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Dominicci-Cotto C, Vazquez M, Marie B. The Wingless planar cell polarity pathway is essential for optimal activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2024; 16:1322771. [PMID: 38633293 PMCID: PMC11021733 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2024.1322771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
From fly to man, the Wingless (Wg)/Wnt signaling molecule is essential for both the stability and plasticity of the nervous system. The Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) has proven to be a useful system for deciphering the role of Wg in directing activity-dependent synaptic plasticity (ADSP), which, in the motoneuron, has been shown to be dependent on both the canonical and the noncanonical calcium Wg pathways. Here we show that the noncanonical planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway is an essential component of the Wg signaling system controlling plasticity at the motoneuron synapse. We present evidence that disturbing the PCP pathway leads to a perturbation in ADSP. We first show that a PCP-specific allele of disheveled (dsh) affects the de novo synaptic structures produced during ADSP. We then show that the Rho GTPases downstream of Dsh in the PCP pathway are also involved in regulating the morphological changes that take place after repeated stimulation. Finally, we show that Jun kinase is essential for this phenomenon, whereas we found no indication of the involvement of the transcription factor complex AP1 (Jun/Fos). This work shows the involvement of the neuronal PCP signaling pathway in supporting ADSP. Because we find that AP1 mutants can perform ADSP adequately, we hypothesize that, upon Wg activation, the Rho GTPases and Jun kinase are involved locally at the synapse, in instructing cytoskeletal dynamics responsible for the appearance of the morphological changes occurring during ADSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carihann Dominicci-Cotto
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Mariam Vazquez
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Bruno Marie
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Institute of Neurobiology, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, United States
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2
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Ko MY, Park H, Chon SH, Kim YB, Cha SW, Lee BS, Hyun SA, Ka M. Differential regulations of neural activity and survival in primary cortical neurons by PFOA or PFHpA. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141379. [PMID: 38316277 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), organofluoride compounds comprising carbon-fluorine and carbon-carbon bonds, are used as water and oil repellents in textiles and pharmaceutical tablets; however, they are associated with potential neurotoxic effects. Moreover, the impact of PFCs on neuronal survival, activity, and regulation within the brain remains unclear. Additionally, the mechanisms through which PFCs induce neuronal toxicity are not well-understood because of the paucity of data. This study elucidates that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) exert differential effects on the survival and activity of primary cortical neurons. Although PFOA triggers apoptosis in cortical neurons, PFHpA does not exhibit this effect. Instead, PFHpA modifies dendritic spine morphogenesis and synapse formation in primary cortical neuronal cultures, additionally enhancing neural activity and synaptic transmission. This research uncovers a novel mechanism through which PFCs (PFHpA and PFOA) cause distinct alterations in dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic activity, shedding light on the molecular basis for the atypical behaviors noted following PFC exposure. Understanding the distinct effects of PFHpA and PFOA could guide regulatory policies on PFC usage and inform clinical approaches to mitigate their neurotoxic effects, especially in vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon Yi Ko
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Park
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea; Collage of Veterinary of Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hwa Chon
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Woo Cha
- Department of Nonclinical Studies, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Ae Hyun
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minhan Ka
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Griffin EN, Jucius T, Sim SE, Harris BS, Heinz S, Ackerman SL. RREB1 regulates neuronal proteostasis and the microtubule network. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh3929. [PMID: 38198538 PMCID: PMC10780896 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh3929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors play vital roles in neuron development; however, little is known about the role of these proteins in maintaining neuronal homeostasis. Here, we show that the transcription factor RREB1 (Ras-responsive element-binding protein 1) is essential for neuron survival in the mammalian brain. A spontaneous mouse mutation causing loss of a nervous system-enriched Rreb1 transcript is associated with progressive loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells and ataxia. Analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing, along with RNA sequencing data revealed dysregulation of RREB1 targets associated with the microtubule cytoskeleton. In agreement with the known role of microtubules in dendritic development, dendritic complexity was disrupted in Rreb1-deficient neurons. Analysis of sequencing data also suggested that RREB1 plays a role in the endomembrane system. Mutant Purkinje cells had fewer numbers of autophagosomes and lysosomes and contained P62- and ubiquitin-positive inclusions. Together, these studies demonstrate that RREB1 functions to maintain the microtubule network and proteostasis in mammalian neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N. Griffin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Thomas Jucius
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Su-Eon Sim
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Sven Heinz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan L. Ackerman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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4
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Liu B, Li Y, Ren M, Li X. Targeted approaches to delineate neuronal morphology during early development. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1259360. [PMID: 37854514 PMCID: PMC10579594 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1259360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the developmental changes that affect neurons is a key step in exploring the assembly and maturation of neural circuits in the brain. For decades, researchers have used a number of labeling techniques to visualize neuronal morphology at different stages of development. However, the efficiency and accuracy of neuronal labeling technologies are limited by the complexity and fragility of neonatal brains. In this review, we illustrate the various labeling techniques utilized for examining the neurogenesis and morphological changes occurring during the early stages of development. We compare the advantages and limitations of each technique from different aspects. Then, we highlight the gaps remaining in our understanding of the structure of neurons in the neonatal mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yuxiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Miao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiangning Li
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Research Unit of Multimodal Cross Scale Neural Signal Detection and Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI, Suzhou, China
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5
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Peralta Cuasolo YM, Dupraz S, Unsain N, Bisbal M, Quassollo G, Galiano MR, Grassi D, Quiroga S, Sosa LJ. The GTPase Rab21 is required for neuronal development and migration in the cerebral cortex. J Neurochem 2023; 166:790-808. [PMID: 37534523 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Development of the mammalian neocortex requires proper inside-out migration of developing cortical neurons from the germinal ventricular zone toward the cortical plate. The mechanics of this migration requires precise coordination of different cellular phenomena including cytoskeleton dynamics, membrane trafficking, and cell adhesion. The small GTPases play a central role in all these events. The small GTPase Rab21 regulates migration and neurite growth in developing neurons. Moreover, regulators and effectors of Rab21 have been implicated in brain pathologies with cortical malformations, suggesting a key function for the Rab21 signaling pathway in cortical development. Mechanistically, it has been posited that Rab21 influences cell migration by controlling the trafficking of endocytic vesicles containing adhesion molecules. However, direct evidence of the participation of Rab21 or its mechanism of action in the regulation of cortical migration is still incomplete. In this study, we demonstrate that Rab21 plays a critical role in the differentiation and migration of pyramidal neurons by regulating the levels of the amyloid precursor protein on the neuronal cell surface. Rab21 loss of function increased the levels of membrane-exposed APP, resulting in impaired cortical neuronal differentiation and migration. These findings further our understanding of the processes governing the development of the cerebral cortex and shed light onto the molecular mechanisms behind cortical development disorders derived from the malfunctioning of Rab21 signaling effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Macarena Peralta Cuasolo
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Dupraz
- Axonal Growth and Regeneration, German Center for Neurodegenarative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicolas Unsain
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular (CeBiCeM, FCEFyN-UNC), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mariano Bisbal
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Universitario Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gonzalo Quassollo
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra (INIMEC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio R Galiano
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Diego Grassi
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Quiroga
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lucas Javier Sosa
- Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwell Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, CIQUIBIC-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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6
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Tano V, Utami KH, Yusof NABM, Bégin J, Tan WWL, Pouladi MA, Langley SR. Widespread dysregulation of mRNA splicing implicates RNA processing in the development and progression of Huntington's disease. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104720. [PMID: 37481821 PMCID: PMC10393612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Huntington's disease (HD), a CAG repeat expansion mutation in the Huntingtin (HTT) gene drives a gain-of-function toxicity that disrupts mRNA processing. Although dysregulation of gene splicing has been shown in human HD post-mortem brain tissue, post-mortem analyses are likely confounded by cell type composition changes in late-stage HD, limiting the ability to identify dysregulation related to early pathogenesis. METHODS To investigate gene splicing changes in early HD, we performed alternative splicing analyses coupled with a proteogenomics approach to identify early CAG length-associated splicing changes in an established isogenic HD cell model. FINDINGS We report widespread neuronal differentiation stage- and CAG length-dependent splicing changes, and find an enrichment of RNA processing, neuronal function, and epigenetic modification-related genes with mutant HTT-associated splicing. When integrated with a proteomics dataset, we identified several of these differential splicing events at the protein level. By comparing with human post-mortem and mouse model data, we identified common patterns of altered splicing from embryonic stem cells through to post-mortem striatal tissue. INTERPRETATION We show that widespread splicing dysregulation in HD occurs in an early cell model of neuronal development. Importantly, we observe HD-associated splicing changes in our HD cell model that were also identified in human HD striatum and mouse model HD striatum, suggesting that splicing-associated pathogenesis possibly occurs early in neuronal development and persists to later stages of disease. Together, our results highlight splicing dysregulation in HD which may lead to disrupted neuronal function and neuropathology. FUNDING This research is supported by the Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore Nanyang Assistant Professorship Start-Up Grant, the Singapore Ministry of Education under its Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 1 (RG23/22), the BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Investigator Grant Award (IGAP), and a Scholar Award from the Michael Smith Health Research BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Tano
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Kagistia Hana Utami
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore; Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Nur Amirah Binte Mohammad Yusof
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Jocelyn Bégin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Willy Wei Li Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Mahmoud A Pouladi
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Medical Genetics, Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Sarah R Langley
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
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Salem D, Fecek RJ. Role of microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) in bipolar disorder pathophysiology and potential in lithium therapeutic mechanism. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:221. [PMID: 37353479 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) are life-long disorders that account for significant morbidity in afflicted patients. The etiology of BPAD is complex, combining genetic and environmental factors to increase the risk of disease. Genetic studies have pointed toward cytoskeletal dysfunction as a potential molecular mechanism through which BPAD may arise and have implicated proteins that regulate the cytoskeleton as risk factors. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is a giant cytoskeletal crosslinking protein that can coordinate the different aspects of the mammalian cytoskeleton with a wide variety of actions. In this review, we seek to highlight the functions of MACF1 in the nervous system and the molecular mechanisms leading to BPAD pathogenesis. We also offer a brief perspective on MACF1 and the role it may be playing in lithium's mechanism of action in treating BPAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Salem
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Department of Microbiology, Greensburg, USA
- University of Maryland Medical Center/Sheppard Pratt Psychiatry Residency Program, Baltimore, USA
| | - Ronald J Fecek
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine at Seton Hill, Department of Microbiology, Greensburg, USA.
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8
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Ka M, Moffat JJ, Kim WY. MACF1, Involved in the 1p34.2p34.3 Microdeletion Syndrome, is Essential in Cortical Progenitor Polarity and Brain Integrity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:2187-2204. [PMID: 33871731 PMCID: PMC8523589 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
1p34.2p34.3 deletion syndrome is characterized by an increased risk for autism. Microtubule Actin Crosslinking Factor 1 (MACF1) is one candidate gene for this syndrome. It is unclear, however, how MACF1 deletion is linked to brain development and neurodevelopmental deficits. Here we report on Macf1 deletion in the developing mouse cerebral cortex, focusing on radial glia polarity and morphological integrity, as these are critical factors in brain formation. We found that deleting Macf1 during cortical development resulted in double cortex/subcortical band heterotopia as well as disrupted cortical lamination. Macf1-deleted radial progenitors showed increased proliferation rates compared to control cells but failed to remain confined within their defined proliferation zone in the developing brain. The overproliferation of Macf1-deleted radial progenitors was associated with elevated cell cycle speed and re-entry. Microtubule stability and actin polymerization along the apical ventricular area were decreased in the Macf1 mutant cortex. Correspondingly, there was a disconnection between radial glial fibers and the apical and pial surfaces. Finally, we observed that Macf1-mutant mice exhibited social deficits and aberrant emotional behaviors. Together, these results suggest that MACF1 plays a critical role in cortical progenitor proliferation and localization by promoting glial fiber stabilization and polarization. Our findings may provide insights into the pathogenic mechanism underlying the 1p34.2p34.3 deletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- Research Center for Substance Abuse Pharmacology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeffrey J Moffat
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.
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9
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Fass DM, Lewis MC, Ahmad R, Szucs MJ, Zhang Q, Fleishman M, Wang D, Kim MJ, Biag J, Carr SA, Scolnick EM, Premont RT, Haggarty SJ. Brain-specific deletion of GIT1 impairs cognition and alters phosphorylation of synaptic protein networks implicated in schizophrenia susceptibility. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3272-3285. [PMID: 35505090 PMCID: PMC9630168 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite tremendous effort, the molecular and cellular basis of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia remain poorly understood. Recent progress in elucidating the genetic architecture of schizophrenia has highlighted the association of multiple loci and rare variants that may impact susceptibility. One key example, given their potential etiopathogenic and therapeutic relevance, is a set of genes that encode proteins that regulate excitatory glutamatergic synapses in brain. A critical next step is to delineate specifically how such genetic variation impacts synaptic plasticity and to determine if and how the encoded proteins interact biochemically with one another to control cognitive function in a convergent manner. Towards this goal, here we study the roles of GPCR-kinase interacting protein 1 (GIT1), a synaptic scaffolding and signaling protein with damaging coding variants found in schizophrenia patients, as well as copy number variants found in patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. We generated conditional neural-selective GIT1 knockout mice and found that these mice have deficits in fear conditioning memory recall and spatial memory, as well as reduced cortical neuron dendritic spine density. Using global quantitative phospho-proteomics, we revealed that GIT1 deletion in brain perturbs specific networks of GIT1-interacting synaptic proteins. Importantly, several schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorder risk genes are present within these networks. We propose that GIT1 regulates the phosphorylation of a network of synaptic proteins and other critical regulators of neuroplasticity, and that perturbation of these networks may contribute specifically to cognitive deficits observed in schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Fass
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Michael C. Lewis
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,Sage Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rushdy Ahmad
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA,Wyss Institute at Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J. Szucs
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Qiangge Zhang
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Morgan Fleishman
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Dongqing Wang
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Myung Jong Kim
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan Biag
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven A. Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Edward M. Scolnick
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Richard T. Premont
- Harrington Discovery Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA; Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Stephen J. Haggarty
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 75 Ames Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA,Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology & Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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10
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Ka M, Kim HG, Kim WY. WDR5-HOTTIP Histone Modifying Complex Regulates Neural Migration and Dendrite Polarity of Pyramidal Neurons via Reelin Signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:5104-5120. [PMID: 35672601 PMCID: PMC9378496 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
WD-repeat domain 5 (WDR5), a core component of histone methyltransferase complexes, is associated with Kabuki syndrome and Kleefstra syndrome that feature intellectual disability and neurodevelopmental delay. Despite its critical status in gene regulation and neurological disorders, the role of WDR5 in neural development is unknown. Here we show that WDR5 is required for normal neuronal placement and dendrite polarization in the developing cerebral cortex. WDR5 knockdown led to defects in both entry into the bipolar transition of pyramidal neurons within the intermediate zone and radial migration into cortical layers. Moreover, WDR5 deficiency disrupted apical and basal polarity of cortical dendrites. Aberrant dendritic spines and synapses accompanied the dendrite polarity phenotype. WDR5 deficiency reduced expression of reelin signaling receptors, ApoER and VdldR, which were associated with abnormal H3K4 methylation and H4 acetylation on their promoter regions. Finally, an lncRNA, HOTTIP, was found to be a partner of WDR5 to regulate dendritic polarity and reelin signaling via histone modification. Our results demonstrate a novel role for WDR5 in neuronal development and provide mechanistic insights into the neuropathology associated with histone methyltransferase dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Goo Kim
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamid Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.
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11
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Hyun SA, Ko MY, Jang S, Lee BS, Rho J, Kim KK, Kim WY, Ka M. Bisphenol-A impairs synaptic formation and function by RGS4-mediated negative regulation of BDNF/NTRK2 signaling in the cerebral cortex. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:276081. [PMID: 35781563 PMCID: PMC9346518 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a representative endocrine disruptor, widely used in a variety of products including plastics, medical equipment and receipts. Hence, most people are exposed to BPA via the skin, digestive system or inhalation in everyday life. Furthermore, BPA crosses the blood–brain barrier and is linked to multiple neurological dysfunctions found in neurodegenerative and neuropsychological disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying BPA-associated neurological dysfunctions remain poorly understood. Here, we report that BPA exposure alters synapse morphology and function in the cerebral cortex. Cortical pyramidal neurons treated with BPA showed reduced size and number of dendrites and spines. The density of excitatory synapses was also decreased by BPA treatment. More importantly, we found that BPA disrupted normal synaptic transmission and cognitive behavior. RGS4 and its downstream BDNF/NTRK2 pathway appeared to mediate the effect of BPA on synaptic and neurological function. Our findings provide molecular mechanistic insights into anatomical and physiological neurotoxic consequences related to a potent endocrine modifier. Summary: Bisphenol-A (BPA) disrupts normal synaptic transmission and cognitive behavior in mice. Rgs4 transcription factor and its downstream BDNF/NTRK2 pathway appear to mediate the effect of BPA on synaptic and neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ae Hyun
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Yi Ko
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Sumi Jang
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaerang Rho
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee K Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Minhan Ka
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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12
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Su P, Tian Y, Yin C, Wang X, Li D, Yang C, Pei J, Deng X, King S, Li Y, Qian A. MACF1 promotes osteoblastic cell migration by regulating MAP1B through the GSK3beta/TCF7 pathway. Bone 2022; 154:116238. [PMID: 34700040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The migration of osteoblastic cells to bone formation surface is an essential step for bone development and growth. However, whether the migration capacity of osteoblastic cells is compromised during osteoporosis occurrence and how it contributes to bone formation reduction remain unexplored so far. In this work, we found, as a positive regulator of cell migration, microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) enhanced osteoblastic cells migration. We also examined whether MACF1 could facilitate osteoblastic cells' migration to bone formation surface to promote bone formation through another cytoskeleton protein, microtubule associated protein 1 (MAP1B). METHODS Preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 with different MACF1 level was used for in vitro and in vivo cell migration assay; Primary cortical bone derived mesenchymal stem cells (C-MSCs) from bone tissue of MACF1 conditional knock out (cKO) mice was used for in vitro cell migration assay. Cell migration ability in vitro was evaluated by wound healing assay and transwell assay and in vivo by bone marrow cavity injection. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used for knocking down Map1b in MC3T3-E1 cell. Lithium chloride (LiCl) and Wortmannin (Wort) were used for inhibiting/activating GSK3β pathway activity. Luciferase report assay was performed for detection of transcriptional activity of TCF7 for Map1b; Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) was engaged for the binding of TCF7 to Map1b promoter region. RESULTS We found MACF1 enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell and C-MSCs migration in vitro through promoting microtubule (MT) stability and dynamics, and increased the injected MC3T3-E1 cell number on bone formation surface, which indicated a promoted bone formation. We further authenticated that MAP1B had a similar function to MACF1 and was regulated by MACF1 in osteogenic cell, and silencing map1b repressed MC3T3-E1 cell migration in vitro. Mechanistically, by adopting MC3T3-E1 cell with different MACF1 level or treated with LiCl/Wort, we discovered that MACF1 decreased the levels of 1265 threonine phosphorylated MAP1B (p[T1265] MAP1B) through inhibiting GSK3β activity. Additionally, total MAP1B mRNA expression level was upregulated by MACF1 through strengthening the binding of TCF7 to the map1b promoter sequence. CONCLUSION Our study uncovered a novel role of MACF1 in bone formation and MAP1B regulation, which suggested that MACF1 could be a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihong Su
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Academician (expert) Workstation, Lab of Epigenetics and RNA Therapy, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dijie Li
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Law Sau Fai Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chaofei Yang
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiawei Pei
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoni Deng
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sarah King
- The University of Chicago, Ben May Department for Cancer Research, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Airong Qian
- Lab for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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13
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Sánchez-Huertas C, Herrera E. With the Permission of Microtubules: An Updated Overview on Microtubule Function During Axon Pathfinding. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:759404. [PMID: 34924953 PMCID: PMC8675249 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.759404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
During the establishment of neural circuitry axons often need to cover long distances to reach remote targets. The stereotyped navigation of these axons defines the connectivity between brain regions and cellular subtypes. This chemotrophic guidance process mostly relies on the spatio-temporal expression patterns of extracellular proteins and the selective expression of their receptors in projection neurons. Axon guidance is stimulated by guidance proteins and implemented by neuronal traction forces at the growth cones, which engage local cytoskeleton regulators and cell adhesion proteins. Different layers of guidance signaling regulation, such as the cleavage and processing of receptors, the expression of co-receptors and a wide variety of intracellular cascades downstream of receptors activation, have been progressively unveiled. Also, in the last decades, the regulation of microtubule (MT) assembly, stability and interactions with the submembranous actin network in the growth cone have emerged as crucial effector mechanisms in axon pathfinding. In this review, we will delve into the intracellular signaling cascades downstream of guidance receptors that converge on the MT cytoskeleton of the growing axon. In particular, we will focus on the microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) network responsible of MT dynamics in the axon and growth cone. Complementarily, we will discuss new evidences that connect defects in MT scaffold proteins, MAPs or MT-based motors and axon misrouting during brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Sánchez-Huertas
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Miguel Hernández (CSIC-UMH), Alicante, Spain
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14
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Connecting the Neurobiology of Developmental Brain Injury: Neuronal Arborisation as a Regulator of Dysfunction and Potential Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158220. [PMID: 34360985 PMCID: PMC8348801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders can derive from a complex combination of genetic variation and environmental pressures on key developmental processes. Despite this complex aetiology, and the equally complex array of syndromes and conditions diagnosed under the heading of neurodevelopmental disorder, there are parallels in the neuropathology of these conditions that suggest overlapping mechanisms of cellular injury and dysfunction. Neuronal arborisation is a process of dendrite and axon extension that is essential for the connectivity between neurons that underlies normal brain function. Disrupted arborisation and synapse formation are commonly reported in neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we summarise the evidence for disrupted neuronal arborisation in these conditions, focusing primarily on the cortex and hippocampus. In addition, we explore the developmentally specific mechanisms by which neuronal arborisation is regulated. Finally, we discuss key regulators of neuronal arborisation that could link to neurodevelopmental disease and the potential for pharmacological modification of arborisation and the formation of synaptic connections that may provide therapeutic benefit in the future.
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15
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Nakamura T, Nakajima K, Kobayashi Y, Itohara S, Kasahara T, Tsuboi T, Kato T. Functional and behavioral effects of de novo mutations in calcium-related genes in patients with bipolar disorder. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1851-1862. [PMID: 34100076 PMCID: PMC8444452 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a common mental illness occurring in approximately 1% of individuals and exhibits lifetime prevalence. Although genetic factors are known to contribute to this disorder, the genetic architecture has not yet been completely clarified. Our initial trio-based exome sequencing study of bipolar disorder showed enrichment of de novo, loss-of-function (LOF) or protein-altering mutations in a combined group with bipolar I and schizoaffective disorders, and the identified de novo mutations were enriched in calcium-related genes. These findings suggested a role for de novo mutations in bipolar disorder. The validity of these statistical associations can be demonstrated if the functional impact of the mutations on cellular function and behavior are identified. In this study, we focused on two de novo LOF mutations in calcium-related genes, EHD1 and MACF1, found in patients with bipolar disorder. We first showed that the EHD1 mutation resulted in a truncated protein with diminished effect on neurite outgrowth and inhibited endocytosis. Next, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to establish two knock-in mouse lines to model the in vivo effects of these mutations. We performed behavioral screening using IntelliCage and long-term wheel running analysis. Ehd1 mutant mice showed higher activity in the light phase. Macf1 mutant mice showed diminished attention and persistence to rewards. These behavioral alterations were similar to the phenotypes in previously proposed animal models of bipolar disorder. These findings endorse the possible role of de novo mutations as a component of the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder which was suggested by the statistical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Nakajima
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuki Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Itohara
- Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takaoki Kasahara
- Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsuboi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Kato
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
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16
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Engeln M, Song Y, Chandra R, La A, Fox ME, Evans B, Turner MD, Thomas S, Francis TC, Hertzano R, Lobo MK. Individual differences in stereotypy and neuron subtype translatome with TrkB deletion. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1846-1859. [PMID: 32366954 PMCID: PMC8480032 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Motor stereotypies occurring in early-onset neuropsychiatric diseases are associated with dysregulated basal ganglia direct-pathway activity. Disruptions in network connectivity through impaired neuronal structure have been implicated in both rodents and humans. However, the neurobiological mechanisms leading to direct-pathway neuron disconnectivity in stereotypy remain poorly understood. We have a mouse line with Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) receptor deletion from D1-expressing cells (D1-Cre-flTrkB) in which a subset of animals shows repetitive rotations and head tics with juvenile onset. Here we demonstrate these behaviors may be associated with abnormal direct-pathway activity by reducing rotations using chemogenetic inhibition of dorsal striatum D1-medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) in both juvenile and young-adult mice. Taking advantage of phenotypical differences in animals with similar genotypes, we then interrogated the D1-MSN specific translatome associated with repetitive behavior by using RNA sequencing of ribosome-associated mRNA. Detailed translatome analysis followed by multiplexed gene expression assessment revealed profound alterations in neuronal projection and synaptic structure related genes in stereotypy mice. Examination of neuronal morphology demonstrated dendritic atrophy and dendritic spine loss in dorsal striatum D1-MSNs from mice with repetitive behavior. Together, our results uncover phenotype-specific molecular alterations in D1-MSNs that relate to morphological adaptations in mice displaying stereotypy behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Engeln
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yang Song
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ashley La
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Megan E. Fox
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brianna Evans
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Makeda D. Turner
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shavin Thomas
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - T. Chase Francis
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ronna Hertzano
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA., Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Kay Lobo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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17
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Chen T, Rohacek AM, Caporizzo M, Nankali A, Smits JJ, Oostrik J, Lanting CP, Kücük E, Gilissen C, van de Kamp JM, Pennings RJE, Rakowiecki SM, Kaestner KH, Ohlemiller KK, Oghalai JS, Kremer H, Prosser BL, Epstein DJ. Cochlear supporting cells require GAS2 for cytoskeletal architecture and hearing. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1526-1540.e7. [PMID: 33964205 PMCID: PMC8137675 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, sound is detected by mechanosensory hair cells that are activated in response to vibrations at frequency-dependent positions along the cochlear duct. We demonstrate that inner ear supporting cells provide a structural framework for transmitting sound energy through the cochlear partition. Humans and mice with mutations in GAS2, encoding a cytoskeletal regulatory protein, exhibit hearing loss due to disorganization and destabilization of microtubule bundles in pillar and Deiters' cells, two types of inner ear supporting cells with unique cytoskeletal specializations. Failure to maintain microtubule bundle integrity reduced supporting cell stiffness, which in turn altered cochlear micromechanics in Gas2 mutants. Vibratory responses to sound were measured in cochleae from live mice, revealing defects in the propagation and amplification of the traveling wave in Gas2 mutants. We propose that the microtubule bundling activity of GAS2 imparts supporting cells with mechanical properties for transmitting sound energy through the cochlea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingfang Chen
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alex M Rohacek
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Caporizzo
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amir Nankali
- The Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeroen J Smits
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oostrik
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P Lanting
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erdi Kücük
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Gilissen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jiddeke M van de Kamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald J E Pennings
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Staci M Rakowiecki
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin K Ohlemiller
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John S Oghalai
- The Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Benjamin L Prosser
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Douglas J Epstein
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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18
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Pol-Fuster J, Cañellas F, Ruiz-Guerra L, Medina-Dols A, Bisbal-Carrió B, Asensio V, Ortega-Vila B, Marzese D, Vidal C, Santos C, Lladó J, Olmos G, Heine-Suñer D, Strauch K, Flaquer A, Vives-Bauzà C. Familial Psychosis Associated With a Missense Mutation at MACF1 Gene Combined With the Rare Duplications DUP3p26.3 and DUP16q23.3, Affecting the CNTN6 and CDH13 Genes. Front Genet 2021; 12:622886. [PMID: 33897758 PMCID: PMC8058362 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.622886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosis is a highly heritable and heterogeneous psychiatric condition. Its genetic architecture is thought to be the result of the joint effect of common and rare variants. Families with high prevalence are an interesting approach to shed light on the rare variant's contribution without the need of collecting large cohorts. To unravel the genomic architecture of a family enriched for psychosis, with four affected individuals, we applied a system genomic approach based on karyotyping, genotyping by whole-exome sequencing to search for rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and SNP array to search for copy-number variants (CNVs). We identified a rare non-synonymous variant, g.39914279 C > G, in the MACF1 gene, segregating with psychosis. Rare variants in the MACF1 gene have been previously detected in SCZ patients. Besides, two rare CNVs, DUP3p26.3 and DUP16q23.3, were also identified in the family affecting relevant genes (CNTN6 and CDH13, respectively). We hypothesize that the co-segregation of these duplications with the rare variant g.39914279 C > G of MACF1 gene precipitated with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Pol-Fuster
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Department of Biology, University of Balearic Islands (UIB) and Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Francesca Cañellas
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Psychiatry Service, University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Ruiz-Guerra
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Research Unit, HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Aina Medina-Dols
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Research Unit, HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Bàrbara Bisbal-Carrió
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Department of Biology, University of Balearic Islands (UIB) and Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Víctor Asensio
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Genomic Service Balearic Islands (GEN-IB), HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Bernat Ortega-Vila
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Genomic Service Balearic Islands (GEN-IB), HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Diego Marzese
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Research Unit, HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Carme Vidal
- Genomic Service Balearic Islands (GEN-IB), HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Carmen Santos
- Genomic Service Balearic Islands (GEN-IB), HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Jerònia Lladó
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Department of Biology, University of Balearic Islands (UIB) and Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Gabriel Olmos
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Department of Biology, University of Balearic Islands (UIB) and Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut, IUNICS, Palma, Spain
| | - Damià Heine-Suñer
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Genomic Service Balearic Islands (GEN-IB), HUSE, Palma, Spain
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Antònia Flaquer
- Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Cristòfol Vives-Bauzà
- Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Department of Biology, University of Balearic Islands (UIB) and Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut, IUNICS, Palma, Spain.,Research Unit, HUSE, Palma, Spain
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19
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Pinto-Costa R, Sousa MM. Microtubules, actin and cytolinkers: how to connect cytoskeletons in the neuronal growth cone. Neurosci Lett 2021; 747:135693. [PMID: 33529653 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cytolinkers ensure the integration of the different cytoskeleton components in the neuronal growth cone during development and in the course of axon regeneration. In neurons, an integrated skeleton guarantees appropriate function, and connectivity of high order circuits. Over the past years, several cytoskeleton regulatory proteins with actin-microtubule crosslinking activity have been identified. In neurons, the importance of spectrins, formins and other cytolinkers capable of coupling actin and microtubules has been extensively highlighted during axon outgrowth and guidance. In this Review, we discuss the current knowledge on cytolinkers specifically expressed in the neuronal growth cone of developing and regenerating axons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pinto-Costa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Monica Mendes Sousa
- Nerve Regeneration Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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20
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Lee YJ, Kim HR, Lee CY, Hyun SA, Ko MY, Lee BS, Hwang DY, Ka M. 2-Phenylethylamine (PEA) Ameliorates Corticosterone-Induced Depression-Like Phenotype via the BDNF/TrkB/CREB Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239103. [PMID: 33265983 PMCID: PMC7729630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a serious medical illness that is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Corticosterone (CORT) increases depression-like behavior, with some effects on anxiety-like behavior. 2-Phenethylamine (PEA) is a monoamine alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. Here, we show that PEA exerts antidepressant effects by modulating the Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)/cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway in CORT-induced depression. To investigate the potential effects of PEA on CORT-induced depression, we first treated CORT (50 μM)-induced hippocampal neurons with 100 μM PEA for 24 h. We found that treatment with CORT altered dendritic spine architecture; however, treatment with PEA rescued dendritic spine formation via regulation of BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling. Next, we used a mouse model of CORT-induced depression. Mice were treated with CORT (20 mg/kg) for 21 days, followed by assessments of a battery of depression-like behaviors. During the final four days of CORT exposure, the mice were treated with PEA (50 mg/kg). We found that CORT injection promoted depression-like behavior and significantly decreased BDNF and TrkB expression in the hippocampus. However, treatment with PEA significantly ameliorated the behavioral and biochemical changes induced by CORT. Our findings reveal that PEA exerts antidepressant effects by modulating the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling pathway in a mouse model of CORT-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ju Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Hye Ryeong Kim
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Laboratory Animal Center, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 61062, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Sung-Ae Hyun
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Moon Yi Ko
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Dae Youn Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea;
| | - Minhan Ka
- Pharmacology and Drug Abuse Group, Convergence Toxicology Research Division, Korea Institute of Toxicology, KRICT, Daejeon 34114, Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (H.R.K.); (C.Y.L.); (S.-A.H.); (M.Y.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-610-8095; Fax: +82-42-610-8252
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21
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Mesenchymal MACF1 Facilitates SMAD7 Nuclear Translocation to Drive Bone Formation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030616. [PMID: 32143362 PMCID: PMC7140458 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is a large crosslinker that contributes to cell integrity and cell differentiation. Recent studies show that MACF1 is involved in multiple cellular functions such as neuron development and epidermal migration, and is the molecular basis for many degenerative diseases. MACF1 is highly abundant in bones, especially in mesenchymal stem cells; however, its regulatory role is still less understood in bone formation and degenerative bone diseases. In this study, we found MACF1 expression in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of osteoporotic bone specimens was significantly lower. By conditional gene targeting to delete the mesenchymal Macf1 gene in mice, we observed in MSCs decreased osteogenic differentiation capability. During early stage bone development, the MACF1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice exhibit significant ossification retardation in skull and hindlimb, and by adulthood, mesenchymal loss of MACF1 attenuated bone mass, bone microarchitecture, and bone formation capability significantly. Further, we showed that MACF1 interacts directly with SMAD family member 7 (SMAD7) and facilitates SMAD7 nuclear translocation to initiate downstream osteogenic pathways. Hopefully these findings will expand the biological scope of the MACF1 gene, and provide an experimental basis for targeting MACF1 in degenerative bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
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22
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Qiu WX, Ma XL, Lin X, Zhao F, Li DJ, Chen ZH, Zhang KW, Zhang R, Wang P, Xiao YY, Miao ZP, Dang K, Wu XY, Qian AR. Deficiency of Macf1 in osterix expressing cells decreases bone formation by Bmp2/Smad/Runx2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:317-327. [PMID: 31709715 PMCID: PMC6933318 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule actin cross-linking factor 1 (Macf1) is a spectraplakin family member known to regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, cell migration, neuronal growth and cell signal transduction. We previously demonstrated that knockdown of Macf1 inhibited the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cell line. However, whether Macf1 could regulate bone formation in vivo is unclear. To study the function and mechanism of Macf1 in bone formation and osteogenic differentiation, we established osteoblast-specific Osterix (Osx) promoter-driven Macf1 conditional knockout mice (Macf1f/f Osx-Cre). The Macf1f/f Osx-Cre mice displayed delayed ossification and decreased bone mass. Morphological and mechanical studies showed deteriorated trabecular microarchitecture and impaired biomechanical strength of femur in Macf1f/f Osx-Cre mice. In addition, the differentiation of primary osteoblasts isolated from calvaria was inhibited in Macf1f/f Osx-Cre mice. Deficiency of Macf1 in primary osteoblasts inhibited the expression of osteogenic marker genes (Col1, Runx2 and Alp) and the number of mineralized nodules. Furthermore, deficiency of Macf1 attenuated Bmp2/Smad/Runx2 signalling in primary osteoblasts of Macf1f/f Osx-Cre mice. Together, these results indicated that Macf1 plays a significant role in bone formation and osteoblast differentiation by regulating Bmp2/Smad/Runx2 pathway, suggesting that Macf1 might be a therapeutic target for bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-Xia Qiu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ma
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di-Jie Li
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Chen
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke-Wen Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pai Wang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun-Yun Xiao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Miao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Dang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Wu
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ai-Rong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China.,NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
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23
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van de Willige D, Hummel JJ, Alkemade C, Kahn OI, Au FK, Qi RZ, Dogterom M, Koenderink GH, Hoogenraad CC, Akhmanova A. Cytolinker Gas2L1 regulates axon morphology through microtubule-modulated actin stabilization. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e47732. [PMID: 31486213 PMCID: PMC6831992 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201947732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons underlies cellular morphogenesis. Interactions between actin filaments and microtubules are particularly important for establishing the complex polarized morphology of neurons. Here, we characterized the neuronal function of growth arrest‐specific 2‐like 1 (Gas2L1), a protein that can directly bind to actin, microtubules and microtubule plus‐end‐tracking end binding proteins. We found that Gas2L1 promotes axon branching, but restricts axon elongation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Using pull‐down experiments and in vitro reconstitution assays, in which purified Gas2L1 was combined with actin and dynamic microtubules, we demonstrated that Gas2L1 is autoinhibited. This autoinhibition is relieved by simultaneous binding to actin filaments and microtubules. In neurons, Gas2L1 primarily localizes to the actin cytoskeleton and functions as an actin stabilizer. The microtubule‐binding tail region of Gas2L1 directs its actin‐stabilizing activity towards the axon. We propose that Gas2L1 acts as an actin regulator, the function of which is spatially modulated by microtubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonnée van de Willige
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Ja Hummel
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Celine Alkemade
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.,Living Matter Department, AMOLF, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olga I Kahn
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Franco Kc Au
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Robert Z Qi
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marileen Dogterom
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Department of Biology, Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Lin X, Xiao Y, Chen Z, Ma J, Qiu W, Zhang K, Xu F, Dang K, Qian A. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) knockdown inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via Akt/GSK3β/NFATc1 signalling pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 494:110494. [PMID: 31260729 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption and play essential roles in causing bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is a large spectraplakin protein that has been implicated in regulating cytoskeletal distribution, cell migration, cell survival and cell differentiation. However, whether MACF1 regulates the differentiation of osteoclasts has not been elucidated. In this study, we found that the expression of MACF1 was increased in primary bone marrow-derived monocytes (BMMs) of osteoporotic mice and was downregulated during receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis of pre-osteoclast cell lines RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were transfected with shMACF1 using a lentiviral vector to study the role of MACF1 in osteoclastogenic differentiation. Knockdown of MACF1 in RAW264.7 cells inhibited the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts and decreased the expression of osteoclast-marker genes (Ctsk, Acp5, Mmp9 and Oscar) during RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Additionally, knockdown of MACF1 disrupted actin ring formation in osteoclasts and further blocked the bone resorption activity of osteoclasts by reducing the area and depth of pits. Knockdown of MACF1 had no effect on the survival of pre-osteoclasts and mature osteoclasts. We further established that knockdown of MACF1 attenuated the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK3β and inhibited the expression of its downstream target NFATc1. Akt activator rescued the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by MACF1 knockdown. These data demonstrate that MACF1 positively regulates osteoclast differentiation via the Akt/GSK3β/NFATc1 signalling pathway, suggesting that targeting MACF1 may be a novel therapeutic approach against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Yunyun Xiao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Wuxia Qiu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Kewen Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Kai Dang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China; NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.
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25
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Bodakuntla S, Jijumon AS, Villablanca C, Gonzalez-Billault C, Janke C. Microtubule-Associated Proteins: Structuring the Cytoskeleton. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:804-819. [PMID: 31416684 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) were initially discovered as proteins that bind to and stabilize microtubules. Today, an ever-growing number of MAPs reveals a more complex picture of these proteins as organizers of the microtubule cytoskeleton that have a large variety of functions. MAPs enable microtubules to participate in a plethora of cellular processes such as the assembly of mitotic and meiotic spindles, neuronal development, and the formation of the ciliary axoneme. Although some subgroups of MAPs have been exhaustively characterized, a strikingly large number of MAPs remain barely characterized other than their interactions with microtubules. We provide a comprehensive view on the currently known MAPs in mammals. We discuss their molecular mechanisms and functions, as well as their physiological role and links to pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Bodakuntla
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - A S Jijumon
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Cristopher Villablanca
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health, and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Carsten Janke
- Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France; Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3348, F-91405 Orsay, France.
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26
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Abstract
Proper neuronal wiring is central to all bodily functions, sensory perception, cognition, memory, and learning. Establishment of a functional neuronal circuit is a highly regulated and dynamic process involving axonal and dendritic branching and navigation toward appropriate targets and connection partners. This intricate circuitry includes axo-dendritic synapse formation, synaptic connections formed with effector cells, and extensive dendritic arborization that function to receive and transmit mechanical and chemical sensory inputs. Such complexity is primarily achieved by extensive axonal and dendritic branch formation and pruning. Fundamental to neuronal branching are cytoskeletal dynamics and plasma membrane expansion, both of which are regulated via numerous extracellular and intracellular signaling mechanisms and molecules. This review focuses on recent advances in understanding the biology of neuronal branching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Menon
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie Gupton
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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27
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Ka M, Moffat JJ, Kim WY. MACF1 Controls Migration and Positioning of Cortical GABAergic Interneurons in Mice. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:5525-5538. [PMID: 27756764 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
GABAergic interneurons develop in the ganglionic eminence in the ventral telencephalon and tangentially migrate into the cortical plate during development. However, key molecules controlling interneuron migration remain poorly identified. Here, we show that microtubule-actin cross-linking factor 1 (MACF1) regulates GABAergic interneuron migration and positioning in the developing mouse brain. To investigate the role of MACF1 in developing interneurons, we conditionally deleted the MACF1 gene in mouse interneuron progenitors and their progeny using Dlx5/6-Cre-IRES-EGFP and Nkx2.1-Cre drivers. We found that MACF1 deletion results in a marked reduction and defective positioning of interneurons in the mouse cerebral cortex and hippocampus, suggesting abnormal interneuron migration. Indeed, the speed and mode of interneuron migration were abnormal in the MACF1-mutant brain, compared with controls. Additionally, MACF1-deleted interneurons showed a significant reduction in the length of their leading processes and dendrites in the mouse brain. Finally, loss of MACF1 decreased microtubule stability in cortical interneurons. Our findings suggest that MACF1 plays a critical role in cortical interneuron migration and positioning in the developing mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Moffat
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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28
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Lu IL, Chen C, Tung CY, Chen HH, Pan JP, Chang CH, Cheng JS, Chen YA, Wang CH, Huang CW, Kang YN, Chang HY, Li LL, Chang KP, Shih YH, Lin CH, Kwan SY, Tsai JW. Identification of genes associated with cortical malformation using a transposon-mediated somatic mutagenesis screen in mice. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2498. [PMID: 29950674 PMCID: PMC6021418 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes involved in the production, migration, or differentiation of cortical neurons often lead to malformations of cortical development (MCDs). However, many genetic mutations involved in MCD pathogenesis remain unidentified. Here we developed a genetic screening paradigm based on transposon-mediated somatic mutagenesis by in utero electroporation and the inability of mutant neuronal precursors to migrate to the cortex and identified 33 candidate MCD genes. Consistent with the screen, several genes have already been implicated in neural development and disorders. Functional disruption of the candidate genes by RNAi or CRISPR/Cas9 causes altered neuronal distributions that resemble human cortical dysplasia. To verify potential clinical relevance of these candidate genes, we analyzed somatic mutations in brain tissue from patients with focal cortical dysplasia and found that mutations are enriched in these candidate genes. These results demonstrate that this approach is able to identify potential mouse genes involved in cortical development and MCD pathogenesis. Cortical malformations have a variety of causes. Here the authors use transposon mutagenesis to insert mutations into neural stem cells in the developing mouse cortex to screen for new candidate genes for cortical malformation, and validate some targets in human brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ling Lu
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien Chen
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Tung
- VYM Genome Research Center of National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chen
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ping Pan
- VYM Genome Research Center of National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiang Chang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Shing Cheng
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Chen
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Wang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Huang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ning Kang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yun Chang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Lei-Li Li
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Ping Chang
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- VYM Genome Research Center of National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yeong Kwan
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.,National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Wu Tsai
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. .,Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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29
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Wiszniewski W, Gawlinski P, Gambin T, Bekiesinska-Figatowska M, Obersztyn E, Antczak-Marach D, Akdemir ZHC, Harel T, Karaca E, Jurek M, Sobecka K, Nowakowska B, Kruk M, Terczynska I, Goszczanska-Ciuchta A, Rudzka-Dybala M, Jamroz E, Pyrkosz A, Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk A, Iwanowski P, Gieruszczak-Bialek D, Piotrowicz M, Sasiadek M, Kochanowska I, Gurda B, Steinborn B, Dawidziuk M, Castaneda J, Wlasienko P, Bezniakow N, Jhangiani SN, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Bal J, Szczepanik E, Boerwinkle E, Gibbs RA, Lupski JR. Comprehensive genomic analysis of patients with disorders of cerebral cortical development. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1121-1131. [PMID: 29706646 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Malformations of cortical development (MCDs) manifest with structural brain anomalies that lead to neurologic sequelae, including epilepsy, cerebral palsy, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. To investigate the underlying genetic architecture of patients with disorders of cerebral cortical development, a cohort of 54 patients demonstrating neuroradiologic signs of MCDs was investigated. Individual genomes were interrogated for single-nucleotide variants (SNV) and copy number variants (CNV) with whole-exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray studies. Variation affecting known MCDs-associated genes was found in 16/54 cases, including 11 patients with SNV, 2 patients with CNV, and 3 patients with both CNV and SNV, at distinct loci. Diagnostic pathogenic SNV and potentially damaging variants of unknown significance (VUS) were identified in two groups of seven individuals each. We demonstrated that de novo variants are important among patients with MCDs as they were identified in 10/16 individuals with a molecular diagnosis. Three patients showed changes in known MCDs genes and a clinical phenotype beyond the usual characteristics observed, i.e., phenotypic expansion, for a particular known disease gene clinical entity. We also discovered 2 likely candidate genes, CDH4, and ASTN1, with human and animal studies supporting their roles in brain development, and 5 potential candidate genes. Our findings emphasize genetic heterogeneity of MCDs disorders and postulate potential novel candidate genes involved in cerebral cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Wiszniewski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. .,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Pawel Gawlinski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gambin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Computer Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Obersztyn
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Antczak-Marach
- Clinic of Neurology of Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Tamar Harel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marta Jurek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sobecka
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Nowakowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kruk
- Clinic of Neurology of Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Terczynska
- Clinic of Neurology of Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Mariola Rudzka-Dybala
- Clinic of Neurology of Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Jamroz
- School of Medicine in Katowice, Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Age Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Antoni Pyrkosz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Iwanowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Gieruszczak-Bialek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Piotrowicz
- Department of Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maria Sasiadek
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kochanowska
- Individual Medical Practice in Pediatric Neurology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Gurda
- Department of Developmental Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Steinborn
- Department of Developmental Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mateusz Dawidziuk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jennifer Castaneda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Wlasienko
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Bezniakow
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shalini N Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Jerzy Bal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Szczepanik
- Clinic of Neurology of Children and Adolescents, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genetics Center and Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Ka M, Kim WY. ANKRD11 associated with intellectual disability and autism regulates dendrite differentiation via the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway. Neurobiol Dis 2017; 111:138-152. [PMID: 29274743 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of ANKRD11 due to deletion or truncation mutations causes KBG syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, and craniofacial abnormalities. However, little is known about the neurobiological role of ANKRD11 during brain development. Here we show that ANKRD11 regulates pyramidal neuron migration and dendritic differentiation in the developing mouse cerebral cortex. Using an in utero manipulation approach, we found that Ankrd11 knockdown delayed radial migration of cortical neurons. ANKRD11-deficient neurons displayed markedly reduced dendrite growth and branching as well as abnormal dendritic spine morphology. Ankrd11 knockdown suppressed acetylation of epigenetic molecules such as p53 and Histone H3. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of Trkb, Bdnf, and neurite growth-related genes were downregulated in ANKRD11-deficient cortical neurons. The Trkb promoter region was largely devoid of acetylated Histone H3 and p53, and was instead occupied with MeCP2 and DNMT1. Overexpression of TrkB rescued abnormal dendrite growth in these cells. Our findings demonstrate a novel role for ANKRD11 in neuron differentiation during brain development and suggest an epigenetic modification as a potential key molecular feature underlying KBG syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, United States.
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31
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Arid1b haploinsufficiency disrupts cortical interneuron development and mouse behavior. Nat Neurosci 2017; 20:1694-1707. [PMID: 29184203 PMCID: PMC5726525 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-017-0013-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the AT-rich interactive domain 1B (ARID1B) gene causes autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability, however, the neurobiological basis for this is unknown. Here, we generated Arid1b knockout mice and examined heterozygotes to model human patients. Arid1b heterozygous mice showed a decreased number of cortical GABAergic interneurons and reduced proliferation of interneuron progenitors in the ganglionic eminence. Arid1b haploinsufficiency also led to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory synapses in the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, we found that Arid1b haploinsufficiency suppressed histone H3 lysine 9 acetylation (H3K9Ac) overall, and in particular reduced H3K9Ac of the Pvalb promoter, resulting in decreased transcription. Arid1b heterozygous mice exhibited abnormal cognitive and social behavior, which was rescued by treatment with a positive allosteric GABAA receptor modulator. Our results demonstrate a critical role for the Arid1b gene in interneuron development and behavior, and provide insight into the pathogenesis of ASD and intellectual disability.
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32
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Miao Z, Ali A, Hu L, Zhao F, Yin C, Chen C, Yang T, Qian A. Microtubule actin cross-linking factor 1, a novel potential target in cancer. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:1953-1958. [PMID: 28782898 PMCID: PMC5623738 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a polygenic disease characterized by uncontrolled growth of normal body cells, deregulation of the cell cycle as well as resistance to apoptosis. The spectraplakin protein microtubule actin cross-linking factor 1 (MACF1) plays an essential function in various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, migration, signaling transduction and embryo development. MACF1 is also involved in processes such as metastatic invasion in which cytoskeleton organization is a critical element that contributes to tumor progression in various human cancers. Aberrant expression of MACF1 initiates the tumor cell proliferation, and migration and metastasis in numerous cancers, such as breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and glioblastoma. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of MACF1 and its critical role in different human cancers. This will be helpful for researchers to investigate the novel functional role of MACF1 in human cancers and as a potential target to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Miao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institution of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Arshad Ali
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institution of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lifang Hu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institution of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institution of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institution of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tuanmin Yang
- Hong-Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institution of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China
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33
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Du J, Zhang X, Cao H, Jiang D, Wang X, Zhou W, Chen K, Zhou J, Jiang H, Ba L. MiR-194 is involved in morphogenesis of spiral ganglion neurons in inner ear by rearranging actin cytoskeleton via targeting RhoB. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 63:16-26. [PMID: 28941704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many microRNAs participate in the development, differentiation and function preservation of the embryonic and adult inner ear, but many details still need to be elucidated regarding the numerous microRNAs in the inner ear. Based on previous investigations on the microRNA profile in the inner ear, we confirmed that several microRNAs are expressed in the inner ear, and we detected the spatial expression of these microRNAs in the neonatal mouse inner ear. Then we focused on miR-194 for its specific expression with a dynamic spatiotemporal pattern during inner ear development. Overexpression of miR-194 in cultured spiral ganglion cells significantly affected the dendrites of differentiated neurons, with more branching and obviously dispersed nerve fibres. Furthermore, the cytoskeleton of cultured cells was markedly affected, as disordered actin filaments resulting from miR-194 overexpression and enhanced filaments resulting from miR-194 knockdown were observed. Together with the bioinformatic methods, the RT-qPCR and western blot results showed that RhoB is a candidate target of miR-194 in the morphogenesis of spiral ganglion neurons. Additionally, the double luciferase reporter system was used to identify RhoB as a novel target of miR-194. Finally, the inhibition of RhoB activation by Clostridium difficile toxin B disturbed the organization of the actin filament, similar to the effects of miR-194 overexpression. In summary, we investigated microRNA expression in the mouse inner ear, and demonstrated that miR-194 is dynamically expressed during inner ear development; importantly, we found that miR-194 affects neuron morphogenesis positively through Rho B-mediated F-actin rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Du
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Di Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xianren Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Otolaryngology, People's Hospital of Meishan, Meishan, Sichuan, 620010, China
| | - Kaitian Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiao Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Luo Ba
- Department of Otolaryngology, People's Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasha, China.
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34
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Voelzmann A, Liew YT, Qu Y, Hahn I, Melero C, Sánchez-Soriano N, Prokop A. Drosophila Short stop as a paradigm for the role and regulation of spectraplakins. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 69:40-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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35
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Hu L, Su P, Yin C, Zhang Y, Li R, Yan K, Chen Z, Li D, Zhang G, Wang L, Miao Z, Qian A, Xian CJ. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 promotes osteoblast differentiation by promoting β-catenin/TCF1/Runx2 signaling axis. J Cell Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28621459 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation is a multistep process delicately regulated by many factors, including cytoskeletal dynamics and signaling pathways. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1), a key cytoskeletal linker, has been shown to play key roles in signal transduction and in diverse cellular processes; however, its role in regulating osteoblast differentiation is still needed to be elucidated. To further uncover the functions and mechanisms of action of MACF1 in osteoblast differentiation, we examined effects of MACF1 knockdown (MACF1-KD) in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells on their osteoblast differentiation and associated molecular mechanisms. The results showed that knockdown of MACF1 significantly suppressed mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, down-regulated the expression of key osteogenic genes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and type I collagen α1 (Col Iα1). Knockdown of MACF1 dramatically reduced the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, decreased the transcriptional activation of T cell factor 1 (TCF1), and down-regulated the expression of TCF1, lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1), and Runx2, a target gene of β-catenin/TCF1. In addition, MACF1-KD increased the active level of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), which is a key regulator for β-catenin signal transduction. Moreover, the reduction of nuclear β-catenin amount and decreased expression of TCF1 and Runx2 were significantly reversed in MACF1-KD cells when treated with lithium chloride, an agonist for β-catenin by inhibiting GSK-3β activity. Taken together, these findings suggest that knockdown of MACF1 in osteoblastic cells inhibits osteoblast differentiation through suppressing the β-catenin/TCF1-Runx2 axis. Thus, a novel role of MACF1 in and a new mechanistic insight of osteoblast differentiation are uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peihong Su
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dijie Li
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zhiping Miao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China.,NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cory J Xian
- Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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36
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Ka M, Smith AL, Kim WY. MTOR controls genesis and autophagy of GABAergic interneurons during brain development. Autophagy 2017; 13:1348-1363. [PMID: 28598226 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1327927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Interneuron progenitors in the ganglionic eminence of the ventral telencephalon generate most cortical interneurons during brain development. However, the regulatory mechanism of interneuron progenitors remains poorly understood. Here, we show that MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin [serine/threonine kinase]) regulates proliferation and macroautophagy/autophagy of interneuron progenitors in the developing ventral telencephalon. To investigate the role of MTOR in interneuron progenitors, we conditionally deleted the Mtor gene in mouse interneuron progenitors and their progeny by using Tg(mI56i-cre,EGFP)1Kc/Dlx5/6-Cre-IRES-EGFP and Nkx2-1-Cre drivers. We found that Mtor deletion markedly reduced the number of interneurons in the cerebral cortex. However, relative positioning of cortical interneurons was normal, suggesting that disruption of progenitor self-renewal caused the decreased number of cortical interneurons in the Mtor-deleted brain. Indeed, Mtor-deleted interneuron progenitors showed abnormal proliferation and cell cycle progression. Additionally, we detected a significant activation of autophagy in Mtor-deleted brain. Our findings suggest that MTOR plays a critical role in the regulation of cortical interneuron number and autophagy in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- a Department of Developmental Neuroscience , Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Amanda L Smith
- a Department of Developmental Neuroscience , Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- a Department of Developmental Neuroscience , Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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37
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Moffat JJ, Ka M, Jung EM, Smith AL, Kim WY. The role of MACF1 in nervous system development and maintenance. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 69:9-17. [PMID: 28579452 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1), also known as actin crosslinking factor 7 (ACF7), is essential for proper modulation of actin and microtubule cytoskeletal networks. Most MACF1 isoforms are expressed broadly in the body, but some are exclusively found in the nervous system. Consequentially, MACF1 is integrally involved in multiple neural processes during development and in adulthood, including neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration. Furthermore, MACF1 participates in several signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin and GSK-3 signaling pathways, which regulate key cellular processes, such as proliferation and cell migration. Genetic mutation or dysregulation of the MACF1 gene has been associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, specifically schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. MACF1 may also play a part in neuromuscular disorders and have a neuroprotective role in the optic nerve. In this review, the authors seek to synthesize recent findings relating to the roles of MACF1 within the nervous system and explore potential novel functions of MACF1 not yet examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Moffat
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Minhan Ka
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Amanda L Smith
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Hu L, Xiao Y, Xiong Z, Zhao F, Yin C, Zhang Y, Su P, Li D, Chen Z, Ma X, Zhang G, Qian A. MACF1, versatility in tissue-specific function and in human disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 69:3-8. [PMID: 28577926 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Spectraplakins are a family of evolutionarily conserved gigantic proteins and play critical roles in many cytoskeleton-related processes. Microtubule actin crosslinking factor 1 (MACF1) is one of the most versatile spectraplakin with multiple isoforms. As a broadly expressed mammalian spectraplakin, MACF1 is important in maintaining normal functions of many tissues. The loss-of-function studies using knockout mouse models reveal the pivotal roles of MACF1 in embryo development, skin integrity maintenance, neural development, bone formation, and colonic paracellular permeability. Mutation in the human MACF1 gene causes a novel myopathy genetic disease. In addition, abnormal expression of MACF1 is associated with schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, cancer and osteoporosis. This demonstrates the crucial roles of MACF1 in physiology and pathology. Here, we review the research advances of MACF1's roles in specific tissue and in human diseases, providing the perspectives of MACF1 for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yunyun Xiao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhipeng Xiong
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Peihong Su
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Dijie Li
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China; Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone and Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, 518057, China; NPU-HKBU Joint Research Centre for Translational Medicine on Musculoskeletal Health in Space, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
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Armijo-Weingart L, Gallo G. It takes a village to raise a branch: Cellular mechanisms of the initiation of axon collateral branches. Mol Cell Neurosci 2017; 84:36-47. [PMID: 28359843 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of axon collateral branches from the pre-existing shafts of axons is an important aspect of neurodevelopment and the response of the nervous system to injury. This article provides an overview of the role of the cytoskeleton and signaling mechanisms in the formation of axon collateral branches. Both the actin filament and microtubule components of the cytoskeleton are required for the formation of axon branches. Recent work has begun to shed light on how these two elements of the cytoskeleton are integrated by proteins that functionally or physically link the cytoskeleton. While a number of signaling pathways have been determined as having a role in the formation of axon branches, the complexity of the downstream mechanisms and links to specific signaling pathways remain to be fully determined. The regulation of intra-axonal protein synthesis and organelle function are also emerging as components of signal-induced axon branching. Although much has been learned in the last couple of decades about the mechanistic basis of axon branching we can look forward to continue elucidating this complex biological phenomenon with the aim of understanding how multiple signaling pathways, cytoskeletal regulators and organelles are coordinated locally along the axon to give rise to a branch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Armijo-Weingart
- Shriners Pediatric Research Center, Temple University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 3500 North Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Shriners Pediatric Research Center, Temple University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 3500 North Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
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40
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Ka M, Kook YH, Liao K, Buch S, Kim WY. Transactivation of TrkB by Sigma-1 receptor mediates cocaine-induced changes in dendritic spine density and morphology in hippocampal and cortical neurons. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2414. [PMID: 27735948 PMCID: PMC5133986 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine is a highly addictive narcotic associated with dendritic spine plasticity in the striatum. However, it remains elusive whether cocaine modifies spines in a cell type-specific or region-specific manner or whether it alters different types of synapses in the brain. In addition, there is a paucity of data on the regulatory mechanism(s) involved in cocaine-induced modification of spine density. In the current study, we report that cocaine exposure differentially alters spine density, spine morphology, and the types of synapses in hippocampal and cortical neurons. Cocaine exposure in the hippocampus resulted in increased spine density, but had no significant effect on cortical neurons. Although cocaine exposure altered spine morphology in both cell types, the patterns of spine morphology were distinct for each cell type. Furthermore, we observed that cocaine selectively affects the density of excitatory synapses. Intriguingly, in hippocampal neurons cocaine-mediated effects on spine density and morphology involved sigma-1 receptor (Sig-1 R) and its downstream TrkB signaling, which were not the case in cortical neurons. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of Sig-1 R prevented cocaine-induced TrkB activation in hippocampal neurons. Our findings reveal a novel mechanism by which cocaine induces selective changes in spine morphology, spine density, and synapse formation, and could provide insights into the cellular basis for the cognitive impairment observed in cocaine addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhan Ka
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Yeon-Hee Kook
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ke Liao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Shilpa Buch
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Woo-Yang Kim
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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41
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Abstract
This review discusses the spectrin superfamily of proteins that function to connect cytoskeletal elements to each other, the cell membrane, and the nucleus. The signature domain is the spectrin repeat, a 106-122-amino-acid segment comprising three α-helices. α-actinin is considered to be the ancestral protein and functions to cross-link actin filaments. It then evolved to generate spectrin and dystrophin that function to link the actin cytoskeleton to the cell membrane, as well as the spectraplakins and plakins that link cytoskeletal elements to each other and to junctional complexes. A final class comprises the nesprins, which are able to bind to the nuclear membrane. This review discusses the domain organization of the various spectrin family members, their roles in protein-protein interactions, and their roles in disease, as determined from mutations, and it also describes the functional roles of the family members as determined from null phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald K H Liem
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
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42
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Voelzmann A, Okenve-Ramos P, Qu Y, Chojnowska-Monga M, del Caño-Espinel M, Prokop A, Sanchez-Soriano N. Tau and spectraplakins promote synapse formation and maintenance through Jun kinase and neuronal trafficking. eLife 2016; 5:e14694. [PMID: 27501441 PMCID: PMC4977155 DOI: 10.7554/elife.14694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms regulating synapse numbers during development and ageing are essential for normal brain function and closely linked to brain disorders including dementias. Using Drosophila, we demonstrate roles of the microtubule-associated protein Tau in regulating synapse numbers, thus unravelling an important cellular requirement of normal Tau. In this context, we find that Tau displays a strong functional overlap with microtubule-binding spectraplakins, establishing new links between two different neurodegenerative factors. Tau and the spectraplakin Short Stop act upstream of a three-step regulatory cascade ensuring adequate delivery of synaptic proteins. This cascade involves microtubule stability as the initial trigger, JNK signalling as the central mediator, and kinesin-3 mediated axonal transport as the key effector. This cascade acts during development (synapse formation) and ageing (synapse maintenance) alike. Therefore, our findings suggest novel explanations for intellectual disability in Tau deficient individuals, as well as early synapse loss in dementias including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre Voelzmann
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pilar Okenve-Ramos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Yue Qu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Monika Chojnowska-Monga
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Manuela del Caño-Espinel
- Instituto de Biología y Genética Molecular-Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Fisiología, Universidad de Valladolid-CSIC, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andreas Prokop
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Sanchez-Soriano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Pacheco A, Gallo G. Actin filament-microtubule interactions in axon initiation and branching. Brain Res Bull 2016; 126:300-310. [PMID: 27491623 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurons begin life as spherical cells. A major hallmark of neuronal development is the formation of elongating processes from the cell body which subsequently differentiate into dendrites and the axon. The formation and later development of neuronal processes is achieved through the concerted organization of actin filaments and microtubules. Here, we review the literature regarding recent advances in the understanding of cytoskeletal interactions in neurons focusing on the initiation of processes from neuronal cell bodies and the collateral branching of axons. The complex crosstalk between cytoskeletal elements is mediated by a cohort of proteins that either bind both cytoskeletal systems or allow one to regulate the other. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of microtubule plus-tip proteins in the regulation of the dynamics and organization of actin filaments, while also providing a mechanism for the subcellular capture and guidance of microtubule tips by actin filaments. Although the understanding of cytoskeletal crosstalk and interactions in neuronal morphogenesis has advanced significantly in recent years the appreciation of the neuron as an integrated cytoskeletal system remains a frontier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Pacheco
- Temple University, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Gianluca Gallo
- Temple University, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, 3500 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
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Gallo G. Coordination of the axonal cytoskeleton during the emergence of axon collateral branches. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:709-11. [PMID: 27335541 PMCID: PMC4904448 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.182684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Gallo
- Temple University, Lewis Kats School of Medicine, Department of Anatomy and cell Biology, Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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45
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van de Willige D, Hoogenraad CC, Akhmanova A. Microtubule plus-end tracking proteins in neuronal development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2053-77. [PMID: 26969328 PMCID: PMC4834103 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2168-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of the microtubule cytoskeleton is of pivotal importance for neuronal development and function. One such regulatory mechanism centers on microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs): structurally and functionally diverse regulatory factors, which can form complex macromolecular assemblies at the growing microtubule plus-ends. +TIPs modulate important properties of microtubules including their dynamics and their ability to control cell polarity, membrane transport and signaling. Several neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases are associated with mutations in +TIPs or with misregulation of these proteins. In this review, we focus on the role and regulation of +TIPs in neuronal development and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonnée van de Willige
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Anna Akhmanova
- Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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