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Han JH, Joung KH, Lee JC, Kim OS, Choung S, Kim JM, Kang YE, Yi HS, Lee JH, Ku BJ, Kim HJ. Comparative Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Monotherapy and Rosuvastatin/Ezetimibe Combination Therapy on Insulin Sensitivity and Vascular Inflammatory Response in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab J 2024; 48:112-121. [PMID: 38173371 PMCID: PMC10850282 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induces endothelial dysfunction and inflammation, which are the main factors for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The present study aimed to compare the effects of rosuvastatin monotherapy and rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, and vascular inflammatory response in patients with T2DM. METHODS A total of 101 patients with T2DM and dyslipidemia were randomized to either rosuvastatin monotherapy (5 mg/day, n=47) or rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy (5 mg/10 mg/day, n=45) and treated for 12 weeks. Serum lipids, glucose, insulin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) levels were determined before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS The reduction in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by more than 50% from baseline after treatment was more in the combination therapy group. The serum sICAM-1 levels increased significantly in both groups, but there was no difference between the two groups. The significant changes in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and PRDX4 were confirmed only in the subgroup in which LDL-C was reduced by 50% or more in the combination therapy group. However, after adjusting for diabetes mellitus duration and hypertension, the changes in HOMA-IR and PRDX4 were not significant between the two groups. CONCLUSION Although rosuvastatin/ezetimibe combination therapy had a greater LDL-C reduction effect than rosuvastatin monotherapy, it had no additional effects on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response. Further studies are needed on the effect of long-term treatment with ezetimibe on insulin sensitivity and vascular inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Han
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyong Hye Joung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of International Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Jun Choul Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ok Soon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sorim Choung
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Min Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of International Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyon-Seung Yi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
- Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Bon Jeong Ku
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Schmidt BM, Holmes CM, Najarian K, Gallagher K, Haus JM, Shadiow J, Ye W, Ang L, Burant A, Baker N, Katona A, Martin CL, Pop-Busui R. On diabetic foot ulcer knowledge gaps, innovation, evaluation, prediction markers, and clinical needs. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108317. [PMID: 36215794 PMCID: PMC10087892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain a very prevalent and challenging complication of diabetes worldwide due to high morbidity, high risks of lower extremity amputation and associated mortality. Despite major advances in diabetes treatment in general, there is a paucity of FDA approved technologies and therapies to promote successful healing. Furthermore, accurate biomarkers to identify patients at risk of non-healing and monitor response-to-therapy are significantly lacking. To date, research has been slowed by a lack of coordinated efforts among basic scientists and clinical researchers and confounded by non-standardized heterogenous collection of biospecimen and patient associated data. Novel technologies, especially those in the single and 'multiomics' arena, are being used to advance the study of diabetic foot ulcers but require pragmatic study design to ensure broad adoption following validation. These high throughput analyses offer promise to investigate potential biomarkers across wound trajectories and may support information on wound healing and pathophysiology not previously well understood. Additionally, these biomarkers may be used at the point-of-care. In combination with national scalable research efforts, which seek to address the limitations and better inform clinical practice, coordinated and integrative insights may lead to improved limb salvage rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
| | - Crystal M Holmes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Kayvan Najarian
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Katherine Gallagher
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Abor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - James Shadiow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Wen Ye
- Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Lynn Ang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Aaron Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Nicole Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Aimee Katona
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Catherine L Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Rodica Pop-Busui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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Zhang XX, You JP, Liu XR, Zhao YF, Cui Y, Zhao ZZ, Qi YY. PRDX6AS1 gene polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility in Chinese populations. Front Immunol 2022; 13:987385. [PMID: 36311744 PMCID: PMC9601311 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.987385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex, multisystem autoimmune disease that is characterized by the production of autoantibodies. Although accumulated evidence suggests that the dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, the genetic contributions of lncRNA coding genes to SLE susceptibility remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed to provide more evidence for the role of lncRNA coding genes to SLE susceptibility. Methods The genetic association analysis was first adopted from the previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and was then validated in an independent cohort. PRDX6-AS1 is located at chr1:173204199-173446294. It spans a region of approximately 240 kb, and 297 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were covered by the previous GWAS. Differential expression at the mRNA level was analyzed based on the ArrayExpress Archive database. Results A total of 33 SNPs were associated with SLE susceptibility, with a P<1.68×10-4. The strongest association signal was detected at rs844649 (P=2.12×10-6), according to the previous GWAS. Combining the results from the GWAS Chinese cohort and our replication cohort, we pursued a meta-analysis approach and found a pronounced genetic association between PRDX6-AS1 rs844649 and SLE susceptibility (pmeta=1.24×10-13, OR 1.50, 95% CI: 1.34–1.67). The mRNA expression of PRDX6 was elevated in peripheral blood cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and multiple cell subpopulations, such as B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD3+ cells, and monocytes in patients with SLE. The PRDX6 protein expression level was also increased in patients with SLE compared with healthy donors. Conclusion Our study provides new evidence that variants located in lncRNA coding genes are associated with SLE susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Zhang
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Peng You
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ran Liu
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya-Fei Zhao
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Cui
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Nephrology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhan-Zheng Zhao
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Yuan Qi, ; Zhan-Zheng Zhao,
| | - Yuan-Yuan Qi
- Nephrology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan-Yuan Qi, ; Zhan-Zheng Zhao,
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Yang WY, Meng X, Wang YR, Wang QQ, He X, Sun XY, Cheng N, Zhang L. PRDX6 alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and ferroptosis in periodontitis. Acta Odontol Scand 2022; 80:535-546. [PMID: 35723029 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2022.2047780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is a progressive and inflammatory oral disease and results in the damage of the supporting tissues of teeth. Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) is an antioxidant enzyme identified as a regulator in ferroptosis. This study aimed to investigate whether PRDX6 could protect human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and its mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Both inflamed and non-inflamed human gingival tissues were collected to assess the expression of PRDX6 and nuclear factor erythropoietin 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) by Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of PRDX6 have been clarified in PRDX6 silenced cells. The inflammatory cytokines in HGFs were measured by RT-qPCR and ELISA. The lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) was detected by C11-BODIPY. RESULTS The expression of PRDX6 and NRF2 were decreased in gingival tissues of severe periodontitis patients. The increased LPS-induced LOOH and inflammatory cytokines were found in PRDX6 knockdown HGFs. Besides, the inhibition of ferroptosis or PRDX6 phospholipase A2 activity (PLA2) alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines and LOOH. However, inhibiting NRF2 signalling upregulated those in HGFs. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, this study provided a new mechanistic insight that PRDX6, regulated by the NRF2 signalling, alleviates LPS-induced inflammation and ferroptosis in human gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ying Yang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Meng
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Yue-Rong Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Qing-Qing Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Periodontal Department, Anhui Stomatology Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xin He
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Periodontal Department, Anhui Stomatology Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Sun
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Periodontal Department, Anhui Stomatology Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Nan Cheng
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Periodontal Department, Anhui Stomatology Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China.,Periodontal Department, Anhui Stomatology Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Cheng X, Fu Z, Xie W, Zhu L, Meng J. Preoperative circulating peroxiredoxin 1 levels as a predictor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease remission after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1072513. [PMID: 36619535 PMCID: PMC9810748 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1072513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity and insulin resistance and can be improved after bariatric surgery. Circulating Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx1) protein was reported to regulate energy metabolism and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the roles of serum prdx1 in NAFLD patients with obesity undergoing LSG and to develop a prognostic model to predict the remission of severe NAFLD. METHODS The data of 93 participants from a tertiary hospital were assessed. Before laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and three months after LSG, anthropometric parameters, laboratory biochemical data, and abdominal B-ultrasound results were collected, and their hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) were calculated. A NAFLD improvement (NAFLD-I) nomogram prediction model was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multiple regression, and its predictive ability was verified in a validation cohort. RESULTS The baseline Prdx1 (OR: 0.887, 95% CI: 0.816-0.963, p=0.004), preoperative TyG (OR: 8.207, 95% CI: 1.903-35.394, p=0.005) and HSI (OR: 0.861, 95% CI: 0.765-0.969, p=0.013) levels were independently associated with NAFLD-I at three months after LSG in NAFLD patients with obesity. In the primary and validation cohorts, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) of the developed nomogram model was 0.891 and 0.878, respectively. The preoperative circulating Prdx1 levels of NAFLD patients with obesity were significantly reduced after LSG (25.32 [18.99-30.88] vs. 23.34 [15.86-26.42], p=0.001). Prdx1 was related to obesity and hepatic steatosis based on correlation analysis. CONCLUSION The nomogram based on preoperative serum prdx1, HSI and TyG could be an effective tool for predicting remission of severe NAFLD after LSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Cheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhibing Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyong Zhu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Meng, ; Liyong Zhu,
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Meng, ; Liyong Zhu,
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Adaptative Up-Regulation of PRX2 and PRX5 Expression Characterizes Brain from a Mouse Model of Chorea-Acanthocytosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010076. [PMID: 35052580 PMCID: PMC8772732 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxiredoxins (PRXs) constitute a ubiquitous antioxidant. Growing evidence in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has highlighted a crucial role for PRXs against neuro-oxidation. Chorea-acanthocytosis/Vps13A disease (ChAc) is a devastating, life-shortening disorder characterized by acanthocytosis, neurodegeneration and abnormal proteostasis. We recently developed a Vps13a−/− ChAc-mouse model, showing acanthocytosis, neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation which could be restored by LYN inactivation. Here, we show in our Vps13a−/− mice protein oxidation, NRF2 activation and upregulation of downstream cytoprotective systems NQO1, SRXN1 and TRXR in basal ganglia. This was associated with upregulation of PRX2/5 expression compared to wild-type mice. PRX2 expression was age-dependent in both mouse strains, whereas only Vps13a−/− PRX5 expression was increased independent of age. LYN deficiency or nilotinib-mediated LYN inhibition improved autophagy in Vps13a−/− mice. In Vps13a−/−; Lyn−/− basal ganglia, absence of LYN resulted in reduced NRF2 activation and down-regulated expression of PRX2/5, SRXN1 and TRXR. Nilotinib treatment of Vps13a−/− mice reduced basal ganglia oxidation, and plasma PRX5 levels, suggesting plasma PRX5 as a possible ChAc biomarker. Our data support initiation of therapeutic Lyn inhibition as promptly as possible after ChAc diagnosis to minimize development of irreversible neuronal damage during otherwise inevitable ChAc progression.
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Andreadi A, Bellia A, Di Daniele N, Meloni M, Lauro R, Della-Morte D, Lauro D. The molecular link between oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes: A target for new therapies against cardiovascular diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2021; 62:85-96. [PMID: 34959126 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) is a chronic disease with a pandemic incidence whose pathogenesis has not yet been clarified. Raising evidence highlighted the role of oxidative stress in inducing insulin resistance, pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, and leading to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, understanding the link between oxidative stress, T2D and CVD may help to further understand the pathological processes beyond this association, to personalize the algorithm of the cure, and to find new therapeutic targets. Here, we discussed the role of oxidative stress and the decrease of antioxidant defenses in the pathogenesis of T2D. Furthermore, some aspects of hypoglycemic therapies and their potential role as antioxidant agents were examined, which might be pivotal in preventing CVD in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Andreadi
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; University Hospital Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; University Hospital Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; University Hospital Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Meloni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; University Hospital Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; University Hospital Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; San Raffaele Rome Open University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Miller School, Miami, USA
| | - Davide Lauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; University Hospital Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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Jia Z, Liu L, Zhang S, Zhao X, Luo L, Tang Y, Shen B, Chen M. Proteomics changes after negative pressure wound therapy in diabetic foot ulcers. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:834. [PMID: 34608502 PMCID: PMC8503750 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Label-free quantitative mass spectrometry was used to analyze the differences in the granulation tissue protein expression profiles of patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) before and after negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) to understand how NPWT promotes the healing of diabetic foot wounds. A total of three patients with DFUs hospitalized for Wagner grade 3 were enrolled. The patients received NPWT for one week. The granulation tissue samples of the patients prior to and following NPWT for one week were collected. The protein expression profiles were analyzed with label-free quantitative mass spectrometry and the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the DFU patients prior to and following NPWT for one week were identified. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were conducted to annotate the DEPs and DEP-associated signaling pathways. Western blotting and ELISA were performed to validate the results. By comparing the differences in the protein profiles of granulation tissue samples prior to and following NPWT for one week, 36 proteins with significant differences were identified (P<0.05); 33 of these proteins were upregulated and three proteins were downregulated. NPWT altered proteins mainly associated with antioxidation and detoxification, the cytoskeleton, regulation of the inflammatory response, complement and coagulation cascades and lipid metabolism. The functional validation of the DEPs demonstrated that the levels of cathepsin S in peripheral blood and granulation tissue were significantly lower than those prior to NPWT (P<0.05), while the levels of protein S isoform 1, inter α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 and peroxiredoxin-2 in peripheral blood and granulation tissue were significantly higher than those prior to NPWT (P<0.05). The present study identified multiple novel proteins altered by NPWT and laid a foundation for further studies investigating the mechanism of action of NPWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeguo Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Shiqian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yizhong Tang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Mingwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Jeong SJ, Park JG, Oh GT. Peroxiredoxins as Potential Targets for Cardiovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081244. [PMID: 34439492 PMCID: PMC8389283 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress (OS) is considered a common etiology in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the precise regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cardiovascular cells is essential to maintain normal physiological functions. Numerous regulators of cellular homeostasis are reportedly influenced by ROS. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as an endogenous ROS in aerobic cells, is a toxic substance that can induce OS. However, many studies conducted over the past two decades have provided substantial evidence that H2O2 acts as a diffusible intracellular signaling messenger. Antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidases, and peroxiredoxins (Prdxs), maintain the balance of ROS levels against augmentation of ROS production during the pathogenesis of CVD. Especially, Prdxs are regulatory sensors of transduced intracellular signals. The intracellular abundance of Prdxs that specifically react with H2O2 act as regulatory proteins. In this review, we focus on the role of Prdxs in the regulation of ROS-induced pathological changes in the development of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Jeong
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Jong-Gil Park
- Biotherapeutics Translational Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-G.P.); (G.T.O.); Tel.: +82-42-860-4122 (J.-G.P.); +82-2-3277-4128 (G.T.O.); Fax: +82-42-860-4149 (J.-G.P.); +82-2-3277-3760 (G.T.O.)
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Heart-Immune-Brain Network Research Center, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-G.P.); (G.T.O.); Tel.: +82-42-860-4122 (J.-G.P.); +82-2-3277-4128 (G.T.O.); Fax: +82-42-860-4149 (J.-G.P.); +82-2-3277-3760 (G.T.O.)
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Li J, Wang C, Wang W, Liu L, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Wang B, Wang S, Hou L, Gao C, Yu X, Sun L. PRDX2 Protects Against Atherosclerosis by Regulating the Phenotype and Function of the Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:624796. [PMID: 33791345 PMCID: PMC8006347 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.624796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2), an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is potentially involved in the progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of PRDX2 in AS. The expression of PRDX2 was evaluated in 14 human carotid artery tissues with or without AS. The results showed that the positive reaction of PRDX2 was observed in the carotid artery vascular smooth muscle cells (CAVSMCs). To assess the mechanism by which PRDX2 may function in AS, the CAVSMCs were transfected with pEX4-PRDX2 and si-PRDX2. The catalase, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenger, was used to further confirm that PRDX2-induced inhibitory effects might be mediated through reducing ROS levels. Phenotype alteration and functional testing included transcription testing, immunostaining, and expression studies. The drug of MAPK signaling pathway inhibitors SB203580, SP600125, and PD98059 was used to evaluate the underlying mechanism. In this study, we found that the protein level of PRDX2 and the level of H2O2 were higher in the human AS carotid artery tissues than in the normal carotid artery tissues, accompanied with the activation of MAPK signaling pathway. The up-regulation of PRDX2 in the CAVSMCs significantly decreased the expression of ROS, collagen type I (COL I), collagen type III (COL III), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and inhibited the proliferation, migration, and transformation of the CAVSMCs. The up-regulation of PRDX2 reversed the effect of the CAVSMCs treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, PRDX2 down-regulation promoted the protein levels of p-p38, p-JNK, and p-ERK, which was confirmed in relevant MAPK inhibitor treatment experiments. Our results suggest a protective role of PRDX2, as a scavenger of ROS, in AS progression through inhibiting the VSMC phenotype alteration and function via MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lingzi Liu
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Li Hou
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- Department of Electron Microscope, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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11
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Talepoor AG, Fouladseresht H, Khosropanah S, Doroudchi M. Immune-Inflammation in Atherosclerosis: A New Twist in an Old Tale. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2020; 20:525-545. [DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666191016095725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective:Atherosclerosis, a chronic and progressive inflammatory disease, is triggered by the activation of endothelial cells followed by infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cells including monocytes and T cells in arterial walls. Major populations of T cells found in human atherosclerotic lesions are antigen-specific activated CD4+ effectors and/or memory T cells from Th1, Th17, Th2 and Treg subsets. In this review, we will discuss the significance of T cell orchestrated immune inflammation in the development and progression of atherosclerosis.Discussion:Pathogen/oxidative stress/lipid induced primary endothelial wound cannot develop to a full-blown atherosclerotic lesion in the absence of chronically induced inflammation. While the primary inflammatory response might be viewed as a lone innate response, the persistence of such a profound response over time must be (and is) associated with diverse local and systemic T cell responses. The interplay between T cells and innate cells contributes to a phenomenon called immuneinflammation and has an impact on the progression and outcome of the lesion. In recent years immuneinflammation, an old term, has had a comeback in connecting the puzzle pieces of chronic inflammatory diseases.Conclusion:Taking one-step back and looking from afar at the players of immune-inflammation may help us provide a broader perspective of these complicated interactions. This may lead to the identification of new drug targets and the development of new therapies as well as preventative measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefe Ghamar Talepoor
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Fouladseresht
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shahdad Khosropanah
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Doroudchi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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12
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Panday S, Talreja R, Kavdia M. The role of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in regulating cellular level of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Microvasc Res 2020; 131:104010. [PMID: 32335268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) and GSH/glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzyme system is essential for normal intracellular homeostasis and gets disturbed under pathophysiologic conditions including endothelial dysfunction. Overproduction of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) including superoxide (O2•-), and the loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a characteristic of endothelial dysfunction. The GSH/GPX system play an important role in eliminating ROS/RNS. Studies have provided important information regarding the interactions of ROS/RNS with the GSH/GPX in biological systems; however, it is not clear how this cross talk affect these reactive species and GSH/GPX enzyme system, under physiologic and oxidative/nitrosative stress conditions. In the present study, we developed a detailed endothelial cell kinetic model to understand the relationship amongst the key enzyme systems including GSH, GPX, peroxiredoxin (Prx) and reactive species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3). Our simulation results showed that the alterations in the generation rates of O2•- and NO led to the formation of a wide range of ROS and RNS. Simulations performed by varying the ratio of O2•- to NO generation rates as well as GSH and GPX concentrations showed that the GPX reducing capacity was dependent on GSH availability, level of oxidative/nitrosative stress, and can be attributed to N2O3 levels, but not to H2O2 and ONOO-. Our results showed that N2O3 mediated switch-like depletion in GSH and the incorporation of Prx had no considerable effect on the ROS/RNS species other than ONOO- and H2O2. The analysis presented in this study will improve our understanding of vascular diseases in which the levels and oxidation states of GSH, GPX and/or Prx are significantly altered and pharmacological interventions show limited benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Panday
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Raghav Talreja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Mahendra Kavdia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America.
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13
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Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury in Rats: the Role of Extracellular Peroxiredoxin 2. Transl Stroke Res 2019; 11:288-295. [PMID: 31273681 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-019-00714-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) lysis within the hematoma causes brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage. Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRX-2) is the third most abundant protein in RBCs and this study examined the potential role of PRX-2 in inducing brain injury in rats. First, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats had an intracaudate injection of lysed RBCs or saline. Brains were harvested at 1 h to measure PRX-2 levels. Second, rats had an intracaudate injection of either recombinant PRX-2, heat-inactivated PRX-2, or saline. Third, rats had intracaudate co-injection of lysed RBCs with conoidin A, a PRX-2 inhibitor, or vehicle. For the second and third parts of studies, behavioral tests were performed and all rats had magnetic resonance imaging prior to euthanasia for brain immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. We found that brain PRX-2 levels were increased after lysed RBC injection. Intracaudate injection of PRX-2 resulted in blood-brain barrier disruption, brain swelling, neutrophil infiltration, microglia activation, neuronal death, and neurological deficits. Intracerebral injection of lysed RBCs induced brain injury, which was reduced by conoidin A. These results suggest that extracellular PRX-2 released from hematoma can cause brain injury following brain hemorrhage and could be a potential therapeutic target.
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14
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Peroxiredoxin6 in Endothelial Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8030063. [PMID: 30871234 PMCID: PMC6466833 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (Prdx) are a ubiquitous family of highly conserved antioxidant enzymes with a cysteine residue that participate in the reduction of peroxides. This family comprises members Prdx1–6, of which Peroxiredoxin 6 (Prdx6) is unique in that it is multifunctional with the ability to neutralize peroxides (peroxidase activity) and to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) via its phospholipase (PLA2) activity that drives assembly of NADPH oxidase (NOX2). From the crystal structure, a C47 residue is responsible for peroxidase activity while a catalytic triad (S32, H26, and D140) has been identified as the active site for its PLA2 activity. This paradox of being an antioxidant as well as an oxidant generator implies that Prdx6 is a regulator of cellular redox equilibrium (graphical abstract). It also indicates that a fine-tuned regulation of Prdx6 expression and activity is crucial to cellular homeostasis. This is specifically important in the endothelium, where ROS production and signaling are critical players in inflammation, injury, and repair, that collectively signal the onset of vascular diseases. Here we review the role of Prdx6 as a regulator of redox signaling, specifically in the endothelium and in mediating various pathologies.
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15
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Pacifici F, Della Morte D, Capuani B, Pastore D, Bellia A, Sbraccia P, Di Daniele N, Lauro R, Lauro D. Peroxiredoxin6, a Multitask Antioxidant Enzyme Involved in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:399-414. [PMID: 29160110 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. NCDs mainly comprise diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, and neurological degenerative diseases, which kill more than 80% of population, especially the elderly, worldwide. Recent Advances: Several recent theories established NCDs as multifactorial diseases, where a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors contributes to their pathogenesis. Nevertheless, recent findings suggest that the common factor linking all these pathologies is an increase in oxidative stress and the age-related loss of the antioxidant mechanisms of defense against it. Impairment in mitochondrial homeostasis with consequent deregulation in oxidative stress balance has also been suggested. CRITICAL ISSUES Therefore, antioxidant proteins deserve particular attention for their potential role against NCDs. In particular, peroxiredoxin(Prdx)6 is a unique antioxidant enzyme, belonging to the Prdx family, with double properties, peroxidase and phospholipase activities. Through these activities, Prdx6 has been shown to be a powerful antioxidant enzyme, implicated in the pathogenesis of different NCDs. Recently, we described a phenotype of diabetes mellitus in Prdx6 knockout mice, suggesting a pivotal role of Prdx6 in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Increasing awareness on the role of antioxidant defenses in the pathogenesis of NCDs may open novel therapeutic approaches to reduce the burden of this pandemic phenomenon. However, knowledge of the role of Prdx6 in NCD prevention and pathogenesis is still not clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pacifici
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - David Della Morte
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,2 Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University , Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Capuani
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Pastore
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Bellia
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Sbraccia
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Lauro
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Lauro
- 1 Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy .,3 Policlinico Tor Vergata Foundation, University Hospital , Rome, Italy
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16
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Aboo Bakkar Z, Fulford J, Gates PE, Jackman SR, Jones AM, Bond B, Bowtell JL. Prolonged forearm ischemia attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and plasma nitric oxide metabolites in overweight middle-aged men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 118:1565-1572. [PMID: 29785503 PMCID: PMC6060779 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Repeated cycles of endothelial ischemia–reperfusion injury and the resulting respiratory burst contribute to the irreversible pathophysiology of vascular diseases, and yet, the effects of ischemia reperfusion on vascular function, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability have not been assessed simultaneously. Therefore, this study sought to examine the effects of prolonged forearm occlusion and subsequent reperfusion on NO-dependent brachial artery endothelial function. Methods Flow-mediated dilatation was measured at baseline and 15, 30, and 45 min after 20-min forearm occlusion in 14 healthy, but physically inactive middle-aged men (53.7 ± 1.2 years, BMI: 28.1 ± 0.1 kg m−2). Venous blood samples collected from the occluded arm were analyzed for NO metabolites and markers of oxidative stress. Results FMD was significantly depressed after the prolonged occlusion compared to baseline, with a significant reduction 15-min post-occlusion (6.6 ± 0.7 to 2.9 ± 0.4%, p < 0.001); FMD remained depressed after 30 min (4.1 ± 0.6%, p = 0.001), but was not significantly different to baseline after 45-min recovery (5.4 ± 0.7%, p = 0.079). Plasma nitrate (main time effect: p = 0.015) and nitrite (main time effect: p = 0.034) concentrations were significantly reduced after prolonged occlusion. Plasma catalase activity was significantly elevated at 4- (p = 0.016) and 45-min (p = 0.001) post-occlusion, but plasma peroxiredoxin 2 and protein carbonyl content did not change. Conclusions Prolonged forearm occlusion resulted in acute impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of the brachial artery for at least 30 min after reperfusion. We demonstrate that this vascular dysfunction is associated with oxidative stress and reduced NO bioavailability following reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainie Aboo Bakkar
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | | | | | - Sarah R Jackman
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Andrew M Jones
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Bert Bond
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Joanna L Bowtell
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
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17
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Bierhansl L, Conradi LC, Treps L, Dewerchin M, Carmeliet P. Central Role of Metabolism in Endothelial Cell Function and Vascular Disease. Physiology (Bethesda) 2017; 32:126-140. [PMID: 28202623 PMCID: PMC5337830 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00031.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of endothelial cell (EC) metabolism and its regulatory role in the angiogenic behavior of ECs during vessel formation and in the function of different EC subtypes determined by different vascular beds has been recognized only in the last few years. Even more importantly, apart from a role of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in EC dysfunction, deregulations of EC metabolism in disease only recently received increasing attention. Although comprehensive metabolic characterization of ECs still needs further investigation, the concept of targeting EC metabolism to treat vascular disease is emerging. In this overview, we summarize EC-specific metabolic pathways, describe the current knowledge on their deregulation in vascular diseases, and give an outlook on how vascular endothelial metabolism can serve as a target to normalize deregulated endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bierhansl
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lena-Christin Conradi
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucas Treps
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Dewerchin
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Vesalius Research Center, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Nicolussi A, D'Inzeo S, Capalbo C, Giannini G, Coppa A. The role of peroxiredoxins in cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 6:139-153. [PMID: 28357082 PMCID: PMC5351761 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are a ubiquitously expressed family of small (22–27 kDa) non-seleno peroxidases that catalyze the peroxide reduction of H2O2, organic hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite. They are highly involved in the control of various physiological functions, including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic development, lipid metabolism, the immune response, as well as cellular homeostasis. Although the protective role of PRDXs in cardiovascular and neurological diseases is well established, their role in cancer remains controversial. Increasing evidence suggests the involvement of PRDXs in carcinogenesis and in the development of drug resistance. Numerous types of cancer cells, in fact, are characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and often exhibit an altered redox environment compared with normal cells. The present review focuses on the complex association between oxidant balance and cancer, and it provides a brief account of the involvement of PRDXs in tumorigenesis and in the development of chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Nicolussi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia D'Inzeo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Capalbo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Coppa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, I-00161 Rome, Italy
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19
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Feliciano A, Vaz F, Torres VM, Valentim-Coelho C, Silva R, Prosinecki V, Alexandre BM, Carvalho AS, Matthiesen R, Malhotra A, Pinto P, Bárbara C, Penque D. Evening and morning peroxiredoxin-2 redox/oligomeric state changes in obstructive sleep apnea red blood cells: Correlation with polysomnographic and metabolic parameters. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1863:621-629. [PMID: 27864139 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the effects of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) on red blood cell (RBC) proteome variation at evening/morning day time to uncover new insights into OSA-induced RBC dysfunction that may lead to OSA manifestations. Dysregulated proteins mainly fall in the group of catalytic enzymes, stress response and redox regulators such as peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2). Validation assays confirmed that at morning the monomeric/dimeric forms of PRDX2 were more overoxidized in OSA RBC compared to evening samples. Six month of positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment decreased this overoxidation and generated multimeric overoxidized forms associated with chaperone/transduction signaling activity of PRDX2. Morning levels of overoxidized PRDX2 correlated with polysomnographic (PSG)-arousal index and metabolic parameters whereas the evening level of disulfide-linked dimer (associated with peroxidase activity of PRDX2) correlated with PSG parameters. After treatment, morning overoxidized multimer of PRDX2 negatively correlated with fasting glucose and dopamine levels. Overall, these data point toward severe oxidative stress and altered antioxidant homeostasis in OSA RBC occurring mainly at morning time but with consequences till evening. The beneficial effect of PAP involves modulation of the redox/oligomeric state of PRDX2, whose mechanism and associated chaperone/transduction signaling functions deserves further investigation. RBC PRDX2 is a promising candidate biomarker for OSA severity and treatment monitoring, warranting further investigation and validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélia Feliciano
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte (CHLN), Lisboa, Portugal; Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Fátima Vaz
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal; ToxOmics- Centre of Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vukosava M Torres
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal; ToxOmics- Centre of Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Valentim-Coelho
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Rita Silva
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Vesna Prosinecki
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Bruno M Alexandre
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Ana S Carvalho
- Departamento da Promoção da Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Rune Matthiesen
- Departamento da Promoção da Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Paula Pinto
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte (CHLN), Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Bárbara
- Serviço de Pneumologia, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte (CHLN), Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Saúde Ambiental (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Deborah Penque
- Laboratório de Proteómica, Departamento de Genética Humana, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisboa 1640-016, Portugal; ToxOmics- Centre of Toxicogenomics and Human Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal..
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Gateva A, Assyov Y, Velikova T, Kamenov Z. Increased peroxiredoxin 4 levels in patients with prediabetes compared to normal glucose tolerance subjects. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2016; 85:551-5. [PMID: 27303935 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxiredoxin 4 is a part of endogen antioxidant system and its levels are elevated in oxidative stress conditions. Its levels are positively associated with cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to compare serum peroxiredoxin 4 levels between obese subjects with prediabetes and with normal glucose tolerance. METHODS In this study, we included 80 patients with mean age 50·4 ± 10·6 years and divided them into two age and BMI-matched groups - group 1 with obesity without glycaemic disturbances (n = 41) and group 2 with obesity and prediabetes (n = 39). Oral glucose tolerance test with measurement of immunoreactive insulin was performed in all participants, and the levels of peroxiredoxin 4 were measured using ELISA method. RESULTS We found significantly higher levels of peroxiredoxin 4 in patients with prediabetes compared to controls (2851·2 ± 4576·6 pg/ml vs 1088·0 ± 753·3 pg/ml; P = 0·022). There was a mild but statistically significant correlation between peroxiredoxin 4 and weight (r = 0·232; P = 0·038), waist circumference (r = 0·239; P = 0·044), creatinine (r = 0·264; P = 0·019), liver enzymes (ASAT - r = 0·289; P = 0·019 and ALAT - r = 0·305; P = 0·07) and white blood cells count (r = 0·317; P = 0·005). There was no difference in peroxiredoxin 4 levels in patients with and without insulin resistance, as well as with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS), although the levels of peroxiredoxin 4 increased with the number of components of MetS. CONCLUSIONS The levels of peroxiredoxin 4 are higher in patients with prediabetes, but are similar in subjects with and without insulin resistance, which suggests that the main factor for its increased levels is hyperglycaemia and not insulin sensitivity state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoaneta Gateva
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Yavor Assyov
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zdravko Kamenov
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Wu X, Ji P, Zhang L, Bu G, Gu H, Wang X, Xiong Y, Zuo B. The Expression of Porcine Prdx6 Gene Is Up-Regulated by C/EBPβ and CREB. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144851. [PMID: 26659441 PMCID: PMC4699452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin6 (Prdx6) is one of the peroxiredoxin (Prdxs) family members that play an important role in maintaining cell homeostasis. Our previous studies demonstrated that Prdx6 was significantly associated with pig meat quality, especially meat tenderness. However, the transcriptional regulation of porcine Prdx6 remains unclear. In this study, we determined the transcription start site (TSS) of porcine Prdx6 gene by 5' rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (5' RACE). Several regulatory elements including CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinβ (C/EBPβ), Myogenic Differentiation (MyoD), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), stimulating protein1 (Sp1) and heat shock factor (HSF) binding sites were found by computational analyses together with luciferase reporter system. Overexpression and RNA interference experiments showed that C/EBPβ or CREB could up-regulate the expression of porcine Prdx6 gene at both mRNA and protein level. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (ChIP) confirmed that C/EBPβ and CREB could interact with Prdx6 promoter. Immuoprecipitation results also showed that C/EBPβ could interact with Prdx6 in vivo. Taken together, our findings identified C/EBPβ and CREB as the important regulators of porcine Prdx6 gene expression, and offered clues for further investigation of Prdx6 gene function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Panlong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Guowei Bu
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Hao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Basic Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yuanzhu Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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22
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Ishii T. Close teamwork between Nrf2 and peroxiredoxins 1 and 6 for the regulation of prostaglandin D2 and E2 production in macrophages in acute inflammation. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:189-198. [PMID: 25968070 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex biological self-defense reaction triggered by tissue damage or infection by pathogens. Acute inflammation is regulated by the time- and cell type-dependent production of cytokines and small signaling molecules including reactive oxygen species and prostaglandins. Recent studies have unveiled the important role of the transcription factor Nrf2 in the regulation of prostaglandin production through transcriptional regulation of peroxiredoxins 1 and 6 (Prx1 and Prx6) and lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS). Prx1 and Prx6 are multifunctional proteins important for cell protection against oxidative stress, but also work together to facilitate production of prostaglandins E2 and D2 (PGE2 and PGD2). Prx1 secreted from cells under mild oxidative stress binds Toll-like receptor 4 and induces NF-κB activation, important for the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1) expression. The activated MAPKs p38 and ERK phosphorylate Prx6, leading to NADPH oxidase-2 activation, which contributes to production of PGD2 by hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS). PGD2 and its end product 15-deoxy-∆(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) activate Nrf2 thereby forming a positive feedback loop for further production of PGD2 by L-PGDS. Maintenance of cellular glutathione levels is an important role of Nrf2 not only for cell protection but also for the synthesis of prostaglandins, as mPGES-1 and H-PGDS require glutathione for their activities. This review is aimed at describing the functions of Prx1 and Prx6 in the regulation of PGD2 and PGE2 production in acute inflammation in macrophages and the importance of 15d-PGJ2 as an intrinsic Nrf2 activator.
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Tang Z, Xia N, Yuan X, Zhu X, Xu G, Cui S, Zhang T, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Wang S, Shi B. PRDX1 is involved in palmitate induced insulin resistance via regulating the activity of p38MAPK in HepG2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 465:670-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Conway ME, Lee C. The redox switch that regulates molecular chaperones. Biomol Concepts 2015; 6:269-84. [PMID: 26352357 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2015-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractModification of reactive cysteine residues plays an integral role in redox-regulated reactions. Oxidation of thiolate anions to sulphenic acid can result in disulphide bond formation, or overoxidation to sulphonic acid, representing reversible and irreversible endpoints of cysteine oxidation, respectively. The antioxidant systems of the cell, including the thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems, aim to prevent these higher and irreversible oxidation states. This is important as these redox transitions have numerous roles in regulating the structure/function relationship of proteins. Proteins with redox-active switches as described for peroxiredoxin (Prx) and protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) can undergo dynamic structural rearrangement resulting in a gain of function. For Prx, transition from cysteine sulphenic acid to sulphinic acid is described as an adaptive response during increased cellular stress causing Prx to form higher molecular weight aggregates, switching its role from antioxidant to molecular chaperone. Evidence in support of PDI as a redox-regulated chaperone is also gaining impetus, where oxidation of the redox-active CXXC regions causes a structural change, exposing its hydrophobic region, facilitating polypeptide folding. In this review, we will focus on these two chaperones that are directly regulated through thiol-disulphide exchange and detail how these redox-induced switches allow for dual activity. Moreover, we will introduce a new role for a metabolic protein, the branched-chain aminotransferase, and discuss how it shares common mechanistic features with these well-documented chaperones. Together, the physiological importance of the redox regulation of these proteins under pathological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis will be discussed to illustrate the impact and importance of correct folding and chaperone-mediated activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myra E. Conway
- 1Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Christopher Lee
- 1Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
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25
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Checconi P, Salzano S, Bowler L, Mullen L, Mengozzi M, Hanschmann EM, Lillig CH, Sgarbanti R, Panella S, Nencioni L, Palamara AT, Ghezzi P. Redox proteomics of the inflammatory secretome identifies a common set of redoxins and other glutathionylated proteins released in inflammation, influenza virus infection and oxidative stress. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127086. [PMID: 25985305 PMCID: PMC4436175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein cysteines can form transient disulfides with glutathione (GSH), resulting in the production of glutathionylated proteins, and this process is regarded as a mechanism by which the redox state of the cell can regulate protein function. Most studies on redox regulation of immunity have focused on intracellular proteins. In this study we have used redox proteomics to identify those proteins released in glutathionylated form by macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after pre-loading the cells with biotinylated GSH. Of the several proteins identified in the redox secretome, we have selected a number for validation. Proteomic analysis indicated that LPS stimulated the release of peroxiredoxin (PRDX) 1, PRDX2, vimentin (VIM), profilin1 (PFN1) and thioredoxin 1 (TXN1). For PRDX1 and TXN1, we were able to confirm that the released protein is glutathionylated. PRDX1, PRDX2 and TXN1 were also released by the human pulmonary epithelial cell line, A549, infected with influenza virus. The release of the proteins identified was inhibited by the anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX), which also inhibited tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α release, and by thiol antioxidants (N-butanoyl GSH derivative, GSH-C4, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which did not affect TNF-α production. The proteins identified could be useful as biomarkers of oxidative stress associated with inflammation, and further studies will be required to investigate if the extracellular forms of these proteins has immunoregulatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Checconi
- Institute Pasteur, Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Salzano
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Lucas Bowler
- University of Brighton, Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Moulsecoomb, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Mullen
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Manuela Mengozzi
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Eva-Maria Hanschmann
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christopher Horst Lillig
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Simona Panella
- IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Telematic University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Nencioni
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Telematic University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti Foundation, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Ghezzi
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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26
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El Eter E, Al-Masri AA. Peroxiredoxin isoforms are associated with cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:465-9. [PMID: 25742636 PMCID: PMC4445671 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The production of oxygen free radicals in type 2 diabetes mellitus contributes to the
development of complications, especially the cardiovascular-related ones.
Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are antioxidant enzymes that combat oxidative stress. The aim
of this study was to investigate the associations between the levels of PRDX isoforms
(1, 2, 4, and 6) and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Fifty-three patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (28F/25M) and 25 healthy control
subjects (7F/18M) were enrolled. We measured the plasma levels of each PRDX isoform
and analyzed their correlations with cardiovascular risk factors. The plasma PRDX1,
-2, -4, and -6 levels were higher in the diabetic patients than in the healthy
control subjects. PRDX2 and -6 levels were negatively correlated with diastolic blood
pressure, fasting blood sugar, and hemoglobin A1c. In contrast, PRDX1 levels were
positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein and C-reactive protein levels.
PRDX4 levels were negatively correlated with triglycerides. In conclusion, PRDX1, -2,
-4, and -6 showed differential correlations with a variety of traditional
cardiovascular risk factors. These results should encourage further research into the
crosstalk between PRDX isoforms and cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- E El Eter
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Al-Masri
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abbasi A, Corpeleijn E, Gansevoort RT, Gans ROB, Struck J, Schulte J, Hillege HL, van der Harst P, Stolk RP, Navis G, Bakker SJL. Circulating peroxiredoxin 4 and type 2 diabetes risk: the Prevention of Renal and Vascular Endstage Disease (PREVEND) study. Diabetologia 2014; 57:1842-9. [PMID: 24893865 PMCID: PMC4119240 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-014-3278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Oxidative stress plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We previously showed that the circulating antioxidant peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the association of Prx4 with type 2 diabetes risk in the general population. METHODS We analysed data on 7,972 individuals from the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease (PREVEND) study (49% men, aged 28-75 years) with no diabetes at baseline. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, waist circumference, hypertension and family history of diabetes were used to estimate the ORs for type 2 diabetes. RESULTS During a median follow up of 7.7 years, 496 individuals (288 men; 58%) developed type 2 diabetes. The median (Q1-Q3) Prx4 level was 0.84 (0.53-1.40) U/l in individuals who developed type 2 diabetes and 0.68 (0.43-1.08) U/l in individuals who did not develop type 2 diabetes. For every doubling of Prx4 levels, the adjusted OR (95% CI) for type 2 diabetes was 1.16 (1.05-1.29) in the whole population; by sex, it was 1.31 (1.14-1.50) for men and 1.03 (0.87-1.21) for women. Further adjustment for other clinical measures did not materially change the results. The addition of Prx4 to a validated diabetes risk score significantly improved the prediction of type 2 diabetes in men (p = 0.002 for reclassification improvement). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that elevated serum Prx4 levels are associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes. For men, taking Prx4 into consideration can improve type 2 diabetes prediction over a validated diabetes risk score; in contrast, there is no improvement in risk prediction for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abbasi
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands,
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