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Zhang R, Zhang W, Zheng J, Xu J, Wang H, Du J, Zhou D, Sun Y, Shen B. Toxic Effects of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. Essential Oil and Its Main Component on Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1516. [PMID: 37050142 PMCID: PMC10096719 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable control of mosquitoes, vectors of many pathogens and parasites, is a critical challenge. Chemical insecticides are gradually losing their effectiveness because of development of resistance, and plant metabolites are increasingly being recognized as potential alternatives to chemical insecticides. This study aimed to analyze the main components of Perilla frutescens essential oil (PE-EO), investigate the specific activity of PE-EO as a botanical insecticide and mosquito repellent, and explore whether its main constituents are potential candidates for further research. The larvicidal activity assay showed that LC50 of PE-EO and 2-hexanoylfuran was 45 and 25 mg/L, respectively. In the ovicidal activity assay, both 120 mg/L PE-EO and 80 mg/L 2-hexanoylfuran could achieve 98% egg mortality. Moreover, PE-EO and 2-hexanoylfuran showed repellency and oviposition deterrence effects. Notably, 10% PE-EO maintained a high rate of protection for 360 min. Although PE-EO and its main component had certain toxic effects on zebrafish, no significant harmful effects were detected in human embryonic kidney cells. Therefore, perilla essential oil is an effective agent for mosquito control at several life stages and that its main component, 2-hexanoylfuran, is a potential candidate for developing novel plant biopesticides.
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Guo C, Zhou B, Liu Y, Niu H, Lv L, Li M. Simulation analysis and physiological and biochemical evaluation of Sophora flavescens aboveground against aphids using network pharmacology. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 189:105308. [PMID: 36549815 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pests cause substantial damage to human environments; therefore, studying insecticidal mechanisms is crucial for improving pest control. However, the use of chemical pesticides can cause irreversible secondary damage. In this study, we used network pharmacology to investigate the effect of Sophora flavescens Alt., as a biological pest control agent, on glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase, thymidylate synthase, and a translocation protein in aphids. The stability and reliability of target proteins was analyzed using molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations. Enzyme activity assays validated the feasibility of network pharmacology to obtain actionable targets. We used interdisciplinary integration to study pest control and network pharmacology to identify how Sophora flavescens Alt. resists aphid attacks. The results show that the use of network pharmacology can increase the accuracy and specificity of our predictions for the molecules targeted by insecticides. This approach will facilitate improved, environmentally friendly pest control development in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China; Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Baochang Zhou
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Hui Niu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China; Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, China
| | - Lijuan Lv
- Department of Basic Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Minhui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China; Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, China; Inner Mongolia Academy of Chinese and Mongolian Medicine, Hohhot, China.
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Cuthbert RN, Coughlan NE, Dick JTA, Callaghan A. Sink trap: duckweed and dye attractant reduce mosquito populations. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 34:97-104. [PMID: 31638276 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Duckweeds, such as Lemna minor Linnaeus (Alismatales: Lemnaceae), are common in aquatic habitats and have been suggested to reduce larval mosquito survivorship via mechanical and chemical effects. Furthermore, pond dyes are used increasingly in aquatic habitats to enhance their aesthetics, although they have been shown to attract mosquito oviposition. The present study examined the coupled effects of L. minor and black pond dye on the oviposition selectivity of Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes in a series of laboratory choice tests. Subsequently, using outdoor mesocosms, the combined influence of duckweed and pond dye on mosquito abundances in aquatic habitats was quantified. Mosquitoes were strongly attracted to duckweed, and oviposited significantly greater numbers of egg rafts in duckweed-treated water compared with untreated controls, even when the duckweed was ground. The presence of pond dye interacted with the duckweed and further enhanced positive selectivity towards duckweed-treated water. The presence of duckweed caused significant and sustained reductions in larval mosquito numbers, whereas the relative effects of dye were not evident. The use of floating aquatic plants such as duckweed, combined with dye, may help reduce mosquito populations via the establishment of population sinks, characterized by high rates of oviposition coupled with high levels of larval mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross N Cuthbert
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, U.K
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
| | - Neil E Coughlan
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, U.K
| | - Jaimie T A Dick
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, U.K
| | - Amanda Callaghan
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, U.K
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Cuthbert RN, Dalu T, Mutshekwa T, Wasserman RJ. Leaf inputs from invasive and native plants drive differential mosquito abundances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:652-654. [PMID: 31279211 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ecological impacts of invasive alien species can be unpredictable and simultaneously span multiple habitat types and taxonomic groups. Invasive alien plants can have particularly severe impacts, and plant inputs into aquatic environments can profoundly alter community composition of invertebrates, such as mosquitoes. Here, we examine larval mosquito colonisation of aquatic containers treated with leaves from four different terrestrial plants: the invasive tickberry Lantana camara, invasive guava Psidium guajava, native sycamore fig Ficus sycomorus and native silver cluster-leaf Terminalia sericea. Larval mosquito abundances differed significantly accordingly to leaf treatment, whilst no mosquitoes colonised leaf-free controls. Leaf litter from the invasive L. camara, invasive P. guajava and native F. sycomorus drove significant increases in mosquito abundances relative to native T. sericea. We demonstrate the importance of plant identity for larval mosquito proliferations in aquatic habitats, with changes in plant community composition following terrestrial plant invasions potentially resulting in increased mosquito abundances. In turn, this may have implications for the vectoring of mosquito-borne disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross N Cuthbert
- School of Biological Sciences, 19 Chlorine Gardens, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Tatenda Dalu
- Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Thendo Mutshekwa
- Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Ryan J Wasserman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
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Pavela R, Maggi F, Iannarelli R, Benelli G. Plant extracts for developing mosquito larvicides: From laboratory to the field, with insights on the modes of action. Acta Trop 2019; 193:236-271. [PMID: 30711422 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, major research efforts have been done to investigate the insecticidal activity of plant-based products against mosquitoes. This is a modern and timely challenge in parasitology, aimed to reduce the frequent overuse of synthetic pesticides boosting resistance development in mosquitoes and causing serious threats to human health and environment. This review covers the huge amount of literature available on plant extracts tested as mosquito larvicides, particularly aqueous and alcoholic ones, due to their easy formulation in water without using surfactants. We analysed results obtained on more than 400 plant species, outlining that 29 of them have outstanding larvicidal activity (i.e., LC50 values below 10 ppm) against major vectors belonging to the genera Anopheles, Aedes and Culex, among others. Furthermore, synergistic and antagonistic effects between plant extracts and conventional pesticides, as well as among selected plant extracts are discussed. The efficacy of pure compounds isolated from the most effective plant extracts and - when available - their mechanism of action, as well as the impact on non-target species, is also covered. These belong to the following class of secondary metabolites: alkaloids, alkamides, sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, sterols, flavonoids, coumarins, anthraquinones, xanthones, acetogenonins and aliphatics. Their mode of action on mosquito larvae ranges from neurotoxic effects to inhibition of detoxificant enzymes and larval development and/or midugut damages. In the final section, current drawbacks as well as key challenges for future research, including technologies to synergize efficacy and improve stability - thus field performances - of the selected plant extracts, are outlined. Unfortunately, despite the huge amount of laboratory evidences about their efficacy, only a limited number of studies was aimed to validate their efficacy in the field, nor the epidemiological impact potentially arising from these vector control operations has been assessed. This strongly limits the development of commercial mosquito larvicides of botanical origin, at variance with plant-borne products developed in the latest decades to kill or repel other key arthropod species of medical and veterinary importance (e.g., ticks and lice), as well as mosquito adults. Further research on these issues is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06, Prague 6, Ruzyne, Czech Republic
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Sant'Agostino, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Romilde Iannarelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via Sant'Agostino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Govindasamy B, Paramasivam D, Dilipkumar A, Ramalingam KR, Chinnaperumal K, Pachiappan P. Multipurpose efficacy of the lyophilized cell-free supernatant of Salmonella bongori isolated from the freshwater fish, Devario aequipinnatus: toxicity against microbial pathogens and mosquito vectors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:29162-29180. [PMID: 30112646 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Presently, the discovery of effective drugs and pesticides from eco-friendly biological sources is an important challenge in the field of life sciences. The present research was aimed for standardizing an innovative approach in the evaluation of the biological potentiality of the metabolites of fish-associated bacteria. We have identified 17 skin-associated bacteria from the freshwater fish, giant danio, Devario aquipinnatus. They were screened through biofilm forming and extracellular enzyme producing ability. The results of preliminary antibacterial evaluation of the bacterial supernatants underlined the importance of three potential strains (BH8, BH10 and BH11) for further applied research. Hence, such strains were subsequently subjected to a novel extraction procedure to overcome the difficulties found in polar solvents mixed with the supernatant. The lyophilized cell-free supernatant (LCFS) of 3 isolates were individually extracted by using methanol. During the testing of LCFS's methanolic extract (LCFS-ME) of 3 isolates, only the extract of BH11-strain exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, the larvicidal and mosquitocidal assays on the filariasis vector, Culex quinquefasciatus also showed its potent toxicity on both the adults and developmental instars of mosquito. Through molecular and phylogenetic analyses, the BH11 strain was identified as Salmonella bongori (KR350635). The present finding emphasized that the S. bongori could be an important novel source of effective antimicrobials and mosquitocidal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Paramasivam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India
| | - Aiswarya Dilipkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India
| | - Karthik Raja Ramalingam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India
| | - Kamaraj Chinnaperumal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India
| | - Perumal Pachiappan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India.
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Gomes da Rocha Voris D, Dos Santos Dias L, Alencar Lima J, Dos Santos Cople Lima K, Pereira Lima JB, Dos Santos Lima AL. Evaluation of larvicidal, adulticidal, and anticholinesterase activities of essential oils of Illicium verum Hook. f., Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr., and Myristica fragrans Houtt. against Zika virus vectors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:22541-22551. [PMID: 29808407 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2362-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the vector responsible for transmitting pathogens that cause various infectious diseases, such as dengue, Zika, yellow fever, and chikungunya, worrying health authorities in the tropics. Due to resistance of mosquitoes to synthetic insecticides, the search for more effective insecticidal agents becomes crucial. The aim of this study was to verify the larvicidal, adulticidal, and anticholinesterase activities of the essential oils of the Illicium verum (EOIV), Pimenta dioica (EOPD), and Myristica fragrans (EOMF) against Ae. aegypti. The essential oils (EOs) were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The larvicidal and adulticidal activities of EOs were evaluated against third instar larvae and Ae. aegypti adult females, respectively, using the procedures of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the anticholinesterase activity of the EOs by the modified Ellman method. The following major components were identified: (E)-anethole (90.1%) for EOIV, methyl eugenol (55.0%) for EOPD, and sabinene (52.1%) for EOMF. All EOs exhibited larvicidal and adulticidal activity against Ae. aegypti. The highest larval mortality was observed in EOMF with LC50 = 28.2 μg mL-1. Adult mortality was observed after 1 (knockdown) and 24 h exposure, with the highest potential established by the EOIV, KC50 = 7.3 μg mg female-1 and LC50 = 10.3 μg mg female-1. EOIV (IC50 = 4800 μg mL-1), EOMF (IC50 = 4510 μg mL-1), and EOPD (IC50 = 1320 μg mL-1) inhibited AChE. EOMF (4130 μg mL-1) and EOPD (IC50 = 3340 μg mL-1) inhibited BChE whereas EOIV showed no inhibition. The EOs were toxic to larvae and adults of Ae. aegypti, as well as being less toxic to humans than the currently used insecticides, opening the possibility of elaboration of a natural, safe, and ecological bioinsecticide for vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Gomes da Rocha Voris
- Section of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Defence Laboratory, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22291-270, Brazil.
| | - Luciana Dos Santos Dias
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Vector Arthropods, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Biology of the Army, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20911-270, Brazil
| | - Josélia Alencar Lima
- Section of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Defence Laboratory, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22291-270, Brazil
| | - Keila Dos Santos Cople Lima
- Section of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Defence Laboratory, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22291-270, Brazil
| | - José Bento Pereira Lima
- Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Vector Arthropods, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Biology of the Army, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20911-270, Brazil
| | - Antônio Luís Dos Santos Lima
- Section of Chemical Engineering, Chemical and Biological Defence Laboratory, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22291-270, Brazil
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