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Kochunov P, Hong LE, Summerfelt A, Gao S, Brown PL, Terzi M, Acheson A, Woldorff MG, Fieremans E, Abdollahzadeh A, Sathyasaikumar KV, Clark SM, Schwarcz R, Shepard PD, Elmer GI. White matter and latency of visual evoked potentials during maturation: A miniature pig model of adolescent development. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 411:110252. [PMID: 39159872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continuous myelination of cerebral white matter (WM) during adolescence overlaps with the formation of higher cognitive skills and the onset of many neuropsychiatric disorders. We developed a miniature-pig model of adolescent brain development for neuroimaging and neurophysiological assessment during this critical period. Minipigs have gyroencephalic brains with a large cerebral WM compartment and a well-defined adolescence period. METHODS Eight Sinclair™ minipigs (Sus scrofa domestica) were evaluated four times during weeks 14-28 (40, 28 and 28 days apart) of adolescence using monocular visual stimulation (1 Hz)-evoked potentials and diffusion MRI (dMRI) of WM. The latency for the pre-positive 30 ms (PP30), positive 30 ms (P30) and negative 50 ms (N50) components of the flash visual evoked potentials (fVEPs) and their interhemispheric latency (IL) were recorded in the frontal, central and occipital areas during ten 60-second stimulations for each eye. The dMRI imaging protocol consisted of fifteen b-shells (b = 0-3500 s/mm2) with 32 directions/shell, providing measurements that included fractional anisotropy (FA), radial kurtosis, kurtosis anisotropy (KA), axonal water fraction (AWF), and the permeability-diffusivity index (PDI). RESULTS Significant reductions (p < 0.05) in the latency and IL of fVEP measurements paralleled significant rises in FA, KA, AWF and PDI over the same period. The longitudinal latency changes in fVEPs were primarily associated with whole-brain changes in diffusion parameters, while fVEP IL changes were related to maturation of the corpus callosum. CONCLUSIONS Good agreement between reduction in the latency of fVEPs and maturation of cerebral WM was interpreted as evidence for ongoing myelination and confirmation of the minipig as a viable research platform. Adolescent development in minipigs can be studied using human neuroimaging and neurophysiological protocols and followed up with more invasive assays to investigate key neurodevelopmental hypotheses in psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Kochunov
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - L Elliot Hong
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ann Summerfelt
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Si Gao
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - P Leon Brown
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Terzi
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley Acheson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Marty G Woldorff
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC. USA
| | - Els Fieremans
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ali Abdollahzadeh
- Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Korrapati V Sathyasaikumar
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sarah M Clark
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert Schwarcz
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul D Shepard
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Greg I Elmer
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Vitantonio AT, Dimovasili C, Mortazavi F, Vaughan KL, Mattison JA, Rosene DL. Long-term calorie restriction reduces oxidative DNA damage to oligodendroglia and promotes homeostatic microglia in the aging monkey brain. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 141:1-13. [PMID: 38788462 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) is a robust intervention that can slow biological aging and extend lifespan. In the brain, terminally differentiated neurons and glia accumulate oxidative damage with age, reducing their optimal function. We investigated if CR could reduce oxidative DNA damage to white matter oligodendrocytes and microglia. This study utilized post-mortem brain tissue from rhesus monkeys that died after decades on a 30 % reduced calorie diet. We found that CR subjects had significantly fewer cells with oxidative damage within the corpus callosum and the cingulum bundle. Oligodendrocytes specifically showed the greatest response to CR with a robust reduction in DNA damage. Additionally, we observed alterations in microglia morphology with CR subjects having a higher proportion of ramified, homeostatic microglia and fewer pro-inflammatory, hypertrophic microglia relative to controls. Furthermore, we determined that the observed attenuation in damaged DNA occurs primarily within mitochondria. Overall, these data suggest that long-term CR can reduce oxidative DNA damage and offer a neuroprotective effect in a cell-type-specific manner in the aging monkey brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T Vitantonio
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Biophysics, 700 Albany St., Room 308, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 East Concord St, Room L1004, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Christina Dimovasili
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 East Concord St, Room L1004, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Farzad Mortazavi
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 East Concord St, Room L1004, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kelli L Vaughan
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Julie A Mattison
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, 72 East Concord St, Room L1004, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Boston University, Center for Systems Neuroscience, 610 Commonwealth Ave., 7th Floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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3
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Alldritt S, Ramirez JSB, de Wael RV, Bethlehem R, Seidlitz J, Wang Z, Nenning K, Esper NB, Smallwood J, Franco AR, Byeon K, Alexander-Bloch A, Amaral DG, Amiez C, Balezeau F, Baxter MG, Becker G, Bennett J, Berkner O, Blezer ELA, Brambrink AM, Brochier T, Butler B, Campos LJ, Canet-Soulas E, Chalet L, Chen A, Cléry J, Constantinidis C, Cook DJ, Dehaene S, Dorfschmidt L, Drzewiecki CM, Erdman JW, Everling S, Falchier A, Fleysher L, Fox A, Freiwald W, Froesel M, Froudist-Walsh S, Fudge J, Funck T, Gacoin M, Gale DJ, Gallivan J, Garin CM, Griffiths TD, Guedj C, Hadj-Bouziane F, Hamed SB, Harel N, Hartig R, Hiba B, Howell BR, Jarraya B, Jung B, Kalin N, Karpf J, Kastner S, Klink C, Kovacs-Balint ZA, Kroenke C, Kuchan MJ, Kwok SC, Lala KN, Leopold DA, Li G, Lindenfors P, Linn G, Mars RB, Masiello K, Menon RS, Messinger A, Meunier M, Mok K, Morrison JH, Nacef J, Nagy J, Neudecker V, Neuringer M, Noonan MP, Ortiz-Rios M, Perez-Zoghbi JF, Petkov CI, Pinsk M, Poirier C, Procyk E, Rajimehr R, Reader SM, Rudko DA, Rushworth MFS, Russ BE, Sallet J, Sanchez MM, Schmid MC, Schwiedrzik CM, Scott JA, Sein J, Sharma KK, Shmuel A, Styner M, Sullivan EL, Thiele A, Todorov OS, Tsao D, Tusche A, Vlasova R, Wang Z, Wang L, Wang J, Weiss AR, Wilson CRE, Yacoub E, Zarco W, Zhou Y, Zhu J, Margulies D, Fair D, Schroeder C, Milham M, Xu T. Brain Charts for the Rhesus Macaque Lifespan. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.28.610193. [PMID: 39257737 PMCID: PMC11383706 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.610193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent efforts to chart human brain growth across the lifespan using large-scale MRI data have provided reference standards for human brain development. However, similar models for nonhuman primate (NHP) growth are lacking. The rhesus macaque, a widely used NHP in translational neuroscience due to its similarities in brain anatomy, phylogenetics, cognitive, and social behaviors to humans, serves as an ideal NHP model. This study aimed to create normative growth charts for brain structure across the macaque lifespan, enhancing our understanding of neurodevelopment and aging, and facilitating cross-species translational research. Leveraging data from the PRIMatE Data Exchange (PRIME-DE) and other sources, we aggregated 1,522 MRI scans from 1,024 rhesus macaques. We mapped non-linear developmental trajectories for global and regional brain structural changes in volume, cortical thickness, and surface area over the lifespan. Our findings provided normative charts with centile scores for macaque brain structures and revealed key developmental milestones from prenatal stages to aging, highlighting both species-specific and comparable brain maturation patterns between macaques and humans. The charts offer a valuable resource for future NHP studies, particularly those with small sample sizes. Furthermore, the interactive open resource (https://interspeciesmap.childmind.org) supports cross-species comparisons to advance translational neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alldritt
- Center for the Integrative Developmental Neuroscience, Child Mind Institute
| | | | | | - R Bethlehem
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A R Franco
- Child Mind Institute
- Nathan Kline Institute
| | | | - A Alexander-Bloch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania
| | - D G Amaral
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and The MIND Institute
- University of California Davis
| | - C Amiez
- Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute
| | | | - M G Baxter
- Section on Comparative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine
| | - G Becker
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1
| | - J Bennett
- University of California Davis, Dept of Psychology
| | - O Berkner
- Translational Neuroscience division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | | | | | | | - B Butler
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | | | | | | | - A Chen
- East China Normal University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - A Falchier
- Translational Neuroscience Division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | | | - A Fox
- University of California Davis
| | | | - M Froesel
- Institute for Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod
| | | | | | | | - M Gacoin
- Institute for Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod
| | | | | | - C M Garin
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod (ISC-MJ)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University
| | | | - C Guedj
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, University of Geneva
| | | | - S B Hamed
- Institute for Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod
| | | | - R Hartig
- Translational Neuroscience division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | - B Hiba
- Institute for Cognitive Science Marc Jeannerod
| | - B R Howell
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Tech
- Carilion Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech
| | | | - B Jung
- University of Pennsylvania
| | - N Kalin
- University of Wisconsin Madison
| | - J Karpf
- Oregon National Primate Research Center
| | - S Kastner
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute & Department of Psychology, Princeton University
| | - C Klink
- Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
| | | | - C Kroenke
- Oregon National Primate Research Center
| | | | | | - K N Lala
- Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, School of Biology, University of St. Andrews
| | | | - G Li
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - P Lindenfors
- Institute for Futures Studies, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Cultural Evolution & Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - G Linn
- Translational Neuroscience division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | | | - K Masiello
- Translational Neuroscience division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | | | | | - M Meunier
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, ImpAct Team
| | | | - J H Morrison
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis
| | | | - J Nagy
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | | | | | | | - M Ortiz-Rios
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research
| | | | - C I Petkov
- Newcastle University, University of Iowa
| | - M Pinsk
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University
| | | | - E Procyk
- Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute
| | - R Rajimehr
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - S M Reader
- Department of Biology, Utrecht University
- Department of Biology, McGill University
| | | | | | - B E Russ
- Translational Neuroscience division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
| | - J Sallet
- INSERM Stem Cell & Brain Research Institute
- University of Oxford
| | - M M Sanchez
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine
- Emory National Primate Research Center; Emory University
| | | | - C M Schwiedrzik
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Cognitive Neurobiology
- Neural Circuits and Cognition Lab, European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen
- Perception and Plasticity Group, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research
| | - J A Scott
- Department of Bioengineering, Santa Clara University
| | | | | | | | - M Styner
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | | | - O S Todorov
- Department of Biology and Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University
| | - D Tsao
- Department of Computation and Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology
| | | | - R Vlasova
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Z Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience
| | - L Wang
- East China Normal University
| | - J Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - A R Weiss
- Oregon National Primate Research Center
| | | | | | | | - Y Zhou
- Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University
| | - D Margulies
- French National Centre for Scientific Research
| | | | - C Schroeder
- Translational Neuroscience division, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute
- Deptartment of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Columbia University
| | - M Milham
- Child Mind Institute
- Nathan Kline Institute
| | - T Xu
- Center for the Integrative Developmental Neuroscience, Child Mind Institute
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4
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Khodanovich M, Svetlik M, Kamaeva D, Usova A, Kudabaeva M, Anan’ina T, Vasserlauf I, Pashkevich V, Moshkina M, Obukhovskaya V, Kataeva N, Levina A, Tumentceva Y, Vasilieva S, Schastnyy E, Naumova A. Demyelination in Patients with POST-COVID Depression. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4692. [PMID: 39200834 PMCID: PMC11355865 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most severe sequelae of COVID-19, with major depressive disorder often characterized by disruption in white matter (WM) connectivity stemming from changes in brain myelination. This study aimed to quantitatively assess brain myelination in clinically diagnosed post-COVID depression (PCD) using the recently proposed MRI method, macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) mapping. Methods: The study involved 63 recovered COVID-19 patients (52 mild, 11 moderate, and 2 severe) at 13.5 ± 10.0 months post-recovery, with matched controls without prior COVID-19 history (n = 19). A post-COVID depression group (PCD, n = 25) was identified based on psychiatric diagnosis, while a comparison group (noPCD, n = 38) included participants with neurological COVID-19 complications, excluding clinical depression. Results: Fast MPF mapping revealed extensive demyelination in PCD patients, particularly in juxtacortical WM (predominantly occipital lobe and medial surface), WM tracts (inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), posterior thalamic radiation, external capsule, sagittal stratum, tapetum), and grey matter (GM) structures (hippocampus, putamen, globus pallidus, and amygdala). The noPCD group also displayed notable demyelination, but with less magnitude and propagation. Multiple regression analysis highlighted IFOF demyelination as the primary predictor of Hamilton scores, PCD presence, and severity. The number of post-COVID symptoms was a significant predictor of PCD presence, while the number of acute symptoms was a significant predictor of PCD severity. Conclusions: This study, for the first time, reveals extensive demyelination in numerous WM and GM structures in PCD, outlining IFOF demyelination as a key biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Khodanovich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Mikhail Svetlik
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Daria Kamaeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Anna Usova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 12/1 Savinykh Street, Tomsk 634028, Russia
| | - Marina Kudabaeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Tatyana Anan’ina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Irina Vasserlauf
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Valentina Pashkevich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Marina Moshkina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Victoria Obukhovskaya
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Department of Fundamental Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovskiy Trakt, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Kataeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovskiy Trakt, Tomsk 634028, Russia
| | - Anastasia Levina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Medica Diagnostic and Treatment Center, 86 Sovetskaya Street, Tomsk 634510, Russia
| | - Yana Tumentceva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Svetlana Vasilieva
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Evgeny Schastnyy
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Anna Naumova
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, South Lake Union Campus, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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5
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Lee H, Lee HH, Ma Y, Eskandarian L, Gaudet K, Tian Q, Krijnen EA, Russo AW, Salat DH, Klawiter EC, Huang SY. Age-related alterations in human cortical microstructure across the lifespan: Insights from high-gradient diffusion MRI. Aging Cell 2024:e14267. [PMID: 39118344 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The human brain undergoes age-related microstructural alterations across the lifespan. Soma and Neurite Density Imaging (SANDI), a novel biophysical model of diffusion MRI, provides estimates of cell body (soma) radius and density, and neurite density in gray matter. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to assess the sensitivity of high-gradient diffusion MRI toward age-related alterations in cortical microstructure across the adult lifespan using SANDI. Seventy-two cognitively unimpaired healthy subjects (ages 19-85 years; 40 females) were scanned on the 3T Connectome MRI scanner with a maximum gradient strength of 300mT/m using a multi-shell diffusion MRI protocol incorporating 8 b-values and diffusion time of 19 ms. Intra-soma signal fraction obtained from SANDI model-fitting to the data was strongly correlated with age in all major cortical lobes (r = -0.69 to -0.60, FDR-p < 0.001). Intra-soma signal fraction (r = 0.48-0.63, FDR-p < 0.001) and soma radius (r = 0.28-0.40, FDR-p < 0.04) were significantly correlated with cortical volume in the prefrontal cortex, frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. The strength of the relationship between SANDI metrics and age was greater than or comparable to the relationship between cortical volume and age across the cortical regions, particularly in the occipital lobe and anterior cingulate gyrus. In contrast to the SANDI metrics, all associations between diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging metrics and age were low to moderate. These results suggest that high-gradient diffusion MRI may be more sensitive to underlying substrates of neurodegeneration in the aging brain than DTI and traditional macroscopic measures of neurodegeneration such as cortical volume and thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Lee
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hong-Hsi Lee
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yixin Ma
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laleh Eskandarian
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kyla Gaudet
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiyuan Tian
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eva A Krijnen
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- MS Center Amsterdam, Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew W Russo
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David H Salat
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric C Klawiter
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susie Y Huang
- Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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6
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Zahr NM. Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review. Alcohol Res 2024; 44:03. [PMID: 38812709 PMCID: PMC11135165 DOI: 10.35946/arcr.v44.1.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE By 2040, 21.6% of Americans will be over age 65, and the population of those older than age 85 is estimated to reach 14.4 million. Although not causative, older age is a risk factor for dementia: every 5 years beyond age 65, the risk doubles; approximately one-third of those older than age 85 are diagnosed with dementia. As current alcohol consumption among older adults is significantly higher compared to previous generations, a pressing question is whether drinking alcohol increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. SEARCH METHODS Databases explored included PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. To accomplish this narrative review on the effects of alcohol consumption on dementia risk, the literature covered included clinical diagnoses, epidemiology, neuropsychology, postmortem pathology, neuroimaging and other biomarkers, and translational studies. Searches conducted between January 12 and August 1, 2023, included the following terms and combinations: "aging," "alcoholism," "alcohol use disorder (AUD)," "brain," "CNS," "dementia," "Wernicke," "Korsakoff," "Alzheimer," "vascular," "frontotemporal," "Lewy body," "clinical," "diagnosis," "epidemiology," "pathology," "autopsy," "postmortem," "histology," "cognitive," "motor," "neuropsychological," "magnetic resonance," "imaging," "PET," "ligand," "degeneration," "atrophy," "translational," "rodent," "rat," "mouse," "model," "amyloid," "neurofibrillary tangles," "α-synuclein," or "presenilin." When relevant, "species" (i.e., "humans" or "other animals") was selected as an additional filter. Review articles were avoided when possible. SEARCH RESULTS The two terms "alcoholism" and "aging" retrieved about 1,350 papers; adding phrases-for example, "postmortem" or "magnetic resonance"-limited the number to fewer than 100 papers. Using the traditional term, "alcoholism" with "dementia" resulted in 876 citations, but using the currently accepted term "alcohol use disorder (AUD)" with "dementia" produced only 87 papers. Similarly, whereas the terms "Alzheimer's" and "alcoholism" yielded 318 results, "Alzheimer's" and "alcohol use disorder (AUD)" returned only 40 citations. As pertinent postmortem pathology papers were published in the 1950s and recent animal models of Alzheimer's disease were created in the early 2000s, articles referenced span the years 1957 to 2024. In total, more than 5,000 articles were considered; about 400 are herein referenced. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Chronic alcohol misuse accelerates brain aging and contributes to cognitive impairments, including those in the mnemonic domain. The consensus among studies from multiple disciplines, however, is that alcohol misuse can increase the risk for dementia, but not necessarily Alzheimer's disease. Key issues to consider include the reversibility of brain damage following abstinence from chronic alcohol misuse compared to the degenerative and progressive course of Alzheimer's disease, and the characteristic presence of protein inclusions in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, which are absent in the brains of those with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M Zahr
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
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7
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Ahmed M, Lai AY, Hill ME, Ribeiro JA, Amiraslani A, McLaurin J. Obesity differentially effects the somatosensory cortex and striatum of TgF344-AD rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7235. [PMID: 38538727 PMCID: PMC10973391 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57953-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle choices leading to obesity, hypertension and diabetes in mid-life contribute directly to the risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in late-life or in late-stage AD conditions, obesity reduces the risk of AD and disease progression. To examine the mechanisms underlying this paradox, TgF344-AD rats were fed a varied high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet to induce obesity from nine months of age representing early stages of AD to twelve months of age in which rats exhibit the full spectrum of AD symptomology. We hypothesized regions primarily composed of gray matter, such as the somatosensory cortex (SSC), would be differentially affected compared to regions primarily composed of white matter, such as the striatum. We found increased myelin and oligodendrocytes in the somatosensory cortex of rats fed the HCHF diet with an absence of neuronal loss. We observed decreased inflammation in the somatosensory cortex despite increased AD pathology. Compared to the somatosensory cortex, the striatum had fewer changes. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction between diet and AD progression affects myelination in a brain region specific manner such that regions with a lower density of white matter are preferentially affected. Our results offer a possible mechanistic explanation for the obesity paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhal Ahmed
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aaron Y Lai
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Mary E Hill
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Jessica A Ribeiro
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Ashley Amiraslani
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - JoAnne McLaurin
- Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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8
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Chapman TW, Kamen Y, Piedra ET, Hill RA. Oligodendrocyte Maturation Alters the Cell Death Mechanisms That Cause Demyelination. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1794232024. [PMID: 38395617 PMCID: PMC10977033 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1794-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Myelinating oligodendrocytes die in human disease and early in aging. Despite this, the mechanisms that underly oligodendrocyte death are not resolved and it is also not clear whether these mechanisms change as oligodendrocyte lineage cells are undergoing differentiation and maturation. Here, we used a combination of intravital imaging, single-cell ablation, and cuprizone-mediated demyelination, in both female and male mice, to discover that oligodendrocyte maturation dictates the dynamics and mechanisms of cell death. After single-cell phototoxic damage, oligodendrocyte precursor cells underwent programmed cell death within hours, differentiating oligodendrocytes died over several days, while mature oligodendrocytes took weeks to die. Importantly cells at each maturation stage all eventually died but did so with drastically different temporal dynamics and morphological features. Consistent with this, cuprizone treatment initiated a caspase-3-dependent form of rapid cell death in differentiating oligodendrocytes, while mature oligodendrocytes never activated this executioner caspase. Instead, mature oligodendrocytes exhibited delayed cell death which was marked by DNA damage and disruption in poly-ADP-ribose subcellular localization. Thus, oligodendrocyte maturation plays a key role in determining the mechanism of death a cell undergoes in response to the same insult. This means that oligodendrocyte maturation is important to consider when designing strategies for preventing cell death and preserving myelin while also enhancing the survival of new oligodendrocytes in demyelinating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy W Chapman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Yasmine Kamen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Enrique T Piedra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Robert A Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
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9
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Manrique HM, Read DW, Walker MJ. On some statistical and cerebral aspects of the limits of working memory capacity in anthropoid primates, with particular reference to Pan and Homo, and their significance for human evolution. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 158:105543. [PMID: 38220036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Some comparative ontogenetic data imply that effective working-memory capacity develops in ways that are independent of brain size in humans. These are interpreted better from neuroscientific considerations about the continuing development of neuronal architecture in adolescents and young adults, than from one about gross brain mass which already is reached in childhood. By contrast, working-memory capacity in Pan never develops beyond that of three- or four-year-old children. The phylogenetic divergence begs the question of whether it is any longer plausible to infer from the fossil record, that over the past two million years, an ostensibly gradual increase in endocranial volumes, assigned to the genus Homo, can be correlated in a scientifically-meaningful manner with the gradual evolution of our effective executive working memory. It is argued that whereas Pan's effective working-memory capacity is relatively similar to that of its storage working-memory, our working memory is relatively larger with deeper executive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor M Manrique
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Campus Universitario de Teruel, Ciudad Escolar, s/n. 44003 Teruel, Spain.
| | - Dwight W Read
- Department of Anthropology and Department of Statistics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Michael J Walker
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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10
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Ahmed M, Lai AY, Hill ME, Ribeiro JA, Amiraslani A, McLaurin J. Obesity differentially effects the somatosensory cortex and striatum of TgF344-AD rats. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.22.576454. [PMID: 38545621 PMCID: PMC10970715 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.22.576454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Lifestyle choices leading to obesity, hypertension and diabetes in mid-life contribute directly to the risk of late-life Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, in late-life or in late-stage AD conditions, obesity reduces the risk of AD and disease progression. To examine the mechanisms underlying this paradox, TgF344-AD rats were fed a varied high-carbohydrate, high-fat (HCHF) diet to induce obesity from nine months of age representing early stages of AD to twelve months of age in which rats exhibit the full spectrum of AD symptomology. We hypothesized regions primarily composed of gray matter, such as the somatosensory cortex (SSC), would be differentially affected compared to regions primarily composed of white matter, such as the striatum. We found increased myelin and oligodendrocytes in the somatosensory cortex of rats fed the HCHF diet with an absence of neuronal loss. We observed decreased inflammation in the somatosensory cortex despite increased AD pathology. Compared to the somatosensory cortex, the striatum had fewer changes. Overall, our results suggest that the interaction between diet and AD progression affects myelination in a brain region specific manner such that regions with a lower density of white matter are preferentially effected. Our results offer a possible mechanistic explanation for the obesity paradox.
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11
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Da X, Hempel E, Ou Y, Rowe OE, Malchano Z, Hajós M, Kern R, Megerian JT, Cimenser A. Noninvasive Gamma Sensory Stimulation May Reduce White Matter and Myelin Loss in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:359-372. [PMID: 38073386 PMCID: PMC10789351 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) demonstrate progressive white matter atrophy and myelin loss. Restoring myelin content or preventing demyelination has been suggested as a therapeutic approach for AD. OBJECTIVE Herein, we investigate the effects of non-invasive, combined visual and auditory gamma-sensory stimulation on white matter atrophy and myelin content loss in patients with AD. METHODS In this study, we used the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the OVERTURE study (NCT03556280), a randomized, controlled, clinical trial in which active treatment participants received daily, non-invasive, combined visual and auditory, 40 Hz stimulation for six months. A subset of OVERTURE participants who meet the inclusion criteria for detailed white matter (N = 38) and myelin content (N = 36) assessments are included in the analysis. White matter volume assessments were performed using T1-weighted MRI, and myelin content assessments were performed using T1-weighted/T2-weighted MRI. Treatment effects on white matter atrophy and myelin content loss were assessed. RESULTS Combined visual and auditory gamma-sensory stimulation treatment is associated with reduced total and regional white matter atrophy and myelin content loss in active treatment participants compared to sham treatment participants. Across white matter structures evaluated, the most significant changes were observed in the entorhinal region. CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that combined visual and auditory gamma-sensory stimulation may modulate neuronal network function in AD in part by reducing white matter atrophy and myelin content loss. Furthermore, the entorhinal region MRI outcomes may have significant implications for early disease intervention, considering the crucial afferent connections to the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Da
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Evan Hempel
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yangming Ou
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mihály Hajós
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ralph Kern
- Cognito Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
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Khodanovich M, Svetlik M, Naumova A, Kamaeva D, Usova A, Kudabaeva M, Anan’ina T, Wasserlauf I, Pashkevich V, Moshkina M, Obukhovskaya V, Kataeva N, Levina A, Tumentceva Y, Yarnykh V. Age-Related Decline in Brain Myelination: Quantitative Macromolecular Proton Fraction Mapping, T2-FLAIR Hyperintensity Volume, and Anti-Myelin Antibodies Seven Years Apart. Biomedicines 2023; 12:61. [PMID: 38255168 PMCID: PMC10812983 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related myelination decrease is considered one of the likely mechanisms of cognitive decline. The present preliminary study is based on the longitudinal assessment of global and regional myelination of the normal adult human brain using fast macromolecular fraction (MPF) mapping. Additional markers were age-related changes in white matter (WM) hyperintensities on FLAIR-MRI and the levels of anti-myelin autoantibodies in serum. Eleven healthy subjects (33-60 years in the first study) were scanned twice, seven years apart. An age-related decrease in MPF was found in global WM, grey matter (GM), and mixed WM-GM, as well as in 48 out of 82 examined WM and GM regions. The greatest decrease in MPF was observed for the frontal WM (2-5%), genu of the corpus callosum (CC) (4.0%), and caudate nucleus (5.9%). The age-related decrease in MPF significantly correlated with an increase in the level of antibodies against myelin basic protein (MBP) in serum (r = 0.69 and r = 0.63 for global WM and mixed WM-GM, correspondingly). The volume of FLAIR hyperintensities increased with age but did not correlate with MPF changes and the levels of anti-myelin antibodies. MPF mapping showed high sensitivity to age-related changes in brain myelination, providing the feasibility of this method in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Khodanovich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Mikhail Svetlik
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Anna Naumova
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Daria Kamaeva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia;
| | - Anna Usova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 12/1 Savinykh St., Tomsk 634009, Russia;
| | - Marina Kudabaeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Tatyana Anan’ina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Irina Wasserlauf
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Valentina Pashkevich
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Marina Moshkina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Victoria Obukhovskaya
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Fundamental Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovskiy Trakt, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Kataeva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Siberian State Medical University, 2 Moskovskiy Trakt, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Anastasia Levina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
- Medica Diagnostic and Treatment Center, 86 Sovetskaya st., Tomsk 634510, Russia
| | - Yana Tumentceva
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Research Institute of Biology and Biophysics, Tomsk State University, 36 Lenina Ave., Tomsk 634050, Russia; (M.S.); (A.N.); (M.K.); (T.A.); (I.W.); (N.K.); (A.L.); (Y.T.)
| | - Vasily Yarnykh
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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Obis E, Sol J, Andres-Benito P, Martín-Gari M, Mota-Martorell N, Galo-Licona JD, Piñol-Ripoll G, Portero-Otin M, Ferrer I, Jové M, Pamplona R. Lipidomic Alterations in the Cerebral Cortex and White Matter in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1887-1916. [PMID: 37196109 PMCID: PMC10529741 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-targeted LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic analysis was conducted in post-mortem human grey matter frontal cortex area 8 (GM) and white matter of the frontal lobe centrum semi-ovale (WM) to identify lipidome fingerprints in middle-aged individuals with no neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques, and cases at progressive stages of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Complementary data were obtained using RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that WM presents an adaptive lipid phenotype resistant to lipid peroxidation, characterized by a lower fatty acid unsaturation, peroxidizability index, and higher ether lipid content than the GM. Changes in the lipidomic profile are more marked in the WM than in GM in AD with disease progression. Four functional categories are associated with the different lipid classes affected in sAD: membrane structural composition, bioenergetics, antioxidant protection, and bioactive lipids, with deleterious consequences affecting both neurons and glial cells favoring disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
- Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), Lleida, Spain, Research Support Unit (USR), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP JGol), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Pol Andres-Benito
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain.
- Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), E-08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Meritxell Martín-Gari
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - José Daniel Galo-Licona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Clinical Neuroscience Research, Santa Maria University Hospital, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Madrid, Spain.
- Bellvitge University Hospital-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), E-08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida University (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
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Ning J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Liu C, Cheng Y, Zhu M, Dong M, Yang X, Lv Y. Exploring the cortical habituation in migraine patients based on contingent negative variation. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1226554. [PMID: 37719755 PMCID: PMC10502328 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1226554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive dysfunction has frequently been found in patients with migraine. The so-called contingent negative variation (CNV) and EEG power spectral densities may be the best choices to explore the underlining pathophysiology, such as cortical inhibition and habituation. Methods Thirty migraine patients without aura and healthy controls matched for sex, age, and education were recruited separately for CNV recording. The amplitudes, latencies, and squares of different CNV components, such as oCNV, iCNV, tCNV, and PINV, were selected and analyzed. Behavioral data, such as manual reaction time (RT), were analyzed. We used the Person correlation coefficient R to analyze different ERP components in relation to clinical characteristics. A multiple regression analysis was conducted for the migraine group. Spectral analysis of EEG data from all channels using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). Results The migraine group had longer A-latency, C-latency, and iCNV-latency than the control group. The migraine group had higher iCNV-amplitude, oCNV-amplitude, and tCNV-amplitude than the control group, especially those located in the occipital area. The iCNV-square, oCNV-square, tCNV-square, or PINV-square in the migraine group was significantly larger than the control group. Different correlations were found between clinical characteristics and ERP components. The delta or theta activity in the migraine group was statistically lower than in the control group. Discussion Our study has revealed that migraine attacks may influence responsivity, pre-activation, habituation, and cortical inhibition not only on the behavioral level but also on the electrophysiological level. Abnormal changes in cortical habituation and inhibition can be interpreted as CNV components. Additionally, analyses have revealed correlations between CNV components and various factors, including age, the clinical course of the condition, attack frequency, pain intensity, and duration. Thus, repetitive migraine attacks can lead to a reduction in cortical inhibition and subsequent impairment in executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinru Ning
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center on Aging Psychology, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Computer Science College, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yudan Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Nguyen JN, Chauhan A. Bystanders or not? Microglia and lymphocytes in aging and stroke. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1397-1403. [PMID: 36571333 PMCID: PMC10075112 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As the average age of the world population increases, more people will face debilitating aging-associated conditions, including dementia and stroke. Not only does the incidence of these conditions increase with age, but the recovery afterward is often worse in older patients. Researchers and health professionals must unveil and understand the factors behind age-associated diseases to develop a therapy for older patients. Aging causes profound changes in the immune system including the activation of microglia in the brain. Activated microglia promote T lymphocyte transmigration leading to an increase in neuroinflammation, white matter damage, and cognitive impairment in both older humans and rodents. The presence of T and B lymphocytes is observed in the aged brain and correlates with worse stroke outcomes. Preclinical strategies in stroke target either microglia or the lymphocytes or the communications between them to promote functional recovery in aged subjects. In this review, we examine the role of the microglia and T and B lymphocytes in aging and how they contribute to cognitive impairment. Additionally, we provide an important update on the contribution of these cells and their interactions in preclinical aged stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin N. Nguyen
- University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Gagliardo A, Grippo A, Di Stefano V, Carrai R, Scarpino M, Martini M, Falsini C, Rimmaudo G, Brighina F. Spatial and Temporal Gait Characteristics in Patients Admitted to a Neuro-Rehabilitation Department with Age-Related White Matter Changes: A Gait Analysis and Clinical Study. Neurol Int 2023; 15:708-724. [PMID: 37368328 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint15020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with age-related white matter changes (ARWMC) frequently present a gait disorder, depression and cognitive impairment. Our aims are to define which alterations in the gait parameters are associated with motor or neuro-psychological impairment and to assess the role of motor, mood or cognitive dysfunction in explaining the variance of the gait parameters. METHODS Patients with gait disorders admitted to a Neuro-rehabilitation Department, affected by vascular leukoencephalopathy who had ARWMC confirmed by a brain MRI, were consecutively enrolled, classified by a neuroradiological scale (Fazekas 1987) and compared to healthy controls. We excluded subjects unable to walk independently, subjects with hydrocephalus or severe aphasia, with orthopaedic and other neurological pathologies conditioning the walking pattern. Patients and controls were assessed by clinical and functional scales (Mini Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, Nevitt Motor Performance Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Independence Measure), and computerised gait analysis was performed to assess the spatial and temporal gait parameters in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS We recruited 76 patients (48 males, aged 78.3 ± 6.2 years) and 14 controls (6 males, aged 75.8 ± 5 years). In the multiple regression analysis, the gait parameter with overall best model summary values, associated with the ARWMC severity, was the stride length even after correction for age, sex, weight and height (R2 = 0.327). The motor performances justified at least in part of the gait disorder (R2 change = 0.220), but the mood state accounted independently for gait alterations (R2 change = 0.039). The increase in ARWMC severity, the reduction of motor performance and a depressed mood state were associated with a reduction of stride length (R = 0.766, R2 = 0.587), reduction of gait speed (R2 = 0.573) and an increase in double support time (R2 = 0.421). CONCLUSION The gait disorders in patients with ARWMC are related to motor impairment, but the presence of depression is an independent factor for determining gait alterations and functional status. These data pave the way for longitudinal studies, including gait parameters, to quantitatively assess gait changes after treatment or to monitor the natural progression of the gait disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gagliardo
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 50143 Firenze, Italy
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, "Clinical Course", 90143 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonello Grippo
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 50143 Firenze, Italy
- SODc Neurofisiopatologia, Dipartimento Neuromuscoloscheletrico e degli Organi di Senso, AOU Careggi, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Stefano
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Carrai
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 50143 Firenze, Italy
- SODc Neurofisiopatologia, Dipartimento Neuromuscoloscheletrico e degli Organi di Senso, AOU Careggi, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Maenia Scarpino
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 50143 Firenze, Italy
- SODc Neurofisiopatologia, Dipartimento Neuromuscoloscheletrico e degli Organi di Senso, AOU Careggi, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Monica Martini
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 50143 Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Rimmaudo
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, "Clinical Course", 90143 Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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17
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Schlett JS, Mettang M, Skaf A, Schweizer P, Errerd A, Mulugeta EA, Hein TM, Tsesmelis K, Tsesmelis M, Büttner UFG, Wendt H, Abaei A, Rasche V, Prex V, Nespoli E, Alami NO, Tews D, Walther P, Yilmazer-Hanke D, Oswald F, Dimou L, Wirth T, Baumann B. NF-κB is a critical mediator of post-mitotic senescence in oligodendrocytes and subsequent white matter loss. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:24. [PMID: 37069623 PMCID: PMC10108549 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00616-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammaging represents an accepted concept where the immune system shifts to a low-grade chronic pro-inflammatory state without overt infection upon aging. In the CNS, inflammaging is mainly driven by glia cells and associated with neurodegenerative processes. White matter degeneration (WMD), a well-known process in the aging brain, manifests in myelin loss finally resulting in motor, sensory and cognitive impairments. Oligodendrocytes (OL) are responsible for homeostasis and maintenance of the myelin sheaths, which is a complex and highly energy demanding process sensitizing these cells to metabolic, oxidative and other forms of stress. Yet, the immediate impact of chronic inflammatory stress like inflammaging on OL homeostasis, myelin maintenance and WMD remains open. METHODS To functionally analyze the role of IKK/NF-κB signaling in the regulation of myelin homeostasis and maintenance in the adult CNS, we established a conditional mouse model allowing NF-κB activation in mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. IKK2-CAPLP-CreERT2 mice were characterized by biochemical, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and behavioral analyses. Transcriptome data from isolated, primary OLs and microglia cells were explored by in silico pathway analysis and validated by complementary molecular approaches. RESULTS Chronic NF-κB activation in mature OLs leads to aggravated neuroinflammatory conditions phenocopying brain inflammaging. As a consequence, IKK2-CAPLP-CreERT2 mice showed specific neurological deficits and impaired motoric learning. Upon aging, persistent NF-κB signaling promotes WMD in these mice as ultrastructural analysis revealed myelination deficits in the corpus callosum accompanied by impaired myelin protein expression. RNA-Seq analysis of primary oligodendrocytes and microglia cells uncovers gene expression signatures associated with activated stress responses and increased post mitotic cellular senescence (PoMiCS) which was confirmed by elevated senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and SASP gene expression profile. We identified an elevated integrated stress response (ISR) characterized by phosphorylation of eIF2α as a relevant molecular mechanism which is able to affect translation of myelin proteins. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate an essential role of IKK/NF-κB signaling in mature, post-mitotic OLs in regulating stress-induced senescence in these cells. Moreover, our study identifies PoMICS as an important driving force of age-dependent WMD as well as of traumatic brain injury induced myelin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Stefanie Schlett
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Melanie Mettang
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Aladdin Skaf
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Pavel Schweizer
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alina Errerd
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Tabea Melissa Hein
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Tsesmelis
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Miltiadis Tsesmelis
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrike F G Büttner
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Heinrich Wendt
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alireza Abaei
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging (CF-SANI), Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Volker Rasche
- Core Facility Small Animal Imaging (CF-SANI), Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Vivien Prex
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ester Nespoli
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Najwa Ouali Alami
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Tews
- Core Facility Extracellular Flux Analyzer, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Deniz Yilmazer-Hanke
- Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Ulm University, Helmholtzstraße 8/1, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Franz Oswald
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Center for Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Leda Dimou
- Molecular and Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Wirth
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernd Baumann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert- Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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18
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Chaudhari UK, Hansen BC. Low serum creatinine, a surrogate marker of muscle mass, correlates with insulin sensitivity in nonhuman primates. J Med Primatol 2023; 52:100-107. [PMID: 36656041 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Decreased serum creatinine levels are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in humans, however, its association with muscle mass and insulin sensitivity have not been studied in NHPs. METHODS Retrospective data of 229 adult NHPs were studied for association of serum creatinine levels with muscle mass and onset of T2DM. RESULTS Serum creatinine levels were positively correlated with lean muscle mass in nondiabetic (non-DM), male and female NHPs. Aged NHPs had significantly reduced lean muscle mass and corresponding creatinine levels compared to young age groups (p < .001). Creatinine was positively correlated with insulin sensitivity in nonDM male NHPs and significant decrease in creatinine was observed in T2DM (p < .001) compared to same age group nonDM NHPs. CONCLUSIONS The pathophysiology of T2DM in NHPs is similar to humans, low creatinine further provides utility of surrogate biomarkers of lower muscle mass and risk factor for T2DM NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddhav K Chaudhari
- Department of Cell Physiology and Pathology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Child Health, Mumbai, India.,Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Barbara C Hansen
- Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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19
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Dimovasili C, Fair AE, Garza IR, Batterman KV, Mortazavi F, Moore TL, Rosene DL. Aging compromises oligodendrocyte precursor cell maturation and efficient remyelination in the monkey brain. GeroScience 2023; 45:249-264. [PMID: 35930094 PMCID: PMC9886778 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated cognitive decline is common among otherwise healthy elderly people, even in the absence of Alzheimer's disease and neuron loss. Instead, white matter loss and myelin damage are strongly associated with cognitive decline. Myelin is subject to lifelong oxidative stress that damages the myelin sheath, which is repaired by cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage. This process is mediated by oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that sense the damage and respond by proliferating locally and migrating to the region, where they differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. In aging, extensive myelin damage, in combination with inefficient remyelination, leads to chronically damaged myelin and loss of efficient neuronal conduction. This study used the rhesus monkey model of normal aging to examine how myelin regeneration capacity is affected by age. Results show that older subjects have reduced numbers of new BCAS1 + myelinating oligodendrocytes, which are newly formed cells, and that this reduction is associated with poorer cognitive performance. Interestingly, this does not result from limited proliferation of progenitor OPCs. Instead, the transcription factor NKX2.2, which regulates OPCs differentiation, is significantly decreased in aged OPCs. This suggests that these OPCs have a diminished potential for differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes. In addition, mature oligodendrocytes have reduced RNA expression of two essential myelin protein markers, MBP and PLP. These data collectively suggest that in the normal aging brain, there is a reduction in regenerative OPCs as well as myelin production that impairs the capacity for remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dimovasili
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Ashley E Fair
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabella R Garza
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katelyn V Batterman
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Farzad Mortazavi
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tara L Moore
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Lee JY, Harney D, Kwok J, Larance M, Don AS. The major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects TMEM106B protein levels and myelin lipid homeostasis in the ageing human hippocampus. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2392941. [PMID: 36711721 PMCID: PMC9882607 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2392941/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background The risk for dementia increases exponentially from the seventh decade of life. Identifying and understanding the biochemical changes that sensitize the ageing brain to neurodegeneration will provide new opportunities for dementia prevention and treatment. This study aimed to determine how ageing and major genetic risk factors for dementia affect the hippocampal proteome and lipidome of neurologically-normal humans over the age of 65. The hippocampus was chosen as it is highly susceptible to atrophy with ageing and in several neurodegenerative diseases. Methods Mass spectrometry-based proteomic and lipidomic analysis of CA1 hippocampus samples from 74 neurologically normal human donors, aged 66-104, was used in combination with multiple regression models and gene set enrichment analysis to identify age-dependent changes in the proteome and lipidome. ANOVA was used to test the effect of major dementia risk alleles in the TMEM106B and APOE genes on the hippocampal proteome and lipidome, adjusting for age, gender, and post-mortem interval. Results Forty proteins were associated with age at false discovery rate-corrected P < 0.05, including proteins that regulate cell adhesion, the cytoskeleton, amino acid and lipid metabolism, and ribosomal subunits. Transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B), a regulator of lysosomal and oligodendrocyte function, was regulated with greatest effect size. The increase in TMEM106B levels with age was specific to carriers of the rs1990622-A allele in the TMEM106B gene that is associated with increased risk for frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and hippocampal sclerosis with ageing. Hippocampal lipids were not significantly affected by APOE genotype, however levels of myelin-enriched sulfatides and hexosylceramides were significantly lower, and polyunsaturated phospholipids were higher, in rs1990622-A carriers after controlling for APOE genotype. Conclusions Our study provides the first evidence that TMEM106B protein abundance is increased with brain ageing in humans, and the first evidence that the major TMEM106B dementia risk allele affects brain lipid homeostasis, with a clear effect on myelin lipid content. Our data implies that TMEM106B is one of a growing list of major dementia risk genes that affect glial lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yup Lee
- The University of Sydney SMS: The University of Sydney School of Medical Sciences
| | | | - John Kwok
- The University of Sydney SMS: The University of Sydney School of Medical Sciences
| | - Mark Larance
- The University of Sydney SMS: The University of Sydney School of Medical Sciences
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21
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Zhang X, An H, Chen Y, Shu N. Neurobiological Mechanisms of Cognitive Decline Correlated with Brain Aging. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1419:127-146. [PMID: 37418211 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-1627-6_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive decline has emerged as one of the greatest health threats of old age. Meanwhile, aging is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. Developing therapeutic interventions for such conditions demands a greater understanding of the processes underlying normal and pathological brain aging. Despite playing an important role in the pathogenesis and incidence of disease, brain aging has not been well understood at a molecular level. Recent advances in the biology of aging in model organisms, together with molecular- and systems-level studies of the brain, are beginning to shed light on these mechanisms and their potential roles in cognitive decline. This chapter seeks to integrate the knowledge about the neurological mechanisms of age-related cognitive changes that underlie aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative (BABRI) Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiting An
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative (BABRI) Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Aging Brain Rejuvenation Initiative (BABRI) Centre, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ni Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Sattgast LH, Branscum AJ, Newman N, Gonzales SW, Benton ML, Baker EJ, Grant KA, Turner RT, Iwaniec UT. Ethanol alters the relationship between IGF-1 and bone turnover in male macaques. J Endocrinol 2022; 255:131-141. [PMID: 36194528 PMCID: PMC9651018 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) influences bone turnover. Transient decreases in IGF-I levels and/or bioavailability may contribute to the detrimental effects of alcohol on bone. The goals of this non-human primate study were to i) evaluate the 20-h response of bone turnover markers to ethanol consumption and ii) assess how ethanol consumption influences the relationship between IGF-1 and these markers. Osteocalcin (bone formation), carboxyterminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX, bone resorption), IGF-1, and IGF binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) were measured in plasma from male rhesus macaques (N = 10, 8.4 ± 0.3 years) obtained at 12:00, 16:00, and 06:00 h during two phases: pre-ethanol (alcohol-naïve) and ethanol access. During the ethanol access phase, monkeys consumed 1.5 g/kg/day ethanol (4% w/v) beginning at 10:00 h. Osteocalcin and CTX were lower, and the ratio of osteocalcin to CTX was higher at each time point during ethanol access compared to the pre-ethanol phase. Pre-ethanol marker levels did not vary across time points, but markers varied during ethanol access. IGF-1 levels, but not IGFBP-1 levels, varied during the pre-ethanol phase. In contrast, IGF-1 levels were stable during ethanol access but IGFBP-1 levels varied. There were positive relationships between IGF-1 and turnover markers during the pre-ethanol phase, but not during ethanol access. In conclusion, chronic ethanol consumption reduces levels of bone turnover markers and blocks the normal positive relationship between IGF-1 and turnover markers and alters the normal relationship between IGF-1 and IGFBP-1. These findings support the hypothesis that chronic alcohol consumption leads to growth hormone/IGF-1 resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara H. Sattgast
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Adam J. Branscum
- Biostatistics Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Natali Newman
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Steven W. Gonzales
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | - Erich J. Baker
- Department of Computer Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Grant
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Russell T. Turner
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Urszula T. Iwaniec
- Skeletal Biology Laboratory, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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23
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Sinclair SH, Miller E, Talekar KS, Schwartz SS. Diabetes mellitus associated neurovascular lesions in the retina and brain: A review. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 2:1012804. [PMID: 38983558 PMCID: PMC11182219 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2022.1012804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is now recognized as a system-wide, autoimmune, inflammatory, microvascular disorder, which, in the retina and brain results in severe multifocal injury now recognized as a leading cause, world-wide, of progressive vision loss and dementia. To address this problem, resulting primarily from variations in glycemia in the prediabetic and overt diabetic states, it must be realized that, although some of the injury processes associated with diabetes may be system wide, there are varying responses, effector, and repair mechanisms that differ from organ to organ or within varying cell structures. Specifically, within the retina, and similarly within the brain cortex, lesions occur of the "neurovascular unit", comprised of focal microvascular occlusions, inflammatory endothelial and pericyte injury, with small vessel leakage resulting in injury to astrocytes, Müller cells, and microglia, all of which occur with progressive neuronal apoptosis. Such lesions are now recognized to occur before the first microaneurysms are visible to imaging by fundus cameras or before they result in detectable symptoms or signs recognizable to the patient or clinician. Treatments, therefore, which currently are not initiated within the retina until edema develops or there is progression of vascular lesions that define the current staging of retinopathy, and in the brain only after severe signs of cognitive failure. Treatments, therefore are applied relatively late with some reduction in progressive cellular injury but with resultant minimal vision or cognitive improvement. This review article will summarize the multiple inflammatory and remediation processes currently understood to occur in patients with diabetes as well as pre-diabetes and summarize as well the current limitations of methods for assessing the structural and functional alterations within the retina and brain. The goal is to attempt to define future screening, monitoring, and treatment directions that hopefully will prevent progressive injury as well as enable improved repair and attendant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen H Sinclair
- Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Salus University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elan Miller
- Division of Vascular Neurology, Vickie & Jack Farber Institute for Institute for Neuroscience, Sidney Kimmel Medical College (SKMC) Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kiran S Talekar
- Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology and ENT Radiology, Clinical Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and The Jefferson Integrated Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center (JIMRIC) Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stanley S Schwartz
- Department of Endocrinology and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Main Line Health System, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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24
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Gonzales MM, Garbarino VR, Pollet E, Palavicini JP, Kellogg DL, Kraig E, Orr ME. Biological aging processes underlying cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e158453. [PMID: 35575089 PMCID: PMC9106343 DOI: 10.1172/jci158453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are among the top contributors to disability and mortality in later life. As with many chronic conditions, aging is the single most influential factor in the development of ADRD. Even among older adults who remain free of dementia throughout their lives, cognitive decline and neurodegenerative changes are appreciable with advancing age, suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. In this Review, we provide an overview of changes in cognition, brain morphology, and neuropathological protein accumulation across the lifespan in humans, with complementary and mechanistic evidence from animal models. Next, we highlight selected aging processes that are differentially regulated in neurodegenerative disease, including aberrant autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, epigenetic changes, cerebrovascular dysfunction, inflammation, and lipid dysregulation. We summarize research across clinical and translational studies to link biological aging processes to underlying ADRD pathogenesis. Targeting fundamental processes underlying biological aging may represent a yet relatively unexplored avenue to attenuate both age-related cognitive decline and ADRD. Collaboration across the fields of geroscience and neuroscience, coupled with the development of new translational animal models that more closely align with human disease processes, is necessary to advance novel therapeutic discovery in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi M. Gonzales
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Department of Neurology
| | | | - Erin Pollet
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases
| | - Juan P. Palavicini
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, and
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Dean L. Kellogg
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, and
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Geriatric Research and Education Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ellen Kraig
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, and
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Miranda E. Orr
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
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25
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Jitsuishi T, Yamaguchi A. Searching for optimal machine learning model to classify mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes using multimodal MRI data. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4284. [PMID: 35277565 PMCID: PMC8917197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The intervention at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is promising for preventing Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to search for the optimal machine learning (ML) model to classify early and late MCI (EMCI and LMCI) subtypes using multimodal MRI data. First, the tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analyses showed LMCI-related white matter changes in the Corpus Callosum. The ROI-based tractography addressed the connected cortical areas by affected callosal fibers. We then prepared two feature subsets for ML by measuring resting-state functional connectivity (TBSS-RSFC method) and graph theory metrics (TBSS-Graph method) in these cortical areas, respectively. We also prepared feature subsets of diffusion parameters in the regions of LMCI-related white matter alterations detected by TBSS analyses. Using these feature subsets, we trained and tested multiple ML models for EMCI/LMCI classification with cross-validation. Our results showed the ensemble ML model (AdaBoost) with feature subset of diffusion parameters achieved better performance of mean accuracy 70%. The useful brain regions for classification were those, including frontal, parietal lobe, Corpus Callosum, cingulate regions, insula, and thalamus regions. Our findings indicated the optimal ML model using diffusion parameters might be effective to distinguish LMCI from EMCI subjects at the prodromal stage of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Jitsuishi
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamaguchi
- Department of Functional Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
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26
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Comparison of the Effects of Cuprizone on Demyelination in the Corpus Callosum and Hippocampal Progenitors in Young Adult and Aged Mice. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1073-1082. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03506-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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27
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Zhang X, Huang N, Xiao L, Wang F, Li T. Replenishing the Aged Brains: Targeting Oligodendrocytes and Myelination? Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:760200. [PMID: 34899272 PMCID: PMC8656359 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.760200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging affects almost all the aspects of brain functions, but the mechanisms remain largely undefined. Increasing number of literatures have manifested the important role of glial cells in regulating the aging process. Oligodendroglial lineage cell is a major type of glia in central nervous system (CNS), composed of mature oligodendrocytes (OLs), and oligodendroglia precursor cells (OPCs). OLs produce myelin sheaths that insulate axons and provide metabolic support to meet the energy demand. OPCs maintain the population throughout lifetime with the abilities to proliferate and differentiate into OLs. Increasing evidence has shown that oligodendroglial cells display active dynamics in adult and aging CNS, which is extensively involved in age-related brain function decline in the elderly. In this review, we summarized present knowledge about dynamic changes of oligodendroglial lineage cells during normal aging and discussed their potential roles in age-related functional decline. Especially, focused on declined myelinogenesis during aging and underlying mechanisms. Clarifying those oligodendroglial changes and their effects on neurofunctional decline may provide new insights in understanding aging associated brain function declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Nanxin Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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28
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Mun J, Jung J, Park C. Effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on the cerebral white matter: a meta‑analysis. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021; 81:295-306. [PMID: 34672300 DOI: 10.21307/ane-2021-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) in aging is known to induce aging‑related cerebral deteriorations, such as neuronal degeneration, white matter (WM) alterations, and vascular deformations. However, the effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on WM alterations remain unclear. This study investigates the relationship between cerebral hypoperfusion and WM total volume changes by assessing the trends in CBF and WM changes by meta‑analysis. In this meta‑analysis, the differences in CBF were compared according to cerebral hypoperfusion type and the effect of cerebral hypoperfusion on the total volume of WM changes in rodents. Using subgroup analysis, 13 studies were evaluated for comparing CBF according to the type of cerebral hypoperfusion; 12 studies were evaluated for comparing the effects of cerebral hypoperfusion on the total volume of WM changes. Our meta‑analysis shows that the total volume of WM decreases with a decrease in CBF. However, the reduction in\r\nthe total volume of WM was greater in normal aging mice than in the cerebral hypoperfusion model mice. These results suggest that the reduction of cerebral WM volume during the aging process is affected by other factors in addition to a decrease in CBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyeon Mun
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyang Jung
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;
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29
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Garcia-Venzor A, Toiber D. SIRT6 Through the Brain Evolution, Development, and Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:747989. [PMID: 34720996 PMCID: PMC8548377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.747989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During an organism's lifespan, two main phenomena are critical for the organism's survival. These are (1) a proper embryonic development, which permits the new organism to function with high fitness, grow and reproduce, and (2) the aging process, which will progressively undermine its competence and fitness for survival, leading to its death. Interestingly these processes present various similarities at the molecular level. Notably, as organisms became more complex, regulation of these processes became coordinated by the brain, and failure in brain activity is detrimental in both development and aging. One of the critical processes regulating brain health is the capacity to keep its genomic integrity and epigenetic regulation-deficiency in DNA repair results in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. As the brain becomes more complex, this effect becomes more evident. In this perspective, we will analyze how the brain evolved and became critical for human survival and the role Sirt6 plays in brain health. Sirt6 belongs to the Sirtuin family of histone deacetylases that control several cellular processes; among them, Sirt6 has been associated with the proper embryonic development and is associated with the aging process. In humans, Sirt6 has a pivotal role during brain aging, and its loss of function is correlated with the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, Sirt6 roles during brain development and aging, especially the last one, are not observed in all species. It appears that during the brain organ evolution, Sirt6 has gained more relevance as the brain becomes bigger and more complex, observing the most detrimental effect in the brains of Homo sapiens. In this perspective, we part from the evolution of the brain in metazoans, the biological similarities between brain development and aging, and the relevant functions of Sirt6 in these similar phenomena to conclude with the evidence suggesting a more relevant role of Sirt6 gained in the brain evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Garcia-Venzor
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Debra Toiber
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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30
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Zimmerman B, Rypma B, Gratton G, Fabiani M. Age-related changes in cerebrovascular health and their effects on neural function and cognition: A comprehensive review. Psychophysiology 2021; 58:e13796. [PMID: 33728712 PMCID: PMC8244108 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The process of aging includes changes in cellular biology that affect local interactions between cells and their environments and eventually propagate to systemic levels. In the brain, where neurons critically depend on an efficient and dynamic supply of oxygen and glucose, age-related changes in the complex interaction between the brain parenchyma and the cerebrovasculature have effects on health and functioning that negatively impact cognition and play a role in pathology. Thus, cerebrovascular health is considered one of the main mechanisms by which a healthy lifestyle, such as habitual cardiorespiratory exercise and a healthful diet, could lead to improved cognitive outcomes with aging. This review aims at detailing how the physiology of the cerebral vascular system changes with age and how these changes lead to differential trajectories of cognitive maintenance or decline. This provides a framework for generating specific mechanistic hypotheses about the efficacy of proposed interventions and lifestyle covariates that contribute to enhanced cognitive well-being. Finally, we discuss the methodological implications of age-related changes in the cerebral vasculature for human cognitive neuroscience research and propose directions for future experiments aimed at investigating age-related changes in the relationship between physiology and cognitive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Zimmerman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bart Rypma
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gabriele Gratton
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Monica Fabiani
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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31
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Wong PC, Quan ML. Improved efficacy/safety profile of factor XIa inhibitor BMS-724296 versus factor Xa inhibitor apixaban and thrombin inhibitor dabigatran in cynomolgus monkeys. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:e12524. [PMID: 34095733 PMCID: PMC8162232 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhibition of activated factor XI (FXIa) is a promising antithrombotic drug target. BMS-724296 is a selective, reversible, small-molecule inhibitor of human FXIa (Ki 0.3 nM). Objectives This study assessed effects of BMS-724296 versus standard-of-care oral anticoagulants apixaban (activated factor X inhibitor) and dabigatran (thrombin inhibitor) on arterial thrombosis, kidney bleeding time (KBT), and clotting time (CT) in nonhuman primate (NHP) cynomolgus monkey models. Methods Carotid artery thrombosis was produced by electrical stimulation in anesthetized NHPs. Hemostasis was assessed with a provoked KBT model. Thrombosis, KBT, and CT were monitored. Vehicle and various doses of BMS-724296, apixaban, and dabigatran were administered as bolus (intravenous [i.v.]) followed by infusion starting 30 minutes before initiation of thrombosis and continued until the experiment's end (n = 3-8/group). Primary end points included thrombus weight reduction (TWR), KBT, and CT (activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT], prothrombin time [PT], and thrombin time [TT]). Results BMS-724296 at 0.025 + 0.05, 0.05 + 0.1, 0.102 + 0.2, and 0.4 + 0.8 mg/kg+mg/kg/h i.v. (bolus + infusion) reduced thrombus weight by 0 ± 0, 35 ± 7*, 72 ± 4*, and 86 ± 4%*, respectively (*P < .05 vs vehicle; n = 5-6/group). BMS-724296 at the highest dose (0.4 + 0.8 mg/kg+mg/kg/h) did not increase KBT compared to vehicle (109 ± 6 vs 113 ± 20 seconds, respectively) and increased ex vivo aPTT by 2.9 ± 0.1-fold without changing PT and TT. In companion NHP studies, high doses of apixaban and dabigatran produced similar TWR as BMS-724296, but increased KBT 4.3 ± 0.5-fold and 5.8 ± 0.5-fold, respectively (n = 3-4/group). Conclusions BMS-724296 produced similar antithrombotic efficacy as apixaban and dabigatran but with no increase in KBT in NHPs. These findings suggest that FXIa inhibitors may provide safe and effective antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pancras C Wong
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Drug Discovery Biology Bristol Myers Squibb Princeton NJ USA
| | - Mimi L Quan
- Cardiovascular & Fibrosis Drug Discovery Biology Bristol Myers Squibb Princeton NJ USA
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32
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Teo W, Caprariello AV, Morgan ML, Luchicchi A, Schenk GJ, Joseph JT, Geurts JJG, Stys PK. Nile Red fluorescence spectroscopy reports early physicochemical changes in myelin with high sensitivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2016897118. [PMID: 33593907 PMCID: PMC7923366 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016897118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular composition of myelin membranes determines their structure and function. Even minute changes to the biochemical balance can have profound consequences for axonal conduction and the synchronicity of neural networks. Hypothesizing that the earliest indication of myelin injury involves changes in the composition and/or polarity of its constituent lipids, we developed a sensitive spectroscopic technique for defining the chemical polarity of myelin lipids in fixed frozen tissue sections from rodent and human. The method uses a simple staining procedure involving the lipophilic dye Nile Red, whose fluorescence spectrum varies according to the chemical polarity of the microenvironment into which the dye embeds. Nile Red spectroscopy identified histologically intact yet biochemically altered myelin in prelesioned tissues, including mouse white matter following subdemyelinating cuprizone intoxication, as well as normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis brain. Nile Red spectroscopy offers a relatively simple yet highly sensitive technique for detecting subtle myelin changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulin Teo
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Andrew V Caprariello
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Megan L Morgan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Antonio Luchicchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert J Schenk
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey T Joseph
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jeroen J G Geurts
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Neuroscience, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter K Stys
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
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Batterman KV, Cabrera PE, Moore TL, Rosene DL. T Cells Actively Infiltrate the White Matter of the Aging Monkey Brain in Relation to Increased Microglial Reactivity and Cognitive Decline. Front Immunol 2021; 12:607691. [PMID: 33664743 PMCID: PMC7920950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.607691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal aging is characterized by declines in processing speed, learning, memory, and executive function even in the absence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). In normal aging monkeys and humans, neuronal loss does not account for cognitive impairment. Instead, loss of white matter volume and an accumulation of myelin sheath pathology begins in middle age and is associated with cognitive decline. It is unknown what causes this myelin pathology, but it likely involves increased neuroinflammation in white matter and failures in oligodendrocyte function (maturation and repair). In frontal white matter tracts vulnerable to myelin damage, microglia become chronically reactive and secrete harmful pro-inflammatory cytokines. Despite being in a phagocytic state, these microglia are ineffective at phagocytosing accruing myelin debris, which directly inhibits myelin sheath repair. Here, we asked whether reported age-related increases in pro-inflammatory markers were accompanied by an adaptive immune response involving T cells. We quantified T cells with immunohistochemistry in the brains of 34 cognitively characterized monkeys and found an age-related increase in perivascular T cells that surround CNS vasculature. We found a surprising age-related increase in T cells that infiltrate the white matter parenchyma. In the cingulum bundle the percentage of these parenchymal T cells increased with age relative to those in the perivascular space. In contrast, infiltrating T cells were rarely found in surrounding gray matter regions. We assessed whether T cell infiltration correlated with fibrinogen extravasation from the vasculature as a measure of BBB leakiness and found no correlation, suggesting that T cell infiltration is not a result of passive extravasation. Importantly, the density of T cells in the cingulum bundle correlated with microglial reactivity and with cognitive impairment. This is the first demonstration that T cell infiltration of white matter is associated with cognitive decline in the normal aging monkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn V Batterman
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Payton E Cabrera
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tara L Moore
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Laboratory of Interventions for Cortical Injury and Cognitive Decline, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Douglas L Rosene
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurobiology, Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.,Center for Systems Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
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34
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Toth L, Czigler A, Horvath P, Kornyei B, Szarka N, Schwarcz A, Ungvari Z, Buki A, Toth P. Traumatic brain injury-induced cerebral microbleeds in the elderly. GeroScience 2021; 43:125-136. [PMID: 33011936 PMCID: PMC8050119 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was shown to lead to the development of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), which are associated with long term cognitive decline and gait disturbances in patients. The elderly is one of the most vulnerable parts of the population to suffer TBI. Importantly, ageing is known to exacerbate microvascular fragility and to promote the formation of CMBs. In this overview, the effect of ageing is discussed on the development and characteristics of TBI-related CMBs, with special emphasis on CMBs associated with mild TBI. Four cases of TBI-related CMBs are described to illustrate the concept that ageing exacerbates the deleterious microvascular effects of TBI and that similar brain trauma may induce more CMBs in old patients than in young ones. Recommendations are made for future prospective studies to establish the mechanistic effects of ageing on the formation of CMBs after TBI, and to determine long-term consequences of CMBs on clinically relevant outcome measures including cognitive performance, gait and balance function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Toth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Medical School, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Andras Czigler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Medical School, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Peter Horvath
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Medical School, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Balint Kornyei
- Department of Radiology, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Szarka
- Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Attila Schwarcz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Medical School, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Ungvari
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Buki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Medical School, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Peter Toth
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pecs, Medical School, 2 Ret Street, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.
- Institute for Translational Medicine, University of Pecs, Medical School, Pecs, Hungary.
- Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.
- MTA-PTE Clinical Neuroscience MR Research Group, Pecs, Hungary.
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35
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Vitek MP, Araujo JA, Fossel M, Greenberg BD, Howell GR, Rizzo SJS, Seyfried NT, Tenner AJ, Territo PR, Windisch M, Bain LJ, Ross A, Carrillo MC, Lamb BT, Edelmayer RM. Translational animal models for Alzheimer's disease: An Alzheimer's Association Business Consortium Think Tank. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 6:e12114. [PMID: 33457489 PMCID: PMC7798310 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over 5 million Americans and 50 million individuals worldwide are living with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The progressive dementia associated with AD currently has no cure. Although clinical trials in patients are ultimately required to find safe and effective drugs, animal models of AD permit the integration of brain pathologies with learning and memory deficits that are the first step in developing these new drugs. The purpose of the Alzheimer's Association Business Consortium Think Tank meeting was to address the unmet need to improve the discovery and successful development of Alzheimer's therapies. We hypothesize that positive responses to new therapies observed in validated models of AD will provide predictive evidence for positive responses to these same therapies in AD patients. To achieve this goal, we convened a meeting of experts to explore the current state of AD animal models, identify knowledge gaps, and recommend actions for development of next-generation models with better predictability. Among our findings, we all recognize that models reflecting only single aspects of AD pathogenesis do not mimic AD. Models or combinations of new models are needed that incorporate genetics with environmental interactions, timing of disease development, heterogeneous mechanisms and pathways, comorbidities, and other pathologies that lead to AD and related dementias. Selection of the best models requires us to address the following: (1) which animal species, strains, and genetic backgrounds are most appropriate; (2) which models permit efficient use throughout the drug development pipeline; (3) the translatability of behavioral-cognitive assays from animals to patients; and (4) how to match potential AD therapeutics with particular models. Best practice guidelines to improve reproducibility also need to be developed for consistent use of these models in different research settings. To enhance translational predictability, we discuss a multi-model evaluation strategy to de-risk the successful transition of pre-clinical drug assets to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicholas T. Seyfried
- Departments of Biochemistry and NeurologyEmory School of MedicineAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Andrea J. Tenner
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Lisa J. Bain
- Independent Science and Medical WriterElversonPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - April Ross
- Former Alzheimer's Association EmployeeChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Bruce T. Lamb
- Indiana University School of MedicineStark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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36
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Li C, Wang Y, Yan XL, Guo ZN, Yang Y. Pathological changes in neurovascular units: Lessons from cases of vascular dementia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:17-25. [PMID: 33423390 PMCID: PMC7804924 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) is the second leading cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD). The decrease of cerebral blood flow (CBF) to different degrees is one of the main causes of VD. Neurovascular unit (NVU) is a vessel‐centered concept, emphasizing all the cellular components play an integrated role in maintaining the normal physiological functions of the brain. More and more evidence shows that reduced CBF causes a series of changes in NVU, such as impaired neuronal function, abnormal activation of glial cells, and changes in vascular permeability, all of which collectively play a role in the pathogenesis of VD. In this paper, we review NVU changes as CBF decreases, focusing on each cellular component of NVU. We also highlight remote ischemic preconditioning as a promising approach for VD prevention and treatment from the NVU perspective of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Xiu-Li Yan
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen-Ni Guo
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China
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37
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Blanke N, Go V, Rosene DL, Bigio IJ. Quantitative birefringence microscopy for imaging the structural integrity of CNS myelin following circumscribed cortical injury in the rhesus monkey. NEUROPHOTONICS 2021; 8:015010. [PMID: 33763502 PMCID: PMC7984970 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.8.1.015010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Myelin breakdown is likely a key factor in the loss of cognitive and motor function associated with many neurodegenerative diseases. Aim: New methods for imaging myelin structure are needed to characterize and quantify the degradation of myelin in standard whole-brain sections of nonhuman primates and in human brain. Approach: Quantitative birefringence microscopy (qBRM) is a label-free technique for rapid histopathological assessment of myelin structural breakdown following cortical injury in rhesus monkeys. Results: We validate birefringence microscopy for structural imaging of myelin in rhesus monkey brain sections, and we demonstrate the power of qBRM by characterizing the breakdown of myelin following cortical injury, as a model of stroke, in the motor cortex. Conclusions: Birefringence microscopy is a valuable tool for histopathology of myelin and for quantitative assessment of myelin structure. Compared to conventional methods, this label-free technique is sensitive to subtle changes in myelin structure, is fast, and enables more quantitative assessment, without the variability inherent in labeling procedures such as immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Blanke
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Veronica Go
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Douglas L. Rosene
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Irving J. Bigio
- Boston University, Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Boston University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Address all correspondence to Irving J. Bigio,
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38
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Zhang J, Sun P, Zhou C, Zhang X, Ma F, Xu Y, Hamblin MH, Yin K. Regulatory microRNAs and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:1207-1218. [PMID: 33459504 PMCID: PMC7702235 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is defined as a progressive dementia disease related to cerebrovascular injury and often occurs in aged populations. Despite decades of research, effective treatment for VCID is still absent. The pathological processes of VCID are mediated by the molecular mechanisms that are partly modulated at the post-transcriptional level. As small endogenous non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRs) can regulate target gene expression through post-transcriptional gene silencing. miRs have been reported to play an important role in the pathology of VCID and have recently been suggested as potential novel pharmacological targets for the development of new diagnosis and treatment strategies in VCID. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of VCID, the possible role of miRs in the regulation of VCID and attempt to envision future therapeutic strategies. Since manipulation of miR levels by either pharmacological or genetic approaches has shown therapeutic effects in experimental VCID models, we also emphasize the potential therapeutic value of miRs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Xuejing Zhang
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Feifei Ma
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
| | - Milton H. Hamblin
- Department of PharmacologyTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLAUSA
| | - Ke‐Jie Yin
- Department of NeurologyPittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & RecoveryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPAUSA
- Geriatric ResearchEducation and Clinical CenterVeterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare SystemPittsburghPAUSA
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Houlton J, Barwick D, Clarkson AN. Frontal cortex stroke-induced impairment in spatial working memory on the trial-unique nonmatching-to-location task in mice. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2020; 177:107355. [PMID: 33276070 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stroke-induced cognitive impairments are of significant concern, however mechanisms that underpin these impairments remain poorly understood and researched. To further characterise cognitive impairments in our frontal cortex stroke model, and to align our assessments with what is used clinically, we tested young C57BL/6J mice trained in operant touchscreen chambers to complete the trial-unique nonmatched-to-location (TUNL) task. Based on baseline performance, animals were given either stroke (n = 12) or sham (n = 12) surgery using a photothrombosis model, bilaterally targeting the frontal cortex. Upon recovery, post-stroke spatial working memory was assessed by varying the degree of separation and delay within TUNL trials. Seven weeks after surgery, animals received a prelimbic injection of the retrograde tracer cholera toxin B (CTB) to access thalamo-PFC connectivity. Tissue was then processed histologically and immunohistochemically to assess infarct volume, astrogliosis and thalamocortical connectivity. Assessment of TUNL probes revealed sensitivity to a frontal cortex stroke (separation: p = 0.0003, delay: p < 0.0001), with stroke animals taking significantly longer (p = 0.0170) during reacquisition of the TUNL task, relative to shams. CTB-positive cell counts revealed a stroke-induced loss of thalamo-PFC connectivity. In addition, quantification of reactive astrogliosis revealed a positive correlation between the degree of astrogliosis expanding into white matter tracts and the development of cognitive impairments. This study reveals a stroke-induced impairment in mice completing the TUNL task. Our findings also demonstrate a significant loss of thalamo-PFC connections and a correlation between white matter reactive astrogliosis and cognitive impairment. Future experiments will investigate therapeutic interventions in the hope of promoting functional improvement in cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Houlton
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Deanna Barwick
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Andrew N Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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40
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Lin G, Al Ani R, Niechwiej-Szwedo E. Age-Related Deficits in Binocular Vision Are Associated With Poorer Inhibitory Control in Healthy Older Adults. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:605267. [PMID: 33324156 PMCID: PMC7723854 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.605267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A robust association between reduced visual acuity and cognitive function in older adults has been revealed in large population studies. The aim of this work was to assess the relation between stereoacuity, a key aspect of binocular vision, and inhibitory control, an important component of executive functions. Inhibition was tested using the antisaccade task in older adults with normal or reduced stereopsis (study 1), and in young adults with transiently reduced stereopsis (study 2). Older adults with reduced stereopsis made significantly more errors on the antisaccade task in comparison to those with normal stereopsis. Specifically, there was a significant correlation between stereoacuity and antisaccade errors (r = 0.27, p = 0.019). In contrast, there were no significant differences in antisaccade errors between the normal and reduced stereopsis conditions in the young group. Altogether, results suggest that the association between poorer stereopsis and lower inhibitory control in older adults might arise due to central nervous system impairment that affects the processing of binocular disparity and antisaccades. These results add to a growing body of literature, which highlights the interdependence of sensory and cognitive decline in older adults.
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41
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Chen D, Huang Y, Shi Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang K, Smith AD, Gong Y, Gao Y. Demyelinating processes in aging and stroke in the central nervous system and the prospect of treatment strategy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:1219-1229. [PMID: 33210839 PMCID: PMC7702227 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Demyelination occurs in response to brain injury and is observed in many neurodegenerative diseases. Myelin is synthesized from oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and oligodendrocyte death‐induced demyelination is one of the mechanisms involved in white matter damage after stroke and neurodegeneration. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) exist in the brain of normal adults, and their differentiation into mature oligodendrocytes play a central role in remyelination. Although the differentiation and maturity of OPCs drive endogenous efforts for remyelination, the failure of axons to remyelinate is still the biggest obstacle to brain repair after injury or diseases. In recent years, studies have made attempts to promote remyelination after brain injury and disease, but its cellular or molecular mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this review, we discuss recent studies examining the demyelination process and potential therapeutic strategies for remyelination in aging and stroke. Based on our current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying remyelination, we hypothesize that myelin and oligodendrocytes are viable therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury and to treat demyelinating‐related neurodegeneration diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichen Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyu Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Amanda D Smith
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqin Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Neurosurgery of Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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42
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Chan ASY, Tun TA, Allen JC, Lynn MN, Tun SBB, Barathi VA, Girard MJA, Aung T, Aihara M. Longitudinal assessment of optic nerve head changes using optical coherence tomography in a primate microbead model of ocular hypertension. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14709. [PMID: 32895414 PMCID: PMC7477239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, the longitudinal characterisation of early optic nerve head (ONH) damage in ocular hypertension (OHT) is difficult as patients with glaucoma usually have structural ONH damage at the time of diagnosis. Previous studies assessed glaucomatous ONH cupping by measuring the anterior lamina cribrosa depth (LCD) and minimal rim width (MRW) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). In this study, we induced OHT by repeated intracameral microbead injections in 16 cynomolgus primates (10 unilateral; 6 bilateral) and assessed the structural changes of the ONH longitudinally to observe early changes. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in OHT eyes was maintained for 7 months and serial OCT measurements were performed during this period. The mean IOP was significantly elevated in OHT eyes when compared to baseline and compared to the control eyes. Thinner MRW and deeper LCD values from baseline were observed in OHT eyes with the greatest changes seen between month 1 and month 2 of OHT. Both the mean and maximum IOP values were significant predictors of MRW and LCD changes, although the maximum IOP was a slightly better predictor. We believe that this model could be useful to study IOP-induced early ONH structural damage which is important for understanding glaucoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita S Y Chan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tin Aung Tun
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Ophthalmic Engineering & Innovation Laboratory (OEIL), Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Myoe Naing Lynn
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Sai Bo Bo Tun
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore
| | - Veluchamy Amutha Barathi
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michaël J A Girard
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Ophthalmic Engineering & Innovation Laboratory (OEIL), Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute and Singapore National Eye Centre, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore, 168751, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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43
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Chew H, Solomon VA, Fonteh AN. Involvement of Lipids in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Potential Therapies. Front Physiol 2020; 11:598. [PMID: 32581851 PMCID: PMC7296164 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids constitute the bulk of the dry mass of the brain and have been associated with healthy function as well as the most common pathological conditions of the brain. Demographic factors, genetics, and lifestyles are the major factors that influence lipid metabolism and are also the key components of lipid disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, the most common genetic risk factor of AD, APOE ϵ4 genotype, is involved in lipid transport and metabolism. We propose that lipids are at the center of Alzheimer's disease pathology based on their involvement in the blood-brain barrier function, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, myelination, membrane remodeling, receptor signaling, inflammation, oxidation, and energy balance. Under healthy conditions, lipid homeostasis bestows a balanced cellular environment that enables the proper functioning of brain cells. However, under pathological conditions, dyshomeostasis of brain lipid composition can result in disturbed BBB, abnormal processing of APP, dysfunction in endocytosis/exocytosis/autophagocytosis, altered myelination, disturbed signaling, unbalanced energy metabolism, and enhanced inflammation. These lipid disturbances may contribute to abnormalities in brain function that are the hallmark of AD. The wide variance of lipid disturbances associated with brain function suggest that AD pathology may present as a complex interaction between several metabolic pathways that are augmented by risk factors such as age, genetics, and lifestyles. Herewith, we examine factors that influence brain lipid composition, review the association of lipids with all known facets of AD pathology, and offer pointers for potential therapies that target lipid pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Chew
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Alfred N. Fonteh
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
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44
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Age-related cognitive decline in baboons: modeling the prodromal phase of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10099-10116. [PMID: 32427127 PMCID: PMC7346018 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aging of brain cells and synaptic loss are the major underlying pathophysiological processes contributing to the progressive decline in cognitive functions and Alzheimer’s disease. The difference in cognitive performances observed between adult and aged subjects across species highlights the decline of brain systems with age. The inflection point in age-related cognitive decline is important for our understanding of the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and for timing therapeutic interventions. Humans and nonhuman primates share many similarities including age-dependent changes in gene expression and decline in neural and immune functions. Given these evolutionary conserved organ systems, complex human-like behavioral and age-dependent changes may be modeled and monitored longitudinally in nonhuman primates. We integrated three clinically relevant outcome measures to investigate the effect of age on cognition, motor function and diurnal activity in aged baboons. We provide evidence of a naturally-occurring age-dependent precipitous decline in movement planning, in learning novel tasks, in simple discrimination and in motivation. These results suggest that baboons aged ~20 years (equivalent to ~60 year old humans) may offer a relevant model for the prodromal phase of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias to investigate mechanisms involved in the precipitous decline in cognitive functions and to develop early therapeutic interventions
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45
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Ferrer I, Andrés-Benito P. White matter alterations in Alzheimer's disease without concomitant pathologies. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2020; 46:654-672. [PMID: 32255227 PMCID: PMC7754505 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aims Most individuals with AD neuropathological changes have co‐morbidities which have an impact on the integrity of the WM. This study analyses oligodendrocyte and myelin markers in the frontal WM in a series of AD cases without clinical or pathological co‐morbidities. Methods From a consecutive autopsy series, 206 cases had neuropathological changes of AD; among them, only 33 were AD without co‐morbidities. WM alterations were first evaluated in coronal sections of the frontal lobe in every case. Then, RT‐qPCR and immunohistochemistry were carried out in the frontal WM of AD cases without co‐morbidities to analyse the expression of selected oligodendrocyte and myelin markers. Results WM demyelination was more marked in AD with co‐morbidities when compared with AD cases without co‐morbidities. Regarding the later, mRNA expression levels of MBP, PLP1, CNP, MAG, MAL, MOG and MOBP were preserved at stages I–II/0–A when compared with middle‐aged (MA) individuals, but significantly decreased at stages III–IV/0–C. This was accompanied by reduced expression of NG2 and PDGFRA mRNA, reduced numbers of NG2‐, Olig2‐ and HDAC2‐immunoreactive cells and reduced glucose transporter immunoreactivity. Partial recovery of some of these markers occurred at stages V–VI/B–C. Conclusions The present observations demonstrate that co‐morbidities have an impact on WM integrity in the elderly and in AD, and that early alterations in oligodendrocytes and transcription of genes linked to myelin proteins in WM occur in AD cases without co‐morbidities. These are followed by partial recovery attempts at advanced stages. These observations suggest that oligodendrocytopathy is part of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, CIBERNED (Network Centre of Biomedical Research of Neurodegenerative Diseases), Institute of Health Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.,Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
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46
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Papuć E, Rejdak K. The role of myelin damage in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:345-351. [PMID: 32190145 PMCID: PMC7069444 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2018.76863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Alois Alzheimer described myelin disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD) as early as in 1911, his observation has escaped the attention of researchers since that time. Alzheimer's disease has been mainly considered as a grey matter disorder; nevertheless, recent evidence suggests that myelin impairment may play an important role in AD pathology. Classical neuropathological changes in AD, e.g. the accumulation of aggregated Aβ 42 and the presence of neurofibrillary tangles, are responsible for neuronal loss, but they may also induce death of oligodendrocytes and myelin damage. There is also evidence that myelin pathology may even precede Aβ and tau pathologies in AD. The state of the art does not allow us to determine whether myelin damage is a primary or a secondary injury in AD subjects. The article presents an overview of current knowledge on the role of myelin in AD pathology and its interactions with Aβ and tau pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Papuć
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Konrad Rejdak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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47
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Sorond FA, Whitehead S, Arai K, Arnold D, Carmichael ST, De Carli C, Duering M, Fornage M, Flores-Obando RE, Graff-Radford J, Hamel E, Hess DC, Ihara M, Jensen MK, Markus HS, Montagne A, Rosenberg G, Shih AY, Smith EE, Thiel A, Tse KH, Wilcock D, Barone F. Proceedings from the Albert Charitable Trust Inaugural Workshop on white matter and cognition in aging. GeroScience 2019; 42:81-96. [PMID: 31811528 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00141-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This third in a series of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) workshops, supported by "The Leo and Anne Albert Charitable Trust," was held from February 8 to 12 at the Omni Resort in Carlsbad, CA. This workshop followed the information gathered from the earlier two workshops suggesting that we focus more specifically on brain white matter in age-related cognitive impairment. The Scientific Program Committee (Frank Barone, Shawn Whitehead, Eric Smith, and Rod Corriveau) assembled translational, clinical, and basic scientists with unique expertise in acute and chronic white matter injury at the intersection of cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative etiologies. As in previous Albert Trust workshops, invited participants addressed key topics related to mechanisms of white matter injury, biomarkers of white matter injury, and interventions to prevent white matter injury and age-related cognitive decline. This report provides a synopsis of the presentations and discussions by the participants, including the existing knowledge gaps and the delineation of the next steps towards advancing our understanding of white matter injury and age-related cognitive decline. Workshop discussions and consensus resulted in action by The Albert Trust to (1) increase support from biannual to annual "White Matter and Cognition" workshops; (2) provide funding for two collaborative, novel research grants annually submitted by meeting participants; and (3) coordinate the formation of the "Albert Research Institute for White Matter and Cognition." This institute will fill a gap in white matter science, providing white matter and cognition communications, including annual updates from workshops and the literature and interconnecting with other Albert Trust scientific endeavors in cognition and dementia, and providing support for newly established collaborations between seasoned investigators and to the development of talented young investigators in the VCI-dementia (VCID) and white matter cognition arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh A Sorond
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| | - Shawn Whitehead
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Ken Arai
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Douglas Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Charles De Carli
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Marco Duering
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Rafael E Flores-Obando
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jonathan Graff-Radford
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Edith Hamel
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - David C Hess
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Massafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Majken K Jensen
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Hugh S Markus
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Axel Montagne
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Gary Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Andy Y Shih
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Eric E Smith
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alex Thiel
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Kai Hei Tse
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Donna Wilcock
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Frank Barone
- Department of Neurology, Division Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave, suite 1150, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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48
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Li W, Sun L, Li G, Xiao S. Prevalence, Influence Factors and Cognitive Characteristics of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:180. [PMID: 31417393 PMCID: PMC6682644 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as an independent risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study was performed to investigate the prevalence, influencing factors and cognitive characteristics of MCI in elderly patients with T2DM in China. Methods: In the cross-sectional study, we performed cluster random sampling of 3,246 people age 60 years and older across the country. All participants were interviewed and screened for T2DM and MCI. A total of 341 subjects were diagnosed of MCI according to the criteria of Petersen, and a total of 256 subjects were diagnosed of T2DM by using the American Diabetes Association criteria Among the 256 T2DM people, 56 were also diagnosed with MCI. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate risk and protective factor for MCI with T2DM. We also assessed their cognitive function by using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Digit span, Associative Learning Test (ALT), Visual Identification Test (VIT), Verbal Fluency (VF), Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)-III Block Design, WAIS-III picture completion and Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT). Results: Among the 256 T2DM patients, 56 were diagnosed with MCI, and the prevalence of MCI in T2DM was 21.8%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that depression (p = 0.002, OR = 6.220, 95% CI: 2.005–19.290) was a risk factor for MCI among T2DM patients, while education (p < 0.001, OR = 0.869, 95% CI: 0.805–0.983) was a protective one. All the scores of neuropsychological tests (except for MMSE) in T2DM patients with MCI were lower than those without MCI (p < 0.05), but there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) in neuropsychological tests between T2DM-MCI group and No-T2DM-MCI group. Linear regression analysis showed that the drug treatment of diabetes was positively correlated (t = 2.263, p = 0.025) with the total score of auditory word tests. Conclusions: The present study suggests a high prevalence of MCI among Chinese T2DM patients. Depression is a risk factor for MCI, while education is a protective one. T2DM patients with MCI often show comprehensive cognitive impairment, and the drug treatment of diabetes might help to improve cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanjun Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shifu Xiao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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49
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Chiu KB, Lee KM, Robillard KN, MacLean AG. A Method to Investigate Astrocyte and Microglial Morphological Changes in the Aging Brain of the Rhesus Macaque. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1938:265-276. [PMID: 30617987 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9068-9_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
With a rapidly aging population, studies of neuroinflammation and degeneration associated with eugeric aging are becoming critical. Using the unique archive at the Tulane National Primate Research Center as a resource, we have developed tools to quantify morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia across the life span of monkeys. This method can be used for morphometric studies of multiple parameters simultaneously in an unbiased manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Chiu
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kim M Lee
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA.,Vanderbilt Hospital Nashville, Nashville, TN, USA.,Tulane Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Katelyn N Robillard
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA.,Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Andrew G MacLean
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA. .,Tulane Program in Biomedical Sciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. .,Tulane Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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50
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Zhang L, Cao B, Zou Y, Wei QQ, Ou R, Zhao B, Yang J, Wu Y, Shang H. Frontal lobe function, behavioral changes and quality of life in patients with multiple system atrophy. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2019; 37:11-19. [PMID: 30741706 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-180862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is an important and common symptom in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA). OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to explore the potential relationships among frontal lobe function, behavioral changes and quality of life (QoL) in patients with MSA. METHODS A total of 203 MSA patients were enrolled and evaluated using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), the Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI) and the Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39 item version (PDQ-39). Seventy-eight age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited to complete the FAB. RESULTS Among MSA patients, those with frontal lobe dysfunction were older (P = 0.005), had older age of onset (P = 0.002), lower educational level (P < 0.001), higher scores in the PDQ-39 domains of mobility (P = 0.042), ADL (P = 0.020), cognition (P < 0.001) and communication compared to those with normal frontal lobe function. The most common frontal behavioral changes were logopenia followed by apathy and inflexibility. The severity of frontal behavioral changes was associated with MSA subtype (P = 0.015), disease severity (Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale-I (UMSARS-I), UMSARS-II, UMSARS-IV, and total UMSARS scores) (P < 0.001), orthostatic hypotension (P = 0.022), severity of depressive symptoms and total score on the PDQ-39 (P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression showed that the determinants of poor QoL in patients with MSA were disease severity (UMSARS-I and total UMSARS scores) (P < 0.05), depression (P = 0.013) and total FBI score (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Frontal behavioral changes were potential determinants of poor QoL in MSA, in addition to the disease severity and depressive symptoms. Early discovery and management of frontal behavioral changes in addition to motor and depressive symptoms will help to improve the QoL of MSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- LingYu Zhang
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yutong Zou
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - RuWei Ou
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - HuiFang Shang
- Department of Neurology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics (West China Hospital), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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