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Mai X, Liu Y, Fan J, Xiao L, Liao M, Huang Z, Chen Z, Huang S, Sun R, Jiang X, Huang L, Sun J, Xie L, Chen H. Iron supplementation and iron accumulation promote adipocyte thermogenesis through PGC1α-ATGL-mediated lipolysis. J Biol Chem 2024:107690. [PMID: 39159807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron homeostasis is essential for maintaining metabolic health and iron disorder has been linked to chronic metabolic diseases. Increasing thermogenic capacity in adipose tissue has been considered as a potential approach to regulate energy homeostasis. Both Mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial function are iron dependent and essential for adipocyte thermogenic capacity, but the underlying relationships between iron accumulation and adipose thermogenesis is unclear. Firstly, we confirmed that iron homeostasis and the iron regulatory markers (e.g. Tfr1, Hfe) are involved in cold induced thermogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissues using RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis. Secondly, an Hfe (Hfe-/-) deficient mouse model, in which tissues become overloaded with iron, was employed. We found iron accumulation caused by Hfe deficiency enhanced mitochondrial respiratory chain expression in subcutaneous white adipose in vivo and resulted in enhanced tissue thermogenesis with upregulation of PGC-1α and ATGL, mitochondrial biogenesis and lipolysis. To investigate the thermogenic capacity in vitro, stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissues was isolated, followed with adipogenic differentiation. Primary adipocyte from Hfe-/- mice exhibited higher cellular oxygen consumption, associated with enhanced expression of mitochondrial oxidative respiratory chain protein, while primary adipocytes or SVFs from WT mice supplemented with iron citrate (FAC) exhibited similar effect in thermogenic capacity. Taken together, these findings indicate iron supplementation and iron accumulation (Hfe deficiency) can regulate adipocyte thermogenic capacity, suggesting a potential role for iron homeostasis in adipose tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Jigang Fan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Lanling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Miaomiao Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Zijian Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Shaojun Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaowan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Liujing Huang
- Medical Affairs Department, Guangzhou Betrue Technology Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Liwei Xie
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China; College of Life and Health Sciences, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510300, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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Kostecka A, Kalamon N, Skoniecka A, Koczkowska M, Skowron PM, Piotrowski A, Pikuła M. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in clinical trials: Insights from single-cell studies. Life Sci 2024; 351:122761. [PMID: 38866216 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (MSCs) offer tremendous potential for the treatment of various diseases and their healing properties have been explored in hundreds of clinical trials. These trails primarily focus on immunological and neurological disorders, as well as regenerative medicine. Adipose tissue is a rich source of mesenchymal stromal cells and methods to obtain and culture adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) have been well established. Promising results from pre-clinical testing of AD-MSCs activity prompted clinical trials that further led to the approval of AD-MSCs for the treatment of complex perianal fistulas in Crohn's disease and subcutaneous tissue defects. However, AD-MSC heterogeneity along with various manufacturing protocols or different strategies to boost their activity create the need for standardized quality control procedures and safety assessment of the intended cell product. High-resolution transcriptomic methods have been recently gaining attention, as they deliver insight into gene expression profiles of individual cells, helping to deconstruct cellular hierarchy and differentiation trajectories, and to understand cell-cell interactions within tissues. This article presents a comprehensive overview of completed clinical trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of AD-MSC treatment, together with current single-cell studies of human AD-MSC. Furthermore, our work emphasizes the increasing significance of single-cell research in elucidating the mechanisms of cellular action and predicting their therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kostecka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; 3P - Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Natalia Kalamon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Aneta Skoniecka
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Koczkowska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; 3P - Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Piotr M Skowron
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Piotrowski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland; 3P - Medicine Laboratory, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Michał Pikuła
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Division of Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Luca T, Pezzino S, Puleo S, Castorina S. Lesson on obesity and anatomy of adipose tissue: new models of study in the era of clinical and translational research. J Transl Med 2024; 22:764. [PMID: 39143643 PMCID: PMC11323604 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05547-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a serious global illness that is frequently associated with metabolic syndrome. Adipocytes are the typical cells of adipose organ, which is composed of at least two different tissues, white and brown adipose tissue. They functionally cooperate, interconverting each other under physiological conditions, but differ in their anatomy, physiology, and endocrine functions. Different cellular models have been proposed to study adipose tissue in vitro. They are also useful for elucidating the mechanisms that are responsible for a pathological condition, such as obesity, and for testing therapeutic strategies. Each cell model has its own characteristics, culture conditions, advantages and disadvantages. The choice of one model rather than another depends on the specific study the researcher is conducting. In recent decades, three-dimensional cultures, such as adipose spheroids, have become very attractive because they more closely resemble the phenotype of freshly isolated cells. The use of such models has developed in parallel with the evolution of translational research, an interdisciplinary branch of the biomedical field, which aims to learn a scientific translational approach to improve human health and longevity. The focus of the present review is on the growing body of data linking the use of new cell models and the spread of translational research. Also, we discuss the possibility, for the future, to employ new three-dimensional adipose tissue cell models to promote the transition from benchside to bedsite and vice versa, allowing translational research to become routine, with the final goal of obtaining clinical benefits in the prevention and treatment of obesity and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonia Luca
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 87, Catania, 95123, Italy.
| | | | - Stefano Puleo
- Mediterranean Foundation "GB Morgagni", Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Castorina
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 87, Catania, 95123, Italy
- Mediterranean Foundation "GB Morgagni", Catania, Italy
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Kulsange SE, Sharma M, Sonawane B, Jaiswal MR, Kulkarni MJ, Santhakumari B. SWATH-MS reveals that bisphenol A and its analogs regulate pathways leading to disruption in insulin signaling and fatty acid metabolism. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114667. [PMID: 38653447 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The FDA prohibited the use of BPA-based polycarbonate resins in infant formula packaging; thus, its analogs, viz. Bisphenol S (BPS) and Bisphenol F (BPF) were considered alternatives in epoxy resins, plastics, and food cans. As these analogs might evoke a similar response, we investigated the role of Bisphenols (BPA, BPF, and BPS), on insulin signaling in CHO-HIRc-myc-GLUT4eGFP cells at environmentally relevant concentrations of 2 nM and 200 nM. Insulin signaling demonstrated that Bisphenols reduced phosphorylation of IR and AKT2, GLUT4 translocation, and glucose uptake. This was accompanied by increased oxidative stress. Furthermore, SWATH-MS-based proteomics of 3T3-L1 cells demonstrated that Bisphenol-treated cells regulate proteins in insulin resistance, adipogenesis, and fatty acid metabolism pathways differently. All three Bisphenols induced differentially expressed proteins enriched similar pathways, although their abundance differed for each Bisphenol. This might be due to their varying toxicity level, structural differences, and estrogen-mimetic activity. This study has important implications in addressing health concerns related to EDCs. Given that the analogs of BPA are considered alternatives to BPA, the findings of this study suggest they are equally potent in altering fatty acid metabolism and inducing insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabda E Kulsange
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Monika Sharma
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Babasaheb Sonawane
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Meera R Jaiswal
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - B Santhakumari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Centre for Material Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India.
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Koung Ngeun S, Shimizu M, Kaneda M. Myogenic Differentiation and Immunomodulatory Properties of Rat Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:72. [PMID: 38392291 PMCID: PMC10886144 DOI: 10.3390/biology13020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The myogenic differentiation potential of MSCs is a key factor in their potential use as a cell source for muscle tissue repair and regeneration. Additionally, evaluating the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs is important to highlight their potential for regulating inflammation and supporting tissue regeneration. Given the limited literature on muscle differentiation potential and immunomodulatory properties, this study aims to characterize rat ADP MSCs for treating muscle disease. We isolated MSCs from adipose tissues around the periscapular region of the rats. We used a monoculture method for the myogenic differentiation and modified the myogenic induction medium by supplementing it with the growth factors FGF, HGF, and IGF. In rat ADP MSCs, expression of the MSC-specific marker, CD90, was 87.7%, while CD44 was 42.8%. For genes involved in immunomodulation, IGF1 and TGFB1 were highly expressed, while IL6 was poorly expressed. In addition to their trilineage differentiation potential, ADP MSCs exhibited the capacity to differentiate into myogenic cell lines, as evidenced by changes in cell morphology, leading to elongated and aligned structures and the expression of the MyoD and MYOG antibodies. The study found that ADP MSCs show great clinical promise for muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Koung Ngeun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Miki Shimizu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kaneda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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陈 君, 邓 呈. [Research advances on stem cell-based treatments in animal studies and clinical trials of lymphedema]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2024; 38:99-106. [PMID: 38225848 PMCID: PMC10796233 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202309045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Objective To summarize the progress of the roles and mechanisms of various types of stem cell-based treatments and their combination therapies in both animal studies and clinical trials of lymphedema. Methods The literature on stem cell-based treatments for lymphedema in recent years at home and abroad was extensively reviewed, and the animal studies and clinical trials on different types of stem cells for lymphedema were summarized. Results Various types of stem cells have shown certain effects in animal studies and clinical trials on the treatment of lymphedema, mainly through local differentiation into lymphoid endothelial cells and paracrine cytokines with different functions. Current research focuses on two cell types, adipose derived stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, both of which have their own advantages and disadvantages, mainly reflected in the therapeutic effect of stem cells, the difficulty of obtaining stem cells and the content in vivo. In addition, stem cells can also play a synergistic role in combination with other treatments, such as conservative treatment, surgical intervention, cytokines, biological scaffolds, and so on. However, it is still limited to the basic research stage, and only a small number of studies have completed clinical trials. Conclusion Stem cells have great transformation potential in the treatment of lymphedema, but there is no unified standard in the selection of cell types, the amount of transplanted cells, and the timing of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- 君哲 陈
- 遵义医科大学附属医院烧伤整形外科(贵州遵义 563003)Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563003, P. R. China
| | - 呈亮 邓
- 遵义医科大学附属医院烧伤整形外科(贵州遵义 563003)Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563003, P. R. China
- 组织损伤修复与再生医学省部共建协同创新中心(贵州遵义 563003)Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine, Zunyi Guizhou, 563003, P. R. China
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Hasanah U, Rejeki PS, Wungu CDK, Pranoto A, Izzatunnisa N, Rahmanto I, Halim S. High-intensity combination exercise has the highest effect on increasing serum irisin and interleukin 6 levels in women with obesity. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2024; 35:71-78. [PMID: 38482824 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, environmental conditions, and genetics are factors that cause obesity. Lifestyle modification with a nonpharmacological approach based on physical exercise is the starting point in overcoming obesity. However, physical exercise with the appropriate and effective intensity for obese subjects is still debated. Therefore, this study aims to prove the effect of intensity differences with aerobic-resistance combination exercise on increasing irisin and IL-6 levels in obese women. METHODS A total of 32 obese women were selected as subjects and administered the interventions of low-intensity combination exercise (Q2), moderate-intensity combination exercise (Q3), and high-intensity combination exercise (Q4). ELISA was used to measure irisin and IL-6 levels in all samples. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and Turkey's-Honest Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. RESULTS The mean Δ IL-6 levels in the control groups (Q1), Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.27 ± 2.54, 2.07 ± 2.55, 5.99 ± 6.25, and 7.98 ± 2.82 pg/mL with (p=0.015). The mean Δ irisin levels were 0.06 ± 0.81 ng/mL in Q1, 0.59 ± 0.67 ng/mL in Q2, 1.99 ± 1.65 ng/mL in Q3, 4.63 ± 3.57 ng/mL in Q4 with (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study proved that all three types of combined exercise intensity increased myokine levels, such as irisin and IL-6. However, high-intensity combination exercise provided the most optimal improvement in myokine levels in obese women. Future studies are needed to design long-term exercise programs specifically for obese adolescent women using the findings from this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswatun Hasanah
- Sports Health Science, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Purwo Sri Rejeki
- Department of Physiology, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Citrawati Dyah Kencono Wungu
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Adi Pranoto
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Nabilah Izzatunnisa
- Medical Program, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Ilham Rahmanto
- Medical Program, 194160 Universitas Airlangga Fakultas Kedokteran , Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Shariff Halim
- Clinical Research Centre, 54703 Management and Science University , Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Kim G, Lee J, Ha J, Kang I, Choe W. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Impact on Adipogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms Implicated. Nutrients 2023; 15:5082. [PMID: 38140341 PMCID: PMC10745682 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis, which encompasses the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid accumulation. Sustained ER stress has the potential to disrupt the signaling of the unfolded protein response (UPR), thereby influencing adipogenesis. This comprehensive review illuminates the molecular mechanisms that underpin the interplay between ER stress and adipogenesis. We delve into the dysregulation of UPR pathways, namely, IRE1-XBP1, PERK and ATF6 in relation to adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and tissue inflammation. Moreover, we scrutinize how ER stress impacts key adipogenic transcription factors such as proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) along with their interaction with other signaling pathways. The cellular ramifications include alterations in lipid metabolism, dysregulation of adipokines, and aged adipose tissue inflammation. We also discuss the potential roles the molecular chaperones cyclophilin A and cyclophilin B play in adipogenesis. By shedding light on the intricate relationship between ER stress and adipogenesis, this review paves the way for devising innovative therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuhui Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30609, USA;
| | - Joohun Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (G.K.); (J.H.); (I.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Tie F, Hu N, Dong Q, Wang H. Vitisin A-13-O-β-D-glucoside and Vitisin A from Iris lactea inhibit lipogenesis and promote lipolysis via the PKA/HSL pathway during adipogenic transdifferentiation of C2C12 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176154. [PMID: 37884183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Oligostilbenes are a group of natural products derived from the polymerization of stilbene monomers. Despite the demonstration of their activities in regulating lipid metabolism, the function of oligostilbenes in the adipogenic transdifferentiation of multipotent myoblast cells remains unknown. Hence, the five oligostilbenes from Iris lactea were tested for their regulatory effects on adipogenic transdifferentiation of C2C12 myoblast cells. As a result, it was shown that Vitisin A-13-O-β-D-glucoside (VitAOG), Vitisin A (VitA) and Hopeaphenol (Hop) can greatly inhibit the adipogenic transdifferentiation of C2C12 cells by reducing lipid accumulation and downregulating the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) and fatty acid binding proteins 4 (FABP4). In contrast, Vitisin D (VitD) and Isohopeaphenol (Isohop) promote adipogenic transdifferentiation of C2C12 cells by increasing lipid accumulation and upregulating the expression of adipogenesis and lipogenesis markers. Further research found that the lipolytic protein levels of adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were elevated by VitAOG and VitA. Additionally, VitAOG and VitA maintain lipid homeostasis by improving mitochondrial function. Taken together, our study reveals an effect of oligostilbenes on lipid metabolism in C2C12 cells, and VitAOG and VitA can be regarded as potential candidates for the treatment of obesity and other disorders of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Tie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
| | - Na Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
| | - Qi Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
| | - Honglun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
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Deschemin JC, Ransy C, Bouillaud F, Chung S, Galy B, Peyssonnaux C, Vaulont S. Hepcidin deficiency in mice impairs white adipose tissue browning possibly due to a defect in de novo adipogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12794. [PMID: 37550331 PMCID: PMC10406828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of iron in the two major sites of adaptive thermogenesis, namely the beige inguinal (iWAT) and brown adipose tissues (BAT) has not been fully understood yet. Body iron levels and distribution is controlled by the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin. Here, we explored iron homeostasis and thermogenic activity in brown and beige fat in wild-type and iron loaded Hepcidin KO mice. Hepcidin-deficient mice displayed iron overload in both iWAT and BAT, and preferential accumulation of ferritin in stromal cells compared to mature adipocytes. In contrast to BAT, the iWAT of Hepcidin KO animals featured with defective thermogenesis evidenced by an altered beige signature, including reduced UCP1 levels and decreased mitochondrial respiration. This thermogenic modification appeared cell autonomous and persisted after a 48 h-cold challenge, a potent trigger of thermogenesis, suggesting compromised de novo adipogenesis. Given that WAT browning occurs in both mice and humans, our results provide physiological results to interrogate the thermogenic capacity of patients with iron overload disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Deschemin
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Céline Ransy
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Bouillaud
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center, "Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis", Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carole Peyssonnaux
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vaulont
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.
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11
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Dewal RS, Wolfrum C. Master of disguise: deconvoluting adipose tissue heterogeneity and its impact on metabolic health. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2023; 81:102085. [PMID: 37421902 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2023.102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue in its different forms: white, brown, and beige, while essential in day-to-day bodily functions, leads to several disorders when present in overabundance, including obesity and type-2 diabetes. Adipose tissue function/dysfunction is largely mediated by the diversity of its cell composition, within adipocytes and cells in its stromal fraction. Owing to its heterogeneous nature, recent studies have focused on intercalating the effects of cellular diversity with adipose tissue function, particularly by employing sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in utilizing single-cell and single-nuclei RNA sequencing technologies to discover novel adipose tissue cell types or subtypes, and to determine their role in mediating tissue, as well as whole-body metabolism and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati S Dewal
- Laboratory of Translational Nutritional Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland. https://twitter.com/@revadewa3
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutritional Biology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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12
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Chen M, Kim S, Li L, Chattopadhyay S, Rando TA, Feldman BJ. Identification of an adipose tissue-resident pro-preadipocyte population. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112440. [PMID: 37119138 PMCID: PMC10370484 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the transitional stages that define the pathway stem cells progress through during differentiation advances our understanding of biology and fosters the identification of therapeutic opportunities. However, distinguishing progenitor cells from other cell types and placing them in an epistatic pathway is challenging. This is exemplified in the adipocyte lineage, where the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from adipose tissue is enriched for progenitor cells but also contains heterogeneous populations of cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has begun to facilitate the deconvolution of cell types in the SVF, and a hierarchical structure is emerging. Here, we use scRNA-seq to discover a population of CD31- CD45- cells in the SVF that are distinguished by a specific expression profile. Further, we place this population on an epistatic pathway upstream of the previously defined preadipocyte population. Finally, we discover functional properties of this population with broad implications, including revealing physiological mechanisms that regulate adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian J Feldman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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13
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Yan SY, Yang YW, Jiang XY, Hu S, Su YY, Yao H, Hu CH. Fat quantification: Imaging methods and clinical applications in cancer. Eur J Radiol 2023; 164:110851. [PMID: 37148843 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.110851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the study of the relationship between lipid metabolism and cancer has evolved. The characteristics of intratumoral and peritumoral fat are distinct and changeable during cancer development. Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue are also associated with cancer prognosis. In non-invasive imaging, fat quantification parameters such as controlled attenuation parameter, fat volume fraction, and proton density fat fraction from different imaging methods complement conventional images by providing concrete fat information. Therefore, measuring the changes of fat content for further understanding of cancer characteristics has been applied in both research and clinical settings. In this review, the authors summarize imaging advances in fat quantification and highlight their clinical applications in cancer precaution, auxiliary diagnosis and classification, therapy response monitoring, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Yu Yan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Yi Wen Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Xin Yu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Su Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China
| | - Yun Yan Su
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
| | - Chun Hong Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, PR China.
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14
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Gao P, Fang L, Pan Y, Jiang L. Effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins on Fat Metabolism and Adipocytokines in Obese Rats. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040568. [PMID: 37110226 PMCID: PMC10142576 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin (GSP) on fat metabolism and adipocytokines in obese rats. Fifty 5-week-old rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 10 per group) and given either a basal diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet supplemented with GSP (25, 50, and 100 mg/d) per group. The experiment lasted for five weeks, including a one-week adaptation period and a four-week treatment period. At the end of the experimental period, serum and adipose tissue samples were collected and analyzed. Additionally, we co-cultured 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with varying concentrations of GSP to explore its effect on adipocyte metabolism. The results demonstrated that GSP supplementation reduced weight, daily gain, and abdominal fat weight coefficient (p < 0.05). It also decreased levels of glucose, cholesterol (TC) (p < 0.05), triglycerides (TG) (p < 0.05), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in adipose tissue. Furthermore, GSP addition caused adipocyte crumpling in vitro and reduced the mRNA expression of COX-2, LEP, and TNF-α in adipocytes in vitro. These findings provide compelling evidence for exploring the role of GSP in the prevention and treatment of obesity and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Gao
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Luoyun Fang
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yucong Pan
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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15
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Ginting RP, Lee JM, Lee MW. The Influence of Ambient Temperature on Adipose Tissue Homeostasis, Metabolic Diseases and Cancers. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060881. [PMID: 36980222 PMCID: PMC10047443 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a recognized energy storage organ during excessive energy intake and an endocrine and thermoregulator, which interacts with other tissues to regulate systemic metabolism. Adipose tissue dysfunction is observed in most obese mouse models and humans. However, most studies using mouse models were conducted at room temperature (RT), where mice were chronically exposed to mild cold. In this condition, energy use is prioritized for thermogenesis to maintain body temperature in mice. It also leads to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, followed by the activation of β-adrenergic signaling. As humans live primarily in their thermoneutral (TN) zone, RT housing for mice limits the interpretation of disease studies from mouse models to humans. Therefore, housing mice in their TN zone (~28–30 °C) can be considered to mimic humans physiologically. However, factors such as temperature ranges and TN pre-acclimatization periods should be examined to obtain reliable results. In this review, we discuss how adipose tissue responds to housing temperature and the outcomes of the TN zone in metabolic disease studies. This review highlights the critical role of TN housing in mouse models for studying adipose tissue function and human metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehna Paula Ginting
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Woo Lee
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-413-5029
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16
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Morito S, Kawasaki M, Nishiyama M, Sakumoto T, Hashiguchi M, Narita T, Kawaguchi A, Toda S, Aoki S. Microenvironmental elements singularity synergistically regulate the behavior and chemosensitivity of endometrioid carcinoma. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1147-1159. [PMID: 36853404 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00886-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The importance of the microenvironment is widely recognized as it regulates not only malignant cell behavior but also drug sensitivity. The cancer cell microenvironment is composed of biological, physical and chemical elements, and simultaneous reproduction of these three elements are important conditions investigated in cancer research. In the present study, we focused on the epidemiological and anatomical specificities of endometrioid carcinoma, obesity (biological), fluid flow (physical) and anticancer agents (chemical) to target the specific microenvironmental elements of endometrioid carcinoma. To elucidate the individual effects of these elements on endometrioid carcinoma and to investigate the relationships between these factors, we developed an adipose tissue fragments (ATFs)-embedded cell disc under a rotational culture method to generate carcinoma-stroma interactions and to create fluid flow. ATFs and fluid flow individually or synergistically influenced proliferative cellular behavior and the morphological changes underlying endometrioid carcinoma. ATFs and fluid flow also governed the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 signaling synergistically or individually, depending on the endometrioid carcinoma cell type. Adipose tissue induced chemoresistance to cis-diamminedichloro-platinum (CDDP) in endometrioid cancer, but the resistance effect was abolished by fluid flow. Thus, a simple reconstructed model was established to investigate three elements of the microenvironment of endometrioid carcinoma in vitro. This culture model unequivocally demonstrated the individual and synergistic effects of the three elements on endometrioid carcinoma. This new culture model is a promising tool for elucidating the mechanisms underlying endometrioid carcinoma and for developing further treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Morito
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Maki Kawasaki
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishiyama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Takehisa Sakumoto
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Mariko Hashiguchi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Takayuki Narita
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawaguchi
- Education and Research Center for Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 849-8501, Japan
| | - Shuji Toda
- Department of Pathology, Takagi Hospital, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Aoki
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, Saga, 849-8501, Japan.
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17
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Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Basic Research and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043888. [PMID: 36835295 PMCID: PMC9962639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (AD-MSCs) have been extensively studied in recent years. Their attractiveness is due to the ease of obtaining clinical material (fat tissue, lipoaspirate) and the relatively large number of AD-MSCs present in adipose tissue. In addition, AD-MSCs possess a high regenerative potential and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, AD-MSCs have great potential in stem cell-based therapies in wound healing as well as in orthopedic, cardiovascular, or autoimmune diseases. There are many ongoing clinical trials on AD-MSC and in many cases their effectiveness has been proven. In this article, we present current knowledge about AD-MSCs based on our experience and other authors. We also demonstrate the application of AD-MSCs in selected pre-clinical models and clinical studies. Adipose-derived stromal cells can also be the pillar of the next generation of stem cells that will be chemically or genetically modified. Despite much research on these cells, there are still important and interesting areas to explore.
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18
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Ke S, Hu Q, Zhu G, Li L, Sun X, Cheng H, Li L, Yao Y, Li H. Remodeling of white adipose tissue microenvironment against obesity by phytochemicals. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36786412 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a kind of chronic disease due to a long-term imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. In recent years, the number of obese people around the world has soared, and obesity problem should not be underestimated. Obesity is characterized by changes in the adipose microenvironment, mainly manifested as hypertrophy, chronic inflammatory status, hypoxia, and fibrosis, thus contributing to the pathological changes of other tissues. A plethora of phytochemicals have been found to improve adipose microenvironment, thus prevent and resist obesity, providing a new research direction for the treatment of obesity and related diseases. This paper discusses remodeling of the adipose tissue microenvironment as a therapeutic avenue and reviews the progress of phytochemicals in fighting obesity by improving the adipose microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Ke
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Hu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanyao Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghuan Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechao Sun
- Research and Development Department, Zhejiang Starry Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Cheng
- Research and Development Department, Zhejiang Starry Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingqiao Li
- Research and Development Department, Zhejiang Starry Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Yao
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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19
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Takeda Y, Harada Y, Yoshikawa T, Dai P. Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism in the Regulation of Thermogenic Brown Fats and Human Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021352. [PMID: 36674862 PMCID: PMC9861294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown fats specialize in thermogenesis by increasing the utilization of circulating blood glucose and fatty acids. Emerging evidence suggests that brown adipose tissue (BAT) prevents the incidence of obesity-associated metabolic diseases and several types of cancers in humans. Mitochondrial energy metabolism in brown/beige adipocytes regulates both uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent and -independent thermogenesis for cold adaptation and the utilization of excess nutrients and energy. Many studies on the quantification of human BAT indicate that mass and activity are inversely correlated with the body mass index (BMI) and visceral adiposity. Repression is caused by obesity-associated positive and negative factors that control adipocyte browning, de novo adipogenesis, mitochondrial energy metabolism, UCP1 expression and activity, and noradrenergic response. Systemic and local factors whose levels vary between lean and obese conditions include growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters, and metal ions such as selenium and iron. Modulation of obesity-associated repression in human brown fats is a promising strategy to counteract obesity and related metabolic diseases through the activation of thermogenic capacity. In this review, we highlight recent advances in mitochondrial metabolism, thermogenic regulation of brown fats, and human metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukimasa Takeda
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (P.D.); Tel.: +81-75-251-5444 (Y.T.); +81-75-251-5135 (P.D.)
| | - Yoshinori Harada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, 103-5 Tanaka-Monzen-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8225, Japan
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (P.D.); Tel.: +81-75-251-5444 (Y.T.); +81-75-251-5135 (P.D.)
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20
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Li L, Wan Q, Long Q, Nie T, Zhao S, Mao L, Cheng C, Zou C, Loomes K, Xu A, Lai L, Liu X, Duan Z, Hui X, Wu D. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of rabbit interscapular brown adipose tissue whitening under physiological conditions. Adipocyte 2022; 11:529-549. [PMID: 36000239 PMCID: PMC9427046 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2111053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) of both rabbits and humans exhibits a similar whitening phenomenon under physiological conditions. However, a detailed characterization of iBAT whitening in them is still lacking. Here, we chose rabbits as a model to gain a better understanding of the molecular signature changes during the whitening process of iBAT by transcriptomic analysis of rabbit iBAT at day 1, day 14, 1 month and 4 months after birth. We applied non-invasive MRI imaging to monitor the whitening process and correlated these changes with analysis of morphological, histological and molecular features. Principal component analysis (PCA) of differentially expressed genes delineated three major phases for the whitening process as Brown, Transition and Whitened BAT phases. RNA-sequencing data revealed that whitening of iBAT was an orchestrated process where multiple types of cells and tissues participated in a variety of physiological processes including neovascularization, formation of new nervous networks and immune regulation. Several key metabolic and signalling pathways contributed to whitening of iBAT, and immune cells and immune regulation appeared to play an overarching role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiaoyun Long
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Tao Nie
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liufeng Mao
- Clinical Department of Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanli Cheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Zou
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kerry Loomes
- School of Biological Sciences and Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziyuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Ziyuan Duan Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510530, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Xiaoyan Hui
| | - Donghai Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- CONTACT Donghai Wu
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21
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Xia YY, Shi Y, Li Z, Li H, Wu LD, Zhou WY, Gu Y, Ling ZY, Zhang JX, Chen SL. Involvement of pyroptosis pathway in epicardial adipose tissue - myocardium axis in experimental heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 636:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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22
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Qi Y, Hui XH. The Single-Cell Revelation of Thermogenic Adipose Tissue. Mol Cells 2022; 45:673-684. [PMID: 36254709 PMCID: PMC9589375 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2022.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed an upsurge in the appreciation of adipose tissue (AT) as an immuno-metabolic hub harbouring heterogeneous cell populations that collectively fine-tune systemic metabolic homeostasis. Technological advancements, especially single-cell transcriptomics, have offered an unprecedented opportunity for dissecting the sophisticated cellular networks and compositional dynamics underpinning AT remodelling. The "re-discovery" of functional brown adipose tissue dissipating heat energy in human adults has aroused tremendous interest in exploiting the mechanisms underpinning the engagement of AT thermogenesis for combating human obesity. In this review, we aim to summarise and evaluate the use of single-cell transcriptomics that contribute to a better appreciation of the cellular plasticity and intercellular crosstalk in thermogenic AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hannah Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Yue B, Wang H, Cai X, Wang J, Chai Z, Peng W, Shu S, Fu C, Zhong J. Adipose-Secreted Exosomes and Their Pathophysiologic Effects on Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12411. [PMID: 36293266 PMCID: PMC9604254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 04/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to its prominent secretory activity, adipose tissue (AT) is now considered a major player in the crosstalk between organs, especially with skeletal muscle. In which, exosomes are effective carriers for the intercellular material transfer of a wide range of molecules that can influence a series of physiological and pathological processes in recipient cells. Considering their underlying roles, the regulatory mechanisms of adipose-secreted exosomes and their cellular crosstalk with skeletal muscle have received great attention in the field. In this review, we describe what is currently known of adipose-secreted exosomes, as well as their applications in skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Xin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Jiabo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Zhixin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Shi Shu
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Changqi Fu
- Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jincheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
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RNA-Binding Proteins in the Regulation of Adipogenesis and Adipose Function. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152357. [PMID: 35954201 PMCID: PMC9367552 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The obesity epidemic represents a critical public health issue worldwide, as it is a vital risk factor for many diseases, including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is a complex disease involving excessive fat accumulation. Proper adipose tissue accumulation and function are highly transcriptional and regulated by many genes. Recent studies have discovered that post-transcriptional regulation, mainly mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), also plays a crucial role. In the lifetime of RNA, it is bound by various RBPs that determine every step of RNA metabolism, from RNA processing to alternative splicing, nucleus export, rate of translation, and finally decay. In humans, it is predicted that RBPs account for more than 10% of proteins based on the presence of RNA-binding domains. However, only very few RBPs have been studied in adipose tissue. The primary aim of this paper is to provide an overview of RBPs in adipogenesis and adipose function. Specifically, the following best-characterized RBPs will be discussed, including HuR, PSPC1, Sam68, RBM4, Ybx1, Ybx2, IGF2BP2, and KSRP. Characterization of these proteins will increase our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of RBPs in adipogenesis and provide clues for the etiology and pathology of adipose-tissue-related diseases.
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Expression and Role of β3-Adrenergic Receptor during the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes into Adipocytes. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050772. [PMID: 35625499 PMCID: PMC9138837 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) has long been viewed as a potential therapeutic target for dealing with obesity. Although the lipolytic and thermogenic role of β3-AR in brown/beige adipocytes is well defined, the β3-AR’s adipogenic role in white adipocytes remains unclear at present. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of β3-AR in 3T3-L1 murine white preadipocytes. Knockdown of β3-AR led to less lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) content as well as less expression and phosphorylation levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. These findings reveal that the β3-AR inhibitor or antagonist could be a promising candidate for potential preventive and therapeutics against obesity. Abstract β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) is expressed predominantly in mature white and brown/beige adipocytes. Although the lipolytic and thermogenic role of β3-AR in brown/beige adipocytes is well defined, the adipogenic role of β3-AR in white adipocytes remains unclear at present. In this study, we investigated the expression and function of β3-AR in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, murine white preadipocytes. Of note, the expression of β3-AR at the protein and mRNA levels was highly induced in a time-dependent manner during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Interestingly, the results of the pharmacological inhibition study demonstrated the roles of p38 MAPK and PKC in the induction of β3-AR expression in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells. Knockdown of β3-AR led to less lipid accumulation and triglyceride (TG) content during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation with no cytotoxicity. Furthermore, knockdown of β3-AR resulted in a decrease in not only expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), fatty acid synthase (FASN), perilipin A, and leptin but also phosphorylation levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 (STAT-5) during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. In summary, these results demonstrate firstly that β3-AR expression is highly up-regulated in p38 MAPK and PKC-dependent manners, and the up-regulated β3-AR plays a crucial role in lipid accumulation in differentiating 3T3-L1 cells, which is mediated through control of expression and phosphorylation levels of C/EBP-α, PPAR-γ, STAT-5, FASN, and perilipin A.
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Mikłosz A, Łukaszuk B, Supruniuk E, Grubczak K, Starosz A, Kusaczuk M, Naumowicz M, Chabowski A. The Phenotype of the Adipocytes Derived from Subcutaneous and Visceral ADMSCs Is Altered When They Originate from Morbidly Obese Women: Is There a Memory Effect? Cells 2022; 11:1435. [PMID: 35563741 PMCID: PMC9099624 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs). Evidence has suggested that depot-specific ADMSCs (obtained from subcutaneous or visceral adipose tissue-subADMSCs or visADMSCs, respectively) account for differential responses of each depot to metabolic challenges. However, little is known about the phenotype and changes in metabolism of the adipocytes derived from ADMSCs of obese individuals. Therefore, we investigated the phenotypic and metabolic characteristics, particularly the lipid profile, of fully differentiated adipocytes derived from ADMSCs of lean and obese (with/without metabolic syndrome) postmenopausal women. We observed a depot-specific pattern, with more pronounced changes present in the adipocytes obtained from subADMSCs. Namely, chronic oversupply of fatty acids (present in morbid obesity) triggered an increase in CD36/SR-B2 and FATP4 protein content (total and cell surface), which translated to an increased LCFA influx (3H-palmitate uptake). This was associated with the accumulation of TAG and DAG in these cells. Furthermore, we observed that the adipocytes of visADMSCs origin were larger and showed smaller granularity than their counterparts of subADMSCs descent. Although ADMSCs were cultured in vitro, in a fatty acids-deprived environment, obesity significantly influenced the functionality of the progenitor adipocytes, suggesting the existence of a memory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mikłosz
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Bartłomiej Łukaszuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Elżbieta Supruniuk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Kamil Grubczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Street, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (K.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Starosz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Street, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland; (K.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Magdalena Kusaczuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2A Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Monika Naumowicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, K. Ciolkowskiego 1K Street, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C Street, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland; (B.Ł.); (E.S.); (A.C.)
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Scambi I, Peroni D, Nodari A, Merigo F, Benati D, Boschi F, Mannucci S, Frontini A, Visonà S, Sbarbati A, Krampera M, Galiè M. The transcriptional profile of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASC) mirrors the whitening of adipose tissue with age. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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