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Kong F, Wu T, Dai J, Cai J, Zhai Z, Zhu Z, Xu Y, Sun T. Knowledge domains and emerging trends of Genome-wide association studies in Alzheimer's disease: A bibliometric analysis and visualization study from 2002 to 2022. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295008. [PMID: 38241287 PMCID: PMC10798548 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive and behavioral function. Studies have shown that genetic factors are one of the main causes of AD risk. genome-wide association study (GWAS), as a novel and effective tool for studying the genetic risk of diseases, has attracted attention from researchers in recent years and a large number of studies have been conducted. This study aims to summarize the literature on GWAS in AD by bibliometric methods, analyze the current status, research hotspots and future trends in this field. METHODS We retrieved articles on GWAS in AD published between 2002 and 2022 from Web of Science. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were applied to analyze the articles for the number of articles published, countries/regions and institutions of publication, authors and cited authors, highly cited literature, and research hotspots. RESULTS We retrieved a total of 2,751 articles. The United States had the highest number of publications in this field, and Columbia University was the institution with the most published articles. The identification of AD-related susceptibility genes and their effects on AD is one of the current research hotspots. Numerous risk genes have been identified, among which APOE, CLU, CD2AP, CD33, EPHA1, PICALM, CR1, ABCA7 and TREM2 are the current genes of interest. In addition, risk prediction for AD and research on other related diseases are also popular research directions in this field. CONCLUSION This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of GWAS in AD and identified the current research hotspots and research trends. In addition, we also pointed out the shortcomings of current research and suggested future research directions. This study can provide researchers with information about the knowledge structure and emerging trends in the field of GWAS in AD and provide guidance for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanjing Kong
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyu Wu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyi Dai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Cai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhai
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhishan Zhu
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Sun
- School of Intelligent Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Kapuganti RS, Sahoo L, Mohanty PP, Hayat B, Parija S, Alone DP. Role of clusterin gene 3'-UTR polymorphisms and promoter hypomethylation in the pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194980. [PMID: 37652361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.194980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) is a multifactorial age-related disease characterized by the deposition of extracellular fibrillar aggregates in the anterior ocular tissues. This study aims to identify the genetic and epigenetic contribution of clusterin (CLU) in PEX pathology. CLU is a molecular chaperone upregulated in PEX and genetically associated with the disease. Sequencing of a 2.9 kb region encompassing the previously associated rs2279590 in 250 control and 313 PEX [(207 pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEXS) and 106 pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG)] individuals identified three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs9331942, rs9331949 and rs9331950, in the 3'-UTR of CLU of which rs9331942 and rs9331949 were found to be significantly associated with PEXS and PEXG as risk factors. Following in silico analysis, in vitro luciferase reporter assays in human embryonic kidney cells revealed that risk alleles at rs9331942 and rs9331949 bind to miR-223 and miR-1283, respectively, suggesting differential regulation of clusterin in the presence of risk alleles at the SNPs. Further, through bisulfite sequencing, we also identified that CLU promoter is hypomethylated in DNA from blood and lens capsules of PEX patients compared to controls that correlated with decreased expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1). Promoter demethylation of CLU using DNMT inhibitor, 5'-aza-dC, in human lens epithelial cells increased CLU expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the demethylated CLU promoter provides increased access to the transcription factor, Sp1, which might lead to enhanced expression of CLU. In conclusion, this study highlights the different molecular mechanisms of clusterin regulation in pseudoexfoliation pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramani Shyam Kapuganti
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Lipsa Sahoo
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | | | - Bushra Hayat
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Sucheta Parija
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India
| | - Debasmita Pankaj Alone
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar, P.O. Bhimpur-Padanpur, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha, 752050, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
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Li Y, Xu M, Xiang BL, Li X, Zhang DF, Zhao H, Bi R, Yao YG. Functional genomics identify causal variant underlying the protective CTSH locus for Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1555-1566. [PMID: 36739351 PMCID: PMC10516988 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01542-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease, which has a high heritability of up to 79%. Exploring the genetic basis is essential for understanding the pathogenic mechanisms underlying AD development. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) reported an AD-associated signal in the Cathepsin H (CTSH) gene in European populations. However, the exact functional/causal variant(s), and the genetic regulating mechanism of CTSH in AD remain to be determined. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive study to characterize the role of CTSH variants in the pathogenesis of AD. We identified rs2289702 in CTSH as the most significant functional variant that is associated with a protective effect against AD. The genetic association between rs2289702 and AD was validated in independent cohorts of the Han Chinese population. The CTSH mRNA expression level was significantly increased in AD patients and AD animal models, and the protective allele T of rs2289702 was associated with a decreased expression level of CTSH through the disruption of the binding affinity of transcription factors. Human microglia cells with CTSH knockout showed a significantly increased phagocytosis of Aβ peptides. Our study identified CTSH as being involved in AD genetic susceptibility and uncovered the genetic regulating mechanism of CTSH in pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Bo-Lin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 650204, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Hong Kong Branch of CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, Yunnan, China.
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, 650204, Kunming, China.
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Li X, Xu M, Bi R, Tan LW, Yao YG, Zhang DF. Common and rare variants of EGF increase the genetic risk of Alzheimer's disease as revealed by targeted sequencing of growth factors in Han Chinese. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 123:170-181. [PMID: 36437134 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease with high heritability. Growth factors (GFs) might contribute to the development of AD due to their broad effects on neuronal system. We herein aimed to investigate the role of rare and common variants of GFs in genetic susceptibility of AD. We screened 23 GFs in 6324 individuals using targeted sequencing. A rare-variant-based burden test and common-variant-based single-site association analyses were performed to identify AD-associated GF genes and variants. The burden test showed an enrichment of rare missense variants (p = 6.08 × 10-4) in GF gene-set in AD patients. Among the GFs, EGF showed the strongest signal of enrichment, especially for loss-of-function variants (p = 0.0019). A common variant rs4698800 of EGF showed significant associations with AD risk (p = 3.24 × 10-5, OR = 1.26). The risk allele of rs4698800 was associated with an increased EGF expression, whereas EGF was indeed upregulated in AD brain. These findings suggested EGF as a novel risk gene for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Rui Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Wen Tan
- Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Disease, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
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Li X, Zhang DF, Bi R, Tan LW, Chen X, Xu M, Yao YG. Convergent transcriptomic and genomic evidence supporting a dysregulation of CXCL16 and CCL5 in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:17. [PMID: 36670424 PMCID: PMC9863145 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01159-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammatory factors, especially chemokines, have been widely reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is unclear how chemokines are altered in AD, and whether dysregulation of chemokines is the cause, or the consequence, of the disease. METHODS We initially screened the transcriptomic profiles of chemokines from publicly available datasets of brain tissues of AD patients and mouse models. Expression alteration of chemokines in the blood from AD patients was also measured to explore whether any chemokine might be used as a potential biomarker for AD. We further analyzed the association between the coding variants of chemokine genes and genetic susceptibility of AD by targeted sequencing of a Han Chinese case-control cohort. Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed to infer the causal association of chemokine dysregulation with AD development. RESULTS Three chemokine genes (CCL5, CXCL1, and CXCL16) were consistently upregulated in brain tissues from AD patients and the mouse models and were positively correlated with Aβ and tau pathology in AD mice. Peripheral blood mRNA expression of CXCL16 was upregulated in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients, indicating the potential of CXCL16 as a biomarker for AD development. None of the coding variants within any chemokine gene conferred a genetic risk to AD. MR analysis confirmed a causal role of CCL5 dysregulation in AD mediated by trans-regulatory variants. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we have provided transcriptomic and genomic evidence supporting an active role of dysregulated CXCL16 and CCL5 during AD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 Yunnan China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 China
| | - Deng-Feng Zhang
- grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 Yunnan China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 China
| | - Rui Bi
- grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 Yunnan China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Li-Wen Tan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011 China
| | - Min Xu
- grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 Yunnan China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, and KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 Yunnan China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031 China
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Gao S, Hao JW, Zhao YN, Li X, Wang T, Han ZF, Sun BL, Sun JY, Liu GY. An updated analysis of the association between CD2-associated protein gene rs9349407 polymorphism and Alzheimer’s disease in Chinese population. Front Neuroinform 2022; 16:1006164. [DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2022.1006164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundSince 2011, three large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have confirmed that the CD2AP rs9349407 polymorphism is significantly connected with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in individuals of European descent. Subsequently, this association has been replicated in European populations, but is unclear whether it can be replicated in Chinese. Recently, the correlation between rs9349407 and AD in the Chinese population has become a research hotspot.ObjectiveTo explore the association between rs9349407 polymorphism and AD in the Chinese population.Materials and methodsFirstly, based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, we selected 11 independent studies from 8 articles exploring the correlation between rs9349407 variation and AD in Chinese. Secondly, we conducted a meta-analysis based on fixed and random effect models and conducted a heterogeneity test. Thirdly, we used the additive model, dominant model, and recessive model for subgroup analysis.ResultsWe demonstrated that the CD2AP rs9349407 polymorphism increases AD susceptibility in Chinese populations (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.08–1.64, P = 7.45E-03), which is consistent with the effect observed in Caucasian populations. Additionally, subgroup analysis showed that rs9349407 under the additive model (GG + CC vs. GC, OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.61–0.97, P = 2.04E-02) and dominant model (GG + GC vs. CC, OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.32–0.74, P = 8.51E-04) were also significantly correlated with AD susceptibility, but not under the recessive model (GG vs. GC + CC, OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.58–1.03, P = 7.44E-02).ConclusionThese existing data suggest that rs9349307 is significantly correlated with the susceptibility to AD in the Chinese population, but future studies with large samples are needed to confirm our findings.
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Abdul Aziz M, Md Ashraf G, Safiqul Islam M. Link of BIN1, CLU and IDE gene polymorphisms with the susceptibility of Alzheimer's disease: evidence from a meta-analysis. Curr Alzheimer Res 2022; 19:302-316. [PMID: 35546756 DOI: 10.2174/1567205019666220511140955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of neurodegenerative disorder. The association of BIN1, CLU and IDE genetic polymorphisms with AD risk have been evaluated overtimes that produced conflicting outcomes. OBJECTIVE We performed this meta-analysis to investigate the contribution of BIN1 (rs744373 and rs7561528), CLU (rs11136000 and rs9331888), and IDE (rs1887922) polymorphisms to AD risk. METHODS From a systemic literature search up to July 15, 2021, we included 25 studies with rs744373, 16 studies with rs7561528, 37 studies with rs11136000, 16 studies with rs9331888, and 4 studies with rs1887922. To analyze the correlation, we constructed seven genetic models that used odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals. We used RevMan 5.4 for meta-analysis. RESULTS Our study suggests that BIN1 rs744373 is associated with a significantly increased risk of AD in five genetic models (OR>1). Again, CLU rs11136000 showed reduced association in all genetic models (OR<1). CLU rs9331888 revealed an increased association in two models (OR>1). The IDE rs1887922 showed significantly increased risk in four models (OR>1). From subgroup analysis, a significantly increased risk of AD was observed in Caucasians and Asians for BIN1 rs744373. Again, BIN1 rs7561528 showed a significantly enhanced risk of AD only in Caucasians. CLU rs11136000 showed significantly reduced risk in Caucasians but rs9331888 showed increased risk in the same ethnicity. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis confirms the association of BIN1 rs744373, CLU rs9331888 and IDE rs1887922 polymorphisms with an increased risk of AD, especially in Caucasians. Again, CLU rs11136000 is associated with reduced AD risk in the overall population and Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Aziz
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur-3814, Noakhali, Bangladesh
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disease. Due to its long clinical course and lack of an effective treatment, AD has become a major public health problem in the USA and worldwide. Due to variation in age-at-onset, AD is classified into early-onset (< 60 years) and late-onset (≥ 60 years) forms with early-onset accounting for only 5-10% of all cases. With the exception of a small number of early-onset cases that are afflicted because of high penetrant single gene mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes, AD is genetically heterogeneous, especially the late-onset form having a polygenic or oligogenic risk inheritance. Since the identification of APOE as the most significant risk factor for late-onset AD in 1993, the path to the discovery of additional AD risk genes had been arduous until 2009 when the use of large genome-wide association studies opened up the discovery gateways that led the identification of ~ 95 additional risk loci from 2009 to early 2022. This article reviews the history of AD genetics followed by the potential molecular pathways and recent application of functional genomics methods to identify the causal AD gene(s) among the many genes that reside within a single locus. The ultimate goal of integrating genomics and functional genomics is to discover novel pathways underlying the AD pathobiology in order to identify drug targets for the therapeutic treatment of this heterogeneous disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Azam S, Haque ME, Balakrishnan R, Kim IS, Choi DK. The Ageing Brain: Molecular and Cellular Basis of Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:683459. [PMID: 34485280 PMCID: PMC8414981 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.683459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable event in the lifecycle of all organisms, characterized by progressive physiological deterioration and increased vulnerability to death. Ageing has also been described as the primary risk factor of most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTD). These neurodegenerative diseases occur more prevalently in the aged populations. Few effective treatments have been identified to treat these epidemic neurological crises. Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with enormous socioeconomic and personal costs. Here, the pathogenesis of AD, PD, and other neurodegenerative diseases has been presented, including a summary of their known associations with the biological hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, deregulated nutrient sensing, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communications. Understanding the central biological mechanisms that underlie ageing is important for identifying novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases. Potential therapeutic strategies, including the use of NAD+ precursors, mitophagy inducers, and inhibitors of cellular senescence, has also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shofiul Azam
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Md. Ezazul Haque
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Rengasamy Balakrishnan
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - In-Su Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School, BK21 Program, Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), Konkuk University, Chungju-si, South Korea
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10
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Jia L, Li F, Wei C, Zhu M, Qu Q, Qin W, Tang Y, Shen L, Wang Y, Shen L, Li H, Peng D, Tan L, Luo B, Guo Q, Tang M, Du Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Lyu J, Li Y, Zhou A, Wang F, Chu C, Song H, Wu L, Zuo X, Han Y, Liang J, Wang Q, Jin H, Wang W, Lü Y, Li F, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Liao Z, Qiu Q, Li Y, Kong C, Li Y, Jiao H, Lu J, Jia J. Prediction of Alzheimer's disease using multi-variants from a Chinese genome-wide association study. Brain 2021; 144:924-937. [PMID: 33188687 PMCID: PMC8041344 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awaa364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies have identified dozens of susceptibility loci for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, but few of these loci have been validated in longitudinal cohorts. Establishing predictive models of Alzheimer’s disease based on these novel variants is clinically important for verifying whether they have pathological functions and provide a useful tool for screening of disease risk. In the current study, we performed a two-stage genome-wide association study of 3913 patients with Alzheimer’s disease and 7593 controls and identified four novel variants (rs3777215, rs6859823, rs234434, and rs2255835; Pcombined = 3.07 × 10−19, 2.49 × 10−23, 1.35 × 10−67, and 4.81 × 10−9, respectively) as well as nine variants in the apolipoprotein E region with genome-wide significance (P < 5.0 × 10−8). Literature mining suggested that these novel single nucleotide polymorphisms are related to amyloid precursor protein transport and metabolism, antioxidation, and neurogenesis. Based on their possible roles in the development of Alzheimer’s disease, we used different combinations of these variants and the apolipoprotein E status and successively built 11 predictive models. The predictive models include relatively few single nucleotide polymorphisms useful for clinical practice, in which the maximum number was 13 and the minimum was only four. These predictive models were all significant and their peak of area under the curve reached 0.73 both in the first and second stages. Finally, these models were validated using a separate longitudinal cohort of 5474 individuals. The results showed that individuals carrying risk variants included in the models had a shorter latency and higher incidence of Alzheimer’s disease, suggesting that our models can predict Alzheimer’s disease onset in a population with genetic susceptibility. The effectiveness of the models for predicting Alzheimer’s disease onset confirmed the contributions of these identified variants to disease pathogenesis. In conclusion, this is the first study to validate genome-wide association study-based predictive models for evaluating the risk of Alzheimer’s disease onset in a large Chinese population. The clinical application of these models will be beneficial for individuals harbouring these risk variants, and particularly for young individuals seeking genetic consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyu Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Cuibai Wei
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiumin Qu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Luxi Shen
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Honglei Li
- Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dantao Peng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Shandong, China
| | - Benyan Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qihao Guo
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Muni Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Du
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Junjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, China
| | - Jihui Lyu
- Center for Cognitive Disorders, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Aihong Zhou
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Changbiao Chu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqing Song
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Liyong Wu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumei Zuo
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Han
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Liang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Jin
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lü
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Geriatric, Fuxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center for Cognitive Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengluan Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiongqiong Qiu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chaojun Kong
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Haishan Jiao
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Jia
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Neurodegenerative Disease and Memory Impairment, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
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11
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Hsieh TJ, Lee WJ, Liao YC, Hsu CC, Fang YH, Chen TY, Lin YS, Chang IS, Wang SJ, Hsiung CA, Fuh JL. Association between Alzheimer's disease genes and trajectories of cognitive function decline in Han Chinese in Taiwan. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17237-17252. [PMID: 34214049 PMCID: PMC8312434 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genetic background has been considered one of the important contributors to the rate of cognitive decline among patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We conducted a 4-year longitudinal follow-up study, recruited 255 AD and 44 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and used a data-driven trajectory analysis to examine the influence of selected AD risk genes on the age for and the rate of cognitive decline in Han Chinese population. Genotyping of selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the APOE, ABCA7, SORL1, BIN1, GAB2, and CD33 genes was conducted, and a Bayesian hierarchical model was fitted to analyze the trajectories of cognitive decline among different genotypes. After adjusting for sex and education years, the APOE ε4 allele was associated with an earlier mean change of −2.39 years in the age at midpoint of cognitive decline, the G allele in ABCA7 rs3764650 was associated with an earlier mean change of −1.75 years, and the T allele in SORL1 rs3737529 was associated with a later mean change of 2.6 years. Additionally, the rate of cognitive decline was associated with the APOE ε4 allele and SORL1 rs3737529. In summary, APOE and SORL1 might be the most important genetic factors related to cognitive decline in Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jen Hsieh
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ju Lee
- Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Dementia Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Hwei Fang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Chen
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Shuan Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Shou Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao A Hsiung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Ling Fuh
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University Schools of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Xiao X, Jiao B, Liao X, Zhang W, Yuan Z, Guo L, Wang X, Zhou L, Liu X, Yan X, Tang B, Shen L. Association of Genes Involved in the Metabolic Pathways of Amyloid-β and Tau Proteins With Sporadic Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease in the Southern Han Chinese Population. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:584801. [PMID: 33240075 PMCID: PMC7677357 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.584801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The genes involved in the metabolic pathways of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau proteins significantly influence the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Various studies have explored the associations between some of these genes and AD in the Caucasian population; however, researches regarding these associations remain limited in the Chinese population. To systematically evaluate the associations of these genes with AD, we investigated 19 genes involved in the metabolism of Aβ and tau based on previous studies selected using the PubMed database. This study included 372 patients with sporadic late-onset AD (sLOAD) and 345 cognitively healthy individuals from southern China. The results were replicated in the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP). Protein-protein interactions were determined using the STRING v11 database. We found that a single-nucleotide polymorphism, rs11682128, of BIN1 conferred susceptibility to sLOAD after adjusting for age, sex, and APOE ε4 status and performing the Bonferroni correction {corrected P = 0.000153, odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.403 (1.079-1.824)}, which was replicated in the IGAP. Protein-protein interactions indicated that BIN1 was correlated with MAPT. Moreover, rare variants of NEP and FERMT2 (0.0026 < corrected P < 0.05), and the Aβ degradation, tau pathology, and tau phosphatase pathways (0.01 < corrected P < 0.05), were nominally significantly associated with sLOAD. This study suggested that the genes involved in the metabolic pathways of Aβ and tau contributed to the etiology of sLOAD in the southern Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Liao
- Department of Geriatrics Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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13
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Zeng FF, Liu J, He H, Gao XP, Liao MQ, Yu XX, Liu YH, Zhu S, Jing CX. Association of PICALM Gene Polymorphisms with Alzheimer's Disease: Evidence from an Updated Meta-Analysis. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:1196-1205. [PMID: 31385771 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190805165607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have examined the roles of three polymorphisms (rs3851179, rs541458, and rs592297) of the PICALM gene in susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD) with inconclusive findings. OBJECTIVE We performed a meta-analysis to explore whether these three polymorphisms in the PICALM gene were associated with susceptibility to AD. METHODS Bibliographical searches were conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Summary Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association in a random effects model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were identified by subgroup and meta-regression analyses. RESULTS Twenty studies (9,017 cases and 15,448 controls) on rs3851179, 12 studies (8,077 cases and 12,022 controls) on rs541458, and 4 studies (2,106 cases and 2,234 controls) on rs592297 were considered eligible for meta-analyses. For both rs3851179 and rs541458, the overall ORs were significant under all genetic models with mild heterogeneity. Compared with G carriers, A carriers of rs3851179 were associated with a decreased risk of AD (OR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.84, 0.91, P for Z-test <0.001, I2 = 0.0%). Compared with T carriers, C carriers of rs541458 were inversely associated with AD risk (OR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81, 0.92, P for Z-test <0.001, I2 = 39.5%). No association was observed for rs592297. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses indicated that the protective effect of the rs541458 C allele was observed only among Caucasians, not among Asians (P for interaction: 0.021~<0.001). CONCLUSION rs3851179 and rs541458 appear to be associated with decreased AD risk. The null associations for rs592297 with AD risk need further confirmation with a larger number of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Fang Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of preventive medicine laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Hong He
- Health Care and Physical Examination Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xu-Ping Gao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Min-Qi Liao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yan-Hua Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Sui Zhu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No.601 Huangpu Road West, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun-Xia Jing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Associations between CLU polymorphisms and memory performance: The role of serum lipids in Alzheimer's disease. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 129:281-288. [PMID: 32882505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CLU encoding clusterin, has been reported to associate with Alzherimer's disease (AD) by genome-wide association studies (GWAS) based on Caucasian populations. Our previous case-control study has independently confirmed the disease association of CLU in Chinese population. Since little is known about the underlying mechanism of CLU in AD, we have conducted this study to investigate whether the genetic impact of CLU polymorphisms on cognitive functioning is via serum lipid's dysfunction. Three GWAS previously published CLU polymorphisms including rs2279590, rs11136000 and rs9331888, were genotyped in 689 subjects. Serum levels of triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured and tested as mediators. Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT) was used to evaluate subjects' memory performance. Multiple mediation analysis, a nonparametric procedure to create confidence interval, was performed according to Preacher and Hayes's Bootstrapping method. Our findings suggested significant correlation between CLU polymorphism and DWRT scores for rs11136000 (p = 0.045) after adjustment for age, gender, body mass index, and APOEε4 status, with borderline significant correlation for rs2279590 (p = 0.058). Both T allele of rs11136000 and A allele of rs2279590 were negatively correlated with serum TG levels (p = 0.003; p = 0.001, separately). Moreover, A allele of rs2279590 was positively correlated with serum HDL-C levels (p = 0.015). Consistent with our hypotheses, the genetic impact of CLU polymorphisms on memory performance were partially mediated through TG (rs11136000 95% CI [-0.099,-0.003] and rs2279590 95% CI [-0.104, -0.004]), but not through HDL-C and LDL-C. Our findings indicate CLU polymorphisms may modify AD susceptibility through lipid metabolic pathway.
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15
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Kang K, Sun X, Wang L, Yao X, Tang S, Deng J, Wu X, Yang C, Chen G. Direct-to-consumer genetic testing in China and its role in GWAS discovery and replication. QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40484-020-0209-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Guo T, Zhang D, Zeng Y, Huang TY, Xu H, Zhao Y. Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2020; 15:40. [PMID: 32677986 PMCID: PMC7364557 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-020-00391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder seen in age-dependent dementia. There is currently no effective treatment for AD, which may be attributed in part to lack of a clear underlying mechanism. Studies within the last few decades provide growing evidence for a central role of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau, as well as glial contributions to various molecular and cellular pathways in AD pathogenesis. Herein, we review recent progress with respect to Aβ- and tau-associated mechanisms, and discuss glial dysfunction in AD with emphasis on neuronal and glial receptors that mediate Aβ-induced toxicity. We also discuss other critical factors that may affect AD pathogenesis, including genetics, aging, variables related to environment, lifestyle habits, and describe the potential role of apolipoprotein E (APOE), viral and bacterial infection, sleep, and microbiota. Although we have gained much towards understanding various aspects underlying this devastating neurodegenerative disorder, greater commitment towards research in molecular mechanism, diagnostics and treatment will be needed in future AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Guo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Denghong Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuzhe Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Center of People's Liberation Army, The Affiliated Southeast Hospital of Xiamen University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Timothy Y Huang
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
| | - Huaxi Xu
- Neuroscience Initiative, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
| | - Yingjun Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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17
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Voskobiynyk Y, Roth JR, Cochran JN, Rush T, Carullo NVN, Mesina JS, Waqas M, Vollmer RM, Day JJ, McMahon LL, Roberson ED. Alzheimer's disease risk gene BIN1 induces Tau-dependent network hyperexcitability. eLife 2020; 9:e57354. [PMID: 32657270 PMCID: PMC7392604 DOI: 10.7554/elife.57354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies identified the BIN1 locus as a leading modulator of genetic risk in Alzheimer's disease (AD). One limitation in understanding BIN1's contribution to AD is its unknown function in the brain. AD-associated BIN1 variants are generally noncoding and likely change expression. Here, we determined the effects of increasing expression of the major neuronal isoform of human BIN1 in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Higher BIN1 induced network hyperexcitability on multielectrode arrays, increased frequency of synaptic transmission, and elevated calcium transients, indicating that increasing BIN1 drives greater neuronal activity. In exploring the mechanism of these effects on neuronal physiology, we found that BIN1 interacted with L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LVGCCs) and that BIN1-LVGCC interactions were modulated by Tau in rat hippocampal neurons and mouse brain. Finally, Tau reduction prevented BIN1-induced network hyperexcitability. These data shed light on BIN1's neuronal function and suggest that it may contribute to Tau-dependent hyperexcitability in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Voskobiynyk
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jonathan R Roth
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - J Nicholas Cochran
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Travis Rush
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Nancy VN Carullo
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jacob S Mesina
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Mohammad Waqas
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Rachael M Vollmer
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Jeremy J Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Lori L McMahon
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Alzheimer’s Disease Center, and Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
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18
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Mezencev R, Chernoff YO. Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Cancer Patients: Analysis of Mortality Data from the US SEER Population-Based Registries. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E796. [PMID: 32224926 PMCID: PMC7226270 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported an inverse association between cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD), which are leading causes of human morbidity and mortality. We analyzed the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) data to estimate the risk of AD death in (i) cancer patients relative to reference populations stratified on demographic and clinical variables, and (ii) female breast cancer (BC) patients treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, relative to those with no/unknown treatment status. Our results demonstrate the impact of race, cancer type, age and time since cancer diagnosis on the risk of AD death in cancer patients. While the risk of AD death was decreased in white patients diagnosed with various cancers at 45 or more years of age, it was increased in black patients diagnosed with cancers before 45 years of age (likely due to early onset AD). Chemotherapy decreased the risk of AD death in white women diagnosed with BC at the age of 65 or more, however radiotherapy displayed a more complex pattern with early decrease and late increase in the risk of AD death during a prolonged time interval after the treatment. Our data point to links between molecular mechanisms involved in cancer and AD, and to the potential applicability of some anti-cancer treatments against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Mezencev
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Krone Engineered Biosystems Building, 950 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000, USA
| | - Yury O. Chernoff
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Krone Engineered Biosystems Building, 950 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000, USA
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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19
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Jiang X, Zhu Y, Liu H, Chen S, Zhang D. Effect of BIN1 on cardiac dysfunction and malignant arrhythmias. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13429. [PMID: 31837094 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the end-stage syndrome for most cardiac diseases, and the 5-year morbidity and mortality of HF remain high. Malignant arrhythmia is the main cause of sudden death in the progression of HF. Recently, bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) was discovered as a regulator of transverse tubule function and calcium signalling in cardiomyocytes. BIN1 downregulation is linked to abnormal cardiac contraction, and it increases the possibility of malignant arrhythmias preceding HF. Because of the detectability of cardiac BIN1 in peripheral blood, BIN1 may serve as a predictor of HF and may be useful in therapy development. However, the mechanism of BIN1 downregulation in HF and how BIN1 regulates normal cardiac function under physiological conditions remain unclear. In this review, recent progress in the biological studies of BIN1-related cardiomyocytes and the effect of cardiac dysfunction and malignant arrhythmia will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Xin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Rong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Ming Liu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Yunnan P. R. China
| | - Shao‐Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Dai‐Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu P. R. China
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20
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Han Z, Wang T, Tian R, Zhou W, Wang P, Ren P, Zong J, Hu Y, Jin S, Jiang Q. BIN1 rs744373 variant shows different association with Alzheimer's disease in Caucasian and Asian populations. BMC Bioinformatics 2019; 20:691. [PMID: 31874619 PMCID: PMC6929404 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-019-3264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between BIN1 rs744373 variant and Alzheimer's disease (AD) had been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs) as well as candidate gene studies in Caucasian populations. But in East Asian populations, both positive and negative results had been identified by association studies. Considering the smaller sample sizes of the studies in East Asian, we believe that the results did not have enough statistical power. RESULTS We conducted a meta-analysis with 71,168 samples (22,395 AD cases and 48,773 controls, from 37 studies of 19 articles). Based on the additive model, we observed significant genetic heterogeneities in pooled populations as well as Caucasians and East Asians. We identified a significant association between rs744373 polymorphism with AD in pooled populations (P = 5 × 10- 07, odds ratio (OR) = 1.12, and 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.17) and in Caucasian populations (P = 3.38 × 10- 08, OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.10-1.22). But in the East Asian populations, the association was not identified (P = 0.393, OR = 1.057, and 95% CI 0.95-1.15). Besides, the regression analysis suggested no significant publication bias. The results for sensitivity analysis as well as meta-analysis under the dominant model and recessive model remained consistent, which demonstrated the reliability of our finding. CONCLUSIONS The large-scale meta-analysis highlighted the significant association between rs744373 polymorphism and AD risk in Caucasian populations but not in the East Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifa Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Tian
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyang Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Ren
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Zong
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Shuilin Jin
- Department of Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
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21
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Li KW, Ganz AB, Smit AB. Proteomics of neurodegenerative diseases: analysis of human post-mortem brain. J Neurochem 2019; 151:435-445. [PMID: 30289976 PMCID: PMC6899881 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dementias are prevalent brain disorders in the aged population. Dementias pose major socio-medical burden, but currently there is no cure available. Novel proteomics approaches hold promise to identify alterations of the brain proteome that could provide clues on disease etiology, and identify candidate proteins to develop further as a biomarker. In this review, we focus on recent proteomics findings from brains affected with Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson Disease Dementia, Frontotemporal Dementia, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. These studies confirmed known cellular changes, and in addition identified novel proteins that may underlie distinct aspects of the diseases. This article is part of the special issue "Proteomics".
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Affiliation(s)
- K. W. Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular NeurobiologyCenter for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andrea B. Ganz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular NeurobiologyCenter for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - August B. Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular NeurobiologyCenter for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchAmsterdam NeuroscienceVrije UniversiteitAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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22
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Abstract
Ageing is the primary risk factor for most neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD). One in ten individuals aged ≥65 years has AD and its prevalence continues to increase with increasing age. Few or no effective treatments are available for ageing-related neurodegenerative diseases, which tend to progress in an irreversible manner and are associated with large socioeconomic and personal costs. This Review discusses the pathogenesis of AD, PD and other neurodegenerative diseases, and describes their associations with the nine biological hallmarks of ageing: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, deregulated nutrient sensing, stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communication. The central biological mechanisms of ageing and their potential as targets of novel therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are also discussed, with potential therapies including NAD+ precursors, mitophagy inducers and inhibitors of cellular senescence.
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23
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Zhang C, Hu R, Zhang G, Zhe Y, Hu B, He J, Wang Z, Qi X. A Weighted Genetic Risk Score Based on Four APOE-Independent Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Loci May Supplement APOE E4 for Better Disease Prediction. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:433-443. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Kong C, Xie H, Gao Z, Shao M, Li H, Shi R, Cai L, Gao S, Sun T, Li C. Binding between Prion Protein and Aβ Oligomers Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Virol Sin 2019; 34:475-488. [PMID: 31093882 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of evidence suggests that protein misfolding and aggregation are underlying mechanisms of various neurodegenerative diseases, such as prion diseases and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Like prion diseases, AD has been considered as an infectious disease in the past decades as it shows strain specificity and transmission potential. Although it remains elusive how protein aggregation leads to AD, it is becoming clear that cellular prion protein (PrPC) plays an important role in AD pathogenesis. Here, we briefly reviewed AD pathogenesis and focused on recent progresses how PrPC contributed to AD development. In addition, we proposed a potential mechanism to explain why infectious agents, such as viruses, conduce AD pathogenesis. Microbe infections cause Aβ deposition and upregulation of PrPC, which lead to high affinity binding between Aβ oligomers and PrPC. The interaction between PrPC and Aβ oligomers in turn activates the Fyn signaling cascade, resulting in neuron death in the central nervous system (CNS). Thus, silencing PrPC expression may turn out be an effective treatment for PrPC dependent AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China.,State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Hao Xie
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhenxing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ming Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Run Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lili Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
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25
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Chen AH, Ge W, Metcalf W, Jakobsson E, Mainzer LS, Lipka AE. An assessment of true and false positive detection rates of stepwise epistatic model selection as a function of sample size and number of markers. Heredity (Edinb) 2019; 122:660-671. [PMID: 30443009 PMCID: PMC6462028 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-018-0162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Association studies have been successful at identifying genomic regions associated with important traits, but routinely employ models that only consider the additive contribution of an individual marker. Because quantitative trait variability typically arises from multiple additive and non-additive sources, utilization of statistical approaches that include main and two-way interaction marker effects of several loci in one model could lead to unprecedented characterization of these sources. Here we examine the ability of one such approach, called the Stepwise Procedure for constructing an Additive and Epistatic Multi-Locus model (SPAEML), to detect additive and epistatic signals simulated using maize and human marker data. Our results revealed that SPAEML was capable of detecting quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) at sample sizes as low as n = 300 and consistently specifying signals as additive and epistatic for larger sizes. Sample size and minor allele frequency had a major influence on SPAEML's ability to distinguish between additive and epistatic signals, while the number of markers tested did not. We conclude that SPAEML is a useful approach for providing further elucidation of the additive and epistatic sources contributing to trait variability when applied to a small subset of genome-wide markers located within specific genomic regions identified using a priori analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela H Chen
- Department of Statistics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Weihao Ge
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - William Metcalf
- Department of Computer Sciences, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN, 47803, USA
| | - Eric Jakobsson
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Liudmila Sergeevna Mainzer
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Alexander E Lipka
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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26
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Fang X, Tang W, Yang F, Lu W, Cai J, Ni J, Zhang J, Tang W, Li T, Zhang DF, Zhang C. A Comprehensive Analysis of the CaMK2A Gene and Susceptibility to Alzheimer's Disease in the Han Chinese Population. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:84. [PMID: 31031618 PMCID: PMC6470288 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There is ample evidence suggesting that calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II alpha (CaMK2A) may play an important role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This genetic study aimed to investigate whether CaMK2A confers susceptibility to the development of AD in the Han Chinese population. A total of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within CaMK2A were screened in two independent cohorts from southwestern China (333 AD patients and 334 controls) and eastern China (382 AD patients and 426 controls) to discern the potential association between this gene and AD. In addition, a cross-platform normalized expression resource was used to investigate whether CaMK2A is differentially expressed in the brain between individuals with AD and the controls. In addition, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was used to explore the differences in CaMK2A expression in the brain among different genotypes. The cross-platform normalized data showed significant differences in CaMK2A expression in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex and temporal cortex between the AD patients and the control subjects (|log FC| > 0.1, P < 0.05); however, only the differences in the hippocampus and temporal cortex remained after the multiple comparisons correction [false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected, P < 0.05]. The frequency of the rs4958445 genotype was significantly different between the AD subjects and the controls from southwestern China (P = 0.013, P = 0.034 after FDR correction). When the two samples were combined, rs4958445 still showed a significant association with AD (P = 0.044). Haplotype analysis indicated that the T-A-C-A-T-C-C and T-G-C-A-T-C-C haplotypes in the southwestern cohort and the T-G-C-G-C-T-C haplotype in the eastern cohort, consisting of rs10051644, rs6869634, rs3797617, rs3756577, rs4958445, rs10515639 and rs6881743, showed a significant association with AD (P = 0.037, P = 0.026 and P = 0.045, respectively). Furthermore, the brain eQTL analysis revealed a significant association between the rs4958445 polymorphism and CaMK2A expression in the inferior olivary nucleus (P = 0.029). Our results suggest an important role for CaMK2A in the pathophysiology of AD in the Han Chinese population, especially the southwestern population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Fang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fuyin Yang
- Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weihong Lu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianliang Ni
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Wenxin Tang
- Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Huaxi Brain Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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27
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Zhang DF, Xu M, Bi R, Yao YG. Genetic Analyses of Alzheimer's Disease in China: Achievements and Perspectives. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:890-901. [PMID: 30698408 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2010, the Chinese have become one of the most aged populations in the world, leading to a severe burden of neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and has a high genetic heritability. In the past two decades, numerous genetic analyses, from linkage analyses and candidate gene studies to genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and next-generation sequencing studies, have identified dozens of AD susceptibility or causal genes. These studies have provided a comprehensive genetic view and contributed to the understanding of the pathological and molecular mechanisms of the disease. However, most of the recognized AD genetic risk factors have been reported in studies based on European populations or populations of European ancestry, and data about the genetics of AD from other populations has been very limited. As China has the largest AD population in the world and because of the remarkable genetic differences between the East and the West, deciphering the genetic basis and molecular mechanism in Chinese patients with AD may add key points to the full characterization of AD. In this review, we present an overview of the current state of AD genetic research in China, with an emphasis on genome-level studies. We also describe the challenges and opportunities for future advances, especially for in-depth collaborations, brain bank construction, and primate animal modeling. There is an urgent need to promote public awareness and increase our collaborations and data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
| | - Rui Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Kunming Institute of Zoology−Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
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28
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Shi Z, Yu H, Wu Y, Ford M, Perschon C, Wang C, Zheng SL, Xu J. Genetic risk score modifies the effect of APOE on risk and age onset of Alzheimer's disease. Clin Genet 2018; 95:302-309. [PMID: 30460685 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genetic risk score (GRS) and APOE genotype are both important in risk prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the interaction between GRS and APOE has not been extensively investigated. Our objective was to determine whether GRS modifies the APOE effect on AD risk and age at onset (AAO). The study included 774 AD cases and 767 controls of European descent. Population standardized GRS was calculated based on 17 previously implicated AD risk-associated SNPs. Association was analyzed using logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier curve. We found that GRS was significantly associated with AD risk and the association was stronger among APOE ε4 carriers. Compared to ε4 non-carriers, the Odds Ratio (OR) for AD was 8.09 (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 4.98-13.63) for ε4 carriers with high-GRS (≥1.5). In contrast, the OR was 2.55 (95% CI: 1.46-4.49) for ε4 carriers with low-GRS (<0.6). In conclusion, these results suggest SNP-based GRS may supplement APOE for better assessment of inherited risk and age of onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Hongjie Yu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Yishuo Wu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Madison Ford
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Chelsea Perschon
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Chihsiung Wang
- Center for Biomedical Research Informatics, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Siqun L Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois.,Fudan Institute of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Zhu B, Li LX, Zhang L, Yang S, Tian Y, Guo SS, Zhang W, Zhao ZG. Correlation of PICALM polymorphism rs3851179 with Alzheimer's disease among Caucasian and Chinese populations: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1849-1857. [PMID: 30039188 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The rs3851179 which located at upstream of PICALM was reported to be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the relationship is still undefined. To gain a more precise understanding of the association, we conducted a meta-analysis: a comprehensive survey of 16 case-control studies that evaluated the role of rs3851179 gene variants in AD patients. The overall analysis revealed a significant association between the polymorphism and AD in the allelic, homozygote, heterozygote, dominant, and recessive models (p < 0.05). When stratified by ethnicity, a significant association was observed between AD development in Caucasian populations and the five-genetic models; Asian populations, however, featured a significant association in only the allelic, homozygote, and recessive models. We did not observe any influence of APOE ε4 carrier status on the incidence of AD and rs3851179 (p > 0.05). Our meta-analysis thus suggested that the PICALM rs3851179 polymorphism was associated with AD; the APOE ε4 status did not influence the relationship. Nevertheless, considering the limitations of our meta-analysis, further large-scale studies should be conducted to gain a more comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li-Xia Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Todd M, Schneper L, Vasunilashorn SM, Notterman D, Ullman MT, Goldman N. Apolipoprotein E, cognitive function, and cognitive decline among older Taiwanese adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206118. [PMID: 30339707 PMCID: PMC6195295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is believed to play a role in the onset of dementia, though less is known about its relationship with non-pathogenic age-related cognitive decline. We assessed whether APOE was a risk factor for cognitive decline among older Taiwanese adults using nationally representative data. General cognition was measured longitudinally over eleven years; domain-specific cognitive assessments of working memory, declarative learning and three aspects of attention (executive function, alerting, and orientation) were performed once. Having at least one risky APOE allele was associated with more rapid longitudinal cognitive decline compared to those with no risky alleles. Some evidence from the cross-sectional analysis of domain-specific cognitive assessments suggested that APOE genotype may be more closely associated with working memory and declarative learning than with attention. Most genetic studies of cognition include only populations of European descent; extension is crucial. This study confirmed the association between APOE genotype and the rate of cognitive decline in a predominantly Han Chinese population. Additional studies on diverse populations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Todd
- Columbia Aging Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lisa Schneper
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sarinnapha M. Vasunilashorn
- Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daniel Notterman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Ullman
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Noreen Goldman
- Office of Population Research and Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
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Genetic association of the cytochrome c oxidase-related genes with Alzheimer's disease in Han Chinese. Neuropsychopharmacology 2018; 43:2264-2276. [PMID: 30054583 PMCID: PMC6135758 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been widely reported in AD due to its important role in cellular metabolism and energy production. Complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase, COX) of mitochondrial electron transport chain, is particularly vulnerable in AD. Defects of COX in AD have been well documented, but there is little evidence to support the genetic association of the COX-related genes with AD. In this study, we investigated the genetic association between 17 nuclear-encoded COX-related genes and AD in 1572 Han Chinese. The whole exons of these genes were also screened in 107 unrelated AD patients with a high probability of hereditarily transmitted AD. Variants in COX6B1, NDUFA4, SURF1, and COX10 were identified to be associated with AD. An integrative analysis with data of eQTL, expression and pathology revealed that most of the COX-related genes were significantly downregulated in AD patients and mouse models, and the AD-associated variants in COX6B1, SURF1, and COX10 were linked to altered mRNA levels in brain tissues. Furthermore, mRNA levels of Ndufa4, Cox5a, Cox10, Cox6b2, Cox7a2, and Lrpprc were significantly correlated with Aβ plaque burden in hippocampus of AD mice. Convergent functional genomics analysis revealed strong supportive evidence for the roles of COX6B1, COX10, NDUFA4, and SURF1 in AD. As the result of our comprehensive analysis of the COX-related genes at the genetic, expression, and pathology levels, we have been able to provide a systematic view for understanding the relationships of the COX-related genes in the pathology of AD.
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Han Z, Qu J, Zhao J, Zou X. Analyzing 74,248 Samples Confirms the Association Between CLU rs11136000 Polymorphism and Alzheimer's Disease in Caucasian But Not Chinese population. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11062. [PMID: 30038359 PMCID: PMC6056482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is considered one of the most important roles for pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The early genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified the CLU rs11136000 polymorphism is significantly associated with AD in Caucasian. However, the subsequent studies are unable to replicate these findings in different populations. Although two independent meta-analyses show evidence to support significant association in Asian and Caucasian populations by integrating the data from 18 and 25 related GWAS studies, respectively, many of the following 18 studies also reported the inconsistent results. Moreover, there are six missed and a misclassified GWAS studies in the two meta-analyses. Therefore, we suspected that the small-scale and incompletion or heterogeneity of the samples maybe lead to different results of these studies. In this study, large-scale samples from 50 related GWAS studies (28,464 AD cases and 45,784 controls) were selected afresh from seven authoritative sources to reevaluate the effect of rs11136000 polymorphism to AD risk. Similarly, we identified that the minor allele variant of rs11136000 significantly decrease AD risk in Caucasian ethnicity using the allele, dominant and recessive model. Different from the results of the previous studies, however, the results showed a negligible or no association in Asian and Chinese populations. Collectively, our analysis suggests that, for Asian and Chinese populations, the variant of rs11136000 may be irrelevant to AD risk. We believe that these findings can help to improve the understanding of the AD's pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Han
- Innovative Drug Research and Bioinformatics Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Jiaojiao Qu
- Institute of Fungus Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jiehong Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guiyang University of Chinese Medicine, Guian new area, 550025, China
| | - Xiao Zou
- Institute of Fungus Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Chang YT, Huang CW, Huang SH, Hsu SW, Chang WN, Lee JJ, Chang CC. Genetic interaction is associated with lower metabolic connectivity and memory impairment in clinically mild Alzheimer's disease. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 18:e12490. [PMID: 29883038 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic connectivity as showed by [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) reflects neuronal connectivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic impact on metabolic connectivity in default mode subnetworks and its clinical-pathological relationships in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We separately investigated the modulation of 2 default mode subnetworks, as identified with independent component analysis, by comparing APOE-ε4 carriers to noncarriers with AD. We further analyzed the interaction effects of APOE (APOE-ε4 carriers vs noncarriers) with PICALM (rs3851179-GG vs rs3851179-A-allele carriers) on episodic memory (EM) deficits, reduction in cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRgl) and decreased metabolic connectivity in default mode subnetworks. The metabolic connectivity in the ventral default mode network (vDMN) was positively correlated with EM scores (β =0.441, P < .001). The APOE-ε4 carriers had significantly lower metabolic connectivity in the vDMN than the APOE-ε4 carriers (t(96) = -2.233, P = .028). There was an effect of the APOE-PICALM (rs3851179) interactions on reduced CMRgl in regions of vDMN (P < .001), and on memory deficits (F3,93 =5.568, P = .020). This study identified that PICALM may modulates memory deficits, reduced CMRgl and decreased metabolic connectivity in the vDMN in APOE-ε4 carriers. [18F] FDG-PET-based metabolic connectivity may serve a useful tool to elucidate the neural networks underlying clinical-pathological relationships in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-T Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-W Huang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-H Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S-W Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W-N Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - J-J Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C-C Chang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Identification of genetic risk factors in the Chinese population implicates a role of immune system in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:1697-1706. [PMID: 29432188 PMCID: PMC5828602 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1715554115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of mortality among the elderly. We performed a whole-genome sequencing study of AD in the Chinese population. In addition to the variants identified in or around the APOE locus (sentinel variant rs73052335, P = 1.44 × 10-14), two common variants, GCH1 (rs72713460, P = 4.36 × 10-5) and KCNJ15 (rs928771, P = 3.60 × 10-6), were identified and further verified for their possible risk effects for AD in three small non-Asian AD cohorts. Genotype-phenotype analysis showed that KCNJ15 variant rs928771 affects the onset age of AD, with earlier disease onset in minor allele carriers. In addition, altered expression level of the KCNJ15 transcript can be observed in the blood of AD subjects. Moreover, the risk variants of GCH1 and KCNJ15 are associated with changes in their transcript levels in specific tissues, as well as changes of plasma biomarkers levels in AD subjects. Importantly, network analysis of hippocampus and blood transcriptome datasets suggests that the risk variants in the APOE, GCH1, and KCNJ15 loci might exert their functions through their regulatory effects on immune-related pathways. Taking these data together, we identified common variants of GCH1 and KCNJ15 in the Chinese population that contribute to AD risk. These variants may exert their functional effects through the immune system.
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Zhu R, Liu X, He Z. Association between CLU gene rs11136000 polymorphism and Alzheimer's disease: an updated meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2018; 39:679-689. [PMID: 29396813 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified that the single nucleotide polymorphism rs11136000 in Clusterin (CLU) gene was associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Caucasian ancestry. However, recent studies reported either a weak association or no association between rs11136000 polymorphism and AD in Asian populations. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore whether rs11136000 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to AD in Asian populations. A total of 17 articles including 26 studies with 19,829 cases and 30,900 controls, which were identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE, and AlzGene up to Nov 2016, were collected for this meta-analysis. The significant association between rs11136000 and AD in the pooled population was found under all the models. In subgroup analysis, we identified significant association in Asian population under the additive mode (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.85-0.96) but not in the recessive model (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.53-1.21) and the dominant model (OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.86-1.03). Our analysis further supports previous findings that the rs11136000 polymorphism C allele is associated with AD susceptibility. To our knowledge, this is the new largest meta-analysis to access to the association of CLU rs11136000 polymorphism with AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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Genetic Risk Factors for Complex Forms of Alzheimer’s Disease. NEURODEGENER DIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72938-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Zhang W, Xin L, Lu Y. Integrative Analysis to Identify Common Genetic Markers of Metabolic Syndrome, Dementia, and Diabetes. Med Sci Monit 2017; 23:5885-5891. [PMID: 29229897 PMCID: PMC5737114 DOI: 10.12659/msm.905521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data have established links between systemic metabolic dysfunction, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS), with neurocognitive impairment, including dementia. The common gene signature and the associated signaling pathways of MetS, diabetes, and dementia have not been widely studied. MATERIAL AND METHODS We exploited the translational bioinformatics approach to choose the common gene signatures for both dementia and MetS. For this we employed "DisGeNET discovery platform". RESULTS Gene mining analysis revealed that a total of 173 genes (86 genes common to all three diseases) which comprised a proportion of 43% of the total genes associated with dementia. The gene enrichment analysis showed that these genes were involved in dysregulation in the neurological system (23.2%) and the central nervous system (20.8%) phenotype processes. The network analysis revealed APOE, APP, PARK2, CEPBP, PARP1, MT-CO2, CXCR4, IGFIR, CCR5, and PIK3CD as important nodes with significant interacting partners. The meta-regression analysis showed modest association of APOE with dementia and metabolic complications. The directionality of effects of the variants on Alzheimer disease is generally consistent with previous observations and did not differ by race/ethnicity (p>0.05), although our study had low power for this test. CONCLUSIONS Our novel approach showed APOE as a common gene signature with a link to dementia, MetS, and diabetes. Future gene association studies should focus on the association of gene polymorphisms with multiple disease models to identify novel putative drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ying Lu
- Corresponding Author: Ying Lu, e-mail:
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38
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Dos Santos LR, Pimassoni LHS, Sena GGS, Camporez D, Belcavello L, Trancozo M, Morelato RL, Errera FIV, Bueno MRP, de Paula F. Validating GWAS Variants from Microglial Genes Implicated in Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2017; 62:215-221. [PMID: 28477215 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder that corresponds to most Alzheimer's disease (AD) cases. Inflammation is frequently related to AD, whereas microglial cells are the major phagocytes in the brain and mediate the removal of Aβ peptides. Microglial cell dsyregulation might contribute to the formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark of AD. Genome-wide association studies have reported genetic loci associated with the inflammatory pathway involved in AD. Among them, rs3865444 CD33, rs3764650 ABCA7, rs6656401 CR1, and rs610932 MS4A6A variants in microglial genes are associated with LOAD. These variants are proposed to participate in the clearance of Aβ peptides. However, their association with LOAD was not validated in all case-control studies. Thus, the present work aimed to assess the involvement of CD33 (rs3865444), ABCA7 (rs3764650), CR1 (rs6656401), and MS4A6A (rs610932) with LOAD in a sample from southeastern Brazil. The genotype frequencies were assessed in 79 AD patients and 145 healthy elders matched for sex and age. We found that rs3865444 CD33 acts as a protective factor against LOAD. These results support a role for the inflammatory pathway in LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Ramos Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de CiênciasHumanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio BárbaraWeinberg, Sala 102, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | | | - Geralda Gillian Silva Sena
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de CiênciasHumanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio BárbaraWeinberg, Sala 102, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil.,Departamento de Educação Integrada em Saúde, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Daniela Camporez
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de CiênciasHumanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio BárbaraWeinberg, Sala 102, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Luciano Belcavello
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de CiênciasHumanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio BárbaraWeinberg, Sala 102, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil
| | - Maíra Trancozo
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de CiênciasHumanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio BárbaraWeinberg, Sala 102, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Renato Lírio Morelato
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Flavia Imbroisi Valle Errera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Flavia de Paula
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro de CiênciasHumanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Av. Fernando Ferrari, 514, Prédio BárbaraWeinberg, Sala 102, Vitória, ES, 29075-910, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Li GD, Bi R, Zhang DF, Xu M, Luo R, Wang D, Fang Y, Li T, Zhang C, Yao YG. Female-specific effect of the BDNF gene on Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 53:192.e11-192.e19. [PMID: 28202203 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in the progression of AD, but the genetic association between BDNF and AD remains controversial. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential association between genetic variants in BDNF and AD in Han Chinese and to investigate whether the association is affected by gender. A 3-stage study was conducted to evaluate the genetic association between BDNF and AD. Data mining of the reported expression data, brain-imaging data, and biomarker data in AD patients was also performed to further validate the results. We found a female-specific genetic association of rs6265 with AD and a gender-related messenger RNA expression of BDNF in brain tissues of AD patients. In addition, we observed a clear female-specific risk trend for the effect of rs6265 on AD endophenotypes. Our results clarified the available controversies regarding the role of rs6265 in AD and indicated that BDNF may be a female-specific risk gene for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rui Bi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rongcan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Yiru Fang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- The Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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40
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Su F, Shu H, Ye Q, Xie C, Yuan B, Zhang Z, Bai F. Integration of Multilocus Genetic Risk into the Default Mode Network Longitudinal Trajectory during the Alzheimer’s Disease Process. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 56:491-507. [PMID: 28035927 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Su
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunming Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoyu Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Bai
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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41
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Bi R, Kong LL, Xu M, Li GD, Zhang DF, Li T, Fang Y, Zhang C, Zhang B, Yao YG. The Arc Gene Confers Genetic Susceptibility to Alzheimer’s Disease in Han Chinese. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1217-1226. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0397-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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42
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Hou Y, Song H, Croteau DL, Akbari M, Bohr VA. Genome instability in Alzheimer disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 161:83-94. [PMID: 27105872 PMCID: PMC5195918 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. Autosomal dominant, familial AD (fAD) is very rare and caused by mutations in amyloid precursor protein (APP), presenilin-1 (PSEN-1), and presenilin-2 (PSEN-2) genes. The pathogenesis of sporadic AD (sAD) is more complex and variants of several genes are associated with an increased lifetime risk of AD. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA integrity is pivotal during neuronal development, maintenance and function. DNA damage and alterations in cellular DNA repair capacity have been implicated in the aging process and in age-associated neurodegenerative diseases, including AD. These findings are supported by research using animal models of AD and in DNA repair deficient animal models. In recent years, novel mechanisms linking DNA damage to neuronal dysfunction have been identified and have led to the development of noninvasive treatment strategies. Further investigations into the molecular mechanisms connecting DNA damage to AD pathology may help to develop novel treatment strategies for this debilitating disease. Here we provide an overview of the role of genome instability and DNA repair deficiency in AD pathology and discuss research strategies that include genome instability as a component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Hou
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hyundong Song
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Deborah L Croteau
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mansour Akbari
- Center for Healthy Aging, SUND, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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Chen YC, Hsiao CJ, Jung CC, Hu HH, Chen JH, Lee WC, Chiou JM, Chen TF, Sun Y, Wen LL, Yip PK, Chu YM, Chen CJ, Yang HI. Performance Metrics for Selecting Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Late-onset Alzheimer's Disease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36155. [PMID: 27805002 PMCID: PMC5090242 DOI: 10.1038/srep36155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies using P-values to select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have suffered from high false-positive and false-negative results. This case-control study recruited 713 late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) cases and controls aged ≥65 from three teaching hospitals in northern Taiwan from 2007 to 2010. Performance metrics were used to select SNPs in stage 1, which were then genotyped to another dataset (stage 2). Four SNPs (CPXM2 rs2362967, APOC1 rs4420638, ZNF521 rs7230380, and rs12965520) were identified for LOAD by both traditional P-values (without correcting for multiple tests) and performance metrics. After correction for multiple tests, no SNPs were identified by traditional P-values. Simultaneous testing of APOE e4 and APOC1 rs4420638 (the SNP with the best performance in the performance metrics) significantly improved the low sensitivity of APOE e4 from 0.50 to 0.78. A point-based genetic model including these 2 SNPs and important covariates was constructed. Compared with elders with low-risks score (0-6), elders belonging to moderate-risk (score = 7-11) and high-risk (score = 12-18) groups showed a significantly increased risk of LOAD (adjusted odds ratio = 7.80 and 46.93, respectively; Ptrend < 0.0001). Performance metrics allow for identification of markers with moderate effect and are useful for creating genetic tests with clinical and public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ching Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Genes, Environment and Human Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jung Hsiao
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Jung
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Han Hu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Hau Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Genes, Environment and Human Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Min Chiou
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Fu Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology, En Chu Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Li Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Keung Yip
- Center of Neurological Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Chu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hwai-I Yang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tosto G, Reitz C. Genomics of Alzheimer's disease: Value of high-throughput genomic technologies to dissect its etiology. Mol Cell Probes 2016; 30:397-403. [PMID: 27618776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder in western countries, is clinically defined by progressive worsening in cognitive functions along with function and behavioral impairment. This ultimately results in complete incapacity and death. AD is a clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disease, and this is reflected by the numerous genetic findings that point to several diverse molecular mechanisms and pathways. Linkage, genome-wide association and next-generation sequencing studies have led to the identification of more than 20 novel susceptibility loci for AD. While these observations have significantly increased the knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets, a large part of the genetic component underlying AD is still unexplained. This review will summarize and discuss the major genetic findings and their potential impact on AD diagnosis and prediction of prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tosto
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christiane Reitz
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; The Dept. of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Inflammatory Cytokines and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review from the Perspective of Genetic Polymorphisms. Neurosci Bull 2016; 32:469-80. [PMID: 27568024 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-016-0055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammatory processes are a central feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in which microglia are over-activated, resulting in the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, deficiencies in the anti-inflammatory system may also contribute to neuroinflammation. Recently, advanced methods for the analysis of genetic polymorphisms have further supported the relationship between neuroinflammatory factors and AD risk because a series of polymorphisms in inflammation-related genes have been shown to be associated with AD. In this review, we summarize the polymorphisms of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines related to AD, primarily interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor beta, as well as their functional activity in AD pathology. Exploration of the relationship between inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms and AD risk may facilitate our understanding of AD pathogenesis and contribute to improved treatment strategies.
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Rare Genetic Variants of the Transthyretin Gene Are Associated with Alzheimer's Disease in Han Chinese. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5192-5200. [PMID: 27562180 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0065-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the world. The neuropathological characteristics of AD patients are the accumulation of extracellular plaques of β-amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Transthyretin (TTR) may alleviate AD symptom by reducing Aβ concentration in the brain. There were reports for a decreased TTR level in both AD brain and blood. However, there is still no robust evidence to support the genetic association of the TTR gene with AD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential association of TTR variation with AD by directly sequencing the whole exons and the promoter region of the TTR gene in 529 AD patients and 334 healthy controls from Han Chinese population. We found no association between TTR common variants and AD but observed an enrichment of TTR rare variants in AD patients relative to controls. Further in silico prediction analysis and functional assessment at the cellular level identified four potentially pathogenic rare variants in AD patients. In particular, variant c.-239C>A could potentially downregulate the TTR promoter activity; c.200+4A>G might influence the constitutive splicing of TTR mRNA; c.148G>A (p.V50M) and c.332C>T (p.A111V) would change the structure of TTR and decrease its Aβ-binding ability. Our results provided direct genetic evidence to support the active involvement of TTR in AD.
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Liu G, Xu Y, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Feng R, Jiang Q. PICALM rs3851179 Variant Confers Susceptibility to Alzheimer’s Disease in Chinese Population. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:3131-3136. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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CFH Variants Affect Structural and Functional Brain Changes and Genetic Risk of Alzheimer's Disease. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:1034-45. [PMID: 26243271 PMCID: PMC4748428 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The immune response is highly active in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Identification of genetic risk contributed by immune genes to AD may provide essential insight for the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of this neurodegenerative disease. In this study, we performed a genetic screening for AD-related top immune genes identified in Europeans in a Chinese cohort, followed by a multiple-stage study focusing on Complement Factor H (CFH) gene. Effects of the risk SNPs on AD-related neuroimaging endophenotypes were evaluated through magnetic resonance imaging scan, and the effects on AD cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (CSF) and CFH expression changes were measured in aged and AD brain tissues and AD cellular models. Our results showed that the AD-associated top immune genes reported in Europeans (CR1, CD33, CLU, and TREML2) have weak effects in Chinese, whereas CFH showed strong effects. In particular, rs1061170 (P(meta)=5.0 × 10(-4)) and rs800292 (P(meta)=1.3 × 10(-5)) showed robust associations with AD, which were confirmed in multiple world-wide sample sets (4317 cases and 16 795 controls). Rs1061170 (P=2.5 × 10(-3)) and rs800292 (P=4.7 × 10(-4)) risk-allele carriers have an increased entorhinal thickness in their young age and a higher atrophy rate as the disease progresses. Rs800292 risk-allele carriers have higher CSF tau and Aβ levels and severe cognitive decline. CFH expression level, which was affected by the risk-alleles, was increased in AD brains and cellular models. These comprehensive analyses suggested that CFH is an important immune factor in AD and affects multiple pathological changes in early life and during disease progress.
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Zhu R, Liu X, He Z. The Bridging Integrator 1 Gene Polymorphism rs744373 and the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease in Caucasian and Asian Populations: An Updated Meta-Analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1419-1428. [PMID: 26846281 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9760-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified an association between the bridging integrator 1 gene (BIN1) rs744373 polymorphism and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) in individuals of European ancestry. Additionally, a number of studies have focused on the association between rs744373 and Alzheimer's disease in Caucasian and East Asian populations. However, these results remain inconclusive because of the relatively small sample sizes investigated. Here, we reevaluated this association using samples from seven articles including 22 independent studies comprising 11,832 LOAD patients and 18,133 controls identified by searching PubMed, MEDLINE, and AlzGene databases up to December 2015. We observed no significant heterogeneity between Asian and Caucasian populations. Additive, dominant, and recessive models revealed a significant association between rs744373 and LOAD in the pooled population, while subgroup analysis also identified significant findings in the East Asian population under the additive model (odds ratio (OR) = 1.10, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.19, P = 0.01) and dominant model (OR = 1.13, 95 % CI 1.03-1.25, P = 0.01), but not under the recessive model. The current meta-analysis further supports previous findings that the rs744373 polymorphism may be associated with LOAD risk in Caucasian and Asian populations. To our knowledge, this is the first large meta-analysis to investigate the association between the rs744373 polymorphism and LOAD in East Asian, American, and European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
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50
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Dong X, Zhang L, Meng Q, Gao Q. Association Between Interleukin-1A, Interleukin-1B, and Bridging integrator 1 Polymorphisms and Alzheimer's Disease: a standard and Cumulative Meta-analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:736-747. [PMID: 26768592 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9683-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been one of the most prevalent health problems among senior population. Interleukin-1A (IL-1A) and IL-1B are two isoforms of IL-1. Recent studies suggested that certain polymorphisms on these two genes are associated with AD. Bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) is considered as common genetic risk factors for AD, whereas different studies have provided various conclusions regarding its role in AD. This study was designed to justify the association between multiple gene polymorphisms and AD through an evidence synthesis approach. We conducted a literature search to identify relevant articles published from 2000 to 2015 from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, in accordance with inclusion criteria. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the allele model. The effect estimates were summarized by both standard and cumulative meta-analysis. Finally, 54 articles with 88 independent studies were enrolled in this meta-analysis. Mutants in rs1800587 of IL-1A, rs1143634 of IL-1B, rs12989701, and rs744373 of BIN1 were significantly associated with AD onset. The difference effect of same single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on various ethnicities was also observed in our results. The present meta-analysis suggested that IL-1A, IL-1B, and BIN1 were candidate genes for AD pathogenesis. Polymorphisms of IL-1A, IL-1B, and BIN1 are associated with AD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliu Dong
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Qingling Meng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The People's Hospital of Qianxi County, Qianxi, 064300, China
| | - Qiuyan Gao
- Department of Ultrasound, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China
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