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Xia D, Lee C, Charpentier NM, Deng Y, Yan Q, Gabriel JCP. Drivers and Pathways for the Recovery of Critical Metals from Waste-Printed Circuit Boards. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2309635. [PMID: 38837685 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The ever-increasing importance of critical metals (CMs) in modern society underscores their resource security and circularity. Waste-printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are particularly attractive reservoirs of CMs due to their gamut CM embedding and ubiquitous presence. However, the recovery of most CMs is out of reach from current metal-centric recycling industries, resulting in a flood loss of refined CMs. Here, 41 types of such spent CMs are identified. To deliver a higher level of CM sustainability, this work provides an insightful overview of paradigm-shifting pathways for CM recovery from WPCBs that have been developed in recent years. As a crucial starting entropy-decreasing step, various strategies of metal enrichment are compared, and the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) and hyperspectral sensing is highlighted. Then, tailored metal recycling schemes are presented for the platinum group, rare earth, and refractory metals, with emphasis on greener metallurgical methods contributing to transforming CMs into marketable products. In addition, due to the vital nexus of CMs between the environment and energy sectors, the upcycling of CMs into electro-/photo-chemical catalysts for green fuel synthesis is proposed to extend the recycling chain. Finally, the challenges and outlook on this all-round upgrading of WPCB recycling are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xia
- SCARCE Laboratory, Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Carmen Lee
- SCARCE Laboratory, Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Nicolas M Charpentier
- SCARCE Laboratory, Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
| | - Yuemin Deng
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
- Ecologic France, 15 Avenue du Centre, Guyancour, 78280, France
| | - Qingyu Yan
- SCARCE Laboratory, Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jean-Christophe P Gabriel
- SCARCE Laboratory, Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, LICSEN, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91191, France
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2
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Vuppaladadiyam SSV, Thomas BS, Kundu C, Vuppaladadiyam AK, Duan H, Bhattacharya S. Can e-waste recycling provide a solution to the scarcity of rare earth metals? An overview of e-waste recycling methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171453. [PMID: 38453089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Recycling e-waste is seen as a sustainable alternative to compensate for the limited natural rare earth elements (REEs) resources and the difficulty of accessing these resources. Recycling facilitates the recovery of valuable products and minimizes emissions during their transportation. Numerous studies have been reported on e-waste recycling using various techniques, including thermo-, hydro- and biometallurgical approaches. However, each approach still has technical, economic, social, or environmental limitations. This review highlights the potential of recycling e-waste, including outlining the current unutilized potential of REE recycling from different e-waste components. An in-depth analysis of e-waste generation on a global scale and Australian scenario, along with various hazardous impacts on ecosystem and human health, is reported. In addition, a comprehensive summary of various metal recovery processes and their merits and demerits is also presented. Lifecycle analysis for recovering REEs from e-waste indicate a positive environmental impact when compared to REEs produced from virgin sources. In addition, recovering REEs form secondary sources eliminated ca. 1.5 times radioactive waste, as seen in production from primary sources scenario. The review outcome demonstrates the increasing potential of REE recycling to overcome critical challenges, including issues over supply security and localized dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bennet Sam Thomas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | - Chandan Kundu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Huabo Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sankar Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Australia.
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3
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Verma G, Hostert J, Summerville AA, Robang AS, Garcia Carcamo R, Paravastu AK, Getman RB, Duval CE, Renner J. Investigation of Rare Earth Element Binding to a Surface-Bound Affinity Peptide Derived from EF-Hand Loop I of Lanmodulin. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16912-16926. [PMID: 38527460 PMCID: PMC10995902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Bioinspired strategies have been given extensive attention for the recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from waste streams because of their high selectivity, regeneration potential, and sustainability as well as low cost. Lanmodulin protein is an emerging biotechnology that is highly selective for REE binding. Mimicking lanmodulin with shorter peptides is advantageous because they are simpler and potentially easier to manipulate and optimize. Lanmodulin-derived peptides have been found to bind REEs, but their properties have not been explored when immobilized on solid substrates, which is required for many advanced separation technologies. Here, two peptides, LanM1 and scrambled LanM1, are designed from the EF-hand loop 1 of lanmodulin and investigated for their binding affinity toward different REEs when surface-bound. First, the ability of LanM1 to bind REEs was confirmed and characterized in solution using circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for Ce(III) ions. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was used to further analyze the binding of the LanM1 to Ce(III), Nd(III), Eu(III), and Y(III) ions and in low-pH conditions. The performance of the immobilized peptides on a model gold surface was examined using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). The studies show that the LanM1 peptide has a stronger REE binding affinity than that of scrambled LanM1 when in solution and when immobilized on a gold surface. QCM-D data were fit to the Langmuir adsorption model to estimate the surface-bound dissociation constant (Kd) of LanM1 with Ce(III) and Nd(III). The results indicate that LanM1 peptides maintain a high affinity for REEs when immobilized, and surface-bound LanM1 has no affinity for potential competitor calcium and copper ions. The utility of surface-bound LanM1 peptides was further demonstrated by immobilizing them to gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and capturing REEs from solution in experiments utilizing an Arsenazo III-based colorimetric dye displacement assay and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. The saturated adsorption capacity of GNPs was estimated to be around 3.5 μmol REE/g for Ce(III), Nd(III), Eu(III), and Y(III) ions, with no binding of non-REE Ca(II) ions observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geeta Verma
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jacob Hostert
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Alex A. Summerville
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Alicia S. Robang
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ricardo Garcia Carcamo
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Anant K. Paravastu
- School
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Parker
H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Rachel B. Getman
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine E. Duval
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Julie Renner
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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4
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Su L, Souaibou Y, Hôtel L, Paris C, Weissman KJ, Aigle B. Biosynthesis of novel desferrioxamine derivatives requires unprecedented crosstalk between separate NRPS-independent siderophore pathways. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0211523. [PMID: 38323847 PMCID: PMC10952394 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02115-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential to many biological processes but its poor solubility in aerobic environments restricts its bioavailability. To overcome this limitation, bacteria have evolved a variety of strategies, including the production and secretion of iron-chelating siderophores. Here, we describe the discovery of four series of siderophores from Streptomyces ambofaciens ATCC23877, three of which are unprecedented. MS/MS-based molecular networking revealed that one of these series corresponds to acylated desferrioxamines (acyl-DFOs) recently identified from S. coelicolor. The remaining sets include tetra- and penta-hydroxamate acyl-DFO derivatives, all of which incorporate a previously undescribed building block. Stable isotope labeling and gene deletion experiments provide evidence that biosynthesis of the acyl-DFO congeners requires unprecedented crosstalk between two separate non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)-independent siderophore (NIS) pathways in the producing organism. Although the biological role(s) of these new derivatives remain to be elucidated, they may confer advantages in terms of metal chelation in the competitive soil environment due to the additional bidentate hydroxamic functional groups. The metabolites may also find application in various fields including biotechnology, bioremediation, and immuno-PET imaging.IMPORTANCEIron-chelating siderophores play important roles for their bacterial producers in the environment, but they have also found application in human medicine both in iron chelation therapy to prevent iron overload and in diagnostic imaging, as well as in biotechnology, including as agents for biocontrol of pathogens and bioremediation. In this study, we report the discovery of three novel series of related siderophores, whose biosynthesis depends on the interplay between two NRPS-independent (NIS) pathways in the producing organism S. ambofaciens-the first example to our knowledge of such functional cross-talk. We further reveal that two of these series correspond to acyl-desferrioxamines which incorporate four or five hydroxamate units. Although the biological importance of these novel derivatives is unknown, the increased chelating capacity of these metabolites may find utility in diagnostic imaging (for instance, 89Zr-based immuno-PET imaging) and other applications of metal chelators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Su
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, DynAMic, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
| | - Yaouba Souaibou
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, DynAMic, Nancy, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IMoPA, Nancy, France
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5
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Colombo F, Fantini R, Di Renzo F, Malavasi G, Malferrari D, Arletti R. An insight into REEs recovery from spent fluorescent lamps: Evaluation of the affinity of an NH 4-13X zeolite towards Ce, La, Eu and Y. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 175:339-347. [PMID: 38241823 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The constantly increasing demand of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) made them to be part of the so-called "critical elements" indispensable for the energy transition. The monopoly of only a few countries, the so-called balance problem between demand and natural abundance, and the need to limit the environmental costs of their mining, stress the necessity of a recycling policy of these elements. Different methods have been tested for REEs recovery. Despite the well-known ion-exchange properties of zeolites, just few preliminary works investigated their application for REEs separation and recycle. In this work we present a double ion exchange experiment on a NH4-13X zeolite, aimed at the recovery of different REEs from solutions mimicking the composition of liquors obtained from the leaching of spent fluorescent lamps. The results showed that the zeolite was able to exchange all the REEs tested, but the exchange capacity was different: despite Y being the more concentrated REE in the solutions, the cation exchange was lower than less concentrated ones (16 atoms p.u.c. vs 21 atoms for Ce and La solutions), suggesting a possible selectivity. In order to recover REEs from the zeolite, a second exchange with an ammonium solution was performed. The analyses of the zeolites show that almost all of Ce and Eu remain in the zeolite, while nearly half of La and Y are released. This, once again, suggests a possible selective release of REEs and open the possibility for a recovery process in which Rare Earths can be effectively separated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Colombo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Fantini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Renzo
- ICGM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Gianluca Malavasi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Malferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Arletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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6
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Andrade M, Pinto J, Soares AMVM, Solé M, Pereira E, Freitas R. How predicted temperature and salinity changes will modulate the impacts induced by terbium in bivalves? CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 351:141168. [PMID: 38215828 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The threat of climate change, which includes shifts in salinity and temperature, has generated a global concern for marine organisms. These changes directly impact them and may alter their susceptibility to contaminants, such as terbium (Tb), found in electronic waste. This study assessed how decreased and increased salinity, as well as increased temperature, modulates Tb effects in Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels. After an exposure period of 28 days, Tb bioaccumulation and biochemical changes were evaluated. Results indicated no significant modulation of salinity and temperature on Tb accumulation, suggesting detoxification mechanisms and adaptations. Further analysis showed that Tb exposure alone caused antioxidant inhibition and neurotoxicity. When exposed to decreased salinity, these Tb-exposed organisms activated defense mechanisms, a response indicative of osmotic stress. Moreover, increased salinity also led to increased oxidative stress and metabolic activity in Tb-exposed organisms. Additionally, Tb-exposed organisms responded to elevated temperature with altered biochemical activities indicative of damage and stress response. Such responses suggested that Tb effects were masked by osmotic and heat stress. This study provides valuable insights into the interactions between temperature, salinity, and contaminants such as Tb, impacting marine organisms. Understanding these relationships is crucial for mitigating climate change and electronic waste effects on marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Pinto
- Departamento de Química & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Solé
- Departamento de Recursos Marinos Renovables, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar ICM-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Departamento de Química & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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7
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Qin Z, Li X, Shen X, Cheng Y, Wu F, Li Y, He Z. Electrochemical selective lithium extraction and regeneration of spent lithium iron phosphate. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:106-113. [PMID: 38041979 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a green, efficient and low-cost process for the selective recovery of lithium from spent LiFePO4 by anodic electrolysis is proposed. The leaching rates of Li, Fe and P under different conditions were explored and the optimal conditions are obtained. In the optimal conditions, Li, Fe and P leaching rates were 96.31%, 0.06% and 0.62% respectively. The Li/Fe selectivity was over 99.9%. The product obtained is isostructural FePO4 and retains the original particle morphology. The FePO4 obtained can be synthesised into LiFePO4/C by direct regeneration process or impurity removal regeneration process. The material synthesized by the latter process has a better electrochemical performance, with a discharge specific capacity of 144.5 mAh/g at 1.0C and a capacity retention of 92.0% over 500cycles. The superior performance can be attributed to an impurity removal process that reduced agglomeration and improved particle morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Qin
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xinjie Shen
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Feixiang Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yunjiao Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zhenjiang He
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; National Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Nonferrous Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China; Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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8
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Kazi OA, Chen W, Eatman JG, Gao F, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xia Z, Darling SB. Material Design Strategies for Recovery of Critical Resources from Water. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300913. [PMID: 37000538 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Population growth, urbanization, and decarbonization efforts are collectively straining the supply of limited resources that are necessary to produce batteries, electronics, chemicals, fertilizers, and other important products. Securing the supply chains of these critical resources via the development of separation technologies for their recovery represents a major global challenge to ensure stability and security. Surface water, groundwater, and wastewater are emerging as potential new sources to bolster these supply chains. Recently, a variety of material-based technologies have been developed and employed for separations and resource recovery in water. Judicious selection and design of these materials to tune their properties for targeting specific solutes is central to realizing the potential of water as a source for critical resources. Here, the materials that are developed for membranes, sorbents, catalysts, electrodes, and interfacial solar steam generators that demonstrate promise for applications in critical resource recovery are reviewed. In addition, a critical perspective is offered on the grand challenges and key research directions that need to be addressed to improve their practical viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Kazi
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jamila G Eatman
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yining Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yuqin Wang
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Zijing Xia
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Seth B Darling
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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9
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Saviano L, Brouziotis AA, Suarez EGP, Siciliano A, Spampinato M, Guida M, Trifuoggi M, Del Bianco D, Carotenuto M, Spica VR, Lofrano G, Libralato G. Catalytic Activity of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) in Advanced Oxidation Processes of Wastewater Pollutants: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:6185. [PMID: 37687014 PMCID: PMC10488708 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, sewage treatment plants did not effectively remove emerging water pollutants, leaving potential threats to human health and the environment. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising technology for the treatment of contaminated wastewater, and the addition of catalysts such as heavy metals has been shown to enhance their effectiveness. This review focuses on the use of rare earth elements (REEs) as catalysts in the AOP process for the degradation of organic pollutants. Cerium and La are the most studied REEs, and their mechanism of action is based on the oxygen vacancies and REE ion concentration in the catalysts. Metal oxide surfaces improve the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to form hydroxide species, which degrade the organics. The review discusses the targets of AOPs, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other molecules such as alkaloids, herbicides, and phenols. The current state-of-the-art advances of REEs-based AOPs, including Fenton-like oxidation and photocatalytic oxidation, are also discussed, with an emphasis on their catalytic performance and mechanism. Additionally, factors affecting water chemistry, such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, inorganic species, and natural organic matter, are analyzed. REEs have great potential for enhancing the removal of dangerous organics from aqueous solutions, and further research is needed to explore the photoFenton-like activity of REEs and their ideal implementation for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Saviano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Antonios Apostolos Brouziotis
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Edith Guadalupe Padilla Suarez
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Antonietta Siciliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Marisa Spampinato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
- CeSMA Advanced Metrological and Technological Service Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bianco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Maurizio Carotenuto
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “Adolfo Zambelli”, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Romano Spica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.R.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (V.R.S.); (G.L.)
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (A.A.B.); (E.G.P.S.); (M.S.); (M.G.); (D.D.B.); (G.L.)
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10
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Krishna R, Dhass AD, Arya A, Prasad R, Colak I. An assessment of the strategies for the energy-critical elements necessary for the development of sustainable energy sources. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90276-90297. [PMID: 37273062 PMCID: PMC10241139 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28046-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There have been several strategies developed to increase the diversified supply of energy so that it can meet all of the future demands for energy. As a result, to ensure a healthy and sustainable energy future, it is imperative to warrant reliable and diverse energy supply sources if the "green energy economy" is to be realized. The purpose of developing and deploying clean energy technologies is to improve our overall energy security, reduce our carbon footprint, and ensure that the generation of energy is secure and reliable in the future, making sure that we can spur economic growth in the future. In this paper, advancements in alternative sources of energy sustainability and strategies will be examined to ensure there will be enough fuel to supply all the future demands for energy. Several emerging clean energy technologies rely heavily on the availability of materials that exhibit unique properties that are necessary for their development. This paper examines the roles that rare earth and other energy-critical materials play in securing a clean energy economy and the development of clean energy economies in general. For the development of these technologies to be successful and sustainable, a number of these energy-critical materials are at risk of becoming unavailable. This is due to their limited availability, disruptions in supply, and a lack of suitable resources for their development. An action plan focusing on producing energy-critical materials in energy-efficient ways is discussed as part of an initiative to advance the development of clean and sustainable energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Krishna
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.
| | | | - Abhishek Arya
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ranjit Prasad
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ilhami Colak
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nisantasi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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11
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Sánchez-Castro I, Molina L, Prieto-Fernández MÁ, Segura A. Past, present and future trends in the remediation of heavy-metal contaminated soil - Remediation techniques applied in real soil-contamination events. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16692. [PMID: 37484356 PMCID: PMC10360604 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Most worldwide policy frameworks, including the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, highlight soil as a key non-renewable natural resource which should be rigorously preserved to achieve long-term global sustainability. Although some soil is naturally enriched with heavy metals (HMs), a series of anthropogenic activities are known to contribute to their redistribution, which may entail potentially harmful environmental and/or human health effects if certain concentrations are exceeded. If this occurs, the implementation of rehabilitation strategies is highly recommended. Although there are many publications dealing with the elimination of HMs using different methodologies, most of those works have been done in laboratories and there are not many comprehensive reviews about the results obtained under field conditions. Throughout this review, we examine the different methodologies that have been used in real scenarios and, based on representative case studies, we present the evolution and outcomes of the remediation strategies applied in real soil-contamination events where legacies of past metal mining activities or mine spills have posed a serious threat for soil conservation. So far, the best efficiencies at field-scale have been reported when using combined strategies such as physical containment and assisted-phytoremediation. We have also introduced the emerging problem of the heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils and the different strategies implemented to tackle this problem. Although remediation techniques used in real scenarios have not changed much in the last decades, there are also encouraging facts for the advances in this field. Thus, a growing number of mining companies publicise in their webpages their soil remediation strategies and efforts; moreover, the number of scientific publications about innovative highly-efficient and environmental-friendly methods is also increasing. In any case, better cooperation between scientists and other soil-related stakeholders is still required to improve remediation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Sánchez-Castro
- Estación Experimental Del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Lázaro Molina
- Estación Experimental Del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - María-Ángeles Prieto-Fernández
- Misión Biolóxica de Galicia (CSIC), Sede Santiago de Compostela, Avda de Vigo S/n. Campus Vida, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Segura
- Estación Experimental Del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
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12
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Liu L, Cui J, Chen S, Zhang X, Wang S, Huang L. Circ_002363 is regulated by the RNA binding protein BCAS2 and inhibits neodymium oxide nanoparticle-induced DNA damage by non-homologous end-joining repair. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160819. [PMID: 36526188 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Neodymium oxide nanoparticles (NPs-Nd2O3) are increasingly being used in industry and biomedicine, causing adverse health effects such as lung disease. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms controlling these adverse consequences are unknown at present. In this study, a human bronchial epithelial cell line (16HBE) was exposed to increasing concentrations of NPs-Nd2O3, and Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with NPs-Nd2O3 by intratracheal instillation. We found that NPs-Nd2O3 exposure induced DNA damage and down-regulated levels of circular RNA (circRNA) circ_002363 in 16HBE cells as well as in rat lung tissue. We also observed that circ_002363 levels in the serum of workers employed in the production of NPs-Nd2O3 diminished as the work time progressed, suggesting that circ_002363 may be a potential biomarker of lung injury. Functional experiments showed that circ_002363 significantly inhibited DNA damage induced by NPs-Nd2O3. RNA pull-down and western blot assays found that circ_002363 interacted with proteins PARP1/Ku70/Ku80/Rad50, which are critical participants in non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair. Moreover, we found that formation of circ_002363 was regulated by the RNA binding protein Breast Carcinoma Amplified Sequence 2 (BCAS2). The BCAS2 protein affected circ_002363 expression through interaction with Pre-DNA2, the host gene of circ_002363, in NPs-Nd2O3-exposed 16HBE cells. In conclusion, our findings show first that circ_002363, which is regulated by BCAS2, acts as regulator of DNA damage via the NHEJ pathway. These results enhance our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms controlling the actions of circular RNAs and highlight the relationship between genetics and epigenetics in the development of diseases following exposure to environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jinjin Cui
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Shijie Chen
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- School of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014030, Inner Mongolia, China.
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13
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From ash to oxides: Recovery of rare-earth elements as a step towards valorization of coal fly ash waste. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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14
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Analysis of the Adsorption-Release Isotherms of Pentaethylenehexamine-Modified Sorbents for Rare Earth Elements (Y, Nd, La). Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235063. [PMID: 36501458 PMCID: PMC9740061 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste from electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is constantly increasing in quantity and becoming more and more heterogeneous as technology is rapidly advancing. The negative impacts it has on human and environment safety, and its richness in valuable rare earth elements (REEs), are accelerating the necessity of innovative methods for recycling and recovery processes. The aim of this work is to comprehend the adsorption and release mechanisms of two different solid sorbents, activated carbon (AC) and its pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA)-modified derivative (MAC), which were deemed adequate for the treatment of REEs deriving from WEEE. Experimental data from adsorption and release tests, performed on synthetic mono-ionic solutions of yttrium, neodymium, and lanthanum, were modelled via linear regression to understand the better prediction between the Langmuir and the Freundlich isotherms for each REE-sorbent couple. The parameters extrapolated from the mathematical modelling were useful to gain an a priori knowledge of the REEs-sorbents interactions. Intraparticle diffusion was the main adsorption mechanism for AC. PEHA contributed to adsorption by means of coordination on amino groups. Release was based on protons fostering both a cation exchange mechanism and protonation. The investigated materials confirmed their potential suitability to be employed in real processes on WEEE at the industrial level.
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15
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Li A, Li B, Lu B, Yang D, Hou S, Song X. Generation estimation and material flow analysis of retired mobile phones in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:75626-75635. [PMID: 35657548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The generation estimation of retired mobile phones is launched with the sales and new method using the revised sales data and amount of the subscribers. Several assumptions have been made due to the insufficient sources of the data. The sales data of legal mobile phones are calculated with the authoritative and continuous official data. The sales data of smuggled and counterfeit mobile phones in China are also estimated based on the behavior data collected from the questionnaires. The results of generation estimation show that there are 636.52 million mobile phones retired in 2020, compared with 14.44 million in 1999 and several negative values in 2000, 2001, and 2008. The annual total mass of retired mobile phones in China escalated with the contributions of both the increasing generation amount and constant mass of the single unit. There are 50,921.60 ton of mobile phones retired in 2020 compared with 1155.20 ton in 1999, while the peak is 58,131.20 ton in 2019. There are 26,066.80 ton of retired mobile phones are stockpiled in 2020, while 16,152.40 ton and 8702.40 ton of retired mobile phones are reused as a whole unit and recycled, respectively. In the retired mobile phones that are recycled, 4600.50 ton material is recovered and 1216.50 ton components are reused, while 2885.40 ton residues need final disposal. The amount and dynamic characteristics of metals in the retired mobile phones are also calculated. Based on the results, several policy implications are made to improve sustainable management system of retired mobile phones in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Xingtai Polytechnic College, Xingtai, 054000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Xingtai Polytechnic College, Xingtai, 054000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Yang
- Institute of Science and Technology for Development of Shandong, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Hou
- Department of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Xingtai Polytechnic College, Xingtai, 054000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Song
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai, 201209, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai, 201209, People's Republic of China
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16
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Advances of magnetic nanohydrometallurgy using superparamagnetic nanomaterials as rare earth ions adsorbents: A grand opportunity for sustainable rare earth recovery. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Lewis A, Guéguen C. Using chemometric models to predict the biosorption of low levels of dysprosium by Euglena gracilis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58936-58949. [PMID: 35377126 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The critical rare earth element dysprosium (Dy) is integral for sustainable technologies. What is concerning is that Dy is in imminent short supply and no current replacements yet exist, coupled with increasing environmental Dy levels influenced by anthropogenic activities. This study applies chemometric methods such as response surface methodology and artificial neural networks to predict low Dy removal levels using the biosorbent Euglena gracilis. A three-factor Box-Behnken experimental design was conducted with initial concentration (1 to 100 µg L-1), contact time (30 to 180 min), and pH (3 to 8) as the three independent variables, and percentage removal and sorption capacity (q) as dependent variables. Using Dy percentage removal as response, for the worst and best conditions ranged from 0 to 92% respectively, with an average removal of 66 ± 4%. Using sorption capacity (q) as a different response variable, q varied from 0 to 93 µg/g with 27 ± 4 µg/g capacity as average. Maximum removal was 92% (q = 93 µg/g) was at pH 3, a contact time of 105 min and at a concentration of 100 µg/L. Using sorption capacity as the response variable for ANOVA, pH and metal concentrations were statistically significant factors, with lower pH and higher metal concentration having improved Dy removal, with a desirability near 1. Statistical tests such as analysis of variance, lack-of-fit, and coefficient of determination (R2) confirmed model validity. A 3-10-1 ANN network array was used to model experimental responses (q). RSM and ANN effectively modeled Dy biosorption. E. gracilis proved to be a cheap and effective biosorbent for Dy biosorption and has the potential to remediate acid mine drainage areas exhibiting low Dy concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsely Lewis
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, Canada
| | - Céline Guéguen
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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18
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Wu G, Shi N, Wang T, Cheng CM, Wang J, Tian C, Pan WP. Enrichment and occurrence form of rare earth elements during coal and coal gangue combustion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:44709-44722. [PMID: 35133594 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18852-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Coal ash has emerged as an important alternative source for rare earth elements (REEs). The enrichment and occurrence form of REEs among coal combustion products are of great significance for both technical design and economic evaluation of recovering REEs from the coal ash. Here, the enrichment and occurrence form of REEs in the ash were investigated. Compared with ashes from muffle furnace, coal fly ash (CFA) from power plants involved higher enrichment ratio of REEs, which was explained by the fractionation of coal ashes to concentrate REEs in finer CFA, higher combustion temperature to vaporize more volatile elements, and longer residence time of fly ash to absorb REEs in the gas. In addition, CFA samples were analyzed by sequence chemical extraction procedure (SCEP) and scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDX), which revealed the important role of aluminum in the occurrence form of REEs compared with Si in aluminosilicates of CFA. This conclusion was further confirmed by thermodynamic equilibrium calculation, which also agreed qualitatively with the observation that REEs mainly existed in the solid phase. Both experimental and computational results of this work provided insights to understand the distribution of REEs in CFA and optimize their extraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
- North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Nan Shi
- EXPEC-ARC, Saudi Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Chin-Min Cheng
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Chunxiao Tian
- Stat Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Wei-Ping Pan
- Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China
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19
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Dinh T, Dobo Z, Kovacs H. Phytomining of rare earth elements - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 297:134259. [PMID: 35271907 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REEs) for modern industry has led to a surge in mining activities and consequently has released these metals into the environment. Intensifying REEs in a habitat has impacts on its ecosystem, but on the other side, it also provides the opportunity to recover REEs from low-grade minerals. Phytomining has emerged as an ecologically sound technique to extract these valuable elements from contaminated soils where traditional mining is not competitive. This paper presents and reviews the concept of REE phytomining from three scientific areas. The accumulation of rare earth metals in plants is the first stage, referred to as the phytoextraction process. This is followed by elevating REE concentrations into bio-ores via the enrichment phase. Ultimately, extraction is the final step to complete the phytomining pathway for reclaiming REEs in brownfield land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truong Dinh
- Institute of Energy and Quality, University of Miskolc, 3515, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Dobo
- Institute of Energy and Quality, University of Miskolc, 3515, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Helga Kovacs
- Institute of Energy and Quality, University of Miskolc, 3515, Miskolc, Hungary.
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20
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Paranjape P, Yadav MD. Recent advances in the approaches to recover rare earths and precious metals from E‐waste: A mini‐review. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Purva Paranjape
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India
| | - Manishkumar D. Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India
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21
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Dysprosium Absorption of Aluminum Tolerant- and Absorbing-Yeast. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Background: Biosorption plays important roles in the recovery of rare earth metals. The absorption of dysprosium (Dy) was tested in yeast. Interestingly, brewing yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, showed Dy absorption, and two strains, Alt-OF2 and Alt-OF5—previously isolated as highly aluminum-tolerant and -absorbing yeast strains—were screened and shown to be superior in terms of their Dy absorption when compared to S. cerevisiae. Here, we analyzed the Dy absorption in these yeast strains. Methods: Dy absorption in yeast strains was measured using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Dy concentration and localization in yeast cells and the effect of treated pH on the Dy absorption were assayed. Results: The Dy absorption of Alt-OF2 and Alt-OF5 was more than two times that of S. cerevisiae. The absorption of Dy took place inside of the cells, and a small amount was found in the cell wall fraction. Conclusion: These results suggest that yeast offers a promising solution to the biosorption of rare earth metals and that it is possible to use the highly absorbent strains to breed a yeast strain that can recover even higher concentrations of Dy.
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22
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García-Balboa C, Martínez-Alesón García P, López-Rodas V, Costas E, Baselga-Cervera B. Microbial biominers: Sequential bioleaching and biouptake of metals from electronic scraps. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1265. [PMID: 35212477 PMCID: PMC8861593 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic scraps (e-scraps) represent an attractive raw material to mine demanded metals, as well as rare earth elements (REEs). A sequential microbial-mediated process developed in two steps was examined to recover multiple elements. First, we made use of an acidophilic bacteria consortium, mainly composed of Acidiphilium multivorum and Leptospidillum ferriphilum, isolated from acid mine drainages. The consortium was inoculated in a dissolution of e-scraps powder and cultured for 15 days. Forty-five elements were analyzed in the liquid phase over time, including silver, gold, and 15 REEs. The bioleaching efficiencies of the consortium were >99% for Cu, Co, Al, and Zn, 53% for Cd, and around 10% for Cr and Li on Day 7. The second step consisted of a microalgae-mediated uptake from e-scraps leachate. The strains used were two acidophilic extremotolerant microalgae, Euglena sp. (EugVP) and Chlamydomonas sp. (ChlSG) strains, isolated from the same extreme environment. Up to 7.3, 4.1, 1.3, and 0.7 µg by wet biomass (WB) of Zn, Al, Cu, and Mn, respectively, were uptaken by ChlSG biomass in 12 days, presenting higher efficiency than EugVP. Concerning REEs, ChlSG biouptake 14.9, 20.3, 13.7, 8.3 ng of Gd, Pr, Ce, La per WB. Meanwhile, EugVP captured 1.1, 1.5, 1.4, and 7.5, respectively. This paper shows the potential of a microbial sequential process to revalorize e-scraps and recover metals and REEs, harnessing extremotolerant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camino García-Balboa
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Victoria López-Rodas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Costas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Baselga-Cervera
- Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.,Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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23
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Liu Z, Zhou H, Li W, Luo X, Wang J, Liu F. Separation and coextraction of REEs and Fe from NdFeB sludge by co-leaching and stepwise precipitation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Ambaye TG, Vaccari M, Prasad S, van Hullebusch ED, Rtimi S. Preparation and applications of chitosan and cellulose composite materials. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113850. [PMID: 34619590 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural fiber, chemically cellulose-like biopolymer, which is processed from chitin. Its use as a natural polymer is getting more attention because it is non-toxic, renewable, and biocompatible. However, its poor mechanical and thermal strength, particle size, and surface area restrict its industrial use. Consequently, to improve these properties, cellulose and/or inorganic nanoparticles have been used. This review discusses the recent progress of chitosan and cellulose composite materials, their preparation, and their applications in different industrial sectors. It also discusses the modification of chitosan and cellulose composite materials to allow their use on a large scale. Finally, the recent development of chitosan composite materials for drug delivery, food packaging, protective coatings, and wastewater treatment are discussed. The challenges and perspectives for future research are also considered. This review suggests that chitosan and cellulose nano-composite are promising, low-cost products for environmental remediation involving a simple production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Mentore Vaccari
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Shiv Prasad
- Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Eric D van Hullebusch
- Université de Paris, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7154, F-75238, Paris, France
| | - Sami Rtimi
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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25
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Singer H, Drobot B, Zeymer C, Steudtner R, Daumann LJ. Americium preferred: lanmodulin, a natural lanthanide-binding protein favors an actinide over lanthanides. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15581-15587. [PMID: 35003587 PMCID: PMC8654097 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04827a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The separation and recycling of lanthanides is an active area of research with a growing demand that calls for more environmentally friendly lanthanide sources. Likewise, the efficient and industrial separation of lanthanides from the minor actinides (Np, Am–Fm) is one of the key questions for closing the nuclear fuel cycle; reducing costs and increasing safety. With the advent of the field of lanthanide-dependent bacterial metabolism, bio-inspired applications are in reach. Here, we utilize the natural lanthanide chelator lanmodulin and the luminescent probes Eu3+ and Cm3+ to investigate the inter-metal competition behavior of all lanthanides (except Pm) and the major actinide plutonium as well as three minor actinides neptunium, americium and curium to lanmodulin. Using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy we show that lanmodulin has the highest relative binding affinity to Nd3+ and Eu3+ among the lanthanide series. When equimolar mixtures of Cm3+ and Am3+ are added to lanmodulin, lanmodulin preferentially binds to Am3+ over Cm3+ whilst Nd3+ and Cm3+ bind with similar relative affinity. The results presented show that a natural lanthanide-binding protein can bind a major and various minor actinides with high relative affinity, paving the way to bio-inspired separation applications. In addition, an easy and versatile method was developed, using the fluorescence properties of only two elements, Eu and Cm, for inter-metal competition studies regarding lanthanides and selected actinides and their binding to biological molecules. In need of environmentally friendly methods for the separation and recycling of lanthanides and actinides, the binding of the protein lanmodulin to lanthanides and actinides was studied using time resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Singer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstraße 5 - 13 81377 München Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V. Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Cathleen Zeymer
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf e.V. Bautzner Landstraße 400 01328 Dresden Germany
| | - Lena J Daumann
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich Butenandtstraße 5 - 13 81377 München Germany
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Yu JM, Luo D, Ma ZJ, Zheng B, Cheng FF, Xiong WW. Effective Enrichment of Low-Concentration Rare-Earth Ions by Three-Dimensional Thiostannate K 2Sn 2S 5. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55188-55197. [PMID: 34757713 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth elements (REEs) in industrial wastewaters have great value for recycling and reuse, but their characteristic of low concentration poses a challenge to an efficient enrichment from wastewaters. In recent years, thiometallates featuring two-dimensional layers have shown great potential in the enrichment of REEs via the ion-exchange process. However, investigations on thiometallates featuring three-dimensional anionic frameworks for the recovery of REEs have not been reported. Herein, K2Sn2S5 (KTS-2), a thiostannate possessing a three-dimensional porous framework, was chosen as an ion-exchange material for capturing REEs from an aqueous solution. Indeed, KTS-2 exhibited excellent ion-exchange performance for all 16 REEs (except Pm). Specifically, KTS-2 displayed a high capture capacity (232.7 ± 7.8 mg/g) and a short equilibrium time (within 10 min) for Yb3+ ions. In addition, KTS-2 had a high distribution coefficient for Yb3+ ions (Kd > 105 mL/g) in the presence of excessive interfering ions. Impressively, KTS-2 could reach removal rates of above 95% for all 16 REEs in a large quantity of wastewater with low initial concentration (∼7 mg/L). Moreover, KTS-2 could be used as an eco-friendly material for ion exchange of REEs, since the released K+ cations would not cause secondary pollution to the water solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Ming Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Da Luo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Cheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources and Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Dybczyński RS, Samczyński Z, Chajduk E. Comparison of Usefulness of Four Chelating Agents (EDTA, NTA, ODA and IDA) for the Chromatographic Separation of Micro and Macro Amounts of Rare Earth Elements. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1012-1026. [PMID: 34796769 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2000851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Literature on the use of four chelating agents namely: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, diglycolic acid and iminodiacetic acid for the chromatographic separation of micro and macro amounts of rare earth elements was critically reviewed and supplemented with some new unpublished data from our Laboratory. Advantages and disadvantages of ion exchange chromatography both in cation and anion mode as well as ion interaction chromatography techniques, which were used for rare earth elements separation, are discussed. The usefulness of some of the chromatographic systems for micro-macro separations was discussed and demonstrated. The importance of resilience of the separation method to column overloading in some analytical and larger scale separations was emphasized. The methods described in this article might suit well for recovering of individual lanthanides and yttrium from e-waste and other industrial wastes which were fast accumulating in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajmund S Dybczyński
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Samczyński
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ewelina Chajduk
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Warszawa, Poland
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28
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Oliveira JSS, Hacha RR, d’Almeida FS, Almeida CA, Moura FJ, Brocchi EA, Souza RFM. Electronic Waste Low-Temperature Processing: An Alternative Thermochemical Pretreatment to Improve Component Separation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6228. [PMID: 34683820 PMCID: PMC8540244 DOI: 10.3390/ma14206228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The production of electronic waste due to technological development, economic growth and increasing population has been rising fast, pushing for solutions before the environmental pressure achieves unprecedented levels. Recently, it was observed that many extractive metallurgy alternatives had been considered to recover value from this type of waste. Regarding pyrometallurgy, little is known about the low-temperature processing applied before fragmentation and subsequent component separation. Therefore, the present manuscript studies such alternative based on scanning electron microscopy characterization. The sample used in the study was supplied by a local recycling center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The mass loss was constant at around 30% for temperatures higher than 300 °C. Based on this fact, the waste material was then submitted to low-temperature processing at 350 °C followed by attrition disassembling, size classification, and magnetic concentration steps. In the end, this first report of the project shows that 15% of the sample was recovered with metallic components with high economic value, such as Cu, Ni, and Au, indicating that such methods could be an interesting alternative to be explored in the future for the development of alternative electronic waste extraction routes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rodrigo F. M. Souza
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, RJ, Brazil; (J.S.S.O.); (R.R.H.); (F.S.d.); (C.A.A.); (F.J.M.); (E.A.B.)
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29
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Shen J, Liang C, Zhong J, Xiao M, Zhou J, Liu J, Liu J, Ren S. Adsorption behavior and mechanism of Serratia marcescens for Eu(III) in rare earth wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:56915-56926. [PMID: 34076818 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Directly discharging low-concentration rare-earth wastewater not only wastes rare-earth resources but also pollutes the environment. In this study, the biosorption behavior of Serratia marcescens for Eu(III) was studied with emphasis on the optimization of adsorption conditions, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption isotherm. It was shown that the maximum adsorption capacity of Serratia marcescens reached 115.36 mg·g-1 under an optimal condition, indicating the good adsorption capability of Serratia marcescens for Eu(III). The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm analysis showed that the adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm, indicating that the adsorption of Eu(III) by Serratia marcescens is a monolayer chemical adsorption process. In addition, the adsorption mechanism was investigated by using characterizations of zeta potential, scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. It was revealed that the adsorption of Eu(III) by S. marcescens is a combination of electrostatic attraction, ions exchange and coordination. These findings indicate that S. marcescens can be used as a potential biosorbent to recover rare earth elements from rare earth wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jili Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Changli Liang
- School of Biological and Food Processing Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, 463000, China.
| | - Jingping Zhong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Minsi Xiao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Sili Ren
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Mining & Metallurgy Environmental Pollution Control, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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30
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Heilmann M, Breiter R, Becker AM. Towards rare earth element recovery from wastewaters: biosorption using phototrophic organisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:5229-5239. [PMID: 34143229 PMCID: PMC8236035 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Whilst the biosorption of metal ions by phototrophic (micro)organisms has been demonstrated in earlier and more recent research, the isolation of rare earth elements (REEs) from highly dilute aqueous solutions with this type of biomass remains largely unexplored. Therefore, the selective binding abilities of two microalgae (Calothrix brevissima, Chlorella kessleri) and one moss (Physcomitrella patens) were examined using Neodym and Europium as examples. The biomass of P. patens showed the highest sorption capacities for both REEs (Nd3+: 0.74 ± 0.05 mmol*g−1; Eu3+: 0.48 ± 0.05 mmol*g−1). A comparison with the sorption of precious metals (Au3+, Pt4+) and typical metal ions contained in wastewaters (Pb2+, Fe2+, Cu2+, Ni2+), which might compete for binding sites, revealed that the sorption capacities for Au3+ (1.59 ± 0.07 mmol*g−1) and Pb2+ (0.83 ± 0.02 mmol*g−1) are even higher. Although different patterns of maximum sorption capacities for the tested metal ions were observed for the microalgae, they too showed the highest affinities for Au3+, Pb2+, and Nd3+. Nd-sorption experiments in the pH range from 1 to 6 and the recorded adsorption isotherms for this element showed that the biomass of P. patens has favourable properties as biosorbent compared to the microalgae investigated here. Whilst the cultivation mode did not influence the sorption capacities for the target elements of the two algal species, it had a great impact on the properties of the moss. Thus, further studies are necessary to develop effective biosorption processes for the recovery of REEs from alternative and so far unexploited sources. Key points • The highest binding capacity for selected REEs was registered for P. patens. • The highest biosorption was found for Au and the biomass of the examined moss. • Biosorption capacities of P. patens seem to depend on the cultivation mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Heilmann
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Straße 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roman Breiter
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Straße 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Becker
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Paul-Gordan-Straße 3, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
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31
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Advances in Understanding of the Application of Unit Operations in Metallurgy of Rare Earth Elements. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11060978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Unit operations (UO) are mostly used in non-ferrous extractive metallurgy (NFEM) and usually separated into three categories: (1) hydrometallurgy (leaching under atmospheric and high pressure conditions, mixing of solution with gas and mechanical parts, neutralization of solution, precipitation and cementation of metals from solution aiming purification, and compound productions during crystallization), (2) pyrometallurgy (roasting, smelting, refining), and (3) electrometallurgy (aqueous electrolysis and molten salt electrolysis). The high demand for critical metals, such as rare earth elements (REE), indium, scandium, and gallium raises the need for an advance in understanding of the UO in NFEM. The aimed metal is first transferred from ores and concentrates to a solution using a selective dissolution (leaching or dry digestion) under an atmospheric pressure below 1 bar at 100 °C in an agitating glass reactor and under a high pressure (40–50 bar) at high temperatures (below 270 °C) in an autoclave and tubular reactor. The purification of the obtained solution was performed using neutralization agents such as sodium hydroxide and calcium carbonate or more selective precipitation agents such as sodium carbonate and oxalic acid. The separation of metals is possible using liquid (water solution)/liquid (organic phase) extraction (solvent extraction (SX) in mixer-settler) and solid-liquid filtration in chamber filter-press under pressure until 5 bar. Crystallization is the process by which a metallic compound is converted from a liquid into a crystalline state via a supersaturated solution. The final step is metal production using different methods (aqueous electrolysis for basic metals such as copper, zinc, silver, and molten salt electrolysis for REE and aluminum). Advanced processes, such as ultrasonic spray pyrolysis, microwave assisted leaching, and can be combined with reduction processes in order to produce metallic powders. Some preparation for the leaching process is performed via a roasting process in a rotary furnace, where the sulfidic ore was first oxidized in an oxidic form which is a suitable for the metal transfer to water solution. UO in extractive metallurgy of REE can be successfully used not only for the metal wining from primary materials, but also for its recovery from secondary materials.
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32
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Martínez-Alesón García P, García-Balboa C, Romero-López J, López-Rodas V, Costas E, Baselga-Cervera B. Fluctuation analysis to select for Samarium bio-uptaking microalgae clones the repurposing of a classical evolution experiment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112134. [PMID: 33721662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rare Earth Elements (REE) increasing demand prompts the research of biotechnological approaches to exploit secondary resources. We made use of the adapted Fluctuation analyses experiment to obtain Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ChlA strains resistant to Samarium (Sm) as the reference REE. The starting hypothesis was that adaptation to metal-containing media leads to an enhanced metal uptake. ChlA was able to adapt to 1.33·10-4 Sm M and pH~3 by pre-existing genetic variability, allowing the evolutionary rescue of 13 of the 99 populations studied. The rescuing resistant genotypes presented a mutation rate of 8.65·10-7 resistant cells per division. The resulting resistant population contradicted the expected fitness cost associated with the adaptation to Sm, selection resulted in larger and faster-growing resistant cells. Among the three isolated strains studied for Sm uptake, only one presented uplifted performance compared to the control population (46.64 μg Sm g-¹ of wet biomass and 3.26·10-7 ng Sm per cell, mainly bioaccumulated within the cells). The selection of microalgae strains with improved tolerance to REEs by this methodology could be a promising solution for REES sequestration. However, increased tolerance can be independent or have negative effects on uptake performance and cellular features studied are not directly correlated with the metal uptake. SUMMARY SENTENCE: Repurposing a classic laboratory evolution experiment to select for microalgae Samarium adapted strains for metals recovery and biotechnology approaches. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its raw files).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camino García-Balboa
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Julia Romero-López
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Victoria López-Rodas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Costas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Baselga-Cervera
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain; Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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33
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Nayak S, Kumal RR, Liu Z, Qiao B, Clark AE, Uysal A. Origins of Clustering of Metalate-Extractant Complexes in Liquid-Liquid Extraction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:24194-24206. [PMID: 33849269 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Effective and energy-efficient separation of precious and rare metals is very important for a variety of advanced technologies. Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) is a relatively less energy intensive separation technique, widely used in separation of lanthanides, actinides, and platinum group metals (PGMs). In LLE, the distribution of an ion between an aqueous phase and an organic phase is determined by enthalpic (coordination interactions) and entropic (fluid reorganization) contributions. The molecular scale details of these contributions are not well understood. Preferential extraction of an ion from the aqueous phase is usually correlated with the resulting fluid organization in the organic phase, as the longer-range organization increases with metal loading. However, it is difficult to determine the extent to which organic phase fluid organization causes, or is caused by, metal loading. In this study, we demonstrate that two systems with the same metal loading may impart very different organic phase organizations and investigate the underlying molecular scale mechanism. Small-angle X-ray scattering shows that the structure of a quaternary ammonium extractant solution in toluene is affected differently by the extraction of two metalates (octahedral PtCl62- and square-planar PdCl42-), although both are completely transferred into the organic phase. The aggregates formed by the metalate-extractant complexes (approximated as reverse micelles) exhibit a more long-range order (clustering) with PtCl62- compared to that with PdCl42-. Vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy and complementary atomistic molecular dynamics simulations on model Langmuir monolayers indicate that the two metalates affect the interfacial hydration structures differently. Furthermore, the interfacial hydration is correlated with water extraction into the organic phase. These results support a strong relationship between the organic phase organizational structure and the different local hydration present within the aggregates of metalate-extractant complexes, which is independent of metalate concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Nayak
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Raju R Kumal
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Zhu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Baofu Qiao
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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Kim K, Candeago R, Rim G, Raymond D, Park AHA, Su X. Electrochemical approaches for selective recovery of critical elements in hydrometallurgical processes of complex feedstocks. iScience 2021; 24:102374. [PMID: 33997673 PMCID: PMC8091062 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical minerals are essential for the ever-increasing urban and industrial activities in modern society. The shift to cost-efficient and ecofriendly urban mining can be an avenue to replace the traditional linear flow of virgin-mined materials. Electrochemical separation technologies provide a sustainable approach to metal recovery, through possible integration with renewable energy, the minimization of external chemical input, as well as reducing secondary pollution. In this review, recent advances in electrochemically mediated technologies for metal recovery are discussed, with a focus on rare earth elements and other key critical materials for the modern circular economy. Given the extreme heterogeneity of hydrometallurgically-derived media of complex feedstocks, we focus on the nature of molecular selectivity in various electrochemically assisted recovery techniques. Finally, we provide a perspective on the challenges and opportunities for process intensification in critical materials recycling, especially through combining electrochemical and hydrometallurgical separation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwiyong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Riccardo Candeago
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Guanhe Rim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Darien Raymond
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ah-Hyung Alissa Park
- Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.,Lenfest Center for Sustainable Energy, The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Xiao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Artiushenko O, Zaitsev V, Rojano WS, Freitas GA, Nazarkovsky M, Saint'Pierre TD, Kai J. Rationally designed dipicolinate-functionalized silica for highly efficient recovery of rare-earth elements from e-waste. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124976. [PMID: 33429146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Composition of the immobilized layer plays a crucial role in metal adsorption properties of complexing organo-mineral materials. Ignoring the specific features of chemical reactions on solid surface can lead to a significant deterioration in the target properties of the resulted materials. In this research we demonstrated that rationally designed surface-assembling synthesis of organo-silica with covalently immobilized fragments of dipicolinic acid (DPA) resulted in the adsorbent that is capable quantitively recover almost all Rare Earth elements (REEs) from multielement solution with pH > 1.7. In ten consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles no noticeable loss of its efficiency was found, with a mean value of REEs recovery larger than 97%. The adsorbent has been used to recover REEs from model solutions (22 metal ions in 0.5 mol L-1 NaCl) and real leaching solution of waste of fluorescent lamps. It was demonstrated that even 3200-fold excess of Fe and Cu ions only slightly reduces REEs recovery. The adsorbent is capable to recover above 80% of all (except La) REEs from acidic leaching solution from fluorescent lamps with enrichment factors above 600. After adsorption of Eu3+ and Tb3+, the resulting materials exhibited strong red and green luminescence, respectively, indicating chelating mechanism of REEs adsorption on SiO2-DPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Artiushenko
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Zaitsev
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil; National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, 2 Skovorody vul., Kyiv 04070, Ukraine.
| | - Wendy S Rojano
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel A Freitas
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Michael Nazarkovsky
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Tatiana D Saint'Pierre
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
| | - Jiang Kai
- Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Marquês de São Vicente St. 225, Rio de Janeiro 22451-900, Brazil
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36
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Application of Green Solvents for Rare Earth Element Recovery from Aluminate Phosphors. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11030287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two processes applying green solvents for recovering rare earth elements (REEs) from different types of aluminate phosphors are demonstrated in this report. For magnesium aluminate-type phosphors, a pretreatment with peroxide calcination was implemented first, and then followed by a supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process. Supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) provides an effective and green medium for extracting REEs from dry materials. With the addition of a complex agent, tri-n-butyl phosphate-nitric acid complex, highly efficient and selective extraction of REEs using supercritical carbon dioxide can be achieved. The highest extraction efficiency was 92% for europium from the europium doped barium magnesium aluminate phosphor (BAM), whereas the highest extraction selectivity was more than 99% for the REEs combined from the trichromatic phosphor. On the other hand, for strontium aluminate type phosphors, a direct acid leaching process is suggested. It was found out that acetic acid, which is considerably green, could have high recovery rate for dysprosium (>99%) and europium (~83%) from this strontium aluminate phosphor materials. Nevertheless, both green processes showed promising results and could have high potential for industrial applications.
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Comparison of Three Approaches for Bioleaching of Rare Earth Elements from Bauxite. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10080649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 300 million tonnes of bauxite are processed annually, primarily to extract alumina, and can contain moderate rare earth element (REE) concentrations, which are critical to a green energy future. Three bioleaching techniques (organic acid, reductive and oxidative) were tested on three karst bauxites using either Aspergillus sp. (organic acid bioleaching) or Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (reductive and oxidative bioleaching). Recovery was highest in relation to middle REE (generally Nd to Gd), with maximum recovery of individual REE between 26.2% and 62.8%, depending on the bauxite sample. REE recovery occurred at low pH (generally < 3), as a result of organic acids produced by Aspergillus sp. or sulphuric acid present in A. ferrooxidans growth media. Acid production was seen when A. ferrooxidans was present. However, a clear increase in REE recovery in the presence of A. ferrooxidans (compared to the control) was only seen with one bauxite sample (clay-rich) and only under oxidative conditions. The complex and varied nature of REE-bearing minerals in bauxite provides multiple targets for bioleaching, and although the majority of recoverable REE can be leached by organic and inorganic acids, there is potential for enhanced recovery by bioleaching.
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