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Grushko OG, Cho S, Tate AM, Rosenson RS, Pinsky DJ, Haus JM, Hummel SL, Goonewardena SN. Glycocalyx Disruption Triggers Human Monocyte Activation in Acute Heart Failure Syndromes. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024; 38:305-313. [PMID: 36260206 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute heart failure (AHF) syndromes manifest increased inflammation and vascular dysfunction; however, mechanisms that integrate the two in AHF remain largely unknown. The glycocalyx (GAC) is a sugar-based shell that envelops all mammalian cells. Much GAC research has focused on its role in vascular responses, with comparatively little known about how the GAC regulates immune cell function. METHODS In this study, we sought to determine if GAC degradation products are elevated in AHF patients, how these degradation products relate to circulating inflammatory mediators, and whether the monocyte GAC (mGAC) itself modulates monocyte activation. Inflammatory markers and GAC degradation products were profiled using ELISAs. Flow cytometry was used to assess the mGAC and RNA-seq was employed to understand the role of the mGAC in regulating inflammatory activation programs. RESULTS In a cohort of hospitalized AHF patients (n = 17), we found that (1) the GAC degradation product heparan sulfate (HS) was elevated compared with age-matched controls (4396 and 2903 ng/mL; p = 0.01) and that (2) HS and soluble CD14 (a marker of monocyte activation) levels were closely related (Pearson's r = 0.65; p = 0.002). Mechanistically, Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation of human monocytes results in GAC remodeling and a decrease in the mGAC (71% compared with no treatment; p = 0.0007). Additionally, we found that ex vivo enzymatic removal of HS and disruption of the mGAC triggers human monocyte activation and amplifies monocyte inflammatory responses. Specifically, using RNA-seq, we found that enzymatic degradation of the mGAC increases transcription of inflammatory (IL6, CCL3) and vascular (tissue factor/F3) mediators. CONCLUSION These studies indicate that the mGAC is dynamically remodeled during monocyte activation and that mGAC remodeling itself may contribute to the heightened inflammation associated with AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Grushko
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA
| | - Steven Cho
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA
| | - Ashley M Tate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA
| | - Robert S Rosenson
- Metabolism and Lipids Unit, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Cardiovascular Institute, Marie-Josee and Henry R Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Mount Sinai, NY, USA
| | - David J Pinsky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott L Hummel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA
- VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sascha N Goonewardena
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA.
- VA Ann Arbor Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Patel SH, Campbell NWC, Emenim CE, Farino DO, Damen FW, Rispoli JV, Goergen CJ, Haus JM, Sabbaghi A, Carroll CC. Patellar tendon biomechanical and morphologic properties and their relationship to serum clinical variables in persons with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 38400550 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Tendon biomechanical properties and fibril organization are altered in patients with diabetes compared to healthy individuals, yet few biomarkers have been associated with in vivo tendon properties. We investigated the relationships between in vivo imaging-based tendon properties, serum variables, and patient characteristics across healthy controls (n = 14, age: 45 ± 5 years, body mass index [BMI]: 24 ± 1, hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]: 5.3 ± 0.1%), prediabetes (n = 14, age: 54 ± 5 years, BMI: 29 ± 2; HbA1c: 5.7 ± 0.1), and type 2 diabetes (n = 13, age: 55 ± 3 years, BMI: 33 ± 2, HbA1c: 6.7 ± 0.3). We used ultrasound speckle-tracking and measurements from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to estimate the patellar tendon in vivo tangent modulus. Analysis of plasma c-peptide, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), adiponectin, leptin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP) was completed. We built regression models incorporating statistically significant covariates and indicators for the clinically defined groups. We found that tendon cross-sectional area normalized to body weight (BWN CSA) and modulus were lower in patients with type 2 diabetes than in healthy controls (p < 0.05). Our regression analysis revealed that a model that included BMI, leptin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), age, and group explained ~70% of the variability in BWN CSA (R2 = 0.70, p < 0.001). For modulus, including the main effects LDL, groups, HbA1c, age, BMI, cholesterol, IGF-1, c-peptide, leptin, and IL-6, accounted for ~54% of the variability in modulus (R2 = 0.54, p < 0.05). While BWN CSA and modulus were lower in those with diabetes, group was a poor predicter of tendon properties when considering the selected covariates. These data highlight the multifactorial nature of tendon changes with diabetes and suggest that blood variables could be reliable predictors of tendon properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam H Patel
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Nathan W C Campbell
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Chinonso E Emenim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Dominick O Farino
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Frederick W Damen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Joseph V Rispoli
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Arman Sabbaghi
- Head of Clinical Methods, Unlearn.AI, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chad C Carroll
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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Fuller KN, Bohne EM, Mey JT, Blackburn BK, Miranda VR, Varady KA, Danielson KK, Haus JM. Plasma undercarboxylated osteocalcin dynamics with glycemic stress reflects insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in humans with and without T2DM. Metabol Open 2023; 20:100264. [PMID: 38115864 PMCID: PMC10728569 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to better understand the relationship between bone-related biomarkers and nutrient stress in the context of metabolic health. We investigated plasma osteocalcin (OC) during an oral glucose challenge and experimental hyperinsulinemia in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and lean healthy controls (LHC). Older individuals with obesity and T2DM (n = 9) and young LHCs (n = 9) underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a 40 mU/m2/min hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Plasma undercarboxylated OC (ucOC) and total OC were measured at baseline, 60mins, and 120mins of the OGTT and clamp via ELISA. In addition, plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP), leptin, adiponectin, Vitamin D and insulin were measured and indices of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were derived. The T2DM group had lower (p<0.05) ucOC and ucOC:total OC ratio than LHC during both the OGTT and clamp. Further, baseline ucOC was positively correlated to indices of β-cell function and negatively correlated to indices of insulin resistance when both groups were combined (all p<0.05). Suppression of OC observed in T2DM may be related to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Similarly, our data suggest that the observed phenotypic differences between groups are likely a product of long-term glucose dysregulation rather than acute flux in glucose or insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N.Z. Fuller
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Endocrinology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Erin M. Bohne
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob T. Mey
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Brian K. Blackburn
- Applied Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, USA
| | | | - Krista A. Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kirstie K. Danielson
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Perkins RK, Miranda ER, Varshney P, Farabi SS, Quinn LT, Haus JM. Effects of acute aerobic exercise on circulating sTLR and sRAGE profiles in normal- and abnormal-glucose-tolerant individuals. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15859. [PMID: 37985201 PMCID: PMC10659941 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BMI-matched normal- (NGT, n = 10, 41 ± 4y, 35.6 ± 3.0 kg/m2 ) and abnormal-glucose-tolerant (AGT, n = 16, 51 ± 3y, 34.3 ± 1.5 kg/m2 ) participants were evaluated for body composition, metabolic health (oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]), and VO2 max. Participants also completed a treadmill walking test at 65% VO2 max for 30 min. Total sRAGE, esRAGE, sTLR2, and sTLR4 were assessed via ELISA, and cRAGE was calculated. AGT exhibited greater (p < 0.05) body fat % (+24%), fasting plasma glucose (+37%), OGTT AUC (+59%), and HOMA-IR (+55%) and lower (p < 0.05) VO2 max (-24%). sTLR2 was 33% lower in AGT than NGT (main effect, p = 0.034). However, sTLR2 did not change (p > 0.05) following AE. sTLR4 tended to be 36% lower in AGT than NGT (main effect, p = 0.096) and did not change following AE (p > 0.05). Total sRAGE and isoforms were similar (p > 0.05) between groups and did not change following AE (p > 0.05). sTLR2 was correlated with (p < 0.05) basal BG (r = -0.505) and OGTT AUC (r = -0.687). sTLR4 was correlated with basal BG (p < 0.10, r = -0.374) and OGTT AUC (p < 0.05, r = -0.402). Linear regressions were predictive of sTLRs in the basal state (sTLR2: R2 = 0.641, p = 0.01; sTLR4: R2 = 0.566, p = 0.037) and after acute exercise state (sTLR2: R2 = 0.681, p = 0.004, sTLR4: R2 = 0.568, p = 0.036).These findings show circulating sTLR profiles are disrupted in AGT and acute AE minimally modulates their levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K. Perkins
- Department of KinesiologyCalifornia State University, ChicoChicoCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | - Sarah S. Farabi
- Center for Human NutritionWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Goldfarb School of Nursing at Barnes‐Jewish CollegeSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Lauretta T. Quinn
- Department of Behavioral Health SciencesUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Miranda ER, Mey JT, Blackburn BK, Chaves AB, Fuller KNZ, Perkins RK, Ludlow AT, Haus JM. Soluble RAGE and skeletal muscle tissue RAGE expression profiles in lean and obese young adults across differential aerobic exercise intensities. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:849-862. [PMID: 37675469 PMCID: PMC10642519 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00748.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly 40% of Americans have obesity and are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle is responsible for >80% of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake that is attenuated by the inflammatory milieu of obesity and augmented by aerobic exercise. The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is an inflammatory receptor directly linking metabolic dysfunction with inflammation. Circulating soluble isoforms of RAGE (sRAGE) formed either by proteolytic cleavage (cRAGE) or alternative splicing (esRAGE) act as decoys for RAGE ligands, thereby counteracting RAGE-mediated inflammation. We aimed to determine if RAGE expression or alternative splicing of RAGE is altered by obesity in muscle, and whether acute aerobic exercise (AE) modifies RAGE and sRAGE. Young (20-34 yr) participants without [n = 17; body mass index (BMI): 22.6 ± 2.6 kg/m2] and with obesity (n = 7; BMI: 32.8 ± 2.9 kg/m2) performed acute aerobic exercise (AE) at 40%, 65%, or 80% of maximal aerobic capacity (V̇o2max; mL/kg/min) on separate visits. Blood was taken before and 30 min after each AE bout. Muscle biopsy samples were taken before, 30 min, and 3 h after the 80% V̇o2max AE bout. Individuals with obesity had higher total RAGE and esRAGE mRNA and RAGE protein (P < 0.0001). In addition, RAGE and esRAGE transcripts correlated to transcripts of the NF-κB subunit P65 (P < 0.05). There was no effect of AE on total RAGE or esRAGE transcripts, or RAGE protein (P > 0.05), and AE tended to decrease circulating sRAGE in particular at lower intensities of exercise. RAGE expression is exacerbated in skeletal muscle with obesity, which may contribute to muscle inflammation via NF-κB. Future work should investigate the consequences of increased skeletal muscle RAGE on the development of obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and potential mitigating strategies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise intensity on circulating sRAGE isoforms, muscle RAGE protein, and muscle RAGE splicing. sRAGE isoforms tended to diminish with exercise, although this effect was attenuated with increasing exercise intensity. Muscle RAGE protein and gene expression were unaffected by exercise. However, individuals with obesity displayed nearly twofold higher muscle RAGE protein and gene expression, which positively correlated with expression of the P65 subunit of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Jacob T Mey
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Brian K Blackburn
- Applied Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California, United States
| | - Alec B Chaves
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Kelly N Z Fuller
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
| | - Ryan K Perkins
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Chico, Chico, California, United States
| | - Andrew T Ludlow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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Miranda ER, Haus JM. Glyoxalase I is a novel target for the prevention of metabolic derangement. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108524. [PMID: 37722607 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Obesity prevalence in the US has nearly tripled since 1975 and a parallel increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity promotes a myriad of metabolic derangements with insulin resistance (IR) being perhaps the most responsible for the development of T2D and other related diseases such as cardiovascular disease. The precarious nature of IR development is such that it provides a valuable target for the prevention of further disease development. However, the mechanisms driving IR are numerous and complex making the development of viable interventions difficult. The development of metabolic derangement in the context of obesity promotes accumulation of reactive metabolites such as the reactive alpha-dicarbonyl methylglyoxal (MG). MG accumulation has long been appreciated as a marker of disease progression in patients with T2D as well as the development of diabetic complications. However, recent evidence suggests that the accumulation of MG occurs with obesity prior to T2D onset and may be a primary driving factor for the development of IR and T2D. Further, emerging evidence also suggests that this accumulation of MG with obesity may be a result in a loss of MG detoxifying capacity of glyoxalase I. In this review, we will discuss the evidence that posits MG accumulation because of GLO1 attenuation is a novel target mechanism of the development of metabolic derangement. In addition, we will also explore the regulation of GLO1 and the strategies that have been investigated so far to target GLO1 regulation for the prevention and treatment of metabolic derangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
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Shadiow J, Miranda ER, Perkins RK, Mazo CE, Lin Z, Lewis KN, Mey JT, Solomon TPJ, Haus JM. Exercise-induced changes to the fiber type-specific redox state in human skeletal muscle are associated with aerobic capacity. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:508-518. [PMID: 37471216 PMCID: PMC10538995 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00662.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The benefits of exercise involve skeletal muscle redox state alterations of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). We determined the fiber-specific effects of acute exercise on the skeletal muscle redox state in healthy adults. Muscle biopsies were obtained from 19 participants (11 M, 8 F; 26 ± 4 yr) at baseline (fasted) and 30 min and 3 h after treadmill exercise at 80% maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2max). Muscle samples were probed for autofluorescence of NADH (excitation at 340-360 nm) and oxidized flavoproteins (Fp; excitation at 440-470 nm) and subsequently, fiber typed to quantify the redox signatures of individual muscle fibers. Redox state was calculated as the oxidation-to-reduction redox ratio: Fp/(Fp + NADH). At baseline, pair-wise comparisons revealed that the redox ratio of myosin heavy chain (MHC) I fibers was 7.2% higher than MHC IIa (P = 0.023, 95% CI: 5.2, 9.2%) and the redox ratio of MHC IIa was 8.0% higher than MHC IIx (P = 0.035, 95% CI: 6.8, 9.2%). MHC I fibers also displayed greater NADH intensity than MHC IIx (P = 0.007) and greater Fp intensity than both MHC IIa (P = 0.019) and MHC IIx (P < 0.0001). Fp intensities increased in all fiber types (main effect, P = 0.039) but redox ratios did not change (main effect, P = 0.483) 30 min after exercise. The change in redox ratio was positively correlated with capillary density in MHC I (rho = 0.762, P = 0.037), MHC IIa fibers (rho = 0.881, P = 0.007), and modestly in MHC IIx fibers (rho = 0. 771, P = 0.103). These findings support the use of redox autofluorescence to interrogate skeletal muscle metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to use autofluorescent imaging to describe differential redox states within human skeletal muscle fiber types with exercise. Our findings highlight an easy and efficacious technique for assessing skeletal muscle redox in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Shadiow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Edwin R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Ryan K Perkins
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Corey E Mazo
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Zhen Lin
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Kendell N Lewis
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Jacob T Mey
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | | | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular and immune dysfunction are hallmarks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although our understanding of the pathogenesis of COVID-19 has rapidly evolved, much of the focus has been on the immune mechanisms underlying COVID-19. In addition to immune dysfunction, vascular injury is also associated with COVID-19 and is a major driver of clinical deterioration in SARS-CoV-2 infections. The glycocalyx (GAC), a sugar-based shell that surrounds all mammalian cells, is an important regulator of vascular and immune responses. In sepsis, vascular dysfunction contributes to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by altering vessel integrity, promoting thrombosis, and accelerating inflammation, all of which are also present in COVID-19. Observational studies in sepsis have found an association between levels of circulating GAC degradation products with both organ dysfunction and mortality. Although vascular dysfunction is a hallmark of COVID-19, it remains unclear whether GAC disruption occurs in COVID-19 and if GAC disruption contributes to the clinical progression of COVID-19. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, we measured the GAC components syndecan-1 (SDC1) and hyaluronan (Hyal) along with inflammatory cytokines in 12 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 8 healthy controls (HC). RESULTS In agreement with other studies, we found that inflammatory cytokines are elevated in hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared with HC [median (IQR), all units picograms per milliliter: IL-6 4.65 (3.32-9.16) vs 0.69 (0.55-0.89), p < 0.001; TNFα 4.49 (1.87-8.03) vs 0.04 (0.04-0.84), p < 0.001]. Additionally, we found that the GAC components SDC1 and Hyal are also elevated in COVID-19 patients [median (IQR), all units picograms per milliliter: SDC1: 247.37 (101.43-458.26) vs 84.8 (52.88-123.59), p = 0.036; Hyal: 26.41 (16.4-35.1) vs 3.01 (1.66-4.61), p < 0.001]. CONCLUSION We propose that GAC markers offer insights into the pathobiology of COVID-19, potentially guide therapeutic approaches, and could aid in early risk stratification that is particularly beneficial in phasic diseases such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha N Goonewardena
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA.
| | - Olga G Grushko
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Joanna Wells
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lauren Herty
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Robert S Rosenson
- Metabolism and Lipids Unit, Mount Sinai Heart, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott L Hummel
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- University of Michigan Frankel Cardiovascular Center, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, SPC 5853, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5853, USA.
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Chen Z, Haus JM, DiPietro LA, Koh TJ, Minshall RD. Neutralization of excessive CCL28 improves wound healing in diabetic mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1087924. [PMID: 36713846 PMCID: PMC9880283 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1087924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic, non-healing skin wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and often result in limb amputation and even death. However, mechanisms by which T2DM and inflammation negatively impact skin wound healing remains poorly understood. Here we investigate a mechanism by which an excessive level of chemokine CCL28, through its receptor CCR10, impairs wound healing in patients and mice with T2DM. Methods & Results: Firstly, a higher level of CCL28 was observed in skin and plasma in both patients with T2DM, and in obesity-induced type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Compared with WT mice, adipose tissue from db/db mice released 50% more CCL28, as well as 2- to 3-fold more IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and less VEGF, as determined by ELISA measurements. Secondly, overexpression of CCL28 with adenovirus (Adv-CCL28) caused elevation of proinflammatory cytokines as well as CCR10 expression and also reduced eNOS expression in the dorsal skin of WT mice as compared with control Adv. Thirdly, topical application of neutralizing anti-CCL28 Ab dose-dependently accelerated wound closure and eNOS expression, and decreased IL-6 level, with an optimal dose of 1 μg/wound. In addition, mRNA levels of eNOS and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 were increased as shown by real-time RT-PCR. The interaction between eNOS and CCR10 was significantly reduced in diabetic mouse wounds following application of the optimal dose of anti-CCL28 Ab, and eNOS expression increased. Finally, enhanced VEGF production and increased subdermal vessel density as indicated by CD31 immunostaining were also observed with anti-CCL28 Ab. Discussion: Taken together, topical application of neutralizing anti-CCL28 Ab improved dorsal skin wound healing by reducing CCR10 activation and inflammation in part by preventing eNOS downregulation, increasing VEGF production, and restoring angiogenesis. These results indicate anti-CCL28 Ab has significant potential as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of chronic non-healing diabetic skin wounds such as DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Luisa A. DiPietro
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Timothy J. Koh
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Richard D. Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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10
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Ezpeleta M, Gabel K, Cienfuegos S, Kalam F, Lin S, Pavlou V, Song Z, Haus JM, Koppe S, Alexandria SJ, Tussing-Humphreys L, Varady KA. Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial. Cell Metab 2023; 35:56-70.e3. [PMID: 36549296 PMCID: PMC9812925 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Innovative non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are critically needed. This study compared the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with exercise to fasting alone, or exercise alone, on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content. Adults with obesity and NAFLD (n = 80, 81% female, age: 23-65 years) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups for 3 months: combination of ADF (600 kcal/2,500 kJ "fast day" alternated with an ad libitum intake "feast day") and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (5 session per week, 60 min/session); ADF alone; exercise alone; or a no-intervention control group. By month 3, IHTG content was significantly reduced in the combination group (-5.48%; 95% CI, -7.77% to -3.18%), compared with the exercise group (-1.30%; 95% CI, -3.80% to 1.20%; p = 0.02) and the control group (-0.17%; 95% CI, -2.17% to 1.83%; p < 0.01) but was not significantly different versus the ADF group (-2.25%; 95% CI, -4.46% to -0.04%; p = 0.05). Body weight, fat mass, waist circumference, and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels significantly decreased, while insulin sensitivity significantly increased in the combination group compared with the control group. Lean mass, aspartate transaminase (AST), HbA1c, blood pressure, plasma lipids, liver fibrosis score, and hepatokines (fetuin-A, FGF-21, and selenoprotein P) did not differ between groups. Combining intermittent fasting with exercise is effective for reducing hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD but may offer no additional benefit versus fasting alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ezpeleta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kelsey Gabel
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sofia Cienfuegos
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Faiza Kalam
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shuhao Lin
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vasiliki Pavlou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhenyuan Song
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean Koppe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shaina J Alexandria
- Department of Preventative Medicine (Biostatistics), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Krista A Varady
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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11
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Perkins RK, van Vliet S, Miranda ER, Fuller KNZ, Beisswenger PJ, Wilund KR, Paluska SA, Burd NA, Haus JM. Advanced Glycation End Products and Inflammatory Cytokine Profiles in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients After the Ingestion of a Protein-Dense Meal. J Ren Nutr 2023; 33:181-192. [PMID: 34923111 PMCID: PMC10580815 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this investigation was to evaluate circulating and skeletal muscle inflammatory biomarkers between maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and demographic-matched control subjects (CON) before and after ingestion of a protein-rich meal. DESIGN AND METHODS CON (n = 8; 50 ± 2 years; 31 ± 1 kg/m2) and MHD patients (n = 8; 56 ± 5 years; 32 ± 2 kg/m2) underwent a basal blood draw and muscle biopsy and serial blood draws after the ingestion of a mixed meal on a nondialysis day. Plasma advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and markers of oxidation were assessed via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry before and after the meal (+240 min). Circulating inflammatory cytokines and soluble receptors for AGE (sRAGE) isoforms (endogenous secretory RAGEs and cleaved RAGEs) were determined before and after the meal (+240 min). Basal muscle was probed for inflammatory cytokines and protein expression of related signaling components (RAGE, Toll-like receptor 4, oligosaccharyltransferase subunit 48, TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β, total IκBα, and pIκBα). RESULTS Basal circulating AGEs were 7- to 343-fold higher (P < .001) in MHD than those in CON, but only MG-H1 increased in CON after the meal (P < .001). There was a group effect (MHD > CON) for total sRAGEs (P = .02) and endogenous secretory RAGEs (P < .001) and a trend for cleaved RAGEs (P=.09), with no meal effect. In addition, there was a group effect (MHD < CON; P < .05) for circulating fractalkine, interleukin (IL)10, IL17A, and IL1β and a trend (P < .10) for IL6 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha, whereas tumor necrosis factor alpha was higher in MHD (P < .001). In muscle, Toll-like receptor 4 (P = .03), TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (P = .002), and oligosaccharyltransferase subunit 48 (P = .02) expression was lower in MHD than that in CON, whereas IL6 was higher (P = .01) and IL8 (P = .08) tended to be higher in MHD. CONCLUSION Overall, MHD exhibited an exaggerated, circulating, and skeletal muscle inflammatory biomarker environment, and the meal did not appreciably affect the inflammatory status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Perkins
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephan van Vliet
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Edwin R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | - Kenneth R Wilund
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Scott A Paluska
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Nicholas A Burd
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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12
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Barnes JN, Burns JM, Bamman MM, Billinger SA, Bodine SC, Booth FW, Brassard P, Clemons TA, Fadel PJ, Geiger PC, Gujral S, Haus JM, Kanoski SE, Miller BF, Morris JK, O’Connell KM, Poole DC, Sandoval DA, Smith JC, Swerdlow RH, Whitehead SN, Vidoni ED, van Praag H. Proceedings from the Albert Charitable Trust Inaugural Workshop on 'Understanding the Acute Effects of Exercise on the Brain'. Brain Plast 2022; 8:153-168. [PMID: 36721393 PMCID: PMC9837736 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-220146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An inaugural workshop supported by "The Leo and Anne Albert Charitable Trust," was held October 4-7, 2019 in Scottsdale, Arizona, to focus on the effects of exercise on the brain and to discuss how physical activity may prevent or delay the onset of aging-related neurodegenerative conditions. The Scientific Program Committee (led by Dr. Jeff Burns) assembled translational, clinical, and basic scientists who research various aspects of the effects of exercise on the body and brain, with the overall goal of gaining a better understanding as to how to delay or prevent neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, research topics included the links between cardiorespiratory fitness, the cerebrovasculature, energy metabolism, peripheral organs, and cognitive function, which are all highly relevant to understanding the effects of acute and chronic exercise on the brain. The Albert Trust workshop participants addressed these and related topics, as well as how other lifestyle interventions, such as diet, affect age-related cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. This report provides a synopsis of the presentations and discussions by the participants, and a delineation of the next steps towards advancing our understanding of the effects of exercise on the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill N. Barnes
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey M. Burns
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS, USA
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Sue C. Bodine
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Frank W. Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Patrice Brassard
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, and Research center of the Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, Québec city, QC, Canada
| | - Tameka A. Clemons
- Department of Professional and Medical Education, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paul J. Fadel
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
| | - Paige C. Geiger
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Swathi Gujral
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott E. Kanoski
- Human and Evolutionary Biology Section, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsrife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin F. Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Jill K. Morris
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS, USA
| | | | - David C. Poole
- Departments of Kinesiology, Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - J. Carson Smith
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Shawn N. Whitehead
- Vulnerable Brain Laboratory, Department Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Eric D. Vidoni
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Fairway, KS, USA
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Stiles-Nicholson Brain Institute, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter FL, USA
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13
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Schmidt BM, Holmes CM, Najarian K, Gallagher K, Haus JM, Shadiow J, Ye W, Ang L, Burant A, Baker N, Katona A, Martin CL, Pop-Busui R. On diabetic foot ulcer knowledge gaps, innovation, evaluation, prediction markers, and clinical needs. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108317. [PMID: 36215794 PMCID: PMC10087892 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) remain a very prevalent and challenging complication of diabetes worldwide due to high morbidity, high risks of lower extremity amputation and associated mortality. Despite major advances in diabetes treatment in general, there is a paucity of FDA approved technologies and therapies to promote successful healing. Furthermore, accurate biomarkers to identify patients at risk of non-healing and monitor response-to-therapy are significantly lacking. To date, research has been slowed by a lack of coordinated efforts among basic scientists and clinical researchers and confounded by non-standardized heterogenous collection of biospecimen and patient associated data. Novel technologies, especially those in the single and 'multiomics' arena, are being used to advance the study of diabetic foot ulcers but require pragmatic study design to ensure broad adoption following validation. These high throughput analyses offer promise to investigate potential biomarkers across wound trajectories and may support information on wound healing and pathophysiology not previously well understood. Additionally, these biomarkers may be used at the point-of-care. In combination with national scalable research efforts, which seek to address the limitations and better inform clinical practice, coordinated and integrative insights may lead to improved limb salvage rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Schmidt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
| | - Crystal M Holmes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Kayvan Najarian
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Katherine Gallagher
- Department of Surgery, Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Abor, MI 48109, United States of America
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - James Shadiow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Wen Ye
- Biostatistics Department, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Lynn Ang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Aaron Burant
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Nicole Baker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Aimee Katona
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Catherine L Martin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Rodica Pop-Busui
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
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14
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Chow LS, Gerszten RE, Taylor JM, Pedersen BK, van Praag H, Trappe S, Febbraio MA, Galis ZS, Gao Y, Haus JM, Lanza IR, Lavie CJ, Lee CH, Lucia A, Moro C, Pandey A, Robbins JM, Stanford KI, Thackray AE, Villeda S, Watt MJ, Xia A, Zierath JR, Goodpaster BH, Snyder M. Reply to 'Lactate as a major myokine and exerkine'. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:713. [PMID: 35915255 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00726-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Chow
- Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan M Taylor
- Department of Pathology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bente K Pedersen
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism/Centre for PA Research (CIM/CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Stiles-Nicholson Brain institute and Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zorina S Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yunling Gao
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Division of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cedric Moro
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Team MetaDiab, Inserm UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse III University - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy M Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alice E Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Saul Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashley Xia
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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Patterson CG, Joslin E, Gil AB, Spigle W, Nemet T, Chahine L, Christiansen CL, Melanson E, Kohrt WM, Mancini M, Josbeno D, Balfany K, Griffith G, Dunlap MK, Lamotte G, Suttman E, Larson D, Branson C, McKee KE, Goelz L, Poon C, Tilley B, Kang UJ, Tansey MG, Luthra N, Tanner CM, Haus JM, Fantuzzi G, McFarland NR, Gonzalez-Latapi P, Foroud T, Motl R, Schwarzschild MA, Simuni T, Marek K, Naito A, Lungu C, Corcos DM. Study in Parkinson's disease of exercise phase 3 (SPARX3): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:855. [PMID: 36203214 PMCID: PMC9535216 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06703-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, no medication has slowed the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Preclinical, epidemiological, and experimental data on humans all support many benefits of endurance exercise among persons with PD. The key question is whether there is a definitive additional benefit of exercising at high intensity, in terms of slowing disease progression, beyond the well-documented benefit of endurance training on a treadmill for fitness, gait, and functional mobility. This study will determine the efficacy of high-intensity endurance exercise as first-line therapy for persons diagnosed with PD within 3 years, and untreated with symptomatic therapy at baseline. METHODS This is a multicenter, randomized, evaluator-blinded study of endurance exercise training. The exercise intervention will be delivered by treadmill at 2 doses over 18 months: moderate intensity (4 days/week for 30 min per session at 60-65% maximum heart rate) and high intensity (4 days/week for 30 min per session at 80-85% maximum heart rate). We will randomize 370 participants and follow them at multiple time points for 24 months. The primary outcome is the Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor score (Part III) with the primary analysis assessing the change in MDS-UPDRS motor score (Part III) over 12 months, or until initiation of symptomatic antiparkinsonian treatment if before 12 months. Secondary outcomes are striatal dopamine transporter binding, 6-min walk distance, number of daily steps, cognitive function, physical fitness, quality of life, time to initiate dopaminergic medication, circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Tertiary outcomes are walking stride length and turning velocity. DISCUSSION SPARX3 is a Phase 3 clinical trial designed to determine the efficacy of high-intensity, endurance treadmill exercise to slow the progression of PD as measured by the MDS-UPDRS motor score. Establishing whether high-intensity endurance treadmill exercise can slow the progression of PD would mark a significant breakthrough in treating PD. It would have a meaningful impact on the quality of life of people with PD, their caregivers and public health. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04284436 . Registered on February 25, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charity G. Patterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Elizabeth Joslin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Science, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1100, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60305 USA
| | - Alexandra B. Gil
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Wendy Spigle
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Todd Nemet
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Lana Chahine
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
| | - Cory L. Christiansen
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80217 USA
| | - Ed Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
- Eastern Colorado VA Health Care System, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Denver, CO USA
| | - Wendy M. Kohrt
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO USA
- Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VAMC, Aurora, USA
| | - Martina Mancini
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Road, Portland, OR 97219 USA
| | - Deborah Josbeno
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 100 Technology Drive, Suite 500, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA
| | - Katherine Balfany
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80217 USA
| | - Garett Griffith
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Science, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1100, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60305 USA
| | - Mac Kenzie Dunlap
- Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
| | - Guillaume Lamotte
- Movement Disorders Division, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, 175 Medical Dr N, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA
| | - Erin Suttman
- Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, 520 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84115 USA
| | - Danielle Larson
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Suite 115, 710 N Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Chantale Branson
- Morehouse School of Medicine, 720 Westview Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA
| | - Kathleen E. McKee
- Neurosciences Clinical Program, Intermountain Healthcare, 5171 S Cottonwood Street, Suite 810, Murray, UT 84107 USA
| | - Li Goelz
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, UIC College of Applied Health Sciences, 919 W Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Cynthia Poon
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Suite 115, 710 N Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Barbara Tilley
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street E835, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Un Jung Kang
- NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 435 E 30th Street, Science Building 1305, New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Malú Gámez Tansey
- Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, Normal Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 4911 Newell Road, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA
| | - Nijee Luthra
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 1651 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Caroline M. Tanner
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 1651 4th Street, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 830 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, UIC College of Applied Health Sciences, 919 W Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Nikolaus R. McFarland
- Department of Neurology, Norman Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA
| | - Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Suite 115, 710 N Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Tatiana Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 410 W. 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46220 USA
| | - Robert Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, UIC College of Applied Health Sciences, 919 W Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Michael A. Schwarzschild
- Mass General Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Rm 3002, 114 16th Street, Boston, MA 02129 USA
| | - Tanya Simuni
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Suite 115, 710 N Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Kenneth Marek
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, 60 Temple St, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Anna Naito
- Parkinson’s Foundation 200 SE 1st Street Suite 800, Miami, FL 33131 USA
| | - Codrin Lungu
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, 6001 Executive Blvd, #2188, Rockville, MD 20852 USA
| | - Daniel M. Corcos
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Science, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Suite 1100, 645 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL 60305 USA
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Chen Z, Haus JM, Chen L, Jiang Y, Sverdlov M, DiPietro LA, Xiong N, Wu SC, Koh TJ, Minshall RD. Inhibition of CCL28/CCR10-Mediated eNOS Downregulation Improves Skin Wound Healing in the Obesity-Induced Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2022; 71:2166-2180. [PMID: 35899992 PMCID: PMC9501665 DOI: 10.2337/db21-1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic, nonhealing skin wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), are common in patients with type 2 diabetes. Here, we investigated the role of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 28 (CCL28) and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 10 (CCR10) in downregulation of endothelial nitric (NO) oxide synthase (eNOS) in association with delayed skin wound healing in the db/db mouse model of type 2 diabetes. We observed reduced eNOS expression and elevated CCL28/CCR10 levels in dorsal skin of db/db mice and subdermal leg biopsy specimens from human subjects with type 2 diabetes. Further interrogation revealed that overexpression of CCR10 reduced eNOS expression, NO bioavailability, and tube formation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMVECs) in vitro, which was recapitulated in mouse dorsal skin. In addition, incubation of HDMVECs with CCL28 led to internalization of the CCR10/eNOS complex and colocalization with lysosome-associated membrane protein 1. Finally, topical application of myristoylated CCR10 binding domain 7 amino acid (Myr-CBD7) peptide prevented CCR10-eNOS interaction and subsequent eNOS downregulation, enhanced eNOS/NO levels, eNOS/VEGF-R2+ microvessel density, and blood perfusion, reduced inflammatory cytokine levels, and importantly, decreased wound healing time in db/db mice. Thus, endothelial cell CCR10 activation in genetically obese mice with type 2 diabetes promotes eNOS depletion and endothelial dysfunction, and targeted disruption of CCR10/eNOS interaction improves wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Maria Sverdlov
- Research Resources Center, Research Histology and Tissue Imaging Collaborative, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Luisa A. DiPietro
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Na Xiong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Stephanie C. Wu
- Departments of Surgery and Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Lower Extremity Ambulatory Research, Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL
| | - Timothy J. Koh
- Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Richard D. Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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17
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Mazo CE, Miranda ER, Vesia M, Haus JM. Acute Exercise Response Of Neuroprotective, Skeletal Muscle Derived Exerkines. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000879928.00399.3a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Mazo CE, Miranda ER, Shadiow J, Vesia M, Haus JM. High Intensity Acute Aerobic Exercise Elicits Alterations in Circulating and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Expression of Neuroprotective Exerkines. Brain Plast 2022; 8:5-18. [DOI: 10.3233/bpl-220137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cathepsin B (CTSB) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are increased with aerobic exercise (AE) and skeletal muscle has been identified as a potential source of secretion. However, the intensity of AE and the potential for skeletal muscle contributions to circulating CTSB and BDNF have not been fully studied in humans. Objective: Determine the effects of AE intensity on circulating and skeletal muscle CTSB and BDNF expression profiles. Methods: Young healthy subjects (n = 16) completed treadmill-based AE consisting of VO2max and calorie-matched acute AE sessions at 40%, 65% and 80% VO2max. Fasting serum was obtained before and 30-minutes after each bout of exercise. Skeletal muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were taken before, 30-minutes and 3-hours after the 80% bout. Circulating CTSB and BDNF were assayed in serum. CTSB protein, BDNF protein and mRNA expression were measured in skeletal muscle tissue. Results: Serum CTSB increased by 20±7% (p = 0.02) and 30±18% (p = 0.04) after 80% and VO2max AE bouts, respectively. Serum BDNF showed a small non-significant increase (6±3%; p = 0.09) after VO2max. In skeletal muscle tissue, proCTSB increased 3 h-post AE (87±26%; p < 0.01) with no change in CTSB gene expression. Mature BDNF protein decreased (31±35%; p = 0.03) while mRNA expression increased (131±41%; p < 0.01) 3 h-post AE. Skeletal muscle fiber typing revealed that type IIa and IIx fibers display greater BDNF expression compared to type I (p = 0.02 and p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: High intensity AE elicits greater increases in circulating CTSB compared with lower intensities. Skeletal muscle protein and gene expression corroborate the potential role of skeletal muscle in generating and releasing neuroprotective exerkines into the circulation. NEW AND NOTEWORTHY: 1) CTSB is enriched in the circulation in an aerobic exercise intensity dependent manner. 2) Skeletal muscle tissue expresses both message and protein of CTSB and BDNF. 3) BDNF is highly expressed in glycolytic skeletal muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey E. Mazo
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Edwin R. Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James Shadiow
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Vesia
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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19
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Chow LS, Gerszten RE, Taylor JM, Pedersen BK, van Praag H, Trappe S, Febbraio MA, Galis ZS, Gao Y, Haus JM, Lanza IR, Lavie CJ, Lee CH, Lucia A, Moro C, Pandey A, Robbins JM, Stanford KI, Thackray AE, Villeda S, Watt MJ, Xia A, Zierath JR, Goodpaster BH, Snyder MP. Exerkines in health, resilience and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:273-289. [PMID: 35304603 PMCID: PMC9554896 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The health benefits of exercise are well-recognized and are observed across multiple organ systems. These beneficial effects enhance overall resilience, healthspan and longevity. The molecular mechanisms that underlie the beneficial effects of exercise, however, remain poorly understood. Since the discovery in 2000 that muscle contraction releases IL-6, the number of exercise-associated signalling molecules that have been identified has multiplied. Exerkines are defined as signalling moieties released in response to acute and/or chronic exercise, which exert their effects through endocrine, paracrine and/or autocrine pathways. A multitude of organs, cells and tissues release these factors, including skeletal muscle (myokines), the heart (cardiokines), liver (hepatokines), white adipose tissue (adipokines), brown adipose tissue (baptokines) and neurons (neurokines). Exerkines have potential roles in improving cardiovascular, metabolic, immune and neurological health. As such, exerkines have potential for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, and possibly in the facilitation of healthy ageing. This Review summarizes the importance and current state of exerkine research, prevailing challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Chow
- Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joan M Taylor
- Department of Pathology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bente K Pedersen
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism/Centre for PA Research (CIM/CFAS), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Stiles-Nicholson Brain institute and Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zorina S Galis
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yunling Gao
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Division of Endocrinology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-the University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER en Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cedric Moro
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Team MetaDiab, Inserm UMR1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse III University-Paul Sabatier (UPS), Toulouse, France
| | - Ambarish Pandey
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy M Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kristin I Stanford
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alice E Thackray
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Saul Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew J Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ashley Xia
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, & Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section for Integrative Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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20
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Chaves AB, Miranda ER, Mey JT, Blackburn BK, Fuller KNZ, Stearns B, Ludlow A, Williamson DL, Houmard JA, Haus JM. Exercise reduces the protein abundance of TXNIP and its interacting partner REDD1 in skeletal muscle: potential role for a PKA-mediated mechanism. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:357-366. [PMID: 34941434 PMCID: PMC8791844 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00229.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) negatively effects the redox state and growth signaling via its interactions with thioredoxin (TRX) and regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1), respectively. TXNIP expression is downregulated by pathways activated during aerobic exercise (AE), via posttranslational modifications (PTMs; serine phosphorylation and ubiquitination). The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of acute AE on TXNIP expression, posttranslational modifications, and its interacting partners, REDD1 and TRX. Fifteen healthy adults performed 30 min of aerobic exercise (80% V̇o2max) with muscle biopsies taken before, immediately following, and 3 h following the exercise bout. To explore potential mechanisms underlying our in vivo findings, primary human myotubes were exposed to two models of exercise, electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) and palmitate-forskolin-ionomycin (PFI). Immediately following exercise, TXNIP protein decreased, but returned to preexercise levels 3 h after exercise. These results were replicated in our PFI exercise model only. Although not statistically significant, there was a trending main effect in serine-phosphorylation status of TXNIP (P = 0.07) immediately following exercise. REDD1 protein decreased 3 h after exercise. AE had no effect on TRX protein expression, gene expression, or the activity of its reducing enzyme, thioredoxin reductase. Consequently, AE had no effect on the TRX: TXNIP interaction. Our results indicate that AE leads to acute reductions in TXNIP and REDD1 protein expression. However, these changes did not result in alterations in the TRX: TXNIP interaction and could not be entirely explained by alterations in TXNIP PTMs or changes in TRX expression or activity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Aerobic exercise is an effective tool in the prevention and treatment of several chronic metabolic diseases. However, the mechanisms through which these benefits are conferred have yet to be fully elucidated. Our data reveal a novel effect of aerobic exercise on reducing the protein expression of molecular targets that negatively impact redox and insulin/growth signaling in skeletal muscle. These findings contribute to the expanding repository of molecular signatures provoked by aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec B. Chaves
- 1Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Edwin R. Miranda
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jacob T. Mey
- 3Integrated Physiology and Molecular Metabolism, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Brian K. Blackburn
- 4Applied Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California
| | - Kelly N. Z. Fuller
- 5Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Blaise Stearns
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew Ludlow
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David L. Williamson
- 6School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Penn State University Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph A. Houmard
- 1Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- 2School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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21
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Solomon TP, Carter S, Haus JM, Karstoft K, von Holstein-Rathlou S, Nielsen MS, Gillum MP. Plasma FGF21 concentrations are regulated by glucose independently of insulin and GLP-1 in lean, healthy humans. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12755. [PMID: 35111398 PMCID: PMC8783558 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) treatment improves metabolic homeostasis in diverse species, including humans. Physiologically, plasma FGF21 levels increase modestly after glucose ingestion, but it is unclear whether this is mediated by glucose itself or due to a secondary effect of postprandial endocrine responses. A refined understanding of the mechanisms that control FGF21 release in humans may accelerate the development of small-molecule FGF21 secretagogues to treat metabolic disease. This study aimed to determine whether FGF21 secretion is stimulated by elevations in plasma glucose, insulin, or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in humans. METHODS Three groups of ten healthy participants were included in a parallel-group observational study. Group A underwent a hyperglycemic infusion; Group B underwent a 40 mU/m2/min hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp; Group C underwent two pancreatic clamps (to suppress endogenous insulin secretion) with euglycemic and hyperglycemic stages with an infusion of either saline or 0.5 pmol/kg/min GLP-1. Plasma FGF21 concentrations were measured at baseline and during each clamp stage by ELISA. RESULTS Plasma FGF21 was unaltered during hyperglycemic infusion and hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps, compared to baseline. FGF21 was, however, increased by hyperglycemia under pancreatic clamp conditions (P < 0.05), while GLP-1 infusion under pancreatic clamp conditions did not change circulating FGF21 levels. CONCLUSION Increases in plasma FGF21 are likely driven directly by changes in plasma glucose independent of changes in insulin or GLP-1 secretion. Ecologically valid postprandial investigations are now needed to confirm our observations from basic science infusion models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P.J. Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Carter
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark,Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephanie von Holstein-Rathlou
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette S. Nielsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthew P. Gillum
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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22
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Lefferts EC, Hibner BA, Lefferts WK, Lima NS, Baynard T, Haus JM, Lane‐Cordova AD, Phillips SA, Fernhall B. Oral vitamin C restores endothelial function during acute inflammation in young and older adults. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15104. [PMID: 34762777 PMCID: PMC8582295 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been linked to reductions in vascular function during acute inflammation in young adults; however, the effect of acute inflammation on vascular function with aging is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine if oral antioxidant administration eliminates vascular dysfunction during acute inflammation in young and older adults. Brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured in nine young (3 male, 24 ± 4 yrs, 26.2 ± 4.9 kg/m2 ) and 16 older (13 male, 64 ± 5 yrs, 25.8 ± 3.2 kg/m2 ) adults before and 2-h after oral consumption of 2 g of vitamin C. The vitamin C protocol was completed at rest and 24 h after acute inflammation was induced via the typhoid vaccine. Venous blood samples were taken to measure markers of inflammation and vitamin C. Both interleukin-6 (Δ+0.7 ± 1.8 pg/ml) and C-reactive protein (Δ+1.9 ± 3.1 mg/L) were increased at 24 h following the vaccine (p < 0.01). There was no change in FMD or PWV following vitamin C administration at rest (p > 0.05). FMD was lower in all groups during acute inflammation (Δ-1.4 ± 1.9%, p < 0.01), with no changes in PWV (Δ-0.0 ± 0.9 m/s, p > 0.05). Vitamin C restored FMD back to initial values in young and older adults during acute inflammation (Δ+1.0 ± 1.8%, p < 0.01) with no change in inflammatory markers or PWV (p > 0.05). In conclusion, oral vitamin C restored endothelial function during acute inflammation in young and older adults, with no effect on aortic stiffness. The effect of vitamin C on endothelial function did not appear to be due to reductions in inflammatory markers. The exact mechanisms should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Lefferts
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of KinesiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Brooks A. Hibner
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Wesley K. Lefferts
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of KinesiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA
| | - Natalia S. Lima
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Tracy Baynard
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Abbi D. Lane‐Cordova
- Department of Exercise ScienceArnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Shane A. Phillips
- Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Bo Fernhall
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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23
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Dion JR, Holland AM, Haus JM, Rogerson JE, Bowman JL. Birth-Site Selection by White-Tailed Deer in an Area with Low Risk of Predation. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2021. [DOI: 10.1656/045.028.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin R. Dion
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716
| | - Angela M. Holland
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716
| | | | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716
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24
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Solomon TPJ, Thyfault JP, Haus JM, Karstoft K. Editorial: Understanding the Heterogeneity in Exercise-Induced Changes in Glucose Metabolism to Help Optimize Treatment Outcomes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:699354. [PMID: 34122354 PMCID: PMC8191842 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.699354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - John P. Thyfault
- Departments of Molecular & Integrative Physiology and Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R. Dion
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 S College Avenue Newark Delaware 19716 USA
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 S College Avenue Newark Delaware 19716 USA
| | - Joseph E. Rogerson
- Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife 6180 Hay Point Landing Road Smyrna Delaware 19977 USA
| | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 S College Avenue Newark Delaware 19716 USA
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26
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Haus JM, Dion JR, Kalb MM, Ludwig EL, Rogerson JE, Bowman JL. Interannual Variability in Survival Rates for Adult Female White‐Tailed Deer. J Wildl Manage 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Justin R. Dion
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Melissa M. Kalb
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Eric L. Ludwig
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Joseph E. Rogerson
- Division of Fish and WildlifeDelaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control 6180 Hay Point Landing Road Smyrna DE 19977 USA
| | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
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Haus JM, Webb SL, Strickland BK, McCarthy KP, Rogerson JE, Bowman JL. Individual heterogeneity in resource selection has implications for mortality risk in white‐tailed deer. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark Delaware 19716 USA
| | - Stephen L. Webb
- Noble Research Institute, LLC 2510 Sam Noble Parkway Ardmore Oklahoma 73401 USA
| | - Bronson K. Strickland
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Box 9690 Mississippi State Mississippi 39762 USA
| | - Kyle P. McCarthy
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark Delaware 19716 USA
| | - Joseph E. Rogerson
- Delaware Division of Fish and Wildlife 6180 Hay Point Landing Road Smyrna Delaware 19977 USA
| | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531 South College Avenue Newark Delaware 19716 USA
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Chen Z, Haus JM, Chen L, Wu SC, Urao N, Koh TJ, Minshall RD. CCL28-induced CCR10/eNOS interaction in angiogenesis and skin wound healing. FASEB J 2020; 34:5838-5850. [PMID: 32124475 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902060r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in vascular homeostasis, development, and angiogenesis. Little is known regarding the molecular signaling mechanisms activated by CCL28 chemokine via its primary receptor CCR10 in endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we test the hypothesis that CCL28/CCR10 signaling plays an important role in regulating skin wound angiogenesis through endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-dependent Src, PI3K, and MAPK signaling. We observed nitric oxide (NO) production in human primary ECs stimulated with exogenous CCL28, which also induced direct binding of CCR10 and eNOS resulting in inhibition of eNOS activity. Knockdown of CCR10 with siRNA lead to reduced eNOS expression and tube formation suggesting the involvement of CCR10 in EC angiogenesis. Based on this interaction, we engineered a myristoylated 7 amino acid CCR10-binding domain (Myr-CBD7) peptide and showed that this can block eNOS interaction with CCR10, but not with calmodulin, resulting in upregulation of eNOS activity. Importantly, topical administration of Myr-CBD7 peptide on mouse dermal wounds not only blocked CCR10-eNOS interaction, but also enhanced expression of eNOS, CD31, and IL-4 with reduction of CCL28 and IL-6 levels associated with improved wound healing. These results point to a potential therapeutic strategy to upregulate NO bioavailability, enhance angiogenesis, and improve wound healing by disrupting CCL28-activated CCR10-eNOS interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie C Wu
- Center for Lower Extremity Ambulatory Research (CLEAR), Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Norifumi Urao
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Timothy J Koh
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Hari A, Fealy CE, Axelrod CL, Haus JM, Flask CA, McCullough AJ, Kirwan JP. Exercise Training Rapidly Increases Hepatic Insulin Extraction in NAFLD. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:1449-1455. [PMID: 32028458 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to determine the immediacy of exercise intervention on liver-specific metabolic processes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS We undertook a short-term (7-d) exercise training study (60 min·d treadmill walking at 80%-85% of maximal heart rate) in obese adults (N = 13, 58 ± 3 yr, 34.3 ± 1.1 kg·m, >5% hepatic lipid by H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy). Insulin sensitivity index was estimated by oral glucose tolerance test using the Soonthorpun model. Hepatic insulin extraction (HIE) was calculated as the molar difference in area under the curve (AUC) for insulin and C-peptide (HIE = 1 - (AUCInsulin/AUCC-Pep)). RESULTS The increases in HIE, V˙O2max, and insulin sensitivity index after the intervention were 9.8%, 9.8%, and 34%, respectively (all, P < 0.05). Basal fat oxidation increased (pre: 47 ± 6 mg·min vs post: 65 ± 6 mg·min, P < 0.05) and carbohydrate oxidation decreased (pre: 160 ± 20 mg·min vs post: 112 ± 15 mg·min, P < 0.05) with exercise training. After the intervention, HIE correlated positively with adiponectin (r = 0.56, P < 0.05) and negatively with TNF-α (r = -0.78, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS By increasing HIE along with peripheral insulin sensitivity, aerobic exercise training rapidly reverses some of the underlying physiological mechanisms associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in a weight loss-independent manner. This reversal could potentially act through adipokine-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ciaràn E Fealy
- Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The NETHERLANDS
| | - Christopher L Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- Human Bioenergetics Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Arthur J McCullough
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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30
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Haus JM, Hill BG. Editorial: Mechanisms by Which Acute and Chronic Exercise Promote Cardiometabolic Health. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:159. [PMID: 31781575 PMCID: PMC6851014 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Bradford G Hill
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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Erickson ML, Haus JM, Malin SK, Flask CA, McCullough AJ, Kirwan JP. Non-invasive assessment of hepatic lipid subspecies matched with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease phenotype. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:1197-1204. [PMID: 31371265 PMCID: PMC7879392 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive hepatic fat accumulation. Increased hepatic saturated fats and decreased hepatic polyunsaturated fats may be particularly lipotoxic, contributing to metabolic dysfunction. We compared hepatic lipid subspecies in adults with and without NAFLD, and examined links with hallmark metabolic and clinical characteristics of NAFLD. METHODS AND RESULTS Nineteen adults with NAFLD (total hepatic fat:18.8 ± 0.1%) were compared to sixteen adults without NAFLD (total hepatic fat: 2.1 ± 0.01%). 1H-MRS was used to assess hepatic lipid subspecies. Methyl, allylic, methylene, and diallylic proton peaks were measured. Saturation, unsaturation, and polyunsaturation indices were calculated. Whole-body phenotyping in a subset of participants included insulin sensitivity (40 mU/m2 hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps), CT-measured abdominal adipose tissue depots, exercise capacity, and serum lipid profiles. Participants with NAFLD exhibited more saturated and less unsaturated hepatic fat, accompanied by increased insulin resistance, total and visceral adiposity, triglycerides, and reduced exercise capacity compared to controls (all P < 0.05). All proton lipid peaks were related to insulin resistance and hypertriglyceridemia (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Participants with NAFLD preferentially stored excess hepatic lipids as saturated fat, at the expense of unsaturated fat, compared to controls. This hepatic lipid profile was accompanied by an unhealthy metabolic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Erickson
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 1402 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Virginia, 405 Emmet St, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Chris A Flask
- Radiology and Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Arthur J McCullough
- Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - John P Kirwan
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
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32
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Bonds JA, Shetti A, Bheri A, Chen Z, Disouky A, Tai L, Mao M, Head BP, Bonini MG, Haus JM, Minshall RD, Lazarov O. Depletion of Caveolin-1 in Type 2 Diabetes Model Induces Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Precursors. J Neurosci 2019; 39:8576-8583. [PMID: 31527120 PMCID: PMC6807274 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0730-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanism underlying the development of late-onset AD is largely unknown. Here we show that levels of the endothelial-enriched protein caveolin-1 (Cav-1) are reduced in the brains of T2DM patients compared with healthy aging, and inversely correlated with levels of β-amyloid (Aβ). Depletion of Cav-1 is recapitulated in the brains of db/db (Leprdb ) diabetic mice and corresponds with recognition memory deficits as well as the upregulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), BACE-1, a trending increase in β-amyloid Aβ42/40 ratio and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) species. Importantly, we show that restoration of Cav-1 levels in the brains of male db/db mice using adenovirus overexpressing Cav-1 (AAV-Cav-1) rescues learning and memory deficits and reduces pathology (i.e., APP, BACE-1 and p-tau levels). Knocking down Cav-1 using shRNA in HEK cells expressing the familial AD-linked APPswe mutant variant upregulates APP, APP carboxyl terminal fragments, and Aβ levels. In turn, rescue of Cav-1 levels restores APP metabolism. Together, these results suggest that Cav-1 regulates APP metabolism, and that depletion of Cav-1 in T2DM promotes the amyloidogenic processing of APP and hyperphosphorylation of tau. This may suggest that depletion of Cav-1 in T2DM underlies, at least in part, the development of AD and imply that restoration of Cav-1 may be a therapeutic target for diabetic-associated sporadic AD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT More than 95% of the Alzheimer's patients have the sporadic late-onset form (LOAD). The cause for late-onset Alzheimer's disease is unknown. Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus have considerably higher incidence of cognitive decline and AD compared with the general population, suggesting a common mechanism. Here we show that the expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is reduced in the brain in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. In turn, reduced Cav-1 levels induce AD-associated neuropathology and learning and memory deficits. Restoration of Cav-1 levels rescues these deficits. This study unravels signals underlying LOAD and suggests that restoration of Cav-1 may be an effective therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Leon Tai
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology
| | | | - Brian P Head
- Veteran Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92103
| | - Marcelo G Bonini
- Departments of Medicine and Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Anesthesiology,
- Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
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Haus JM, Eyler TB, Bowman JL. A Spatially and Temporally Concurrent Comparison of Popular Abundance Estimators for White-tailed Deer. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2019. [DOI: 10.1656/045.026.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, 531 South College Avenue, Newark, DE 19716
| | - T. Brian Eyler
- Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 14038 Blairs Valley Road, Clear Spring, MD 21722
| | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, 531 South College Avenue, Newark, DE 19716
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531S College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
| | - Stephen L. Webb
- Noble Research Institute, LLC 2510 Sam Noble Parkway Ardmore OK 73401 USA
| | - Bronson K. Strickland
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Box 9690 Starkville MS 39762 USA
| | - Joseph E. Rogerson
- Deleware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control Division of Fish and Wildlife 6180 Hay Point Landing Road Smyrna DE 19977 USA
| | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of Delaware 531S College Avenue Newark DE 19716 USA
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35
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Perkins RK, Miranda ER, Karstoft K, Beisswenger PJ, Solomon TPJ, Haus JM. Experimental Hyperglycemia Alters Circulating Concentrations and Renal Clearance of Oxidative and Advanced Glycation End Products in Healthy Obese Humans. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030532. [PMID: 30823632 PMCID: PMC6471142 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of experimental hyperglycemia on oxidative damage (OX), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) through an in vivo approach. Obese subjects (n = 10; 31.2 ± 1.2 kg·m−2; 56 ± 3 years) underwent 24 h of hyperglycemic clamp (+5.4 mM above basal), where plasma at basal and after 2 h and 24 h of hyperglycemic challenge were assayed for OX (methionine sulfoxide, MetSO, and aminoadipic acid, AAA) and AGE-free adducts (Ne-carboxymethyllysine, CML; Ne-carboxyethyllysine, CEL; glyoxal hydroimidazolone-1, GH-1; methylglyoxal hydroimidazolone-1, MG-H1; and 3-deoxyglucosone hydroimidazolone, 3DG-H) via liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Urine was also analyzed at basal and after 24 h for OX and AGE-free adducts and plasma soluble RAGE (sRAGE) isoforms (endogenous secretory RAGE, esRAGE, and cleaved RAGE, cRAGE), and inflammatory markers were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Skeletal muscle tissue collected via biopsy was probed at basal, 2 h, and 24 h for RAGE and OST48 protein expression. Plasma MetSO, AAA, CEL, MG-H1, and G-H1 decreased (−18% to −47%; p < 0.05), while CML increased (72% at 24 h; p < 0.05) and 3DG-H remained unchanged (p > 0.05) with the hyperglycemic challenge. Renal clearance of MetSO, AAA, and G-H1 increased (599% to 1077%; p < 0.05), CML decreased (−30%; p < 0.05), and 3DG-H, CEL, and MG-H1 remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Fractional excretion of MetSO, AAA, CEL, G-H1, and MG-H1 increased (5.8% to 532%; p < 0.05) and CML and 3DG-H remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Muscle RAGE and OST48 expression, plasma sRAGE, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, and TNFα remained unchanged (p > 0.05), while IL-6 increased (159% vs. basal; p > 0.05). These findings suggest that individuals who are obese but otherwise healthy have the capacity to prevent accumulation of OX and AGEs during metabolic stress by increasing fractional excretion and renal clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan K Perkins
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Edwin R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Paul J Beisswenger
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, PreventAGE Healthcare, 16 Cavendish Court, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA.
| | - Thomas P J Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Mey JT, Solomon TPJ, Kirwan JP, Haus JM. Skeletal muscle Nur77 and NOR1 insulin responsiveness is blunted in obesity and type 2 diabetes but improved after exercise training. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14042. [PMID: 30912283 PMCID: PMC6434071 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are characterized by a blunted metabolic response to insulin, and strongly manifests in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. The orphan nuclear receptors, Nur77 and NOR1, regulate insulin-stimulated nutrient metabolism where Nur77 and NOR1 gene expression is increased with acute aerobic exercise and acute insulin stimulation. Whether Nur77 or NOR1 are associated with the insulin-sensitizing effects of chronic aerobic exercise training has yet to be elucidated. Fourteen lean healthy controls (LHC), 12 obese (OB), and 10 T2DM individuals (T2DM) underwent hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with skeletal muscle biopsies. Muscle was analyzed for Nur77 and NOR1 gene and protein expression at basal and insulin-stimulated conditions. Furthermore, a subcohort of 18 participants (OB, n = 12; T2DM, n = 6) underwent a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention (85% HRmax , 60 min/day, 5 days/week). In response to insulin infusion, LHC increased protein expression of Nur77 (8.7 ± 3.2-fold) and NOR1 (3.6 ± 1.1-fold), whereas OB and T2DM remained unaffected. Clamp-derived glucose disposal rates correlated with Nur77 (r2 = 0.14) and NOR1 (r2 = 0.12) protein expression responses to insulin, whereas age (Nur77: r2 = 0.22; NOR1: r2 = 0.25) and BMI (Nur77: r2 = 0.22; NOR1: r2 = 0.42) showed inverse correlations, corroborating preclinical data. In the intervention cohort, exercise improved Nur77 protein expression in response to insulin (PRE: -1.2 ± 0.3%, POST: 6.2 ± 1.5%). Also, insulin treatment of primary human skeletal muscle cells increased Nur77 and NOR1 protein. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of insulin resistance in human obesity and T2DM. Understanding the regulation of Nur77 and NOR1 in skeletal muscle and other insulin-sensitive tissues will create opportunities to advance therapies for T2DM.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Case-Control Studies
- Cells, Cultured
- Chicago
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Exercise Therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Longitudinal Studies
- Male
- Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Transport Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/metabolism
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/metabolism
- Obesity/blood
- Obesity/diagnosis
- Obesity/physiopathology
- Obesity/therapy
- Ohio
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T. Mey
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Thomas P. J. Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUnited Kingdom
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Metabolic Translational Research CenterEndocrinology & Metabolism InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOhio
- Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine LaboratoryPennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLouisiana
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
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Miranda ER, Fuller KNZ, Perkins RK, Beisswenger PJ, Farabi SS, Quinn L, Haus JM. Divergent Changes in Plasma AGEs and sRAGE Isoforms Following an Overnight Fast in T1DM. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020386. [PMID: 30781793 PMCID: PMC6413006 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) promote the development of diabetic complications through activation of their receptor (RAGE). Isoforms of soluble RAGE (sRAGE) sequester AGEs and protect against RAGE-mediated diabetic complications. We investigated the effect of an overnight fast on circulating metabolic substrates, hormones, AGEs, and sRAGE isoforms in 26 individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Blood was collected from 26 young (18–30 years) T1DM patients on insulin pumps before and after an overnight fast. Circulating AGEs were measured via LC-MS/MS and sRAGE isoforms were analyzed via ELISA. Glucose, insulin, glucagon, and eGFRcystatin-c decreased while cortisol increased following the overnight fast (p < 0.05). AGEs (CML, CEL, 3DG-H, MG-H1, and G-H1) decreased (21–58%, p < 0.0001) while total sRAGE, cleaved RAGE (cRAGE), and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) increased (22–24%, p < 0.0001) following the overnight fast. The changes in sRAGE isoforms were inversely related to MG-H1 (rho = −0.493 to −0.589, p < 0.05) and the change in esRAGE was inversely related to the change in G-H1 (rho = −0.474, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analyses revealed a 1 pg/mL increase in total sRAGE, cRAGE, or esRAGE independently predicted a 0.42–0.52 nmol/L decrease in MG-H1. Short-term energy restriction via an overnight fast resulted in increased sRAGE isoforms and may be protective against AGE accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Kelly N Z Fuller
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd. Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Ryan K Perkins
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Paul J Beisswenger
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Rope Ferry Rd., Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| | - Sarah S Farabi
- Endocrine, Metabolism, & Diabetes, Division of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E 17th Pl., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Lauretta Quinn
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 Damen Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Hari A, Fealy C, Solomon TPJ, Haus JM, Kelly KR, Barkoukis H, Kirwan JP. Exercise-induced improvements in glucose effectiveness are blunted by a high glycemic diet in adults with prediabetes. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:211-217. [PMID: 30612202 PMCID: PMC6530476 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Glucose effectiveness (GE) refers to the ability of glucose to influence its own metabolism through insulin-independent mechanisms. Diminished GE is a predictor of progression to type 2 diabetes. Exercise training improves GE, however, little is known about how dietary interventions, such as manipulating the glycemic index of diets, interact with exercise-induced improvements in GE in at-risk populations. METHODS We enrolled 33 adults with obesity and pre-diabetes (17 males, 65.7 ± 4.3 years, 34.9 ± 4.2 kg m-2) into a 12-week exercise training program (1 h day-1 and 5 day week-1 at ~ 85% of maximum heart rate) while being randomized to concurrently receive either a low (EX-LOG: 40 ± 0.3 au) or high (EX-HIG: 80 ± 0.6 au) glycemic index diet. A 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) was performed before and after the intervention and GE was calculated using the Nagasaka equation. Insulin resistance was estimated using a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and cardiorespiratory fitness using a VO2max test. RESULTS Both EX-LOG and EX-HIG groups had similar improvements in weight (8.6 ± 5.1 kg, P < 0.001), VO2max (6 ± 3.5 mL kg-1 min-1, P < 0.001) and clamp-measured peripheral insulin resistance (1.7 ± 0.9 mg kg-1 min-1, P < 0.001), relative to baseline data. GE in EX-LOG and EX-HIG was similar at baseline (1.9 ± 0.38 vs. 1.85 ± 0.3 mg dL-1 min-1, respectively; P > 0.05) and increased by ~ 20% post-intervention in the EX-LOG arm (∆GE: 0.07-0.57 mg dL-1 min-1, P < 0.05). Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations also decreased only in the EX-LOG arm (∆FFA: 0.13 ± 0.23 mmol L-1, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a high glycemic index diet may suppress exercise-induced enhancement of GE, and this may be mediated through plasma FFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adithya Hari
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ciaràn Fealy
- Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Karen R Kelly
- Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, 140 Sylvester Road, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - John P Kirwan
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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Abstract
Obesity and overnutrition increase levels of reactive sugar- and lipid-derived aldehydes called reactive carbonyl species (RCS). Increased tissue and circulating RCS levels have been tied to insulin resistance and inflammation, but previous pharmacological approaches to target RCS have had equivocal outcomes. In this issue of the JCI, Anderson et al. present evidence for the development and implementation of carnisonol, a compound that is biologically stable in vivo and shows impressive effects on improving metabolism and inflammation in rodent models of diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - John P. Thyfault
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Miranda ER, Fuller KNZ, Perkins RK, Kroeger CM, Trepanowski JF, Varady KA, Haus JM. Endogenous secretory RAGE increases with improvements in body composition and is associated with markers of adipocyte health. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:1155-1165. [PMID: 30297199 PMCID: PMC6231965 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is implicated in obesogenesis. Conversely, soluble RAGE (sRAGE) competitively inhibits RAGE. Our aim was to determine the effects of weight-loss via alternate day fasting (ADF) on sRAGE isoforms and evaluate potential relationships with body composition. METHODS AND RESULTS 42 obese participants were randomized to control (CON) or ADF. For 24 weeks, the ADF group consumed 25% or 125% of their caloric requirements on alternating days while the CON group did not change their diet. Body fat was measured via DXA, visceral fat (VAT) via MRI and subcutaneous fat (SAT) was derived by subtracting VAT from total fat. sRAGE isoforms were measured via ELISAs. After 24 weeks, ADF -6.8 (-9.5, -3.5)kg (Median, IQR) lost more weight than CON -0.3 (-1.9, 1.0)kg (p < 0.05). The change in endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) was different between ADF 15 (-30, 78)pg/mL and CON -21 (-72, 16)pg/mL after 24 weeks (p < 0.05). To examine the effect of changes in body composition, the cohort was stratified by median weight-, fat-, SAT-, and VAT-loss. The changes in all sRAGE isoforms were different between those above and below median weight-loss (p < 0.05) with sRAGE isoforms tending to decrease in individuals below the median. Changes in total sRAGE and esRAGE were different between individuals above compared to below median fat- and SAT-loss (p < 0.05). Those above median fat-loss increased esRAGE by 29 (-5, 66)pg/mL (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Improvements in body composition are related to increased sRAGE isoforms, implicating sRAGE as a potential target for the treatment of obesity. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00960505.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Miranda
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - K N Z Fuller
- Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - R K Perkins
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - C M Kroeger
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - J F Trepanowski
- Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - K A Varady
- Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - J M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
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Mey JT, Haus JM. Dicarbonyl Stress and Glyoxalase-1 in Skeletal Muscle: Implications for Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:117. [PMID: 30250846 PMCID: PMC6139330 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyoxalase-1 (GLO1) is a ubiquitously expressed cytosolic protein which plays a role in the natural maintenance of cellular health and is abundantly expressed in human skeletal muscle. A consequence of reduced GLO1 protein expression is cellular dicarbonyl stress, which is elevated in obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Both in vitro and pre-clinical models suggest dicarbonyl stress per se induces insulin resistance and is prevented by GLO1 overexpression, implicating a potential role for GLO1 therapy in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Recent work has identified the therapeutic potential of novel natural agents as a GLO1 inducer, which resulted in improved whole-body metabolism in obese adults. Given skeletal muscle is a major contributor to whole-body glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism, such GLO1 inducers may act, in part, through mechanisms in skeletal muscle. Currently, investigations examining the specificity of dicarbonyl stress and GLO1 biology in human skeletal muscle are lacking. Recent work from our lab indicates that dysregulation of GLO1 in skeletal muscle may underlie human insulin resistance and that exercise training may impart therapeutic benefits. This minireview will summarize the existing human literature examining skeletal muscle GLO1 and highlight the emerging therapeutic concepts for GLO1 gain-of-function in conditions such as insulin resistance and cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Mey
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jacob M Haus
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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42
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Fuller KN, Valentine RJ, Miranda ER, Kumar P, Prabhakar BS, Haus JM. A single high-fat meal alters human soluble RAGE profiles and PBMC RAGE expression with no effect of prior aerobic exercise. Physiol Rep 2018; 6:e13811. [PMID: 30047241 PMCID: PMC6060105 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-fat diet can induce inflammation and metabolic diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis. The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) plays a critical role in metabolic disease pathophysiology and the soluble form of the receptor (sRAGE) can mitigate these effects. However, little is known about RAGE in the postprandial condition and the effect of exercise in this context. Thus, we aimed to determine the effects of a single high-fat meal (HFM) with and without prior exercise on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) RAGE biology. Healthy males (n = 12) consumed a HFM on two occasions, one without prior exercise and one 16-18 hours following acute aerobic exercise. Total soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) were determined via ELISA and cleaved RAGE (cRAGE) was calculated as the difference between the two. Isolated PBMCs were analyzed for RAGE, ADAM10, TLR4, and MyD88 protein expression and ADAM10 activity. The HFM significantly (P < 0.01) attenuated sRAGE, esRAGE, and cRAGE by 9.7%, 6.9%, and 10.5%, respectively. Whereas, the HFM increased PBMC RAGE protein expression by 10.3% (P < 0.01), there was no meal effect on PBMC TLR4, MYD88, or ADAM10 protein expression, nor ADAM10 activity. There was also no exercise effect on any experimental outcomes. These findings suggest that PBMC RAGE and soluble RAGE may be important in the postprandial response to a HFM, and that prior aerobic exercise does not alter these processes in young healthy adult males. The mechanisms by which a HFM induces RAGE expression and reduces circulating soluble RAGE isoforms requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly N.Z. Fuller
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | | | - Edwin R. Miranda
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Prabhakaran Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Bellur S. Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Kinesiology and NutritionUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
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43
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Malin SK, Kullman EL, Scelsi AR, Haus JM, Filion J, Pagadala MR, Godin JP, Kochhar S, Ross AB, Kirwan JP. A whole-grain diet reduces peripheral insulin resistance and improves glucose kinetics in obese adults: A randomized-controlled trial. Metabolism 2018; 82:111-117. [PMID: 29305946 PMCID: PMC5930046 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole-grain intake is associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes but the mechanisms are unclear. PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that a WG diet reduces insulin resistance and improves glucose use in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes compared with an isocaloric-matched refined-grain diet. METHODS A double-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover trial of 14 moderately obese adults (Age, 38 ± 2 y; BMI, 34.0 ± 1.1 kg/m2). Insulin resistance and glucose metabolism was assessed using an oral glucose tolerance test combined with isotopic tracers of [6,6-2H2]-glucose and [U-13C]-glucose, and indirect calorimetry. Peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance was assessed as 1/(rate of disposal/insulin), and endogenous glucose rates of appearance (Ra) iAUC60-240 × insulin iAUC60-240, respectively. Both diets met ADA nutritional guidelines and contained either whole-grain (50 g per 1000 kcal) or equivalent refined-grain. All food was provided for 8 wk. with an 8-10 wk. washout period between diets. RESULTS Post-prandial glucose tolerance, peripheral insulin sensitivity, and metabolic flexibility (insulin-stimulated - fasting carbohydrate oxidation) improvements were greater after whole-grain compared to the refined-grain diet (P < 0.05). Compared to baseline, body fat (~2 kg) and hepatic Ra insulin resistance was reduced by both diets, while fasting glucose and exogenous glucose-meal were unchanged after both interventions. Changes in peripheral insulin resistance and metabolic flexibility correlated with improved glucose tolerance (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Whole-grains reduced diabetes risk and the mechanisms appear to work through reduced post-prandial blood glucose and peripheral insulin resistance that were statistically linked to enhanced metabolic flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Malin
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Emily L Kullman
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Amanda R Scelsi
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jacob M Haus
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Julianne Filion
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Mangesh R Pagadala
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Jean-Philippe Godin
- Analytical Sciences Department, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sunil Kochhar
- Analytical Sciences Department, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alastair B Ross
- Analytical Sciences Department, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - John P Kirwan
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States; Metabolic Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
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Chen Z, D S Oliveira S, Zimnicka AM, Jiang Y, Sharma T, Chen S, Lazarov O, Bonini MG, Haus JM, Minshall RD. Reciprocal regulation of eNOS and caveolin-1 functions in endothelial cells. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:1190-1202. [PMID: 29563255 PMCID: PMC5935069 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-01-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that the maintenance of vascular homeostasis is critically dependent on the expression and reciprocal regulation of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells (ECs). Skeletal muscle biopsies from subjects with type 2 diabetes showed 50% less Cav-1 and eNOS than those from lean healthy controls. The Cav-1:eNOS expression ratio was 200:1 in primary culture human ECs. Cav-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced eNOS protein and gene expression in association with a twofold increase in eNOS phosphorylation and nitrate production per molecule of eNOS, which was reversed in cells overexpressing Adv-Cav-1-GFP. Upon addition of the Ca2+ ionophore A23187 to activate eNOS, we observed eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation, its translocation to β-catenin-positive cell–cell junctions, and increased colocalization of eNOS and Cav-1 within 5 min. We also observed Cav-1 S-nitrosylation and destabilization of Cav-1 oligomers in cells treated with A23187 as well as insulin or albumin, and this could be blocked by L-NAME, PP2, or eNOS siRNA. Finally, caveola-mediated endocytosis of albumin or insulin was reduced by Cav-1 or eNOS siRNA, and the effect of Cav-1 siRNA was rescued by Adv-Cav-1-GFP. Thus, Cav-1 stabilizes eNOS expression and regulates its activity, whereas eNOS-derived NO promotes caveola-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Chen
- Departments of aAnesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Suellen D S Oliveira
- Departments of aAnesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | | | - Ying Jiang
- Departments of aAnesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Tiffany Sharma
- Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Stone Chen
- Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, Chicago, IL 60607
| | - Orly Lazarov
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | | | - Jacob M Haus
- Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Departments of aAnesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612.,Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
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Das EK, Lai PY, Robinson AT, Pleuss J, Ali MM, Haus JM, Gutterman DD, Phillips SA. Regular Aerobic, Resistance, and Cross-Training Exercise Prevents Reduced Vascular Function Following a High Sugar or High Fat Mixed Meal in Young Healthy Adults. Front Physiol 2018; 9:183. [PMID: 29568273 PMCID: PMC5853082 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The postprandial state can negatively influence flow mediated dilation (FMD), a predictor of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. This investigation was designed to determine the effect of regular aerobic and/or resistance exercise on postprandial FMD after a high sugar or high fat mixed meal. Forty-five healthy participants were recruited from one of four groups: lean sedentary (SED), runners, weight lifters, and cross-trainers. Participants were randomly crossed over to a high sugar meal (HSM) and a high fat mixed meal (HFMM; both fat and carbohydrate). Pre-and postprandial endothelial function was assessed for both meals using brachial artery FMD. Plasma lipids, insulin, glucose, hs-CRP, and SOD were also measured with both meals. Endothelium-independent dilation was determined via sublingual nitroglycerin. Brachial artery FMD was reduced in SED following the HSM (9.9 ± 0.9% at baseline, peak reduction at 60 min 6.5 ± 1.0%) and the HFMM (9.4 ± 0.9% at baseline, peak reduction at 120 min 5.9 ± 1.2%; P < 0.05 for both, Mean ± SEM). There was no change in FMD after either HSM or HFMM in runners, weight lifters, and cross-trainers. Post-prandial increases in blood glucose, insulin and triglycerides were less pronounced in the exercisers compared to SED. In addition, exercisers presented lower baseline plasma hs-CRP and higher SOD activity. Nitroglycerin responses were similar among groups. These results suggest that endothelial function is reduced in sedentary adults after a HSM or HFMM, but not in regular aerobic or resistance exercisers. This response may be due to favorable postprandial metabolic responses or lower postprandial levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings may help to explain the cardioprotective effect of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emon K Das
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center and Clinical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Pui Y Lai
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center and Clinical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Austin T Robinson
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Joan Pleuss
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center and Clinical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Mohamed M Ali
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jacob M Haus
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - David D Gutterman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center and Clinical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Center and Clinical Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
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46
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Miranda ER, Somal VS, Mey JT, Blackburn BK, Wang E, Farabi S, Karstoft K, Fealy CE, Kashyap S, Kirwan JP, Quinn L, Solomon TPJ, Haus JM. Circulating soluble RAGE isoforms are attenuated in obese, impaired-glucose-tolerant individuals and are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E631-E640. [PMID: 28811295 PMCID: PMC5814601 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00146.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) may be protective against inflammation associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of sRAGE isoforms and whether sRAGE isoforms are associated with risk of T2DM development in subjects spanning the glucose tolerance continuum. In this retrospective analysis, circulating total sRAGE and endogenous secretory RAGE (esRAGE) were quantified via ELISA, and cleaved RAGE (cRAGE) was calculated in 274 individuals stratified by glucose tolerance status (GTS) and obesity. Group differences were probed by ANOVA, and multivariate ordinal logistic regression was used to test the association between sRAGE isoform concentrations and the proportional odds of developing diabetes, vs. normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). When stratified by GTS, total sRAGE, cRAGE, and esRAGE were all lower with IGT and T2DM, while the ratio of cRAGE to esRAGE (cRAGE:esRAGE) was only lower (P < 0.01) with T2DM compared with NGT. When stratified by GTS and obesity, cRAGE:esRAGE was higher with obesity and lower with IGT (P < 0.0001) compared with lean, NGT. In ordinal logistic regression models, greater total sRAGE (odds ratio, 0.91; P < 0.01) and cRAGE (odds ratio, 0.84; P < 0.01) were associated with lower proportional odds of developing T2DM. Reduced values of sRAGE isoforms observed with both obesity and IGT are independently associated with greater proportional odds of developing T2DM. The mechanisms by which each respective isoform contributes to obesity and insulin resistance may reveal novel treatment strategies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin R Miranda
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vikram S Somal
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jacob T Mey
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian K Blackburn
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Edward Wang
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sarah Farabi
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ciaran E Fealy
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sangeeta Kashyap
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - John P Kirwan
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Institute, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; and
| | - Laurie Quinn
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Thomas P J Solomon
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences and Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob M Haus
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois;
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Mey JT, Blackburn BK, Miranda ER, Chaves AB, Briller J, Bonini MG, Haus JM. Dicarbonyl stress and glyoxalase enzyme system regulation in human skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R181-R190. [PMID: 29046313 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00159.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a hallmark of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and may be exacerbated by protein modifications by methylglyoxal (MG), known as dicarbonyl stress. The glyoxalase enzyme system composed of glyoxalase 1/2 (GLO1/GLO2) is the natural defense against dicarbonyl stress, yet its protein expression, activity, and regulation remain largely unexplored in skeletal muscle. Therefore, this study investigated dicarbonyl stress and the glyoxalase enzyme system in the skeletal muscle of subjects with T2DM (age: 56 ± 5 yr.; BMI: 32 ± 2 kg/m2) compared with lean healthy control subjects (LHC; age: 27 ± 1 yr.; BMI: 22 ± 1 kg/m2). Skeletal muscle biopsies obtained from the vastus lateralis at basal and insulin-stimulated states of the hyperinsulinemic (40 mU·m-2·min-1)-euglycemic (5 mM) clamp were analyzed for proteins related to dicarbonyl stress and glyoxalase biology. At baseline, T2DM had increased carbonyl stress and lower GLO1 protein expression (-78.8%), which inversely correlated with BMI, percent body fat, and HOMA-IR, while positively correlating with clamp-derived glucose disposal rates. T2DM also had lower NRF2 protein expression (-31.6%), which is a positive regulator of GLO1, while Keap1 protein expression, a negative regulator of GLO1, was elevated (207%). Additionally, insulin stimulation during the clamp had a differential effect on NRF2, Keap1, and MG-modified protein expression. These data suggest that dicarbonyl stress and the glyoxalase enzyme system are dysregulated in T2DM skeletal muscle and may underlie skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Whether these phenotypic differences contribute to the development of T2DM warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Mey
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brian K Blackburn
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
| | - Edwin R Miranda
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alec B Chaves
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joan Briller
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
| | - Marcelo G Bonini
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jacob M Haus
- Integrative Physiology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois
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48
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Fuller KNZ, Griffith G, Klaren RE, Haus JM, Baynard T, Motl RW, Fernhall B. Effect of Exercise Training on Cellular Inflammation and Fitness in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000518664.06307.ff] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware531 S College AvenueNewarkDE19716USA
| | - T. Brian Eyler
- Maryland Department of Natural Resources14038 Blairs Valley RoadClear SpringMD21722USA
| | - Mark D. Duda
- Responsive Management130 Franklin StreetHarrisonburgVA22801USA
| | - Jacob L. Bowman
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Delaware531 S College AvenueNewarkDE19716USA
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50
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Mulya A, Haus JM, Solomon TP, Kelly KR, Malin SK, Rocco M, Barkoukis H, Kirwan JP. Exercise training-induced improvement in skeletal muscle PGC-1α-mediated fat metabolism is independent of dietary glycemic index. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2017; 25:721-729. [PMID: 28349667 PMCID: PMC5373498 DOI: 10.1002/oby.21799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study hypothesized that a low-glycemic diet combined with exercise would increase expression of nuclear regulators of fat transport and oxidation in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle. METHOD Nineteen subjects (64 ± 1 y; 34 ± 1 kg/m2 ) were randomized to receive isocaloric high-glycemic-index (HiGIX; 80 ± 0.6 units, n = 10) or low-glycemic-index (LoGIX; 40 ± 0.3 units, n = 9) diets combined with supervised exercise (1 h/d, 5 d/wk at ∼85% HRmax ) for 12 weeks. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Skeletal muscle biopsies were obtained before and after the intervention to assess fasting gene and protein expression. RESULTS Weight loss was similar for both groups (9.5 ± 1.3 kg). Likewise, improvements in insulin sensitivity (P < 0.002) and PPARγ (P < 0.002), PGC-1α (P = 0.003), CD36 (P = 0.003), FABP3 (mRNA, P = 0.01 and protein, P = 0.02), and CPT1B (mRNA, P = 0.03 and protein, P = 0.008) expression were similar for both interventions. Increased insulin sensitivity correlated with increased PGC-1α expression (P = 0.04), and increased fasting fat oxidation correlated with increased FABP3 (P = 0.04) and CPT1B (P = 0.05) expression. CONCLUSIONS An exercise/diet program resulting in 8% to 10% weight loss improved insulin sensitivity and key molecular mechanisms in skeletal muscle that are controlled by PGC-1α. These effects were independent of the glycemic index of the diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anny Mulya
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
| | - Jacob M. Haus
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
| | - Thomas P.J. Solomon
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
| | - Karen R. Kelly
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
| | - Michael Rocco
- Department of Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
| | - Hope Barkoukis
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106
- Metabolic Translational Research Center, Endocrine and Metabolism Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195
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