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Tang J, Feng M, Wang D, Zhang L, Yang K. Recent advancement of sonogenetics: A promising noninvasive cellular manipulation by ultrasound. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101112. [PMID: 38947740 PMCID: PMC11214298 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in biomedical research have underscored the importance of noninvasive cellular manipulation techniques. Sonogenetics, a method that uses genetic engineering to produce ultrasound-sensitive proteins in target cells, is gaining prominence along with optogenetics, electrogenetics, and magnetogenetics. Upon stimulation with ultrasound, these proteins trigger a cascade of cellular activities and functions. Unlike traditional ultrasound modalities, sonogenetics offers enhanced spatial selectivity, improving precision and safety in disease treatment. This technology broadens the scope of non-surgical interventions across a wide range of clinical research and therapeutic applications, including neuromodulation, oncologic treatments, stem cell therapy, and beyond. Although current literature predominantly emphasizes ultrasonic neuromodulation, this review offers a comprehensive exploration of sonogenetics. We discuss ultrasound properties, the specific ultrasound-sensitive proteins employed in sonogenetics, and the technique's potential in managing conditions such as neurological disorders, cancer, and ophthalmic diseases, and in stem cell therapies. Our objective is to stimulate fresh perspectives for further research in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Mingxuan Feng
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, Chongqing 400014, China
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2
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Mohanty S, Batabyal S, Idigo C, Narcisse D, Kim S, Al-Saad H, Carlson M, Tchedre K, Dibas A. Engineered sensor actuator modulator as aqueous humor outflow actuator for gene therapy of primary open-angle glaucoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:791. [PMID: 39198903 PMCID: PMC11350963 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, a blinding eye disease with optic neuropathy, is usually associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). The currently available pharmacological and surgical treatments for glaucoma have significant limitations and side effects, which include systemic reactions to medications, patient non-compliance, eye infections, surgical device failure, and damage to the eye. Here, we present Sensor-Actuator-Modulator (SAM), an engineered double mutant version of the bacterial stretch-activated mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) that directly senses tension in the membrane lipid bilayer of cells and in response, transiently opens its large nonspecific pore to release cytoplasmic fluid. The heterologously expressed mechanosensitive SAM channel acts as a tension-activated pressure release valve in trabeculocytes. In the trabecular meshwork (TM), SAM is activated by membrane stretch caused by elevated IOP. We have identified several SAM variants that are activated at physiologically relevant pressures. Using this barogenetic technology, we have demonstrated that SAM is functional in cultured TM cells, and successfully transduced in vivo in TM cells by use of AAV2/8. Further, it is effective in enhancing aqueous humor outflow facility leading to lowering the IOP in a mouse model of ocular hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subrata Batabyal
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Chinenye Idigo
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Darryl Narcisse
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Sanghoon Kim
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Houssam Al-Saad
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Michael Carlson
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Kissaou Tchedre
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Adnan Dibas
- Nanoscope Technologies, LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
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3
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Wu P, Liu Z, Tao W, Lai Y, Yang G, Yuan L. The principles and promising future of sonogenetics for precision medicine. Theranostics 2024; 14:4806-4821. [PMID: 39239514 PMCID: PMC11373633 DOI: 10.7150/thno.98476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Sonogenetics is an emerging medical technology that uses acoustic waves to control cells through sonosensitive mediators (SSMs) that are genetically encoded, thus remotely and non-invasively modulating specific molecular events and/or biomolecular functions. Sonogenetics has opened new opportunities for targeted spatiotemporal manipulation in the field of gene and cell-based therapies due to its inherent advantages, such as its noninvasive nature, high level of safety, and deep tissue penetration. Sonogenetics holds impressive potential in a wide range of applications, from tumor immunotherapy and mitigation of Parkinsonian symptoms to the modulation of neural reward pathway, and restoration of vision. This review provides a detailed overview of the mechanisms and classifications of established sonogenetics systems and summarizes their applications in disease treatment and management. The review concludes by highlighting the challenges that hinder the further progress of sonogenetics, paving the way for future advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengying Wu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Zhaoyou Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Wenxin Tao
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Yubo Lai
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710038, China
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4
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Robayo-Amortegui H, Quintero-Altare A, Florez-Navas C, Serna-Palacios I, Súarez-Saavedra A, Buitrago-Bernal R, Casallas-Barrera JO. Fluid dynamics of life: exploring the physiology and importance of water in the critical illness. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1368502. [PMID: 38745736 PMCID: PMC11092983 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1368502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Water acknowledged as a vital component for life and the universal solvent, is crucial for diverse physiological processes in the human body. While essential for survival, the human body lacks the capacity to produce water, emphasizing the need for regular ingestion to maintain a homeostatic environment. The human body, predominantly composed of water, exhibits remarkable biochemical properties, playing a pivotal role in processes such as protein transport, thermoregulation, the cell cycle, and acid–base balance. This review delves into comprehending the molecular characteristics of water and its interactions within the human body. The article offers valuable insights into the intricate relationship between water and critical illness. Through a comprehensive exploration, it seeks to enhance our understanding of water’s pivotal role in sustaining overall human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Robayo-Amortegui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fundación Clínica Shaio, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
- Department of Medicine, Critical Care Resident, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Quintero-Altare
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fundación Clínica Shaio, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
- Department of Medicine, Critical Care Resident, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Catalina Florez-Navas
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fundación Clínica Shaio, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
- Department of Medicine, Critical Care Resident, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Isacio Serna-Palacios
- Department of Medicine, Critical Care Resident, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | | | - Ricardo Buitrago-Bernal
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Fundación Clínica Shaio, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
- Exploratorium group, Fundación Clínica Shaio, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
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5
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Batabyal S, Idigo C, Narcisse D, Dibas A, Mohanty S. Response of heterologously expressed pressure sensor-actuator-modulator macromolecule to external mechanical stress. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29195. [PMID: 38644861 PMCID: PMC11031797 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cells from different organs in the body experience a range of mechanical and osmotic pressures that change in various diseases, including neurological, cardiovascular, ophthalmological, and renal diseases. Here, we demonstrate the use of an engineered Sensor-Actuator-Modulator (SAM) of microbial origin derived from a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) for sensing external mechanical stress and modulating activities of mammalian cells. SAM is reliably expressed in the mammalian cell membrane and acts as a tension-activated pressure release valve. Further, the activities of heterologously expressed SAM in mammalian cells could be modulated by osmotic pressure. A comparison of the mechanosensitive activities of SAM-variants from different microbial origins shows differential inward current and dye uptake in response to mechanical stress exerted by hypo-osmotic shock. The use of SAM channels as mechanical stress-activated modulators in mammalian cells could provide new therapeutic approaches for treating disorders related to mechanical or osmotic pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Batabyal
- Nanoscope Technologies LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Chinenye Idigo
- Nanoscope Technologies LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Darryl Narcisse
- Nanoscope Technologies LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
| | - Adnan Dibas
- Nanoscope Technologies LLC, 1312 Brown Trail, Bedford, TX, 76022, USA
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6
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Hahmann J, Ishaqat A, Lammers T, Herrmann A. Sonogenetics for Monitoring and Modulating Biomolecular Function by Ultrasound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317112. [PMID: 38197549 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound technology, synergistically harnessed with genetic engineering and chemistry concepts, has started to open the gateway to the remarkable realm of sonogenetics-a pioneering paradigm for remotely orchestrating cellular functions at the molecular level. This fusion not only enables precisely targeted imaging and therapeutic interventions, but also advances our comprehension of mechanobiology to unparalleled depths. Sonogenetic tools harness mechanical force within small tissue volumes while preserving the integrity of the surrounding physiological environment, reaching depths of up to tens of centimeters with high spatiotemporal precision. These capabilities circumvent the inherent physical limitations of alternative in vivo control methods such as optogenetics and magnetogenetics. In this review, we first discuss mechanosensitive ion channels, the most commonly utilized sonogenetic mediators, in both mammalian and non-mammalian systems. Subsequently, we provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art sonogenetic approaches that leverage thermal or mechanical features of ultrasonic waves. Additionally, we explore strategies centered around the design of mechanochemically reactive macromolecular systems. Furthermore, we delve into the realm of ultrasound imaging of biomolecular function, encompassing the utilization of gas vesicles and acoustic reporter genes. Finally, we shed light on limitations and challenges of sonogenetics and present a perspective on the future of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hahmann
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstr. 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aman Ishaqat
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging (ExMI), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck School Matter to Life, Jahnstr. 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wang HC, Phan TN, Kao CL, Yeh CK, Lin YC. Genetically encoded mediators for sonogenetics and their applications in neuromodulation. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1326279. [PMID: 38188668 PMCID: PMC10766825 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1326279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sonogenetics is an emerging approach that harnesses ultrasound for the manipulation of genetically modified cells. The great penetrability of ultrasound waves enables the non-invasive application of external stimuli to deep tissues, particularly advantageous for brain stimulation. Genetically encoded ultrasound mediators, a set of proteins that respond to ultrasound-induced bio-effects, play a critical role in determining the effectiveness and applications of sonogenetics. In this context, we will provide an overview of these ultrasound-responsive mediators, delve into the molecular mechanisms governing their response to ultrasound stimulation, and summarize their applications in neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chu Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Nhan Phan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ling Kao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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8
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Fumadó Navarro J, Lomora M. Mechanoresponsive Drug Delivery Systems for Vascular Diseases. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200466. [PMID: 36670512 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanoresponsive drug delivery systems (DDS) have emerged as promising candidates to improve the current effectiveness and lower the side effects typically associated with direct drug administration in the context of vascular diseases. Despite tremendous research efforts to date, designing drug delivery systems able to respond to mechanical stimuli to potentially treat these diseases is still in its infancy. By understanding relevant biological forces emerging in healthy and pathological vascular endothelium, it is believed that better-informed design strategies can be deduced for the fabrication of simple-to-complex macromolecular assemblies capable of sensing mechanical forces. These responsive systems are discussed through insights into essential parameter design (composition, size, shape, and aggregation state) , as well as their functionalization with (macro)molecules that are intrinsically mechanoresponsive (e.g., mechanosensitive ion channels and mechanophores). Mechanical forces, including the pathological shear stress and exogenous stimuli (e.g., ultrasound, magnetic fields), used for the activation of mechanoresponsive DDS are also introduced, followed by in vitro and in vivo experimental models used to investigate and validate such novel therapies. Overall, this review aims to propose a fresh perspective through identified challenges and proposed solutions that could be of benefit for the further development of this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Fumadó Navarro
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
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Song M, Zhang M, He S, Li L, Hu H. Ultrasonic neuromodulation mediated by mechanosensitive ion channels: current and future. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1232308. [PMID: 37583416 PMCID: PMC10423872 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1232308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound neuromodulation technology is a promising neuromodulation approach, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, high-resolution, deep penetration and good targeting, which aid in circumventing the side effects of drugs and invasive therapeutic interventions. Ultrasound can cause mechanical effects, activate mechanosensitive ion channels and alter neuronal excitability, producing biological effects. The structural determination of mechanosensitive ion channels will greatly contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying mechanosensory transduction. However, the underlying biological mechanism of ultrasonic neuromodulation remains poorly understood. Hence, this review aims to provide an outline of the properties of ultrasound, the structures of specific mechanosensitive ion channels, and their role in ultrasound neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Song
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sixuan He
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Le Li
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huijing Hu
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
- Research and Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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Abstract
Plasma membrane tension functions as a global physical organizer of cellular activities. Technical limitations of current membrane tension measurement techniques have hampered in-depth investigation of cellular membrane biophysics and the role of plasma membrane tension in regulating cellular processes. Here, we develop an optical membrane tension reporter by repurposing an E. coli mechanosensitive channel via insertion of circularly permuted GFP (cpGFP), which undergoes a large conformational rearrangement associated with channel activation and thus fluorescence intensity changes under increased membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yu Hsu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Agnes M Resto Irizarry
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Allen P Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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11
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Wen X, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Guo S, Qian J, Zhu J, Yang Z, Qiu W, Li G, Huang L, Jiang M, Tan L, Zheng H, Shu Q, Li Y. Mechanosensitive channel MscL induces non-apoptotic cell death and its suppression of tumor growth by ultrasound. Front Chem 2023; 11:1130563. [PMID: 36936526 PMCID: PMC10014542 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1130563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) is the most thoroughly studied mechanosensitive channel in prokaryotes. Owing to its small molecular weight, clear mechanical gating mechanism, and nanopore forming ability upon opening, accumulating studies are implemented in regulating cell function by activating mechanosensitive channel of large conductance in mammalian cells. This study aimed to investigate the potentials of mechanosensitive channel of large conductance as a nanomedicine and a mechano-inducer in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells from the view of molecular pathways and acoustics. The stable cytoplasmic vacuolization model about NSCLC A549 cells was established via the targeted expression of modified mechanosensitive channel of large conductance channels in different subcellular organelles. Subsequent morphological changes in cellular component and expression levels of cell death markers are analyzed by confocal imaging and western blots. The permeability of mitochondrial inner membrane (MIM) exhibited a vital role in cytoplasmic vacuolization formation. Furthermore, mechanosensitive channel of large conductance channel can be activated by low intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) in A549 cells, and the suppression of A549 tumors in vivo was achieved by LIFU with sound pressure as low as 0.053 MPa. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying non-apoptotic cell death, and validate the nanochannel-based non-invasive ultrasonic strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Wen
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Neuroscience, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenya Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuangshuang Guo
- Department of Biophysics and Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Qian
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinjun Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenni Yang
- Department of Biophysics, Department of Neurology of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weibao Qiu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Songshan Lake Science and Technology Park, Dongguan, China
| | - Li Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Medical University, Songshan Lake Science and Technology Park, Dongguan, China
| | - Mizu Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linhua Tan
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Qiang Shu, ; Yuezhou Li,
| | - Yuezhou Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Qiang Shu, ; Yuezhou Li,
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12
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Chen Y, Li Y, Du M, Yu J, Gao F, Yuan Z, Chen Z. Ultrasound Neuromodulation: Integrating Medicine and Engineering for Neurological Disease Treatment. BIO INTEGRATION 2021. [DOI: 10.15212/bioi-2020-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Neurological diseases associated with dysfunctions of neural circuits, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), depression and epilepsy, have been increasingly prevalent. To tackle these issues, artificial stimulation or regulation of specific neural circuits and
nuclei are employed to alleviate or cure certain neurological diseases. In particular, ultrasound neuromodulation has been an emerging interdisciplinary approach, which integrates medicine and engineering methodologies in the treatment. With the development of medicine and engineering, ultrasound
neuromodulation has gradually been applied in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. In this review, we aimed to summarize the mechanism of ultrasound neuromodulation and the advances of focused ultrasound (FUS) in neuromodulation in recent years, with a special emphasis on its
application in central nervous system disease treatment. FUS showed great feasibility in the treatment of epilepsy, tremor, AD, depression, and brain trauma. We also suggested future directions of ultrasound neuromodulation in clinical settings, with a focus on its fusion with genetic engineering
or nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Meng Du
- Medical Imaging Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jinsui Yu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Medical Imaging Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Wubshet NH, Arreguin-Martinez E, Nail M, Annamalai H, Koerner R, Rousseva M, Tom T, Gillespie RB, Liu AP. Simulating microgravity using a random positioning machine for inducing cellular responses to mechanotransduction in human osteoblasts. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:114101. [PMID: 34852501 PMCID: PMC9643046 DOI: 10.1063/5.0056366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The mechanotransduction pathways that mediate cellular responses to contact forces are better understood than those that mediate response to distance forces, especially the force of gravity. Removing or reducing gravity for significant periods of time involves either sending samples to space, inducing diamagnetic levitation with high magnetic fields, or continually reorienting samples for a period, all in a manner that supports cell culturing. Undesired secondary effects due to high magnetic fields or shear forces associated with fluid flow while reorienting must be considered in the design of ground-based devices. We have developed a lab-friendly and compact random positioning machine (RPM) that fits in a standard tissue culture incubator. Using a two-axis gimbal, it continually reorients samples in a manner that produces an equal likelihood that all possible orientations are visited. We contribute a new control algorithm by which the distribution of probabilities over all possible orientations is completely uniform. Rather than randomly varying gimbal axis speed and/or direction as in previous algorithms (which produces non-uniform probability distributions of orientation), we use inverse kinematics to follow a trajectory with a probability distribution of orientations that is uniform by construction. Over a time period of 6 h of operation using our RPM, the average gravity is within 0.001 23% of the gravity of Earth. Shear forces are minimized by limiting the angular speed of both gimbal motors to under 42 °/s. We demonstrate the utility of our RPM by investigating the effects of simulated microgravity on adherent human osteoblasts immediately after retrieving samples from our RPM. Cytoskeletal disruption and cell shape changes were observed relative to samples cultured in a 1 g environment. We also found that subjecting human osteoblasts in suspension to simulated microgravity resulted in less filamentous actin and lower cell stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadab H. Wubshet
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | | | - Hariprasad Annamalai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Robert Koerner
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Maria Rousseva
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Tristan Tom
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - Allen P. Liu
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: . Current address: University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. Tel.: +1 734-764-7719
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14
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Zhao P, Huo S, Fan J, Chen J, Kiessling F, Boersma AJ, Göstl R, Herrmann A. Activation of the Catalytic Activity of Thrombin for Fibrin Formation by Ultrasound. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14707-14714. [PMID: 33939872 PMCID: PMC8252103 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of enzyme activity is a method to control biological function. We report two systems enabling the ultrasound-induced activation of thrombin, which is vital for secondary hemostasis. First, we designed polyaptamers, which can specifically bind to thrombin, inhibiting its catalytic activity. With ultrasound generating inertial cavitation and therapeutic medical focused ultrasound, the interactions between polyaptamer and enzyme are cleaved, restoring the activity to catalyze the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. Second, we used split aptamers conjugated to the surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). In the presence of thrombin, these assemble into an aptamer tertiary structure, induce AuNP aggregation, and deactivate the enzyme. By ultrasonication, the AuNP aggregates reversibly disassemble releasing and activating the enzyme. We envision that this approach will be a blueprint to control the function of other proteins by mechanical stimuli in the sonogenetics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkun Zhao
- Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 5052056AachenGermany
| | - Shuaidong Huo
- Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 5052056AachenGermany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 152074AachenGermany
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchSchool of Pharmaceutical ScienceXiamen University361102XiamenChina
| | - Jilin Fan
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 5052056AachenGermany
| | - Junlin Chen
- Institute for Experimental Molecular ImagingUniversity Hospital AachenForckenbeckstr. 5552074AachenGermany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular ImagingUniversity Hospital AachenForckenbeckstr. 5552074AachenGermany
| | - Arnold J. Boersma
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 5052056AachenGermany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 5052056AachenGermany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747 AGGroningenThe Netherlands
- DWI—Leibniz Institute for Interactive MaterialsForckenbeckstr. 5052056AachenGermany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular ChemistryRWTH Aachen UniversityWorringerweg 152074AachenGermany
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15
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Zhao P, Huo S, Fan J, Chen J, Kiessling F, Boersma AJ, Göstl R, Herrmann A. Aktivierung der katalytischen Aktivität von Thrombin für die Bildung von Fibrin durch Ultraschall. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengkun Zhao
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Shuaidong Huo
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Deutschland
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie RWTH Aachen Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research School of Pharmaceutical Science Xiamen University 361102 Xiamen China
| | - Jilin Fan
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Junlin Chen
- Institut für Experimentelle Molekulare Bildgebung Uniklinik Aachen Forckenbeckstr. 55 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institut für Experimentelle Molekulare Bildgebung Uniklinik Aachen Forckenbeckstr. 55 52074 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Arnold J. Boersma
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Deutschland
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Niederlande
- DWI – Leibniz-Institut für Interaktive Materialien Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Deutschland
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie RWTH Aachen Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Deutschland
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16
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Qiu Z, Kala S, Guo J, Xian Q, Zhu J, Zhu T, Hou X, Wong KF, Yang M, Wang H, Sun L. Targeted Neurostimulation in Mouse Brains with Non-invasive Ultrasound. Cell Rep 2021; 32:108033. [PMID: 32814040 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently developed brain stimulation techniques have significantly advanced our ability to manipulate the brain's function. However, stimulating specific neurons in a desired region without significant surgical invasion remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a neuron-specific and region-targeted neural excitation strategy using non-invasive ultrasound through activation of heterologously expressed mechanosensitive ion channels (MscL-G22S). Low-intensity ultrasound is significantly better at inducing Ca2+ influx and neuron activation in vitro and at evoking electromyogram (EMG) responses in vivo in targeted cells expressing MscL-G22S. Neurons in the cerebral cortex or dorsomedial striatum of mice are made to express MscL-G22S and stimulated ultrasonically. We find significant upregulation of c-Fos in neuron nuclei only in the regions expressing MscL-G22S compared with the non-MscL controls, as well as in various other regions in the same brain. Thus, we detail an effective approach for activating specific regions and cell types in intact mouse brains by sensitizing them to ultrasound using a mechanosensitive ion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Shashwati Kala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Jinghui Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Quanxiang Xian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Jiejun Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Xuandi Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Kin Fung Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Minyi Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Haoru Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China, 999077.
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17
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Abstract
Ultrasound modulates the electrical activity of excitable cells and offers advantages over other neuromodulatory techniques; for example, it can be noninvasively transmitted through the skull and focused to deep brain regions. However, the fundamental cellular, molecular, and mechanistic bases of ultrasonic neuromodulation are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate ultrasound activation of the mechanosensitive K+ channel TRAAK with submillisecond kinetics to an extent comparable to canonical mechanical activation. Single-channel recordings reveal a common basis for ultrasonic and mechanical activation with stimulus-graded destabilization of long-duration closures and promotion of full conductance openings. Ultrasonic energy is transduced to TRAAK through the membrane in the absence of other cellular components, likely increasing membrane tension to promote channel opening. We further demonstrate ultrasonic modulation of neuronally expressed TRAAK. These results suggest mechanosensitive channels underlie physiological responses to ultrasound and could serve as sonogenetic actuators for acoustic neuromodulation of genetically targeted cells.
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18
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Nakayama Y. Corynebacterium glutamicum Mechanosensing: From Osmoregulation to L-Glutamate Secretion for the Avian Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:201. [PMID: 33478007 PMCID: PMC7835871 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
After the discovery of Corynebacterium glutamicum from avian feces-contaminated soil, its enigmatic L-glutamate secretion by corynebacterial MscCG-type mechanosensitive channels has been utilized for industrial monosodium glutamate production. Bacterial mechanosensitive channels are activated directly by increased membrane tension upon hypoosmotic downshock; thus; the physiological significance of the corynebacterial L-glutamate secretion has been considered as adjusting turgor pressure by releasing cytoplasmic solutes. In this review, we present information that corynebacterial mechanosensitive channels have been evolutionally specialized as carriers to secrete L-glutamate into the surrounding environment in their habitats rather than osmotic safety valves. The lipid modulation activation of MscCG channels in L-glutamate production can be explained by the "Force-From-Lipids" and "Force-From-Tethers" mechanosensing paradigms and differs significantly from mechanical activation upon hypoosmotic shock. The review also provides information on the search for evidence that C. glutamicum was originally a gut bacterium in the avian host with the aim of understanding the physiological roles of corynebacterial mechanosensing. C. glutamicum is able to secrete L-glutamate by mechanosensitive channels in the gut microbiota and help the host brain function via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Nakayama
- Molecular Cardiology and Biophysics Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; ; Tel.: +61-2-9295-8744
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
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19
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Ion Channels in Biophysics and Physiology: Methods & Challenges to Study Mechanosensitive Ion Channels. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:33-49. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Rabut C, Yoo S, Hurt RC, Jin Z, Li H, Guo H, Ling B, Shapiro MG. Ultrasound Technologies for Imaging and Modulating Neural Activity. Neuron 2020; 108:93-110. [PMID: 33058769 PMCID: PMC7577369 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Visualizing and perturbing neural activity on a brain-wide scale in model animals and humans is a major goal of neuroscience technology development. Established electrical and optical techniques typically break down at this scale due to inherent physical limitations. In contrast, ultrasound readily permeates the brain, and in some cases the skull, and interacts with tissue with a fundamental resolution on the order of 100 μm and 1 ms. This basic ability has motivated major efforts to harness ultrasound as a modality for large-scale brain imaging and modulation. These efforts have resulted in already-useful neuroscience tools, including high-resolution hemodynamic functional imaging, focused ultrasound neuromodulation, and local drug delivery. Furthermore, recent breakthroughs promise to connect ultrasound to neurons at the genetic level for biomolecular imaging and sonogenetic control. In this article, we review the state of the art and ongoing developments in ultrasonic neurotechnology, building from fundamental principles to current utility, open questions, and future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Rabut
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Sangjin Yoo
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Robert C Hurt
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Zhiyang Jin
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hongyi Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Hongsun Guo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Bill Ling
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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21
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Wang S, Meng W, Ren Z, Li B, Zhu T, Chen H, Wang Z, He B, Zhao D, Jiang H. Ultrasonic Neuromodulation and Sonogenetics: A New Era for Neural Modulation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:787. [PMID: 32765294 PMCID: PMC7378787 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive ultrasonic neural modulation (UNM), a non-invasive technique with enhanced spatial focus compared to conventional electrical neural modulation, has attracted much attention in recent decades and might become the mainstream regimen for neurological disorders. However, as ultrasonic bioeffects and its adjustments are still unclear, it remains difficult to be extensively applied for therapeutic purpose, much less in the setting of human skull. Hence to comprehensively understand the way ultrasound exerts bioeffects, we explored UNM from a basic perspective by illustrating the parameter settings and the underlying mechanisms. In addition, although the spatial resolution and precision of UNM are considerable, UNM is relatively non-specific to tissue or cell type and shows very low specificity at the molecular level. Surprisingly, Ibsen et al. (2015) first proposed the concept of sonogenetics, which combined UNM and mechanosensitive (MS) channel protein. This emerging approach is a valuable improvement, as it may markedly increase the precision and spatial resolution of UNM. It seemed to be an inspiring tool with high accuracy and specificity, however, little information about sonogenetics is currently available. Thus, in order to provide an overview of sonogenetics and prompt the researches on UNM, we summarized the potential mechanisms from a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weilun Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Medical Department, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongyuan Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Medical Department, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, China
| | - Binxun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongjian Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo He
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongdong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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22
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Non-apoptotic cell death induced by opening the large conductance mechanosensitive channel MscL in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Biomaterials 2020; 250:120061. [PMID: 32361391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Most anticancer therapies trigger apoptosis to eliminate malignant cells. However, the majority of malignant cancer cells are resistant to apoptosis due to genetic mutations or heterogeneity. Here, we report that opening the pore of the bacterial large conductance mechanosensitivity channel (MscL) provides a novel approach of inducing non-apoptotic cell death. The gain-of-function mutant V23A-MscL and chemically responsive mutant G26C-MscL can be functionally expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. V23A-MscL spontaneously opens, and G26C-MscL also responds to its chemical activator MTSET. Opening of the MscL channel causes increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration and suppressed cell growth and viability. MTSET-activated G26C channels induce necrosis, while V23A-MscL expression leads to cytoplasmic vacuolization cell death in HepG2 cells and suppresses tumor growth in a mouse model. We propose that MscL may act as a nanovalve through which intracellular homeostasis suffers a disruption and results in malignant tumor cell damage, leading to a new strategy for cancer therapy.
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23
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Peruzzi JA, Jacobs ML, Vu TQ, Wang KS, Kamat NP. Barcoding Biological Reactions with DNA-Functionalized Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18683-18690. [PMID: 31596992 PMCID: PMC6901749 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Targeted vesicle fusion is a promising approach to selectively control interactions between vesicle compartments and would enable the initiation of biological reactions in complex aqueous environments. Here, we explore how two features of vesicle membranes, DNA tethers and phase-segregated membranes, promote fusion between specific vesicle populations. Membrane phase-segregation provides an energetic driver for membrane fusion that increases the efficiency of DNA-mediated fusion events. The orthogonality provided by DNA tethers allows us to direct fusion and delivery of DNA cargo to specific vesicle populations. Vesicle fusion between DNA-tethered vesicles can be used to initiate in vitro protein expression to produce model soluble and membrane proteins. Engineering orthogonal fusion events between DNA-tethered vesicles provides a new strategy to control the spatiotemporal dynamics of cell-free reactions, expanding opportunities to engineer artificial cellular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Peruzzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Miranda L Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Timothy Q Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Kenneth S Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
| | - Neha P Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, McCormick School of Engineering, Technological Institute, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Il, 60208, USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, USA
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24
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Peruzzi JA, Jacobs ML, Vu TQ, Wang KS, Kamat NP. Barcoding Biological Reactions with DNA‐Functionalized Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin A. Peruzzi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University USA
| | - Miranda L. Jacobs
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Timothy Q. Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Kenneth S. Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
| | - Neha P. Kamat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University McCormick School of Engineering Technological Institute 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston Il 60208 USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology Northwestern University USA
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute Northwestern University USA
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25
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Ellefsen KL, Holt JR, Chang AC, Nourse JL, Arulmoli J, Mekhdjian AH, Abuwarda H, Tombola F, Flanagan LA, Dunn AR, Parker I, Pathak MM. Myosin-II mediated traction forces evoke localized Piezo1-dependent Ca 2+ flickers. Commun Biol 2019; 2:298. [PMID: 31396578 PMCID: PMC6685976 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Piezo channels transduce mechanical stimuli into electrical and chemical signals to powerfully influence development, tissue homeostasis, and regeneration. Studies on Piezo1 have largely focused on transduction of "outside-in" mechanical forces, and its response to internal, cell-generated forces remains poorly understood. Here, using measurements of endogenous Piezo1 activity and traction forces in native cellular conditions, we show that cellular traction forces generate spatially-restricted Piezo1-mediated Ca2+ flickers in the absence of externally-applied mechanical forces. Although Piezo1 channels diffuse readily in the plasma membrane and are widely distributed across the cell, their flicker activity is enriched near force-producing adhesions. The mechanical force that activates Piezo1 arises from Myosin II phosphorylation by Myosin Light Chain Kinase. We propose that Piezo1 Ca2+ flickers allow spatial segregation of mechanotransduction events, and that mobility allows Piezo1 channels to explore a large number of mechanical microdomains and thus respond to a greater diversity of mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L. Ellefsen
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Jesse R. Holt
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Alice C. Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Jamison L. Nourse
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Janahan Arulmoli
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Armen H. Mekhdjian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Hamid Abuwarda
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Francesco Tombola
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Lisa A. Flanagan
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Neurology, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Alexander R. Dunn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - Medha M. Pathak
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
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Qian W, Chen W. Probing Single-Cell Mechanical Allostasis Using Ultrasound Tweezers. Cell Mol Bioeng 2019; 12:415-427. [PMID: 31719924 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-019-00578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In response to external stress, cells alter their morphology, metabolic activity, and functions to mechanically adapt to the dynamic, local environment through cell allostasis. To explore mechanotransduction in cellular allostasis, we applied an integrated micromechanical system that combines an 'ultrasound tweezers'-based mechanical stressor and a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based molecular force biosensor, termed "actinin-sstFRET," to monitor in situ single-cell allostasis in response to transient stimulation in real time. Methods The ultrasound tweezers utilize 1 Hz, 10-s transient ultrasound pulses to acoustically excite a lipid-encapsulated microbubble, which is bound to the cell membrane, and apply a pico- to nano-Newton range of forces to cells through an RGD-integrin linkage. The actinin-sstFRET molecular sensor, which engages the actin stress fibers in live cells, is used to map real-time actomyosin force dynamics over time. Then, the mechanosensitive behaviors were examined by profiling the dynamics in Ca2+ influx, actomyosin cytoskeleton (CSK) activity, and GTPase RhoA signaling to define a single-cell mechanical allostasis. Results By subjecting a 1 Hz, 10-s physical stress, single vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were observed to remodeled themselves in a biphasic mechanical allostatic manner within 30 min that caused them to adjust their contractility and actomyosin activities. The cellular machinery that underscores the vital role of CSK equilibrium in cellular mechanical allostasis, includes Ca2+ influx, remodeling of actomyosin CSK and contraction, and GTPase RhoA signaling. Mechanical allostasis was observed to be compromised in VSMCs from patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which could potentiate an allostatic maladaptation. Conclusions By integrating tools that simultaneously permit localized mechanical perturbation and map actomyosin forces, we revealed distinct cellular mechanical allostasis profiles in our micromechanical system. Our findings of cell mechanical allostasis and maladaptation provide the potential for mechanophenotyping cells to reveal their pathogenic contexts and their biophysical mediators that underlie multi-etiological diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, or aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA
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Hong F, Li Y. [Application of mechanosensitive channels in sonogenetics]. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019; 48:34-38. [PMID: 31102355 PMCID: PMC8800646 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2019.02.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a non-invasive approach, sonogenetics is applied to control neuronal activity. The mechanosensitive channel(MSC), which has low threshold of responding to ultrasound, may be the alternative solution. Sonogenetics is the technique that activates the MSC expressed in targeted neurons by low intensity ultrasound, thus achieve the neuromodulation. In this review, we introduce the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance, transient receptor potential, channels of the two-pore-domain potassium family, Piezo and the recent progress on their application in sonogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Hong
- 1. Department of Biophysics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuezhou Li
- 1. Department of Biophysics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310052, China
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28
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Diblock copolymers enhance folding of a mechanosensitive membrane protein during cell-free expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:4031-4036. [PMID: 30760590 PMCID: PMC6410776 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1814775116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane protein folding is a critical step that underlies proper cellular function as well as the design of technologies like vesicle-based biosensors and artificial cells. Membrane composition is known to play a role in membrane protein folding; however, the specific mechanical properties of membranes that govern protein folding remain unclear. Using a highly elastic nonnatural amphiphile, we highlight the importance of a membrane mechanical property, membrane elasticity, on the spontaneous insertion and folding of a model α-helical membrane protein. Through this study, we gain a deeper understanding of cellular membrane protein folding and offer a potential approach to improve the production of membrane proteins through optimizing the mechanical properties of synthetic scaffolds present in cell-free reactions. The expression and integration of membrane proteins into vesicle membranes is a critical step in the design of cell-mimetic biosensors, bioreactors, and artificial cells. While membrane proteins have been integrated into a variety of nonnatural membranes, the effects of the chemical and physical properties of these vesicle membranes on protein behavior remain largely unknown. Nonnatural amphiphiles, such as diblock copolymers, provide an interface that can be synthetically controlled to better investigate this relationship. Here, we focus on the initial step in a membrane protein’s life cycle: expression and folding. We observe improvements in both the folding and overall production of a model mechanosensitive channel protein, the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance, during cell-free reactions when vesicles containing diblock copolymers are present. By systematically tuning the membrane composition of vesicles through incorporation of a poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(butadiene) diblock copolymer, we show that membrane protein folding and production can be improved over that observed in traditional lipid vesicles. We then reproduce this effect with an alternate membrane-elasticizing molecule, C12E8. Our results suggest that global membrane physical properties, specifically available membrane surface area and the membrane area expansion modulus, significantly influence the folding and yield of a membrane protein. Furthermore, our results set the stage for explorations into how nonnatural membrane amphiphiles can be used to both study and enhance the production of biological membrane proteins.
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29
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Basoli F, Giannitelli SM, Gori M, Mozetic P, Bonfanti A, Trombetta M, Rainer A. Biomechanical Characterization at the Cell Scale: Present and Prospects. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1449. [PMID: 30498449 PMCID: PMC6249385 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapidly growing field of mechanobiology demands for robust and reproducible characterization of cell mechanical properties. Recent achievements in understanding the mechanical regulation of cell fate largely rely on technological platforms capable of probing the mechanical response of living cells and their physico–chemical interaction with the microenvironment. Besides the established family of atomic force microscopy (AFM) based methods, other approaches include optical, magnetic, and acoustic tweezers, as well as sensing substrates that take advantage of biomaterials chemistry and microfabrication techniques. In this review, we introduce the available methods with an emphasis on the most recent advances, and we discuss the challenges associated with their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Basoli
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Manuele Gori
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela Mozetic
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czechia
| | - Alessandra Bonfanti
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marcella Trombetta
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.,Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
From basic studies in understanding the role of signaling pathways to therapeutic applications in engineering new cellular functions, efficient and safe techniques to monitor and modulate molecular targets from cells to organs have been extensively developed. The developmental advancement of engineering devices such as microscope and ultrasonic transducers allows us to investigate biological processes at different scales. Synthetic biology has further emerged recently as a powerful platform for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic molecular tools. The synergetic amalgamation between engineering tools and synthetic biology has rapidly become a new front in the field of bioengineering and biotechnology. In this review, ultrasound and its generated mechanical perturbation are introduced to serve as a non-invasive engineering approach and, integrated with synthetic biology, to remotely control signaling and genetic activities for the guidance of cellular functions deep inside tissue with high spatiotemporal resolutions. This ultrasound-based approach together with synthetic biology has been applied in immunotherapy, neuroscience, and gene delivery, paving the way for the development of next-generation therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego
| | - Sangpil Yoon
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California
| | - Linshan Zhu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego
| | - Yingxiao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego
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31
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Ye J, Tang S, Meng L, Li X, Wen X, Chen S, Niu L, Li X, Qiu W, Hu H, Jiang M, Shang S, Shu Q, Zheng H, Duan S, Li Y. Ultrasonic Control of Neural Activity through Activation of the Mechanosensitive Channel MscL. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:4148-4155. [PMID: 29916253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Externally controlling the excitation of a neuronal subset through ion channels activation can modulate the firing pattern of an entire neural circuit in vivo. As nanovalves in the cell membrane, ion channels can be opened by light (optogenetics) or ultrasonic (sonogenetics) means. A thoroughly analyzed force sensor is the Escherichia coli mechano sensitive channel of large conductance (MscL). Here we expressed MscL in rat hippocampal neurons in a primary culture and showed that it could be activated by low-pressure ultrasound pulses. The gain-of-function mutation, I92L, sensitized MscL's sonic response, triggering action potentials at a peak negative pressure as low as 0.25 MPa. Further, the I92L MscL reliably elicited individual spikes by timed brief pulses, making excitation programmable. Because MscL opens to tension in the lipid bilayer, requiring no other proteins or ligands, it could be developed into a general noninvasive sonogenetic tool to manipulate the activities of neurons or other cells and potential nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ye
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Siyang Tang
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Long Meng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , 518005 , China
| | - Xia Li
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Xiaoxu Wen
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Sihan Chen
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Lili Niu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , 518005 , China
| | - Xiangyao Li
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Weibao Qiu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , 518005 , China
| | - Hailan Hu
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Shiqiang Shang
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI , Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shenzhen , 518005 , China
| | - Shumin Duan
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
| | - Yuezhou Li
- Children's Hospital and Department of Biophysics, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology , Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , Zhejiang 310058 , China
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32
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Heureaux-Torres J, Luker KE, Haley H, Pirone M, Lee LM, Herrera Y, Luker GD, Liu AP. The effect of mechanosensitive channel MscL expression in cancer cells on 3D confined migration. APL Bioeng 2018; 2:032001. [PMID: 31069318 PMCID: PMC6324216 DOI: 10.1063/1.5019770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells migrate through constricted spaces and experience significant compressive stress, but mechanisms enabling migration in confined geometries remain unclear. Cancer cell migration within confined 3-dimensional (3D) microfluidic channels has been shown to be distinct from 2D cell migration. However, whether 3D confined migration can be manipulated by mechanosensory components has not been examined in detail. In this work, we exogenously introduced a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) into metastatic breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. We discovered that inducing expression of a gain-of-function G22S mutant of MscL in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced spontaneous lung metastasis without affecting the growth of orthotopic tumor implants. To further investigate the effects of G22S MscL on cell migration, we designed a microfluidic device with channels of various cross-sections ranging from a 2D planar environment to narrow 3D constrictions. Both MscL G22S and control breast cancer cells migrated progressively slower in more constricted environments. Migration of cells expressing MscL G22S did not differ from control cells, even though MscL was activated in cells in constricted channels of 3 μm width. Interestingly, we found MscL expressing cells to be more frequently “stuck” at the entrance of the 3 μm channels and failed to migrate into the microchannel. Our work demonstrates the possibility of engineering mechanotransduction for controlling confined cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Heureaux-Torres
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kathryn E Luker
- Department of Radiology, Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Henry Haley
- Department of Radiology, Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Matthew Pirone
- Department of Radiology, Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Lap Man Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yoani Herrera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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Maresca D, Lakshmanan A, Abedi M, Bar-Zion A, Farhadi A, Lu GJ, Szablowski JO, Wu D, Yoo S, Shapiro MG. Biomolecular Ultrasound and Sonogenetics. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2018; 9:229-252. [PMID: 29579400 PMCID: PMC6086606 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060817-084034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Visualizing and modulating molecular and cellular processes occurring deep within living organisms is fundamental to our study of basic biology and disease. Currently, the most sophisticated tools available to dynamically monitor and control cellular events rely on light-responsive proteins, which are difficult to use outside of optically transparent model systems, cultured cells, or surgically accessed regions owing to strong scattering of light by biological tissue. In contrast, ultrasound is a widely used medical imaging and therapeutic modality that enables the observation and perturbation of internal anatomy and physiology but has historically had limited ability to monitor and control specific cellular processes. Recent advances are beginning to address this limitation through the development of biomolecular tools that allow ultrasound to connect directly to cellular functions such as gene expression. Driven by the discovery and engineering of new contrast agents, reporter genes, and bioswitches, the nascent field of biomolecular ultrasound carries a wave of exciting opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Maresca
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA;
| | - Anupama Lakshmanan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Mohamad Abedi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Avinoam Bar-Zion
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA;
| | - Arash Farhadi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - George J Lu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA;
| | - Jerzy O Szablowski
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA;
| | - Di Wu
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Sangjin Yoo
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA;
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA;
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34
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Sato T, Shapiro MG, Tsao DY. Ultrasonic Neuromodulation Causes Widespread Cortical Activation via an Indirect Auditory Mechanism. Neuron 2018; 98:1031-1041.e5. [PMID: 29804920 PMCID: PMC8127805 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound has received widespread attention as an emerging technology for targeted, non-invasive neuromodulation based on its ability to evoke electrophysiological and motor responses in animals. However, little is known about the spatiotemporal pattern of ultrasound-induced brain activity that could drive these responses. Here, we address this question by combining focused ultrasound with wide-field optical imaging of calcium signals in transgenic mice. Surprisingly, we find cortical activity patterns consistent with indirect activation of auditory pathways rather than direct neuromodulation at the ultrasound focus. Ultrasound-induced activity is similar to that evoked by audible sound. Furthermore, both ultrasound and audible sound elicit motor responses consistent with a startle reflex, with both responses reduced by chemical deafening. These findings reveal an indirect auditory mechanism for ultrasound-induced cortical activity and movement requiring careful consideration in future development of ultrasonic neuromodulation as a tool in neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Sato
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Doris Y Tsao
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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35
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Majumder S, Garamella J, Wang YL, DeNies M, Noireaux V, Liu AP. Cell-sized mechanosensitive and biosensing compartment programmed with DNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:7349-7352. [PMID: 28524182 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc03455e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bottom-up construction of cell-sized compartments programmed with DNA that are capable of sensing the chemical and physical environment remains challenging in synthetic cell engineering. Here, we construct mechanosensitive liposomes with biosensing capability by expressing the E. coli channel MscL and a calcium biosensor using cell-free expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagardip Majumder
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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36
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Soloperto A, Boccaccio A, Contestabile A, Moroni M, Hallinan GI, Palazzolo G, Chad J, Deinhardt K, Carugo D, Difato F. Mechano-sensitization of mammalian neuronal networks through expression of the bacterial large-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs210393. [PMID: 29361543 PMCID: PMC5897719 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.210393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of remote stimulation techniques for neuronal tissues represents a challenging goal. Among the potential methods, mechanical stimuli are the most promising vectors to convey information non-invasively into intact brain tissue. In this context, selective mechano-sensitization of neuronal circuits would pave the way to develop a new cell-type-specific stimulation approach. We report here, for the first time, the development and characterization of mechano-sensitized neuronal networks through the heterologous expression of an engineered bacterial large-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel (MscL). The neuronal functional expression of the MscL was validated through patch-clamp recordings upon application of calibrated suction pressures. Moreover, we verified the effective development of in-vitro neuronal networks expressing the engineered MscL in terms of cell survival, number of synaptic puncta and spontaneous network activity. The pure mechanosensitivity of the engineered MscL, with its wide genetic modification library, may represent a versatile tool to further develop a mechano-genetic approach.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Soloperto
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Boccaccio
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Contestabile
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Monica Moroni
- Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Grace I Hallinan
- Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Gemma Palazzolo
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - John Chad
- Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Katrin Deinhardt
- Biological Sciences and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Dario Carugo
- Faculty of Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Francesco Difato
- Neuroscience and Brain Technologies Dept., Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
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Mechanogenetics for the remote and noninvasive control of cancer immunotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:992-997. [PMID: 29343642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714900115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
While cell-based immunotherapy, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells, is becoming a paradigm-shifting therapeutic approach for cancer treatment, there is a lack of general methods to remotely and noninvasively regulate genetics in live mammalian cells and animals for cancer immunotherapy within confined local tissue space. To address this limitation, we have identified a mechanically sensitive Piezo1 ion channel (mechanosensor) that is activatable by ultrasound stimulation and integrated it with engineered genetic circuits (genetic transducer) in live HEK293T cells to convert the ultrasound-activated Piezo1 into transcriptional activities. We have further engineered the Jurkat T-cell line and primary T cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) to remotely sense the ultrasound wave and transduce it into transcriptional activation for the CAR expression to recognize and eradicate target tumor cells. This approach is modular and can be extended for remote-controlled activation of different cell types with high spatiotemporal precision for therapeutic applications.
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Sachs F. Mechanical Transduction and the Dark Energy of Biology. Biophys J 2018; 114:3-9. [PMID: 29320693 PMCID: PMC5984904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Bacteria represent one of the most evolutionarily successful groups of organisms to inhabit Earth. Their world is awash with mechanical cues, probably the most ancient form of which are osmotic forces. As a result, they have developed highly robust mechanosensors in the form of bacterial mechanosensitive (MS) channels. These channels are essential in osmoregulation, and in this setting, provide one of the simplest paradigms for the study of mechanosensory transduction. We explore the past, present, and future of bacterial MS channels, including the alternate mechanosensory roles that they may play in complex microbial communities. Central to all of these functions is their ability to change conformation in response to mechanical stimuli. We discuss their gating according to the force-from-lipids principle and its applicability to eukaryotic MS channels. This includes the new paradigms emerging for bilayer-mediated channel mechanosensitivity and how this molecular detail may provide advances in both industry and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles D Cox
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia; , , .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Navid Bavi
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia; , , .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Boris Martinac
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia; , , .,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
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40
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Piraner DI, Farhadi A, Davis HC, Wu D, Maresca D, Szablowski JO, Shapiro MG. Going Deeper: Biomolecular Tools for Acoustic and Magnetic Imaging and Control of Cellular Function. Biochemistry 2017; 56:5202-5209. [PMID: 28782927 PMCID: PMC6058970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Most cellular phenomena of interest to mammalian biology occur within the context of living tissues and organisms. However, today's most advanced tools for observing and manipulating cellular function, based on fluorescent or light-controlled proteins, work best in cultured cells, transparent model species, or small, surgically accessed anatomical regions. Their reach into deep tissues and larger animals is limited by photon scattering. To overcome this limitation, we must design biochemical tools that interface with more penetrant forms of energy. For example, sound waves and magnetic fields easily permeate most biological tissues, allowing the formation of images and delivery of energy for actuation. These capabilities are widely used in clinical techniques such as diagnostic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, focused ultrasound ablation, and magnetic particle hyperthermia. Each of these modalities offers spatial and temporal precision that could be used to study a multitude of cellular processes in vivo. However, connecting these techniques to cellular functions such as gene expression, proliferation, migration, and signaling requires the development of new biochemical tools that can interact with sound waves and magnetic fields as optogenetic tools interact with photons. Here, we discuss the exciting challenges this poses for biomolecular engineering and provide examples of recent advances pointing the way to greater depth in in vivo cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan I. Piraner
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Arash Farhadi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Hunter C. Davis
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Di Wu
- Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - David Maresca
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Jerzy O. Szablowski
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Mikhail G. Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Abstract
Osmosensory neurons are specialized cells activated by increases in blood osmolality to trigger thirst, secretion of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin, and elevated sympathetic tone during dehydration. In addition to multiple extrinsic factors modulating their activity, osmosensory neurons are intrinsically osmosensitive, as they are activated by increased osmolality in the absence of neighboring cells or synaptic contacts. This intrinsic osmosensitivity is a mechanical process associated with osmolality-induced changes in cell volume. This review summarises recent findings revealing molecular mechanisms underlying the mechanical activation of osmosensory neurons and highlighting important roles of microtubules, actin, and mechanosensitive ion channels in this process.
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Maneshi MM, Maki B, Gnanasambandam R, Belin S, Popescu GK, Sachs F, Hua SZ. Mechanical stress activates NMDA receptors in the absence of agonists. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39610. [PMID: 28045032 PMCID: PMC5206744 DOI: 10.1038/srep39610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While studying the physiological response of primary rat astrocytes to fluid shear stress in a model of traumatic brain injury (TBI), we found that shear stress induced Ca2+ entry. The influx was inhibited by MK-801, a specific pore blocker of N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) channels, and this occurred in the absence of agonists. Other NMDA open channel blockers ketamine and memantine showed a similar effect. The competitive glutamate antagonists AP5 and GluN2B-selective inhibitor ifenprodil reduced NMDA-activated currents, but had no effect on the mechanically induced Ca2+ influx. Extracellular Mg2+ at 2 mM did not significantly affect the shear induced Ca2+ influx, but at 10 mM it produced significant inhibition. Patch clamp experiments showed mechanical activation of NMDAR and inhibition by MK-801. The mechanical sensitivity of NMDARs may play a role in the normal physiology of fluid flow in the glymphatic system and it has obvious relevance to TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Maneshi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Bruce Maki
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | | | - Sophie Belin
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Gabriela K. Popescu
- Department of Biochemistry, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Frederick Sachs
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
| | - Susan Z. Hua
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
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43
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Lee LM, Lee JW, Chase D, Gebrezgiabhier D, Liu AP. Development of an advanced microfluidic micropipette aspiration device for single cell mechanics studies. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:054105. [PMID: 27703591 PMCID: PMC5035296 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Various micro-engineered tools or platforms have been developed recently for cell mechanics studies based on acoustic, magnetic, and optical actuations. Compared with other techniques for single cell manipulations, microfluidics has the advantages with simple working principles and device implementations. In this work, we develop a multi-layer microfluidic pipette aspiration device integrated with pneumatically actuated microfluidic control valves. This configuration enables decoupling of cell trapping and aspiration, and hence causes less mechanical perturbation on trapped single cells before aspiration. A high trapping efficiency is achieved by the microfluidic channel design based on fluid resistance model and deterministic microfluidics. Compared to conventional micropipette aspiration, the suction pressure applied on the aspirating cells is highly stable due to the viscous nature of low Reynolds number flow. As a proof-of-concept of this novel microfluidic technology, we built a microfluidic pipette aspiration device with 2 × 13 trapping arrays and used this device to measure the stiffness of a human breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, through the observation of cell deformations during aspiration. As a comparison, we studied the effect of Taxol, a FDA-approved anticancer drug on single cancer cell stiffness. We found that cancer cells treated with Taxol were less deformable with a higher Young's modulus. The multi-layer microfluidic pipette aspiration device is a scalable technology for single cell mechanophenotyping studies and drug discovery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lap Man Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jin Woo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Danielle Chase
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota , Twin Cities, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Daniel Gebrezgiabhier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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44
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Liu AP. Biophysical Tools for Cellular and Subcellular Mechanical Actuation of Cell Signaling. Biophys J 2016; 111:1112-1118. [PMID: 27456131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to spatially control cell signaling can help resolve fundamental biological questions. Optogenetic and chemical dimerization techniques along with fluorescent biosensors to report cell signaling activities have enabled researchers to both visualize and perturb biochemistry in living cells. A number of approaches based on mechanical actuation using force-field gradients have emerged as complementary technologies to manipulate cell signaling in real time. This review covers several technologies, including optical, magnetic, and acoustic control of cell signaling and behavior and highlights some studies that have led to novel insights. I will also discuss some future direction on repurposing mechanosensitive channel for mechanical actuation of spatial cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen P Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Ye PP, Brown JR, Pauly KB. Frequency Dependence of Ultrasound Neurostimulation in the Mouse Brain. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:1512-30. [PMID: 27090861 PMCID: PMC4899295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound neuromodulation holds promise as a non-invasive technique for neuromodulation of the central nervous system. However, much remains to be determined about how the technique can be transformed into a useful technology, including the effect of ultrasound frequency. Previous studies have demonstrated neuromodulation in vivo using frequencies <1 MHz, with a trend toward improved efficacy with lower frequency. However, using higher frequencies could offer improved ultrasound spatial resolution. We investigate the ultrasound neuromodulation effects in mice at various frequencies both below and above 1 MHz. We find that frequencies up to 2.9 MHz can still be effective for generating motor responses, but we also confirm that as frequency increases, sonications require significantly more intensity to achieve equivalent efficacy. We argue that our results provide evidence that favors either a particle displacement or a cavitation-based mechanism for the phenomenon of ultrasound neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julian R Brown
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kim Butts Pauly
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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Chen D, Sun Y, Deng CX, Fu J. Improving survival of disassociated human embryonic stem cells by mechanical stimulation using acoustic tweezing cytometry. Biophys J 2016; 108:1315-1317. [PMID: 25809245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissociation-induced apoptosis of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hampers their large-scale culture. Herein we leveraged the mechanosensitivity of hESCs and employed, to our knowledge, a novel technique, acoustic tweezing cytometry (ATC), for subcellular mechanical stimulation of disassociated single hESCs to improve their survival. By acoustically actuating integrin-bound microbubbles (MBs) to live cells, ATC increased the survival rate and cloning efficiency of hESCs by threefold. A positive correlation was observed between the increased hESC survival rate and total accumulative displacement of integrin-anchored MBs during ATC stimulation. ATC may serve as a promising biocompatible tool to improve hESC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yubing Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Cheri X Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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47
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Abstract
A multiscale continuum model is constructed for a mechanosensitive (MS) channel gated by tension in a lipid bilayer membrane under stresses due to fluid flows. We illustrate that for typical physiological conditions vesicle hydrodynamics driven by a fluid flow may render the membrane tension sufficiently large to gate a MS channel open. In particular, we focus on the dynamic opening/closing of a MS channel in a vesicle membrane under a planar shear flow and a pressure-driven flow across a constriction channel. Our modeling and numerical simulation results quantify the critical flow strength or flow channel geometry for intracellular transport through a MS channel. In particular, we determine the percentage of MS channels that are open or closed as a function of the relevant measure of flow strength. The modeling and simulation results imply that for fluid flows that are physiologically relevant and realizable in microfluidic configurations stress-induced intracellular transport across the lipid membrane can be achieved by the gating of reconstituted MS channels, which can be useful for designing drug delivery in medical therapy and understanding complicated mechanotransduction.
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48
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Abstract
The sense of touch informs us of the physical properties of our surroundings and is a critical aspect of communication. Before touches are perceived, mechanical signals are transmitted quickly and reliably from the skin's surface to mechano-electrical transduction channels embedded within specialized sensory neurons. We are just beginning to understand how soft tissues participate in force transmission and how they are deformed. Here, we review empirical and theoretical studies of single molecules and molecular ensembles thought to be involved in mechanotransmission and apply the concepts emerging from this work to the sense of touch. We focus on the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as a well-studied model for touch sensation in which mechanics can be studied on the molecular, cellular, and systems level. Finally, we conclude that force transmission is an emergent property of macromolecular cellular structures that mutually stabilize one another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Krieg
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alex Dunn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Miriam B. Goodman
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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49
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Lee LM, Liu AP. A microfluidic pipette array for mechanophenotyping of cancer cells and mechanical gating of mechanosensitive channels. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:264-73. [PMID: 25361042 PMCID: PMC4256121 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01218f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Micropipette aspiration measures the mechanical properties of single cells. A traditional micropipette aspiration system requires a bulky infrastructure and has a low throughput and limited potential for automation. We have developed a simple microfluidic device which is able to trap and apply pressure to single cells in designated aspiration arrays. By changing the volume flow rate using a syringe pump, we can accurately exert a pressure difference across the trapped cells for pipette aspiration. By examining cell deformation and protrusion length into the pipette under an optical microscope, several important cell mechanical properties, such as the cortical tension and the Young's modulus, can be measured quantitatively using automated image analysis. Using the microfluidic pipette array, the stiffness of breast cancer cells and healthy breast epithelial cells was measured and compared. Finally, we applied our device to examine the gating threshold of the mechanosensitive channel MscL expressed in mammalian cells. Together, the development of a microfluidic pipette array could enable rapid mechanophenotyping of individual cells and for mechanotransduction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lap Man Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
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