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Zhang X, Li Y, Cao Y, Wu Y, Cheng G. The Role of Noncoding RNA in the Transmission and Pathogenicity of Flaviviruses. Viruses 2024; 16:242. [PMID: 38400018 PMCID: PMC10892091 DOI: 10.3390/v16020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute a class of RNA molecules that lack protein-coding capacity. ncRNAs frequently modulate gene expression through specific interactions with target proteins or messenger RNAs, thereby playing integral roles in a wide array of cellular processes. The Flavivirus genus comprises several significant members, such as dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and yellow fever virus (YFV), which have caused global outbreaks, resulting in high morbidity and mortality in human populations. The life cycle of arthropod-borne flaviviruses encompasses their transmission between hematophagous insect vectors and mammalian hosts. During this process, a complex three-way interplay occurs among the pathogen, vector, and host, with ncRNAs exerting a critical regulatory influence. ncRNAs not only constitute a crucial regulatory mechanism that has emerged from the coevolution of viruses and their hosts but also hold potential as antiviral targets for controlling flavivirus epidemics. This review introduces the biogenesis of flavivirus-derived ncRNAs and summarizes the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in viral replication, vector-mediated viral transmission, antiviral innate immunity, and viral pathogenicity. A profound comprehension of the interplay between ncRNAs and flaviviruses will help formulate efficacious prophylactic and therapeutic strategies against flavivirus-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yuhan Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Y.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yingyi Cao
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Y.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Ying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Institute of Medical Virology, TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Gong Cheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (Y.L.); (Y.C.)
- Institute of Pathogenic Organisms, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Southwest United Graduate School, Kunming 650092, China
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2
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Côrtes N, Lira A, Prates-Syed W, Dinis Silva J, Vuitika L, Cabral-Miranda W, Durães-Carvalho R, Balan A, Cabral-Marques O, Cabral-Miranda G. Integrated control strategies for dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya virus infections. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1281667. [PMID: 38196945 PMCID: PMC10775689 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1281667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses are a major threat to public health in tropical regions, encompassing over 534 distinct species, with 134 capable of causing diseases in humans. These viruses are transmitted through arthropod vectors that cause symptoms such as fever, headache, joint pains, and rash, in addition to more serious cases that can lead to death. Among the arboviruses, dengue virus stands out as the most prevalent, annually affecting approximately 16.2 million individuals solely in the Americas. Furthermore, the re-emergence of the Zika virus and the recurrent outbreaks of chikungunya in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas, with one million cases reported annually, underscore the urgency of addressing this public health challenge. In this manuscript we discuss the epidemiology, viral structure, pathogenicity and integrated control strategies to combat arboviruses, and the most used tools, such as vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, treatment, etc., in addition to presenting future perspectives for the control of arboviruses. Currently, specific medications for treating arbovirus infections are lacking, and symptom management remains the primary approach. However, promising advancements have been made in certain treatments, such as Chloroquine, Niclosamide, and Isatin derivatives, which have demonstrated notable antiviral properties against these arboviruses in vitro and in vivo experiments. Additionally, various strategies within vector control approaches have shown significant promise in reducing arbovirus transmission rates. These encompass public education initiatives, targeted insecticide applications, and innovative approaches like manipulating mosquito bacterial symbionts, such as Wolbachia. In conclusion, combatting the global threat of arbovirus diseases needs a comprehensive approach integrating antiviral research, vaccination, and vector control. The continued efforts of research communities, alongside collaborative partnerships with public health authorities, are imperative to effectively address and mitigate the impact of these arboviral infections on public health worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Côrtes
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the University of São Paulo, the Butantan Institute and the Technological Research Institute of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Lira
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the University of São Paulo, the Butantan Institute and the Technological Research Institute of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wasim Prates-Syed
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the University of São Paulo, the Butantan Institute and the Technological Research Institute of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Dinis Silva
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Graduate Program in Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Vuitika
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Durães-Carvalho
- São Paulo School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Balan
- The Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the University of São Paulo, the Butantan Institute and the Technological Research Institute of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Applied Structural Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otavio Cabral-Marques
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Graduate Program in Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology of the University of São Paulo, the Butantan Institute and the Technological Research Institute of the State of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- The Graduate Program in Pathophysiology and Toxicology, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Periferakis A, Periferakis AT, Troumpata L, Periferakis K, Scheau AE, Savulescu-Fiedler I, Caruntu A, Badarau IA, Caruntu C, Scheau C. Kaempferol: A Review of Current Evidence of Its Antiviral Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16299. [PMID: 38003488 PMCID: PMC10671393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol and its derivatives are flavonoids found in various plants, and a considerable number of these have been used in various medical applications worldwide. Kaempferol and its compounds have well-known antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties among other health benefits. However, the antiviral properties of kaempferol are notable, and there is a significant number of experimental studies on this topic. Kaempferol compounds were effective against DNA viruses such as hepatitis B virus, viruses of the alphaherpesvirinae family, African swine fever virus, and pseudorabies virus; they were also effective against RNA viruses, namely feline SARS coronavirus, dengue fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, influenza virus, enterovirus 71, poliovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human immunodeficiency virus, calicivirus, and chikungunya virus. On the other hand, no effectiveness against murine norovirus and hepatitis A virus could be determined. The antiviral action mechanisms of kaempferol compounds are various, such as the inhibition of viral polymerases and of viral attachment and entry into host cells. Future research should be focused on further elucidating the antiviral properties of kaempferol compounds from different plants and assessing their potential use to complement the action of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elkyda, Research & Education Centre of Charismatheia, 17675 Athens, Greece
| | - Lamprini Troumpata
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Konstantinos Periferakis
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
- Pan-Hellenic Organization of Educational Programs (P.O.E.P), 17236 Athens, Greece
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Savulescu-Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Coltea Clinical Hospital, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, “Prof. N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, “Foisor” Clinical Hospital of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Osteoarticular TB, 021382 Bucharest, Romania
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Jain S, Vimal N, Angmo N, Sengupta M, Thangaraj S. Dengue Vaccination: Towards a New Dawn of Curbing Dengue Infection. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:1096-1149. [PMID: 37962036 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2280698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is an infectious disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) and is a serious global burden. Antibody-dependent enhancement and the ability of DENV to infect immune cells, along with other factors, lead to fatal Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome. This necessitates the development of a robust and efficient vaccine but vaccine development faces a number of hurdles. In this review, we look at the epidemiology, genome structure and cellular targets of DENV and elaborate upon the immune responses generated by human immune system against DENV infection. The review further sheds light on various challenges in development of a potent vaccine against DENV which is followed by presenting a current account of different vaccines which are being developed or have been licensed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidhant Jain
- Independent Researcher, Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Rewari, India
| | - Neha Vimal
- Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nilza Angmo
- Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Madhumita Sengupta
- Janki Devi Bajaj Government Girls College, University of Kota, Kota, India
| | - Suraj Thangaraj
- Swami Ramanand Teerth Rural Government Medical College, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Ambajogai, India
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Yang H, Ma D, Li Q, Zhou W, Chen H, Shan X, Zheng H, Luo C, Ou Z, Xu J, Wang C, Zhao L, Su R, Chen Y, Liu Q, Tan X, Lin L, Jiang T, Zhang F. Real-World Study on Chai-Shi-Jie-Du Granules for the Treatment of Dengue Fever and the Possible Mechanisms Based on Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:9942842. [PMID: 37680700 PMCID: PMC10482559 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9942842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a widely used method for treating dengue fever in China. TCM improves the symptoms of patients with dengue, but there is no standard TCM prescription for dengue fever. This real-world study aimed to evaluate the effects of Chai-Shi-Jie-Du (CSJD) granules for the treatment of dengue fever and the underlying mechanisms. Methods We implemented a multicenter real-world study, an in vitro assay and network pharmacology analysis. Patients from 5 hospitals in mainland China who received supportive western treatment in the absence or presence of CSJD were assigned to the control and CSJD groups between 1 August and 31 December 2019. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to correct for biases between groups. The clinical data were compared and analyzed. The antidengue virus activity of CSJD was tested in Syrian baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells using the DENV2-NGC strain. Network pharmacological approaches along with active compound screening, target prediction, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results 137 pairs of patients were successfully matched according to age, sex, and the time from onset to presentation. The time to defervescence (1.7 days vs. 2.5 days, P < 0.05) and the disease course (4.1 days vs. 6.1 days, P < 0.05) were significantly shorter in the CSJD group than those in the control group. CSJD showed no anti-DENV2-NGC virus activity in BHK cells. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 108 potential therapeutic targets, and the top GO and KEGG terms were related to immunity, oxidative stress response, and the response to lipopolysaccharide. Conclusions CSJD granules exhibit high potential for the treatment of dengue fever, and the therapeutic mechanisms involved could be related to regulating immunity, moderating the oxidative stress response, and the response to lipopolysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Yang
- Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Dehong Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The People's Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, Xishuangbanna 666100, Yunnan, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian, China
| | - Hongyi Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Ninth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330002, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiyun Shan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The People's Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture, Xishuangbanna 666100, Yunnan, China
| | - Haipeng Zheng
- Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Chun Luo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyue Ou
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Jielan Xu
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Changtai Wang
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingzhai Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Su
- Scientific Research Department, Capital Medical University Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Yuehong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, AMMS, Beijing100071, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Scientific Research Department, Capital Medical University Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xinghua Tan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Luping Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, AMMS, Beijing100071, China
| | - Fuchun Zhang
- Infectious Disease Center, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510440, Guangdong, China
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6
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Ziganshina MM, Shilova NV, Khalturina EO, Dolgushina NV, V Borisevich S, Yarotskaya EL, Bovin NV, Sukhikh GT. Antibody-Dependent Enhancement with a Focus on SARS-CoV-2 and Anti-Glycan Antibodies. Viruses 2023; 15:1584. [PMID: 37515270 PMCID: PMC10384250 DOI: 10.3390/v15071584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon where virus-specific antibodies paradoxically cause enhanced viral replication and/or excessive immune responses, leading to infection exacerbation, tissue damage, and multiple organ failure. ADE has been observed in many viral infections and is supposed to complicate the course of COVID-19. However, the evidence is insufficient. Since no specific laboratory markers have been described, the prediction and confirmation of ADE are very challenging. The only possible predictor is the presence of already existing (after previous infection) antibodies that can bind to viral epitopes and promote the disease enhancement. At the same time, the virus-specific antibodies are also a part of immune response against a pathogen. These opposite effects of antibodies make ADE research controversial. The assignment of immunoglobulins to ADE-associated or virus neutralizing is based on their affinity, avidity, and content in blood. However, these criteria are not clearly defined. Another debatable issue (rather terminological, but no less important) is that in most publications about ADE, all immunoglobulins produced by the immune system against pathogens are qualified as pre-existing antibodies, thus ignoring the conventional use of this term for natural antibodies produced without any stimulation by pathogens. Anti-glycan antibodies (AGA) make up a significant part of the natural immunoglobulins pool, and there is some evidence of their antiviral effect, particularly in COVID-19. AGA have been shown to be involved in ADE in bacterial infections, but their role in the development of ADE in viral infections has not been studied. This review focuses on pros and cons for AGA as an ADE trigger. We also present the results of our pilot studies, suggesting that AGAs, which bind to complex epitopes (glycan plus something else in tight proximity), may be involved in the development of the ADE phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina M Ziganshina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V Shilova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenia O Khalturina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalya V Dolgushina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina L Yarotskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolai V Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady T Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Oparina Street 4, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Ribeiro YP, Falcão LFM, Smith VC, de Sousa JR, Pagliari C, Franco ECS, Cruz ACR, Chiang JO, Martins LC, Nunes JAL, Vilacoert FSDS, Santos LCD, Furlaneto MP, Fuzii HT, Bertonsin Filho MV, da Costa LD, Duarte MIS, Furlaneto IP, Martins Filho AJ, Aarão TLDS, Vasconcelos PFDC, Quaresma JAS. Comparative Analysis of Human Hepatic Lesions in Dengue, Yellow Fever, and Chikungunya: Revisiting Histopathological Changes in the Light of Modern Knowledge of Cell Pathology. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12050680. [PMID: 37242350 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses, such as yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue virus (DENV), and chikungunya virus (CHIKV), present wide global dissemination and a pathogenic profile developed in infected individuals, from non-specific clinical conditions to severe forms, characterised by the promotion of significant lesions in different organs of the harbourer, culminating in multiple organ dysfunction. An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out via the histopathological analysis of 70 samples of liver patients, collected between 2000 and 2017, with confirmed laboratory diagnoses, who died due to infection and complications due to yellow fever (YF), dengue fever (DF), and chikungunya fever (CF), to characterise, quantify, and compare the patterns of histopathological alterations in the liver between the samples. Of the histopathological findings in the human liver samples, there was a significant difference between the control and infection groups, with a predominance of alterations in the midzonal area of the three cases analysed. Hepatic involvement in cases of YF showed a greater intensity of histopathological changes. Among the alterations evaluated, cell swelling, microvesicular steatosis, and apoptosis were classified according to the degree of tissue damage from severe to very severe. Pathological abnormalities associated with YFV, DENV, and CHIKV infections showed a predominance of changes in the midzonal area. We also noted that, among the arboviruses studied, liver involvement in cases of YFV infection was more intense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Pacheco Ribeiro
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fabio Magno Falcão
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cavaleiro Smith
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Jorge Rodrigues de Sousa
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | - Carla Pagliari
- School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Janniffer Oliveira Chiang
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Livia Carício Martins
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Juliana Abreu Lima Nunes
- Section of Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Lais Carneiro Dos Santos
- Section of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Hellen Thais Fuzii
- Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66055-240, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Luccas Delgado da Costa
- Section of Pathology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ministry of Health, Ananindeua 67030-000, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Ismari Perini Furlaneto
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences, State University of Pará, Belém 66087-662, PA, Brazil
- School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
- Tropical Medicine Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66055-240, PA, Brazil
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8
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Chen WC, Hossen M, Liu W, Yen CH, Huang CH, Hsu YC, Lee JC. Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Inhibit Replication of the Dengue Virus by Targeting NF-kB and MAPK-Mediated Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040884. [PMID: 37112864 PMCID: PMC10140912 DOI: 10.3390/v15040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a serious global health issue as it causes severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Since no approved therapies are available to treat DENV infection, it is necessary to develop new agents or supplements that can do this. In this study, grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE), which is widely consumed as a dietary supplement, dose-dependently suppressed the replication of four DENV serotypes. The inhibitory mechanism demonstrated that GSPE downregulated DENV-induced aberrant cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, revealing that the inhibitory effect of the GSPE on DENV replication involved targeting DENV-induced COX-2 expression. Mechanistic studies on signaling regulation have demonstrated that GSPE significantly reduced COX-2 expression by inactivating NF-κB and ERK/P38 MAPK signaling activities. Administrating GSPE to DENV-infected suckling mice reduced virus replication, mortality, and monocyte infiltration of the brain. In addition, GSPE substantially reduced the expression of DENV-induced inflammatory cytokines associated with severe dengue disease, including tumor necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide synthase, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8, suggesting that GSPE has potential as a dietary supplement to attenuate DENV infection and severe dengue.
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Shih HI, Chi CY, Tsai PF, Wang YP, Chien YW. Re-examination of the risk of autoimmune diseases after dengue virus infection: A population-based cohort study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011127. [PMID: 36881559 PMCID: PMC9990932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that dengue was associated with an increased risk of several autoimmune diseases. However, this association still needs to be explored due to the limitations of these studies. A population-based cohort study was conducted using national health databases in Taiwan and included 63,814 newly diagnosed, laboratory-confirmed dengue patients between 2002 and 2015 and 1:4 controls (n = 255,256) matched by age, sex, area of residence and symptom onset time. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to investigate the risk of autoimmune diseases after dengue infection. Dengue patients had a slightly higher risk of overall autoimmune diseases than non-dengue controls (aHR 1.16; P = 0.0002). Stratified analyses by specific autoimmune diseases showed that only autoimmune encephalomyelitis remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (aHR 2.72; P < 0.0001). Sixteen (0.025%) dengue patients and no (0%) controls developed autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the first month of follow-up (HR >9999, P < 0.0001), but the risk between groups was not significantly different thereafter. Contrary to previous studies, our findings showed that dengue was associated with an increased short-term risk of a rare complication, autoimmune encephalomyelitis, but not associated with other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Shih
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Chi
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Tsai
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ping Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chien
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Zerfu B, Kassa T, Legesse M. Epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection, and its trend in Ethiopia: a comprehensive literature review. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:11. [PMID: 36829222 PMCID: PMC9950709 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a dengue virus infection, emerging rapidly and posing public health threat worldwide, primarily in tropical and subtropical countries. Nearly half of the world's population is now at risk of contracting the dengue virus, including new countries with no previous history-like Ethiopia. However, little is known about the epidemiology and impact of the disease in different countries. This is especially true in countries, where cases have recently begun to be reported. This review aims to summarize epidemiology, biology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of dengue virus infection and its trend in Ethiopia. It may help countries, where dengue fever is not yet on the public health list-like Ethiopia to alert healthcare workers to consider the disease for diagnosis and treatment. The review retrieved and incorporated 139 published and organizational reports showing approximately 390 million new infections. About 100 million of these infections develop the clinical features of dengue, and thousands of people die annually from severe dengue fever in 129 countries. It is caused by being bitten by a dengue virus-infected female mosquito, primarily Aedes aegypti and, lesser, Ae. albopictus. Dengue virus is a member of the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family and has four independent but antigen-related single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus serotypes. The infection is usually asymptomatic but causes illnesses ranging from mild febrile illness to fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome. Diagnosis can be by detecting the virus genome using nucleic acids amplification tests or testing NS1 antigen and/or anti-dengue antibodies from serum, plasma, circulating blood cells, or other tissues. Dengue cases and outbreaks have increased in recent decades, with a significant public health impact. Ethiopia has had nearly annual outbreaks since 2013, devastating an already fragmented health system and economy. Standardization of medication, population-level screening for early diagnosis and prompt treatment, and minimization of mosquito bites reduce overall infection and mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Zerfu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. .,Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Tesfu Kassa
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mengistu Legesse
- grid.7123.70000 0001 1250 5688Aklilu Lema Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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11
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Zeyaullah M, Muzammil K, AlShahrani AM, Khan N, Ahmad I, Alam MS, Ahmad R, Khan WH. Preparedness for the Dengue Epidemic: Vaccine as a Viable Approach. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1940. [PMID: 36423035 PMCID: PMC9697487 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is one of the significant fatal mosquito-borne viral diseases and is considered to be a worldwide problem. Aedes mosquito is responsible for transmitting various serotypes of dengue viruses to humans. Dengue incidence has developed prominently throughout the world in the last ten years. The exact number of dengue cases is underestimated, whereas plenty of cases are misdiagnosed as alternative febrile sicknesses. There is an estimation that about 390 million dengue cases occur annually. Dengue fever encompasses a wide range of clinical presentations, usually with undefinable clinical progression and outcome. The diagnosis of dengue depends on serology tests, molecular diagnostic methods, and antigen detection tests. The therapeutic approach relies completely on supplemental drugs, which is far from the real approach. Vaccines for dengue disease are in various stages of development. The commercial formulation Dengvaxia (CYD-TDV) is accessible and developed by Sanofi Pasteur. The vaccine candidate Dengvaxia was inefficient in liberating a stabilized immune reaction toward different serotypes (1-4) of dengue fever. Numerous promising vaccine candidates are now being developed in preclinical and clinical stages even though different serotypes of DENV exist that worsen the situation for a vaccine to be equally effective for all serotypes. Thus, the development of an efficient dengue fever vaccine candidate requires time. Effective dengue fever management can be a multidisciplinary challenge, involving international cooperation from diverse perspectives and expertise to resolve this global concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Zeyaullah
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khursheed Muzammil
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. AlShahrani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Khamis Mushayt Campus, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nida Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62561, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Shane Alam
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Razi Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Wajihul H. Khan
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi 110029, India
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12
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Sousa SCD, Silva TAMD, Soares AN, Carneiro M, Barbosa DS, Bezerra JMT. Factors associated with deaths from dengue in a city in a metropolitan region in Southeastern Brazil: a case-control study. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e0043. [PMID: 36169487 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0043-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is a public health problem in Brazil. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze factors associated with deaths from dengue in residents of the municipality of Contagem, Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the 2016 epidemic. METHODS To determine the factors associated with deaths due to dengue, we used a logistic regression model (univariate and multivariable) in which the response variable (outcome) was death due to dengue. Independent variables analyzed included demographic variables and those related to symptoms, treatment, hospitalization, testing, comorbidities, and case history. RESULTS The factors associated with dengue deaths in the final multivariable model [p < 0.05; 95% confidence interval (CI)] were age (OR = 1.07; 95%CI 1.03-1.11) and presence of bleeding (OR = 8.55; 95%CI 1.21-59.92). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that age and the presence of bleeding factors increased the risk of dengue death. These findings indicate that warning signs of dengue should be routinely monitored, and patients should be instructed to seek medical attention when they occur. It is also emphasized that the parameters and epidemiological conditions of dengue patients need to be continuously investigated to avoid a fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Costa de Sousa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Aleida Nazareth Soares
- Faculdade Santa Casa BH, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Medicina-Biomedicina, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mariângela Carneiro
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Ouro Preto, MG, Brasil
| | - David Soeiro Barbosa
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Centro de Estudos Superiores de Lago da Pedra, Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas, Lago da Pedra, MA, Brasil.,Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, São Luís, MA, Brasil
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13
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Mao ZQ, Minakawa N, Moi ML. Novel Antiviral Efficacy of Hedyotis diffusa and Artemisia capillaris Extracts against Dengue Virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, and Zika Virus Infection and Immunoregulatory Cytokine Signatures. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192589. [PMID: 36235456 PMCID: PMC9571899 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are no specific therapeutics for flavivirus infections, including dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). In this study, we evaluated extracts from the plants Hedyotis diffusa (HD) and Artemisia capillaris (AC) to determine the antiviral activity against DENV, ZIKV, and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). HD and AC demonstrated inhibitory activity against JEV, ZIKV, and DENV replication and reduced viral RNA levels in a dose-responsive manner, with non-cytotoxic concentration ranging from 0.1 to 10 mg/mL. HD and AC had low cytotoxicity to Vero cells, with CC50 values of 33.7 ± 1.6 and 30.3 ± 1.7 mg/mL (mean ± SD), respectively. The anti-flavivirus activity of HD and AC was also consistent in human cell lines, including human glioblastoma (T98G), human chronic myeloid leukemia (K562), and human embryonic kidney (HEK-293T) cells. Viral-infected, HD-treated cells demonstrated downregulation of cytokines including CCR1, CCL26, CCL15, CCL5, IL21, and IL17C. In contrast, CCR1, CCL26, and AIMP1 were elevated following AC treatment in viral-infected cells. Overall, HD and AC plant extracts demonstrated flavivirus replication inhibitory activity, and together with immunoregulatory cytokine signatures, these results suggest that HD and AC possess bioactive compounds that may further be refined as promising candidates for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Qiu Mao
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Noboru Minakawa
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Meng Ling Moi
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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14
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Islam A, Cockcroft C, Elshazly S, Ahmed J, Joyce K, Mahfuz H, Islam T, Rashid H, Laher I. Coagulopathy of Dengue and COVID-19: Clinical Considerations. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7090210. [PMID: 36136621 PMCID: PMC9500638 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7090210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction commonly occur in both dengue and COVID-19 and are related to clinical outcomes. Coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways are activated during an acute dengue infection, and endothelial dysfunction is observed in severe dengue. On the other hand, COVID-19 is characterised by a high prevalence of thrombotic complications, where bleeding is rare and occurs only in advanced stages of critical illness; here thrombin is the central mediator that activates endothelial cells, and elicits a pro-inflammatory reaction followed by platelet aggregation. Serological cross-reactivity may occur between COVID-19 and dengue infection. An important management aspect of COVID-19-induced immunothrombosis associated with thrombocytopenia is anticoagulation with or without aspirin. In contrast, the use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anticoagulants is contraindicated in dengue. Mild to moderate dengue infections are treated with supportive therapy and paracetamol for fever. Severe infection such as dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome often require escalation to higher levels of support in a critical care facility. The role of therapeutic platelet transfusion is equivocal and should not be routinely used in patients with dengue with thrombocytopaenia and mild bleeding. The use of prophylactic platelet transfusion in dengue fever has strained financial and healthcare systems in endemic areas, together with risks of transfusion-transmitted infections in low- and middle-income countries. There is a clear research gap in the management of dengue with significant bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Islam
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
- Department of Haematology, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 3NS, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher Cockcroft
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Shereen Elshazly
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
- Adult Haemato-Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Javeed Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Kevin Joyce
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Huque Mahfuz
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh
| | - Tasbirul Islam
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Indiana School of Medicine, Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Harunor Rashid
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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15
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Callahan M, Treston AM, Lin G, Smith M, Kaufman B, Khaliq M, Evans DeWald L, Spurgers K, Warfield KL, Lowe P, Duchars M, Sampath A, Ramstedt U. Randomized single oral dose phase 1 study of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of Iminosugar UV-4 Hydrochloride (UV-4B) in healthy subjects. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010636. [PMID: 35939501 PMCID: PMC9387934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
UV-4 (N-(9’-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin, also called MON-DNJ) is an iminosugar small-molecule oral drug candidate with in vitro antiviral activity against diverse viruses including dengue, influenza, and filoviruses and demonstrated in vivo efficacy against both dengue and influenza viruses. The antiviral mechanism of action of UV-4 is through inhibition of the host endoplasmic reticulum-resident α-glucosidase 1 and α-glucosidase 2 enzymes. This inhibition prevents proper glycan processing and folding of virus glycoproteins, thereby impacting virus assembly, secretion, and the fitness of nascent virions.
Methodology/Principal findings
Here we report a first-in-human, single ascending dose Phase 1a study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of UV-4 hydrochloride (UV-4B) in healthy subjects (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02061358). Sixty-four subjects received single oral doses of UV-4 as the hydrochloride salt equivalent to 3, 10, 30, 90, 180, 360, 720, or 1000 mg of UV-4 (6 subjects per cohort), or placebo (2 subjects per cohort). Single doses of UV-4 hydrochloride were well tolerated with no serious adverse events or dose-dependent increases in adverse events observed. Clinical laboratory results, vital signs, and physical examination data did not reveal any safety signals. Dose-limiting toxicity was not observed; the maximum tolerated dose of UV-4 hydrochloride in humans has not yet been determined (>1000 mg). UV-4 was rapidly absorbed and distributed after dosing with the oral solution formulation used in this study. Median time to reach maximum plasma concentration ranged from 0.5–1 hour and appeared to be independent of dose. Exposure increased approximately in proportion with dose over the 333-fold dose range. UV-4 was quantifiable in pooled urine over the entire collection interval for all doses.
Conclusions/Significance
UV-4 is a host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate. At doses in humans up to 1000 mg there were no serious adverse events reported and no subjects were withdrawn from the study due to treatment-emergent adverse events. These data suggest that therapeutically relevant drug levels of UV-4 can be safely administered to humans and support further clinical development of UV-4 hydrochloride or other candidate antivirals in the iminosugar class.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02061358 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02061358.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Callahan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anthony M. Treston
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Grace Lin
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marla Smith
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brian Kaufman
- AbViro, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mansoora Khaliq
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lisa Evans DeWald
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kevin Spurgers
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly L. Warfield
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Preeya Lowe
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Duchars
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Aruna Sampath
- Emergent BioSolutions Inc, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
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16
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Chen WC, Huang CH, Liu W, Lee JC. Sulforaphane suppresses dengue virus replication by inhibition of dengue protease and enhancement of antiviral interferon response through Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 induction. Antiviral Res 2022; 207:105400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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17
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Du Pont KE, McCullagh M, Geiss BJ. Conserved motifs in the flavivirus NS3 RNA helicase enzyme. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2022; 13:e1688. [PMID: 34472205 PMCID: PMC8888775 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Flaviviruses are a major health concern because over half of the world population is at risk of infection and there are very few antiviral therapeutics to treat diseases resulting from infection. Replication is an essential part of the flavivirus survival. One of the viral proteins, NS3 helicase, is critical for unwinding the double stranded RNA intermediate during flaviviral replication. The helicase performs the unwinding of the viral RNA intermediate structure in an ATP-dependent manner. NS3 helicase is a member of the Viral/DEAH-like subfamily of the superfamily 2 helicase containing eight highly conserved structural motifs (I, Ia, II, III, IV, IVa, V, and VI) localized between the ATP-binding and RNA-binding pockets. Of these structural motifs only three are well characterized for function in flaviviruses (I, II, and VI). The roles of the other structural motifs are not well understood for NS3 helicase function, but comparison of NS3 with other superfamily 2 helicases within the viral/DEAH-like, DEAH/RHA, and DEAD-box subfamilies can be used to elucidate the roles of these structural motifs in the flavivirus NS3 helicase. This review aims to summarize the role of each conserved structural motif within flavivirus NS3 in RNA helicase function. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Du Pont
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Martin McCullagh
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Brian J. Geiss
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA,Arthropod-borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA,School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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18
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Sena MA, da Silva Castanha PM, Giles Guimarães AB, Oliveira PADS, da Silva MAL, Cordeiro MT, Moura P, Braga C, Vasconcelos LRS. Mannose-binding lectin levels and MBL2 gene polymorphisms are associated to dengue infection in Brazilian children at the early ages. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 117:212-219. [PMID: 35150914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mannose-binding lectin (MBL) plays an important role in innate immunity. Genetically determined variations in serum levels of MBL may influence the susceptibility and clinical outcome of dengue infection in early life. METHODS We investigated MBL2 gene polymorphisms and serum levels of MBL (total and functional) in children with asymptomatic (n=17) and symptomatic (n=29), primary dengue infections, and age-matched uninfected children (n=84) enrolled in a Brazilian dengue birth cohort. Polymorphisms of the MBL2 gene were assessed by RT-PCR, while ELISA were used to quantify serum levels of MBL. RESULTS We found that the X allele and YX genotype in the MBL2 were more frequent in dengue cases than controls. Likewise, the LXPA haplotype was exclusively found in dengue cases, thus probably related to dengue infection in our setting. Moreover, we found a higher frequency of the O allele and AO genotype in control group. Serum levels of total and functional MBL were higher in dengue naïve infants than dengue cases. CONCLUSIONS MBL2 variants related to lower production of serum MBL were associated to dengue infection in infants, while intermediate to high levels of total and functional serum MBL were associated with protection. These findings highlight the role of MBL2 variants and serum levels of MBL in the susceptibility to dengue disease at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília A Sena
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ, Recife, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Mayrelle da Silva Castanha
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States; Faculty of Medical Science, University of Pernambuco/UPE, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Patricia Moura
- Faculty of Medical Science, University of Pernambuco/UPE, Recife, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunobiology and Pathology, University of Pernambuco/UPE, Recife, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Braga
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luydson Richardson Silva Vasconcelos
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute - Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/FIOCRUZ, Recife, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Science, University of Pernambuco/UPE, Recife, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunobiology and Pathology, University of Pernambuco/UPE, Recife, Brazil
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19
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Wu YH, Chen WC, Tseng CK, Chen YH, Lin CK, Lee JC. Heme oxygenase-1 inhibits DENV-induced endothelial hyperpermeability and serves as a potential target against dengue hemorrhagic fever. FASEB J 2021; 36:e22110. [PMID: 34918393 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100688rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is a cause of vascular endothelial dysfunction and vascular leakage, which are characterized as hallmarks of dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, which become a severe global health emergency with substantial morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are still no promising therapeutics to alleviate the dengue-associated vascular hemorrhage in a clinical setting. In the present study, we first observed that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression level was highly suppressed in severe DENV-infected patients. In contrast, the overexpression of HO-1 could attenuate DENV-induced pathogenesis, including plasma leakage and thrombocytopenia, in an AG129 mouse model. Our data indicate that overexpression of HO-1 or its metabolite biliverdin can maintain endothelial integrity upon DENV infection in vitro and in vivo. We further characterized the positive regulatory effect of HO-1 on the endothelial adhesion factor vascular endothelial-cadherin to decrease DENV-induced endothelial hyperpermeability. Subsequently, we confirmed that two medicinal plant-derived compounds, andrographolide, and celastrol, widely used as a nutritional or medicinal supplement are useful to attenuate DENV-induced plasma leakage through induction of the HO-1 expression in DENV-infected AG129 mice. In conclusion, our findings reveal that induction of the HO-1 signal pathway is a promising option for the treatment of DENV-induced vascular pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Kai Tseng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- School of Medicine, Graduate Institute of Medicine, Sepsis Research Center, Center of Dengue Fever Control and Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kuang Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Ching Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, College of Marine Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine in College of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Natural Products in College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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20
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Sánchez-Zuno GA, Matuz-Flores MG, González-Estevez G, Nicoletti F, Turrubiates-Hernández FJ, Mangano K, Muñoz-Valle JF. A review: Antibody-dependent enhancement in COVID-19: The not so friendly side of antibodies. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211050199. [PMID: 34632844 PMCID: PMC8512237 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211050199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), represents an unprecedented
global public health emergency with economic and social consequences. One of the
main concerns in the development of vaccines is the antibody-dependent
enhancement phenomenon, better known as ADE. In this review, we provide an
overview of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the immune response generated by the
host. On the bases of this principle, we also describe what is known about the
ADE phenomenon in various viral infections and its possible role as a limiting
factor in the development of new vaccines and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Athziri Sánchez-Zuno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - Mónica Guadalupe Matuz-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - Guillermo González-Estevez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, 9298University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, 9298University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México
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21
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Lei C, Yu Q, Wang H, Liu J, Chen S, Zhao Z, Qiu L. Responses of CD27 + CD38 + plasmablasts, and CD24 hi CD27 hi and CD24 hi CD38 hi regulatory B cells during primary dengue virus 2 infection. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24035. [PMID: 34606646 PMCID: PMC8605120 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Humoral immunity is thought to play a central role in mediating the immunopathogenesis of dengue virus (DENV) infection; however, the B‐cell responses elicited by primary DENV2 infection are incompletely understood. Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) are important to promote B‐cell activation and differentiation. Methods The present study analyzed the detailed dynamic changes of circulating B‐cell subsets and Tfh (cTfh) using flow cytometry to explore their responses to DENV2 infection. Results Thirty‐six patients with DENV2 and 21 healthy individuals were included. The results showed that CD27+CD38+ plasmablasts emerged after DENV2 infection, and correlated with CXCR5+PD‐1+ or CXCR5+ICOS+PD‐1+ cTfh, which increased after DENV2 infection, and correlated with DENV2 RNA viral loads. Significantly low levels of CD27− naïve B cells, and CD24hiCD27hi and CD24hiCD38hi regulatory B cells (Breg) were observed after DENV2 infection, which correlated negatively with CXCR5+PD‐1+ or CXCR5+ICOS+PD‐1+ cTfh cells. Conclusion Overall, these results provide insights into the DENV2‐elicited B‐cell response and revealed previously unidentified CD24hiCD27hi and CD24hiCD38hi Breg responses to DENV2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenshuang Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinhua Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of infection, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - JieJing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sufeng Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liannv Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Ardila Gomez IJ, López PP, Hernández Carreño MR, Barrios Torres JC. Dengue Infection and Its Relationship with Evans Syndrome: A Pediatric Case. Case Rep Med 2021; 2021:8635585. [PMID: 34422060 PMCID: PMC8376402 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8635585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. It is an endemic virus in tropical countries. In Colombia, 4 serotypes are present, and the disease is a burden for public health, social programs, and the economic sectors. The main vector is Aedes aegypti, and most infections are asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. The hemorrhagic appearances of severe dengue are due to plasma leakage as a result of increased vascular permeability, severe thrombopenia, and hemoconcentration. In 2020, 78,979 cases of dengue were reported in Colombia. 38,836 (49.2%) of them were warning-free signs, 39,246 (49.7%) with warning signs, and 897 (1.1%) of severe dengue. As it is well-known, viral diseases are immune system activators, triggering off a loss of tolerance in it. Dengue is not an exception, and it is able to explain different autoimmune phenomena including macrophage activation. Mechanisms have been described by which an exacerbated response of the disease is triggered through the increase of infected cells, formation of immune complexes, and complement pathway activation, which lead to a cross-reaction of viral antigens with epithelial cells with platelets with subsequent endothelial dysfunction and bleeds. The first description of Evans syndrome was made in 1951 by Robert Evans. This syndrome is characterized by the combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and, less common/usual, immune neutropenia. This disease's etiology is unknown, and the dysregulation of the immune system is among its possibilities. Here, we present the case of an unusual hematological and immunological complication of a patient who developed Evans syndrome during severe dengue, taking into account the concomitantly limited literature available for these two diseases, the need for a broader diagnostic approach, multidisciplinary intervention, and a more complex therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jose Ardila Gomez
- Pediatric Critical Care, Uros Clinic-Neiva University Hospital, Professor at the Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, Huila, Colombia
| | - Pilar Pérez López
- Pediatric Rheumatologist, Neiva University Hospital-Uros Clinic-Medilaser Clinic, Professor at the Universidad Surcolombiana, Neiva, Huila, Colombia
| | | | - Juan Camilo Barrios Torres
- General Physician Specialist in Health Quality Management and Audit, Hospital Medical Coordinator of Uros Clinic, Neiva, Huila, Colombia
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23
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Iba T, Levy JH, Levi M. Viral-induced inflammatory coagulation disorders: Preparing for another epidemic. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:8-19. [PMID: 34331297 PMCID: PMC8763450 DOI: 10.1055/a-1562-7599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A number of viral infectious diseases have emerged or reemerged from wildlife vectors that have generated serious threats to global health. Increased international traveling and commerce increase the risk of transmission of viral or other infectious diseases. In addition, recent climate changes accelerate the potential spread of domestic disease. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an important example of the worldwide spread, and the current epidemic will unlikely be the last. Viral hemorrhagic fevers, such as Dengue and Lassa fevers, may also have the potential to spread worldwide with a significant impact on public health with unpredictable timing. Based on the important lessons learned from COVID-19, it would be prudent to prepare for future pandemics of life-threatening viral diseases. Among the various threats, this review focuses on the coagulopathy of acute viral infections since hypercoagulability has been a major challenge in COVID-19, but represents a different presentation compared to viral hemorrhagic fever. However, both thrombosis and hemorrhage are understood as the result of thromboinflammation due to viral infections, and the role of anticoagulation is important to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Iba
- Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - J H Levy
- Anesthesiology and Critcal Care, Duke University, Durham, United States
| | - Marcel Levi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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24
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Koonisetty KS, Aghamohammadi N, Urmi T, Yavaşoglu Sİ, Rahman MS, Nandy R, Haque U. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue among Physicians: A Web-Based Cross-Sectional Survey. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:105. [PMID: 34436095 PMCID: PMC8389296 DOI: 10.3390/bs11080105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is one of the most important viral infections transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes and a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Accurate identification of cases and treatment of dengue patients at the early stages can reduce medical complications and dengue mortality rate. This survey aims to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) among physicians in dengue diagnosis and treatment. This study was conducted among physicians in Turkey as one nonendemic country and Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia as three dengue-endemic countries. The dosing frequencies, maximum doses, and contraindications in dengue fever were examined. The results found that physicians from Bangladesh, India, and Malaysia have higher KAP scores in dengue diagnosis and treatment compared to physicians in Turkey. This may be due to a lack of physician's exposure to a dengue patient as Turkey is considered a nonendemic country. This assessment may help establish a guideline for intervention strategies among physicians to have successful treatment outcomes and reduce dengue mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranthi Swaroop Koonisetty
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (R.N.); (U.H.)
| | - Nasrin Aghamohammadi
- Centre for Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Practice, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Tamanna Urmi
- Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh;
| | - Sare İlknur Yavaşoglu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Turkey;
| | - Md. Shahinur Rahman
- Palli Karma Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), PKSF Bahban, E-4/B, Agargaon A/A, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Rajesh Nandy
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (R.N.); (U.H.)
| | - Ubydul Haque
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA; (R.N.); (U.H.)
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25
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A Novel Series of Indole Alkaloid Derivatives Inhibit Dengue and Zika Virus Infection by Interference with the Viral Replication Complex. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0234920. [PMID: 34001508 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02349-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we identified a novel class of compounds which demonstrated good antiviral activity against dengue and Zika virus infection. These derivatives constitute intermediates in the synthesis of indole (ervatamine-silicine) alkaloids and share a tetracyclic structure, with an indole and a piperidine fused to a seven-membered carbocyclic ring. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated the importance of substituent at position C-6 and especially the presence of a benzyl ester for the activity and cytotoxicity of the molecules. In addition, the stereochemistry at C-7 and C-8, as well as the presence of an oxazolidine ring, influenced the potency of the compounds. Mechanism of action studies with two analogues of this family (compounds 22 and trans-14) showed that this class of molecules can suppress viral infection during the later stages of the replication cycle (RNA replication/assembly). Moreover, a cell-dependent antiviral profile of the compounds against several Zika strains was observed, possibly implying the involvement of a cellular factor(s) in the activity of the molecules. Sequencing of compound-resistant Zika mutants revealed a single nonsynonymous amino acid mutation (aspartic acid to histidine) at the beginning of the predicted transmembrane domain 1 of NS4B protein, which plays a vital role in the formation of the viral replication complex. To conclude, our study provides detailed information on a new class of NS4B-associated inhibitors and strengthens the importance of identifying host-virus interactions in order to tackle flavivirus infections.
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26
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Behl T, Rocchetti G, Chadha S, Zengin G, Bungau S, Kumar A, Mehta V, Uddin MS, Khullar G, Setia D, Arora S, Sinan KI, Ak G, Putnik P, Gallo M, Montesano D. Phytochemicals from Plant Foods as Potential Source of Antiviral Agents: An Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:381. [PMID: 33921724 PMCID: PMC8073840 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide include viral infections, such as Ebola, influenza virus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and recently COVID-19 disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, we can count on a narrow range of antiviral drugs, especially older generation ones like ribavirin and interferon which are effective against viruses in vitro but can often be ineffective in patients. In addition to these, we have antiviral agents for the treatment of herpes virus, influenza virus, HIV and hepatitis virus. Recently, drugs used in the past especially against ebolavirus, such as remdesivir and favipiravir, have been considered for the treatment of COVID-19 disease. However, even if these drugs represent important tools against viral diseases, they are certainly not sufficient to defend us from the multitude of viruses present in the environment. This represents a huge problem, especially considering the unprecedented global threat due to the advancement of COVID-19, which represents a potential risk to the health and life of millions of people. The demand, therefore, for new and effective antiviral drugs is very high. This review focuses on three fundamental points: (1) presents the main threats to human health, reviewing the most widespread viral diseases in the world, thus describing the scenario caused by the disease in question each time and evaluating the specific therapeutic remedies currently available. (2) It comprehensively describes main phytochemical classes, in particular from plant foods, with proven antiviral activities, the viruses potentially treated with the described phytochemicals. (3) Consideration of the various applications of drug delivery systems in order to improve the bioavailability of these compounds or extracts. A PRISMA flow diagram was used for the inclusion of the works. Taking into consideration the recent dramatic events caused by COVID-19 pandemic, the cry of alarm that denounces critical need for new antiviral drugs is extremely strong. For these reasons, a continuous systematic exploration of plant foods and their phytochemicals is necessary for the development of new antiviral agents capable of saving lives and improving their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Swati Chadha
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Arun Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Vineet Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Distt. Shimla, Himachal Pradesh 171207, India;
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh;
- Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Gaurav Khullar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Dhruv Setia
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India; (S.C.); (A.K.); (G.K.); (D.S.); (S.A.)
| | - Kouadio Ibrahime Sinan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Gunes Ak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, Konya 42130, Turkey; (G.Z.); (K.I.S.); (G.A.)
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Department of Food Technology, University North, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia;
| | - Monica Gallo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Montesano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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27
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India's lockdown exit: are we prepared to lock horns with COVID-19 and dengue in the rainy season? Pediatr Res 2021; 89:1047-1048. [PMID: 32663834 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-1063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Lee YH, Hsieh YC, Chen CJ, Lin TY, Huang YC. Retrospective Seroepidemiology study of dengue virus infection in Taiwan. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:96. [PMID: 33478432 PMCID: PMC7818053 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-05809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dengue virus infection has been an important and serious public health concern in Taiwan, where local outbreaks of dengue fever occurred almost every year. To our knowledge, no nationwide investigation has been carried out to determine the actual extent of infection in the general population. Methods A total of 1308 random serum samples were collected from the general population in Taiwan in 2010. The antibody-captured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect DENV-specific IgM and IgG. Demographics data were used for risk analysis. Results The weighted overall seroprevalence was 1.96% for anti-DENV IgM, and 3.4% for anti-DENV IgG, respectively. A significant rise of DENV IgG seropositive rate had been noted since late adulthood stage, from 1.1% at the age group of 50–59 years to 7.6% at the age group of 60–69 years. For people aged over 70 years, the seropositive rate reached 19%. Age, nationality, and regions of residency were associated with the IgG seropositivity. There was no statistically significant difference in seroprevalence of anti-Dengue IgM, indicating recent infection, among univariate predictors we proposed, including gender, age, residency, nationality, and household size. Conclusions Our results indicated that the majority of population in Taiwan born after 1940 is naive to dengue virus and the prevalence of IgG antibody against dengue virus rises with age. Nationality, and regions of residency are associated with the exposure of population to infection by dengue viruses. Further studies are needed to realize the current situation of seroprevalence of dengue fever in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsuan Lee
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Hsieh
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu-Shin Street, Gueishan, 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Chen
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu-Shin Street, Gueishan, 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzou-Yien Lin
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu-Shin Street, Gueishan, 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yhu-Chering Huang
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu-Shin Street, Gueishan, 333, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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29
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Bhatt P, Sabeena SP, Varma M, Arunkumar G. Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Dengue Virus Infection. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:17-32. [PMID: 33231723 PMCID: PMC7815537 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02284-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of dengue virus infection is attributed to complex interplay between virus, host genes and host immune response. Host factors such as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), memory cross-reactive T cells, anti-DENV NS1 antibodies, autoimmunity as well as genetic factors are major determinants of disease susceptibility. NS1 protein and anti-DENV NS1 antibodies were believed to be responsible for pathogenesis of severe dengue. The cytokine response of cross-reactive CD4+ T cells might be altered by the sequential infection with different DENV serotypes, leading to further elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines contributing a detrimental immune response. Fcγ receptor-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) results in release of cytokines from immune cells leading to vascular endothelial cell dysfunction and increased vascular permeability. Genomic variation of dengue virus and subgenomic flavivirus RNA (sfRNA) suppressing host immune response are viral determinants of disease severity. Dengue infection can lead to the generation of autoantibodies against DENV NS1antigen, DENV prM, and E proteins, which can cross-react with several self-antigens such as plasminogen, integrin, and platelet cells. Apart from viral factors, several host genetic factors and gene polymorphisms also have a role to play in pathogenesis of DENV infection. This review article highlights the various factors responsible for the pathogenesis of dengue and also highlights the recent advances in the field related to biomarkers which can be used in future for predicting severe disease outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Bhatt
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | | | - Muralidhar Varma
- Dept of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576101 India
| | - Govindakarnavar Arunkumar
- Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
- Present Address: WHO Country Office, Kathmandu, Nepal
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30
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Olivares P, Creixell W, Fujiwara N. Dynamical impacts of the coupling in a model of interactive infectious diseases. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2020; 30:093144. [PMID: 33003949 DOI: 10.1063/5.0009452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Multiple models have been proposed to describe the epidemic spreading in the presence of interactions between two or more infectious diseases, but less is known about how dynamical aspects, such as time scales of diseases, affect the epidemic spreading. In this work, we evaluate the time shift produced in the number of people infected from one disease when interacting with another disease. Using a compartmental model, we produce different forms of relationship as competition, cooperation, and independence, assessing the effect of each one in the final result. We focus on the case of the unidirectional coupling between diseases, which enables us to study the impact of a perturbation to a driving disease on the driven one. We found that the prevalence of the driven disease is strongly affected if its time scale, defined by the time where the infection reaches the peak, is comparable to that of the driving disease. The secondary peak of the infection was observed under cooperative coupling if the time scale of the driving disease is much longer than that of the driven one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Olivares
- Electronic Department, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Werner Creixell
- Electronic Department, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile
| | - Naoya Fujiwara
- Visting Researcher, Center for Spatial Information Science CSIS, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Platelets, small anucleate cells circulating in the blood, are critical mediators in haemostasis and thrombosis. Interestingly, recent studies demonstrated that platelets contain both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory molecules, equipping platelets with immunoregulatory function in both innate and adaptive immunity. In the context of infectious diseases, platelets are involved in early detection of invading microorganisms and are actively recruited to sites of infection. Platelets exert their effects on microbial pathogens either by direct binding to eliminate or restrict dissemination, or by shaping the subsequent host immune response. Reciprocally, many invading microbial pathogens can directly or indirectly target host platelets, altering platelet count or/and function. In addition, microbial pathogens can impact the host auto- and alloimmune responses to platelet antigens in several immune-mediated diseases, such as immune thrombocytopenia, and fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that contribute to the bidirectional interactions between platelets and various microbial pathogens, and how these interactions hold relevant implications in the pathogenesis of many infectious diseases. The knowledge obtained from "well-studied" microbes may also help us understand the pathogenesis of emerging microbes, such as SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conglei Li
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - June Li
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Heyu Ni
- Toronto Platelet Immunobiology Group, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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32
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Epidemiologic Characteristics of Imported and Domestic Chikungunya Cases in Taiwan: A 13-Year Retrospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103615. [PMID: 32455712 PMCID: PMC7277729 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Chikungunya fever is caused by the chikungunya virus. Numerous factors affect the risk of chikungunya transmission. This study explored the epidemiological characteristics, differences, and trends in domestic and imported cases of chikungunya fever in Taiwan in terms of patient sex, age, month of confirmation, and area of residence from 2007 to 2019. Methods: Public annual chikungunya data from Taiwan’s Centers for Disease Control (CDC) were analyzed. In total, 21 confirmed domestic and 198 imported cases of chikungunya were reported. Of the domestic cases, one was sporadic and reported in July 2019, and 20 were attributed to a cluster event during August and September 2019. Results: In a comparison between domestic and imported cases reported from July to October 2019, differences in sex were nonsignificant (p = 0.555), whereas significant differences were observed for age (p < 0.001), month of confirmation (p = 0.005), and place of residence (p = 0.001). An age of 69–69 years (odds ratio (OR) = 6.66, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.15–20.65), month of confirmation of September (OR = 5.25, 95%CI = 1.89–14.61) and place of residence of New Taipei City (OR = 48.70, 95%CI = 6.17–384.44) were identified as potential risk factors. Additionally, domestic cases in August and September 2019 increased in proportion to the increase in imported cases during July and August 2019. Increased domestic patients may have been caused by the domestic mosquitoes that transmitted the virus by biting the imported patients to Taiwan. This is the first report comparing domestic and imported cases of chikungunya from surveillance data from the Taiwan CDC from 2007 to 2019. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of longitudinal and geographically extended studies to understand the implications of zoonotic disease transmission on Taiwan’s population. Critical data were identified to inform future surveillance and research efforts in Taiwan.
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33
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Gore MM. Vaccines Against Dengue and West Nile Viruses in India: The Need of the Hour. Viral Immunol 2020; 33:423-433. [PMID: 32320353 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The circulation of flaviviruses, dengue (DEN), Japanese encephalitis (JE) and West Nile (WN) viruses, and others, is generating a major concern in many countries. Both JE along with DEN have been endemic in large regions of India. WN virus infection, although circulating in southern regions for many years, in recent years, WN encephalitis patients have been demonstrated. While vaccines against JE have been developed and decrease outbreaks, in case of DEN and WN, vaccines are still in developing level, especially, it has been difficult to achieve the long-term protective immune response. The first licensed DEN vaccine, which is a live attenuated vaccine, was administered in countries where the virus is endemic, and has a potential to cause serious side effects, especially when administered to younger population as observed in the Philippines vaccination drive. In the case of WN, although the purified inactivated virion-based vaccine worked effectively as a veterinary vaccine for horses, no effective vaccine has yet been licensed for humans. The induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses is essential to complete protection by these viruses, as evidenced by responses to asymptomatic infections. Many studies have shown that neutralizing antibody (NAb) response is against surface structural proteins; CD4+ and CD8+ responses are mainly directed against nonstructural proteins rather than NAb response. New data suggest that encapsulating virus vaccines in nanoparticles (NPs) will direct antigen in cytoplasmic compartment by antigen-presenting cells, which will improve presentation to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Since tissue culture-derived, purified inactivated viruses are easier to manufacture and safer than developing live virus vaccines, inclusion of NP provides an attractive alternative for generating robust flaviviral vaccines that are affordable with long-lived protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milind M Gore
- Emeritus Scientist, ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India
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Qiu Y, Xu YP, Wang M, Miao M, Zhou H, Xu J, Kong J, Zheng D, Li RT, Zhang RR, Guo Y, Li XF, Cui J, Qin CF, Zhou X. Flavivirus induces and antagonizes antiviral RNA interference in both mammals and mosquitoes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax7989. [PMID: 32076641 PMCID: PMC7002134 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax7989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses infect both mammals and mosquitoes. RNA interference (RNAi) has been demonstrated as an anti-flavivirus mechanism in mosquitoes; however, whether and how flaviviruses induce and antagonize RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity in mammals remains unknown. We show that the nonstructural protein NS2A of dengue virus-2 (DENV2) act as a viral suppressor of RNAi (VSR). When NS2A-mediated RNAi suppression was disabled, the resulting mutant DENV2 induced Dicer-dependent production of abundant DENV2-derived siRNAs in differentiated mammalian cells. VSR-disabled DENV2 showed severe replication defects in mosquito and mammalian cells and in mice that were rescued by RNAi deficiency. Moreover, NS2As of multiple flaviviruses act as VSRs in vitro and during viral infection in both organisms. Overall, our findings demonstrate that antiviral RNAi can be induced by flavivirus, while flavivirus uses NS2A as a bona fide VSR to evade RNAi in mammals and mosquitoes, highlighting the importance of RNAi in flaviviral vector-host life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan-Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing 100071, China
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiuyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Da Zheng
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Rui-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing 100071, China
| | - Rong-Rong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jie Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Cheng-Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS), Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Kien ND, El-Qushayri AE, Ahmed AM, Safi A, Mageed SA, Mehyar SM, Hashan MR, Karimzadeh S, Hirayama K, Huy NT. Association of Allergic Symptoms with Dengue Infection and Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Virol Sin 2020; 35:83-92. [PMID: 31637633 PMCID: PMC7035405 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00165-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the severity of dengue infection and allergy is still obscure. We conducted an electronic search across 12 databases for relevant articles reporting allergic symptoms, dengue infection, and dengue classification. These studies were categorized according to dengue severity and allergy symptoms, and a meta-analysis was performed by pooling the studies in each category. Among the included 57 articles, pruritus was the most common allergic sign followed by non-specified allergy and asthma (28.6%, 13%, and 6.5%, respectively). Despite the reported significant association of dengue with pruritus and total IgE level (P < 0.05), in comparison with non-dengue cases and healthy controls, there was no association between the different severe dengue group with pruritus, skin allergy, food allergy or asthma. However, removing the largest study revealed a significant association between asthma with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) rather than dengue fever (DF). In comparison with DF, DHF was associated with IgE positivity. Furthermore, specific-IgE level was higher in secondary DF rather than primary DF. There was a possible association between allergy symptoms and dengue severity progression. Further studies are needed to clarify this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dang Kien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Binh, 410000, Vietnam
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Amr Ehab El-Qushayri
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Ali Mahmoud Ahmed
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11865, Egypt
| | - Adnan Safi
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- Nishtar Medical University, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Abdel Mageed
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31511, Egypt
| | - Samar Muhammed Mehyar
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- Istishari Hospital, Amman, 11953, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Rashidul Hashan
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- Infectious Disease Division, Respiratory and Enteric Infections Department, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Dhaka, GPO Box 128, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sedighe Karimzadeh
- Online Research Club (http://www.onlineresearchclub.org/), Nagasaki, Japan
- School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, 00989156113915, Iran
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Leading Graduate School Program, and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000, Vietnam.
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Wang WH, Urbina AN, Wu CC, Lin CY, Thitithanyanont A, Assavalapsakul W, Lu PL, Chen YH, Wang SF. An epidemiological survey of the current status of Zika and the immune interaction between dengue and Zika infection in Southern Taiwan. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 93:151-159. [PMID: 31982624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was performed to examine the current status of Zika and the effects of pre-existing dengue immunity on Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in Southern Taiwan. METHODS A phylogenetic tree was used to analyze the phylogeny of detected ZIKVs. Paired sera from dengue patients were collected for the determination of dengue and Zika infection. Plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to determine the titers of neutralizing antibodies and viruses, respectively. An antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) assay was used to evaluate the effect of anti-dengue antibodies on ZIKV infection. RESULTS Epidemiological data indicated the continuous importation of ZIKV infection from neighboring Zika epidemic countries into Taiwan. A total of 78 dengue patients were enrolled and 21 paired serum samples were obtained. PRNT90 results for the 21 samples identified eight cases of primary dengue infection and 13 cases of secondary dengue infection; two samples were positive for ZIKV (MR766). Results from the ADE assay indicated that convalescent sera from primary and secondary dengue infection patients displayed significant ADE of the ZIKV infection when compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that pre-existing dengue immunity facilitates ZIKV infection and that the continuous importation of ZIKV infection may pose a threat to indigenous Zika emergence in Southern Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hung Wang
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Aspiro Nayim Urbina
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Program in Tropical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yen Lin
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Arunee Thitithanyanont
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Assavalapsakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Po-Liang Lu
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsu Chen
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fan Wang
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Sellahewa KH, Kumaratne MP, Halpe S, Marapana K. Case Report: A Case of Acute Intravascular Hemolysis in Dengue Fever. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 102:355-358. [PMID: 31912775 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute intravascular hemolysis (AIH) with hemoglobinuria is a rare complication of dengue viral infection. Review of the literature revealed only one report of AIH as a complication of dengue fever (DF). We report a case of AIH with massive hemoglobinuria in a 17-year-old Sri Lankan male, in the febrile phase of DF. This unusual and rare complication warranted forced diuresis, to prevent acute kidney injury. This was a departure from the recommended fluid therapy for DF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shane Halpe
- Dr. Neville Fernando Teaching Hospital, Malabe, Sri Lanka
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38
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Guo L, Rondina MT. The Era of Thromboinflammation: Platelets Are Dynamic Sensors and Effector Cells During Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2204. [PMID: 31572400 PMCID: PMC6753373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells produced by megakaryocytes. In recent years, a robust body of literature supports the evolving role of platelets as key sentinel and effector cells in infectious diseases, especially critical in bridging hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune continuums. Upon intravascular pathogen invasion, platelets can directly sense viral, parasitic, and bacterial infections through pattern recognition receptors and integrin receptors or pathogen: immunoglobulin complexes through Fc and complement receptors—although our understanding of these interactions remains incomplete. Constantly scanning for areas of injury or inflammation as they circulate in the vasculature, platelets also indirectly respond to pathogen invasion through interactions with leukocytes and the endothelium. Following antigen recognition, platelets often become activated. Through a diverse repertoire of mechanisms, activated platelets can directly sequester or kill pathogens, or facilitate pathogen clearance by activating macrophages and neutrophils, promoting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, forming platelet aggregates and microthrombi. At times, however, platelet activation may also be injurious to the host, exacerbating inflammation and promoting endothelial damage and thrombosis. There are many gaps in our understandings of the role of platelets in infectious diseases. However, with the emergence of advanced technologies, our knowledge is increasing. In the current review, we mainly discuss these evolving roles of platelets under four different infectious pathogen infections, of which are dengue, malaria, Esterichia coli (E. coli) and staphylococcus aureus S. aureus, highlighting the complex interplay of these processes with hemostatic and thrombotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,George E. Wahlen VAMC Department of Internal Medicine and GRECC, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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39
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Wu H, Wu C, Lu Q, Ding Z, Xue M, Lin J. Evaluating the effects of control interventions and estimating the inapparent infections for dengue outbreak in Hangzhou, China. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220391. [PMID: 31393899 PMCID: PMC6687121 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of dengue fever (DF) cases and the number of dengue outbreaks have increased in recent years in Zhejiang Province, China. An unexpected dengue outbreak was reported in Hangzhou in 2017 and caused more than one thousand dengue cases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the actual control measures, estimate the proportion of inapparent infections during this outbreak and simulate epidemic development based on different levels of control measures taking inapparent infections into consideration. Methods The epidemic data of dengue cases in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, in 2017 and the number of the people exposed to the outbreaks were obtained from the China Information Network System of Disease Prevention and Control. The epidemic without intervention measures was used to estimate the unknown parameters. A susceptible-exposed-infectious/inapparent-recovered (SEIAR) model was used to estimate the effectiveness of the control interventions. The inapparent infections were also evaluated at the same time. Results In total, 1137 indigenous dengue cases were reported in Hangzhou in 2017. The number of indigenous dengue cases was estimated by the SEIAR model. This number was predicted to reach 6090 by the end of November 2, 2017, if no control measures were implemented. The total number of reported cases was reduced by 81.33% in contrast to the estimated incidence without intervention. The number of average daily inapparent cases was 10.18 times higher than the number of symptomatic cases. The earlier and more rigorously the vector control interventions were implemented, the more effective they were. The results showed that implementing vector control continuously for more than twenty days was more effective than every few days of implementation. Case isolation is not sufficient enough for epidemic control and only reduced the incidence by 38.10% in contrast to the estimated incidence without intervention, even if case isolation began seven days after the onset of the first case. Conclusions The practical control interventions in the outbreaks that occurred in Hangzhou City were highly effective. The proportion of inapparent infections was large, and it played an important role in transmitting the disease during this epidemic. Early, continuous and high efficacy vector control interventions are necessary to limit the development of a dengue epidemic. Timely diagnosis and case reporting are important in the intervention at an early stage of the epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haocheng Wu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen Wu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qinbao Lu
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zheyuan Ding
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming Xue
- Hangzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Province, China
| | - Junfen Lin
- Zhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory for Vaccine, Prevention and Control of Infectious Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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40
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Zhong XL, Liao XM, Shen F, Yu HJ, Yan WS, Zhang YF, Ye JJ, Lv ZP. Genome-wide profiling of mRNA and lncRNA expression in dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:468-477. [PMID: 30868055 PMCID: PMC6396354 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) are recurrent diseases that are widespread in the tropics. Here, we identified candidate genes associated with these diseases by performing integrated analyses of DF (GSE51808) and DHF (GSE18090) microarray datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). In all, we identified 7635 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DF and 8147 DEGs in DHF as compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). In addition, we discovered 215 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) in DF and 225 DElncRNAs in DHF. There were 1256 common DEGs and eight common DElncRNAs in DHF vs DF, DHF vs normal control, and DF vs normal control groups. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that signal transduction (false discovery rate = 8.33E-10), 'toxoplasmosis', and 'protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum' were significantly enriched pathways for common DEGs. We conclude that the MAGED1,STAT1, and IL12A genes may play crucial roles in DF and DHF, and suggest that our findings may facilitate the identification of biomarkers and the development of new drug design strategies for DF and DHF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lan Zhong
- Department of Quality Control Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liao
- Department of Medicine Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Fei Shen
- Clinical Laboratory Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Hai-Jian Yu
- Department of Medicine Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Wen-Sheng Yan
- Department of Medicine Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Yun-Fang Zhang
- Department of Medicine Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Jia-Jun Ye
- Department of Medicine Huadu Hospital of Southern Medical University & Guangzhou Huadu District People's Hospital China
| | - Zhi-Ping Lv
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
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Castro-Bonilla L, Coronel-Ruiz C, Parra-Alvarez S, Castellanos JE, Porras-Ramírez A, Velandia-Romero ML. Factors Associated with Dengue Virus Infection and Reinfection in Asymptomatic Children in Two Colombian Municipalities. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:1422-1429. [PMID: 30398143 PMCID: PMC6283502 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is the most important arbovirosis in the world. In this study, we assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding dengue in parents from two small Colombian municipalities in the Cundinamarca Province. Parents and their healthy children from 4 to 14 years of age were included in some public elementary schools. After a medical examination, blood samples were taken for diagnosis of dengue using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (capture immunoglobulin M and capture immunoglobulin G [IgG], indirect IgG and detection non-structural viral protein 1) and detection of viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, a KAP survey was applied to the children's parents or tutors. The indirect IgG test determined that of the 347 examined children, 87.9% had a previous infection with the dengue virus (DENV), 12.7% of them were positive for viral RNA (asymptomatic infection), and 32.0% presented reinfections. Risk factors evaluation showed that children aged 8 years and older living in the municipalities for more than 7 years were more likely to be infected or reinfected by DENV. In the same way, poor nutrition, lack of water supply, sewer service, or waste disposal services could raise the likelihood of dengue infections. The surveys indicated that parents have unhealthy practices and a low knowledge about the transmission of the disease, which could result in an increase of mosquito breeding sites, allowing sustained dengue transmission.
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Antiviral Effects of Clinically-Relevant Interferon-α and Ribavirin Regimens against Dengue Virus in the Hollow Fiber Infection Model (HFIM). Viruses 2018; 10:v10060317. [PMID: 29890736 PMCID: PMC6024321 DOI: 10.3390/v10060317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral illness in humans. Currently, there are no therapeutic agents available to prevent or treat DENV infections. Our objective was to fill this unmet medical need by evaluating the antiviral activity of interferon-α (IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) as a combination therapy against DENV. DENV-infected Vero and Huh-7 cells were exposed to RBV and/or IFN, and the viral burden was quantified over time by plaque assay. Drug-drug interactions for antiviral effect were determined by fitting a mathematical model to the data. We then assessed clinically-relevant exposures of IFN plus RBV using the hollow fiber infection model (HFIM) system. RBV monotherapy was only effective against DENV at toxic concentrations in Vero and Huh-7 cells. IFN, as a single agent, did inhibit DENV replication at physiological concentrations and viral suppression was substantial in Huh-7 cells (Half maximal effective concentration (EC50) = 58.34 IU/mL). As a combination therapy, RBV plus IFN was additive for viral suppression in both cell lines; however, enhancement of antiviral activity at clinically-achievable concentrations was observed only in Huh-7 cells. Finally, clinical exposures of RBV plus IFN suppressed DENV replication by 99% even when treatment was initiated 24 h post-infection in the HFIM. Further evaluation revealed that the antiviral effectiveness of the combination regimen against DENV is mostly attributed to activity associated with IFN. These findings suggest that IFN is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DENV.
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Gopala Reddy SB, Chin WX, Shivananju NS. Dengue virus NS2 and NS4: Minor proteins, mammoth roles. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 154:54-63. [PMID: 29674002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the ever-increasing global incidence of dengue fever, there are no specific chemotherapy regimens for its treatment. Structural studies on dengue virus (DENV) proteins have revealed potential drug targets. Major DENV proteins such as the envelope protein and non-structural (NS) proteins 3 and 5 have been extensively investigated in antiviral studies, but with limited success in vitro. However, the minor NS proteins NS2 and NS4 have remained relatively underreported. Emerging evidence indicating their indispensable roles in virus propagation and host immunomodulation should encourage us to target these proteins for drug discovery. This review covers current knowledge on DENV NS2 and NS4 proteins from structural and functional perspectives and assesses their potential as targets for antiviral design. Antiviral targets in NS2A include surface-exposed transmembrane regions involved in pathogenesis, while those in NS2B include protease-binding sites in a conserved hydrophilic domain. Ideal drug targets in NS4A include helix α4 and the PEPEKQR sequence, which are essential for NS4A-2K cleavage and NS4A-NS4B association, respectively. In NS4B, the cytoplasmic loop connecting helices α5 and α7 is an attractive target for antiviral design owing to its role in dimerization and NS4B-NS3 interaction. Findings implicating NS2A, NS2B, and NS4A in membrane-modulation and viroporin-like activities indicate an opportunity to target these proteins by disrupting their association with membrane lipids. Despite the lack of 3D structural data, recent topological findings and progress in structure-prediction methods should be sufficient impetus for targeting NS2 and NS4 for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhoora Bhargavi Gopala Reddy
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University, JSS TEI Campus, Mysuru 57006, Karnataka, India
| | - Wei-Xin Chin
- Laboratory of Molecular RNA Virology and Antiviral Strategies, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Nanjunda Swamy Shivananju
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Science and Technology University, JSS TEI Campus, Mysuru 57006, Karnataka, India.
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