in callus cell lines of V. amurensis and transgenic plants of A. thaliana on their responses to abiotic stresses were investigated. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing the VaCPK20 gene showed higher tolerance to freezing and drought stresses, and transgenic grape cell cultures overexpressing the VaCPK20 gene showed higher resistance to cold stress in comparison with the controls transformed by the "empty" vector. Heat and salt stress resistance of the transgenic V. amurensis calli and A. thaliana was comparable to that of the wild type and vector controls. Overexpression of the VaCPK20 gene increased the expression of stress-responsive genes, such as COR47, NHX1, KIN1, or ABF3, in the transgenic Arabidopsis plants under non-stress conditions, after freezing, and under drought stress. The results imply that VaCPK20 may act as a regulatory factor involved in cold and drought stress response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Dubrovina
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Konstantin V Kiselev
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; Far Eastern Federal University, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vladivostok 690090, Russia
| | - Valeriya S Khristenko
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia; Far Eastern Federal University, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vladivostok 690090, Russia
| | - Olga A Aleynova
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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10
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Zhang H, Liu WZ, Zhang Y, Deng M, Niu F, Yang B, Wang X, Wang B, Liang W, Deyholos MK, Jiang YQ. Identification, expression and interaction analyses of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) genes in canola (Brassica napus L.). BMC Genomics 2014; 15:211. [PMID: 24646378 PMCID: PMC4000008 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Canola (Brassica napus L.) is one of the most important oil-producing crops in China and worldwide. The yield and quality of canola is frequently threatened by environmental stresses including drought, cold and high salinity. Calcium is a well-known ubiquitous intracellular secondary messenger in plants. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are Ser/Thr protein kinases found only in plants and some protozoans. CPKs are Ca2+ sensors that have both Ca2+ sensing function and kinase activity within a single protein and play crucial roles in plant development and responses to various environmental stresses. RESULTS In this study, we mined the available expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of B. napus and identified a total of 25 CPK genes, among which cDNA sequences of 23 genes were successfully cloned from a double haploid cultivar of canola. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that they could be clustered into four subgroups. The subcellular localization of five selected BnaCPKs was determined using green fluorescence protein (GFP) as the reporter. Furthermore, the expression levels of 21 BnaCPK genes in response to salt, drought, cold, heat, abscisic acid (ABA), low potassium (LK) and oxidative stress were studied by quantitative RT-PCR and were found to respond to multiple stimuli, suggesting that canola CPKs may be convergence points of different signaling pathways. We also identified and cloned five and eight Clade A basic leucine zipper (bZIP) and protein phosphatase type 2C (PP2C) genes from canola and, using yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), determined the interaction between individual BnaCPKs and BnabZIPs or BnaPP2Cs (Clade A). We identified novel, interesting interaction partners for some of the BnaCPK proteins. CONCLUSION We present the sequences and characterization of CPK gene family members in canola for the first time. This work provides a foundation for further crop improvement and improved understanding of signal transduction in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wu-Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fangfang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Boya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wanwan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Michael K Deyholos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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11
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Chen F, Fasoli M, Tornielli GB, Dal Santo S, Pezzotti M, Zhang L, Cai B, Cheng ZM. The evolutionary history and diverse physiological roles of the grapevine calcium-dependent protein kinase gene family. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80818. [PMID: 24324631 PMCID: PMC3855637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are molecular switches that bind Ca2+, ATP, and protein substrates, acting as sensor relays and responders that convert Ca2+ signals, created by developmental processes and environmental stresses, into phosphorylation events. The precise functions of the CDPKs in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) are largely unknown. We therefore investigated the phylogenetic relationships and expression profiles of the 17 CDPK genes identified in the 12x grapevine genome sequence, resolving them into four subfamilies based on phylogenetic tree topology and gene structures. The origins of the CDPKs during grapevine evolution were characterized, involving 13 expansion events. Transcriptomic analysis using 54 tissues and developmental stages revealed three types of CDPK gene expression profiles: constitutive (housekeeping CDPKs), partitioned functions, and prevalent in pollen/stamen. We identified two duplicated CDPK genes that had evolved from housekeeping to pollen-prevalent functions and whose origin correlated with that of seed plants, suggesting neofunctionalization with an important role in pollen development and also potential value in the breeding of seedless varieties. We also found that CDPKs were involved in three abiotic stress signaling pathways and could therefore be used to investigate the crosstalk between stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Marianna Fasoli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Dal Santo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Bin Cai
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zong-Ming Cheng
- Fruit Crop Systems Biology Laboratory, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Dubrovina AS, Kiselev KV, Khristenko VS. Expression of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) genes under abiotic stress conditions in wild-growing grapevine Vitis amurensis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 170:1491-500. [PMID: 23886738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), which are important sensors of Ca(2+) flux in plants, are known to play essential roles in plant development and adaptation to abiotic stresses. In the present work, we studied expression of CDPK genes under osmotic and temperature stress treatments in wild-growing grapevine Vitis amurensis Rupr., which is known to possess high adaptive potential and a high level of resistance against adverse environmental conditions. In this study, using RT-PCR with degenerate primers, DNA sequencing and frequency analysis of RT-PCR products, we identified 13 CDPK genes that are actively expressed in healthy V. amurensis cuttings under high salt, high mannitol, desiccation, and temperature stress conditions. 12 CDPKs, namely VaCPK1, VaCPK2, VaCPK3, VaCPK9, VaCPK13, VaCPK16, VaCPK20, VaCPK21, VaCPK25, VaCPK26, VaCPK29 and VaCPK30, were novel for Vitaceae, and their full cDNAs were obtained and described. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR demonstrated that mRNA levels of 10 VaCPK genes were differentially up-regulated under the osmotic and temperature stress treatments, while the abundance of 3 VaCPK transcript variants, VaCPK3a, VaCPK25, and VaCPK30, was not markedly changed. Expression profiling of the VaCPK genes in leaves, leaf petioles, stems, inflorescences, berries, and seeds of V. amurensis revealed that the genes exhibit different organ-specific expression patterns. The stimulatory effect of abiotic stress on the expression of the VaCPK1, 2, 3, 9, 13, 16, 20, 21, 26, and VaCPK29 genes is suggestive of their implication in the grapevine response to osmotic and temperature stresses, while the variability in their organ-specific expression patterns indicates that the enzymes perform distinct biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra S Dubrovina
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
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13
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Dong CH, Hong Y. Arabidopsis CDPK6 phosphorylates ADF1 at N-terminal serine 6 predominantly. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:1715-28. [PMID: 23903947 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We found that Arabidopsis AtADF1 was phosphorylated by AtCDPK6 at serine 6 predominantly and the phosphoregulation plays a key role in the regulation of ADF1-mediated depolymerization of actin filaments. ABSTRACT Since actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) is highly conserved among eukaryotes, it is one of the key modulators for actin organization. In plants, ADF is directly involved in the depolymerization of actin filaments, and therefore important for F-actin-dependent cellular activities. The activity of ADF is tightly controlled through a number of molecular mechanisms, including phosphorylation-mediated inactivation of ADF. To investigate Arabidopsis ADF1 phosphoregulation, we generated AtADF1 phosphorylation site-specific mutants. Using transient expression and stable transgenic approaches, we analyzed the ADF1 phosphorylation mutants in the regulation of actin filament organizations in plant cells. By in vitro phosphorylation assay, we showed that AtADF1 is phosphorylated by AtCDPK6 at serine 6 predominantly. Chemically induced expression of AtCDPK6 can negatively regulate the wild-type AtADF1 in depolymerizing actin filaments, but not those of the mutants AtADF1(S6A) and AtADF1(S6D). These results demonstrate a regulatory function of Arabidopsis CDPK6 in the N-terminal phosphorylation of AtADF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hai Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China,
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14
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Zhao MM, Zhang G, Zhang DW, Hsiao YY, Guo SX. ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72705. [PMID: 23967335 PMCID: PMC3742586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrobiumofficinale (Orchidaceae) is one of the world's most endangered plants with great medicinal value. In nature, D. officinale seeds must establish symbiotic relationships with fungi to germinate. However, the molecular events involved in the interaction between fungus and plant during this process are poorly understood. To isolate the genes involved in symbiotic germination, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of symbiotically germinated D. officinale seeds was constructed. From this library, 1437 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were clustered to 1074 Unigenes (including 902 singletons and 172 contigs), which were searched against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) protein database (E-value cutoff, e(-5)). Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, 579 differentially expressed genes in D. officinale were identified and classified into different functional categories by Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The expression levels of 15 selected genes emblematic of symbiotic germination were confirmed via real-time quantitative PCR. These genes were classified into various categories, including defense and stress response, metabolism, transcriptional regulation, transport process and signal transduction pathways. All transcripts were upregulated in the symbiotically germinated seeds (SGS). The functions of these genes in symbiotic germination were predicted. Furthermore, two fungus-induced calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), which were upregulated 6.76- and 26.69-fold in SGS compared with un-germinated seeds (UGS), were cloned from D. officinale and characterized for the first time. This study provides the first global overview of genes putatively involved in D. officinale symbiotic seed germination and provides a foundation for further functional research regarding symbiotic relationships in orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Medical Laboratory College, Beihua University, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Yun Hsiao
- Department of Life Sciences, Orchid Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Xing Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Kiselev KV, Dubrovina AS, Shumakova OA, Karetin YA, Manyakhin AY. Structure and expression profiling of a novel calcium-dependent protein kinase gene, CDPK3a, in leaves, stems, grapes, and cell cultures of wild-growing grapevine Vitis amurensis Rupr. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:431-42. [PMID: 23233131 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-012-1375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE : VaCDPK3a is actively expressed in leaves, stems, inflorescences, and berries of Vitis amurensis and may act as a positive growth regulator, but is not involved in the regulation of resveratrol biosynthesis. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are known to play important roles in plant development and defense against biotic and abiotic stresses. It has previously been shown that CDPK3a is the predominant CDPK transcript in cell cultures of wild-growing grapevine Vitis amurensis Rupr., which is known to possess high resistance against environmental stresses and to produce resveratrol, a polyphenol with valuable pharmacological effects. In this study, we aimed to define the full cDNA sequence of VaCDPK3a and analyze its organ-specific expression, responses to plant hormones, temperature stress and exogenous NaCl, and the effects of VaCDPK3a overexpression on biomass accumulation and resveratrol content in V. amurensis calli. VaCDPK3a was actively expressed in all analyzed V. amurensis organs and tissues and was not transcriptionally regulated by salt and temperature stresses. The highest VaCDPK3a expression was detected in young leaves and the lowest in stems. A reduction in the VaCDPK3a expression correlated with a lower rate of biomass accumulation and higher resveratrol content in calli of V. amurensis under different growth conditions. Overexpression of the VaCDPK3a gene in the V. amurensis calli significantly increased cell growth for a short period of time but did not have an effect on resveratrol production. Further subculturing of the transformed calli resulted in cell death and a decrease in expression of the endogenous VaCDPK3a. The data suggest that while VaCDPK3a acts as a positive regulator of V. amurensis cell growth, it is not involved in the signaling pathway regulating resveratrol biosynthesis and resistance to salt and temperature stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Kiselev
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
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16
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Boudsocq M, Sheen J. CDPKs in immune and stress signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 18:30-40. [PMID: 22974587 PMCID: PMC3534830 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) has long been recognized as a conserved second messenger and principal mediator in plant immune and stress responses. How Ca(2+) signals are sensed and relayed into diverse primary and global signaling events is still largely unknown. Comprehensive analyses of the plant-specific multigene family of Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are unraveling the molecular, cellular and genetic mechanisms of Ca(2+) signaling. CDPKs, which exhibit overlapping and distinct expression patterns, sub-cellular localizations, substrate specificities and Ca(2+) sensitivities, play versatile roles in the activation and repression of enzymes, channels and transcription factors. Here, we review the recent advances on the multifaceted functions of CDPKs in the complex immune and stress signaling networks, including oxidative burst, stomatal movements, hormonal signaling and gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Boudsocq
- Unité de Recherche en Génomique Végétale, INRA-UEVE UMR1165, CNRS ERL8196, Evry, France.
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Fujii H, Zhu JK. Osmotic stress signaling via protein kinases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:3165-73. [PMID: 22828864 PMCID: PMC3438365 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1087-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 07/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Plants face various kinds of environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, and low temperature, which cause osmotic stress. An understanding of the plant signaling pathways that respond to osmotic stress is important for both basic biology and agriculture. In this review, we summarize recent investigations concerning the SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK) 2 kinase family, which play central roles in osmotic stress responses. SnRK2s are activated by osmotic stress, and a mutant lacking SnRK2s is hypersensitive to osmotic stress. Many questions remain about the signaling pathway upstream and downstream of SnRK2s. Because some SnRK2s also functions in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, which has recently been well clarified, study of SnRK2s in ABA signaling can provide clues regarding their roles in osmotic stress signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujii
- Molecular Plant Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, Finland.
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18
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Ruan SL, Ma HS, Wang SH, Fu YP, Xin Y, Liu WZ, Wang F, Tong JX, Wang SZ, Chen HZ. Proteomic identification of OsCYP2, a rice cyclophilin that confers salt tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings when overexpressed. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2011; 11:34. [PMID: 21324151 PMCID: PMC3050798 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-11-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High Salinity is a major environmental stress influencing growth and development of rice. Comparative proteomic analysis of hybrid rice shoot proteins from Shanyou 10 seedlings, a salt-tolerant hybrid variety, and Liangyoupeijiu seedlings, a salt-sensitive hybrid variety, was performed to identify new components involved in salt-stress signaling. RESULTS Phenotypic analysis of one protein that was upregulated during salt-induced stress, cyclophilin 2 (OsCYP2), indicated that OsCYP2 transgenic rice seedlings had better tolerance to salt stress than did wild-type seedlings. Interestingly, wild-type seedlings exhibited a marked reduction in maximal photochemical efficiency under salt stress, whereas no such change was observed for OsCYP2-transgenic seedlings. OsCYP2-transgenic seedlings had lower levels of lipid peroxidation products and higher activities of antioxidant enzymes than wild-type seedlings. Spatiotemporal expression analysis of OsCYP2 showed that it could be induced by salt stress in both Shanyou 10 and Liangyoupeijiu seedlings, but Shanyou 10 seedlings showed higher OsCYP2 expression levels. Moreover, circadian rhythm expression of OsCYP2 in Shanyou 10 seedlings occurred earlier than in Liangyoupeijiu seedlings. Treatment with PEG, heat, or ABA induced OsCYP2 expression in Shanyou 10 seedlings but inhibited its expression in Liangyoupeijiu seedlings. Cold stress inhibited OsCYP2 expression in Shanyou 10 and Liangyoupeijiu seedlings. In addition, OsCYP2 was strongly expressed in shoots but rarely in roots in two rice hybrid varieties. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data suggest that OsCYP2 may act as a key regulator that controls ROS level by modulating activities of antioxidant enzymes at translation level. OsCYP2 expression is not only induced by salt stress, but also regulated by circadian rhythm. Moreover, OsCYP2 is also likely to act as a key component that is involved in signal pathways of other types of stresses-PEG, heat, cold, or ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Lin Ruan
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Hua-Sheng Ma
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Shi-Heng Wang
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Ya Xin
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Wen-Zhen Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Fang Wang
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Tong
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Shu-Zhen Wang
- Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics Lab, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, PR China
| | - Hui-Zhe Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
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Abstract
The past two decades revealed a plethora of Ca2+-responsive proteins and downstream targets in plants, of which several are unique to plants. More recent high-throughput 'omics' approaches and bioinformatics are exposing Ca2+-responsive cis-elements and the corresponding Ca2+-responsive genes. Here, we review the current knowledge on Ca2+-signaling pathways that regulate gene expression in plants, and we link these to mechanisms by which plants respond to biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Galon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University 69978, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Conn S, Gilliham M. Comparative physiology of elemental distributions in plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2010; 105:1081-102. [PMID: 20410048 PMCID: PMC2887064 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcq027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants contain relatively few cell types, each contributing a specialized role in shaping plant function. With respect to plant nutrition, different cell types accumulate certain elements in varying amounts within their storage vacuole. The role and mechanisms underlying cell-specific distribution of elements in plants is poorly understood. SCOPE The phenomenon of cell-specific elemental accumulation has been briefly reviewed previously, but recent technological advances with the potential to probe mechanisms underlying elemental compartmentation have warranted an updated evaluation. We have taken this opportunity to catalogue many of the studies, and techniques used for, recording cell-specific compartmentation of particular elements. More importantly, we use three case-study elements (Ca, Cd and Na) to highlight the basis of such phenomena in terms of their physiological implications and underpinning mechanisms; we also link such distributions to the expression of known ion or solute transporters. CONCLUSIONS Element accumulation patterns are clearly defined by expression of key ion or solute transporters. Although the location of element accumulation is fairly robust, alterations in expression of certain solute transporters, through genetic modifications or by growth under stress, result in perturbations to these patterns. However, redundancy or induced pleiotropic expression effects may complicate attempts to characterize the pathways that lead to cell-specific elemental distribution. Accumulation of one element often has consequences on the accumulation of others, which seems to be driven largely to maintain vacuolar and cytoplasmic osmolarity and charge balance, and also serves as a detoxification mechanism. Altered cell-specific transcriptomics can be shown, in part, to explain some of this compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Conn
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
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Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a vital role as second messengers in plant cells during various developmental processes and in response to environmental stimuli. Plants have evolved a diversity of unique proteins that bind Ca2+ using the evolutionarily conserved EF-hand motif. The currently held hypothesis is that these proteins function as Ca2+ sensors by undergoing conformational changes in response to Ca2+-binding that facilitate their regulation of target proteins and thereby co-ordinate various signalling pathways. The three main classes of these EF-hand Ca2+sensors in plants are CaMs [calmodulins; including CMLs (CaM-like proteins)], CDPKs (calcium-dependent protein kinases) and CBLs (calcineurin B-like proteins). In the plant species examined to date, each of these classes is represented by a large family of proteins, most of which have not been characterized biochemically and whose physiological roles remain unclear. In the present review, we discuss recent advances in research on CaMs and CMLs, CDPKs and CBLs, and we attempt to integrate the current knowledge on the different sensor classes into common physiological themes.
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Identification of proteins that interact with catalytically active calcium-dependent protein kinases from Arabidopsis. Mol Genet Genomics 2009; 281:375-90. [PMID: 19130088 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-008-0419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Accepted: 12/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are essential sensor-transducers of calcium signaling pathways in plants. Functional characterization of CDPKs is of great interest because they play important roles during growth, development, and in response to a wide range of environmental stimuli. The Arabidopsis genome encodes 34 CDPKs, but very few substrates of these enzymes have been identified. In this study, we exploited the unique characteristics of CDPKs to develop an efficient approach for the discovery of CDPK-interacting proteins. High-throughput, semi-automated yeast two-hybrid interaction screens with two different cDNA libraries each containing 18 million prey clones were performed using catalytically impaired and constitutively active AtCPK4 and AtCPK11 variants as baits. The use of the constitutively active versions of the CPK baits improved the recovery of positive interacting proteins relative to the wild type kinase. Titration of interaction strength by growth under increasing concentrations of 3-aminotriazole (3-AT), a histidine analog and competitive inhibitor of the His3 gene product, confirmed these results. Possible mechanisms for this observed improvement are discussed. The reproducibility of this approach was assessed by the overlap of several interacting proteins of AtCPK4 and AtCPK11 and the recovery of several putative substrates and indicated that yeast two-hybrid screens using constitutively active and/or catalytically impaired forms of CDPK provides a useful tool to identify potential substrates of the CDPK family and potentially the entire protein kinase superfamily.
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23
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Huang QS, Wang HY, Gao P, Wang GY, Xia GX. Cloning and characterization of a calcium dependent protein kinase gene associated with cotton fiber development. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2008; 27:1869-1875. [PMID: 18781305 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-008-0603-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2008] [Revised: 08/01/2008] [Accepted: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The gene GhCPK1 encoding a calcium dependent protein kinase was identified from cotton. Transcripts of GhCPK1 accumulated primarily in the elongating fiber, and Arabidopsis plants transformed with GhCPK1 promoter-GUS construct exhibited GUS activity mainly in the developing trichomes, roots, young leaves and sepals. In the bombarded onion epidermal cells, GhCPK1-GFP fusion proteins showed a subcellular distribution in the plasma membrane. In vitro assays indicated that GhCPK1 was a functional calcium-dependent kinase able to undergo autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of the known substrate histone III-S. Together, these results suggest that GhCPK1 may play a role in the calcium signaling events associated with fiber elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan-Sheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
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24
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Kiselev KV, Gorpenchenko TY, Tchernoded GK, Dubrovina AS, Grishchenko OV, Bulgakov VP, Zhuravlev YN. Calcium-dependent mechanism of somatic embryogenesis in Panax ginseng cell cultures expressing the rolC oncogene. Mol Biol 2008. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893308020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Li AL, Zhu YF, Tan XM, Wang X, Wei B, Guo HZ, Zhang ZL, Chen XB, Zhao GY, Kong XY, Jia JZ, Mao L. Evolutionary and functional study of the CDPK gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2008; 66:429-43. [PMID: 18185910 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-007-9281-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 12/21/2007] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are crucial sensors of calcium concentration changes in plant cells under diverse endogenous and environmental stimuli. We identified 20 CDPK genes from bread wheat and performed a comprehensive study on their structural, functional and evolutionary characteristics. Full-length cDNA sequences of 14 CDPKs were obtained using various approaches. Wheat CDPKs were found to be similar to their counterparts in rice in genomic structure, GC content, subcellular localization, and subgroup classification. Divergence time estimation of wheat CDPK gene pairs and wheat-rice orthologs suggested that most duplicated genes already existed in the common ancestor of wheat and rice. The number of CDPKs in diploid wheat genome was estimated to be at least 26, a number close to that in rice, Arabidopsis, and poplar. However, polymorphism among EST sequences uncovered transcripts of all three homoeologous alleles for 13 out of 20 CDPKs. Thus, the hexaploid wheat should have 2-3 fold more CDPK genes expressing in their cells than the diploid species. Wheat CDPK genes were found to respond to various biotic and abiotic stimuli, including cold, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), salt, drought, powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis tritici, Bgt), as well as phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA). Each CDPK gene often responded to multiple treatments, suggesting that wheat CDPKs are converging points for multiple signal transduction pathways. The current work represents the first comprehensive study of CDPK genes in bread wheat and provides a foundation for further functional study of this important gene family in Triticeae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Li Li
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & Biotechnology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
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26
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Zhu SY, Yu XC, Wang XJ, Zhao R, Li Y, Fan RC, Shang Y, Du SY, Wang XF, Wu FQ, Xu YH, Zhang XY, Zhang DP. Two calcium-dependent protein kinases, CPK4 and CPK11, regulate abscisic acid signal transduction in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2007; 19:3019-36. [PMID: 17921317 PMCID: PMC2174700 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.107.050666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Revised: 08/23/2007] [Accepted: 09/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Many biochemical approaches show functions of calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) in abscisic acid (ABA) signal transduction, but molecular genetic evidence linking defined CDPK genes with ABA-regulated biological functions at the whole-plant level has been lacking. Here, we report that ABA stimulated two homologous CDPKs in Arabidopsis thaliana, CPK4 and CPK11. Loss-of-function mutations of CPK4 and CPK11 resulted in pleiotropic ABA-insensitive phenotypes in seed germination, seedling growth, and stomatal movement and led to salt insensitivity in seed germination and decreased tolerance of seedlings to salt stress. Double mutants of the two CDPK genes had stronger ABA- and salt-responsive phenotypes than the single mutants. CPK4- or CPK11-overexpressing plants generally showed inverse ABA-related phenotypes relative to those of the loss-of-function mutants. Expression levels of many ABA-responsive genes were altered in the loss-of-function mutants and overexpression lines. The CPK4 and CPK11 kinases both phosphorylated two ABA-responsive transcription factors, ABF1 and ABF4, in vitro, suggesting that the two kinases may regulate ABA signaling through these transcription factors. These data provide in planta genetic evidence for the involvement of CDPK/calcium in ABA signaling at the whole-plant level and show that CPK4 and CPK11 are two important positive regulators in CDPK/calcium-mediated ABA signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Yong Zhu
- China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100094 Beijing, China
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