1
|
Cheng X, Yang J, Zhang C, Tang T, Zhao X, Ye Q. Carbon-14 labeled transformation of atrazine in soils: Comparison of superabsorbent hydrogel coating and technical material. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175584. [PMID: 39155004 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine exhibits adverse effects on diverse organisms in both terrestrial and aquatic environments, even though it effectively targets specific organisms. This study employed superabsorbent hydrogels to coat 14C-atrazine coupled with a four-compartment model to determine the fate of this herbicide in three oxic soils over a 100-day incubation period. Mineralization of atrazine was limited in all soils, with rates remaining below 3.5 %. The encapsulation treatment reduced mineralization of atrazine in soil A and soil B. Bound residues ranged from 26.1 to 43.6 % at 100 d. The encapsulation treatment enhanced the degradation of atrazine and reduced the content of deethylatrazine in soil A, but significantly increased the content of deisopropylatrazine in soil A and hydroxyatrazine in soil C. Using the obtained data, we also constructed a four-compartment model to clarify the relationships among the parent compound, degradation products, bound residues, and mineralization. This model accurately fits the fate of atrazine in the present work. Additionally, the correlation study suggested that both soil parameters and superabsorbent hydrogels played significant roles in influencing atrazine transformation. These findings serve as a reference for evaluating the environmental impact of superabsorbent hydrogels in atrazine pollution reduction and offer a foundational model approach for a comprehensive understanding of organic pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Jingying Yang
- Radiolabeled DMPK & BA Laboratory, Pharmaron (Ningbo) Technology Development Co. Ltd., Ningbo 315336, PR China.
| | - Chunrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Xueping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, PR China.
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mangold S, Hornák K, Bartolomé N, Hilber I, Bucheli TD. Concomitant determination of pesticides in soil and drainage water over a potato cropping season reveal dissipations largely in accordance with respective models. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:173971. [PMID: 38876342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used in agriculture where they do not only reach their targets but also distribute to other environmental compartments and negatively affect non-target organisms. To prospectively assess their environmental risk, several tools and models using pesticide persistence (DT50) and leaching potential (groundwater ubiquity score (GUS), EXPOSIT) have been developed. Here, we simultaneously quantified 18 pesticides in soil and drainage water during a conventionally grown potato culture at field scale with high temporal resolution and compared our findings with predictions of the above models. Overall dissipations of all freshly applied compounds in soil were in line with published DT50 field values and their occurrences in drainage water were generally consistent with GUS and EXPOSIT models, respectively. In contrast, soil concentrations of the legacy pesticide atrazine and one of its transformation products (atrazine-2-hydroxy) were constant during the entire sampling campaign. Moreover, during peak discharge atrazine concentrations in drainage water were diluted whereas those of freshly applied pesticides were maximal. This difference demonstrates that the applied risk assessment tools were capable of predicting environmental concentrations and dissipation of pesticides at the short and medium time scale of a few half-lives after application, but fell short of capturing long-term trace residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mangold
- Division of Methods Development and Analytics, Agroscope, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Karel Hornák
- Division of Methods Development and Analytics, Agroscope, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nora Bartolomé
- Division of Methods Development and Analytics, Agroscope, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Hilber
- Division of Methods Development and Analytics, Agroscope, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas D Bucheli
- Division of Methods Development and Analytics, Agroscope, 8046 Zürich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hellal A, Abdelsalam H, Tawfik W, Ibrahim MA. Assessment of doped graphene in the removal of atrazine from water. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21994. [PMID: 39313549 PMCID: PMC11420202 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrazine is a widely used toxic herbicide that poses a threat to both the environment and human health. This study investigates the removal of Atrazine from water through armchair-hexagonal hexagonal graphene quantum dots (AHEX) simulations. The investigations are performed using density functional theory at the exchange-correlation hybrid functional B3LYP/3-21G level of theory. The activity of pristine AHEX, with a total dipole moment of 0.0 (debye), is enhanced by doping with boron (B), nitrogen (N), and sulfur atoms (S), resulting in increased total dipole moments of 8.99, 5.29, and 4.14 Debye respectively. This enhancement occurs without any structural deformation due to the doping process. Our results show significant adsorption capacity of the doped nanographene for Atrazine, evidenced by the high adsorption energies of 0.52 eV for boron, 0.62 eV for nitrogen, and 2.97 eV for sulfur. Charge distribution on the atrazine complexes further confirms effective interaction, with values of 0.03, - 0.018, and 0.032 (e). UV-vis spectroscopy reveals that the prominent absorption peaks of boron and nitrogen-doped samples, initially at ~ 658.8 and 431 nm, undergo a redshift to ~ 676 and 444.3 nm after adsorption, respectively. This redshift aligns with the dominant excitation moving to lower energies following adsorption. Conversely, the sulfurated nanographene shows a blue shift from 980.66 to 485.41 nm. These findings highlight the potential of doped nanographene as an effective treatment for atrazine-contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hellal
- Department of Laser in Meteorology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA), National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Hazem Abdelsalam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, 224051, People's Republic of China
- Theoretical Physics Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth Str., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Walid Tawfik
- Department of Laser in Meteorology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA), National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Medhat A Ibrahim
- Spectroscopy Department, National Research Centre, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
- Molecular Modeling and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Science, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Wang Y, Chen Q, Tan X, Hu X, An Y, Liu M. Aptamer molecular gate functionalized mesoporous SiO 2@MB controlled-release system for pollutant detection using Ti(Ⅲ) self-doped TiO 2 NTs as active photoanode coupled with electrostatic modulation. Talanta 2024; 277:126409. [PMID: 38897014 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is a widely used herbicide that can cause serious harm to organisms and ecosystems. An immobilization-free photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor has been herein developed for ATZ based on aptamer molecular gate functionalized mesoporous SiO2@MB controlled release system. Compared with traditional immobilization-based sensors, immobilization-free sensors (IFSs) avoid the modification of the recognition element on the electrode surface. Mesoporous SiO2 with large surface area and good biocompatibility can be used as nanocontainers to stably encapsulate the signal shuttle molecule methylene blue (MB). The bifunctional aptamer (APT) is used not only as the recognition element for ATZ but also as the signal switch to block or release MB. In the presence of ATZ, the specific recognition between ATZ and APT will cause the detachment of APT from the surface of SiO2, thus the molecular gate will open and release MB. Due to pH modulation, the positively charged MB can reach the surface of the negatively charged Ti(III) self-doped TiO2 NTs (Ti(III)-TiO2 NTs) electrode to act as an electron donor, which increases the photocurrent. The immobilization-free aptasensor has shown ultrasensitive detection of ATZ with a wide linear range from 1.0 pM to 100.0 nM and a low detection limit of 0.1 pM. In addition, the sensor has excellent selectivity, stability and anti-interference ability, and has been used in real water sample analysis successfully. This strategy has provided a new idea for the design of advanced immobilization-free PEC sensors for environmental pollutant detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Qichen Chen
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaojiang Tan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xialin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yarui An
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Meichuan Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Aguzie IO, Oriaku CU, Agbo FI, Ukwueze VO, Asogwa CN, Ikele CB, Aguzie IJ, Ossai NI, Eyo JE, Nwani CD. Single and mixture exposure to atrazine and ciprofloxacin on Clarias gariepinus antioxidant defense status, hepatic condition and immune response. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 110:104523. [PMID: 39089401 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATRA) and ciprofloxacin (CPRO) are widely detected, persistent and co-existing aquatic pollutants. This study investigated effects of 14-day single and joint ATRA and CPRO exposure on juvenile Clarias gariepinus. Standard bioassay methods were used to determine responses of oxidative stress, hepatic condition, and immunological biomarkers on days 7 and 14. Seven groups were used: Control, CPROEC, CPROSubl, ATRAEC, ATRASubl, CPROEC+ATRAEC, and CPROSubl+ATRASubl. The test substances caused decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Lipid peroxidation was elevated, especially in CPRO-ATRA mixtures. Serum aminotransferases (ALT, and AST), and alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly. Total protein, albumin, total immunoglobulin, and respiratory burst decreased significantly. Therefore, single and joint exposure to CPRO and ATRA poses adverse consequences on aquatic life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifeanyi O Aguzie
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria.
| | | | - Faith I Agbo
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Vera O Ukwueze
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Chinweike N Asogwa
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Chika B Ikele
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Ijeoma J Aguzie
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Nelson I Ossai
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Joseph E Eyo
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| | - Christopher D Nwani
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wilson PC, Hinz FO, Farrell I. Impacts of Fulvic Acid on the Toxicity of the Herbicide Atrazine to Lemna minor. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 112:77. [PMID: 38758236 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Fulvic acids (FA) are environmentally prevalent components of dissolved organic carbon. Little research has evaluated their potential influence on the bioavailability of herbicides to non-target aquatic plants. This study evaluated the potential impacts of FA on the bioavailability of atrazine (ATZ) to the aquatic plant Lemna minor. Plants were exposed to 0, 15, 30, 60, 125, and 750 µg/L ATZ in media containing three FA concentrations (0, 5, and 15 mg/L) in a factorial study under static conditions. Fronds were counted after 7- and 14-days exposure and intrinsic growth rates (IGR) and total frond yields were calculated for analysis. Atrazine NOAECs and LOAECs within each FA treatment series (0, 5, or 15 mg/L) were identified and EC50s were estimated. NOAEC/LOAECs for yield and IGR were 60/125 µg/L except for yield in the 0 mg/L-FA series (30/60) and IGR in the 5 mg/L-FA series (30/60). NOAEC/LOAECs were 30/60 µg/L for all treatments and both endpoints after 14 days exposure. EC50s ranged from 88.2 to 106.1 µg/L (frond production 7 DAT), 158.0-186.0 µg/L (IGR, 7 DAT), 74.7-86.3 µg/L (frond production, 14 DAT), and 144.1-151.3 µg/L (IGR, 14 DAT). FA concentrations did not influence the toxicity of ATZ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Chris Wilson
- Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences Department, University of Florida/IFAS, 2181 McCarty Hall A, PO Box 110290, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Francisca O Hinz
- Soil, Water, and Ecosystem Sciences Department, University of Florida/IFAS, 2181 McCarty Hall A, PO Box 110290, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Ilana Farrell
- Department of Geology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mayer L, Degrendele C, Šenk P, Kohoutek J, Přibylová P, Kukučka P, Melymuk L, Durand A, Ravier S, Alastuey A, Baker AR, Baltensperger U, Baumann-Stanzer K, Biermann T, Bohlin-Nizzetto P, Ceburnis D, Conil S, Couret C, Degórska A, Diapouli E, Eckhardt S, Eleftheriadis K, Forster GL, Freier K, Gheusi F, Gini MI, Hellén H, Henne S, Herrmann H, Holubová Šmejkalová A, Hõrrak U, Hüglin C, Junninen H, Kristensson A, Langrene L, Levula J, Lothon M, Ludewig E, Makkonen U, Matejovičová J, Mihalopoulos N, Mináriková V, Moche W, Noe SM, Pérez N, Petäjä T, Pont V, Poulain L, Quivet E, Ratz G, Rehm T, Reimann S, Simmons I, Sonke JE, Sorribas M, Spoor R, Swart DPJ, Vasilatou V, Wortham H, Yela M, Zarmpas P, Zellweger Fäsi C, Tørseth K, Laj P, Klánová J, Lammel G. Widespread Pesticide Distribution in the European Atmosphere Questions their Degradability in Air. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38323876 PMCID: PMC10882970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Risk assessment of pesticide impacts on remote ecosystems makes use of model-estimated degradation in air. Recent studies suggest these degradation rates to be overestimated, questioning current pesticide regulation. Here, we investigated the concentrations of 76 pesticides in Europe at 29 rural, coastal, mountain, and polar sites during the agricultural application season. Overall, 58 pesticides were observed in the European atmosphere. Low spatial variation of 7 pesticides suggests continental-scale atmospheric dispersal. Based on concentrations in free tropospheric air and at Arctic sites, 22 pesticides were identified to be prone to long-range atmospheric transport, which included 15 substances approved for agricultural use in Europe and 7 banned ones. Comparison between concentrations at remote sites and those found at pesticide source areas suggests long atmospheric lifetimes of atrazine, cyprodinil, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, terbuthylazine, and thiacloprid. In general, our findings suggest that atmospheric transport and persistence of pesticides have been underestimated and that their risk assessment needs to be improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Mayer
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Céline Degrendele
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Petr Šenk
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiři Kohoutek
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Přibylová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kukučka
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Amandine Durand
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Sylvain Ravier
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Andres Alastuey
- Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Alex R Baker
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Urs Baltensperger
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | | | - Tobias Biermann
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | | | - Darius Ceburnis
- School of Natural Sciences and Centre for Climate and Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Sébastien Conil
- DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, ANDRA, Bure 55290, France
| | - Cédric Couret
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze 82475 Germany
| | - Anna Degórska
- Institute of Environmental Protection, National Research Institute, Warsaw 02-170, Poland
| | - Evangelia Diapouli
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Sabine Eckhardt
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller 2007, Norway
| | - Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Grant L Forster
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - François Gheusi
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Maria I Gini
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Heidi Hellén
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki 00560, Finland
| | - Stephan Henne
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Adéla Holubová Šmejkalová
- National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice, KošeticeCzech Hydrometeorological Institute, Košetice 395 01, Czech Republic
| | - Urmas Hõrrak
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Christoph Hüglin
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Heikki Junninen
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | | | - Laurent Langrene
- DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, ANDRA, Bure 55290, France
| | - Janne Levula
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
| | - Marie Lothon
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | | | - Ulla Makkonen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki 00560, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Steffen M Noe
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Noemí Pérez
- Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Tuukka Petäjä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
| | - Véronique Pont
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Etienne Quivet
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Gabriela Ratz
- Bavarian Environment Agency, Augsburg 86179, Germany
| | - Till Rehm
- Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Zugspitze 82475, Germany
| | - Stefan Reimann
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Simmons
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik EH260QB; United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen E Sonke
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Mar Sorribas
- Atmospheric Sounding Station El Arenosillo, National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA), Huelva 21130, Spain
| | - Ronald Spoor
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3721, MA, the Netherlands
| | - Daan P J Swart
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3721, MA, the Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Vasilatou
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Henri Wortham
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Margarita Yela
- Atmospheric Sounding Station El Arenosillo, National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA), Huelva 21130, Spain
| | - Pavlos Zarmpas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion 715 00, Greece
| | - Claudia Zellweger Fäsi
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Kjetil Tørseth
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller 2007, Norway
| | - Paolo Laj
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
- Institut des Géoscience de l'Environnement, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38058, France
| | - Jana Klánová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yoon Y, Cho M. Understanding atrazine elimination via treatment of the enzyme-based Fenton reaction: Kinetics, mechanism, reaction pathway, and metabolites toxicity. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140982. [PMID: 38103653 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The degradation kinetics and mechanism of atrazine (ATZ) via an enzyme-based Fenton reaction were investigated at various substrate concentrations and pH values. Toxicological assessment was conducted on ATZ and its degradation products, and the associated reaction pathway was examined. The in situ production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was monitored within the range of 3-15 mM, depending on the increase in glucose concentration, while decreasing the pH to 3.2-5.1 (initial pH of 5.8) or 6.5-7.4 (initial pH of 7.7). The degradation efficiency of ATZ was approximately 2-3 times higher at an initial pH of 5.8 with lower glucose concentrations than at an initial pH of 7.7 with higher substrate concentrations during the enzyme-based Fenton reaction. The apparent pseudo-first-order rate constant for H2O2 decomposition under various conditions in the presence of ferric citrate was 1.9-6.3 × 10-5 s-1. The •OH concentration ([•OH]ss) during the enzyme-based Fenton reaction was 0.5-4.1 × 10-14 M, and the second-order rate constant for ATZ degradation was 1.5-3.3 × 109 M-1 s-1. ATZ intrinsically hinders the growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana, and its inhibitory effect is marginal, depending on the reaction time of the enzyme-based Fenton process. The ATZ transformation during this process occurs through dealkylation, hydroxylation, and dechlorination via •OH-mediated reactions. The degradation kinetics, mechanism, and toxicological assessment in the present study could contribute to the development and application of enzyme-based Fenton reactions for in situ pollutant abatement. Moreover, the enzyme-based Fenton reaction could be an environmentally benign and applicable approach for eliminating persistent organic matter, such as herbicides, using diverse H2O2-producing microbes and ubiquitous ferric iron with organic complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younggun Yoon
- Division of Biotechnology, SELS Center, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea.
| | - Min Cho
- Division of Biotechnology, SELS Center, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Desdion Q, Bessac F, Hoyau S. Atrazine Desorption Mechanism from an Hydrated Calcium Montmorillonite-A DFT Molecular Dynamics Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1604. [PMID: 38338882 PMCID: PMC10855099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrazine is one of the most widely used herbicide molecules in the triazine family. Despite its interdiction in the European Union in 2004, atrazine and its main degradation products remain among the most frequently found molecules in freshwater reservoirs in many European Union countries. Our study aims in obtaining insight into the desorption process of atrazine from the main soil absorbent material: clay. Constrained Molecular Dynamics simulations within the Density Functional Theory framework allow us to obtain a free energy desorption profile of atrazine from a Ca2+-montmorillonite surface. The results are interpreted in terms of atrazine inclination to the clay surface and moreover, in terms of hydration states of the cations present in the clay interlayer as well as the hydration state of the atrazine. The desorption mechanism is driven by atrazine alkyl groups and their sizes because of dispersion stabilizing effects. The highest barrier corresponds to the loss of the isopropyl interaction with the surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Desdion
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, CNRS (UMR 5626), 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (Q.D.); (S.H.)
- Ecole d’Ingénieurs de Purpan, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse INP, 75 Voie du TOEC, BP 57611, Cedex 03, F-31076 Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne Bessac
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, CNRS (UMR 5626), 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (Q.D.); (S.H.)
- Ecole d’Ingénieurs de Purpan, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse INP, 75 Voie du TOEC, BP 57611, Cedex 03, F-31076 Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Hoyau
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III, CNRS (UMR 5626), 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (Q.D.); (S.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Grondona SI, Lima ML, Massone HE, Miglioranza KSB. Pesticides in aquifers from Latin America and the Caribbean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165992. [PMID: 37536597 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), agriculture is the primary consumer of water and the biggest user of pesticides worldwide. Given that groundwater is a crucial resource in this region, a systematic review was conducted to evaluate the current state of knowledge on the presence of pesticides in aquifers. The review examined 48 research papers published between 1998 and 2020, and found that only six countries in the region have information on pesticides in groundwater. A total of 70 agrochemicals were detected, encompassing legacy pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and metabolites. Herbicides, including the widely used atrazine and glyphosate, were the most commonly detected current-use pesticides. These herbicides are being gradually banned or restricted due to their potentially harmful effects on the environment. Factors that contribute to the presence of these contaminants in aquifers include preferential flows, seasonal variations in rainfall, aquifer type, unsaturated zone thickness, and land use and management practices. Researchers noted that analysis of these contaminants is often beyond the economic or methodological scope, and analytical capacity in the region is generally limited. Based on the findings of this review, there is a clear need for groundwater pesticide monitoring in the region to reduce health risks to humans and ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Iván Grondona
- Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Bs. As. Mar del Plata, Argentina, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina; Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental (ECoA), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - María Lourdes Lima
- Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Bs. As. Mar del Plata, Argentina, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Héctor Enrique Massone
- Instituto de Geología de Costas y del Cuaternario, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas Bs. As. Mar del Plata, Argentina, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Karina Silvia Beatriz Miglioranza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental (ECoA), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Funes 3350, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Satapute P, De Britto S, Hadimani S, Abdelrahman M, Alarifi S, Govind SR, Jogaiah S. Bacterial chemotaxis of herbicide atrazine provides an insight into the degradation mechanism through intermediates hydroxyatrazine, N-N-isopropylammelide, and cyanuric acid compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 237:117017. [PMID: 37652220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, the herbicide atrazine (ATZ) has been commonly used before and after the cultivation of crop plants to manage grassy weeds. Despite its effect, the toxic residues of ATZ affect soil fertility and crop yield. Hence, the current study is focused on providing insight into the degradation mechanism of the herbicide atrazine through bacterial chemotaxis involving intermediates responsive to degradation. A bacterium was isolated from ATZ-contaminated soil and identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri based on its morphology, biochemical and molecular characterization. Upon ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis, the free cells of isolated bacterium strain was found to utilize 174 μg/L of ATZ after 3-days of incubation on a mineral salt medium containing 200 μg/L of ATZ as a sole carbon source. It was observed that immobilized based degradation of ATZ yielded 198 μg/L and 190 μg/L by the cells entrapped with silica beads and sponge, respectively. Furthermore, the liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy revealed that the secretion of three significant metabolites, namely, cyanuric acid, hydroxyatrazine and N- N-Isopropylammelide is responsive to the biodegradation of ATZ by the bacterium. Collectively, this research demonstrated that bacterium strains are the most potent agent for removing toxic pollutants from the environment, thereby enhancing crop yield and soil fertility with long-term environmental benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Satapute
- Laboratory of Plant Healthcare and Diagnostics, P.G. Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, Karnataka, India
| | - Savitha De Britto
- Division of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, University of Goroka, Goroka, 441, Papua New Guinea
| | - Shiva Hadimani
- Laboratory of Plant Healthcare and Diagnostics, P.G. Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sudisha Jogaiah
- Laboratory of Plant Healthcare and Diagnostics, P.G. Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, Karnataka, India; Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Kerala, Tejaswini Hills, Periye (PO), 671316, Kasaragod (DT), Kerala, India.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abarikwu SO, Ezim OE, Ikeji CN, Farombi EO. Atrazine: cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, testicular effects and chemopreventive Interventions. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1246708. [PMID: 37876981 PMCID: PMC10590919 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1246708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is an environmental pollutant that interferes with several aspects of mammalian cellular processes including germ cell development, immunological, reproductive and neurological functions. At the level of human exposure, ATZ reduces sperm count and contribute to infertility in men. ATZ also induces morphological changes similar to apoptosis and initiates mitochondria-dependent cell death in several experimental models. When in vitro experimental models are exposed to ATZ, they are faced with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytotoxicity and decreased growth rate at dosages that may vary with cell types. This results in differing cytotoxic responses that are influenced by the nature of target cells, assay types and concentrations of ATZ. However, oxidative stress could play salient role in the observed cellular and genetic toxicity and apoptosis-like effects which could be abrogated by antioxidant vitamins and flavonoids, including vitamin E, quercetin, kolaviron, myricetin and bioactive extractives with antioxidant effects. This review focuses on the differential responses of cell types to ATZ toxicity, testicular effects of ATZ in both in vitro and in vivo models and chemopreventive strategies, so as to highlight the current state of the art on the toxicological outcomes of ATZ exposure in several experimental model systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunny O. Abarikwu
- Reproductive Biology and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Ogechukwu E. Ezim
- Reproductive Biology and Molecular Toxicology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria
| | - Cynthia N. Ikeji
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O. Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo HW, Jiang JM, Wang X, Li M, Ding JJ, Hong WJ, Guo LH. Contaminant occurrence, water quality criteria and tiered ecological risk assessment in water: A case study of antifouling biocides in the Qiantang River and its estuary, Eastern China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115311. [PMID: 37480803 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling biocides may cause adverse effects on non-target species. This study aims to determine the distribution, sources, and ecological risks of antifouling biocides in the surface waters of the Qiantang River and its estuary in eastern China. The concentrations of total antifouling biocides were ranged from 12.9 to 215 ng/L for all water samples. Atrazine, diuron and tributyltin were the major compounds in the water bodies of the study area. The acute and chronic toxicity criteria for tributyltin, diuron and atrazine were derived for freshwater and saltwater, respectively, based on the species sensitivity distribution approach. The freshwater and saltwater criteria were slightly different, and the toxicity to aquatic organisms could be summarized as tributyltin > diuron > atrazine. The graded ecological risk rating showed that the long-term risk of TBT was significant in coastal waters. The pollution of TBT in the Qiantang River deserves further attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wei Luo
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jian-Ming Jiang
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Xun Wang
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jin-Jian Ding
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Wen-Jun Hong
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China; Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Q, Peng L, Zhou Z, Li C, Chen C, Wang Y, Que X. Promoted dissipation and detoxification of atrazine by graphene oxide coexisting in water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:81164-81173. [PMID: 37314562 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27276-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide atrazine (ATZ) has a detrimental effect on the health of aquatic ecosystems and has become a global concern in recent years. But the understanding of its persistence and potential toxicity under combined pollution, especially in the coexistence of other emerging pollutants, remains limited. In this work, the dissipation and transformation of ATZ in combination with graphene oxide (GO) in water were investigated. Results showed that dissipation rates of ATZ dramatically increased by 15-95% with half-lives shortened by 15-40% depending on initial concentrations of ATZ, and the products were mainly toxic chloro-dealkylated intermediates (deethylatrazine (DEA) and deisopropylatrazine (DIA)), but their contents were significantly lower under the coexistence of GO compared to ATZ alone. In the presence of GO, the nontoxic dechlorinated metabolite hydroxyatrazine (HYA) was detected earlier than 2-9 days, and ATZ transformation into HYA was increased by 6-18% during 21-day incubation periods. This study indicated that the coexistence of GO enhanced the dissipation and detoxification of ATZ. From a remediation standpoint, GO-induced hydrolytic dechlorination of ATZ can reduce its ecological toxicity. But the environmental risks of ATZ for aquatic ecosystem under the coexistence of GO should still be given the necessary prominence due to the potential hazard of ATZ adsorbed on GO and the predominant degradation products (DEA and DIA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Wang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Peng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixin Zhou
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Cui Li
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoe Que
- Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang P, Du J, Cao L, Gao J, Li Q, Sun Y, Shao N, Zhang Y, Xu G. Effects of prometryn on oxidative stress, immune response and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis (Crustacea: Decapoda). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115159. [PMID: 37356403 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Prometryn, a triazine pesticide product used to control weed growth, poses a high risk to aquatic organisms in the environment. Several toxicological evaluations have been performed on bony fish and shrimp exposed to prometryn. However, there have been no reports conducted on the toxic mechanism of prometryn with regard to Eriocheir sinensis. In this study, our research evaluated the toxic effects of prometryn via in vitro and in vivo toxicity tests on E. sinensis. Firstly, we estimated the exposure toxicity of prometryn to E. sinensis, and then we constructed a 6 h transcriptional profile and conducted an enrichment analysis. To further reveal the toxicity of prometryn, the hepatopancreas (hepatopancreatic cells) was analyzed for antioxidant, immune and lipid-metabolism-related enzymes, antioxidant- and apoptosis-related gene expression, histopathology and TUNEL. From the results, we determined that the 96 h-LD50 was 70.059 mg/kg, and using RNA-seq, we identified 933 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), which were mainly enriched in the amino and fatty acid metabolism and the cell-fate-determination-related signaling pathway. The results of the biochemical assays showed that prometryn could significantly decrease the activities/levels of CAT, SOD, GSH, AKP and ACP, reduce the levels of T-AOC, TG, TCH, C3 and C4, and increase the MDA content. In addition, the expression levels of Nrf2, GSTs and HO-1 were first upregulated and then downregulated with increasing time. Histopathology showed that prometryn damaged the structure of the hepatopancreas cells and induced apoptosis, suggesting that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway may be involved in the damage process of hepatopancreas cells (PI3K, PDK and Akt were downregulated whereas Bax was upregulated), leading to their apoptosis. The above results indicated that prometryn could cause injury of the hepatopancreas through oxidative stress, induce cell apoptosis, disrupt the lipid metabolism and cause immune damage. This study provided useful data for understanding and evaluating the toxicity of prometryn to aquatic crustacea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jinliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Jiancao Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Quanjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Nailin Shao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
De Caroli Vizioli B, Silva da Silva G, Ferreira de Medeiros J, Montagner CC. Atrazine and its degradation products in drinking water source and supply: Risk assessment for environmental and human health in Campinas, Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139289. [PMID: 37348619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is a broad-spectrum herbicide widely used worldwide to control grassy and broadleaf weeds. Atrazine's popularity is attributable to its cost-effectiveness and reliable performance. Relatedly, it is also an important micropollutant with a potential negative impact on biodiversity and human health. Atrazine has long been regularly detected in several environmental compartments, and its widespread use has resulted in ubiquitous and unpreventable contamination. Among pesticides sold in Brazil, atrazine has remained among the top-ranked active ingredients for the last several years. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of atrazine and three degradation products (hydroxyatrazine, desisopropylatrazine, and desethylatrazine) in surface water (Capivari and Atibaia rivers) and treated water, monthly sampling from two drinking water treatment plants in Campinas (São Paulo, Brazil). An analytical method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed to determine target compounds simultaneously. The method presented instrument quantification limits from 0.5 to 4.0 ng mL-1 and recovery values from 80 to 112%, with a maximum relative standard deviation of 6%. All analytes had a detection frequency of 100% from 2 to 2744 ng L-1. Statistical analysis showed no analyte removal after conventional water treatment. Also, the Capivari River showed greater analyte concentration than the Atibaia River. Performed risk assessments according to current Brazilian standards showed no human and environmental health risks. However, other risk assessment approaches may indicate potential risks, advocating for further research and ongoing surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz De Caroli Vizioli
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Giulia Silva da Silva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssyca Ferreira de Medeiros
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Carolina Montagner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Richards LA, Guo S, Lapworth DJ, White D, Civil W, Wilson GJL, Lu C, Kumar A, Ghosh A, Khamis K, Krause S, Polya DA, Gooddy DC. Emerging organic contaminants in the River Ganga and key tributaries in the middle Gangetic Plain, India: Characterization, distribution & controls. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 327:121626. [PMID: 37054870 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The presence and distribution of emerging organic contaminants (EOCs) in freshwater environments is a key issue in India and globally, particularly due to ecotoxicological and potential antimicrobial resistance concerns. Here we have investigated the composition and spatial distribution of EOCs in surface water along a ∼500 km segment of the iconic River Ganges (Ganga) and key tributaries in the middle Gangetic Plain of Northern India. Using a broad screening approach, in 11 surface water samples, we identified 51 EOCs, comprising of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, lifestyle and industrial chemicals. Whilst the majority of EOCs detected were a mixture of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, lifestyle chemicals (and particularly sucralose) occurred at the highest concentrations. Ten of the EOCs detected are priority compounds (e.g. sulfamethoxazole, diuron, atrazine, chlorpyrifos, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorobutane sulfonate, thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, clothianidin and diclofenac). In almost 50% of water samples, sulfamethoxazole concentrations exceeded predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) for ecological toxicity. A significant downstream reduction in EOCs was observed along the River Ganga between Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh) and Begusarai (Bihar), likely reflecting dilution effects associated with three major tributaries, all with considerably lower EOC concentrations than the main Ganga channel. Sorption and/or redox controls were observed for some compounds (e.g. clopidol), as well as a relatively high degree of mixing of EOCs within the river. We discuss the environmental relevance of the persistence of several parent compounds (notably atrazine, carbamazepine, metribuzin and fipronil) and associated transformation products. Associations between EOCs and other hydrochemical parameters including excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence indicated positive, significant, and compound-specific correlations between EOCs and tryptophan-, fulvic- and humic-like fluorescence. This study expands the baseline characterization of EOCs in Indian surface water and contributes to an improved understanding of the potential sources and controls on EOC distribution in the River Ganga and other large river systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Richards
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Shuaizhi Guo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Dan J Lapworth
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Debbie White
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Wayne Civil
- Environment Agency, National Laboratory Service, Starcross, Devon, EX6 8FD, UK
| | - George J L Wilson
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Chuanhe Lu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Arun Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Center, Phulwarisharif, Patna, 801505, Bihar, India
| | - Ashok Ghosh
- Mahavir Cancer Sansthan and Research Center, Phulwarisharif, Patna, 801505, Bihar, India
| | - Kieran Khamis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stefan Krause
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; LEHNA - Laboratoire D'ecologie des Hydrosystemes Naturels et Anthropises, University of Lyon, Darwin C & Forel, 3-6 Rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - David A Polya
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, The University of Manchester, Williamson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Daren C Gooddy
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmed D, Ahmed A, Usman M, Rafiq M, Tufail MK, Ahmed T, Memon AM, Khokhar WA. Efficient degradation of atrazine from synthetic water through photocatalytic activity supported by titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Z PHYS CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2022-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The oxidation of atrazine herbicide from water was performed by using titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles synthesized via the sol-gel method. A batch-scale photocatalytic reactor was designed for experimental work. The process was monitored using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Operational parameters such as catalyst loading and pollutant concentration were investigated. The X-ray diffraction confirmed the anatase phase and high purity of the synthesized particles. Fourier transform infrared showed the functional group of titanium (Ti–O–Ti). The morphology of synthesized nanoparticles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, which exhibited the irregular shape of nanoparticles along with aggregations. The average size of TiO2 was found to be 56.92 nm as measured from dynamic light scattering analysis. UV–visible spectrometry showed an absorbance of 0.13 (<1). The nanoparticles displayed UV light-responsive catalytic ability with a bandgap energy of 3.14 eV. Furthermore, atrazine was discovered using mass spectrometry, which revealed a clear and sharp peak at 173, 95, and 76 m/z, respectively, at collision energies of 16 and 24 eV. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 nanoparticles was examined for the degradation of atrazine. Overall, the obtained results displayed the great efficiency of TiO2 nanoparticles towards ultra-violet light, which was 92.56% at 100 mg of dosages, highlighting the great potential of the photocatalysis process for atrazine degradation. Furthermore, the process followed pseudo-first-order kinetics and the rate was seen to depend on catalyst loading.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gupta HP, Fatima MU, Pandey R, Ravi Ram K. Adult exposure of atrazine alone or in combination with carbohydrate diet hastens the onset/progression of type 2 diabetes in Drosophila. Life Sci 2023; 316:121370. [PMID: 36640902 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM The combined impact of traditional and non-traditional risk factors of type 2 diabetes (T2D) on the development and progression of insulin resistance and associated complications is poorly understood. Therefore, we assessed the effect of moderately rich sugar diet coupled with environmental chemical exposure on the development and progression of T2D using Drosophila as a model organism. MAIN METHODS We reared newly eclosed Drosophila males on a diet containing atrazine (20 μg/ml; non-traditional risk factor) and/or moderately high sucrose (0.5 M/1 M; to mimic binge eating, Traditional risk factor) for 20-30 days. Subsequently, we assessed diabetic parameters, oxidative stress parameters and also the abundance of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) along with their receptor (RAGE) in these flies. For diabetic cardiomyopathy, we examined the pericardin (tissue fibrosis marker) level in Drosophila heart. KEY FINDINGS Flies reared on 20 μg/ml atrazine alone showed T2D hallmarks at 30 days. In contrast, flies reared on 0.5 M sucrose+ 20 μg/ml atrazine showed insulin resistance characterized by hyperglycemia and increased Drosophila insulin-like peptides along with reduced insulin signaling at 20 days, similar to those reared on high sucrose diet. In addition, both groups had high levels of oxidative stress and showed starvation response (converting triglycerides into fatty acids). Alarmingly, flies fed with sucrose+atrazine for 20 and 30 days had elevated pericardin in heart tissues, indicating early onset of diabetic complications such as cardiomyopathy. SIGNIFICANCE Lifestyle-chemical exposure synergistically impairs glucose metabolism, affects organisms' redox state and leads to the early onset of T2D and associated complications like cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Pawankumar Gupta
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Mirat-Ul Fatima
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Rukmani Pandey
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India; Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Kristipati Ravi Ram
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226 001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mishra S, Kumar P, Mehrotra I, Kumar M. Prevalence of organic micropollutants in the Yamuna River, Delhi, India: seasonal variations and governing factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159684. [PMID: 36302441 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work primarily emphases on evaluating the prevalence of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in the perennial Yamuna River (YR) that flow through the national capital of India, Delhi. Sixteen sampling campaigns (non-monsoon, n = 9; monsoon n = 7) were organized to understand the seasonal variations with special emphasis on monsoon. We have found fifty-five OMPs in the monsoon; while forty-seven were detected in non-monsoon. Fifty-seven screened and quantified OMPs in the most polluted stretch of River Yamuna included the pharmaceutically active compounds, pesticides, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, phthalates, personal care products, fatty acids, food additives, hormones, and trace organics present in hospital wastes. During monsoon months, compounds for which concentrations exceeded 50 μg/L were: adenine (64.6 μg/L), diethyl phthalate (62.9 μg/L), and octamethyltrisiloxane (56.9 μg/L); and the same for non-monsoon months was only for 1-dodecanethiol (52.3 μg/L). The average concentration of OMPs in non-monsoon months indicate PhACs>PCPs>Pesticides>Fatty acids>Hospital waste>Hormones>Pesticides>EDCs. In monsoon months due to surface runoff and high volume of untreated wastewater discharges few more OMPs concentrations were detected which mainly includes PhACs (clofibric acid, diclofenac sodium, gemfibrozil, ketoprofen), pesticides (aldrin, metribuzin, atrazine, simazine). Due to dilution effect in the monsoon months, average concentrations of 3-acetamido-5-bromobenzoic acid (PhACs) was reduced from 45.22 μg/L to 14.07 μg/L, whereas some EDCs such as 2,4- Di-tert-amylphenol, 3,5- di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, Triphenylphosphine oxide, Benzophenone were found in much higher concentrations in the monsoon months. Octamethyltrisiloxane (PCPs) was detected 50 times higher in concentration in the monsoon months. Interestingly, the concentration of about 50 % of the OMPs was more in the monsoon samples than in non-monsoon samples which is contrary to the general understanding that monsoon-induced dilution lowers the concentrations of OMPs. In RY water higher magnitude of diclofenac sodium, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and clofibric acid was found than Europe and North America rivers. Hormones such as estriol and estrone in RY water are found 70 to 100 times higher than the maximum reported concentrations in the US streams. Finally, various OMPs responded differently to the monsoon season as evident from multivariate analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soma Mishra
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India; Department of Civil Engineering, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology (SSET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Indu Mehrotra
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India; Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qin S, Xia T, Li G, Gu L, Sun Y, Yang Z. Impact of atrazine on the dynamic response of Daphnia pulex populations to fish predation risk. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1068077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbicide pollution is persistent, which not only has a negative impact on individual organisms, but also may alter population dynamics and stability of interspecific relationships. Cladocerans, an important part of zooplankton, are often simultaneously exposed to environmental pollutants and predation risk in the aquatic environment. To evaluate the combined effects of atrazine and fish predation risk on the population traits of cladocerans, we exposed Daphnia pulex to different concentrations of atrazine (0, 0.05, 0.10, and 1.0 mg L−1) with or without fish (Rhodeus ocellatus) kairomone, recorded the key population traits, and fitted Gaussian model to population dynamics. Results showed that fish kairomone increased the population density at the end of the experiment and resting eggs production, and tended to decrease the total biomass and the average dry weight per individual of D. pulex. Atrazine reduced the total biomass, the average dry weight per individual, and resting eggs production of D. pulex populations. Atrazine also decreased the population density at the end of the experiment of D. pulex in fish kairomone treatment, and attenuated the promoting effect of fish kairomone on resting eggs production and the reduction of the total biomass. The findings highlighted the importance of considering the combined impact of environmental pollutants and predation risks on zooplankton populations.
Collapse
|
22
|
Gouesbet G. Deciphering Macromolecular Interactions Involved in Abiotic Stress Signaling: A Review of Bioinformatics Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:257-294. [PMID: 36944884 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant functioning and responses to abiotic stresses largely involve regulations at the transcriptomic level via complex interactions of signal molecules, signaling cascades, and regulators. Nevertheless, all the signaling networks involved in responses to abiotic stresses have not yet been fully established. The in-depth analysis of transcriptomes in stressed plants has become a relevant state-of-the-art methodology to study these regulations and signaling pathways that allow plants to cope with or attempt to survive abiotic stresses. The plant science and molecular biology community has developed databases about genes, proteins, protein-protein interactions, protein-DNA interactions and ontologies, which are valuable sources of knowledge for deciphering such regulatory and signaling networks. The use of these data and the development of bioinformatics tools help to make sense of transcriptomic data in specific contexts, such as that of abiotic stress signaling, using functional biological approaches. The aim of this chapter is to present and assess some of the essential online tools and resources that will allow novices in bioinformatics to decipher transcriptomic data in order to characterize the cellular processes and functions involved in abiotic stress responses and signaling. The analysis of case studies further describes how these tools can be used to conceive signaling networks on the basis of transcriptomic data. In these case studies, particular attention was paid to the characterization of abiotic stress responses and signaling related to chemical and xenobiotic stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwenola Gouesbet
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution)] - UMR 6553, Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bhatti P, Duhan A, Pal A, Beniwal RK, Kumawat P, Yadav DB. Ultimate fate and possible ecological risks associated with atrazine and its principal metabolites (DIA and DEA) in soil and water environment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114299. [PMID: 36399993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (AT) is a triazine herbicide widely used to control weeds in several crops. De-isopropylatrazine (DIA) and de-ethylatrazine (DEA) are two of the eight primary metabolites produced by AT breakdown in soil and water. The physico-chemical properties of the soil determine their final fate. So, this study aimed to assess the function of clay loam and sandy loam soils in determining their ultimate fate and the potential ecological risks to non-target species during their persistence in soil and transportation to water bodies. The soil in pots was spiked with standard solutions of AT, DEA, and DIA at 0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg for the persistence study. The leaching potential was determined by placing soils in Plexi columns and spiking them with 50 and 100 µg standard solutions. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to prepare the samples, which were then analyzed using GC-MS/MS. The dynamics of dissipation were first-order. AT, DEA and DIA disappeared rapidly in sandy loam soil, with half-lives ranging from 6.2 to 8.4 days. AT and its metabolites had a significant amount of leaching potential. In sandy loam soil, leaching was more effective, resulting in maximal residue movement up to 30-40 cm soil depth. The presence of a notable collection of residues in leachate fractions suggests the potential for surface and groundwater contamination. In particular, DEA and DIA metabolites caused springtail Folsomia candida and earthworm Eisenia fetida to have longer and greater unacceptable risks. If the residues comparable to the amount acquired in leachate fractions reach water bodies, they could cause toxicity to a variety of freshwater fish, aquatic arthropods, amphibians, and aquatic invertebrates. Future studies should take a more comprehensive approach to evaluate ecological health and dangers to non-target species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India.
| | - Anil Duhan
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India; Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India.
| | - Ajay Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar Beniwal
- Department of Chemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India.
| | - Priyanka Kumawat
- Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, Jaipur 303 328, India.
| | - Dharam Bir Yadav
- Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125 004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hadeed MN, Castiglione CL, Saleem S, Chammout DH, Muskovac MD, Crile KG, Abdulelah SA, Maalhagh-Fard A, Rampuri EY, Grabowski GM, Belanger RM. Environmentally relevant atrazine exposure leads to increases in DNA damage and changes in morphology in the hepatopancreas of crayfish ( Faxonius virilis). ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANCES 2022; 10:100320. [PMID: 37122617 PMCID: PMC10135391 DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide atrazine is widely used for controlling broad leaf weeds and increasing crop yields in agricultural areas. Atrazine enters aquatic environments through runoff, ground water discharge and seepage where concentrations have been recorded above 300 ppb. Exposure to the herbicide atrazine at environmentally relevant concentrations has been shown to negatively impact aquatic organisms, including crayfish. Because xenobiotics are concentrated in the crayfish hepatopancreas (digestive gland), we examined changes in morphology and DNA damage in hepatopancreatic tissue structure and cells following a 10-day exposure to atrazine (0, 10, 40, 80, 100 and 300 ppb). We found that there were marked morphological changes, post-exposure, for all atrazine concentrations tested. Hepatopancreatic tissue exhibited degenerated tubule epithelium with necrosis of microvilli, tubule lumen dilation, changes in tubular epithelium height and vacuolization of the epithelium. Likewise, we also performed a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay which showed the percentage of cells with DNA damage increased following atrazine exposure. Crayfish hepatopancreatic tissue displayed significant increases in TUNEL-positive cells following exposure to atrazine at 100 ppb and above. Overall, exposure to atrazine at environmentally relevant concentrations damages hepatopancreatic tissue. This impairment could lead to changes in biotransformation, detoxification, digestion and molting, subsequently reducing crayfish populations and negatively impacting the aquatic ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rachelle M. Belanger
- Corresponding author at: Biology Department, University of Detroit Mercy, 4001 W. McNichols, Detroit, MI 48221, United States. (R.M. Belanger)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yu YL, Jin HF, Shi Y, Cao J. Synchronous microextraction of active and toxic compounds from medicinal plant using nano-SiO2 assisted miniaturized matrix solid-phase dispersion. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
26
|
Dai XY, Lin J, Zhu SY, Guo JY, Cui JG, Li JL. Atrazine-induced oxidative damage via modulating xenobiotic-sensing nuclear receptors and cytochrome P450 systems in cerebrum and antagonism of lycopene. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 170:113462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
27
|
Ahmed ZSO, Tahon MA, Hasan RS, El-Sayed HGM, AbuBaker HO, Ahmed IM, Ahmed YH. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular investigation of atrazine toxic effect on some organs of adult male albino rats with a screening of Acacia nilotica as a protective trial. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:83797-83809. [PMID: 35771327 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATZ) is a widely used herbicide; however, it has deleterious effects. The current study aimed to investigate the potential toxic effect of ATZ as a neuroendocrine disruptor on the cerebellum and thyroid gland and on the liver as a detoxifying organ. We examined the ability of ATZ to induce oxidative stress and subsequent apoptosis in these organs. Moreover, we investigated the potential protective effect of Acacia nilotica, because of its potent antioxidant activity. Thus, our study was carried out on 40 adult male albino rats that were divided equally into 4 groups (10 rats/each group). The first group received distilled water, while the second group received ATZ dissolved in corn oil at 200 mg/kg body weight/day by stomach gavage. The third group was treated orally by ATZ (200 mg/kg body weight/day) plus Acacia nilotica (400 mg/kg/day). Group IV received Acacia nilotica only at a dose (400 mg/kg/day). After successive 30 days of the experiment, blood and tissue samples were collected from all groups. Our findings revealed the ability of ATZ to induce toxic effects was observed microscopically in the form of degenerated neurons and vacuolated neuropil of the cerebellum, degenerated hepatocytes, and vacuolation of the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. Furthermore, ATZ significantly elevated AST, ALT, and ALP serum levels and TB concentration, while decreased GSH. DNA fragmentation% and activated caspase-3 expression significantly increased after ATZ exposure. Interestingly, Acacia nilotica administration was able to partially protect the examined organs against the toxic effect of ATZ exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Sabry Othman Ahmed
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelaziz Tahon
- Central laboratory of residue analysis of pesticides and heavy metal in food, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Randa S Hasan
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hazem G M El-Sayed
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Huda O AbuBaker
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ismaiel M Ahmed
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cui Z, Li Y, Zhang H, Qin P, Hu X, Wang J, Wei G, Chen C. Lighting Up Agricultural Sustainability in the New Era through Nanozymology: An Overview of Classifications and Their Agricultural Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13445-13463. [PMID: 36226740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the concept of sustainable agriculture receiving increasing attention from humankind, nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity but higher environmental endurance and longer-term stability than natural enzymes, have enabled agricultural technologies to be reformative, economic, and portable. Benefiting from their multiple catalytic activities and renewable nanocharacteristics, nanozymes can shine in agricultural scenarios using enzyme engineering and nanoscience, acting as sustainable toolboxes to improve agricultural production and reduce the risk to agricultural systems. Herein, we comprehensively discuss the classifications of nanozymes applied in current agriculture, including peroxidase-like, oxidase-like, catalase-like, superoxide dismutase-like, and laccase-like nanozymes, as well as their biocatalytic mechanisms. Especially, different applications of nanozymes in agriculture are deeply reviewed, covering crop protection and nutrition, agroenvironmental remediation and monitoring, and agroproduct quality monitoring. Finally, the challenges faced by nanozymes in agricultural applications are proposed, and we expect that our review can further enhance agricultural sustainability through nanozymology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuechun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Peiyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Qin S, Yang T, Yu B, Zhang L, Gu L, Sun Y, Yang Z. The stress effect of atrazine on the inducible defense traits of Daphnia pulex in response to fish predation risk: Evidences from morphology, life history traits, and expression of the defense-related genes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119965. [PMID: 35998771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide pollution is persistent, which not only has a negative impact on individual organisms, but also may endanger the interspecific relationship between predators and prey. Cladocerans, i.e. zooplankton that plays an important role in the energy flow and material circulation in freshwater ecosystem, usually develop induced defense in response to predation risk. We used atrazine, one of the most used herbicides in the world, and Daphnia pulex, a representative cladocerans, to test the possible interference effect of herbicides on the induced defensive traits of cladocerans in response to predator fish (Rhodeus ocellatus) kairomone, including morphological defense, life history strategies, and the expression of defense-related genes. Atrazine reduced the body size, spine size, growth rate, total offspring, and the relative reproductive output of D. pulex, which further affected the response strength of the morphological and life history defenses, i.e., atrazine significantly reduced the spine size, relative spine size, and fecundity of D. pulex in response to R. ocellatus kairomone. Exposure to atrazine affected the expression of defense-related genes, and we speculated that atrazine affected the signaling process in the induced anti-predation defense of cladocerans. Specially, fish kairomone attenuated the negative effects of high concentrations of atrazine on the life history traits of D. pulex. Our results will help to accurately assess the potential risk of artificial compounds in freshwater ecosystems from the perspective of interspecific relationships, and help to understand the impact of environmental changes on the inducible anti-predator defense of prey in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yunfei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang Y, Zhao C, Yu A, Zhao W, Ren F, Liu Y. The Migration Pattern of Atrazine during the Processes of Water Freezing and Thawing. TOXICS 2022; 10:603. [PMID: 36287883 PMCID: PMC9612270 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine, one of the most commonly used herbicides in the world, is of concern because of its frequent occurrence in various water bodies and the potential threat it constitutes to ecosystems. The transport of contaminants in seasonally ice-covered lakes is an important factor affecting the under-ice water environment, and changes in phase during ice growth and melting cause redistribution of atrazine between ice and water phases. To explore the migration pattern of atrazine during freezing and thawing, laboratory simulation experiments involving freezing and thawing were carried out. The effects of ice thickness, freezing temperature, and initial concentration on the migration ability of atrazine during freezing were investigated. The results showed that the relationship between the concentration of atrazine in ice and water during freezing was ice layer < water before freezing < water layer under the ice. Atrazine tended to migrate to under-ice water during the freezing process, and the intensity of migration was positively correlated with the ice thickness, freezing temperature, and initial concentration. During the thawing phase, atrazine trapped in the ice was released into the water in large quantities in the early stages. The first 20% of meltwater concentration was significantly higher than the average concentration in ice, with the highest case being 2.75 times the average concentration in ice. The results reported in this study are a useful reference for planning possible pollution control measures on such lakes during their freeze-thaw process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-135-6259-1712
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
van Rensburg GJ, Wepener V, Horn S, Greenfield R. Oxidative stress in the freshwater shrimp Caridina africana following exposure to atrazine. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2022; 109:443-449. [PMID: 35476078 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of pesticides to non-target organisms continues to be important in understanding the dynamic interactions between anthropogenic chemicals and ecosystem health. This study assesses biochemical markers to determine the effects that varying concentrations of atrazine (13.1-5557 µg/l) have on the freshwater shrimp, Caridina africana. Exposure and oxidative stress biomarkers were analysed and followed by univariate, integrated biomarker response v2 (IBRv2) and Kendall Tau correlation statistical analyses, to gain insight into the concentration-dependent responses. Oxidative stress biomarkers such as reduced glutathione content (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase activity (GST), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and catalase activity (CAT) were significantly correlated with increasing atrazine exposure concentration (p < 0.01). Bimodality has been seen when looking at both the univariate statistically significant differences as well as the IBRv2, with the first peak at 106.8 µg/l and the second peak at 5557 µg/l atrazine. The results indicate that while individual responses may indicate statistically significant differences, using correlation and integrated statistical analysis can shed light on trends in the adaptive response of these.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregg J van Rensburg
- Department of Zoology, Kingsway Campus, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, 2006, Auckland Park, South Africa
| | - Victor Wepener
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Science and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Suranie Horn
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Science and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Environment & Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), 7505, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Richard Greenfield
- Department of Zoology, Kingsway Campus, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, 2006, Auckland Park, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Miladinova S, Stips A, Macias Moy D, Garcia-Gorriz E. Tracing water-soluble, persistent substances in the Black Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119708. [PMID: 35792295 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We apply a tracer model linked with a 3D circulation model to simulate transport and fate of water-soluble persistent substances in the Black Sea that do not bioaccumulate to a considerable extent. The model uses specified degradation time and identical concentrations in the rivers to build a correlation between average concentration in the basin and half-life (DT50). The average concentration in certain sub-regions of the Black Sea can be estimated using an exponential dependence of DT50, if DT50 and concentration in rivers are known. Averaging is performed on the simulations from 2000 to 2019 with real atmospheric forcing and river runoff. A well-defined seasonal cycle is evident for the average shelf concentration, while the average concentration in the deep region does not show a pronounced seasonal cycle or inter-annual variations. With the help of the existing observational data, we estimate DT50 and concentration in the rivers for carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole and terbuthylazine. Atrazine and simazine are believed to have accumulated in the basin for a long time due to their widespread use in the past and the slow rate of degradation in the marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Miladinova
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy.
| | - A Stips
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy.
| | - D Macias Moy
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy.
| | - E Garcia-Gorriz
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Ispra, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Reyes-Bravo DY, Villalobos-Aguilera P, Almonte-Zepeda JT, Mendoza-Trejo MS, Giordano M, Orozco A, Rodríguez VM. Chronic atrazine exposure increases the expression of genes associated with GABAergic and glutamatergic systems in the brain of male albino rat. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:933300. [PMID: 36071823 PMCID: PMC9441881 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.933300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The herbicide atrazine (ATR; 2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine) is widely used to destroy grasses and broadleaf weeds in crops and some fruits. Studies in rodents have shown that acute, repeated or chronic exposure to ATR is associated with alterations in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, whereas its effects on GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways have only recently been reported. Sprague-Dawley male rats were exposed daily to 1 or 10 mg ATR/kg of BW for 13 months to evaluate the ATR effects on GABAergic and glutamatergic systems. At the end of the ATR treatment, the levels of mRNA of several genes involved in the production, vesiculation, reuptake, and receptors of GABA and Glu in the striatum (STR), nucleus accumbens (NAcc), prefrontal cortex (PFC), ventral midbrain (vMID) and hippocampus (HIPP) were evaluated by absolute qPCR. For the GABAergic genes, increased expression of GAD67 and Slc32a1 in STR and/or vMID in rats exposed to 1 and/or 10 mg ATR were detected. With regard to the expression of genes involved in the glutamatergic system, Slc17a6 and Grin1 in HIPP of rats exposed to 1 and/or 10 mg ATR, increased as was Gria1 in STR and PFC in the group exposed to 1 mg ATR. In the same fashion, Slc1a3 expression and MGLUR1 increased in STR of rats exposed to 1 and 10 mg ATR groups. The expression of the glutaminases gls (variants 1 and 2) was greater in STR, NAcc, HIPP, and PFC of rats exposed to 1 and/or 10 mg ATR. These findings show that the GABAergic and, especially glutamatergic systems are targets of ATR exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. Y. Reyes-Bravo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - P. Villalobos-Aguilera
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - J. T. Almonte-Zepeda
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - M. S. Mendoza-Trejo
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - M. Giordano
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - A. Orozco
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - V. M. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
- *Correspondence: V. M. Rodríguez,
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Schäffer A, Fenner K, Wang Z, Scheringer M. To be or not to be degraded: in defense of persistence assessment of chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2022; 24:1104-1109. [PMID: 35822690 PMCID: PMC9384790 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the degradation behavior of chemicals in the environment is a key component of chemical hazard and risk assessment. Persistence has been successfully characterized for readily and for slowly degradable chemicals using standardized tests, but for the third group of chemicals with intermediate degradability ("middle group"), the assessment is less straightforward. Whether chemicals of this group behave as persistent or not in a given environment depends on environmental factors such as the presence of sorbents that can limit the bioavailability of chemicals. Uncertainties associated with current persistence assessments of chemicals in the middle group do not imply that persistence assessment is generally inconsistent, too ambiguous for regulatory use, and not useful in chemical hazard and risk assessment. Given the complexity of the environmental factors influencing chemical degradation, and the diversity of commercial chemicals, it has to be accepted though that for chemicals in the middle group even improved testing methods will not remove all of the immanent heterogeneity in their persistence data. For cases with widely different but technically valid persistence data, a weight-of-evidence approach is necessary and the "benefit of the doubt" should follow the precautionary principle in order to protect human and ecosystem health. We maintain that technically valid persistence data, although they might be considered dissatisfying from a scientific point of view because of high variability or even inconclusiveness, can well be sufficient for regulatory purposes. As with anything, also in persistence assessment, the scientific logic aims for a mechanistic description of the processes involved, low uncertainty, and a comprehensive understanding derived from a broad empirical basis. If the scientific logic is used as a benchmark in the regulatory context, this may easily lead to "paralysis by analysis". While regulatory decisions should be based on sound science, discrepancies between scientific goals and regulatory needs and, consequently, different levels of requirements (must-have versus nice-to-have) for degradation studies need to be recognized and appreciated. We further advocate for enhancing consistency between regulatory persistence assessments ("one substance-one assessment"), which is currently not the case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schäffer
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute for Environmental Research, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, 163 Xianling Road, 210023 Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Street Shapingba, 400045, Chongqing, China
| | - Kathrin Fenner
- University of Zürich, Department of Chemistry, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zhanyun Wang
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering and National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Catalysis, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martin Scheringer
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Modeling-Guided Amendments Lead to Enhanced Biodegradation in Soil. mSystems 2022; 7:e0016922. [PMID: 35913191 PMCID: PMC9426591 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00169-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive use of agrochemicals is emerging as a serious environmental issue coming at the cost of the pollution of soil and water resources. Bioremediation techniques such as biostimulation are promising strategies used to remove pollutants from agricultural soils by supporting the indigenous microbial degraders. Though considered cost-effective and eco-friendly, the success rate of these strategies typically varies, and consequently, they are rarely integrated into commercial agricultural practices. In the current study, we applied metabolic-based community-modeling approaches for promoting realistic in terra solutions by simulation-based prioritization of alternative supplements as potential biostimulants, considering a collection of indigenous bacteria. Efficacy of biostimulants as enhancers of the indigenous degrader Paenarthrobacter was ranked through simulation and validated in pot experiments. A two-dimensional simulation matrix predicting the effect of different biostimulants on additional potential indigenous degraders (Pseudomonas, Clostridium, and Geobacter) was crossed with experimental observations. The overall ability of the models to predict the compounds that act as taxa-selective stimulants indicates that computational algorithms can guide the manipulation of the soil microbiome in situ and provides an additional step toward the educated design of biostimulation strategies. IMPORTANCE Providing the food requirements of a growing population comes at the cost of intensive use of agrochemicals, including pesticides. Native microbial soil communities are considered key players in the degradation of such exogenous substances. Manipulating microbial activity toward an optimized outcome in efficient biodegradation processes conveys a promise of maintaining intensive yet sustainable agriculture. Efficient strategies for harnessing the native microbiome require the development of approaches for processing big genomic data. Here, we pursued metabolic modeling for promoting realistic in terra solutions by simulation-based prioritization of alternative supplements as potential biostimulants, considering a collection of indigenous bacteria. Our genomic-based predictions point at strategies for optimizing biodegradation by the native community. Developing a systematic, data-guided understanding of metabolite-driven targeted enhancement of selected microorganisms lays the foundation for the design of ecologically sound methods for optimizing microbiome functioning.
Collapse
|
36
|
Silveyra GR, Medesani DA, Rodríguez EM. Effects of the Herbicide Atrazine on Crustacean Reproduction. Mini-Review. Front Physiol 2022; 13:926492. [PMID: 35784891 PMCID: PMC9244840 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.926492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrazine, one of the most intensively applied herbicides worldwide, is commonly found in several water bodies, affecting the associated fauna. Autochthon crustacean species have been relatively less studied, compared to vertebrate species, particularly concerning reproductive success. In this mini-review, we summarize the relevant information about the effects of atrazine exposure on the main reproductive aspects of crustaceans. One of these effects is related to the inhibition of ovarian growth. In this respect, a diminished vitellogenin content was found in the ovary of crabs exposed to atrazine during the entire period of ovarian growth, in correlation with a reduced oocyte size and a delay of ovarian maturation. Similar results were observed in crayfish. Atrazine was also able to affect the reproductive process, acting as an endocrine disruptor. In this sense, this herbicide was suspected to affect the secretion of some neurohormones involved in the gonadal growth, as well as to alter the circulating levels of steroid hormones which promote the synthesis of vitellogenin for ovarian growth. Moreover, atrazine induced sexual differentiation in juvenile crayfish toward a higher proportion of females, while it produced an increment of males in daphnids. Another aspect affected by this herbicide was the reduction of offspring production, as well as several embryonic abnormalities; genotoxic effects have been also reported in crayfish. Finally, some metabolic imbalances, such as reduction in energy reserves, have been observed in some species, together with oxidative stress and histopathological effects.
Collapse
|
37
|
Wang Q, Xie D, Peng L, Chen C, Li C, Que X. Phytotoxicity of atrazine combined with cadmium on photosynthetic apparatus of the emergent plant species Iris pseudacorus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:34798-34812. [PMID: 35040052 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18107-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The combined pollution, instead of single pollution, has become a widespread contamination phenomenon in aquatic environment. However, little information is now available about the joint effects of the combined pollution, especially co-existed pesticides and heavy metals, on aquatic plants. In the present study, using continuous excitation chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and the OJIP transient, comparisons of herbicide atrazine (ATZ) phytotoxicity on Iris pseudacorus between in the presence and absence of cadmium (Cd) were evaluated over an exposure period of three weeks under laboratory conditions. Results showed that both ATZ and Cd were toxic to I. pseudacorus. The ratio Fv/Fo, specific electron transport energy (ET0/RC), and photochemistry efficiency (PIabs and PItotal) of this emergent plant species at individual ATZ and Cd concentrations were significantly lower than those of the control. ATZ mainly inhibited electron transport beyond QA at PSII acceptor side as indicated by the sharp rise of the J-step level of fluorescence rise kinetics. A pronounced K-step and the loss of I-step due to the damage on the OEC and PSI also occurred when ATZ was at or above 1.0 mg·L-1. In comparison to ATZ alone, ATZ combined with Cd resulted in a lower amplitude rise in J-step with apparent J-I and I-P phases; and significantly lower Fo with higher Fv/Fo, as well as greater ET0/RC with higher values of PIabs and PItotal. However, the adverse influences of ATZ combined with Cd on the above indicators were still significant as compared with the control. Therefore, the coexistence of Cd alleviated the individual phytotoxicities of ATZ, whereas combined pollution of ATZ and Cd still induced the decline in photosynthetic performance of I. pseudacorus, and its potential ecological impacts on the aquatic vegetation cannot be ignored. Our findings offer a better understanding of the joint effects of the pesticide and heavy metal on non-target aquatic plants, and provided valuable insights into the interaction of these pollutants in aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Wang
- Beijing Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
| | - Dongyu Xie
- Beijing Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Lei Peng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Cui Li
- Beijing Research & Development Center for Grass and Environment, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiaoe Que
- Institute of Desertification Studies, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Effective Electrochemiluminescence Aptasensor for Detection of Atrazine Residue. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22093430. [PMID: 35591119 PMCID: PMC9105573 DOI: 10.3390/s22093430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
According to the chemiluminescence characteristics of the luminol-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) system, this work designed a novel and effective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor to detect atrazine (ATZ) rapidly. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) could effectively catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 and enhance the ECL intensity of the luminol-H2O2 system. Once ATZ was modified on the aptasensor, the ECL intensity was significantly weakened because of the specific combination between ATZ and its aptamer. Therefore, the changes in ECL intensity could be used to detect the concentration of ATZ. Under optimal detecting conditions, the aptasensor had a wide linear range from 1 × 10−3 ng/mL to 1 × 103 ng/mL and a low limit of detection (3.3 × 10−4 ng/mL). The designed aptasensor had the advantages of good stability, reproducibility, and specificity. The aptasensor could be used to detect the ATZ content of tap water, soil, and cabbage and had satisfactory results. This work effectively constructs a novel, effective, and rapid ECL aptasensor for detecting ATZ in actual samples.
Collapse
|
39
|
Leonard DK, Ryabchuk P, Anwar M, Dastgir S, Junge K, Beller M. A Convenient and Stable Heterogeneous Nickel Catalyst for Hydrodehalogenation of Aryl Halides Using Molecular Hydrogen. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102315. [PMID: 34978382 PMCID: PMC9306955 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodehalogenation is an effective strategy for transforming persistent and potentially toxic organohalides into their more benign congeners. Common methods utilize Pd/C or Raney-nickel as catalysts, which are either expensive or have safety concerns. In this study, a nickel-based catalyst supported on titania (Ni-phen@TiO2 -800) is used as a safe alternative to pyrophoric Raney-nickel. The catalyst is prepared in a straightforward fashion by deposition of nickel(II)/1,10-phenanthroline on titania, followed by pyrolysis. The catalytic material, which was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS, consists of nickel nanoparticles covered with N-doped carbon layers. By using design of experiments (DoE), this nanostructured catalyst is found to be proficient for the facile and selective hydrodehalogenation of a diverse range of substrates bearing C-I, C-Br, or C-Cl bonds (>30 examples). The practicality of this catalyst system is demonstrated by the dehalogenation of environmentally hazardous and polyhalogenated substrates atrazine, tetrabromobisphenol A, tetrachlorobenzene, and a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David K. Leonard
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Pavel Ryabchuk
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
- Galapagos NVGeneraal De Wittelaan L11 A32800MechelenBelgium
| | - Muhammad Anwar
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI)Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)P.O. Box: 34110, Qatar Foundation, Education CityDohaQatar
| | - Sarim Dastgir
- Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute (QEERI)Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU)P.O. Box: 34110, Qatar Foundation, Education CityDohaQatar
| | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V.Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a18059RostockGermany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Martins-Gomes C, Silva TL, Andreani T, Silva AM. Glyphosate vs. Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Exposure: A Review on Their Toxicity. J Xenobiot 2022; 12:21-40. [PMID: 35076536 PMCID: PMC8788447 DOI: 10.3390/jox12010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicide has been the first choice for weed management worldwide since the 1970s, mainly due to its efficacy and reported low toxicity, which contributed to its high acceptance. Many of the recent studies focus solely on the persistence of pesticides in soils, air, water or food products, or even on the degree of exposure of animals, since their potential hazards to human health have raised concerns. Given the unaware exposure of the general population to pesticides, and the absence of a significant number of studies on occupational hazards, new glyphosate-induced toxicity data obtained for both residual and acute doses should be analyzed and systematized. Additionally, recent studies also highlight the persistence and toxicity of both glyphosate metabolites and surfactants present in herbicide formulations. To renew or ban the use of glyphosate, recently published studies must be taken into account, aiming to define new levels of safety for exposure to herbicide, its metabolites, and the toxic excipients of its formulations. This review aims to provide an overview of recent publications (2010–present) on in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at verifying the animal toxicity induced by glyphosate, its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) and glyphosate-based formulations, evaluated in various experimental models. Apart from glyphosate-induced toxicity, recent data concerning the role of surfactants in the toxicity of glyphosate-based formulations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.M.-G.); (A.M.S.); Tel.: +351-259-350-921(A.M.S.)
| | - Tânia L. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Andreani
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (T.L.S.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (C.M.-G.); (A.M.S.); Tel.: +351-259-350-921(A.M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Triassi M, Montuori P, Provvisiero DP, De Rosa E, Di Duca F, Sarnacchiaro P, Díez S. Occurrence and spatial-temporal distribution of atrazine and its metabolites in the aquatic environment of the Volturno River estuary, southern Italy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:149972. [PMID: 34482142 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study assesses the spatial distribution and temporal trends of the water dissolved phase (WDP), suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment partitioning of atrazine (ATR) and its metabolites in the Volturno River estuary. The load contribution of ATR and its metabolites in this river to the Central Mediterranean Sea was estimated. Samples were collected in 10 sampling sites during the four seasons. The total concentrations of ATR and DPs detected ranged from 18.1 to 105.5 ng L-1 in WDP, from 4.5 to 63.2 ng L-1 in SPM, and from 4.6 to 18.6 ng g-1 in sediment samples, indicating high levels of these pollutants. Structural equation model and the ratio study indicated that the relationship between sediment and WDP pollutants occurred through the SPM. The pollutants load at the Volturno River in its mouth was evaluated in about 30.4 kg year-1, showing that this river is an important source of these analytes through discharge into Central Mediterranean Sea. Principal component analysis indicated that ATR and its metabolites pollution moves from Volturno River mouth southward and increased in the rainy season. The desethylatrazine-to-atrazine ratio was higher than 0.5 for all samples analyzed, indicating an historical discharge and a long residence time of ATR in sediment about two decades after its ban, and classifying ATR as a nonpoint source contaminant. This study makes up the first record of ATR and its metabolites in superficial water of Southern Italy and provides helpful data as starting point for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Montuori
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Elvira De Rosa
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabiana Di Duca
- Department of Public Health, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pansini n° 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sarnacchiaro
- Department of Law and Economics, University "Federico II", Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthia n° 26, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona E-08034, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li P, Yao LY, Jiang YJ, Wang DD, Wang T, Wu YP, Li BX, Li XT. Soybean isoflavones protect SH-SY5Y neurons from atrazine-induced toxicity by activating mitophagy through stimulation of the BEX2/BNIP3/NIX pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112886. [PMID: 34673406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is a widely used herbicide that can induce the degeneration of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in a Parkinson's disease-like syndrome. Despite the high risk of environmental exposure, few studies have investigated strategies for the prevention of ATR neurotoxicity. Our previous studies demonstrated that ATR can impair mitochondrial function, leading to metabolic failure. Cells maintain mitochondrial quality through selective autophagic elimination, termed mitophagy. Soybean isoflavones (SI) possess multiple beneficial bioactivities, including preservation of mitochondria function, so it was hypothesized that SI can protect neurons against ATR toxicity by promoting mitophagy. Pretreatment of SH-SY5Y neurons with SI prevented ATR-induced metabolic failure and cytotoxicity as assessed by intracellular ATP, Na+-K+-ATPase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell viability assays. The neuroprotective efficacy of SI was superior to the major individual components genistein, daidzein, and glycitein. Ultrastructural analyses revealed that ATR induced mitochondrial damage, while SI promoted the sequestration of damaged mitochondria into autophagic vesicles. Soybean isoflavones also induced mitophagy as evidenced by upregulated expression of BNIP3/NIX, BEX2, and LC3-II, while co-treatment with the mitophagy inhibitor Mdivi-1 blocked SI-mediated neuroprotection and prevented SI from reversing ATR-induced BEX2 downregulation. Furthermore, BEX2 knockdown inhibited SI-induced activation of the BNIP3/NIX pathway, mitophagy, and neuroprotection. These findings suggest that SI protects against ATR-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity by activating the BEX2/BNIP3/NIX pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Li-Yan Yao
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Yu-Jia Jiang
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Yan-Ping Wu
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Bai-Xiang Li
- Department of Hygienic Toxicology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| | - Xue-Ting Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
New-Aaron M, Abimbola O, Mohammadi R, Famojuro O, Naveed Z, Abadi A, Bell JE, Bartelt-Hunt S, Rogan EG. Low-Level Groundwater Atrazine in High Atrazine Usage Nebraska Counties: Likely Effects of Excessive Groundwater Abstraction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13241. [PMID: 34948848 PMCID: PMC8701136 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies observed a correlation between estrogen-related cancers and groundwater atrazine in eastern Nebraska counties. However, the mechanisms of human exposure to atrazine are unclear because low groundwater atrazine concentration was observed in counties with high cancer incidence despite having the highest atrazine usage. We studied groundwater atrazine fate in high atrazine usage Nebraska counties. Data were collected from Quality Assessed Agrichemical Contaminant Nebraska Groundwater, Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM), and water use databases. Descriptive statistics and cluster analysis were performed. Domestic wells (59%) were the predominant well type. Groundwater atrazine was affected by well depth. Clusters consisting of wells with low atrazine were characterized by excessive groundwater abstraction, reduced precipitation, high population, discharge areas, and metropolitan counties. Hence, low groundwater atrazine may be due to excessive groundwater abstraction accompanied by atrazine. Human exposure to atrazine in abstracted groundwater may be higher than the estimated amount in groundwater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moses New-Aaron
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.A.); (J.E.B.); (E.G.R.)
| | - Olufemi Abimbola
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0726, USA
| | - Raheleh Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.M.); (O.F.)
| | - Oluwaseun Famojuro
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (R.M.); (O.F.)
| | - Zaeema Naveed
- School of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Azar Abadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.A.); (J.E.B.); (E.G.R.)
| | - Jesse E. Bell
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.A.); (J.E.B.); (E.G.R.)
| | - Shannon Bartelt-Hunt
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182-0178, USA;
| | - Eleanor G. Rogan
- Department of Environmental Health, Occupational Health and Toxicology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (A.A.); (J.E.B.); (E.G.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yu QQ, Lu FF, Ma LY, Yang H, Song NH. Residues of Reduced Herbicides Terbuthylazine, Ametryn, and Atrazine and Toxicology to Maize and the Environment through Salicylic Acid. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27396-27404. [PMID: 34693160 PMCID: PMC8529679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Terbuthylazine (TBA), ametryn (AME), and atrazine (ATZ) are triazine family herbicides. They are dominantly used in the field of cereal crops like wheat and maize for prevention of upland from annual gramineous and broad-leaved weeds, with attributes of weed efficiency broad spectrum and good market performance. Salicylic acid (SA) is a kind of natural plant growth regulator existing widely in the plant kingdom and participating in many physiological and defense processes. In this study, the effects of SA on the detoxification and degradation of herbicides TBA, AME, and ATZ in maize were investigated. When maize plants were exposed to 6 mg kg-1 of the triazine herbicides, the growth and chlorophyll concentration were reduced, while the membrane permeability increased. After maize was sprayed with 5 mg kg-1 SA, the herbicide-induced phytotoxicity was significantly assuaged, with the increased content of chlorophyll and decreased cellular damage in plants. Activities of several biomarker enzymes such as SOD, POD, and GST were repressed in the presence of SA. The concentration of the triazine herbicides in maize and the soil determined by high-performance liquid chromatography was drastically reduced by spraying SA. Using LC/Q-TOF-MS/MS, six metabolites and nine conjugates of AME in maize and soil were characterized. The relative contents of AME metabolites and conjugates in maize with SA were higher than those without SA. These results suggest that SA is able to promote the detoxification and decay of these triazine herbicides in maize and soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qian Yu
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Feng Fan Lu
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Chongqing
Industry Polytechnic College, Chongqing 401120, China
| | - Li Ya Ma
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ning Hui Song
- Nanjing
Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEE, Nanjing 210042, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Le Cor F, Slaby S, Dufour V, Iuretig A, Feidt C, Dauchy X, Banas D. Occurrence of pesticides and their transformation products in headwater streams: Contamination status and effect of ponds on contaminant concentrations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147715. [PMID: 34020090 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In France, more than 90% of monitored watercourses are contaminated with pesticides. This high contamination level increases at the head of agricultural watersheds, where dilution capacities are low and transport from treated lands is direct. Ponds, numerous around headwater streams, could provide additional protection against pesticide pollution. Because of their long hydraulic residence time and large water volumes, they mitigate pesticide concentrations between upstream and downstream rivers. However, pesticide transformation products may also be responsible for the degradation of environments, owing to their presence at high concentrations and their persistence, but related data are scarce, particularly because of their high level of molecular diversity. We first reported on the state of water contamination in agricultural headwater streams, based on high frequency water sampling. Analysis of 67 molecules (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) showed pesticides and pesticide transformation product mixtures of up to 29 different compounds in one sample. Regardless of the sampling location, transformation products represented at least 50% of the detected compounds. Then, we demonstrated the capacity of a pond to reduce contaminant concentrations in downstream rivers for 90% of the detected compounds. Upstream from this pond, environmental quality or ecotoxicological standards were exceeded during sampling, with pesticide and transformation product sum concentrations of up to 27 μg/L. Downstream from the study pond, few exceedances were observed, with a maximum total concentration of 2.2 μg/L, reflecting significant water quality improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François Le Cor
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France; ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, 40 rue Lionnois, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Sylvain Slaby
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Vincent Dufour
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Alain Iuretig
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Feidt
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Xavier Dauchy
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, 40 rue Lionnois, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Damien Banas
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Andrade VS, Gutierrez MF, Regaldo L, Paira AR, Repetti MR, Gagneten AM. Influence of rainfall and seasonal crop practices on nutrient and pesticide runoff from soybean dominated agricultural areas in Pampean streams, Argentina. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147676. [PMID: 34029815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An increase in the spatial variability of rainfall is expected due to climate change. This implies increasing rainfall rates during spring and summer in the Pampas region, Argentina, period of maximum application of agrochemicals, which might cause an increase in pesticides and nutrients carried to surface water systems, as runoff by rainfall is one of the main pathways for diffuse pollution. The crops phenological stage can also affect pesticide and nutrient runoff since the applied agrochemicals and soil cover differ in each stage. In this study, we assessed the influence of rainfall and seasonal crop practices on water quality (nutrient and pesticide concentrations) in three streams in the Pampas region, Argentina. Five sampling campaigns were performed before and after three rainfall events during two different seasons of crop practices (SCP1, SCP2) and the physicochemical characteristics of the stream and runoff water were analyzed. The pesticide concentrations in the streams presented a general increase immediately after the rainfall event. Water quality was also affected, as an increase in ammonium, soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and turbidity was observed. The crops phenological stage influenced pesticide and nutrient types and concentrations detected in the streams. During SCP1, mainly characterized by chemical fallow and sowing of soybean and vegetative growth and flowering of corn, ammonium, SRP, BOD, turbidity, and some pesticides, such as metolachlor, showed significantly higher results than those found in SCP2 (grain filling and vegetative growth of soybean and corn sowing). The pesticide concentrations detected in runoff water depended mostly on the pesticide solubility, the lateral slope of the streams, and the percentage of woody riparian vegetation cover. The results obtained show the relevance of assessing the influence of rainfall and crops phenological stages on the dynamics of surface water and on pesticide and nutrient runoff for environmental monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Soledad Andrade
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Ruta Nac. 168 Km 0, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina.
| | - María Florencia Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina; Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina; Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas - Escuela Superior de Sanidad "Dr. Ramón Carrillo", UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina.
| | - Luciana Regaldo
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Ruta Nac. 168 Km 0, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina.
| | - Aldo Raul Paira
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI-CONICET-UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina.
| | - María Rosa Repetti
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, UNL, Santiago del Estero 2829, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina.
| | - Ana María Gagneten
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe 3000, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Stradtman SC, Freeman JL. Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity Associated with Exposure to the Herbicide Atrazine. TOXICS 2021; 9:207. [PMID: 34564358 PMCID: PMC8473009 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9090207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine is an herbicide commonly used on crops to prevent broadleaf weeds. Atrazine is an endocrine-disrupting chemical mainly targeting the neuroendocrine system and associated axes, especially as a reproductive toxicant through attenuation of the luteinizing hormone (LH). Current regulatory levels for chronic exposure are based on no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) of these LH alterations in rodent studies. Atrazine has also been studied for its effects on the central nervous system and neurotransmission. The European Union (EU) recognized the health risks of atrazine exposure as a public health concern with no way to contain contamination of drinking water. As such, the EU banned atrazine use in 2003. The United States recently reapproved atrazine's use in the fall of 2020. Research has shown that there is a wide array of adverse health effects that are seen across multiple models, exposure times, and exposure periods leading to dysfunction in many different systems in the body with most pointing to a neuroendocrine target of toxicity. There is evidence of crosstalk between systems that can be affected by atrazine exposure, causing widespread dysfunction and leading to changes in behavior even with no direct link to the hypothalamus. The hypothetical mechanism of toxicity of atrazine endocrine disruption and neurotoxicity can therefore be described as a web of pathways that are influenced through changes occurring in each and their multiple feedback loops with further research needed to refine NOAELs for neurotoxic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L. Freeman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hu CY, Zhang JC, Lin YL, Ren SC, Zhu YY, Xiong C, Wang QB. Degradation kinetics of prometryn and formation of disinfection by-products during chlorination. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130089. [PMID: 33743417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Prometryn is a herbicide that is widely used and frequently detected in aqueous environment and soil. Prometryn is chemically stable, biologically toxic, and easily to accumulate in living bodies, which can cause accumulate in the environment and acute and chronic toxicity to living creatures. In this study, factors affecting the degradation kinetics of prometryn chlorination were studied, including solution pH, bromide and ammonium concentrations, and temperature. Prometryn reacted quickly with aqueous chlorine following the pseudo-first-order kinetics. The maximum pseudo-first-order rate constant (kapp) appeared at pH 5 with the observed rate constant (kobs) as 190. 08 h-1; the minimum value of kapp reached at pH 9 with kobs as 5.26 h-1. The presence of Br- and increase of temperature both accelerated the degradation rate of prometryn during chlorination. The activation energy was calculated as 31.80 kJ/mol. Meanwhile 6 disinfection by-products (DBPs) were detected, namely: chloroform (CF), trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN), dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), dichloroacetone, trichloronitromethane (TCNM), and trichloroacetone. Solution pH significantly affected the formation and distribution of DBPs. CF was the most formed carbonated DBP (C-DBP) with the maximum of 217.9 μg/L at pH 8, and its formation was significantly higher in alkaline conditions. For nitrogenated DBPs (N-DBPs), the yields of DCAN and TCAN were significantly higher in acidic conditions, while the maximum of TCNM achieved in neutral conditions. Because the toxicity of N-DBPs is higher than that of C-DBPs, the pH should be controlled in neutral or slight alkaline conditions during prometryn chlorination to effectively control DBP formation and reduce the related toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yan Hu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy- Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Ji-Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy- Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| | - Yi-Li Lin
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 824, ROC, Taiwan.
| | - Si-Cheng Ren
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy- Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| | - Ye-Ye Zhu
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy- Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| | - Cun Xiong
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy- Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| | - Qiang-Bing Wang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy- Saving in Heat Exchange Systems, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shan W, Hu W, Wen Y, Ding X, Ma X, Yan W, Xia Y. Evaluation of atrazine neurodevelopment toxicity in vitro-application of hESC-based neural differentiation model. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:149-158. [PMID: 34146662 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine is one of the widely used herbicides in the world and most of the current researches on atrazine neurodevelopment toxicity have focused on rodents or zebrafish models in vivo, resulting in relatively high cost, time consumption, and lower translational value to identify its hazard for the developing brain. Major international initiatives have pushed forward to convert the traditional animal-based developmental toxicity tests to in vitro assays using human cells to detect and predict chemical health hazards. In this study, we presented a human neural differentiation model based on human embryonic stem cells (hESC) that can be used to test toxicity at different stages of neural differentiation in vitro. hESC were differentiated into neural stem cells (NSC) and then terminally differentiated towards mixed neurons and glial cells for 21 days. Cell survival, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and gene expression levels were examined. Our results demonstrated that atrazine inhibited the proliferation of hESC and NSC, and showed different toxic sensitivity on these two kinds of cells. Also, atrazine blocked the NSC cell cycle G1 phase via down-regulating CCND1, CDK2, and CDK4, with no obvious effect on apoptosis. In addition, atrazine curbed EB spontaneous differentiation and NSC-induced neurons and glia cells differentiation. Atrazine altered genes expression levels of PAX6, TUBB3, NCAM1, GFAP, TH, NR4A1, and GRIA1. From the data we obtained, we recognized that the dopaminergic system was not the only target of atrazine neurotoxicity, glutamatergic neurons and astrocytes were also adversely affected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211166, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Stability of Atrazine–Smectite Intercalates: Density Functional Theory and Experimental Study. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Atrazine (A) is one of the most applied herbicides and has a negative impact on the environment and health. Density functional theory (DFT) and experimental methods were used in the study of the immobilization of atrazine in two smectites, montmorillonite (Mt) and beidellite (Bd), as well as in their organically modified structures. Four systems were examined: A-Mt and A-Bd, as well as the structures modified by tetramethylphosphonium cation (TMP), A-TMP-Mt and A-TMP-Bd. The calculations revealed a flat arrangement of the atrazine in the interlayer space of both smectites with higher stability of beidellite structures. The presence of the TMP cation increased the fixation of atrazine in both organically modified smectites. The calculated vibrational spectra allowed a detailed analysis of the overlapping bands observed in the experimental FTIR spectra and their correct assignment. Further, selected FTIR bands unambiguously assigned to atrazine and both smectites served for the estimation of the adsorbed amount of atrazine. It was shown that the adsorption capacity of both TMP-modified smectites did not increase in comparison to the adsorption capacity of unmodified smectite samples.
Collapse
|