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Boukeroui Y, González-Siso MI, DeCastro ME, Arab M, Aissaoui N, Nas F, Saibi ANE, Klouche Khelil N. Characterization, whole-genome sequence analysis, and protease production of a new thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis strain isolated from Debagh hot spring, Algeria. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00569-9. [PMID: 39129036 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
A new thermophilic strain, designated as Bacillus sp. LMB3902, was isolated from Hammam Debagh, the hottest spring in Algeria (up to 98 °C). This isolate showed high protease production in skim milk media at 55 °C and exhibited significant specific protease activity by using azocasein as a substrate (157.50 U/mg). Through conventional methods, chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and comparative genomic analysis with the closely related strain Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 (ATCC 14580 T), the isolate Bacillus sp. LMB3902 was identified as a potentially new strain of Bacillus licheniformis. In addition, the gene functions of Bacillus sp. LMB3902 strain were predicted using the Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Clusters of Orthologous Groups, Non-Redundant Protein Sequence Database, Swiss-Prot, and Pfam databases. The results showed that the genome size of Bacillus sp. LMB3902 was 4.279.557 bp, with an average GC content of 46%. The genome contained 4.760 predicted genes, including 8 rRNAs, 78 tRNAs, and 24 sRNAs. A total of 235 protease genes were annotated including 50 proteases with transmembrane helix structures and eight secreted proteases with signal peptides. Additionally, the majority of secondary metabolites found by antiSMASH platform showed low similarity to identified natural products, such as fengicin (53%), lichenysin (57%), and surfactin (34%), suggesting that this strain may encode for novel uncharacterized natural products which can be useful for biotechnological applications. This study is the first report that describes the complete genome sequence, taxono-genomics, and gene annotation as well as protease production of the Bacillus genus in this hydrothermal vent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Boukeroui
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE Laboratory), Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - María-Isabel González-Siso
- Grupo EXPRELA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química E Bioloxía (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - María-Eugenia DeCastro
- Grupo EXPRELA, Centro Interdisciplinar de Química E Bioloxía (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 , A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mounia Arab
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE Laboratory), Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, 16000, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nadia Aissaoui
- Laboratory of Sustainable Management of Natural Resources in Arid and Semi Arid Areas (GDRN), Institute of Sciences, University Center of Naâma, 45000, Naâma, Algeria
| | - Fatima Nas
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE Laboratory), Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Amina Nour Elhouda Saibi
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE Laboratory), Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nihel Klouche Khelil
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment (LAMAABE Laboratory), Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life, Earth and Universe Sciences, University of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Dental Surgery Department, Medical Faculty, University of Tlemcen, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
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Banerjee S, Gupta N, Pramanik K, Gope M, GhoshThakur R, Karmakar A, Gogoi N, Hoque RR, Mandal NC, Balachandran S. Microbes and microbial strategies in carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons remediation: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1811-1840. [PMID: 38063960 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Degradation, detoxification, or removal of the omnipresent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the ecosphere as well as their prevention from entering into food chain has never appeared simple. In this context, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable solutions like microbe-mediated strategies have been adopted worldwide. With this connection, measures have been taken by multifarious modes of microbial remedial strategies, i.e., enzymatic degradation, biofilm and biosurfactant production, application of biochar-immobilized microbes, lactic acid bacteria, rhizospheric-phyllospheric-endophytic microorganisms, genetically engineered microorganisms, and bioelectrochemical techniques like microbial fuel cell. In this review, a nine-way directional approach which is based on the microbial resources reported over the last couple of decades has been described. Fungi were found to be the most dominant taxa among the CPAH-degrading microbial community constituting 52.2%, while bacteria, algae, and yeasts occupied 37.4%, 9.1%, and 1.3%, respectively. In addition to these, category-wise CPAH degrading efficiencies of each microbial taxon, consortium-based applications, CPAH degradation-related molecular tools, and factors affecting CPAH degradation are the other important aspects of this review in light of their appropriate selection and application in the PAH-contaminated environment for better human-health management in order to achieve a sustainable ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Banerjee
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Nitu Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Krishnendu Pramanik
- Microbiology and Microbial Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Panchanan Nagar, Vivekananda Street, Cooch Behar, 736101, West Bengal, India
| | - Manash Gope
- Department of Environmental Science, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, 713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Richik GhoshThakur
- Department of Environmental Studies, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Animesh Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Nayanmoni Gogoi
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Raza Rafiqul Hoque
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India
| | - Narayan Chandra Mandal
- Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India
| | - Srinivasan Balachandran
- Department of Environmental Studies, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, 731235, West Bengal, India.
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3
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Morales-Blancas GY, Reyna-Terán JD, Hernández-Eligio JA, Ortuño-Pineda C, Toribio-Jiménez J, Rodríguez-Barrera MÁ, Toledo-Hernández E, Rojas-Aparicio A, Romero-Ramírez Y. The catE gene of Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 is essential for growth in benzopyrene, and its expression is regulated by the Csr system. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:177. [PMID: 37115273 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Benzopyrene is a high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is highly recalcitrant and induces carcinogenic effects. CsrA is a conserved regulatory protein that controls the translation and stability of its target transcripts, having negative or positive effects depending on the target mRNAs. It is known that Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 has the ability to grow and survive in certain concentrations of hydrocarbons such as benzopyrene, prompted in part by CsrA, as is present in gasoline. However, there are a few studies that reveal the genes involved in that process. To identify the genes involved in the Bacillus licheniformis M2-7 degradation pathway, the plasmid pCAT-sp containing a mutation in the catE gene was constructed and used to transform B. licheniformis M2-7 and generate a CAT1 strain. We determined the capacity of the mutant B. licheniformis (CAT1) to grow in the presence of glucose or benzopyrene as a carbon source. We observed that the CAT1 strain presented increased growth in the presence of glucose but a statistically considerable decrease in the presence of benzopyrene compared with the wild-type parental strain. Additionally, we demonstrated that the Csr system positively regulates its expression since it was observed that the expression of the gene in the mutant strain LYA12 (M2-7 csrA:: Sp, SpR) was considerably lower than that in the wild-type strain. We were thus able to propose a putative regulation model for catE gene in B. licheniformis M2-7 strain by CsrA regulator in the presence of benzopyrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Yamilet Morales-Blancas
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - José Daniel Reyna-Terán
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - José Alberto Hernández-Eligio
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C. P. 62210, México
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Laboratorio de Ácidos Nucleicos y Proteínas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, 16 México. Av. Lázaro Cárdenas. Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - Erubiel Toledo-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - Augusto Rojas-Aparicio
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México
| | - Yanet Romero-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico- Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Avenida Lázaro Cárdenas sin número, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C. P. 39070, México.
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Zhao Z, Oury BM, Xia L, Qin Z, Pan X, Qian J, Luo F, Wu Y, Liu L, Wang W. The ecological response and distribution characteristics of microorganisms and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a retired coal gas plant post-thermal remediation site. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159314. [PMID: 36220477 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Thermal remediation is one of the most common approaches of removing organic pollutants in the retired contamination sites. However, little is known about the performance of bacterial community characteristics after in situ thermal remediation. In this study, the ecological response and spatial distributional characteristics of microorganisms and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated using a high throughput sequencing method in a retired coal gas plant site after in situ thermal remediation in Nanjing, China. Combination of Venn, clustering-correlation heatmap and two - factor correlation network analysis revealed that, microbial communities were obviously affected and classified by soil depths, temperature, and contamination level, respectively. The common and endemic microorganisms of each group were identified. The relative abundances of Thermaerobacter, Calditerricola, Brevibacillus, Ralstonia and Rhodococcus (aerobic bacteria) gradually declined with the increase of soil depth, while those of Bacillus, Fictibacillus, Paenibacillus, Rheinheimera presented opposite tendency. Some thermophilic degradation bacteria of PAHs, including Thermaerobacter, Calditerricola, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, unclassified_p__Firmicutes, Arthrobacter and Deinococcus, were identified and increased in the abundance at heavily polluted sites. Additionally, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Deinococcota, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota showed negative response to the increase of soil depth, temperature and pollution level, while Firmicutes presented a positive response. This implied that Firmicutes has better stress resistance and adaptability to thermal remediation condition. The key environmental factors affecting microorganism composition and distribution were Temperature, Total nitrogen, Oxidation-Reduction Potential, Organic matters, and PAHs concentrations, which explains the dominant driving mechanism of soil depth, temperature, and contamination level on microbial characteristics in thermal remediation site. Our study could contribute to a better understanding of the resilience and adaptation mechanisms of microbial community at the contaminated site after the in situ thermal remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Barry Mody Oury
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Liling Xia
- Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing 210016, China.
| | - Zhirui Qin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xiangyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jichan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Fangzhou Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Nanjing Qingzhan Environmental Engineering CO. Ltd, China
| | - Luqi Liu
- SUMEC Complete Equipment & Engineering CO. LTD, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Wei Wang
- SUMEC Complete Equipment & Engineering CO. LTD, Nanjing 210018, China
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5
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Nzila A, Musa MM, Afuecheta E, Al-Thukair A, Sankaran S, Xiang L, Li QX. Benzo[A]Pyrene Biodegradation by Multiple and Individual Mesophilic Bacteria under Axenic Conditions and in Soil Samples. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1855. [PMID: 36767220 PMCID: PMC9914810 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, only a handful of bacterial strains that can independently degrade and utilize benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as the sole carbon source has been isolated and characterized. Here, three new bacterial strains-JBZ1A, JBZ2B, and JBZ5E-were isolated from contaminated soil and, using 16S rRNA sequencing, were identified as Brad rhizobium japonicum, Micrococcus luteus, and Bacillus cereus, respectively. The growth ability of each individual strain and a consortium of all strains in the presence of BaP (4-400 µmol·L-1, pH 7, 37 °C) was identified by the doubling time (dt). The results illustrate that dt decreased with increasing BaP concentrations for individual strains and the consortium. The optimum growth conditions of the consortium were 37 °C, 0.5% NaCl (w/v), and pH 7. Under these conditions, the degradation rate was 1.06 µmol·L-1·day-1, whereas that of individual strains ranged from 0.9 to 0.38 µmol·L-1·day-1. B. cereus had the strongest contribution to the consortium's activity, with a degradation rate of 0.9 µmol·L-1·day-1. The consortium could also remove BaP spiked with soil but at a lower rate (0.01 µmol L-1.day-1). High-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry permitted the detection of the metabolites of these strains, and a biodegradation pathway is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Nzila
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musa M. Musa
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuel Afuecheta
- Departments of Mathematics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assad Al-Thukair
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Sankaran
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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Guo G, Liu C, Tian F, Ding K, Wang H, Zhang C, Yang F, Xu J. Bioaugmentation treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-polluted soil in a slurry bioreactor with a bacterial consortium and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:3231-3238. [PMID: 33945429 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1921042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the effect of bioaugmentation by the bacterial consortium YS with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) in a soil slurry. The bacterial consortium YS was enriched from a petroleum-polluted soil using pyrene as sole carbon resource. After 3 weeks, the degradation rate of phenanthrene in CK increased from 22.58% to 55.23 and 78.21% in bioaugmentation (B) and HPCD + bioaugmentation (MB) respectively. The degradation rate of pyrene in CK increased from 17.33% to 51.10% and 60.32% in B and MB respectively in the slurry. The augmented YS persisted in the slurry as monitored by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and outcompeted some indigenous bacteria. Enhanced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation was observed in the addition of HPCD due to the enhanced bioavailability of phenanthrene and pyrene. Additionally, the amount of PAH-degrading bacteria and enzymatic activity in bioaugmentation with HPCD were higher than that in the CK group. The results indicated that bioaugmentation with a bacterial consortium and HPCD is an environmentally friendly method for the bioremediation of PAH-polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Guo
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Liu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Tian
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqiang Ding
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiya Wang
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhang
- Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Chinese PLA, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- College of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Biodegradation of high molecular weight hydrocarbons under saline condition by halotolerant Bacillus subtilis and its mixed cultures with Pseudomonas species. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13227. [PMID: 35918482 PMCID: PMC9345985 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradation of high-molecular-weight petroleum hydrocarbons in saline conditions appears to be complicated and requires further investigation. This study used heavy crude oil to enrich petroleum-degrading bacteria from oil-contaminated saline soils. Strain HG 01, with 100% sequence similarity to Bacillus subtilis, grew at a wide range of salinities and degraded 55.5 and 77.2% of 500 mg/l pyrene and 500 mg/l tetracosane, respectively, at 5% w/v NaCl. Additionally, a mixed-culture of HG 01 with Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, named TMC, increased the yield of pyrene, and tetracosane degradation by about 20%. Replacing minimal medium with treated seawater (C/N/P adjusted to 100/10/1) enabled TMC to degrade more than 99% of pyrene and tetracosane, but TMC had lesser degradation in untreated seawater than in minimal medium. Also, the degradation kinetics of pyrene and tetracosane were fitted to a first-order model. Compared to B. subtilis, TMC increased pyrene and tetracosane's removal rate constant (K1) from 0.063 and 0.110 per day to 0.123 and 0.246 per day. TMC also increased the maximum specific growth rate of B. subtilis, P. putida, and P. aeruginosa, respectively, 45% higher in pyrene, 24.5% in tetracosane, and 123.4% and 95.4% higher in pyrene and tetracosane.
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An insight on microbial degradation of benzo[a]pyrene: current status and advances in research. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:61. [PMID: 35199223 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon produced as a result of incomplete combustion of organic substances. Over the years, the release of BaP in the atmosphere has increased rapidly, risking human lives. BaP can form bonds with DNA leading to the formation of DNA adducts thereby causing cancer. Therefore addressing the problem of its removal from the environment is quite pertinent though it calls for a very cumbersome and tedious process owing to its recalcitrant nature. To resolve such issues many efforts have been made to develop physical and chemical technologies of BaP degradation which have neither been cost-effective nor eco-friendly. Microbial degradation of BaP, on the other hand, has gained much attention due to added advantage of the high level of microbial diversity enabling great potential to degrade the substance without impairing environmental sustainability. Microorganisms produce enzymes like oxygenases, hydrolases and cytochrome P450 that enable BaP degradation. However, microbial degradation of BaP is restricted due to several factors related to its bio-availability and soil properties. Technologies like bio-augmentation and bio-stimulation have served to enhance the degradation rate of BaP. Besides, advanced technologies such as omics and nano-technology have opened new doors for a better future of microbial degradation of BaP and related compounds.
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Kaur G, Krol M, Brar SK. Geothermal heating: Is it a boon or a bane for bioremediation? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117609. [PMID: 34182401 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There has been a worldwide interest in renewable energy technologies, as a means of decreasing reliance on fossil fuels, minimizing climate change effects, and reducing greenhouse emissions. One such technology is geothermal heating where the constant subsurface temperature is used to cool or heat building interiors via heat pumps. In Canada, the use of geothermal heating has become a popular option for heating and cooling buildings, and it is anticipated that, in the near term, most large buildings will include geothermal heating as part of their climate control strategy. However, little is known about the environmental impacts of geothermal heating on the subsurface environment. The present review will examine the effect of geothermal heating on groundwater flow and remediation efforts, whereby the heat generated by geothermal systems may help with urban pollution. "Geothermal Remediation" could leverage the subsurface heating resulting from geothermal systems to accelerate biodegradation of certain petroleum-based pollutants at brown-field sites, while providing building(s) with sustainable heating and cooling. This idea coincides with the rising momentum towards sustainable and green remediation in Europe and the United States. To ensure that Geothermal Remediation is achievable, the effect of heat on bioremediation needs to be examined. This review provides an insight into what we know about heat effects on bioremediation activities and subsurface transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Magdalena Krol
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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Nzila A, Musa MM, Sankara S, Al-Momani M, Xiang L, Li QX. Degradation of benzo[a]pyrene by halophilic bacterial strain Staphylococcus haemoliticus strain 10SBZ1A. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247723. [PMID: 33630955 PMCID: PMC7939701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The exploitation of petroleum oil generates a considerable amount of “produced water or petroleum waste effluent (PWE)” that is contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). PWE is characterised by its high salinity, which can be as high as 30% NaCl, thus the exploitation of biodegradation to remove PAHs necessitates the use of active halophilic microbes. The strain 10SBZ1A was isolated from oil contaminated soils, by enrichment experiment in medium containing 10% NaCl (w/v). Homology analyses of 16S rRNA sequences identified 10SBZ1A as a Staphylococcus haemoliticus species, based on 99.99% homology (NCBI, accession number GI: MN388897). The strain could grow in the presence of 4–200 μmol l-1 of BaP as the sole source of carbon, with a doubling time of 17–42 h. This strain optimum conditions for growth were 37 oC, 10% NaCl (w/v) and pH 7, and under these conditions, it degraded BaP at a rate of 0.8 μmol l-1 per day. The strain 10SBZ1A actively degraded PAHs of lower molecular weights than that of BaP, including pyrene, phenanthrene, anthracene. This strain was also capable of removing 80% of BaP in the context of soil spiked with BaP (10 μmol l-1 in 100 g of soil) within 30 days. Finally, a metabolic pathway of BaP was proposed, based on the identified metabolites using liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a halophilic BaP degrading bacterial strain at salinity > 5% NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Nzila
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Musa M. Musa
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Sankara
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Al-Momani
- Department of Mathematics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
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11
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Current Status of and Future Perspectives in Bacterial Degradation of Benzo[a]pyrene. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010262. [PMID: 33396411 PMCID: PMC7795093 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is one the main pollutants belonging to the high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs) class and its degradation by microorganisms remains an important strategy for its removal from the environment. Extensive studies have been carried out on the isolation and characterisation of microorganisms that can actively degrade low-molecular-weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs), and to a certain extent, the HMW-PAH pyrene. However, so far, limited work has been carried out on BaP biodegradation. BaP consists of five fused aromatic rings, which confers this compound a high chemical stability, rendering it less amenable to biodegradation. The current review summarizes the emerging reports on BaP biodegradation. More specifically, work carried out on BaP bacterial degradation and current knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of BaP degradation are highlighted. Moreover, new avenues of research on BaP degradation are proposed, specifically in the context of the development of "omics" approaches.
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12
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Giovanella P, Vieira GAL, Ramos Otero IV, Pais Pellizzer E, de Jesus Fontes B, Sette LD. Metal and organic pollutants bioremediation by extremophile microorganisms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 382:121024. [PMID: 31541933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Extremophiles comprise microorganisms that are able to grow and thrive in extreme environments, including in an acidic or alkaline pH, high or low temperatures, high concentrations of pollutants, and salts, among others. These organisms are promising for environmental biotechnology due to their unique physiological and enzymatic characteristics, which allow them to survive in harsh environments. Due to the stability and persistence of these microorganisms under adverse environmental conditions, they can be used for the bioremediation of environments contaminated with extremely recalcitrant pollutants. Here, we provide an overview of extremophiles and the role of "omics" in the field of bioremediation of environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons, textile dyes and metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Giovanella
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela A L Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Igor V Ramos Otero
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Elisa Pais Pellizzer
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Jesus Fontes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Lara D Sette
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
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13
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Mehetre GT, Dastager SG, Dharne MS. Biodegradation of mixed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by pure and mixed cultures of biosurfactant producing thermophilic and thermo-tolerant bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 679:52-60. [PMID: 31082602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Applicability of thermophilic and thermo-tolerant microorganisms for biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with low water solubility is an interesting strategy for improving the biodegradation efficiency. In this study, we evaluated utility of thermophilic and thermo-tolerant bacteria isolated from Unkeshwar hot spring (India) for biodegradation of four different PAHs. Water samples were enriched in mineral salt medium (MSM) containing a mixture of four PAHs compounds (anthracene: ANT, fluorene: FLU, phenanthrene: PHE and pyrene: PYR) at 37 °C and 50 °C. After growth based screening, four potent strains obtained which were identified as Aeribacillus pallidus (UCPS2), Bacillus axarquiensis (UCPD1), Bacillus siamensis (GHP76) and Bacillus subtilis subsp. inaquosorum (U277) based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Degradation of mixed PAH compounds was evaluated by pure as well as mixed cultures under shake flask conditions using MSM supplemented with 200 mg/L concentration of PAHs (50 mg/L of each compound) for 15 days at 37 °C and 50 °C. A relatively higher degradation of ANT (92%- 96%), FLU (83% - 86%), PHE (16% - 54%) and PYR (51% - 71%) was achieved at 50 °C by Aeribacillus sp. (UCPS2) and mixed culture. Furthermore, crude oil was used as a substrate to study the degradation of same PAHs using these organisms which also revealed with similar results with the higher degradation at 50 °C. Interestingly, PAH-degrading strains were also positive for biosurfactant production. Biosurfactants were identified as the variants of surfactins (lipopeptide biosurfactants) based on analytical tools and phylogenetic analysis of the surfactin genes. Overall, this study has shown that hot spring microbes may have a potential for PAHs degradation and also biosurfactant production at a higher temperature, which could provide a novel perspective for removal of PAHs residues from oil contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan T Mehetre
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Syed G Dastager
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Mahesh S Dharne
- National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms (NCIM), CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
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14
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Current Status of the Degradation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Thermophilic Microbes and Future Perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122782. [PMID: 30544637 PMCID: PMC6313336 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the environment by petroleum products is a growing concern worldwide, and strategies to remove these contaminants have been evaluated. One of these strategies is biodegradation, which consists of the use of microorganisms. Biodegradation is significantly improved by increasing the temperature of the medium, thus, the use of thermophiles, microbes that thrive in high-temperature environments, will render this process more efficient. For instance, various thermophilic enzymes have been used in industrial biotechnology because of their unique catalytic properties. Biodegradation has been extensively studied in the context of mesophilic microbes, and the mechanisms of biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons have been elucidated. However, in comparison, little work has been carried out on the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by thermophiles. In this paper, a detailed review of the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (both aliphatic and aromatic) by thermophiles was carried out. This work has identified the characteristics of thermophiles, and unraveled specific catabolic pathways of petroleum products that are only found with thermophiles. Gaps that limit our understanding of the activity of these microbes have also been highlighted, and, finally, different strategies that can be used to improve the efficiency of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by thermophiles were proposed.
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