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Ragot H, Gaucher S, Bonnet des Claustres M, Basset J, Boudan R, Battistella M, Bourrat E, Hovnanian A, Titeux M. Citrullinated Histone H3, a Marker for Neutrophil Extracellular Traps, Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developing in Patients with Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2476. [PMID: 39001538 PMCID: PMC11240819 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare severe hereditary skin disease characterized by skin and mucosa fragility, resulting in blister formation. The most severe complication in RDEB patients is the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), leading to premature death. There is a great deal of evidence suggesting a permissive tumor microenvironment (TME) as a driver of SCC development in RDEB patients. In a cohort of RDEB patients, we characterized the immune profiles of RDEB-SCCs and compared them with clinical, histopathological, and prognostic features. RDEB-SCCs were subdivided into four groups based on their occurrence (first onset or recurrences) and grading according to clinical, histopathological parameters of aggressiveness. Thirty-eight SCCs from 20 RDEB patients were analyzed. Five RDEB patients experienced an unfavorable course after the diagnosis of the first SCC, with early recurrence or metastasis, whereas 15 patients developed multiple SCCs without metastasis. High-risk primary RDEB-SCCs showed a higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the tumor microenvironment and an increased proportion of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Additionally, citrullinated histone H3, a marker of NETs, was increased in the serum of RDEB patients with high-risk primary SCC, suggesting that this modified form of histone H3 may serve as a potential blood marker of unfavorable prognosis in RDEB-SCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Ragot
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sonia Gaucher
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Justine Basset
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rose Boudan
- Reference Center for Genodermatoses ("Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée", MAGEC), Saint-Louis Hospital (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), 75010 Paris, France
| | - Maxime Battistella
- Department of Pathology, Saint-Louis Hospital (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Université Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bourrat
- Reference Center for Genodermatoses ("Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée", MAGEC), Saint-Louis Hospital (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), 75010 Paris, France
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
- Department of Genomic Medicine of Rare Diseases, Necker Hospital for Sick Children (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Université Paris Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Matthias Titeux
- Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
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Moodley M, Moodley J, Naicker T. Placental neutrophil reverse trans-migration and maternal serum neutrophil extracellular trap expression in HIV infection co-morbid pre-eclampsia in women of African ancestry. Histochem Cell Biol 2024:10.1007/s00418-024-02298-6. [PMID: 38913117 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and placental neutrophil reverse transmigration (r-TM) are implicated in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE). However, the role of the comorbidity of PE and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in placental neutrophil r-TM and serum NETs remains unknown. Human placental tissue (n = 160) and serum (n = 80) samples were obtained post-ethical approval and divided by pregnancy type and HIV status and across the study population. Immunohistochemistry and morphometry were performed to localize and quantify junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) expression as an inverse marker of neutrophil r-TM within placental villi. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to quantify the concentration of citrullinated histone H3 (cit-H3) as a marker of NETs. GraphPad Prism (version 8.0.2) was used to compare the results, and a p value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The localization of JAM-C was observed on the syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and endothelial cells of placental villi. The immunoexpression of JAM-C was elevated in PE vs. normotensive (N) placentae. In the exchange villi, JAM-C immunoexpression was higher in the N+ve vs. N-ve group. However, in PE comorbid HIV infection, JAM-C expression was lower in the PE+ve vs. PE-ve group. Citrullinated histone-H3 concentration was lower in the N+ve vs. N-ve group but elevated in early-onset PE (EOPE)+ve vs. late-onset PE (LOPE)+ve group. These results indicate that PE and HIV-infected placentae individually express elevated JAM-C, manifesting in less neutrophil r-TM. However, in exchange villi of PE comorbid with HIV infection reduced JAM-C enhances neutrophil r-TM, thus supporting the synergistic effect of PE comorbid with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merantha Moodley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and HIV Research Group, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
- Optics & Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
| | - Jagidesa Moodley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Clinical Medicine, Women's Health and HIV Research Group, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics & Imaging Centre, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa.
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Aslanian-Kalkhoran L, Mehdizadeh A, Aghebati-Maleki L, Danaii S, Shahmohammadi-Farid S, Yousefi M. The role of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in stages, outcomes and pregnancy complications. J Reprod Immunol 2024; 163:104237. [PMID: 38503075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2024.104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the main components of innate immunity to eliminate infectious pathogens. Neutrophils play a role in several stages of the reproductive cycle, and their presence in the female reproductive system is highly regulated, so their function may change during pregnancy. Emerging evidence suggests that neutrophils are important at all stages of pregnancy, from implantation, placentation, and connective tissue regeneration to birth, as well as birth itself. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are defined as extracellular strands of unfolded DNA together with histone complexes and neutrophil granule proteins. NET formation is a new mechanism of these cells for their defense function. These strands containing DNA and antimicrobial peptides were initially recognized as one of the defense mechanisms of neutrophils, but later it was explained that they are involved in a variety of non-infectious diseases. Since the source of inflammation and tissue damage is the irregular activity of neutrophils, it is not surprising that NETosis are associated with a number of inflammatory conditions and diseases. The overexpression of NET components or non-principled NET clearance is associated with the risk of production and activation of autoantibodies, which results in participation in autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorders (SLE, RA), fibrosis, sepsis and other disorders such as vascular diseases, for example, thrombosis and atherosclerosis. Recent published articles have shown the role of neutrophils and extracellular traps (NETs) in pregnancy, childbirth and pregnancy-related diseases. The aim of this study was to identify and investigate the role of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the stages of pregnancy, as well as the complications caused by these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Aslanian-Kalkhoran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Shahla Danaii
- Gynecology Department, Eastern Azerbaijan ACECR ART Centre, Eastern Azerbaijan Branch of ACECR, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Al-Bakri SMR, Magan-Fernandez A, Galindo-Moreno P, O'Valle F, Martin-Morales N, Padial-Molina M, Mesa F. Detection and comparison of neutrophil extracellular traps in tissue samples of peri-implantitis, periodontitis, and healthy patients: A pilot study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024; 26:631-641. [PMID: 38556724 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to detect and compare the tissular expression of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in peri-implant and periodontal samples of patients with peri-implantitis, periodontitis, and controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational study was performed on patients with peri-implantitis, periodontitis, and controls. Peri-implant and/or periodontal clinical examinations were performed on each participant. Tissue samples were collected during tooth/implant extraction for clinical reasons. Electron microscopy analysis, Picro-Sirius red staining, immunohistochemical (CD15), and immunofluorescence (citrullinated H3 and myeloperoxidase) techniques were performed to detect NET-related structures and the degree of connective tissue destruction, between the study groups. RESULTS Sixty-four patients were included in the study: 28 peri-implantitis, 26 periodontitis, and 10 controls, with a total of 51 implants, 26 periodontal teeth, and 10 control teeth. Neutrophil release of nuclear content was observed in transmission electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a greater CD15 expression in both peri-implantitis and periodontitis compared to controls (p < 0.001), and peri-implantitis presented lower levels of connective tissue and collagen compared to both periodontitis (p = 0.044; p < 0.001) and controls (p < 0.001). Immunofluorescence showed greater citH3 expression in peri-implantitis than the one found in both periodontitis (p = 0.003) and controls (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS A greater presence and involvement of neutrophils, as well as a greater connective tissue destruction were observed in cases of peri-implantitis. A higher expression of NET-related markers was found in mucosal samples of peri-implantitis compared to periodontitis and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad Muayad Rasheed Al-Bakri
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- PhD Program in Clinical Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- ibs.GRANADA - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco O'Valle
- ibs.GRANADA - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and IBIMER, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Natividad Martin-Morales
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- ibs.GRANADA - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine and IBIMER, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- PhD Program in Biomedicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Padial-Molina
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- ibs.GRANADA - Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Mesa
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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de Sandes Kimura O, Mozella A, Cobra H, Maciel Saraiva AC, Carvalho de Almendra Freitas EH, Cury Fernandes MB, Matheus Guimarães JA, Defino H, Leal AC. Neutrophil Extracellular Trap-related Biomarkers Are Increased in the Synovial Fluid of Patients With Periprosthetic Joint Infections. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2024; 482:727-733. [PMID: 37882792 PMCID: PMC10937003 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000002891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a major challenge in clinical practice. The role of neutrophils in fighting infection has been increasingly understood, and one mechanism of action of these cells is neutrophil extracellular traps. However, little is known about this process in PJI. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) Are the biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular trap formation (citrullinated histone H3 [H3Cit], cell-free DNA [cf-DNA], and myeloperoxidase [MPO]) increased in the synovial fluid of patients with PJI? (2) What is the diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular trap formation for PJI? METHODS Between May 2020 and March 2021, 43 patients who underwent revision THA or TKA were enrolled in this study. Eleven patients were excluded and 32 patients were categorized into the PJI group (n = 16) or non-PJI group (n = 16) according to the 2018 Second International Consensus Meeting on Musculoskeletal Infection criteria. There were 15 men and 17 women in this study, with a median (range) age of 70 years (60 to 80 years). Twenty-seven patients had TKA and five had THA. We measured cf-DNA, MPO, and H3Cit in synovial fluid. The sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curve were calculated for each biomarker using the Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria as the gold standard for diagnosis and considering a clinical surveillance of 2 years for patients in the non-PJI group. RESULTS Patients with PJI had higher levels of synovial fluid cf-DNA (median [range] 130 ng/µL [18 to 179] versus 2 ng/µL [0 to 6]; p < 0.001), MPO (1436 ng/µL [55 to 3996] versus 0 ng/µL [0 to 393]; p < 0.001), and H3Cit (2115 ng/µL [5 to 2885] versus 3 ng/µL [0 to 87]; p < 0.001) than those in the non-PJI group. In receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, we observed near-perfect performance for all biomarkers evaluated, with an area under the curve of 1 (95% CI 0.9 to 1), 0.98 (95% CI 0.9 to 1), and 0.94 (95% CI 0.8 to 0.99) for cf-DNA, MPO, and H3Cit, respectively. The sensitivity for detecting PJI using synovial fluid was 100% for cf-DNA, 94% for MPO, and 88% for H3Cit. The specificity was 100% for cf-DNA and MPO, and 88% for H3Cit. CONCLUSION Our results show that neutrophils in the periprosthetic microenvironment release neutrophil extracellular traps as part of the bactericidal arsenal to fight infection. These results allow a better understanding of the cellular and molecular processes that occur in this microenvironment, enabling the design of more assertive strategies for identifying new biomarkers and improving the available ones. Novel studies are needed to define whether and how neutrophil extracellular trap-related biomarkers can be useful for diagnosing PJI. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II, diagnostic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu de Sandes Kimura
- Center for Surgery of Hip, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alan Mozella
- Center for Surgery of Knee, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hugo Cobra
- Center for Surgery of Knee, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Helton Defino
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Leal
- Teaching and Research Division, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Li X, Hu L, Naeem A, Xiao S, Yang M, Shang H, Zhang J. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Tumors and Potential Use of Traditional Herbal Medicine Formulations for Its Regulation. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2851-2877. [PMID: 38529365 PMCID: PMC10961241 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s449181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular fibers composed of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and decorated proteins produced by neutrophils. Recently, NETs have been associated with the development of many diseases, including tumors. Herein, we reviewed the correlation between NETs and tumors. In addition, we detailed active compounds from traditional herbal medicine formulations that inhibit NETs, related nanodrug delivery systems, and antibodies that serve as "guiding moieties" to ensure targeted delivery to NETs. Furthermore, we discussed the strategies used by pathogenic microorganisms to evade NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Hu
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Medical Technology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shanghua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongming Shang
- Department of Biochemistry & Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, People’s Republic of China
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Garcia G, Labrouche-Colomer S, Duvignaud A, Clequin E, Dussiau C, Trégouët DA, Malvy D, Prevel R, Zouine A, Pellegrin I, Goret J, Mamani-Matsuda M, Dewitte A, James C. Impaired balance between neutrophil extracellular trap formation and degradation by DNases in COVID-19 disease. J Transl Med 2024; 22:246. [PMID: 38454482 PMCID: PMC10919029 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombo-inflammation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are exacerbated in severe cases of COVID-19, potentially contributing to disease exacerbation. However, the mechanisms underpinning this dysregulation remain elusive. We hypothesised that lower DNase activity may be associated with higher NETosis and clinical worsening in patients with COVID-19. METHODS Biological samples were obtained from hospitalized patients (15 severe, 37 critical at sampling) and 93 non-severe ambulatory cases. Our aims were to compare NET biomarkers, functional DNase levels, and explore mechanisms driving any imbalance concerning disease severity. RESULTS Functional DNase levels were diminished in the most severe patients, paralleling an imbalance between NET markers and DNase activity. DNase1 antigen levels were higher in ambulatory cases but lower in severe patients. DNase1L3 antigen levels remained consistent across subgroups, not rising alongside NET markers. DNASE1 polymorphisms correlated with reduced DNase1 antigen levels. Moreover, a quantitative deficiency in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which primarily express DNase1L3, was observed in critical patients. Analysis of public single-cell RNAseq data revealed reduced DNase1L3 expression in pDCs from severe COVID-19 patient. CONCLUSION Severe and critical COVID-19 cases exhibited an imbalance between NET and DNase functional activity and quantity. Early identification of NETosis imbalance could guide targeted therapies against thrombo-inflammation in COVID-19-related sepsis, such as DNase administration, to avert clinical deterioration. TRIAL REGISTRATION COVERAGE trial (NCT04356495) and COLCOV19-BX study (NCT04332016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Garcia
- Biology of Cardiovascular Disease, INSERM, UMR 1034, Bordeaux University, CHU Haut-Lévêque, 1 Avenue Magellan, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Sylvie Labrouche-Colomer
- Biology of Cardiovascular Disease, INSERM, UMR 1034, Bordeaux University, CHU Haut-Lévêque, 1 Avenue Magellan, 33600, Pessac, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Alexandre Duvignaud
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Etienne Clequin
- CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Inserm ERL1303, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Charles Dussiau
- Biology of Cardiovascular Disease, INSERM, UMR 1034, Bordeaux University, CHU Haut-Lévêque, 1 Avenue Magellan, 33600, Pessac, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - David-Alexandre Trégouët
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Denis Malvy
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, 33076, Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Renaud Prevel
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR 1045, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Atika Zouine
- CNRS, INSERM, TBM-Core, US5, UAR 3427, Flow Cytometry Facility, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Pellegrin
- CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Inserm ERL1303, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Ressources Biologiques, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Goret
- CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Inserm ERL1303, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Immunology and Immunogenetics, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maria Mamani-Matsuda
- CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Inserm ERL1303, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Dewitte
- CNRS, ImmunoConcEpT, UMR 5164, Inserm ERL1303, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Chloe James
- Biology of Cardiovascular Disease, INSERM, UMR 1034, Bordeaux University, CHU Haut-Lévêque, 1 Avenue Magellan, 33600, Pessac, France.
- Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, 33600, Pessac, France.
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Lassnig S, Hennig-Pauka I, Bonilla MC, Mörgelin M, Imker R, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, de Buhr N. Impact of bronchoalveolar lavage from influenza A virus diseased pigs on neutrophil functions and growth of co-infecting pathogenic bacteria. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325269. [PMID: 38449874 PMCID: PMC10914936 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Influenza A viruses (IAVs) infect the respiratory tract of mainly humans, poultry, and pigs. Co-infections with pathogenic lung bacteria are a common event and contribute to the severity of disease progression. Neutrophils are a major cell type of the innate immune system and are rapidly recruited to the site of infection. They have several effector functions to fight invading pathogens such as the secretion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs are known to promote the growth of Pasteurellaceae bacteria, especially if degraded by nucleases. Methods In this study, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from 45 field-infected pigs was analyzed for 1) NET markers, 2) influence on growth of lung bacteria, and 3) impact on neutrophil functions. BALF samples from 21 IAV-positive pigs and 24 lung diseased but IAV-negative pigs were compared. Results Here, we show that neutrophils in the lungs of IAV-positive pigs release vesicular NETs. Several NET markers were increased in the BALF of IAV-positive pigs compared with the BALF from IAV-negative pigs. The amount of NET markers positively correlated with the viral load of the IAV infection. Interestingly, the BALF of IAV-positive pigs enhanced the growth of bacteria belonging to the family of Pasteurellaceae as potential coinfecting bacteria. These effects were weaker with the BALF derived from IAV-negative pigs with other lung infections. The intensity of oxidative burst in neutrophils was significantly decreased by BALF from IAVpositive pigs, indicating impaired antimicrobial activity of neutrophils. Finally, the lung milieu reflected by IAV-positive BALF does not enable neutrophils to kill Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae but rather enhances its growth. Discussion In summary, our data show that an IAV infection is affecting neutrophil functions, in particular the release of NETs and ROS. Furthermore, IAV infection seems to provide growth-enhancing factors for especially coinfecting Pasteurellaceae and reduces the killing efficiency of neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lassnig
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Isabel Hennig-Pauka
- Clinic for Swine, Small Ruminants, Forensic Medicine and Ambulatory Service, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bakum, Germany
| | - Marta C. Bonilla
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Rabea Imker
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole de Buhr
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Wohlsein JC, Meurer M, Mörgelin M, Nessler JN, Flegel T, Schenk HC, Jurina K, Rentmeister K, Fischer A, Gödde T, Baumgärtner W, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Tipold A. Neutrophil extracellular traps in CSF and serum of dogs with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295268. [PMID: 38241272 PMCID: PMC10798544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA), inflammatory dysregulation is driven by neutrophilic granulocytes resulting in purulent leptomeningitis. Neutrophils can generate neutrophil extracellular traps (NET). Uncontrolled NET-formation or impaired NET-clearance evidently cause tissue and organ damage resulting in immune-mediated diseases. The aim of the study was to verify that NET-formation is detectable in ex vivo samples of acute diseased dogs with SRMA by visualizing and measuring NET-markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples. CSF-samples of dogs with acute SRMA (n = 5) and in remission (n = 4) were examined using immunofluorescence (IF)-staining of DNA-histone-1-complexes, myeloperoxidase and citrullinated Histone H3 (H3Cit). Immunogold-labeling of H3Cit and neutrophil elastase followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to determine ultrastructural NET-formation in the CSF of one exemplary dog. H3Cit-levels and DNase-activity were measured in CSF and serum samples using an H3Cit-ELISA and a DNase-activity-assay, respectively in patients with the following diseases: acute SRMA (n = 34), SRMA in remission (n = 4), bacterial encephalitis (n = 3), meningioma with neutrophilic inflammation (n = 4), healthy dogs (n = 6). NET-formation was detectable with IF-staining in n = 3/5 CSF samples of dogs with acute SRMA but were not detectable during remission. Vesicular NET-formation was detectable in one exemplary dog using TEM. DNase-activity was significantly reduced in dogs suffering from acute SRMA compared to healthy control group (p < 0.0001). There were no statistical differences of H3Cit levels in CSF or serum samples of acute diseased dogs compared to dogs under treatment, dogs suffering from meningioma or bacterial encephalitis or the healthy control group. Our findings demonstrate that NET-formation and insufficient NET-clearance possibly drive the immunologic dysregulation and complement the pathogenesis of SRMA. The detection of NETs in SRMA offers many possibilities to explore the aetiopathogenetic influence of this defence mechanism of the innate immune system in infectious and non-infectious canine neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Christian Wohlsein
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marita Meurer
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Research Centre for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Jasmin Nicole Nessler
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Flegel
- Department for Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Kai Rentmeister
- Tieraerztliche Praxis für Neurologie, Small Animal Practice, Dettelbach, Germany
| | - Andrea Fischer
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Research Centre for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrea Tipold
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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10
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Brunnthaler L, Pereyra D, Brenner M, Santol J, Herrmann L, Schrottmaier WC, Pirabe A, Schmuckenschlager A, Kim S, Kern AE, Huber FX, Michels LE, Brostjan C, Salzmann M, Hohensinner P, Kain R, Gruenberger T, Starlinger P, Assinger A. Intrahepatic neutrophil accumulation and extracellular trap formation are associated with posthepatectomy liver failure. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0348. [PMID: 38099865 PMCID: PMC10727591 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) represents a life-threatening complication with limited therapeutic options. Neutrophils play a critical and dynamic role during regeneratory processes, but their role in human liver regeneration is incompletely understood, especially as underlying liver disease, detectable in the majority of patients, critically affects hepatic regeneration. Here we explored intrahepatic neutrophil accumulation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in patients with PHLF and validated the functional relevance of NETs in a murine partial hepatectomy (PHx) model. METHODS We investigated the influx of neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells and the presence of their respective extracellular traps in liver biopsies of 35 patients undergoing hepatectomy (10 patients with PHLF) before and after the initiation of liver regeneration by fluorescence microscopy. In addition, NET formation and neutrophil activation were confirmed by plasma analysis of 99 patients (24 patients with PHLF) before and up to 5 days after surgery. Furthermore, we inhibited NETs via DNase I in a murine PHx model of mice with metabolically induced liver disease. RESULTS We detected rapid intrahepatic neutrophil accumulation, elevated levels of myeloperoxidase release, and NET formation in regenerating human livers, with a significantly higher increase of infiltrating neutrophils and NETs in patients with PHLF. Circulating markers of neutrophil activation, including elastase, myeloperoxidase, and citrullinated histone H3, correlated with markers of liver injury. In a murine PHx model, we showed that the inhibition of NET accelerated hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Patients with PHLF showed accelerated intrahepatic neutrophil infiltration and NET formation, which were associated with liver damage. Further, we identified postsurgical myeloperoxidase levels as predictive markers for adverse outcomes and observed that blocking NETs in a murine PHx model accelerated tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Brunnthaler
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Pereyra
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Miriam Brenner
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Santol
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Surgery, HPB Center, Viennese Health Network, Clinic Favoriten and Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Herrmann
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Waltraud C. Schrottmaier
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anita Pirabe
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schmuckenschlager
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarang Kim
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Emilia Kern
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Xaver Huber
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Emilie Michels
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Department of Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Hohensinner
- Center for Biomedical Research, Division of Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Kain
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gruenberger
- Department of Surgery, HPB Center, Viennese Health Network, Clinic Favoriten and Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Starlinger
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Alice Assinger
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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11
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Guy A, Garcia G, Gourdou-Latyszenok V, Wolff-Trombini L, Josserand L, Kimmerlin Q, Favre S, Kilani B, Marty C, Boulaftali Y, Labrouche-Colomer S, Mansier O, James C. Platelets and neutrophils cooperate to induce increased neutrophil extracellular trap formation in JAK2V617F myeloproliferative neoplasms. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:172-187. [PMID: 37678548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils participate in the pathogenesis of thrombosis through the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Thrombosis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Recent studies have shown an increase in NET formation (NETosis) both in patients with JAK2V617F neutrophils and in mouse models, and reported the participation of NETosis in the pathophysiology of thrombosis in mice. OBJECTIVES This study investigated whether JAK2V617F neutrophils are sufficient to promote thrombosis or whether their cooperation with other blood cell types is necessary. METHODS NETosis was studied in PF4iCre;Jak2V617F/WT mice expressing JAK2V617F in all hematopoietic lineages, as occurs in MPNs, and in MRP8Cre;Jak2V617F/WT mice in which JAK2V617F is expressed only in leukocytes. RESULTS In PF4iCre;Jak2V617F/WT mice, an increase in NETosis and spontaneous lung thrombosis abrogated by DNAse administration were observed. The absence of spontaneous NETosis or lung thrombosis in MRP8Cre;Jak2V617F/WT mice suggested that mutated neutrophils alone are not sufficient to induce thrombosis. Ex vivo experiments demonstrated that JAK2V617F-mutated platelets trigger NETosis by JAK2V617F-mutated neutrophils. Aspirin treatment in PF4iCre;Jak2V617F/WT mice reduced NETosis and reduced lung thrombosis. In cytoreductive-therapy-free patients with MPN treated with aspirin, plasma NET marker concentrations were lower than that in patients with MPN not treated with aspirin. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that JAK2V617F neutrophils alone are not sufficient to promote thrombosis; rather, platelets cooperate with neutrophils to promote NETosis in vivo. A new role for aspirin in thrombosis prevention in MPNs was also identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Guy
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France; Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. https://twitter.com/Alexandreguy6
| | - Geoffrey Garcia
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France. https://twitter.com/GeofGarciaVirginie
| | - Virginie Gourdou-Latyszenok
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France. https://twitter.com/GourdouV
| | - Laura Wolff-Trombini
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France. https://twitter.com/TrombiniWolff
| | - Lara Josserand
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France
| | - Quentin Kimmerlin
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon Favre
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France
| | - Badr Kilani
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France
| | - Caroline Marty
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, UMR1287, University of Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yacine Boulaftali
- Paris Diderot University, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche_S1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Labrouche-Colomer
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France; Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Olivier Mansier
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France; Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France
| | - Chloé James
- University of Bordeaux, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Biologie des maladies cardio-vasculaires, U1034, Pessac, France; Laboratory of Hematology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France.
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12
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Alhabibi AM, Wahab MA, Sakr AK, Abd El-Hamid SM, Zakaria MY, Althoqapy AA, El Sayed HME, Kasim SA, Ibrahim HF, Saleh OI, Ahmed HA, Sayed AH, Lotfy M. The Diagnostic Utility of Natural Killer Cell Subsets in Deep Vein Thrombosis. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2023; 19:779-787. [PMID: 38025520 PMCID: PMC10680478 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s430466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Natural killer (NK) cells are important components of adaptive and innate immune responses. NK cell subsets have different functions and may play a role in vascular disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the proportions of NK cells and their subsets to determine whether they can be used as markers of venous thrombosis and to identify whether there was a link between NK cell proportion and citrullinated histone (H3) levels. Patients and Methods This study included 100 participants divided into Group I (n=50, patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT)) and Group II (n=50, age- and sex-matched healthy controls). Group I was further categorized into Group Ia (n=25, patients with acute DVT) and Group Ib (n=25, patients with chronic DVT). The proportions of NK cells and their subsets were evaluated by flow cytometry using CD3/CD16/CD56. The levels of citrullinated histones (H3) were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared to the control group, DVT patients had a significantly lower proportion of (CD56 dim/CD16+) NK cells, a significantly higher proportion of (CD56-/CD16+) NK cells and a high level of citrullinated histone (H3). Conclusion NK cell subsets and citrullinated histone (H3) could be used as markers for DVT and as targets for therapeutic drugs to inhibit the formation or progression of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaymaa M Alhabibi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maisa A Wahab
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khairy Sakr
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samar M Abd El-Hamid
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Yahia Zakaria
- Department of Vascular and EndoVascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza Ali Althoqapy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sammar Ahmed Kasim
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan F Ibrahim
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola I Saleh
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Howida A Ahmed
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alaa H Sayed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Lotfy
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya, Egypt
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13
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Frade-Sosa B, Sanmartí R. Neutrophils, neutrophil extracellular traps, and rheumatoid arthritis: An updated review for clinicians. REUMATOLOGIA CLINICA 2023; 19:515-526. [PMID: 37867028 DOI: 10.1016/j.reumae.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of autoantibodies. Research on the pathogenic mechanisms involved in systemic autoimmune diseases has largely focused on the involvement of the adaptive immune system with dysregulated responses of T and B cells. However, in recent years, there is increasing evidence of the significant role played by the innate immune system, particularly neutrophils, in these diseases, particularly in RA. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular structures composed of remodeled and concentrated chromatin with DNA, histones, and neutrophil proteins, and were first described in 2004. It has been studied that NETs may play a pathogenic role in RA and could be a source of autoantigens, increasing the immune response in the form of autoantibodies in this disease. The possible role of NETs and other markers of neutrophil activation as biomarkers of activity in RA and other immune-mediated diseases has also been studied. This article reviews the role of NETs in RA. It discusses the role of neutrophils and the latest advances in NETs, especially their involvement in autoimmune phenomena in RA. Finally, a literature review is conducted on the determination of NETs in peripheral blood and their relationship as a biomarker of RA activity, as well as their potential role in disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Frade-Sosa
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Raimon Sanmartí
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Rungratanawanich W, Ballway JW, Wang X, Won KJ, Hardwick JP, Song BJ. Post-translational modifications of histone and non-histone proteins in epigenetic regulation and translational applications in alcohol-associated liver disease: Challenges and research opportunities. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108547. [PMID: 37838219 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is a process that takes place through adaptive cellular pathways influenced by environmental factors and metabolic changes to modulate gene activity with heritable phenotypic variations without altering the DNA sequences of many target genes. Epigenetic regulation can be facilitated by diverse mechanisms: many different types of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone and non-histone nuclear proteins, DNA methylation, altered levels of noncoding RNAs, incorporation of histone variants, nucleosomal positioning, chromatin remodeling, etc. These factors modulate chromatin structure and stability with or without the involvement of metabolic products, depending on the cellular context of target cells or environmental stimuli, such as intake of alcohol (ethanol) or Western-style high-fat diets. Alterations of epigenetics have been actively studied, since they are frequently associated with multiple disease states. Consequently, explorations of epigenetic regulation have recently shed light on the pathogenesis and progression of alcohol-associated disorders. In this review, we highlight the roles of various types of PTMs, including less-characterized modifications of nuclear histone and non-histone proteins, in the epigenetic regulation of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and other disorders. We also describe challenges in characterizing specific PTMs and suggest future opportunities for basic and translational research to prevent or treat ALD and many other disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiramon Rungratanawanich
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jacob W Ballway
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kyoung-Jae Won
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, 90069, USA
| | - James P Hardwick
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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15
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Jonasdottir AD, Manojlovic M, Vojinovic J, Nordin A, Bruchfeld A, Gunnarsson I, Mobarrez F, Antovic A. Augmented thrombin formation is related to circulating levels of extracellular vesicles exposing tissue factor and citrullinated histone-3 in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1240325. [PMID: 37915326 PMCID: PMC10616855 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1240325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To study circulating myeloperoxidase (MPO)-positive extracellular vesicles (MPO+EVs) exposing citrullinated histone-3 (H3Cit), tissue factor (TF), and plasminogen (Plg) in association to thrombin generation in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). Methods We have involved well-characterized patients with AAV together with population-based controls. Flow cytometry was used to assess the levels of MPO+EVs in citrated plasma. MPO+EVs were phenotyped by anti-MPO-antibodies together with anti-CD142 (anti-TF), anti-H3Cit, and anti-Plg antibodies. A modified Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) assay was utilized to measure thrombin generation in plasma initiated by EVs-enriched pellets. The activity of AAV was evaluated with the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Results This study comprised 46 AAV patients, 23 in the active stage of the disease and 23 in remission, as well as 23 age- and sex matched population-based controls. Augmented levels of all investigated MPO+ EVs were found in active AAV patients in comparison to the subgroup of patients in remission and controls. Thrombin generation, measured by endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and peak of thrombin formation, was higher in plasma when triggered by EVs-enriched pellet from AAV patients. ETP and peak were associated with the levels of MPO+TF+ and MPO+H3Cit+ EVs. Additionally, MPO+TF+ EVs correlated with the disease activity evaluated with BVAS. Conclusion Augmented thrombin generation is found in AAV patients regardless of disease activity and is associated with higher exposure of TF and H3Cit on MPO+EVs. This may contribute to the increased risk of thrombosis seen in AAV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Dogg Jonasdottir
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Milena Manojlovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vojinovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia
| | - Annica Nordin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annette Bruchfeld
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Aleksandra Antovic
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Riehl DR, Sharma A, Roewe J, Murke F, Ruppert C, Eming SA, Bopp T, Kleinert H, Radsak MP, Colucci G, Subramaniam S, Reinhardt C, Giebel B, Prinz I, Guenther A, Strand D, Gunzer M, Waisman A, Ward PA, Ruf W, Schäfer K, Bosmann M. Externalized histones fuel pulmonary fibrosis via a platelet-macrophage circuit of TGFβ1 and IL-27. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2215421120. [PMID: 37756334 PMCID: PMC10556605 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2215421120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Externalized histones erupt from the nucleus as extracellular traps, are associated with several acute and chronic lung disorders, but their implications in the molecular pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease are incompletely defined. To investigate the role and molecular mechanisms of externalized histones within the immunologic networks of pulmonary fibrosis, we studied externalized histones in human and animal bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples of lung fibrosis. Neutralizing anti-histone antibodies were administered in bleomycin-induced fibrosis of C57BL/6 J mice, and subsequent studies used conditional/constitutive knockout mouse strains for TGFβ and IL-27 signaling along with isolated platelets and cultured macrophages. We found that externalized histones (citH3) were significantly (P < 0.01) increased in cell-free BAL fluids of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; n = 29) as compared to healthy controls (n = 10). The pulmonary sources of externalized histones were Ly6G+CD11b+ neutrophils and nonhematopoietic cells after bleomycin in mice. Neutralizing monoclonal anti-histone H2A/H4 antibodies reduced the pulmonary collagen accumulation and hydroxyproline concentration. Histones activated platelets to release TGFβ1, which signaled through the TGFbRI/TGFbRII receptor complex on LysM+ cells to antagonize macrophage-derived IL-27 production. TGFβ1 evoked multiple downstream mechanisms in macrophages, including p38 MAPK, tristetraprolin, IL-10, and binding of SMAD3 to the IL-27 promotor regions. IL-27RA-deficient mice displayed more severe collagen depositions suggesting that intact IL-27 signaling limits fibrosis. In conclusion, externalized histones inactivate a safety switch of antifibrotic, macrophage-derived IL-27 by boosting platelet-derived TGFβ1. Externalized histones are accessible to neutralizing antibodies for improving the severity of experimental pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis R. Riehl
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Arjun Sharma
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02118
- Mainz Research School of Translational Biomedicine (TransMed), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Julian Roewe
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Florian Murke
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45122, Germany
| | - Clemens Ruppert
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen35392, Germany
| | - Sabine A. Eming
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne50931, Germany
| | - Tobias Bopp
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Hartmut Kleinert
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Markus P. Radsak
- Mainz Research School of Translational Biomedicine (TransMed), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Third Department of Medicine – Hematology, Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Colucci
- Outer Corelab, Viollier AG, Allschwil4123, Switzerland
- Department of Hematology, University of Basel, Basel4031, Switzerland
| | - Saravanan Subramaniam
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02118
| | - Christoph Reinhardt
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45122, Germany
| | - Immo Prinz
- Institute for Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover30625, Germany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen35392, Germany
| | - Dennis Strand
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen45122, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Analytical Sciences -ISAS- e.V., Dortmund44139, Germany
| | - Ari Waisman
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Peter A. Ward
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor48109, MI
| | - Wolfram Ruf
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Katrin Schäfer
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
| | - Markus Bosmann
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02118
- Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz55131, Germany
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Shu Q, Zhang N, Liu Y, Wang X, Chen J, Xie H, Pan F, Zhao L, Ding X, Wen Y, Wang L, Xie W, Lu J, Su G, Peng H, Yang P. IL-8 Triggers Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Through an Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase- and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway-Dependent Mechanism in Uveitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:19. [PMID: 37824136 PMCID: PMC10587853 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.13.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the mechanism underlying IL-8-induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in patients with ocular-active Behçet's disease (BD) and the effect of inhibiting NET formation on the severity of inflammation in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) mice. Methods The serum extracellular DNA and neutrophil elastase (NE) and IL-8 levels in patients with ocular-active BD, the expression of myeloperoxidase, NE, and histone H3Cit in IL-8-induced neutrophils isolated from healthy controls, and the effects of NETs on HMC3 cells were detected. Female C57BL/6J mice were immunized with IRBP651-670 to induce EAU and EAU mice received intravitreal injection of the CXCR2 (IL-8 receptor) antagonist SB225002 or PBS. The serum levels of extracellular DNA, NE, and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (the mouse ortholog of human IL-8) and expression of myeloperoxidase, NE, and histone H3Cit in mouse retinas were detected. Disease severity was evaluated by clinical and histopathological scores. Results Serum keratinocyte-derived chemokine expression levels in EAU mice and IL-8 expression levels in patients with ocular-active BD increased. IL-8 notably increased NET formation in a dose-dependent manner through an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway dependent mechanism. IL-8-induced NET formation damaged HMC3 cells in vitro. Pretreatment with SB225002 notably ameliorated the production of NETs in EAU mice. Conclusions Our data confirm that NET formation is induced by IL-8. IL-8-induced NET formation was found to be related to mitogen-activated protein kinase and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate pathways. Pretreatment with the CXCR2 antagonist SB225002 alleviated neutrophil infiltration and suppressed NET formation in EAU mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxin Shu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuying Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuanheng Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Wen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingda Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenxi Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Chongqing, China
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Hayden H, Klopf J, Ibrahim N, Knöbl V, Sotir A, Mekis R, Nowikovsky K, Eilenberg W, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. Quantitation of oxidized nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in plasma samples of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 206:94-105. [PMID: 37353175 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that pro-inflammatory features are inherent to mitochondrial DNA and oxidized DNA species. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) is the most frequently studied oxidatively generated lesion. Modified DNA reaches the circulation upon cell apoptosis, necrosis or neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. Standard chromatography-based techniques for the assessment of 8-oxodGuo imply degradation of DNA to a single base level, thus precluding the attribution to a nuclear or mitochondrial origin. We therefore aimed to establish a protocol for the concomitant assessment of oxidized mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from human plasma samples. We applied immunoprecipitation (IP) for 8-oxodGuo to separate oxidized from non-oxidized DNA species and subsequent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to assign them to their subcellular source. The IP procedure failed when applied directly to plasma samples, i.e. isotype control precipitated similar amounts of DNA as the specific 8-oxodGuo antibody. In contrast, DNA isolation from plasma prior to the IP process provided assay specificity with little impact on DNA oxidation status. We further optimized sensitivity and efficiency of qPCR analysis by reducing amplicon length and targeting repetitive nuclear DNA elements. When the established protocol was applied to plasma samples of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients and control subjects, the AAA cohort displayed significantly elevated circulating non-oxidized and total nuclear DNA and a trend for increased levels of oxidized mitochondrial DNA. An enrichment of mitochondrial versus nuclear DNA within the oxidized DNA fraction was seen for AAA patients. Regarding the potential source of circulating DNA, we observed a significant correlation of markers of neutrophil activation and NET formation with nuclear DNA, independent of oxidation status. Thus, the established method provides a tool to detect and distinguish the release of oxidized nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in human plasma and offers a refined biomarker to monitor disease conditions of pro-inflammatory cell and tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Hayden
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Klopf
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Knöbl
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Sotir
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ronald Mekis
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Nowikovsky
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and University Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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García-Bengoa M, Meurer M, Goethe R, Singh M, Reljic R, von Köckritz-Blickwede M. Role of phagocyte extracellular traps during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections and tuberculosis disease processes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:983299. [PMID: 37492257 PMCID: PMC10365110 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.983299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infections remain one of the most significant causes of mortality worldwide. The current situation shows an emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains making it difficult to control the tuberculosis (TB) disease. A large part of its success as a pathogen is due to its ability to persist for years or even decades without causing evident clinical manifestations. M.tb is highly successful in evading the host-defense by manipulating host-signalling pathways. Although macrophages are generally viewed as the key cell type involved in harboring M.tb, growing evidence shows that neutrophils also play a fundamental role. Both cells are known to act in multiple ways when encountering an invading pathogen, including phagocytosis, release of cytokines and chemokines, and oxidative burst. In addition, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and macrophage extracellular traps (METs) has been described to contribute to M.tb infections. NETs/METs are extracellular DNA fibers with associated granule components, which are released upon activation of the cells by the pathogen or by pro-inflammatory mediators. On one hand, they can lead to a protective immune response by entrapment and killing of pathogens. However, on the other hand, they can also play a severe pathological role by inducing tissue damage. Extracellular traps (ETs) produced in the pulmonary alveoli can expand easily and expose tissue-damaging factors with detrimental effects. Since host-directed therapies offer a complementary strategy in TB, the knowledge of NET/MET formation is important for understanding potential protective versus detrimental pathways during innate immune signaling. In this review, we summarize the progress made in understanding the role of NETs/METs in the pathogenesis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- María García-Bengoa
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marita Meurer
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralph Goethe
- Institute for Microbiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mahavir Singh
- LIONEX Diagnostics and Therapeutics GmbH, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rajko Reljic
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Institute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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20
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Ramotowski B, Undas A, Budaj A. Altered platelet reactivity, coagulation, endothelial and inflammatory markers early after smoking cessation verified with cotinine plasma concentration. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023:10.1007/s11239-023-02819-5. [PMID: 37138182 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking is a potent modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, little is known about alterations to prothrombotic state and platelet reactivity early after smoking cessation following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). PURPOSE We investigated alterations to platelet reactivity, coagulation and markers of platelet, endothelial, inflammatory and coagulation activation in clopidogrel-treated patients with CAD after PCI before and after smoking cessation. METHODS Smoking patients aged 18 years or older at least 30 days after PCI were recruited and encouraged to quit the habit. At baseline and at 30 days, we measured platelet reactivity with VerifyNow system, thrombomodulin, P-selectin, platelet factor 4 (CXCL4/PF4), citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit) and cotinine level. RESULTS Among 117 patients, 84 patients (72%) at a median age of 60.5 years (40 [interquartile range 30-47] pack-years) completed a 30-day follow-up. At day 30, 30 (35.7%) patients stopped smoking with cotinine level < 50 ng/ml. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. In smoking quitters a change in platelet reactivity was larger (Δ platelet reactivity units (PRU) 19 [2, 43] vs. -6 [-32, 37], p = 0.018), along with a change in P-selectin concentration (-11.82 [-23.62, 1.34] vs. 7.19 [-14.24, 17.19] ng/ml, p = 0.005). Positive correlations was noticed between cotinine and both P-selectin ( r = 0.23, p = 0.045) and CXCL4 (r = 0.27, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION After smoking cessation in CAD patients following PCI an increase in platelet reactivity and a decrease in P-selectin levels were observed. The risk of thrombotic complications post PCI might be paradoxically enhanced among patients who stopped smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogumił Ramotowski
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anetta Undas
- Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Budaj
- Department of Cardiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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21
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Alhabibi AM, Hassan AS, Abd Elbaky NM, Eid HA, Khalifa MAAA, Wahab MA, Althoqapy AA, Abdou AE, Zakaria DM, Nassef EM, Kasim SA, Saleh OI, Elsheikh AA, Lotfy M, Sayed A. Impact of Toll-Like Receptor 2 and 9 Gene Polymorphisms on COVID-19: Susceptibility, Severity, and Thrombosis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:665-675. [PMID: 36825132 PMCID: PMC9942505 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s394927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Aim We aimed to detect the association between TLR2 rs5743708 G>A and TLR9 rs5743836 C>T variants and COVID-19 disease susceptibility, severity, and thrombosis by using neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Subjects and Methods We included 100 adult COVID-19 patients as well as 100 age- and gender-matched normal controls. Participants were genotyped for TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR9 rs5743836. Citrullinated Histone (H3) was detected as an indicator of NETs. Results The mutant (G/A and C/C) genotypes and (A and C) alleles of TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR9 rs5743836, respectively, have been significantly related to a higher risk of COVID-19 infection, representing a significant risk factor for the severity of COVID-19. There was no significant association between the two variants and citrullinated histone (H3). Conclusion TLR2 rs5743708 and TLR9 rs5743836 variants have been significantly related to a higher risk and severity of COVID-19 infection but had no effect on thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alshaymaa M Alhabibi
- Departments of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt,Correspondence: Alshaymaa M Alhabibi, Tel +201002894075, Email
| | - Asmaa S Hassan
- Departments of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hoda Asaad Eid
- Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Maisa A Wahab
- Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza Ali Althoqapy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aml E Abdou
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Eman Mostafa Nassef
- Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sammar Ahmed Kasim
- Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola I Saleh
- Radio-Diagnosis, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Abdelghany Elsheikh
- Community and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Lotfy
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Minufiya, Egypt
| | - Alaa Sayed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Equine Muscle Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Loaded with Water-Soluble Curcumin: Modulation of Neutrophil Activation and Enhanced Protection against Intracellular Oxidative Attack. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021030. [PMID: 36674546 PMCID: PMC9865820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the antioxidant potential of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from muscle microbiopsies (mdMSCs), loaded by a water-soluble curcumin lysinate incorporated into hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (NDS27). The cell loading was rapid and dependent on NDS27 dosage (14, 7, 3.5 and 1 µM). The immunomodulatory capacity of loaded mdMSCs was evaluated by ROS production, on active and total myeloperoxidase (MPO) degranulation and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation after neutrophil stimulation. The intracellular protection of loaded cells was tested by an oxidative stress induced by cumene hydroperoxide. Results showed that 10 min of mdMSC loading with NDS27 did not affect their viability while reducing their metabolism. NDS27 loaded cells in presence of 14, 7 µM NDS27 inhibited more intensively the ROS production, the activity of the MPO released and bound to the NET after neutrophil stimulation. Furthermore, loaded cells powerfully inhibited intracellular ROS production induced by cumene as compared to control cells or cyclodextrin-loaded cells. Our results showed that the loading of mdMSCs with NDS27 significantly improved their antioxidant potential against the oxidative burst of neutrophil and protected them against intracellular ROS production. The improved antioxidant protective capacity of loaded mdMSCs could be applied to target inflammatory foci involving neutrophils.
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23
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Tsoneva DK, Ivanov MN, Conev NV, Manev R, Stoyanov DS, Vinciguerra M. Circulating Histones to Detect and Monitor the Progression of Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24020942. [PMID: 36674455 PMCID: PMC9860657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24020942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsies have emerged as a minimally invasive cancer detection and monitoring method, which could identify cancer-related alterations in nucleosome or histone levels and modifications in blood, saliva, and urine. Histones, the core component of the nucleosome, are essential for chromatin compaction and gene expression modulation. Increasing evidence suggests that circulating histones and histone complexes, originating from cell death or immune cell activation, could act as promising biomarkers for cancer detection and management. In this review, we provide an overview of circulating histones as a powerful liquid biopsy approach and methods for their detection. We highlight current knowledge on circulating histones in hematologic malignancies and solid cancer, with a focus on their role in cancer dissemination, monitoring, and tumorigenesis. Last, we describe recently developed strategies to identify cancer tissue-of-origin in blood plasma based on nucleosome positioning, inferred from nucleosomal DNA fragmentation footprint, which is independent of the genetic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desislava K. Tsoneva
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Martin N. Ivanov
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Vladimirov Conev
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, UMHAT “St. Marina”, 1 “Hristo Smirnenski” Blvd., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Rostislav Manev
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, UMHAT “St. Marina”, 1 “Hristo Smirnenski” Blvd., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Dragomir Svetozarov Stoyanov
- Clinic of Medical Oncology, UMHAT “St. Marina”, 1 “Hristo Smirnenski” Blvd., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Transplantology, Research Institute, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
- Correspondence:
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Zhao Z, Pan Z, Zhang S, Ma G, Zhang W, Song J, Wang Y, Kong L, Du G. Neutrophil extracellular traps: A novel target for the treatment of stroke. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 241:108328. [PMID: 36481433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a threatening cerebrovascular disease caused by thrombus with high morbidity and mortality rates. Neutrophils are the first to be recruited in the brain after stroke, which aggravate brain injury through multiple mechanisms. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), as a novel regulatory mechanism of neutrophils, can trap bacteria and secret antimicrobial molecules, thereby degrading pathogenic factors and killing bacteria. However, NETs also exacerbate certain non-infectious diseases by activating autoimmune or inflammatory responses. NETs have been found to play important roles in the pathological process of stroke in recent years. In this review, the mechanisms of NETs formation, the physiological roles of NETs, and the dynamic changes of NETs after stroke are summarized. NETs participate in stroke through various mechanisms. NETs promote the coagulation cascade and interact with platelets to induce thrombosis. tPA induces the degranulation of neutrophils to form NETs, leading to hemorrhagic transformation and thrombolytic resistance. NETs aggravate stroke by mediating inflammation, atherosclerosis and vascular injury. In addition, the regulation of NETs in stroke, the potential of NETs as biomarker and the treatment of stroke targeting NETs are discussed. The increasing evidences suggest that NETs may be a potential target for stroke treatment. Inhibition of NETs formation or promotion of NETs degradation plays protective effects in stroke. However, how to avoid the adverse effects of NETs-targeted therapy deserves further study. In summary, this review provides a reference for the pathogenesis, drug targets, biomarkers and drug development of NETs in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zirong Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Guodong Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Junke Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yuehua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Linglei Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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25
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Zhang Y, Song J, Zhang Y, Li T, Peng J, Zhou H, Zong Z. Emerging Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010334. [PMID: 36613779 PMCID: PMC9820455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are extracellular fibrous networks consisting of depolymerized chromatin DNA skeletons with a variety of antimicrobial proteins. They are secreted by activated neutrophils and play key roles in host defense and immune responses. Gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies are globally known for their high mortality and morbidity. Increasing research suggests that NETs contribute to the progression and metastasis of digestive tract tumors, among them gastric, colon, liver, and pancreatic cancers. This article explores the formation of NETs and reviews the role that NETs play in the gastrointestinal oncologic microenvironment, tumor proliferation and metastasis, tumor-related thrombosis, and surgical stress. At the same time, we analyze the qualitative and quantitative detection methods of NETs in recent years and found that NETs are specific markers of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Then, we explore the possibility of NET inhibitors for the treatment of digestive tract tumor diseases to provide a new, efficient, and safe solution for the future therapy of gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- HuanKui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- Queen Marry College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Ting Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Haonan Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- Queen Marry College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence:
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26
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Methods for the Assessment of NET Formation: From Neutrophil Biology to Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415823. [PMID: 36555464 PMCID: PMC9781911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated that a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, apart from its role in host defense, can contribute to or drive pathogenesis in a wide range of inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Therefore, NETs may serve as a therapeutic target or/and a diagnostic tool. Here, we compare the most commonly used techniques for the assessment of NET formation. Furthermore, we review recent data from the literature on the application of basic laboratory tools for detecting NET release and discuss the challenges and the advantages of these strategies in NET evaluation. Taken together, we provide some important insights into the qualitative and quantitative molecular analysis of NETs in translational medicine today.
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27
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Matta B, Battaglia J, Barnes BJ. Detection of neutrophil extracellular traps in patient plasma: method development and validation in systemic lupus erythematosus and healthy donors that carry IRF5 genetic risk. Front Immunol 2022; 13:951254. [PMID: 35958624 PMCID: PMC9360330 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures extruded by neutrophils after activation or in response to microorganisms. These extracellular structures are decondensed chromatin fibers loaded with antimicrobial granular proteins, peptides, and enzymes. NETs clear microorganisms, thus keeping a check on infections at an early stage, but if dysregulated, may be self-destructive to the body. Indeed, NETs have been associated with autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), psoriasis, and gout. More recently, increased NETs associate with COVID-19 disease severity. While there are rigorous and reliable methods to quantify NETs from neutrophils via flow cytometry and immunofluorescence, the accurate quantification of NETs in patient plasma or serum remains a challenge. Here, we developed new methodologies for the quantification of NETs in patient plasma using multiplex ELISA and immunofluorescence methodology. Plasma from patients with SLE, non-genotyped healthy controls, and genotyped healthy controls that carry either the homozygous risk or non-risk IRF5-SLE haplotype were used in this study. The multiplex ELISA using antibodies detecting myeloperoxidase (MPO), citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) and DNA provided reliable detection of NETs in plasma samples from SLE patients and healthy donors that carry IRF5 genetic risk. An immunofluorescence smear assay that utilizes only 1 µl of patient plasma provided similar results and data correlate to multiplex ELISA findings. The immunofluorescence smear assay is a relatively simple, inexpensive, and quantifiable method of NET detection for small volumes of patient plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharati Matta
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jenna Battaglia
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Betsy J. Barnes
- Center for Autoimmune Musculoskeletal and Hematopoietic Diseases, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Departments of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Betsy J. Barnes,
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28
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Janssen P, Tosi I, Hego A, Maréchal P, Marichal T, Radermecker C. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are Found in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluids of Horses With Severe Asthma and Correlate With Asthma Severity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:921077. [PMID: 35911691 PMCID: PMC9326094 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.921077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma encompasses a spectrum of heterogenous immune-mediated respiratory disorders sharing a similar clinical pattern characterized by cough, wheeze and exercise intolerance. In horses, equine asthma can be subdivided into severe or moderate asthma according to clinical symptoms and the extent of airway neutrophilic inflammation. While severe asthmatic horses are characterized by an elevated neutrophilic inflammation of the lower airways, cough, dyspnea at rest and high mucus secretion, horses with moderate asthma show a milder neutrophilic inflammation, exhibit intolerance to exercise but no labored breathing at rest. Yet, the physiopathology of different phenotypes of equine asthma remains poorly understood and there is a need to elucidate the underlying mechanisms tailoring those phenotypes in order to improve clinical management and elaborate novel therapeutic strategies. In this study, we sought to quantify the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) of moderate or severe asthmatic horses and healthy controls, and assessed whether NETs correlated with disease severity. To this end, we evaluated the amounts of NETs by measuring cell-free DNA and MPO-DNA complexes in BALF supernatants or by quantifying NETs release by BALF cells by confocal microscopy. We were able to unequivocally identify elevated NETs levels in BALF of severe asthmatic horses as compared to healthy controls or moderate asthmatic horses. Moreover, we provided evidence that BALF NETs release was a specific feature seen in severe equine asthma, as opposed to moderate asthma, and correlated with disease severity. Finally, we showed that NETs could act as a predictive factor for severe equine asthma. Our study thus uniquely identifies NETs in BALF of severe asthmatic horses using three distinct methods and supports the idea that moderate and severe equine asthma do not rely on strictly similar pathophysiological mechanisms. Our data also suggest that NETs represent a relevant biomarker, a putative driver and a potential therapeutic target in severe asthma disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Janssen
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Irene Tosi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Hego
- In Vitro Imaging Platform, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pauline Maréchal
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
| | - Coraline Radermecker
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, Liège, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Coraline Radermecker,
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29
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Gu J, Ran X, Deng J, Zhang A, Peng G, Du J, Wen D, Jiang B, Xia F. Glycyrrhizin alleviates sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome via suppressing of HMGB1/TLR9 pathways and neutrophils extracellular traps formation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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30
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Fingerhut L, Yücel L, Strutzberg-Minder K, von Köckritz-Blickwede M, Ohnesorge B, de Buhr N. Ex Vivo and In Vitro Analysis Identify a Detrimental Impact of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps on Eye Structures in Equine Recurrent Uveitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:830871. [PMID: 35251020 PMCID: PMC8896353 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is a common ocular disease of horses and described as a model for human autoimmune uveitis. This immune-mediated, inflammatory condition progressively destroys the eye, ultimately leading to blindness. Genetic and autoimmune factors, next to infections with Leptospira, are discussed as key factors in the pathogenesis. Furthermore, a release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by activated neutrophils is involved. NETs are composed of decondensed chromatin and proteins that can immobilize invading pathogens. However, if NETs accumulate, they can contribute to detrimental autoimmune processes. Thus, we aimed to investigate the impact of NETs in ERU patients. Therefore, we quantified several NET-markers (cell-free DNA, nucleosomes, citrullinated histone H3, histone-myeloperoxidase complexes, interleukin-17, equine cathelicidin 1 and DNase I activity) and NET-autoantibodies in sera and vitreous body fluids (VBF) of ERU-diseased horses and correlated the data with the disease status (signalment, ERU scores and Leptospira infection status). NET markers were detected to varying degrees in VBF of diseased horses, and partially correlated to disease severity and the presence of Leptospira spp. Cell-free DNA and nucleosomes as NET markers correlate with ERU severity in total and VBF scores, despite the presence of active DNases. Additionally, a significant correlation between fundus affection in the eye and NET autoantibodies was detectable. Therefore, we further investigated the influence of VBF samples from equine patients and isolated NETs on the blood-retina barrier in a cell culture model. VBF of diseased horses significantly induced cytotoxicity in retinal pigment epithelial cells. Moreover, partially digested NETs also resulted in cytotoxic effects. In the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the main component of the leptospiral surface, both undigested and completely digested NETs were cytotoxic. Correlations between the ERU-scores and Leptospira were also calculated. Detection of leptospiral DNA, and antibody titers of the serovar Grippotyphosa correlated with disease severity. In addition, a correlation between Leptospira and several NET markers was observed in VBF. Altogether, our findings suggest a positive correlation between NET markers with disease severity and involvement of Leptospira in the VBF of ERU-diseased horses, as well as a cytotoxic effect of NETs in eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Fingerhut
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Leyla Yücel
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Maren von Köckritz-Blickwede
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ohnesorge
- Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole de Buhr
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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31
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Rosell A, Martinod K, Mackman N, Thålin C. Neutrophil extracellular traps and cancer-associated thrombosis. Thromb Res 2022; 213 Suppl 1:S35-S41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Prével R, Dupont A, Labrouche-Colomer S, Garcia G, Dewitte A, Rauch A, Goutay J, Caplan M, Jozefowicz E, Lanoix JP, Poissy J, Rivière E, Orieux A, Malvy D, Gruson D, Garçon L, Susen S, James C. Plasma Markers of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Are Linked to Survival but Not to Pulmonary Embolism in COVID-19-Related ARDS Patients. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851497. [PMID: 35371025 PMCID: PMC8968169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recent data suggest a role for neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in COVID-19-related lung damage partly due to microthrombus formation. Besides, pulmonary embolism (PE) is frequent in severe COVID-19 patients, suggesting that immunothrombosis could also be responsible for increased PE occurrence in these patients. Here, we evaluate whether plasma levels of NET markers measured shorty after admission of hospitalized COVID-19 patients are associated with clinical outcomes in terms of clinical worsening, survival, and PE occurrence. Patients and Methods Ninety-six hospitalized COVID-19 patients were included, 50 with ARDS (severe disease) and 46 with moderate disease. We collected plasma early after admission and measured 3 NET markers: total DNA, myeloperoxidase (MPO)–DNA complexes, and citrullinated histone H3. Comparisons between survivors and non-survivors and patients developing PE and those not developing PE were assessed by Mann–Whitney test. Results Analysis in the whole population of hospitalized COVID-19 patients revealed increased circulating biomarkers of NETs in patients who will die from COVID-19 and in patients who will subsequently develop PE. Restriction of our analysis in the most severe patients, i.e., the ones who enter the hospital for COVID-19-related ARDS, confirmed the link between NET biomarker levels and survival but not PE occurrence. Conclusion Our results strongly reinforce the hypothesis that NETosis is an attractive therapeutic target to prevent COVID-19 progression but that it does not seem to be linked to PE occurrence in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Prével
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Pessac, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Annabelle Dupont
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Department of Hematology and Transfusion, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sylvie Labrouche-Colomer
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Laboratory of Hematology, Pessac, France
| | - Geoffrey Garcia
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Amiens, EA4666 HEMATIM, UPJV, Amiens, France
| | - Antoine Dewitte
- CHU Bordeaux, Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Magellan Medico-Surgical Centre, Bordeaux, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5164, INSERM ERL1303, Immunology from Concept and Experiments to Translation (ImmunoConcEpT), Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Rauch
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Department of Hematology and Transfusion, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Julien Goutay
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Intensive Care Department, Pôle de Réanimation, Lille, France
| | - Morgan Caplan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Intensive Care Department, Pôle de Réanimation, Lille, France
| | - Elsa Jozefowicz
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Surgical Critical Care, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lanoix
- CHU Amiens-Picardie, Infectious Diseases Department, Amiens, France.,EA4294, Université Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Julien Poissy
- Univ. Lille, INSERM U1285, CHU Lille, Pôle de réanimation, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
| | - Etienne Rivière
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, Pessac, France
| | - Arthur Orieux
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Pessac, France
| | - Denis Malvy
- Department for Infectious and Tropical diseases, University Hospital Centre and INSERM 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Didier Gruson
- CHU Bordeaux, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Pessac, France.,Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Loic Garçon
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU Amiens, EA4666 HEMATIM, UPJV, Amiens, France
| | - Sophie Susen
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, Department of Hematology and Transfusion, Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-EGID, Lille, France
| | - Chloé James
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1034, Biology of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pessac, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Laboratory of Hematology, Pessac, France
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Sakuma M, Wang X, Ellett F, Edd JF, Babatunde KA, Viens A, Mansour MK, Irimia D. Microfluidic capture of chromatin fibres measures neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released in a drop of human blood. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:936-944. [PMID: 35084421 PMCID: PMC8978531 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01123e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the largest population of white blood cells in the circulation, and their primary function is to protect the body from microbes. They can release the chromatin in their nucleus, forming characteristic web structures and trap microbes, contributing to antimicrobial defenses. The chromatin webs are known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Importantly, neutrophils can also release NETs in pathological conditions related to rheumatic diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer, and sepsis. Thus, determining the concentration of NETs in the blood is increasingly important for monitoring patients, evaluating treatment efficacy, and understanding the pathology of various diseases. However, traditional methods for measuring NETs require separating cells and plasma from blood, are prone to sample preparation artifacts, and cannot distinguish between intact and degraded NETs. Here, we design a microfluidic analytical tool that captures NETs mechanically from a drop of blood and measures the amount of intact NETs unbiased by the presence of degraded NETs in the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Sakuma
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiao Wang
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felix Ellett
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jon F Edd
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kehinde Adebayo Babatunde
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Adam Viens
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael K Mansour
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- BioMEMS Resource Center, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, USA
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34
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Morita S, Nakamaru Y, Fukuda A, Fujiwara K, Suzuki M, Hoshino K, Honma A, Homma A. The Quantification of Extracellular Trap Cell Death-Derived Products as Diagnostic Biomarkers for Otitis Media With Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis and Eosinophilic Otitis Media. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:e337-e343. [PMID: 34802016 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to quantify the cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), citrullinated-histone H3 (cit-H3)-DNA complex, and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complex as extracellular trap cell death (ETosis)-derived products in the middle ear fluid, and to identify diagnostic biomarkers for the discrimination of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (OMAAV) from eosinophilic otitis media (EOM). STUDY DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS OMAAV patients were eligible for inclusion in this analysis. Patients with EOM were examined as controls. INTERVENTION All samples were obtained from the middle ear fluid in patients with OMAAV or EOM. The fluid samples were aspirated from the middle ear through the anterior-inferior portion of the tympanic membrane using a 1-ml tuberculin syringe with a 24- or 26-gauge needle under a microscope. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The levels of cell-free DNA, cit-H3-DNA complex and MPO-DNA complex in the fluid samples were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Patients with OMAAV showed significantly higher levels of MPO-DNA complex compared to patients with EOM, regardless of the serum ANCA status at the time of sampling (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in the values of cell-free DNA or cit-H3-DNA complex between the OMAAV and EOM patients. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that the detection and quantification of MPO-DNA complex in the otitis media fluid can be utilized to discriminate OMAAV, especially in cases of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, from EOM regardless of the serum ANCA status. It should be noted that it is possible for cell-free DNA and cit-H3-DNA complex in fluid samples to be derived from dead cells other than neutrophils that undergo ETosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Morita
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Brandau A, Ibrahim N, Klopf J, Hayden H, Ozsvar-Kozma M, Afonyushkin T, Bleichert S, Fuchs L, Watzinger V, Nairz V, Manville E, Kessler V, Stangl H, Eilenberg W, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. Association of Lipoproteins with Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Patients with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020217. [PMID: 35203427 PMCID: PMC8869298 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are DNA–protein structures released by neutrophils in response to various stimuli, including oxidized, low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Accumulating evidence suggests a role for NETs in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). In this study, we investigated the potential association of lipoprotein particles and NETs in AAA in comparison to non-AAA control groups. The concentrations of neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO), the NET parameters citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) and circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), as well as of blood lipids were determined in plasma or serum of patients with AAA (n = 40), peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAD; n = 40) and healthy donors (n = 29). A sandwich ELISA detecting oxidized phosphatidylcholine in association with apolipoprotein B-100 (oxPL/apoB) was applied to measure oxidized phospholipids in circulation. The effect of lipoparticles on NET formation was tested using a DNA release assay with isolated human neutrophils. Plasma MPO, citH3 and cfDNA levels were significantly increased in AAA patients in comparison to healthy donors and PAD patients. Plasma concentrations of citH3 positively correlated with serum oxPL/apoB in AAA patients. In functional in vitro assays, the addition of oxLDL induced NET formation in pre-stimulated neutrophils. In conclusion, our data suggest a promoting role of oxLDL on NET formation in AAA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Brandau
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Johannes Klopf
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Hubert Hayden
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Maria Ozsvar-Kozma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.O.-K.); (T.A.)
| | - Taras Afonyushkin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.O.-K.); (T.A.)
| | - Sonja Bleichert
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Lukas Fuchs
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Viktoria Watzinger
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Verena Nairz
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Emely Manville
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Veronika Kessler
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.B.); (N.I.); (J.K.); (H.H.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (V.W.); (V.N.); (E.M.); (V.K.); (W.E.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-73514
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Immunothrombosis Biomarkers for Distinguishing Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients From Noncoronavirus Disease Septic Patients With Pneumonia and for Predicting ICU Mortality. Crit Care Explor 2022; 3:e0588. [PMID: 34984340 PMCID: PMC8718216 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. IMPORTANCE: Coronavirus disease 2019 patients have an increased risk of thrombotic complications that may reflect immunothrombosis, a process characterized by blood clotting, endothelial dysfunction, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps. To date, few studies have investigated longitudinal changes in immunothrombosis biomarkers in these patients. Furthermore, how these longitudinal changes differ between coronavirus disease 2019 patients and noncoronavirus disease septic patients with pneumonia are unknown. OBJECTIVES: In this pilot observational study, we investigated the utility of immunothrombosis biomarkers for distinguishing between coronavirus disease 2019 patients and noncoronavirus disease septic patients with pneumonia. We also evaluated the utility of the biomarkers for predicting ICU mortality in these patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The participants were ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (n = 14), noncoronavirus disease septic patients with pneumonia (n = 19), and healthy age-matched controls (n = 14). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Nine biomarkers were measured from plasma samples (on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, and/or 14). Analysis was based on binomial logit models and receiver operating characteristic analyses. RESULTS: Cell-free DNA, d-dimer, soluble endothelial protein C receptor, protein C, soluble thrombomodulin, fibrinogen, citrullinated histones, and thrombin-antithrombin complexes have significant powers for distinguishing coronavirus disease 2019 patients from healthy individuals. In comparison, fibrinogen, soluble endothelial protein C receptor, antithrombin, and cell-free DNA have significant powers for distinguishing coronavirus disease 2019 from pneumonia patients. The predictors of ICU mortality differ between the two patient groups: soluble thrombomodulin and citrullinated histones for coronavirus disease 2019 patients, and protein C and cell-free DNA or fibrinogen for pneumonia patients. In both patient groups, the most recent biomarker values have stronger prognostic value than their ICU day 1 values. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Fibrinogen, soluble endothelial protein C receptor, antithrombin, and cell-free DNA have utility for distinguishing coronavirus disease 2019 patients from noncoronavirus disease septic patients with pneumonia. The most important predictors of ICU mortality are soluble thrombomodulin/citrullinated histones for coronavirus disease 2019 patients, and protein C/cell-free DNA for noncoronavirus disease pneumonia patients. This hypothesis-generating study suggests that the pathophysiology of immunothrombosis differs between the two patient groups.
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Franck T, Ceusters J, Graide H, Mouithys-Mickalad A, Serteyn D. Muscle Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Activity of the Free and the Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET)-Bond Myeloperoxidase. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123486. [PMID: 34943996 PMCID: PMC8700239 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known to migrate to tissue injury sites to participate in immune modulation, tissue remodelling and wound healing, reducing tissue damage. Upon neutrophil activation, there is a release of myeloperoxidase (MPO), an oxidant enzyme. But little is known about the direct role of MSCs on MPO activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of equine mesenchymal stem cells derived from muscle microinvasive biopsy (mdMSC) on the oxidant response of neutrophils and particularly on the activity of the myeloperoxidase released by stimulated equine neutrophils. After specific treatment (trypsin and washings in phosphate buffer saline), the mdMSCs were exposed to isolated neutrophils. The effect of the suspended mdMSCs was studied on the ROS production and the release of total and active MPO by stimulated neutrophils and specifically on the activity of MPO in a neutrophil-free model. Additionally, we developed a model combining adherent mdMSCs with neutrophils to study total and active MPO from the neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). Our results show that mdMSCs inhibited the ROS production, the activity of MPO released by stimulated neutrophils and the activity of MPO bound to the NET. Moreover, the co-incubation of mdMSCs directly with MPO results in a strong inhibition of the peroxidase activity of MPO, probably by affecting the active site of the enzyme. We confirm the strong potential of mdMSCs to lower the oxidant response of neutrophils. The novelty of our study is an evident inhibition of the activity of MPO by MSCs. The results indicated a new potential therapeutic approach of mdMSCs in the inhibition of MPO, which is considered as a pro-oxidant actor in numerous chronic and acute inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Franck
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
- Research Unit FARAH, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Justine Ceusters
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
- Research Unit FARAH, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Hélène Graide
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
| | - Ange Mouithys-Mickalad
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
| | - Didier Serteyn
- Centre of Oxygen Research and Development (CORD), University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (J.C.); (H.G.); (A.M.-M.); (D.S.)
- Research Unit FARAH, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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Twaddell SH, Gibson PG, Grainge C, Baines KJ. Parapneumonic Effusions Are Characterized by Elevated Levels of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Chest 2021; 160:1645-1655. [PMID: 34293318 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) increasingly are implicated in acute and chronic conditions involving multiple organ systems. RESEARCH QUESTION Are NET concentrations higher in parapneumonic effusions compared with effusions of other origin and does this reflect the inflammatory nature of these effusions? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Patients (N = 101) seeking hospital treatment for undifferentiated pleural effusion underwent pleural fluid classification based on cytologic analysis results, biochemical findings, microbiological characteristics, and clinical judgement. Concentrations of NET markers (extracellular DNA [eDNA], citrullinated histone H3 [citH3]), neutrophils (α-defensins), and inflammation (IL-1β)-related proteins were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Differences between groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance. Correlations used Spearman coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated. RESULTS Effusions were classified into four groups: parapneumonic (n = 18), malignant (n = 35), transudative (n = 22), and unclassifiable (n = 26). Concentrations of NETs markers were significantly higher in the parapneumonic group compared with malignant, transudative, and unclassifiable groups (median eDNA, 12.8 ng/mL vs 0.77 ng/mL, 0.44 ng/mL, and 0.86 ng/mL [P < .001]; and median citH3, 127.1 ng/mL vs 0.44 ng/mL, 0.34 ng/mL, and 0.49 ng/mL [P < .001]). citH3 and eDNA were correlated highly with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; Spearman r = 0.66 and r = 0.73, respectively; P < .001) and moderately negatively correlated with pH (r = -0.55 and r = -0.62, respectively; P < .001). α-Defensins and IL-1β were higher in the parapneumonic group than in other groups (median α-defensins, 124.4 ng/mL vs 4.7 ng/mL,7 ng/mL, and 6.9 ng/mL [P < .001]; and median IL-1β, 145 pg/mL vs 1.87 pg/mL, 1.39 pg/mL, and 2.6 pg/mL [P < .001]) and moderately correlated with LDH (r = 0.60 and r = 0.57; P < .001). ROC curves showed high sensitivity and specificity for NET markers for prediction of parapneumonic effusion. INTERPRETATION High levels of some NET-related mediators in parapneumonic effusions correlate with inflammation. Effusions of other causes do not show high levels of NETs. These results may have treatment implications because NETs may be an important contributor to the inflammation and viscosity of parapneumonic effusions and may help us to understand the therapeutic benefit of deoxyribonuclease in empyema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Twaddell
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine and Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
| | - Peter G Gibson
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine and Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Grainge
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine and Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine J Baines
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine and Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Mao JY, Zhang JH, Cheng W, Chen JW, Cui N. Effects of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Patients With Septic Coagulopathy and Their Interaction With Autophagy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:757041. [PMID: 34707618 PMCID: PMC8542927 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.757041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) act as a critical trigger of inflammation and coagulation. We hypothesized that NETs are associated with septic hypercoagulability. Materials and Methods In total, 82 patients admitted with sepsis in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled between February 2017 and April 2018. Clinical and hematological parameters and thrombotic or hemorrhagic events were recorded. Blood samples were obtained to assess biomarkers of NET formation, including neutrophil elastase 2 (ELA2) and citrullinated histone H3, and endothelial-derived biomarker syndecan-1. Autophagy levels and their regulation pathway were also examined to explore their interaction with NETs. Result Sepsis patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) showed significantly higher levels of NET formation [ELA2, 1,247 (86–625) vs. 2,039 (1,544–2,534), p < 0.0001; H3, 140 (47–233) vs. 307 (199–415), p < 0.0001]. NET formation was independently associated with DIC risk [ELA2, OR 1.0028, 95% CI, 1.0010–1.0045; H3, OR 1.0104, 95% CI, 1.0032–1.0176] and mortality [ELA2, HR 1.0014, 95% CI, 1.0004–1.0024; H3, HR 1.0056, 95% CI, 1.0008–1.0115]. The area under the curve value for ELA2 in predicting DIC occurrence was 0.902 (95% CI, 0.816–0.957), and that of H3 was 0.870 (95% CI, 0.778–0.934). Furthermore, biomarkers of NET formation, endothelial cells, and autophagy exhibited a significant correlation [ELA2 and Syn (r = 0.5985, p < 0.0001), LC3B (r = −0.4224, p < 0.0001); H3 and Syn (r = 0.6383, p < 0.0001), LC3B (r = −0.3005, p = 0.0061)]. Conclusion Increased NET formation is significantly associated with sepsis-induced DIC incidence and mortality in sepsis patients, revealing a significant relationship with the autophagy pathway. Clinical Trial Registration chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR-ROC-17010750.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yu Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hui Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Wei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Na Cui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Jiang X, Liang L, Chen G, Liu C. Modulation of Immune Components on Stem Cell and Dormancy in Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:2826. [PMID: 34831048 PMCID: PMC8616319 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) refer to a certain subpopulation within the tumor entity that is characterized by restricted cellular proliferation and multipotent differentiation potency. The existence of CSCs has been proven to contribute to the heterogeneity of malignancies, accounting for intensified tumorigenesis, treatment resistance, and metastatic spread. Dormancy was proposed as a reversible state of cancer cells that are temporarily arrested in the cell cycle, possessing several hallmarks that facilitate their survival within a devastating niche. This transient period is evoked to enter an actively proliferating state by multiple regulatory alterations, and one of the most significant and complex factors comes from local and systemic inflammatory reactions and immune components. Although CSCs and dormant cancer cells share several similarities, the clear relationship between these two concepts remains unclear. Thus, the detailed mechanism of immune cells interacting with CSCs and dormant cancer cells also warrants elucidation for prevention of cancer relapse and metastasis. In this review, we summarize recent findings and prospective studies on CSCs and cancer dormancy to conclude the relationship between these two concepts. Furthermore, we aim to outline the mechanism of immune components in interfering with CSCs and dormant cancer cells to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of relapse and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Caigang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; (X.J.); (L.L.); (G.C.)
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Radermecker C, Hego A, Delvenne P, Marichal T. Identification and Quantitation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Human Tissue Sections. Bio Protoc 2021; 11:e4159. [PMID: 34692909 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are one of the first innate immune cells recruited to tissues during inflammation. An important function of neutrophils relies on their ability to release extracellular structures, known as Neutrophil Extracellular Traps or NETs, into their environment. Detecting such NETs in humans has often proven challenging for both biological fluids and tissues; however, this can be achieved by quantitating NET components (e.g., DNA or granule/histone proteins) or by directly visualizing them by microscopy, respectively. Direct visualization by confocal microscopy is preferably performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections stained with a fluorescent DNA dye and antibodies directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO) and citrullinated histone 3 (Cit-H3), two components of NETs, following paraffin removal, antigen retrieval, and permeabilization. NETs are defined as extracellular structures that stain double-positive for MPO and Cit-H3. Here, we propose a novel software-based objective method for NET volume quantitation in tissue sections based on the measurement of the volume of structures exhibiting co-localization of Cit-H3 and MPO outside the cell. Such a technique not only allows the unambiguous identification of NETs in tissue sections but also their quantitation and relationship with surrounding tissues. Graphic abstract: Graphical representation of the methodology used to stain and quantitate NETs in human lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coraline Radermecker
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Grappe Interdisciplinaire de Genoproteomique Appliquee (GIGA) Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Hego
- Cell Imaging platform, Grappe Interdisciplinaire de Genoproteomique Appliquee (GIGA), Liege, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, Clinique Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) University Hospital, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Grappe Interdisciplinaire de Genoproteomique Appliquee (GIGA) Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
| | - Thomas Marichal
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Grappe Interdisciplinaire de Genoproteomique Appliquee (GIGA) Institute, Liege University, Liege, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liege University, Liege, Belgium
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Zenlander R, Havervall S, Magnusson M, Engstrand J, Ågren A, Thålin C, Stål P. Neutrophil extracellular traps in patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18025. [PMID: 34504150 PMCID: PMC8429678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97233-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are web-like structures consisting of DNA, histones and granule proteins, released from neutrophils in thrombus formation, inflammation, and cancer. We asked if plasma levels of the NET markers myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA and citrullinated histone H3 (H3Cit)-DNA, are elevated in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and if the levels correlate with clinical parameters. MPO-DNA, H3Cit-DNA, and thrombin–antithrombin (TAT) complex, as a marker of coagulation activity, were measured using ELISA in plasma from 82 patients with HCC, 95 patients with cirrhosis and 50 healthy controls. Correlations were made to clinical parameters and laboratory data and patients were followed for a median of 22.5 months regarding thrombosis development. H3Cit-DNA was significantly (p < 0.01) elevated in plasma from cirrhosis (66.4 ng/mL) and HCC (63.8 ng/mL) patients compared to healthy controls (31.8 ng/mL). TAT levels showed similar pattern (3.1, 3.7, and 0.0 µg/mL respectively, p < 0.01). MPO-DNA was significantly (p < 0.01) elevated in cirrhosis patients (0.53 O.D.) as compared to controls (0.33 O.D.). Levels of MPO-DNA and H3Cit-DNA correlated positively with Child–Pugh and MELD score. TAT was increased in all Child–Pugh and MELD groups. In multivariable logistic regression, Child B and C liver cirrhosis were independent predictors of elevated H3Cit-DNA in plasma. Levels of MPO-DNA and H3Cit-DNA were similar in patients with or without history of thrombosis, or thrombus formation during follow-up. In conclusion, plasma markers of NET formation are elevated in liver cirrhosis and correlate to the degree of liver dysfunction in patients with liver cirrhosis and/or HCC. The presence of HCC did not further increase the plasma levels of NET markers as compared to patients with cirrhosis only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Zenlander
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Sebastian Havervall
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Specialized Medicine, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Magnusson
- Division of Pediatrics, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Coagulation Unit, Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jennie Engstrand
- Division of Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Ågren
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Coagulation Unit, Department of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Thålin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Hepatology, Department of Upper GI Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Everitt ML, Boegner DJ, Birukov KG, White IM. Sample-to-Answer Diagnostic System for the Detection of Circulating Histones in Whole Blood. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3006-3012. [PMID: 34270219 PMCID: PMC10993011 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Severe internal trauma results in millions of hospitalizations each year, including thousands of deaths caused by subsequent multiple organ failure. The majority of these deaths occur within the first 24 h, and thus, rapid diagnosis of internal trauma severity is necessary for immediate treatment. For early organ damage identification, diagnosis in point-of-care settings is crucial for rapid triage and treatment. Recent reports suggest that circulating histones may serve as a biomarker for severe organ damage and the risk of multiple organ failure. Here, we report a point-of-care diagnostic system that utilizes the inherent interactions between histones and DNA for the fluorescence-based detection of histones in whole blood. In the assay, histones within the sample are wrapped by DNA, thus preventing an intercalating dye from binding the DNA and fluorescing. To allow for quantitative fluorescent measurements to be made in a point-of-care setting, we integrate a rapid, automated blood separation step into our assay. Furthermore, we eliminate manual reagent additions using a thermally responsive alkane partition (TRAP), thus making the system sample-to-answer. Finally, we demonstrate the assay in a portable fluorescence reader compatible with a point-of-care environment. We report a limit of detection 112 ng/mL in whole blood, suggesting that our device can be used to rapidly diagnose internal trauma severity and the likelihood of multiple organ failure in near-patient settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela L Everitt
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park 20740, United States
| | - David J Boegner
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park 20740, United States
| | - Konstantin G Birukov
- Anesthesiology Department, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore 21201, United States
| | - Ian M White
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park 20740, United States
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44
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Boettcher M, Schacker AL, Esser M, Schönfeld L, Ebenebe CU, Rohde H, Mokhaberi N, Trochimiuk M, Appl B, Raluy LP, Reinshagen K, Klohs S, Königs I. Markers of neutrophil activation and extracellular trap formation predict appendicitis. Surgery 2021; 171:312-319. [PMID: 34373106 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although appendicitis is one of the most frequently occurring pediatric surgery emergencies, current biomarkers for diagnosis are unspecific and have low predictive values. Neutrophils are an essential component of the innate immune system involved during appendicitis. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate neutrophils and their activation markers in a prospective cohort study. METHODS The study population included all children with acute abdominal pain who presented to the pediatric surgery department of 2 large clinics between July 2018 and December 2019. All enrolled subjects underwent blood sample collection with an assessment of white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, cell-free DNA, neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and citrullinated histone H3. If an appendectomy was performed, the appendix was stained for myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase, and citrullinated histone H3 using immunofluorescence. RESULTS In total, 198 subjects were included in the study, of whom 133 had histological verified appendicitis. In those with appendicitis, white blood cell count and C-reactive protein showed a moderate diagnostic value for (noncomplicated and complicated) appendicitis. However, cell-free DNA (area under the curve .87) and citrullinated histone H3 (area under the curve .88) demonstrated excellent predictive power for appendicitis. Most notably, citrullinated histone H3 was able to distinguish (1) noncomplicated from complicated appendicitis, and (2) predict patient outcome. Moreover, the examined biomarkers appear to reflect tissue expression and disease severity. CONCLUSION Markers of neutrophil activation and extracellular trap formation are excellent biomarkers for appendicitis. In particular, citrullinated histone H3 may be used to identify children with an increased risk of developing complications after appendicitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Anna-Lisa Schacker
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melina Esser
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lavinia Schönfeld
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Chinedu Ulrich Ebenebe
- Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Rohde
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nariman Mokhaberi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Klohs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Königs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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45
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Pérez-Olivares L, Soehnlein O. Contemporary Lifestyle and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: An Emerging Link in Atherosclerosis Disease. Cells 2021; 10:1985. [PMID: 34440753 PMCID: PMC8394440 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks of extracellular genetic material decorated with proteins of nuclear, granular and cytosolic origin that activated neutrophils expel under pathogenic inflammatory conditions. NETs are part of the host's innate immune defense system against invading pathogens. Interestingly, these extracellular structures can also be released in response to sterile inflammatory stimuli (e.g., shear stress, lipidic molecules, pro-thrombotic factors, aggregated platelets, or pro-inflammatory cytokines), as in atherosclerosis disease. Indeed, NETs have been identified in the intimal surface of diseased arteries under cardiovascular disease conditions, where they sustain inflammation via NET-mediated cell-adhesion mechanisms and promote cellular dysfunction and tissue damage via NET-associated cytotoxicity. This review will focus on (1) the active role of neutrophils and NETs as underestimated players of the inflammatory process during atherogenesis and lesion progression; (2) how these extracellular structures communicate with the main cell types present in the atherosclerotic lesion in the arterial wall; and (3) how these neutrophil effector functions interplay with lifestyle-derived risk factors such as an unbalanced diet, physical inactivity, smoking or lack of sleep quality, which represent major elements in the development of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pérez-Olivares
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Institute for Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Institute for Experimental Pathology (ExPat), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität (WWU), 48149 Münster, Germany;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (FyFa), Karolinska Institute, 17165 Stockholm, Sweden
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46
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Eilenberg W, Zagrapan B, Bleichert S, Ibrahim N, Knöbl V, Brandau A, Martelanz L, Grasl MT, Hayden H, Nawrozi P, Rajic R, Häusler C, Potolidis A, Schirwani N, Scheuba A, Klopf J, Teubenbacher P, Weigl MP, Kirchweger P, Beitzke D, Stiglbauer-Tscholakoff A, Panzenböck A, Lang I, Mauracher LM, Hell L, Pabinger I, Bailey MA, Scott DJA, Maegdefessel L, Busch A, Huk I, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. Histone citrullination as a novel biomarker and target to inhibit progression of abdominal aortic aneurysms. Transl Res 2021; 233:32-46. [PMID: 33571683 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This study has addressed the notion that NET components might serve as AAA biomarkers or novel targets of AAA therapy. Thus, parameters of neutrophil activation and NET formation were measured in plasma. Their diagnostic marker value was explored in 41 AAA patients and 38 healthy controls. The NET parameter citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) was then validated in 63 AAA patients and 63 controls matched for cardiovascular disease. The prognostic marker potential was investigated in 54 observation periods of AAA growth over 6 months. NETs were further assessed in conditioned medium and sections of aortic tissue. CitH3 was found to be increased in blood (median 362 vs 304 ng/mL, P = 0.004) and aortic tissue (50 vs 1.5 ng/mg, P < 0.001) of AAA patients compared to healthy controls and accumulated in the intraluminal thrombus (629 ng/mg). The diagnostic potential of citH3 ranged at 0.705 area under the ROC curve (AUROC) and was validated with the independent sample set. Furthermore, plasma citH3 predicted AAA growth over the next 6 months (AUROC: 0.707, P = 0.015) and dropped significantly after surgical aneurysm repair. In an angiotensin II - based mouse model of experimental AAA, an inhibitor of histone citrullination was applied to block NET formation and AAA progression. Of note, further growth of an established aneurysm was prevented in mice treated with the NET inhibitor (P = 0.040). In conclusion, histone citrullination represents a promising AAA biomarker and potential therapeutic target to control disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf Eilenberg
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branislav Zagrapan
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Bleichert
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Knöbl
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Annika Brandau
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luca Martelanz
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Therese Grasl
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hayden
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paimann Nawrozi
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Renata Rajic
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charlotte Häusler
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexandros Potolidis
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nawa Schirwani
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Scheuba
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Klopf
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Teubenbacher
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus P Weigl
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Kirchweger
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietrich Beitzke
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy: Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology; Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Stiglbauer-Tscholakoff
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy: Division of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology; Division of Molecular and Gender Imaging, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Panzenböck
- Department of Internal Medicine II: Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II: Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa-Marie Mauracher
- Department of Internal Medicine I: Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Hell
- Department of Internal Medicine I: Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Department of Internal Medicine I: Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc A Bailey
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Leeds, United Kingdom; Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - D Julian A Scott
- Leeds Vascular Institute, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom; Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Molecular Vascular Medicine Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Busch
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany; Molecular Vascular Medicine Group, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ihor Huk
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of General Surgery: Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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47
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Mangold A, Ondracek AS, Hofbauer TM, Scherz T, Artner T, Panagiotides N, Beitzke D, Ruzicka G, Nistler S, Wohlschläger-Krenn E, Winker R, Quehenberger P, Traxler-Weidenauer D, Spannbauer A, Gyöngyösi M, Testori C, Lang IM. Culprit site extracellular DNA and microvascular obstruction in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2006-2017. [PMID: 34173822 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Extracellular chromatin and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) have been identified as important players of thrombosis, inflammation and homeostasis in a murine model. We previously demonstrated that activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) at the culprit site in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which significantly contribute to extracellular chromatin burden, and are associated with larger infarcts. To understand the correlation between neutrophil activation, extracellular chromatin and infarct size (IS), we investigated these parameters in a porcine myocardial infarction model, and at different time points and sites in a prospective STEMI trial with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) endpoints. METHODS AND RESULTS In a prospective STEMI trial (NCT01777750), 101 STEMI patients were included and blood samples were obtained from first medical contact until 6 months after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) including direct sampling from the culprit site. CMR was performed 4 ± 2 days and 6 months after pPCI. Neutrophil counts, markers of extracellular chromatin and inflammation were measured. Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), citrullinated histone 3, nucleosomes, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil elastase and interleukin (IL)-6 were significantly increased, while DNase activity was significantly decreased at the culprit site in STEMI patients. High neutrophil counts and dsDNA levels at the culprit site correlated with high microvascular obstruction (MVO) and low ejection fraction (EF). High DNase activity at the culprit site correlated with low MVO and high EF.In correspondence, dsDNA correlated with IS in the porcine myocardial infarction model. In porcine infarcts, neutrophils and extracellular chromatin were detected in congested small arteries corresponding with MVO. Markers of neutrophil activation, extracellular chromatin, DNase activity and CMR measurements correlated with markers of systemic inflammation C-reactive protein and IL-6 in patients. CONCLUSIONS NETs and extracellular chromatin are important determinants of MVO in STEMI. Rapid degradation of extracellular chromatin by DNases appears to be crucial for microvascular patency and outcome. TRANSLATIONAL PERSPECTIVE We show that NETs and extracellular DNA obstruct microvessels in the porcine myocardial infarction model and is connected to increased infarct size. We are able to prove this observation in human STEMI patients. DNase is capable to counteract these effects. Extracellular DNA could be a new treatment target in STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Mangold
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Ondracek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M Hofbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Scherz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Landesklinikum Wiener, Neustadt, Austria
| | - Tyler Artner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Noel Panagiotides
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietrich Beitzke
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruzicka
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Nistler
- Center of Prevention and Health, Sanatorium Hera, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Robert Winker
- Center of Prevention and Health, Sanatorium Hera, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Quehenberger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andreas Spannbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Testori
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology, Landesklinikum Wiener, Neustadt, Austria
| | - Irene M Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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48
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Hofbauer TM, Mangold A, Ondracek AS, Panzenböck A, Scherz T, Müller J, Distelmaier K, Seidl V, Kastl S, Müller-Nurasyid M, Peters A, Strauch K, Winker R, Wohlschläger-Krenn E, Nistler S, Lang IM. Deoxyribonuclease 1 Q222R single nucleotide polymorphism and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:29. [PMID: 33891165 PMCID: PMC8064981 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00864-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Upon activation, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which contribute to circulating DNA burden and thrombosis, including ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Deoxyribonuclease (DNase) 1 degrades circulating DNA and NETs. Lower DNase activity correlates with NET burden and infarct size. The DNase 1 Q222R single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), impairing DNase 1 function, is linked with myocardial infarction. We assessed whether the Q222R SNP is connected to increased NET burden in STEMI and influences long-term outcomes. We enrolled 711 STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI), and 1422 controls. Genotyping was performed for DNase 1 Q222R SNP. DNase activity, double-stranded (ds)DNA and citrullinated histone H3 were determined in culprit site and peripheral plasma during pPCI. The association of the Q222R variant on cardiovascular and all-cause mortality was assessed by multivariable Cox regression adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors. Homozygous Q222R DNase 1 variant was present in 64 (9.0%) STEMI patients, at the same frequency as in controls. Patients homozygous for Q222R displayed less DNase activity and increased circulating DNA burden. In overall patients, median survival was 60 months. Homozygous Q222R variant was independently associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality after STEMI. dsDNA/DNase ratio independently predicted cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. These findings highlight that the Q222R DNase 1 SNP is associated with increased NET burden and decreased compensatory DNase activity, and may serve as an independent risk factor for poor outcome after STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Hofbauer
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Mangold
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S Ondracek
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Adelheid Panzenböck
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Scherz
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julian Müller
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Distelmaier
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Seidl
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Kastl
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,IBE (Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine I (Cardiology), Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, IBE, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Robert Winker
- Health and Prevention Center, Sanatorium Hera, Löblichgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sonja Nistler
- Health and Prevention Center, Sanatorium Hera, Löblichgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene M Lang
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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49
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Moiana M, Aranda F, de Larrañaga G. A focus on the roles of histones in health and diseases. Clin Biochem 2021; 94:12-19. [PMID: 33895124 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over time, the knowledge on the role of histones has significantly changed. Initially, histones were only known as DNA packaging proteins but later, it was discovered that they act extracellularly as powerful antimicrobial agents and also as potentially self-detrimental agents. Indeed, histones were found to be the most abundant proteins within neutrophil extracellular traps what ultimately highlighted their microbicidal function. In addition, extracellular histones proved to be involved in triggering exacerbated inflammatory and coagulation responses, depending on the cell type affected. Consequently, several investigations were conducted towards studying the potential of histones and their derivatives as either biomarkers or therapeutic target candidates in different diseases in which inflammation and thrombosis have a key pathophysiological role, such as sepsis, thrombosis and different types of cancer. The main objective of this review is to summarize and discuss the current state of the art with regard to both beneficial and harmful roles of histones and also their possible use as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Moiana
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratory, Hospital of Infectious Diseases "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Aranda
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratory, Hospital of Infectious Diseases "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela de Larrañaga
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis Laboratory, Hospital of Infectious Diseases "F. J. Muñiz", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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50
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Hayden H, Ibrahim N, Klopf J, Zagrapan B, Mauracher LM, Hell L, Hofbauer TM, Ondracek AS, Schoergenhofer C, Jilma B, Lang IM, Pabinger I, Eilenberg W, Neumayer C, Brostjan C. ELISA detection of MPO-DNA complexes in human plasma is error-prone and yields limited information on neutrophil extracellular traps formed in vivo. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250265. [PMID: 33886636 PMCID: PMC8062102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were shown to contribute to states of acute and chronic inflammatory disease. They are composed of expelled chromatin and decorated by neutrophil-derived proteins. Therefore, the analysis of DNA complexes with myeloperoxidase (MPO) by ELISA has become an attractive tool to measure NET formation in in vitro and in vivo samples. When we used a published MPO-DNA ELISA protocol and included an isotype control for the anti-MPO coating antibody, we observed high assay specificity for in vitro prepared NET samples, whereas the specificity for in vivo plasma samples was low. In addition, the assay failed to detect in vitro generated MPO-DNA complexes when spiked into plasma. Therefore, we set out to improve the specificity of the MPO-DNA ELISA for plasma samples. We found that the use of Fab fragments or immunoglobulins from different species or reversal of the antibody pair led to either a high background or a low dynamic range of detection that did not improve the specificity for plasma samples. Also, the use of higher plasma dilutions or pre-clearing of plasma immunoglobulins were ineffective. Finally, we found that a commercial reagent designed to block human anti-mouse antibodies and multivalent substances increased the detection window between the MPO antibody and isotype control for highly diluted plasma. We applied this modified ELISA protocol to analyze MPO-DNA complexes in human blood samples of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. While markers of neutrophil activation and NET formation such as MPO, elastase and citrullinated histone H3 correlated significantly, we observed no correlation with the levels of MPO-DNA complexes. Therefore, we conclude that ELISA measurements of MPO-DNA complexes in human plasma are highly questionable regarding specificity of NET detection. In general, plasma analyses by ELISA should more frequently include isotype controls for antibodies to demonstrate target specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Hayden
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Klopf
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branislav Zagrapan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa-Marie Mauracher
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Hell
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas M. Hofbauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna S. Ondracek
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Schoergenhofer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernd Jilma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene M. Lang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolf Eilenberg
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Neumayer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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