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Gupta DK, Iyer A, Mitra A, Chatterjee S, Murugan S. From power to plants: unveiling the environmental footprint of lithium batteries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:26343-26354. [PMID: 38532211 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Widespread adoption of lithium-ion batteries in electronic products, electric cars, and renewable energy systems has raised severe worries about the environmental consequences of spent lithium batteries. Because of its mobility and possible toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, lithium, as a vital component of battery technology, has inherent environmental problems. Leaching of lithium from discharged batteries, as well as its subsequent migration through soil and water, represents serious environmental hazards, since it accumulates in the food chain, impacting ecosystems and human health. This study thoroughly analyses the effects of lithium on plants, including its absorption, transportation, and toxicity. An attempt has been made to examine how lithium moves throughout plants through symplastic and apoplastic pathways and the factors that affect lithium accumulation in plant tissues, such as soil pH and calcium. This review focuses on the possible toxicity of lithium and its impact on ecosystems and human health. Aside from examining the environmental impacts, this review also emphasizes the significance of proper disposal and recycling measures in order to offset the negative effects of used lithium batteries. The paper also highlights the need for ongoing research to develop innovative and sustainable techniques for lithium recovery and remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra K Gupta
- Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, Jorbagh Road, Aliganj, New Delhi, 110003, India.
| | - Aswetha Iyer
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to Be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641114, India
| | - Anindita Mitra
- Bankura Christian College, Bankura, 722101, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumya Chatterjee
- Defence Research Laboratory, DRDO, Post Bag 2, Tezpur, 784001, Assam, India
| | - Sevanan Murugan
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to Be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, 641114, India
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Shakoor N, Hussain M, Adeel M, Azeem I, Ahmad MA, Zain M, Zhang P, Li Y, Quanlong W, Horton R, Rui Y. Lithium-induced alterations in soybean nodulation and nitrogen fixation through multifunctional mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166438. [PMID: 37633397 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing footprints of lithium (Li) in agroecosystems combined with limited recycling options have raised uncertain consequences for important crops. Nitrogen (N2)-fixation by legumes is an important biological response process, but the cause and effect of Li exposure on plant root-nodule symbiosis and biological N2-fixation (BNF) potential are still unclear. Soybean as a model plant was exposed to Li at low (25 mg kg-1), medium (50 mg kg-1), and high (100 mg kg-1) concentrations. We found that soybean growth and nodulation capacity had a concentration-dependent response to Li. Li at 100 mg kg-1 reduced the nodule numbers, weight, and BNF potential of soybean in comparison to the low and medium levels. Significant shift in soybean growth and BNF after exposure to Li were associated with alteration in the nodule metabolic pathways involved in nitrogen uptake and metabolism (urea, glutamine and glutamate). Importantly, poor soybean nodulation after high Li exposure was due in part to a decreased abundance of bacterium Ensifer in the nodule bacterial community. Also, the dominant N2-fixing bacterium Ensifer was significantly correlated with carbon and nitrogen metabolic pathways. The findings of our study offer mechanistic insights into the environmental and biological impacts of Li on soybean root-nodule symbiosis and N2-acquisition and provide a pathway to develop strategies to mitigate the challenges posed by Li in agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Muzammil Hussain
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519087, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Imran Azeem
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wang Quanlong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Robert Horton
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Afzal S, Bakhat HF, Shahid M, Shah GM, Abbas G. Assessment of lithium bioaccumulation by quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa willd.) and its implication for human health. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:6517-6532. [PMID: 37330432 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01659-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is the lightest alkali metal and 27th most abundant element in the earth crust. In traces, the element has medicinal value for various disorders in humans, however, its higher concentrations may lead to treatment-resistant depression and altered thyroid functioning. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) has gained popularity owing to its halophytic nature and its potential use as an alternative to the traditional staple foods. However, quinoa response to Li-salt in terms of growth, Li accumulation potential and health risks associated with consumption of the quinoa seeds grown on Li-contaminated soils has not been explored yet. During this study, quinoa was exposed to various concentrations of Li (0, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mM) at germination as well as seedling stages. The results showed that seed germination was the highest (64% higher than control) at Li concentration of 8 mM. Similarly, at 8 mM doses of Li shoot length, shoot dry weight, root length, root dry weight and grain yield were increased by 130%, 300%, 244%, 858% and 185% than control. It was also revealed that Li increased the accumulation of calcium and sodium in quinoa shoots. Carotenoids contents were increased, but chlorophyll contents remained un-changed under Li application. The activities of antioxidants viz. Peroxide dismutase, catalase and super oxide dismutase were also increased with an increase in the levels of Li in the soil. Estimated daily intake and hazard quotient of Li in quinoa were less than the threshold level. It was concluded that Li concentration of 8 mM is useful for quinoa growth and it can be successfully grown on Li contaminated soils without causing any human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Afzal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Centre for Climate Research and Development, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
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Török AI, Moldovan A, Senila L, Kovacs E, Resz MA, Senila M, Cadar O, Tanaselia C, Levei EA. Impact of Low Lithium Concentrations on the Fatty Acids and Elemental Composition of Salvinia natans. Molecules 2023; 28:5347. [PMID: 37513220 PMCID: PMC10385638 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The photosynthetic pigments, protein, macro and microelements concentrations, and fatty acids composition of Salvinia natans, a free-floating aquatic plant, were analyzed after exposure to Hoagland nutrient solution containing 1, 3, and 5 mg/L Li. The Li content of Salvinia natans grew exponentially with the Li concentration in the Hoagland nutrient solution. The exposure to Li did not induce significant changes in Na, Mg, K, Cu, and Zn content but enhanced the Ba, Cr, Mn, Ni and Mo absorption in Salvinia natans. The most abundant fatty acids determined in oils extracted from Salvinia natans were C16:0, C18:3(n6), C18:2(n6), and C18:3(n3). The photosynthetic pigments did not change significantly after exposure to Li. In contrast, chlorophyll and protein content decreased, whilst monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids content increased after the exposure to 1 mg/L Li. The results indicated that Salvinia natans exposed to low Li concentrations may be a good source of minerals, omega 6 and omega 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Iulia Török
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana Moldovan
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lacrimioara Senila
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eniko Kovacs
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3-5 Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Maria-Alexandra Resz
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marin Senila
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Cadar
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu Tanaselia
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Erika Andrea Levei
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Shakoor N, Adeel M, Ahmad MA, Zain M, Waheed U, Javaid RA, Haider FU, Azeem I, Zhou P, Li Y, Jilani G, Xu M, Rinklebe J, Rui Y. Reimagining safe lithium applications in the living environment and its impacts on human, animal, and plant system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:100252. [PMID: 36891261 PMCID: PMC9988428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lithium's (Li) ubiquitous distribution in the environment is a rising concern due to its rapid proliferation in the modern electronic industry. Li enigmatic entry into the terrestrial food chain raises many questions and uncertainties that may pose a grave threat to living biota. We examined the leverage existing published articles regarding advances in global Li resources, interplay with plants, and possible involvement with living organisms, especially humans and animals. Globally, Li concentration (<10-300 mg kg-1) is detected in agricultural soil, and their pollutant levels vary with space and time. High mobility of Li results in higher accumulation in plants, but the clear mechanisms and specific functions remain unknown. Our assessment reveals the causal relationship between Li level and biota health. For example, lower Li intake (<0.6 mM in serum) leads to mental disorders, while higher intake (>1.5 mM in serum) induces thyroid, stomach, kidney, and reproductive system dysfunctions in humans and animals. However, there is a serious knowledge gap regarding Li regulatory standards in environmental compartments, and mechanistic approaches to unveil its consequences are needed. Furthermore, aggressive efforts are required to define optimum levels of Li for the normal functioning of animals, plants, and humans. This review is designed to revitalize the current status of Li research and identify the key knowledge gaps to fight back against the mountainous challenges of Li during the recent digital revolution. Additionally, we propose pathways to overcome Li problems and develop a strategy for effective, safe, and acceptable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, 18 Jinfeng Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Department of Botany, University of Lakki Marwat, KP, 28420, Pakistan
| | - Usman Waheed
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Jhang-campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Rana Arsalan Javaid
- Crop Science Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Imran Azeem
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ghulam Jilani
- Institute of Soil Science, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Ming Xu
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, 18 Jinfeng Road, Tangjiawan, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Germany
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Ghribi F, Bejaoui S, Zupa R, Trabelsi W, Marengo M, Chetoui I, Corriero A, Soudani N. New insight into the toxic effects of lithium in the ragworm Perinereis cultrifera as revealed by lipidomic biomarkers, redox status, and histopathological features. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:68821-68835. [PMID: 37129804 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a toxic monovalent alkaline metal used in household items common to industrial applications. The present work was aimed at investigating the potential toxic effects of LiCl on the redox status, fatty acid composition, and histological aspects of the marine ragworm Perinereis cultrifera. Sea worms were exposed to LiCl graded doses (20, 40, and 80 mg/L) for 48 h. Compared with the control group, the saturated fatty acids (SFA) decreased while monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased upon exposure to LiCl. The increase in PUFA n-3 and PUFA n-6 was concomitant to an increase in docosahexaenoic (DHA: C22:6n-3), eicosapentaenoic (EPA: C20:5n-3), and docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-6) fatty acids. Results showed that LiCl-treated specimens accumulate lithium with increasing exposure gradient. Indeed, the exposure to LiCl doses promoted oxidative stress with an increase of the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), and protein carbonyl (PCO) as well as the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants (non-protein thiols (NPSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and metallothionein (MT)) levels in all treated groups. Our biochemical findings have been affirmed by the histopathological observations showing hyperplasia and loss of the intestine structure in treated specimens. Overall, our findings give new insights on the toxic effect of LiCl on the redox status of P. cultrifera body tissue and highlighted the usefulness of the FA composition as an early sensitive bioindicators to better understand LiCl mechanism of toxicity in marine polychaetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feriel Ghribi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Tunis Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Safa Bejaoui
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Tunis Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
- High Institute of Aquaculture and Fishing of Bizerte, BP15, 7080, Menzel Jemil, Tunisia
| | - Rosa Zupa
- Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Wafa Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Tunis Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Michel Marengo
- Station de Recherche Sous-marines et océanographiques (STARESO), Calvi, France
| | - Imene Chetoui
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Tunis Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aldo Corriero
- Veterinary Clinics and Animal Production Unit, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Italy
| | - Nejla Soudani
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biology and Physiology of Aquatic Organisms, Tunis Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
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Xu Z, Zhang Z, Wang X. Ecotoxicological effects of soil lithium on earthworm Eisenia fetida: Lethality, bioaccumulation, biomarker responses, and histopathological changes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 330:121748. [PMID: 37127236 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lithium is an emerging environmental contaminant in the current low-carbon economy, but little is known about its influences on soil invertebrates. In this work, earthworm Eisenia fetida was exposed to soils treated with different levels of lithium for 7 d, and multiple ecotoxicological parameters were evaluated. The results showed that mortality was dose-dependent and lithium's median lethal content (LC50) to earthworm was respectively 865.08, 361.01, 139.36, and 94.95 mg/kg after 1 d, 2 d, 4 d, and 7 d exposure. The bioaccumulation factor based on measured exogenous lithium content (BFexog) respectively reached 0.79, 1.01, 1.57, and 1.27 with the increasing lithium levels, suggesting that lithium accumulation was averagely 1.16-fold to the exogenous content, and 74.42%∼81.19%, 14.54%∼18.23%, and 2.26%∼8.02% of the lithium in exposed earthworms were respectively retained in the cytosol, debris, and granule. Then, lithium stress stimulated the activity of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, acetylcholinesterase, and glutathione S-transferase as well as the content of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and metallothionein, indicating the generation of oxidative damage, while the content of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde decreased. Finally, lithium introduced histopathological changes, including the degenerated seminal vesicle and muscle hyperplasia, as well as high or extreme nuclear DNA damage. This study confirmed the obvious bioaccumulation and toxic effects caused by soil lithium via ecotoxicological data, providing new theoretical insights into understanding the ecological risks of lithium to soil invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Xu
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Xu Z, Zhang Z, Peng S, Yuan Y, Wang X. Influences of lithium on soil properties and enzyme activities. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137458. [PMID: 36470353 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium is an emerging environmental contaminant under the current sustainable energy strategy, but little is known about its contamination characteristic in soil. In this study, soil properties and enzyme activities in soils treated with 10-1280 mg kg-1 lithium were measured. The results showed that the content of ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, and exchangeable potassium significantly increased by 64.39%-217.73%, 23.06%-131.86%, and 4.76%-16.10%, while electric conductivity and available phosphorus content in lithium treated soils was respectively as 1.10-fold-13.44-fold and 1.27-fold-6.66-fold comparing to CK value. Soil pH and cation exchange capacity slightly declined and increased, respectively, and there was no significant variation in total organic carbon. However, nitrate nitrogen and sulfate content significantly decreased under higher lithium stress. On the other hand, lower lithium treatment level of 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg kg-1 selectively promoted the activities of sucrase, urease, aryl sulfatase, and peroxidase, while the protease, neutral phosphatase, phytase, and lipase were significantly inhibited under all lithium levels, indicating a weaken geochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Then, lithium's 10% and 50% ecological dose (ED10 and ED50) was respectively fitted as 21.18 and 1408.67 mg kg-1 basing on Geometric Mean Index. The influences of lithium on soil were adverse. This study provided important insights into understanding the characteristics of lithium contamination, informing risk assessment and guiding remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhinan Xu
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqi Zhang
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Peng
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangrong Wang
- Center for Urban Eco-planning and Design, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Mikavica I, Ranđelović D, Djordjević V, Rakić T, Gajić G, Mutić J. Concentration and mobility of trace elements (Li, Ba, Sr, Ag, Hg, B) and macronutrients (Ca, Mg, K) in soil-orchid system on different bedrock types. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:979-995. [PMID: 35907069 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mobility of chemical elements in the soil-orchid system has been poorly studied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the uptake and mobility of several trace (Li, Ba, Sr, Ag, Hg, and B) and macronutrients (Ca, Mg, and K) in the orchid Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase from soils in western Serbia. The sampling sites are characterized by three different bedrock types-cherts, limestones, and serpentines, which are the source of the significant chemical differences in the elemental status of the soil and plant tissues. The four-step Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction procedure was used to determine the distribution of fractions and predict their potential phytoavailability. The orchid and soil samples were analyzed for total elemental content analysis using ICP-OES. The greatest potential for plant availability was determined for Ba and Sr, representing about 80% of the total soil content. More than 40% of Li in the soils was found to be potentially phytoavailable. Significant correlations were found between the total content of Li, B, and Sr in soils. Between 38 and 60% of Li content and more than 80% of Ba and Sr content were determined to be potentially phytoavailable by sequential analysis. The highest bioconcentration factor (> 1) was determined in the case of B and Sr for all orchid organs, while translocation factor for Li was highest in tubers and leaves. The studied elements were mainly stored in tubers and roots, indicating the exclusion strategy of A. morio as a metal tolerance mechanism. The data obtained showed significant differences in metal content in soils and plants originating from sites with different parent materials, suggesting that bedrock type and associated soil properties are important factors that determine chemical element mobility and uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Mikavica
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Minerals Raw Materials, Boulevard Franchet d`Esperey 86, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Ranđelović
- Institute for Technology of Nuclear and Other Minerals Raw Materials, Boulevard Franchet d`Esperey 86, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladan Djordjević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Rakić
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden, University of Belgrade, Takovska 43, 11 000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Gordana Gajić
- Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, P.O. Box 51, 11158, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Shakoor N, Adeel M, Azeem I, Ahmad MA, Zain M, Abbas A, Hussain M, Jiang Y, Zhou P, Li Y, Xu M, Rui Y. Interplay of higher plants with lithium pollution: Global trends, meta-analysis, and perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136663. [PMID: 36206918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is gaining attention due to rapid rise in modern industries but their ultimate fingerprints on plants are not well established. Herein, we executed a meta-analysis of the existing recent literature investigating the impact of Li sources and levels on plant species under different growth conditions to understand the existing state of knowledge. Toxic effects of Li exposure in plants varies as a function of medium and interestingly, more negative responses are reported in hydroponic media as compared to soil and foliar application. Additionally, toxic effects of Li vary with Li source materials and LiCl more negatively affected plant development parameters such as plant germination (n = 48) and root biomass (n = 57) and recorded highly uptake in plants (n = 78), while LiNO3 has more negative effects on shoot biomass. The Li at <50 mg L-1 concentrations significantly influenced the plant physiological indicators including plant germination and root biomass, while 50-500 mg L-1 Li concentration influence the biochemical parameters. The dose-response relationship (EC50) ranges regarding the exposure medium of Li sources in plant species were observed 24.6-196.7 ppm respectively. The uptake potential of Li is dose-dependent and their translocation/bioaccumulation remains unknown. Future work should include full life cycle studies of the crops to elucidate the bioaccumulation of Li in edible tissues and to investigate possible trophic transfer of Li.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, PR China.
| | - Imran Azeem
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ahmad
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Department of Botany, University of Lakki Marwat, Lakki Marwat, KP, 28420, Pakistan
| | - Aown Abbas
- Department of Soil and Climate Change, The University of Haripur, 22780, Pakistan
| | - Muzammil Hussain
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Pingfan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yuanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Ming Xu
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519087, PR China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation and College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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11
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Török AI, Moldovan A, Kovacs E, Cadar O, Becze A, Levei EA, Neag E. Lithium Accumulation in Salvinia natans Free-Floating Aquatic Plant. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7243. [PMID: 36295307 PMCID: PMC9611884 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The new context of the intensive use of lithium-based batteries led to increased production of Li and Li-containing wastes. All these activities are potential sources of environmental pollution with Li. However, the negative impact of Li on ecosystems, its specific role in the plants' development, uptake mechanism, and response to the induced stress are not fully understood. In this sense, the Li uptake and changes induced by Li exposure in the major and trace element contents, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant activity, and elemental composition of Salvinia natans were also investigated. The results showed that Salvinia natans grown in Li-enriched nutrient solutions accumulated much higher Li contents than those grown in spring waters with a low Li content. However, the Li bioaccumulation factor in Salvinia natans grown in Li-enriched nutrient solutions was lower (13.3-29.5) than in spring waters (13.0-42.2). The plants exposed to high Li contents showed a decrease in their K and photosynthetic pigments content, while their total antioxidant activity did not change substantially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Iulia Török
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ana Moldovan
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eniko Kovacs
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 3–5 Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Cadar
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Becze
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Erika Andrea Levei
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Emilia Neag
- Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation Subsidiary, National Institute for Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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12
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Kuloğlu SS, Yalçin E, Çavuşoğlu K, Acar A. Dose-dependent toxicity profile and genotoxicity mechanism of lithium carbonate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13504. [PMID: 35931740 PMCID: PMC9355992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing widespread use of lithium, which is preferred as an energy source in batteries produced for electric vehicles and in many electronic vehicles such as computers and mobile phones, has made it an important environmental pollutant. In this study, the toxicity profile of lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) was investigated with the Allium test, which is a bio-indicator test. Dose-related toxic effects were investigated using Li2CO3 at doses of 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, and 100 mg/L. The toxicity profile was determined by examining physiological, cytotoxic, genotoxic, biochemical and anatomical effects. Physiological effects of Li2CO3 were determined by root length, injury rate, germination percentage and weight gain while cytotoxic effects were determined by mitotic index (MI) ratio and genotoxic effects were determined by micronucleus (MN) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs). The effect of Li2CO3 on antioxidant and oxidant dynamics was determined by examining glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and anatomical changes were investigated in the sections of root meristematic tissues. As a result, Li2CO3 exhibited a dose-dependent regression in germination-related parameters. This regression is directly related to the MI and 100 mg/L Li2CO3 reduced MI by 38% compared to the control group. MN and CAs were observed at high rates in the groups treated with Li2CO3. Fragments were found with the highest rate among CAs. Other damages were bridge, unequal distribution of chromatin, sticky chromosome, vagrant chromosome, irregular mitosis, reverse polarization and multipolar anaphase. The genotoxic effects were associated with Li2CO3-DNA interactions determined by molecular docking. The toxic effects of Li2CO3 are directly related to the deterioration of the antioxidant/oxidant balance in the cells. While MDA, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, increased by 59.1% in the group administered 100 mg/L Li2CO3, GSH, which has an important role in cell defense, decreased by 60.8%. Significant changes were also detected in the activities of SOD and CAT, two important enzymes in antioxidant defense, compared to the control. These toxic effects, which developed in the cells belonging to the lithium-treated groups, were also reflected in the tissue anatomy, and anatomical changes such as epidermis cell damage, cortex cell damage, flattened cell nucleus, thickening of the cortex cell wall and unclear vascular tissue were observed in the anatomical sections. The frequency of these changes also increased depending on the Li2CO3 dose. As a result, Li2CO3, which is one of the lithium compounds, and has become an important contaminant in the environment with increasing technological developments, caused a combined and versatile toxicity in Allium cepa L. meristematic cells, especially by causing deterioration in antioxidant/oxidant dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emine Yalçin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Art, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Ali Acar
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
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13
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Naeem A, Aslam M, Mühling KH. Lithium: Perspectives of nutritional beneficence, dietary intake, biogeochemistry, and biofortification of vegetables and mushrooms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 798:149249. [PMID: 34329936 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although lithium (Li) is not an essential nutrient for humans, low Li intakes are associated with increased suicide and homicide rates, aggressive behaviors, unipolar/bipolar disorders, acute mania, etc. On the other hand, Li is one of the most effective psychopharmacological agents used for the treatment of these psycho-behavioral disorders. The beneficial normothymic effect of Li could be achieved at lower doses, therefore, modern psychiatry has called to consider Li biofortification of foods to improve its dietary intake. The concept of agronomic biofortification of crops with Li is juvenile and there exist a limited number of studies, mainly focused on vegetables or mushrooms. This review, first of its kind, discusses the nutritional beneficence and dietary intake of Li, its biogeochemistry, and opportunities and challenges in the Li biofortification of food crops. Literature showed that dietary intake of Li in many countries of the world is insufficient, compared to the provisional recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 1.0 mg day-1 for a 70 kg adult. Lithium contents of soils are widely variable and the metal has high mobility in soils, making it more prone to leaching, and available for plant uptake. Biofortification studies reveal that plants can accumulate significant quantities of Li in their edible tissues without yield loss and quality associated negative effects. At lower application rates, Li tissue concentration could reach to the level that consuming 100-200 g of Li-biofortified fresh vegetables or mushrooms could support its RDA. It seems impossible to enrich the plants with Li to the levels that allow their application in psychiatric treatments, which requires the dosage of 600-1200 mg day-1. However, there is need to refine the methods of Li biofortification strategies to obtains plant specific concentration of Li in edible parts so that consuming a specific amount could provide the proposed dietary intake requirement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Naeem
- Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann Rodewald Strasse 2, D-24118 Kiel, Germany; Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Jhang Road, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Karl H Mühling
- Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann Rodewald Strasse 2, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
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14
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Bolan N, Hoang SA, Tanveer M, Wang L, Bolan S, Sooriyakumar P, Robinson B, Wijesekara H, Wijesooriya M, Keerthanan S, Vithanage M, Markert B, Fränzle S, Wünschmann S, Sarkar B, Vinu A, Kirkham MB, Siddique KHM, Rinklebe J. From mine to mind and mobiles - Lithium contamination and its risk management. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 290:118067. [PMID: 34488156 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-increasing demand for lithium (Li) for portable energy storage devices, there is a global concern associated with environmental contamination of Li, via the production, use, and disposal of Li-containing products, including mobile phones and mood-stabilizing drugs. While geogenic Li is sparingly soluble, Li added to soil is one of the most mobile cations in soil, which can leach to groundwater and reach surface water through runoff. Lithium is readily taken up by plants and has relatively high plant accumulation coefficient, albeit the underlying mechanisms have not been well described. Therefore, soil contamination with Li could reach the food chain due to its mobility in surface- and ground-waters and uptake into plants. High environmental Li levels adversely affect the health of humans, animals, and plants. Lithium toxicity can be considerably managed through various remediation approaches such as immobilization using clay-like amendments and/or chelate-enhanced phytoremediation. This review integrates fundamental aspects of Li distribution and behaviour in terrestrial and aquatic environments in an effort to efficiently remediate Li-contaminated ecosystems. As research to date has not provided a clear picture of how the increased production and disposal of Li-based products adversely impact human and ecosystem health, there is an urgent need for further studies on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthi Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Son A Hoang
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia; Division of Urban Infrastructural Engineering, Mien Trung University of Civil Engineering, Phu Yen, 56000, Viet Nam
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7005, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiv Bolan
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Prasanthi Sooriyakumar
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
| | - Hasintha Wijesekara
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, P.O. Box 02, Belihuloya, 70140, Sri Lanka
| | - Madhuni Wijesooriya
- Department of Natural Resources, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, P.O. Box 02, Belihuloya, 70140, Sri Lanka
| | - S Keerthanan
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Bernd Markert
- Environmental Institute of Scientific Networks (EISN-Institute), Fliederweg 17, D-49733, Haren, Germany
| | - Stefan Fränzle
- IHI Zittau, TU Dresden, Department of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, Zittau, Germany
| | - Simone Wünschmann
- Environmental Institute of Scientific Networks (EISN-Institute), Fliederweg 17, D-49733, Haren, Germany
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- The Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, Institute of Soil Engineering, Waste- and Water Science, Faculty of Architecture und Civil Engineering, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Jin X, Zhang J, An T, Zhao H, Fu W, Li D, Liu S, Cao X, Liu B. A Genome-Wide Screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals a Critical Role for Oxidative Phosphorylation in Cellular Tolerance to Lithium Hexafluorophosphate. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040888. [PMID: 33924665 PMCID: PMC8070311 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) is one of the leading electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries, and its usage has increased tremendously in the past few years. Little is known, however, about its potential environmental and biological impacts. In order to improve our understanding of the cytotoxicity of LiPF6 and the specific cellular response mechanisms to it, we performed a genome-wide screen using a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) deletion mutant collection and identified 75 gene deletion mutants that showed LiPF6 sensitivity. Among these, genes associated with mitochondria showed the most enrichment. We also found that LiPF6 is more toxic to yeast than lithium chloride (LiCl) or sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6). Physiological analysis showed that a high concentration of LiPF6 caused mitochondrial damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and ATP content changes. Compared with the results of previous genome-wide screening for LiCl-sensitive mutants, we found that oxidative phosphorylation-related mutants were specifically hypersensitive to LiPF6. In these deletion mutants, LiPF6 treatment resulted in higher ROS production and reduced ATP levels, suggesting that oxidative phosphorylation-related genes were important for counteracting LiPF6-induced toxicity. Taken together, our results identified genes specifically involved in LiPF6-modulated toxicity, and demonstrated that oxidative stress and ATP imbalance maybe the driving factors in governing LiPF6-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Tingting An
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Huihui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Wenhao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Danqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shenkui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Xiuling Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (B.L.)
| | - Beidong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Hangzhou 311300, China; (X.J.); (J.Z.); (T.A.); (H.Z.); (W.F.); (D.L.); (S.L.)
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, SE-413 90 Goteborg, Sweden
- Center for Large-Scale Cell-Based Screening, Faculty of Science, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 9C, SE-413 90 Goteborg, Sweden
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (B.L.)
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16
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Bakhat HF, Rasul K, Farooq ABU, Zia Z, Fahad S, Abbas S, Shah GM, Rabbani F, Hammad HM. Growth and physiological response of spinach to various lithium concentrations in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:39717-39725. [PMID: 31713143 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) exploitation for industrial and domestic use is resulting in a buildup of the element in various environmental components that results in potential toxicity to living systems. Therefore, a soil culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of increasing concentration of Li (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg kg-1 soil) on spinach growth, the effects of Li uptake, and its effects on various physiological attributes of the crop. The results showed that lower levels of Li in soil (20 mg Li kg-1) improve the growth of spinach plants, while a higher concentration of applied Li enhanced the pigment contents. Higher concentrations of Li in soil interfered with potassium and calcium uptake in plants. Moreover, increasing Li concentration resulted in higher activities of antioxidant enzymes activity in spinach shoots. From these results, it is concluded that spinach shoot accumulated higher concentrations of Li without showing any visual toxicity symptoms. Therefore, the study concludes that Li ion was mostly deposited in leaves rather than in roots which may cause potential human health risk on the consumption of Li-contaminated plants. Therefore, the cultivation of leafy vegetables in Li-affected soils should be avoided to reduce the potential human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Faiq Bakhat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan.
| | - Kunwar Rasul
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Abu Bakar Umar Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Zahida Zia
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Sunaina Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa Shah
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Faiz Rabbani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Mohkum Hammad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, Islamabad, 61100, Pakistan
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17
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Abstract
Lithium (Li) could be much safer and successful approach to supply Li via Li-fortified food products. This study is highlighting the potential scope of Li supply via Li-biofortification of Luobuma tea (made from Apocynum venetum leaves), which is a very popular beverage in Asia with several medical properties. We explored the possibility of A. venetum as Li-enriched tea and investigated plant growth, Li accumulation, total flavonoids (TFs), rutin and hyperoside concentrations, and the antioxidant capacity of A. venetum. With the increase of additional Li, Li concentration in roots, stems and leaves increased gradually. Compared with the control treatment, 10-15 mg kg-1 Li addition stimulated the growth of A. venetum and 25 mg kg-1 Li addition significantly increased the Li concentration in leaves by 80 mg kg-1. Li application did not decrease TFs, rutin, hyperoside and antioxidant capacity of this medicinal herb. A daily consumption of 10 g Li-biofortified A. venetum leaves (cultivated with 25 mg kg-1 LiCl) can give 592 μg Li intake and would constitute 59% of the provisional recommended dietary daily intake of Li. Our results showed that Li-biofortified A. venetum leaves can be used as Li-fortified tea to enhance Li supply and to improve human health when it was used as daily drink.
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18
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Adeel M, Lee JY, Zain M, Rizwan M, Nawab A, Ahmad MA, Shafiq M, Yi H, Jilani G, Javed R, Horton R, Rui Y, Tsang DCW, Xing B. Cryptic footprints of rare earth elements on natural resources and living organisms. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:785-800. [PMID: 31039528 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rare earth elements (REEs) are gaining attention due to rapid rise of modern industries and technological developments in their usage and residual fingerprinting. Cryptic entry of REEs in the natural resources and environment is significant; therefore, life on earth is prone to their nasty effects. Scientific sectors have expressed concerns over the entry of REEs into food chains, which ultimately influences their intake and metabolism in the living organisms. OBJECTIVES Extensive scientific collections and intensive look in to the latest explorations agglomerated in this document aim to depict the distribution of REEs in soil, sediments, surface waters and groundwater possibly around the globe. Furthermore, it draws attention towards potential risks of intensive industrialization and modern agriculture to the exposure of REEs, and their effects on living organisms. It also draws links of REEs usage and their footprints in natural resources with the major food chains involving plants, animals and humans. METHODS Scientific literature preferably spanning over the last five years was obtained online from the MEDLINE and other sources publishing the latest studies on REEs distribution, properties, usage, cycling and intrusion in the environment and food-chains. Distribution of REEs in agricultural soils, sediments, surface and ground water was drawn on the global map, together with transport pathways of REEs and their cycling in the natural resources. RESULTS Fourteen REEs (Ce, Dy, Er, Eu, Gd, Ho, La, Lu, Nd, Pr, Sm, Tb, Th and Yb) were plighted in this study. Wide range of their concentrations has been detected in agricultural soils (<15.9-249.1 μg g-1) and in groundwater (<3.1-146.2 μg L-1) at various sites worldwide. They have strong tendency to accumulate in the human body, and thus associated with kidney stones. The REEs could also perturb the animal physiology, especially affecting the reproductive development in both terrestrial and aquatic animals. In plants, REEs might affect the germination, root and shoot development and flowering at concentration ranging from 0.4 to 150 mg kg-1. CONCLUSIONS This review article precisely narrates the current status, sources, and potential effects of REEs on plants, animals, humans health. There are also a few examples where REEs have been used to benefit human health. However, still there is scarce information about threshold levels of REEs in the soil, aquatic, and terrestrial resources as well as living entities. Therefore, an aggressive effort is required for global action to generate more data on REEs. This implies we prescribe an urgent need for inter-disciplinary studies about REEs in order to identify their toxic effects on both ecosystems and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adeel
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Jie Yinn Lee
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation (ITBC), University of Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah 88400, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Zain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Xinxiang, Henan 453003, PR China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Microelement research center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aamir Nawab
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - M A Ahmad
- Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 11044, PR China
| | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Faculty of biological and agricultural sciences, University of Colima, Mexico
| | - Hao Yi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, PR China
| | - Ghulam Jilani
- Insititute of Soil Science and SWC, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Javed
- Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - R Horton
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, PR China.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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19
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Singh VK, Tripathi DK, Mao X, Russo RE, Zorba V. Elemental Mapping of Lithium Diffusion in Doped Plant Leaves Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 73:387-394. [PMID: 30700104 DOI: 10.1177/0003702819830394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mapping of element distributions and diffusion processes in plant tissue has great significance for understanding the systematic uptake, transport, and accumulation of nutrients and harmful elements in plants, and for studying the interaction between plants and the environment. In this work, we used laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to study the elemental accumulation of Li and its diffusion in plant leaves. The spatially resolved information that LIBS offers, combined with its high sensitivity to light elements make this technology highly advantageous for the analysis of Li. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy mapping of Li-doped leaf samples is used to directly visualize the diffusion of Li in the plant leaf and study its distribution as a function of LiCl solution exposure time. Our findings demonstrate that diffusion of Li in plant leaves occurs though their veins (i.e., bundles of vascular tissue) and that Li concentration decreases as we move away from the LiCl exposure site. These results underline the importance of veins in transportation of toxic elements in plants, and mapping of their distribution can be instrumental in the development of possible remediation approaches for managing Li toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Singh
- 1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- 2 School of Physics, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | | - Xianglei Mao
- 1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - Vassilia Zorba
- 1 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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20
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Matuszkiewicz M, Koter MD, Filipecki M. Limited ventilation causes stress and changes in Arabidopsis morphological, physiological and molecular phenotype during in vitro growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 135:554-562. [PMID: 30459082 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A huge number of experiments in plant biology are conducted in sterile, sealed containers, providing environmental stability and full control of factors influencing the plant system. With respect to roots the in vitro growth has another benefit - the ease of conducting visual observations when grown in transparent media. Moreover, straightforward measurements of in vitro grown root systems make them a sensitive and convenient sensor of multiple stresses which may occur during experiments. In order to optimize root nematode infection tests for Arabidopsis mutants with relatively mild phenotypes, two Petri dish sealing techniques were tested (permeable medical adhesive tape and a popular non-permeable plastic film). Using standard experimental settings applied for infection tests, the root architecture, nematode infections, ion leakage, efficiency of photosynthesis, ethylene (ET) production, and CO2 accumulation were monitored in Arabidopsis thaliana Ws-0 wild-type and lsd1 (lesion stimulating disease 1) plants, which is a conditional dependent programmed cell death mutant. All tested parameters gave statistically significant differences between the analyzed sealing tapes, indicating the importance of air exchange. This factor is quite obvious but often ignored in experiments performed in Petri dishes. The results clearly indicate that stress is greater in air-tight sealed plates. These observations were supported by the great expression variation of several marker genes associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), ET, salicylic (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling in two-week-old seedlings. These results are discussed in light of the observed changes in the ET and CO2 concentration. Our results clearly indicate the importance of culture parameters for monitoring of abiotic and biotic stress responses in laboratory conditions, including accurate mutant phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matuszkiewicz
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, Warszawa, 02-776, Poland
| | - M D Koter
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, Warszawa, 02-776, Poland
| | - M Filipecki
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska Str. 159, Warszawa, 02-776, Poland.
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21
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Jiang L, Wang L, Zhang L, Tian C. Tolerance and accumulation of lithium in Apocynum pictum Schrenk. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5559. [PMID: 30186702 PMCID: PMC6119463 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primarily, lithium (Li) resource development and wider application of Li-ion batteries result in Li pollution and concomitantly poses increasing and inevitable problems to environmental health and safety. However, information is rare about the scope of the remediation of Li contaminated soil. Apocynum venetum is already proved to be a Li-accumulator with high Li tolerance and accumulation (Jiang et al., 2014). However, it is not clear whether Apocynum pictum, another species of the same genus with the same uses as A. venetum, is also a Li-accumulator. We investigated germination, growth and physiological responses of A. pictum to different levels of LiCl. Germination was not significantly affected by low Li concentration (0-100 mmol L-1). As LiCl increased from 100 to 400 mmol L-1, both germination percentage and index decreased gradually. For germination of A. pictum seeds, the critical value (when germination percentage is 50%) in LiCl solution was 235 mmol L-1, and the limit value (when germination percentage is 0%) was 406 mmol L-1. A. pictum could accumulate >1,800 mg kg-1 Li in leaves, and still survived under 400 mg kg-1 Li supply. The high Li tolerance of A. pictum during germination and growth stage was also reflected by activity of α-amylase and contents of soluble sugar, proline and photosynthetic pigments under different Li treatments. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) (except control) and translocation factors (TF) were higher than 1.0. High tolerance and accumulation of Li indicated that A. pictum is Li-accumulator. Therefore, this species could be useful for revegetation and phytoremediation of Li contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Changyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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22
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Martinez NE, Sharp JL, Johnson TE, Kuhne WW, Stafford CT, Duff MC. Reflectance-Based Vegetation Index Assessment of Four Plant Species Exposed to Lithium Chloride. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18092750. [PMID: 30134620 PMCID: PMC6163704 DOI: 10.3390/s18092750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This study considers whether a relationship exists between response to lithium (Li) exposure and select vegetation indices (VI) determined from reflectance spectra in each of four plant species: Arabidopsis thaliana, Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Brassica napus (rape), and Zea mays (corn). Reflectance spectra were collected every week for three weeks using an ASD FieldSpec Pro spectroradiometer with both a contact probe (CP) and a field of view probe (FOV) for plants treated twice weekly in a laboratory setting with 0 mM (control) or 15 mM of lithium chloride (LiCl) solution. Plants were harvested each week after spectra collection for determination of relevant physical endpoints such as relative water content and chlorophyll content. Mixed effects analyses were conducted on selected endpoints and vegetation indices (VI) to determine the significance of the effects of treatment level and length of treatment as well as to determine which VI would be appropriate predictors of treatment-dependent endpoints. Of the species considered, A. thaliana exhibited the most significant effects and corresponding shifts in reflectance spectra. Depending on the species and endpoint, the most relevant VIs in this study were NDVI, PSND, YI, R1676/R1933, R750/R550, and R950/R750.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E. Martinez
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-864-656-1984
| | - Julia L. Sharp
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Thomas E. Johnson
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Wendy W. Kuhne
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; (W.W.K.); (M.C.D.)
| | - Clay T. Stafford
- Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, University of South Carolina Medical School, Columbia, SC 29808, USA;
| | - Martine C. Duff
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, USA; (W.W.K.); (M.C.D.)
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23
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Robinson BH, Yalamanchali R, Reiser R, Dickinson NM. Lithium as an emerging environmental contaminant: Mobility in the soil-plant system. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 197:1-6. [PMID: 29324285 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soil with lithium (Li) is likely to increase due to its wider dispersal in the environment, associated in particular, with the disposal of the now ubiquitous Li-ion batteries. There is, however, a paucity of information on the behaviour of Li in the soil-plant system. We measured the sorption of added Li to soil, and uptake of Li by food and fodder species. Around New Zealand, soil concentrations were shown to range from 0.08 mg/kg to 92 mg/kg, and to be positively correlated with clay content. Most geogenic Li in soil is insoluble and hence unavailable to plants but, when Li+ is added to soil, there is only limited sorption of Li. We found that Li sorption increased with increasing soil pH, and decreased proportionately with increasing Li concentrations. Compared to other cations in soil, Li is mobile and may leach into receiving waters, be taken up by plants, or have other biological impacts. In a soil spiked with just 5 mg/kg, plants took up several hundred mg/kg Li into leaves with no reduction in biomass. Lithium appears to be a phloem immobile element, with the highest concentrations occurring in the older leaves and the lowest concentrations occurring in the seeds or fruits. These results may raise concerns and risks in situations where food and fodder crops are associated with waste disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett H Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, New Zealand.
| | | | - René Reiser
- Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART, Switzerland
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25
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Jiang L, Wang L, Tian CY. High lithium tolerance of Apocynum venetum seeds during germination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:5040-5046. [PMID: 29344914 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1196-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Identification and use of lithium (Li) accumulator plants is a promising strategy to remediate Li-contaminated soil. Apocynum venetum is reported as a Li accumulator. However, its tolerance to Li salt during germination is still unknown. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two Li salts on seed germination of A. venetum. At the same concentrations, germination percentages in LiCl solution were higher than that in Li2CO3 solution. At 25 °C, seeds germinated to 4-90% at 0-400 mmol L-1 LiCl and 3-91% at 0-150 mmol L-1 Li2CO3. Low concentration (0-50 mmol L-1) of LiCl did not significantly affect germination percentage. The simulated critical value (when germination percentage is 50%) in LiCl solution is 196 mmol L-1, and 36 mmol L-1 for Li2CO3. Activity of α-amylase, contents of MDA, soluble sugar, and proline were dramatically affected by Li salts, especially at medium and late germination stages. When compared with control, α-amylase activity of seeds under 25 mmol L-1 LiCl and 10 mmol L-1 Li2CO3 did not show significant difference. Germination percentage and index, radicle length, and physiological parameters indicate A. venetum seeds are highly tolerant to Li salts during germination, especially LiCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 818 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.
| | - Chang-Yan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 818 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
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26
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Kavanagh L, Keohane J, Cleary J, Garcia Cabellos G, Lloyd A. Lithium in the Natural Waters of the South East of Ireland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14060561. [PMID: 28587126 PMCID: PMC5486247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The South East of Ireland (County Carlow) contains a deposit of the valuable lithium-bearing mineral spodumene (LiAl(SiO₃)₂). This resource has recently attracted interest and abstractive mining in the area is a possibility for the future. The open cast mining of this resource could represent a potential hazard in the form of metalliferous pollution to local water. The population of County Carlow is just under 60,000. The local authority reports that approximately 75.7% of the population's publicly supplied drinking water is abstracted from surface water and 11.6% from groundwater. In total, 12.7% of the population abstract their water from private groundwater wells. Any potential entry of extraneous metals into the area's natural waters will have implications for people in county Carlow. It is the goal of this paper to establish background concentrations of lithium and other metals in the natural waters prior to any mining activity. Our sampling protocol totaled 115 sites along five sampling transects, sampled through 2015. From this dataset, we report a background concentration of dissolved lithium in the natural waters of County Carlow, surface water at x ¯ = 0.02, SD = 0.02 ranging from 0 to 0.091 mg/L and groundwater at x ¯ = 0.023, SD = 0.02 mg/L ranging from 0 to 0.097 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Kavanagh
- EnviroCORE, Department of Science and Health, IT Carlow, Kilkenny road, Co., Carlow R93V960, Ireland.
| | - Jerome Keohane
- EnviroCORE, Department of Science and Health, IT Carlow, Kilkenny road, Co., Carlow R93V960, Ireland.
| | - John Cleary
- EnviroCORE, Department of Science and Health, IT Carlow, Kilkenny road, Co., Carlow R93V960, Ireland.
| | - Guiomar Garcia Cabellos
- EnviroCORE, Department of Science and Health, IT Carlow, Kilkenny road, Co., Carlow R93V960, Ireland.
| | - Andrew Lloyd
- EnviroCORE, Department of Science and Health, IT Carlow, Kilkenny road, Co., Carlow R93V960, Ireland.
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Shahzad B, Mughal MN, Tanveer M, Gupta D, Abbas G. Is lithium biologically an important or toxic element to living organisms? An overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:103-115. [PMID: 27785724 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7898-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Industrialized world is exposing living organisms to different chemicals and metals such as lithium (Li). Due to their use in common household items to industrial applications, it is imperative to examine their bioavailability. Lithium belongs to the group IA and also has wider uses such as in batteries, air conditioners to atomic reactors. Lithium occurs naturally in soil and water, mostly at low concentrations, and enters the food chain. It is not one of the essential minerals though various studies indicate that low levels of Li have beneficial effects on living organisms, whereas high levels expose them to toxicity and related detrimental effects. This review suggests that Li could be biologically important to living organism depending upon its concentration/exposure. Little is known about its biological importance and molecular understanding of its accumulation and mode of action, which might have future implications for Li's long-term effects on living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Shahzad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudassar Niaz Mughal
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Dorin Gupta
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Shahzad B, Tanveer M, Hassan W, Shah AN, Anjum SA, Cheema SA, Ali I. Lithium toxicity in plants: Reasons, mechanisms and remediation possibilities - A review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 107:104-115. [PMID: 27262404 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a naturally occurring element; however, it is one of the non-essential metals for life. Lithium is becoming a serious matter of discussion for the people who do research on trace metals and environmental toxicity in plants. Due to limited information available regarding its mobility from soil to plants, the adverse effects of Li toxicity to plants are still unclear. This article briefly discusses issues around Li, its role and its essentiality in plants and research directions that may assist in inter-disciplinary studies to evaluate the importance of Li's toxicity. Further, potential remediation approaches will also be highlighted in this review. Briefly, Li influenced the growth of plants in both stimulation and reduction ways, depending on the concentration of Li in growth medium. On the negative side, Li reduces the plant growth by interrupting numerous physiological processes and altering metabolism in plant. The contamination of soil by Li is becoming a serious problem, which might be a threat for crop production in the near future. Additionally, lack of considerable information about the tolerance mechanisms of plants further intensifies the situation. Therefore, future research should emphasize in finding prominent and approachable solutions to minimize the entry of Li from its sources (especially from Li batteries) into the soil and food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babar Shahzad
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania Hobart, Australia; College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China.
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, China
| | | | | | - Iftikhar Ali
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Franzaring J, Schlosser S, Damsohn W, Fangmeier A. Regional differences in plant levels and investigations on the phytotoxicity of lithium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 216:858-865. [PMID: 27381873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of lithium (Li) in industrial and energetic applications and the inability to completely recycle the alkali metal will most likely increase anthropogenic emissions and environmental concentrations in the future. Although non-essential to plants, Li(+) is an important ultra-trace element in the animal and human diet and is also used in the treatment of e.g. mental disorders. Most of the lithium is consumed with the drinking water and vegetables, but concentrations in foodstuffs vary with the geochemistry of the element. In order to identify potential risks and to avoid an overmedication due to consumption of Li rich or Li contaminated foods it is advisable to identify background levels and to derive recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs) for the element. Although Germany does not possess large amounts of primary or secondary resources of lithium, geochemical investigations (mineral and ground waters and soils) in this country confirm a wide variation of environmental concentrations with generally higher levels in the southwest. Despite the large number of soil and water data, only very few data exist on lithium concentrations in plants and its phytotoxicity. Within the scope of present study common grassland plant species were sampled in regions of SW-Germany with reportedly high geogenic levels of Li. The data are discussed with regard to literature surveys and existing reference values. Since lithium has phytotoxic effects a greenhouse experiment was performed with different Li salts (LiCl and Li2CO3) and plant species (maize, bean and buckwheat) to derive dose-response relationships for the endpoint shoot growth. While corn growth was not reduced significantly by soil concentrations of 118 ppm, EC50 values in buckwheat were 47 and 16 ppm for lithium derived from LiCl and Li2CO3, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Franzaring
- Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Landschafts- und Pflanzenökologie (320), FG. Pflanzenökologie und Ökotoxikologie, Ökologiezentrum 2, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, D-70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Sonja Schlosser
- Universität Hohenheim, Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaftliche Chemie (710), Emil-Wolff-Straße 12, D-70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Walter Damsohn
- Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Landschafts- und Pflanzenökologie (320), FG. Pflanzenökologie und Ökotoxikologie, Ökologiezentrum 2, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, D-70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Fangmeier
- Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Landschafts- und Pflanzenökologie (320), FG. Pflanzenökologie und Ökotoxikologie, Ökologiezentrum 2, August-von-Hartmann-Str. 3, D-70599, Stuttgart, Germany
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Duff MC, Kuhne WW, Halverson NV, Chang CS, Kitamura E, Hawthorn L, Martinez NE, Stafford C, Milliken CE, Caldwell EF, Stieve-Caldwell E. mRNA Transcript abundance during plant growth and the influence of Li(+) exposure. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 229:262-279. [PMID: 25443852 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) toxicity in plants is, at a minimum, a function of Li(+) concentration, exposure time, species and growth conditions. Most plant studies with Li(+) focus on short-term acute exposures. This study examines short- and long-term effects of Li(+) exposure in Arabidopsis with Li(+) uptake studies and measured shoot mRNA transcript abundance levels in treated and control plants. Stress, pathogen-response and arabinogalactan protein genes were typically more up-regulated in older (chronic, low level) Li(+)-treatment plants and in the much younger plants from acute high-level exposures. The gene regulation behavior of high-level Li(+) resembled prior studies due to its influence on: inositol synthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthases and membrane ion transport. In contrast, chronically-exposed plants had gene regulation responses that were indicative of pathogen, cold, and heavy-metal stress, cell wall degradation, ethylene production, signal transduction, and calcium-release modulation. Acute Li(+) exposure phenocopies magnesium-deficiency symptoms and is associated with elevated expression of stress response genes that could lead to consumption of metabolic and transcriptional energy reserves and the dedication of more resources to cell development. In contrast, chronic Li(+) exposure increases expression signal transduction genes. The identification of new Li(+)-sensitive genes and a gene-based "response plan" for acute and chronic Li(+) exposure are delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Duff
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States.
| | - W W Kuhne
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
| | - N V Halverson
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
| | - C-S Chang
- Integrated Genomics Core, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - E Kitamura
- Integrated Genomics Core, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - L Hawthorn
- Integrated Genomics Core, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, United States
| | - N E Martinez
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States; Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, United States
| | - C Stafford
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States; University of South Carolina Medical School, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - C E Milliken
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
| | - E F Caldwell
- Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, SC 29808, United States
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Xing W, Wu H, Hao B, Liu G. Metal accumulation by submerged macrophytes in eutrophic lakes at the watershed scale. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:6999-7008. [PMID: 23749202 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1854-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Metal concentrations (Al, Ba, Ca, K, Li, Mg, Na, Se, Sr and Ti) in submerged macrophytes and corresponding water and sediments were studied in 24 eutrophic lakes along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (China). Results showed that these eutrophic lakes have high metal concentrations in both water and sediments because of human activities. Average concentrations of Al and Na in tissues of submerged macrophytes were very high in sampled eutrophic lakes. By comparison, Ceratophyllum demersum and Najas marina accumulated more metals (e.g. Ba, Ca, K, Mg, Na, Sr and Ti). Strong positive correlations were found between metal concentrations in tissues of submerged macrophytes, probably because of co-accumulation of metals. The concentrations of Li, Mg, Na and Sr in tissues of submerged macrophytes significantly correlated with their corresponding water values, but not sediment values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xing
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Kalinowska M, Hawrylak-Nowak B, Szymańska M. The influence of two lithium forms on the growth, L-ascorbic acid content and lithium accumulation in lettuce plants. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 152:251-7. [PMID: 23354541 PMCID: PMC3624008 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a trace element that is essential in the human diet due to its importance for health and proper functioning of an organism. However, the biological activity of this metal in crop plants, which are the primary dietary sources of Li, is still poorly understood. The aim of the presented study was to comparatively analyse two Li chemical forms on the growth, as well as the L-ascorbic acid content, the Li accumulation and translocation in butterhead lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata) cv. Justyna. The plants were grown in a nutrient solution enriched with Li in the form of LiCl or LiOH at the following concentrations: 0, 2.5, 20, 50 or 100 mg Li dm(-3). The obtained results indicate that the presence of Li(+) ions in the root environment reduced the yield of edible parts of the lettuce if the Li concentration in a nutrient solution had reached 20 mg Li dm(-3). However, a yield reduction under these conditions was found to be significant only for LiOH. In plants exposed to 50 mg Li dm(-3), both shoot and root fresh weights (FW) significantly decreased, regardless of the supplied Li chemical form. On the other hand, under the lowest LiOH dose, a significant increase in the root FW was noted, suggesting beneficial effects of Li on the growth of lettuce plants. However, applied Li concentrations and forms did not affect the L-ascorbic acid content in the lettuce leaves. Regardless of which Li form was used, Li accumulated mainly in the root tissues. An exception was the higher concentration of this metal in the shoots than in the roots of plants supplied with 100 mg Li dm(-3) in LiCl, and there were almost the same Li concentrations in both examined organs of plants supplied with 100 mg Li dm(-3) in LiOH. The effectiveness of Li translocation from roots to shoots rose with increasing Li concentrations in the growth medium, and this suggests a relatively ready translocation of this metal throughout the plant. Moreover, these results suggest that Li toxicity in lettuce plants is related to a high accumulation of this element in the root and shoot tissues, causing a drastic reduction in the yield, in the presence either of LiCl or LiOH, but not affecting the L-ascorbic acid accumulation in the leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kalinowska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Lublin University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Hawrylak-Nowak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Lublin University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maria Szymańska
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Lublin University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
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