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Choi EJ, Oh HT, Lee SH, Zhang CS, Li M, Kim SY, Park S, Chang TS, Lee BH, Lin SC, Jeon SM. Metabolic stress induces a double-positive feedback loop between AMPK and SQSTM1/p62 conferring dual activation of AMPK and NFE2L2/NRF2 to synergize antioxidant defense. Autophagy 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38953310 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2374692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Co-occurring mutations in KEAP1 in STK11/LKB1-mutant NSCLC activate NFE2L2/NRF2 to compensate for the loss of STK11-AMPK activity during metabolic adaptation. Characterizing the regulatory crosstalk between the STK11-AMPK and KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathways during metabolic stress is crucial for understanding the implications of co-occurring mutations. Here, we found that metabolic stress increased the expression and phosphorylation of SQSTM1/p62, which is essential for the activation of NFE2L2 and AMPK, synergizing antioxidant defense and tumor growth. The SQSTM1-driven dual activation of NFE2L2 and AMPK was achieved by inducing macroautophagic/autophagic degradation of KEAP1 and facilitating the AXIN-STK11-AMPK complex formation on the lysosomal membrane, respectively. In contrast, the STK11-AMPK activity was also required for metabolic stress-induced expression and phosphorylation of SQSTM1, suggesting a double-positive feedback loop between AMPK and SQSTM1. Mechanistically, SQSTM1 expression was increased by the PPP2/PP2A-dependent dephosphorylation of TFEB and TFE3, which was induced by the lysosomal deacidification caused by low glucose metabolism and AMPK-dependent proton reduction. Furthermore, SQSTM1 phosphorylation was increased by MAP3K7/TAK1, which was activated by ROS and pH-dependent secretion of lysosomal Ca2+. Importantly, phosphorylation of SQSTM1 at S24 and S226 was critical for the activation of AMPK and NFE2L2. Notably, the effects caused by metabolic stress were abrogated by the protons provided by lactic acid. Collectively, our data reveal a novel double-positive feedback loop between AMPK and SQSTM1 leading to the dual activation of AMPK and NFE2L2, potentially explaining why co-occurring mutations in STK11 and KEAP1 happen and providing promising therapeutic strategies for lung cancer.Abbreviations: AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; BAF1: bafilomycin A1; ConA: concanamycin A; DOX: doxycycline; IP: immunoprecipitation; KEAP1: kelch like ECH associated protein 1; LN: low nutrient; MAP3K7/TAK1: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7; MCOLN1/TRPML1: mucolipin TRP cation channel 1; MEFs: mouse embryonic fibroblasts; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; NAC: N-acetylcysteine; NFE2L2/NRF2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; PRKAA/AMPKα: protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha; PPP2/PP2A: protein phosphatase 2; ROS: reactive oxygen species; PPP3/calcineurin: protein phosphatase 3; RPS6KB1/p70S6K: ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STK11/LKB1: serine/threonine kinase 11; TCL: total cell lysate; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TFE3: transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3; V-ATPase: vacuolar-type H+-translocating ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Choi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Hyun-Taek Oh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of BioHealth Regulatory Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seon-Hyeong Lee
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Chen-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Soo-Youl Kim
- Division of Cancer Biology, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sunghyouk Park
- Natural Products Research Institute and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tong-Shin Chang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Hoon Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sheng-Cai Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen, China
| | - Sang-Min Jeon
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
- Department of BioHealth Regulatory Science, Graduate School of Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Dixon S, O'connor AT, Brooks-Noreiga C, Clark MA, Levy A, Castejon AM. Role of renin angiotensin system inhibitors and metformin in Glioblastoma Therapy: a review. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024; 94:1-23. [PMID: 38914751 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive and incurable disease accounting for about 10,000 deaths in the USA each year. Despite the current treatment approach which includes surgery with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, there remains a high prevalence of recurrence. Notable improvements have been observed in persons receiving concurrent antihypertensive drugs such as renin angiotensin inhibitors (RAS) or the antidiabetic drug metformin with standard therapy. Anti-tumoral effects of RAS inhibitors and metformin have been observed in in vitro and in vivo studies. Although clinical trials have shown mixed results, the potential for the use of RAS inhibitors and metformin as adjuvant GBM therapy remains promising. Nevertheless, evidence suggest that these drugs exert multimodal antitumor actions; by particularly targeting several cancer hallmarks. In this review, we highlight the results of clinical studies using multidrug cocktails containing RAS inhibitors and or metformin added to standard therapy for GBM. In addition, we highlight the possible molecular mechanisms by which these repurposed drugs with an excellent safety profile might elicit their anti-tumoral effects. RAS inhibition elicits anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and immune sensitivity effects in GBM. However, metformin promotes anti-migratory, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects mainly through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Also, we discussed metformin's potential in targeting both GBM cells as well as GBM associated-stem cells. Finally, we summarize a few drug interactions that may cause an additive or antagonistic effect that may lead to adverse effects and influence treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashana Dixon
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
| | - Ann Tenneil O'connor
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Chloe Brooks-Noreiga
- Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Michelle A Clark
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Arkene Levy
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Ana M Castejon
- Barry and Judy Silverman College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
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Littleflower AB, Parambil ST, Antony GR, Subhadradevi L. The determinants of metabolic discrepancies in aerobic glycolysis: Providing potential targets for breast cancer treatment. Biochimie 2024; 220:107-121. [PMID: 38184121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Altered aerobic glycolysis is the robust mechanism to support cancer cell survival and proliferation beyond the maintenance of cellular energy metabolism. Several investigators portrayed the important role of deregulated glycolysis in different cancers, including breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most ubiquitous form of cancer and the primary cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Breast cancer with increased glycolytic flux is hampered to eradicate with current therapies and can result in tumor recurrence. In spite of the low order efficiency of ATP production, cancer cells are highly addicted to glycolysis. The glycolytic dependency of cancer cells provides potential therapeutic strategies to preferentially kill cancer cells by inhibiting glycolysis using antiglycolytic agents. The present review emphasizes the most recent research on the implication of glycolytic enzymes, including glucose transporters (GLUTs), hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA), associated signalling pathways and transcription factors, as well as the antiglycolytic agents that target key glycolytic enzymes in breast cancer. The potential activity of glycolytic inhibitors impinges cancer prevalence and cellular resistance to conventional drugs even under worse physiological conditions such as hypoxia. As a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs, it provides the feasibility of new therapeutic modalities against a wide spectrum of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeesh Babu Littleflower
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Sulfath Thottungal Parambil
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Gisha Rose Antony
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India
| | - Lakshmi Subhadradevi
- Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Centre (Research Centre, University of Kerala), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695011, India.
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Rawat SS, Laxmi A. Sugar signals pedal the cell cycle! FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1354561. [PMID: 38562561 PMCID: PMC10982403 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1354561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cell cycle involves the sequential and reiterative progression of important events leading to cell division. Progression through a specific phase of the cell cycle is under the control of various factors. Since the cell cycle in multicellular eukaryotes responds to multiple extracellular mitogenic cues, its study in higher forms of life becomes all the more important. One such factor regulating cell cycle progression in plants is sugar signalling. Because the growth of organs depends on both cell growth and proliferation, sugars sensing and signalling are key control points linking sugar perception to regulation of downstream factors which facilitate these key developmental transitions. However, the basis of cell cycle control via sugars is intricate and demands exploration. This review deals with the information on sugar and TOR-SnRK1 signalling and how they manoeuvre various events of the cell cycle to ensure proper growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashverya Laxmi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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Pokhrel RH, Acharya S, Mishra S, Gu Y, Manzoor U, Kim JK, Park Y, Chang JH. AMPK Alchemy: Therapeutic Potentials in Allergy, Aging, and Cancer. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:171-182. [PMID: 38346909 PMCID: PMC10902700 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
All cells are equipped with intricate signaling networks to meet the energy demands and respond to the nutrient availability in the body. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is among the most potent regulators of cellular energy balance. Under ATP -deprived conditions, AMPK phosphorylates substrates and affects various biological processes, such as lipid/glucose metabolism and protein synthesis. These actions further affect the cell growth, death, and functions, altering the cellular outcomes in energy-restricted environments. AMPK plays vital roles in maintaining good health. AMPK dysfunction is observed in various chronic diseases, making it a promising target for preventing and alleviating such diseases. Herein, we highlight the different AMPK functions, especially in allergy, aging, and cancer, to facilitate the development of new therapeutic approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Hari Pokhrel
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Suman Acharya
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunil Mishra
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Umar Manzoor
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeon-Kyung Kim
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjun Park
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology and Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
- Jeju Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Zhou Y, Huang S, Guo Y, Ran M, Shan W, Chen WH, Tam KY. Epigallocatechin gallate circumvents drug-induced resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer by modulating glucose metabolism and AMPK/AKT/MAPK axis. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5837-5853. [PMID: 37621136 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Upon prolonged use of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), acquired drug resistance inevitably occurs. This study investigates the combined use of EGFR-TKIs (gefitinib or osimertinib) with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to overcome acquired drug resistance in NSCLC models. The in vitro antiproliferative effects of EGFR-TKIs and EGCG combination in EGFR-mutant parental and resistant cell lines were evaluated. The in vivo efficacy of the combination was assessed in xenograft mouse models derived from EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC cells. We found that the combined use of EGFR-TKIs and EGCG significantly reversed the Warburg effect by suppressing glycolysis while boosting mitochondrial respiration, which was accompanied by increased cellular ROS and decreased lactate secretion. The combination effectively activated the AMPK pathway while inhibited both ERK/MAPK and AKT/mTOR pathways, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, particularly in drug-resistant NSCLC cells. The in vivo results obtained from mouse tumor xenograft model confirmed that EGCG effectively overcame osimertinib resistance. This study revealed that EGCG suppressed cancer bypass survival signaling and altered cancer metabolic profiles, which is a promising anticancer adjuvant of EGFR-TKIs to overcome acquired drug resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Shiqi Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yizhen Guo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Maoxin Ran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Wenying Shan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Kin Yip Tam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
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Hashemi M, Razzazan M, Bagheri M, Asadi S, Jamali B, Khalafi M, Azimi A, Rad S, Behroozaghdam M, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Dehkhoda F, Taheriazam A, Entezari M. Versatile function of AMPK signaling in osteosarcoma: An old player with new emerging carcinogenic functions. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154849. [PMID: 37837858 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling has a versatile role in Osteosarcoma (OS), an aggressive bone malignancy with a poor prognosis, particularly in cases that have metastasized or recurred. This review explores the regulatory mechanisms, functional roles, and therapeutic applications of AMPK signaling in OS. It focuses on the molecular activation of AMPK and its interactions with cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism. The uncertain role of AMPK in cancer is also discussed, highlighting its potential as both a tumor suppressor and a contributor to carcinogenesis. The therapeutic potential of targeting AMPK signaling in OS treatment is examined, including direct and indirect activators like metformin, A-769662, resveratrol, and salicylate. Further research is needed to determine dosing, toxicities, and molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-osteosarcoma effects of these compounds. This review underscores the complex involvement of AMPK signaling in OS and emphasizes the need for a comprehensive understanding of its molecular mechanisms. By elucidating the role of AMPK in OS, the aim is to pave the way for innovative therapeutic approaches that target this pathway, ultimately improving the prognosis and quality of life for OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Razzazan
- Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Maryam Bagheri
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Asadi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behdokht Jamali
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Kherad Institute of Higher Education, Bushehr, lran
| | - Maryam Khalafi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Azimi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish, Iran
| | - Sepideh Rad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics,Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Kish International Branch, Kish, Iran
| | - Mitra Behroozaghdam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Li W, Li D, Ma Q, Chen Y, Hu Z, Bai Y, Xie L. Targeted inhibition of mTOR by BML-275 induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in prostate cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 957:176035. [PMID: 37657741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men and the second leading cause of death in Western countries. Clinically, screening drugs and develop developing new therapeutics to treat PCa is of great significance. In this study, BML-275 was demonstrated to exert potent antitumor effects in PCa by antagonizing mTOR activity. In cultured PCa cells, BML-275 treatment reduced the expression levels of c-Myc and survivin, promoted the activation of p53, and thereby induced p21/cyclin D1/CDK4/6-dependent cell cycle G1/S arrest. As a result, BML-275 inhibited cellular proliferation and induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. In addition, BML-275 treatment triggered autophagy. Interestingly, EACC-mediated suppression of autophagy did not affect BML-275-induced proliferation and apoptosis. Nude mouse tumorigenic experiments also confirmed that BML-275 inhibited PCa growth, induced PCa cell apoptosis and autophagy. Mechanistically, the activities of PI3K/AKT and AMPK pathways were downregulated by BML-275 treatment in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, mTOR, a common downstream negative protein of PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling, was induced to inactivate, which may be associated with the induction of apoptosis and autophagy. The pharmacological activation of mTOR by MHY1485 abolished the induction of apoptosis and autophagy of BML-275. Molecular docking results showed that BML-275 can bind to the FKRP12-rapamycin binding site on mTOR protein, and thereby may have the same inhibitory activity on mTOR as rapamycin. Thus, these findings indicated that BML-275 induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in PCa by targeting mTOR inhibition. BML-275 may be a potential candidate for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangjian Li
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China; Department of Urology, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312030, China
| | - Dongzhang Li
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312030, China
| | - Quan Ma
- Department of Urology, The Central Hospital Affiliated to Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312030, China
| | - Yongliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Zujian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Yongheng Bai
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China.
| | - Liping Xie
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Deliktas O, Gedik ME, Koc I, Gunaydin G, Kiratli H. Modulation of AMPK Significantly Alters Uveal Melanoma Tumor Cell Viability. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:1230-1244. [PMID: 37647867 PMCID: PMC10614466 DOI: 10.1159/000533806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uveal melanoma (UM) responds poorly to targeted therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal serine/threonine protein kinase that coordinates vital processes such as cell growth. Targeting AMPK pathway, which represents a critical mechanism mediating the survival of UM cells, may prove to be a novel treatment strategy for UM. We aimed to demonstrate the effects of AMPK modulation on UM cells. METHODS In silico analyses were performed to compare UM and normal melanocyte cells via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). The effects of AMPK modulation on cell viability and proliferation in UM cell lines with different molecular profiles (i.e., 92-1, MP46, OMM2.5, and Mel270) were investigated via XTT cell viability and proliferation assays after treating the cells with varying concentrations of A-769662 (AMPK activator) or dorsomorphin (AMPK inhibitor). RESULTS KEGG/GSEA studies demonstrated that genes implicated in the AMPK signaling pathway were differentially regulated in UM. Gene sets comprising genes involved in AMPK signaling and genes involved in energy-dependent regulation of mammalian target of rapamycin by liver kinase B1-AMPK were downregulated in UM. We observed gradual decreases in the numbers of viable UM cells as the concentration of A-769662 treatment increased. All UM cells demonstrated statistically significant decreases in cell viability when treated with 200 µm A-769662. Moreover, the effects of AMPK inhibition on UM cells were potent, since low doses of dorsomorphin treatment resulted in significant decreases in viabilities of UM cells. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values confirmed the potency of dorsomorphin treatment against UM in vitro. CONCLUSION AMPK may act like a friend or a foe in cancer depending on the context. As such, the current study contributes to the literature in determining the effects of therapeutic strategies targeting AMPK in several UM cells. We propose a new perspective in the treatment of UM. Targeting AMPK pathway may open up new avenues in developing novel therapeutic approaches to improve overall survival in UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Deliktas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bursa City Hospital, Nilufer, Turkey
| | - M. Emre Gedik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Irem Koc
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hayyam Kiratli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey
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Cai J, Wang Y, Wang X, Ai Z, Li T, Pu X, Yang X, Yao Y, He J, Cheng SY, Yu T, Liu C, Yue S. AMPK attenuates SHH subgroup medulloblastoma growth and metastasis by inhibiting NF-κB activation. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:15. [PMID: 36683064 PMCID: PMC9867863 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-00963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant pediatric brain tumors. Metastasis and relapse are the leading causes of death in MB patients. The initiation of the SHH subgroup of MB (SHH-MB) is due to the aberrant activation of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling. However, the mechanisms for its metastasis are still unknown. RESULTS AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) restrains the activation of Shh signaling pathway, thereby impeding the proliferation of SHH-MB cells. More importantly, AMPK also hinders the growth and metastasis of SHH-MB cells by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway. Furthermore, Vismodegib and TPCA-1, which block the Shh and NF-κB pathways, respectively, synergistically restrained the growth, migration, and invasion of SHH-MB cells. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates that AMPK functions through two signaling pathways, SHH-GLI1 and NF-κB. AMPK-NF-κB axis is a potential target for molecular therapy of SHH-MB, and the combinational blockade of NF-κB and Shh pathways confers synergy for SHH-MB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Yue Wang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Xinfa Wang
- grid.452511.6Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Zihe Ai
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Tianyuan Li
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Xiaohong Pu
- grid.428392.60000 0004 1800 1685Departments of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Xin Yang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Yixing Yao
- Department of Pathology, Suzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Suzhou, 215200 China
| | - Junping He
- grid.452511.6Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210093 China
| | - Steven Y. Cheng
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Tingting Yu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Chen Liu
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
| | - Shen Yue
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Medical Genetics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Xenotransplantation, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166 China
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11
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Konieczny P, Adamus T, Sułkowski M, Skrzypek K, Majka M. Impact of AMPK on cervical carcinoma progression and metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:43. [PMID: 36658117 PMCID: PMC9852279 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignant neoplasm among women. Late diagnosis is directly associated with the incidence of metastatic disease and remarkably limits the effectiveness of conventional anticancer therapies at the advanced tumor stage. In this study, we investigated the role of 5'AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) in the metastatic progression of cervical cancer. Since the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known as major mechanism enabling cancer cell metastasis, cell lines, which accurately represent this process, have been used as a research model. We used C-4I and HTB-35 cervical cancer cell lines representing distant stages of the disease, in which we genetically modified the expression of the AMPK catalytic subunit α. We have shown that tumor progression leads to metabolic deregulation which results in reduced expression and activity of AMPK. We also demonstrated that AMPK is related to the ability of cells to acquire invasive phenotype and potential for in vivo metastases, and its activity may inhibit these processes. Our findings support the hypothesis that AMPK is a promising therapeutic target and modulation of its expression and activity may improve the efficacy of cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Konieczny
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Adamus
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Sułkowski
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Skrzypek
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Majka
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Krakow, Poland.
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12
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Li K, Huo Q, Li BY, Yokota H. The Double-Edged Proteins in Cancer Proteomes and the Generation of Induced Tumor-Suppressing Cells (iTSCs). Proteomes 2023; 11:proteomes11010005. [PMID: 36810561 PMCID: PMC9944087 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike a prevalent expectation that tumor cells secrete tumor-promoting proteins and stimulate the progression of neighboring tumor cells, accumulating evidence indicates that the role of tumor-secreted proteins is double-edged and context-dependent. Some of the oncogenic proteins in the cytoplasm and cell membranes, which are considered to promote the proliferation and migration of tumor cells, may inversely act as tumor-suppressing proteins in the extracellular domain. Furthermore, the action of tumor-secreted proteins by aggressive "super-fit" tumor cells can be different from those derived from "less-fit" tumor cells. Tumor cells that are exposed to chemotherapeutic agents could alter their secretory proteomes. Super-fit tumor cells tend to secrete tumor-suppressing proteins, while less-fit or chemotherapeutic agent-treated tumor cells may secrete tumor-promotive proteomes. Interestingly, proteomes derived from nontumor cells such as mesenchymal stem cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells mostly share common features with tumor cell-derived proteomes in response to certain signals. This review introduces the double-sided functions of tumor-secreted proteins and describes the proposed underlying mechanism, which would possibly be based on cell competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Qingji Huo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Bai-Yan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Correspondence: (B.-Y.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Correspondence: (B.-Y.L.); (H.Y.)
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13
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Kiseleva OI, Kurbatov IY, Arzumanian VA, Ilgisonis EV, Vakhrushev IV, Lupatov AY, Ponomarenko EA, Poverennaya EV. Exploring Dynamic Metabolome of the HepG2 Cell Line: Rise and Fall. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223548. [PMID: 36428976 PMCID: PMC9688728 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both biological and technical variations can discredit the reliability of obtained data in omics studies. In this technical note, we investigated the effect of prolonged cultivation of the HepG2 hepatoma cell line on its metabolomic profile. Using the GC × GC-MS approach, we determined the degree of metabolic variability across HepG2 cells cultured in uniform conditions for 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 days. Post-processing of obtained data revealed substantial changes in relative abundances of 110 metabolites among HepG2 samples under investigation. Our findings have implications for interpreting metabolomic results obtained from immortal cells, especially in longitudinal studies. There are still plenty of unanswered questions regarding metabolomics variability and many potential areas for future targeted and panoramic research. However, we suggest that the metabolome of cell lines is unstable and may undergo significant transformation over time, even if the culture conditions remain the same. Considering metabolomics variability on a relatively long-term basis, careful experimentation with particular attention to control samples is required to ensure reproducibility and relevance of the research results when testing both fundamentally and practically significant hypotheses.
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14
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Barrón-Gallardo CA, Garcia-Chagollán M, Morán-Mendoza AJ, Delgadillo-Cristerna R, Martínez-Silva MG, Villaseñor-García MM, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Jave-Suárez LF. A gene expression signature in HER2+ breast cancer patients related to neoadjuvant chemotherapy resistance, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Front Genet 2022; 13:991706. [PMID: 36338974 PMCID: PMC9634254 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.991706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks first in terms of mortality and incidence rates worldwide among women. The HER2+ molecular subtype is one of the most aggressive subtypes; its treatment includes neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the use of a HER2 antibody. Some patients develop resistance despite positive results obtained using this therapeutic strategy. Objective. To identify prognostic markers for treatment and survival in HER2+ patients. Methods. Patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were assigned to sensitive and resistant groups based on their treatment response. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using RNA-seq analysis. KEGG pathway, gene ontology, and interactome analyses were performed for all DEGs. An enrichment analysis Gene set enrichment analysis was performed. All DEGs were analyzed for overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Results. A total of 94 DEGs were related to treatment resistance. Survival analysis showed that 12 genes (ATF6B, DHRS13, DIRAS1, ERAL1, GRIN2B, L1CAM, IRX3, PRTFDC1, PBX2, S100B, SLC9A3R2, and TNXB) were good predictors of disease-free survival, and eight genes (GNG4, IL22RA2, MICA, S100B, SERPINF2, HLA-A, DIRAS1, and TNXB) were good predictors of overall survival (OS). Conclusion: We highlighted a molecular expression signature that can differentiate the treatment response, overall survival, and DFS of patients with HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Barrón-Gallardo
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Mariel Garcia-Chagollán
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Andres J. Morán-Mendoza
- Hospital de Ginecología, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Raul Delgadillo-Cristerna
- Departamento de Radiología e Imagen, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - María G. Martínez-Silva
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - María M. Villaseñor-García
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy, ; Luis F. Jave-Suárez,
| | - Luis F. Jave-Suárez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy, ; Luis F. Jave-Suárez,
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15
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Adham AN, Abdelfatah S, Naqishbandi A, Sugimoto Y, Fleischer E, Efferth T. Transcriptomics, molecular docking, and cross-resistance profiling of nobiletin in cancer cells and synergistic interaction with doxorubicin upon SOX5 transfection. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154064. [PMID: 35344715 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nobiletin is a polymethoxylated flavone from citrus fruit peels. Among other bioactivities, it acts antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular-protective. Nobiletin exerts profound anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. PURPOSE The aim was to unravel the multiple modes of action against cancer cells by bioinformatic and transcriptomic techniques and their verification by molecular pharmacological methods. METHODS The in silico methods used were COMPARE analysis of transcriptomic data, signaling pathway analysis, transcription factor binding motif analysis in promoter sequences of target genes, and molecular docking. The in vitro methods used were resazurin assay, isobologram analysis, generation of stably SOX5-tranfected cells, and Western blotting. RESULTS Nobiletin was cytotoxic against a wide range of cell lines from different tumor types, including diverse phenotypes to established anticancer drugs (e.g., P-glycoprotein, ABCB5, p53, EGFR). Cross-resistance profiling with 83 standard anticancer drugs revealed a correlation to antihormonal anticancer drugs, which can be explained by the phytoestrogenic features of nobiletin. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the responsiveness of tumor cells was predictable by their specific mRNA expression profile. Nobiletin bound to the transcription factor SOX5 in silico. SOX5 conferred resistance to the control drug doxorubicin but collateral sensitivity to nobiletin in HEK293 cells transfected with a lentiviral GFP-tagged pLOCORF-SOX5 vector. The combination of nobiletin and doxorubicin synergistically killed HEK293-SOX5 cells in isobologram analyses, implying attractive new treatment options. CONCLUSION Nobiletin represents an interesting candidate for cancer therapy with broad-spectrum activity and multiple modes of action. The identification of novel targets (i.e., SOX5) may allow its use for targeted tumor therapy in individualized treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aveen N Adham
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Sara Abdelfatah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Alaadin Naqishbandi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Yoshikazu Sugimoto
- Division of Chemotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Edmond Fleischer
- Fischer Analytics, Department Fischer Organics, 55413 Weiler, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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16
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Li H, Liu L, Chen HY, Yan X, Li RL, Lan J, Xue KY, Li X, Zhuo CL, Lin L, Li LY, Wu Z, Zhang D, Wang XM, Huang WJ, Wang Y, Jiang W, Zhou L. Mogrol suppresses lung cancer cell growth by activating AMPK-dependent autophagic death and inducing p53-dependent cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 444:116037. [PMID: 35489526 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of lung cancer treatment. Unfortunately, most types of cancer will develop resistance to chemotherapies over the time. One of the efforts to prevent the chemotherapy resistance is to find alternative chemotherapy drugs. Mogrol has been found to have antitumor activity. However, little is known about the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the suppression of mogrol on lung cancers. In this study, we observed that mogrol exposure significantly reduced the tumor volume and weight in tumor-bearing nude mice without obvious effect on body weight and cardiac function. Mogrol also significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells, including non-small-cell lung carcinoma cells, A549, H1299, H1975 and SK-MES-1 cells, with no obvious effect on control human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE). Further studies revealed that mogrol stirred excessive autophagy and autophagic flux, and finally, autophagic cell death, in lung cancer cells, which could be attenuated by autophagy inhibitors, 3-MA and chloroquine. Furthermore, mogrol significantly activated AMPK to induce autophagy and autophagic cell death, which could be abrogated by Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. In addition, mogrol induced a significant increase in p53 activity in lung cancer cells, accompanied with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which could be weakened by p53 silence. Our results indicated that mogrol effectively suppressed lung cancer cells in vivo and in vitro by inducing the excessive autophagy and autophagic cell death via activating AMPK signaling pathway, as well as cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via activating p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Linling Liu
- School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Chen
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ru-Li Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jie Lan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kun-Yue Xue
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Cai-Li Zhuo
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lan Lin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ling-Yu Li
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhuang Wu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Die Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xue-Mei Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Huang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yingling Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Liming Zhou
- School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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17
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Xia T, Chen D, Liu X, Qi H, Wang W, Chen H, Ling T, Otkur W, Zhang CS, Kim J, Lin SC, Piao HL. Midkine noncanonically suppresses AMPK activation through disrupting the LKB1-STRAD-Mo25 complex. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:414. [PMID: 35487917 PMCID: PMC9054788 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Midkine (MDK), a secreted growth factor, regulates signal transduction and cancer progression by interacting with receptors, and it can be internalized into the cytoplasm by endocytosis. However, its intracellular function and signaling regulation remain unclear. Here, we show that intracellular MDK interacts with LKB1 and STRAD to disrupt the LKB1-STRAD-Mo25 complex. Consequently, MDK decreases the activity of LKB1 to dampen both the basal and stress-induced activation of AMPK by glucose starvation or treatment of 2-DG. We also found that MDK accelerates cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting the activation of the LKB1-AMPK axis. In human cancers, compared to other well-known growth factors, MDK expression is most significantly upregulated in cancers, especially in liver, kidney and breast cancers, correlating with clinical outcomes and inversely correlating with phosphorylated AMPK levels. Our study elucidates an inhibitory mechanism for AMPK activation, which is mediated by the intracellular MDK through disrupting the LKB1-STRAD-Mo25 complex.
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18
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Luteolin Synergistically Enhances Antitumor Activity of Oxaliplatin in Colorectal Carcinoma via AMPK Inhibition. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040626. [PMID: 35453311 PMCID: PMC9030203 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin is a naturally-occurring polyphenolic compound that is known to have antioxidative and antitumor activities in vitro. This study aimed to examine the in vivo anticancer efficacy of luteolin in conjunction with oxaliplatin treatment using a colorectal carcinoma xenograft mouse model. HCT116 human colorectal carcinoma cells were subcutaneously implanted into BALB/c nude mice, followed by the intraperitoneal administration of luteolin at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day with or without oxaliplatin at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW/day three times per week for a total of 3 weeks. The combined luteolin and oxaliplatin treatment resulted in the synergistic suppression of the growth of HCT116 xenograft tumors when compared to treatment with luteolin or oxaliplatin alone. In addition, the combined treatment significantly increased the expression of cleaved PARP and p53 in the xenograft tumors compared with the vehicle control, but only marginally affected the level of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These results indicated that luteolin treatment retarded oxaliplatin-induced tumor growth by facilitating apoptotic cell death and inhibiting HO-1-mediated cytoprotection. Therefore, these findings suggest the synergistic potential of dietary luteolin in conjunction with conventional chemotherapy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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19
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Shi Z, Liu J, Wang F, Li Y. Integrated analysis of Solute carrier family-2 members reveals SLC2A4 as an independent favorable prognostic biomarker for breast cancer. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:555-568. [PMID: 34488531 PMCID: PMC8425726 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2021.1973788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of Solute carrier family-2 (SLC2) members play a key role of facilitative transporters, and glucose transporter (GLUT) proteins encoded by SLC2s can transport hexoses or polyols. However, the function and mechanism of SLC2s remain unclear in human cancers. Here, we explored the dysregulated expression, prognostic values, epigenetic, genetic alterations, and biomolecular network of SLC2s in human cancers. According to the data from public-omicsrepository, SLC2A4 (GLUT4) was found to be significantly downregulated in most cancers, and higher messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of SLC2A4 significantly associated with better prognosis of breast cancer (BRCA) patients. Moreover, DNA hypermethylation in the promoter of SLC2A4 may affect the regulation of its mRNA expression, and SLC2A4 was strongly correlated with pathways, including the translocation of SLC2A4 to the plasma membrane and PID INSULIN PATHWAY. In conclusion, these results provide insight into SLC2s in human cancers and suggest that SLC2A4 could be an unfavorable prognostic biomarker for the survival of BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Shi
- Department of Predictive Medicine,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, HenanUniversity,Kaifeng,China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- Department of Predictive Medicine,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, HenanUniversity,Kaifeng,China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Predictive Medicine,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, HenanUniversity,Kaifeng,China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Predictive Medicine,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Software, School of Basic Medical Sciences, HenanUniversity,Kaifeng,China
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20
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La Montagna M, Shi L, Magee P, Sahoo S, Fassan M, Garofalo M. AMPKα loss promotes KRAS-mediated lung tumorigenesis. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:2673-2689. [PMID: 34040167 PMCID: PMC8408205 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a critical sensor of energy status that coordinates cell growth with energy balance. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) the role of AMPKα is controversial and its contribution to lung carcinogenesis is not well-defined. Furthermore, it remains largely unknown whether long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the regulation of AMPK-mediated pathways. Here, we found that loss of AMPKα in combination with activation of mutant KRASG12D increased lung tumour burden and reduced survival in KrasLSLG12D/+/AMPKαfl/fl mice. In agreement, functional in vitro studies revealed that AMPKα silencing increased growth and migration of NSCLC cells. In addition, we identified an AMPKα-modulated lncRNA, KIMAT1 (ENSG00000228709), which in turn regulates AMPKα activation by stabilizing the lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB). Collectively, our study indicates that AMPKα loss promotes KRAS-mediated lung tumorigenesis and proposes a novel KRAS/KIMAT1/LDHB/AMPKα axis that could be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela La Montagna
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, at Manchester and University College London, London, UK
| | - Lei Shi
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, at Manchester and University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Magee
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, at Manchester and University College London, London, UK
| | - Sudhakar Sahoo
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Computational Biology Support, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matteo Fassan
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Medicine, Surgical Pathology & Cytopathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Michela Garofalo
- grid.5379.80000000121662407Transcriptional Networks in Lung Cancer Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, at Manchester and University College London, London, UK
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21
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Icard P, Loi M, Wu Z, Ginguay A, Lincet H, Robin E, Coquerel A, Berzan D, Fournel L, Alifano M. Metabolic Strategies for Inhibiting Cancer Development. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1461-1480. [PMID: 33530098 PMCID: PMC8321873 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a complex mix of cancerous and noncancerous cells (especially immune cells and fibroblasts) with distinct metabolisms. These cells interact with each other and are influenced by the metabolic disorders of the host. In this review, we discuss how metabolic pathways that sustain biosynthesis in cancer cells could be targeted to increase the effectiveness of cancer therapies by limiting the nutrient uptake of the cell, inactivating metabolic enzymes (key regulatory ones or those linked to cell cycle progression), and inhibiting ATP production to induce cell death. Furthermore, we describe how the microenvironment could be targeted to activate the immune response by redirecting nutrients toward cytotoxic immune cells or inhibiting the release of waste products by cancer cells that stimulate immunosuppressive cells. We also examine metabolic disorders in the host that could be targeted to inhibit cancer development. To create future personalized therapies for targeting each cancer tumor, novel techniques must be developed, such as new tracers for positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan and immunohistochemical markers to characterize the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells and their microenvironment. Pending personalized strategies that specifically target all metabolic components of cancer development in a patient, simple metabolic interventions could be tested in clinical trials in combination with standard cancer therapies, such as short cycles of fasting or the administration of sodium citrate or weakly toxic compounds (such as curcumin, metformin, lipoic acid) that target autophagy and biosynthetic or signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Icard
- Université Caen Normandie, Medical School, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, INSERM U1086, Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Loi
- Radiotherapy Department, Humanitas Cancer Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Zherui Wu
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Antonin Ginguay
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Centre, AP-HP, Paris, France
- EA4466 Laboratoire de Biologie de la Nutrition, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hubert Lincet
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR5286, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL), France
- ISPB, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Edouard Robin
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Coquerel
- INSERM U1075, Comete “Mobilités: Attention, Orientation, Chronobiologie”, Université Caen, Caen, France
| | - Diana Berzan
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Fournel
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, AP-HP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology, Paris, France
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22
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Penugurti V, Khumukcham SS, Padala C, Dwivedi A, Kamireddy KR, Mukta S, Bhopal T, Manavathi B. HPIP protooncogene differentially regulates metabolic adaptation and cell fate in breast cancer cells under glucose stress via AMPK and RNF2 dependent pathways. Cancer Lett 2021; 518:243-255. [PMID: 34302919 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
While cancer cells rewire metabolic pathways to sustain growth and survival under metabolic stress in solid tumors, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unknown. In this study, cancer cells switched from survival to death during the early to late phases of metabolic stress by employing a novel signaling switch from AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK)-Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a)-hematopoietic PBX1-interacting protein (HPIP) to the ring finger protein 2 (RNF2)-HPIP-ubiquitin (Ub) pathway. Acute metabolic stress induced proto-oncogene HPIP expression in an AMPK-FOXO3a-dependent manner in breast cancer (BC) cells. HPIP depletion reduced cell survival and tumor formation in mouse xenografts, which was accompanied by diminished intracellular ATP levels and increased apoptosis in BC cells in response to metabolic (glucose) stress. Glutamine flux (13C-labeled) analysis further suggested that HPIP rewired glutamine metabolism by controlling the expression of the solute carrier family 1 member 5 (SLC1A5) and glutaminase (GLS) genes by acting as a coactivator of MYC to ensure cell survival upon glucose deprivation. However, in response to chronic glucose stress, HPIP was ubiquitinated by the E3-Ub ligase, RNF2, and was concomitantly degraded by the proteasome-mediated pathway, ensuring apoptosis. In support of these data, clinical analyses further indicated that elevated levels of HPIP correlated with AMPK activation in BC. Taken together, these data suggest that HPIP is a signal coordinator during metabolic stress and thus serves as a potential therapeutic target in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudevarao Penugurti
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Saratchandra Singh Khumukcham
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Chiranjeevi Padala
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Anju Dwivedi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Karthik Reddy Kamireddy
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Srinivasulu Mukta
- MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Center, Hyderabad, 500004, Telangana, India
| | - Triveni Bhopal
- MNJ Institute of Oncology and Regional Cancer Center, Hyderabad, 500004, Telangana, India
| | - Bramanandam Manavathi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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23
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Comprehensive evaluation of two Astragalus species (A. campylosema and A. hirsutus) based on biological, toxicological properties and chemical profiling. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 154:112330. [PMID: 34116105 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) is an important genus with numerous species having various traditional medicinal uses making them of interest for scientific investigations to ascertain their therapeutic benefits. In the present study, the quantitative polyphenolic profiles of methanolic extracts from different parts (leaves, flowers, and roots) of two endemic Astragalus species growing in Turkey, i.e. A. campylosema Boiss. and A. hirsutus Vahl were determined, along with their antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory properties. A. campylosema and A. hirsutus extracts showed varying total phenolic (25.80-40.60 and18.59-29.46 mg GAE/g, respectively) and total flavonoid (11.21-105.91 and 16.06-131.91 mg RE/g, respectively) contents. HPLC-MS/MS revealed rutin to be the predominant phenolic compound in all the extracts of A. campylosema and leaf extract of A. hirsutus (133.53-752.42 μg g-1), while hyperoside was the major one in the flower and root extracts of A. hirsutus (2014.07 and 123.13 μg g-1, respectively). In DPPH and ABTS assays, radical scavenging capacity was demonstrated by all extracts of A. campylosema (47.13-48.10 and 87.03-115.36 mg TE/g, respectively) and A. hirsutus (17.82-38.67 and 47.84-57.29 mg TE/g, respectively). Reducing activity was also displayed by the extracts in CUPRAC and FRAP assays (A. campylosema: 83.06-135.20 and 59.15-90.19 mg TE/g, respectively; A. hirsutus: 53.02-83.42 and 31.25-43.25 mg TE/g, respectively). All extracts were also found to act as metal chelators (12.32-21.45 mg EDTAE/g) and exhibited total antioxidant capacity ranging from 1.16 to 1.60 mmol TE/g, in phosphomolybdenum assay. Acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitory effects were observed by all the extracts of the two species (1.56-4.99 mg GALAE/g). Anti-hyperpigmentation potential by inhibiting tyrosinase (54.55-67.35 mg KAE/g) was reported as well. Carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, amylase and glucosidase were also inhibited (0.22-1.03 mmol ACAE/g). Overall, A. campylosema extracts showed relatively better antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potentials compared to A. hirsutus extracts. Strikingly, A. hirsutus extracts was found to have higher AGE inhibition activity than A. campylosema. Although the cytotoxic effect of three different organs obtained from A. campylosema and A. hirsutus increased depending on the dose (from 10 to 200 μg/mL), it was found that both plant extracts did not show a genotoxic effect at the highest concentration of 200 μg/mL. Indeed, data amassed from this current scientific work showed the two selected Astragalus species to be rich in bioactive polyphenols that could be responsible for the various pharmacological activities and hence demands to be further explored for their possible applications as natural health promoting agents.
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24
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Shait Mohammed MR, Alghamdi RA, Alzahrani AM, Zamzami MA, Choudhry H, Khan MI. Compound C, a Broad Kinase Inhibitor Alters Metabolic Fingerprinting of Extra Cellular Matrix Detached Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:612778. [PMID: 33718166 PMCID: PMC7947618 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.612778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Most of the cancer related deaths are caused mainly by metastasis. Therefore, it is highly important to unfold the major mechanisms governing metastasis process in cancer. Throughout the metastatic cascade, cells need the ability to survive without attachment to neighboring cells and the original Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). Recent reports showed that loss of ECM attachment shifts cancer cell metabolism towards glycolysis mostly through hypoxia. However, AMPK, a master metabolic regulator was also found to be upregulated under ECM detached conditions. Therefore, in this work we aimed to understand the consequences of targeting AMPK and other metabolic kinases by a broad kinase inhibitor namely Compound C in ECM detached cancer cells. Results showed that Compound C impacts glycolysis as evident by increased levels of pyruvate, but reduces its conversion to lactate thereby negatively regulating the Warburg effect. Simultaneously, Compound C induces block at multiple levels in TCA cycle as evident from accumulation of various TCA metabolites. Interestingly Compound C significantly reduces glutamine and reduced glutathione levels, suggesting loss of antioxidant potential of ECM detached cancer cells. Further, we found increased in metabolites associated with nucleotide synthesis, one carbon metabolism and PPP pathway during Compound C treatment of ECM detached cells. Finally, we also found induction in metabolites associated with DNA damage in ECM detached cancer cells during Compound C treatment, suggesting DNA damage regulatory role of metabolic kinases. Overall, our results showed that Compound C represses pyruvate to lactate conversion, reduces antioxidant potential and invokes DNA damage in ECM detached cancer cells. Our data provides a comprehensive metabolic map of ECM detached cancer cells that can be targeted with a broad kinase inhibitor, is Compound C. The data can be used for designing new combinational therapies to eradicate ECM detached cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Razeeth Shait Mohammed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raed Ahmed Alghamdi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Cancer and Mutagenesis Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Rackley B, Seong CS, Kiely E, Parker RE, Rupji M, Dwivedi B, Heddleston JM, Giang W, Anthony N, Chew TL, Gilbert-Ross M. The level of oncogenic Ras determines the malignant transformation of Lkb1 mutant tissue in vivo. Commun Biol 2021; 4:142. [PMID: 33514834 PMCID: PMC7846793 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The genetic and metabolic heterogeneity of RAS-driven cancers has confounded therapeutic strategies in the clinic. To address this, rapid and genetically tractable animal models are needed that recapitulate the heterogeneity of RAS-driven cancers in vivo. Here, we generate a Drosophila melanogaster model of Ras/Lkb1 mutant carcinoma. We show that low-level expression of oncogenic Ras (RasLow) promotes the survival of Lkb1 mutant tissue, but results in autonomous cell cycle arrest and non-autonomous overgrowth of wild-type tissue. In contrast, high-level expression of oncogenic Ras (RasHigh) transforms Lkb1 mutant tissue resulting in lethal malignant tumors. Using simultaneous multiview light-sheet microcopy, we have characterized invasion phenotypes of Ras/Lkb1 tumors in living larvae. Our molecular analysis reveals sustained activation of the AMPK pathway in malignant Ras/Lkb1 tumors, and demonstrate the genetic and pharmacologic dependence of these tumors on CaMK-activated Ampk. We further show that LKB1 mutant human lung adenocarcinoma patients with high levels of oncogenic KRAS exhibit worse overall survival and increased AMPK activation. Our results suggest that high levels of oncogenic KRAS is a driving event in the malignant transformation of LKB1 mutant tissue, and uncovers a vulnerability that may be used to target this aggressive genetic subset of RAS-driven tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana Rackley
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chang-Soo Seong
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Evan Kiely
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Research Informatics, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca E Parker
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Manali Rupji
- Biostatistics Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bhakti Dwivedi
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Shared Resource, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John M Heddleston
- Advanced Imaging Center, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - William Giang
- Integrated Cellular Imaging Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Neil Anthony
- Integrated Cellular Imaging Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Teng-Leong Chew
- Advanced Imaging Center, Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Melissa Gilbert-Ross
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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26
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Ma S, Zhao X, Zhang C, Sun P, Li Y, Lin X, Sun T, Fu Z. Ozone Exposure Induces Metabolic Disorders and NAD+ Depletion Through PARP1 Activation in Spinal Cord Neurons. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:617321. [PMID: 33425964 PMCID: PMC7789457 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.617321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Ozone therapy has shown therapeutic efficacy in different disorders particularly low back pain (LBP). However, ozone therapy has been associated with toxic effects on the respiratory, endocrine, cardiovascular systems as well as nervous system because of its strong oxidizing capacity. Recent studies have reported possible associations between ozone exposure and metabolic disorders, but the findings are controversial and little is known on the mechanisms of action. This study aims to investigate the cytotoxic effects of ozone exposure and possible mechanism of action in the animal model. Methods: Wistar neonate rats with the age of 24 h after birth were sacrificed by cervical dislocation under general anesthesia, then immersed in 75% alcohol and iodophor for 5 min, respectively. The spinal cord was isolated and cut to samples of ~1 mm3 and prepared for further experiments. The spinal cord neurons (SCNs) were exposed to ozone at different concentrations and then cultured in 96-well plates with glass bottom for 7 days. The cell viability, ATP levels and the NAD+ concentration were determined and compared between the different experimental groups and the control group. Results: Analyses of the data by non-targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis determined the metabolic disorder in SCNs following the ozone exposure. Moreover, our assessments showed that ozone exposure resulted in DNA damage, poly (ADP)-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP1) excessive activation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) depletion and decrease of ATP level in SCNs. The PARP1 inhibitor can inhibit the cytotoxic effect of ozone to SCNs without inhibiting the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Our findings revealed that the cytotoxic effects of ozone to SCNs might be mediated by excessive PARP1 activation and subsequent NAD+ depletion. Moreover, using PARP1 inhibitor can protect SCNs from cytotoxic effects of ozone by preventing NAD+ depletion during ozone exposure. Conclusion: Ozone exposure seems to induce metabolic disorders and NAD+ depletion through excessive PARP1 activation in SCNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Ma
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaowen Lin
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhijian Fu
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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27
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Loesch DZ, Kemp BE, Bui MQ, Fisher PR, Allan CY, Sanislav O, Ngoei KRW, Atkinson A, Tassone F, Annesley SJ, Storey E. Cellular Bioenergetics and AMPK and TORC1 Signalling in Blood Lymphoblasts Are Biomarkers of Clinical Status in FMR1 Premutation Carriers. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:747268. [PMID: 34880790 PMCID: PMC8645580 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.747268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting carriers of premutation alleles (PM) of the X-linked FMR1 gene, which contain CGG repeat expansions of 55-200 range in a non-coding region. This late-onset disorder is characterised by the presence of tremor/ataxia and cognitive decline, associated with the white matter lesions throughout the brain, especially involving the middle cerebellar peduncles. Nearly half of older male and ~ 20% of female PM carriers develop FXTAS. While there is evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in neural and some peripheral tissues from FXTAS patients (though less obvious in the non-FXTAS PM carriers), the results from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are still controversial. Motor, cognitive, and neuropsychiatric impairments were correlated with measures of mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial respiratory activity, AMPK, and TORC1 cellular stress-sensing protein kinases, and CGG repeat size, in a sample of adult FXTAS male and female carriers. Moreover, the levels of these cellular measures, all derived from Epstein- Barr virus (EBV)- transformed and easily accessible blood lymphoblasts, were compared between the FXTAS (N = 23) and non-FXTAS (n = 30) subgroups, and with baseline data from 33 healthy non-carriers. A significant hyperactivity of cellular bioenergetics components as compared with the baseline data, more marked in the non-FXTAS PMs, was negatively correlated with repeat numbers at the lower end of the CGG-PM distribution. Significant associations of these components with motor impairment measures, including tremor-ataxia and parkinsonism, and neuropsychiatric changes, were prevalent in the FXTAS subgroup. Moreover, a striking elevation of AMPK activity, and a decrease in TORC1 levels, especially in the non-FXTAS carriers, were related to the size of CGG expansion. The bioenergetics changes in blood lymphoblasts are biomarkers of the clinical status of FMR1 carriers. The relationship between these changes and neurological involvement in the affected carriers suggests that brain bioenergetic alterations are reflected in this peripheral tissue. A possible neuroprotective role of stress sensing kinase, AMPK, in PM carriers, should be addressed in future longitudinal studies. A decreased level of TORC1-the mechanistic target of the rapamycin complex, suggests a possible future approach to therapy in FXTAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Z Loesch
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VA, Australia
| | - Bruce E Kemp
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VA, Australia.,St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VA, Australia
| | - Minh Q Bui
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic and Analytic, Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VA, Australia
| | - Paul R Fisher
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VA, Australia
| | - Claire Y Allan
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VA, Australia
| | - Oana Sanislav
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VA, Australia
| | - Kevin R W Ngoei
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VA, Australia
| | - Anna Atkinson
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VA, Australia
| | - Flora Tassone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine M.I.N.D. Institute, University of California Davis Medical Center, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Sarah J Annesley
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VA, Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- Department of Medicine (Neuroscience), Monash University, Alfred Hospital Campus, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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28
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Exploiting the metabolic dependencies of the broad amino acid transporter SLC6A14. Oncotarget 2020; 11:4490-4503. [PMID: 33400734 PMCID: PMC7721610 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells typically enhance their metabolic capacity to sustain their higher rate of growth and proliferation. One way to elevate the nutrient intake into cancer cells is to increase the expression of genes encoding amino acid transporters, which may represent targetable vulnerabilities. Here, we study the regulation and function of the broad amino acid transporter SLC6A14 in combination with metabolic stress, providing insights into an uncharacterized aspect of the transporter activity. We analyze the pattern of transcriptional changes in a panel of breast cancer cell lines upon metabolic stress and found that SLC6A14 expression levels are increased in the absence of methionine. Methionine deprivation, which can be achieved via modulation of dietary methionine intake in tumor cells, in turn leads to a heightened activation of the AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) in SLC6A14-deficient cells. While SLC6A14 genetic deficiency does not have a major impact on cell proliferation, combined depletion of AMPK and SLC6A14 leads to an increase in apoptosis upon methionine starvation, suggesting that combined targeting of SLC6A14 and AMPK can be exploited as a therapeutic approach to starve tumor cells.
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29
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Oliveira GL, Coelho AR, Marques R, Oliveira PJ. Cancer cell metabolism: Rewiring the mitochondrial hub. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:166016. [PMID: 33246010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To adapt to tumoral environment conditions or even to escape chemotherapy, cells rapidly reprogram their metabolism to handle adversities and survive. Given the rapid rise of studies uncovering novel insights and therapeutic opportunities based on the role of mitochondria in tumor metabolic programing and therapeutics, this review summarizes most significant developments in the field. Taking in mind the key role of mitochondria on carcinogenesis and tumor progression due to their involvement on tumor plasticity, metabolic remodeling, and signaling re-wiring, those organelles are also potential therapeutic targets. Among other topics, we address the recent data intersecting mitochondria as of prognostic value and staging in cancer, by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) determination, and current inhibitors developments targeting mtDNA, OXPHOS machinery and metabolic pathways. We contribute for a holistic view of the role of mitochondria metabolism and directed therapeutics to understand tumor metabolism, to circumvent therapy resistance, and to control tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela L Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ana R Coelho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Marques
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.
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Methionine Supplementation Affects Metabolism and Reduces Tumor Aggressiveness in Liver Cancer Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112491. [PMID: 33207837 PMCID: PMC7696226 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common cancer worldwide with a high mortality. Methionine is an essential amino acid required for normal development and cell growth, is mainly metabolized in the liver, and its role as an anti-cancer supplement is still controversial. Here, we evaluate the effects of methionine supplementation in liver cancer cells. An integrative proteomic and metabolomic analysis indicates a rewiring of the central carbon metabolism, with an upregulation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in the presence of high methionine and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibition. Methionine supplementation also reduces growth rate in liver cancer cells and induces the activation of both the AMPK and mTOR pathways. Interestingly, in high methionine concentration, inhibition of AMPK strongly impairs cell growth, cell migration, and colony formation, indicating the main role of AMPK in the control of liver cancer phenotypes. Therefore, regulation of methionine in the diet combined with AMPK inhibition could reduce liver cancer progression.
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31
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Comprehensive Characterization of Prognostic Long Noncoding RNAs in Osteosarcoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:6725753. [PMID: 32908905 PMCID: PMC7468628 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6725753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of osteosarcoma (OS) based on protein-coding genes has largely been studied in the past decades. However, much remains to be explored when it comes to the role that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play in the pathogenesis and progression of OS and how they are associated with OS metastasis. In the present study, we collected RNA-seq-based gene expression data of 82 OS samples from the Therapeutically Applicable Research To Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) database, along with their clinical information. We found that 50 lncRNAs were significantly associated with patients' survival by univariable Cox regression model. Moreover, we built multivariable Cox regression model based on 7 lncRNAs and successfully stratified patients into two risk groups, which exhibited significantly different prognostic outcomes. Significantly enriched Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways detected by differential expression analysis on DEGs between the two groups with different prognostic outcomes were both immune-related, indicating that such GO terms and pathways are critical for OS survival. Among the seven lncRNA signatures, AC011442.1 was predicted to act as an oncogenic driver in OS by correlation analysis of copy number alteration (CNA) and lncRNA expression, and it was predicted to regulate AMPK and hedgehog signaling pathways. In summary, the identification of novel prognostic lncRNAs in OS could not only improved our understanding of the lncRNAs involved in OS tumorigenesis or progression but also assist the diagnosis and development of molecularly targeted therapies for OS, which in turn benefit patients' survival.
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32
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Dunn DM, Munger J. Interplay Between Calcium and AMPK Signaling in Human Cytomegalovirus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:384. [PMID: 32850483 PMCID: PMC7403205 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling networks broadly regulate numerous aspects of cell biology. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been found to actively manipulate the calcium-AMPK signaling axis to support infection. Many HCMV genes have been linked to modulating calcium signaling, and HCMV infection has been found to be reliant on calcium signaling and AMPK activation. Here, we focus on the cell biology of calcium and AMPK signaling and what is currently known about how HCMV modulates these pathways to support HCMV infection and potentially contribute to oncomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Joshua Munger
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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33
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Ye H, Liu Y, Wu K, Luo H, Cui L. AMPK activation overcomes anti-EGFR antibody resistance induced by KRAS mutation in colorectal cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:115. [PMID: 32703218 PMCID: PMC7376720 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies (both acquired and intrinsic), owing to the amplification or mutation of the KRAS oncogene. However, the mechanism underlying this resistance is incompletely understood. Methods DLD1 cells with WT (+/−) or KRAS G13D mutant allele were treated with different concentrations of Cetuximab (Cet) or panitumumab (Pab) to study the mechanism underlying the KRAS mutation-induced resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies. The function of AMPK in KRAS mutation-induced resistance to anti-EGFR antibodies in CRC cells, and the regulatory role of Bcl-2 family proteins in DLD1 cells with WT or mutated KRAS upon AMPK activation were investigated. In addition, xenograft tumor models with the nude mouse using DLD1 cells with WT or mutated KRAS were established to examine the effects of AMPK activation on KRAS mutation-mediated anti-EGFR antibody resistance. Results Higher levels of AMPK activity in CRC cells with wild-type KRAS treated with anti-EGFR antibody resulted in apoptosis induction. In contrast, CRC cells with mutated KRAS showed lower AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and decreased sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of anti-EGFR antibody. CRC cells with mutated KRAS showed high levels of glycolysis and produced an excessive amount of ATP, which suppressed AMPK activation. The knockdown of AMPK expression in CRC cells with WT KRAS produced similar effects to those observed in cells with mutated KRAS and decreased their sensitivity to cetuximab. On the contrary, the activation of AMPK by metformin (Met) or 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) could overcome the KRAS-induced resistance to the anti-EGFR antibody in vivo and in vitro. The activation of AMPK resulted in the inhibition of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1) translation through the suppression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Conclusion The results established herein indicate that targeting AMPK is a potentially promising and effective CRC treatment strategy. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ye
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China. .,Institute of Marine Biomedical Research, Guangdong Medical University, No.2 Wenming East Road, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China. .,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Marine Biomedical Research, Guangdong Medical University, No.2 Wenming East Road, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kefeng Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Marine Biomedical Research, Guangdong Medical University, No.2 Wenming East Road, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hui Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Marine Biomedical Research, Guangdong Medical University, No.2 Wenming East Road, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liao Cui
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China.,Institute of Marine Biomedical Research, Guangdong Medical University, No.2 Wenming East Road, Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, 524023, Guangdong Province, China
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Matheson CJ, Casalvieri KA, Backos DS, Minhajuddin M, Jordan CT, Reigan P. Substituted oxindol-3-ylidenes as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 197:112316. [PMID: 32334266 PMCID: PMC7409528 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a central metabolic regulator that promotes cancer growth and survival under hypoxia and plays a role in the maintenance of cancer stem cells. A major challenge to interrogating the potential of targeting AMPK in cancer is the lack of potent and selective small molecule inhibitors. Compound C has been widely used as an AMPK inhibitor, but it lacks potency and has a poor selectivity profile. The multi-kinase inhibitor, sunitinib, has demonstrated potent nanomolar inhibition of AMPK activity and has scope for modification. Here, we have designed and synthesized several series of oxindoles to determine the structural requirements for AMPK inhibition and to improve selectivity. We identified two potent, novel oxindole-based AMPK inhibitors that were designed to interact with the DFG motif in the ATP-binding site of AMPK, this key feature evades interaction with the common recptor tyrosine kinase targets of sunitinib. Cellular engagement of AMPK by these oxindoles was confirmed by the inhibition of phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), a known substrate of AMPK, in myeloid leukemia cells. Interestingly, although AMPK is highly expressed and activated in K562 cells these oxindole-based AMPK inhibitors did not impact cell viability or result in significant cytotoxicity. Our studies serve as a platform for the further development of oxindole-based AMPK inhibitors with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Matheson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Kimberly A Casalvieri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Donald S Backos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Mohammed Minhajuddin
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12700 E 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Philip Reigan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12850 East Montview Boulevard, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Ranganathan S, Kumar S, Mohanty SS, Jolly MK, Rangarajan A. Cellular Plasticity in Matrix-attached and -Detached Cells: Implications in Metastasis. J Indian Inst Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-020-00179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Icard P, Ollivier L, Forgez P, Otz J, Alifano M, Fournel L, Loi M, Thariat J. Perspective: Do Fasting, Caloric Restriction, and Diets Increase Sensitivity to Radiotherapy? A Literature Review. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:1089-1101. [PMID: 32492154 PMCID: PMC7490158 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric starvation, as well as various diets, has been proposed to increase the oxidative DNA damage induced by radiotherapy (RT). However, some diets could have dual effects, sometimes promoting cancer growth, whereas proposing caloric restriction may appear counterproductive during RT considering that the maintenance of weight is a major factor for the success of this therapy. A systematic review was performed via a PubMed search on RT and fasting, or caloric restriction, ketogenic diet (>75% of fat-derived energy intake), protein starvation, amino acid restriction, as well as the Warburg effect. Twenty-six eligible original articles (17 preclinical studies and 9 clinical noncontrolled studies on low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets popularized as ketogenic diets, representing a total of 77 patients) were included. Preclinical experiments suggest that a short period of fasting prior to radiation, and/or transient caloric restriction during treatment course, can increase tumor responsiveness. These regimens promote accumulation of oxidative lesions and insufficient repair, subsequently leading to cancer cell death. Due to their more flexible metabolism, healthy cells should be less sensitive, shifting their metabolism to support survival and repair. Interestingly, these regimens might stimulate an acute anticancer immune response, and may be of particular interest in tumors with high glucose uptake on positron emission tomography scan, a phenotype associated with poor survival and resistance to RT. Preclinical studies with ketogenic diets yielded more conflicting results, perhaps because cancer cells can sometimes metabolize fatty acids and/or ketone bodies. Randomized trials are awaited to specify the role of each strategy according to the clinical setting, although more stringent definitions of proposed diet, nutritional status, and consensual criteria for tumor response assessment are needed. In conclusion, dietary interventions during RT could be a simple and medically economical and inexpensive method that may deserve to be tested to improve efficiency of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Icard
- Université Caen Normandie, Normandie University, UNICAEN, Medical School, CHU de Caen, Caen, France,Inserm U1086 Interdisciplinary Research Unit for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France,Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, APHP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France,Address correspondence to PI (e-mail: )
| | - Luc Ollivier
- Centre Hospitalier de Brest, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France,Centre François Baclesse, Radiotherapy Unit, Caen, France
| | - Patricia Forgez
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Cellular Homeostasis and Cancer, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Joelle Otz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marco Alifano
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, APHP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France,INSERM U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ludovic Fournel
- Service de Chirurgie Thoracique, Hôpital Cochin, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, APHP, Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France,INSERM U1138, Integrative Cancer Immunology, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Loi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Paris Est University Hospitals, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Thariat
- Université Caen Normandie, Normandie University, UNICAEN, Medical School, CHU de Caen, Caen, France,Centre François Baclesse, Radiotherapy Unit, Caen, France,Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, IN2P3, Normandie University/UNICAEN/CNRS, Caen, France
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NRF2-driven redox metabolism takes center stage in cancer metabolism from an outside-in perspective. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:321-336. [PMID: 32130657 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer development is a process of somatic clonal evolution. Darwinian principles of evolution emphasize the interaction between heritable individual variability and selective pressure from the environment. However, the current prevailing concept of cancer evolution mostly focuses on the alterations of genes, signaling, and metabolism inside cells, which underestimates the impact of environmental pressure in selecting the adapted cells. Recently, unsuccessful outcomes and many concerns raised in targeting those alterations inside cells have cast doubt on the current "cell-centric" paradigm of cancer formation, which necessitates a paradigm shift to an outside-in direction that considers environmental changes as a driver in determining the characteristics of selected cells. In the tumor microenvironment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most abundant chemical constituents generated by inflammatory and hypoxic conditions. Because of their cytotoxicity when present at high levels, ROS should be the pressure that selects cells with a high capacity for ROS metabolism and antioxidant defense, both of which are referred to as redox metabolism. Cancer genome analyses have found that nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), which plays an indispensable role in redox metabolism, is frequently activated in many types of cancer, particularly lung cancer. This suggests that an ROS-rich microenvironment drives the selection, survival, and growth of cells with high NRF2 activity. Thus, NRF2-driven redox metabolism should be the most crucial part of cancer metabolism, proposing NRF2 inhibitor as an attractive therapeutic target for cancer.
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38
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Chang L, Fang S, Gu W. The Molecular Mechanism of Metabolic Remodeling in Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2020; 11:1403-1411. [PMID: 32047547 PMCID: PMC6995370 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodeling is a key phenomenon in the occurrence and development of tumors. It not only offers materials and energy for the survival and proliferation of tumor cells, but also protects tumor cells so that they may survive, proliferate and transfer in the harsh microenvironment. This paper attempts to reveal the role of abnormal metabolism in the development of lung cancer by considering the processes of glycolysis and lipid metabolism, Identification of the molecules that are specifically used in the processes of glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and their underlying molecular mechanisms, is of great clinical and theoretical significance. We will focus on the recent progress in elucidating the molecular mechanism of metabolic remodeling in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Gu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University. No. 68 Changle Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing 210001,People's Republic of China
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Mroueh FM, Noureldein M, Zeidan YH, Boutary S, Irani SAM, Eid S, Haddad M, Barakat R, Harb F, Costantine J, Kanj R, Sauleau EA, Ouhtit A, Azar ST, Eid AH, Eid AA. Unmasking the interplay between mTOR and Nox4: novel insights into the mechanism connecting diabetes and cancer. FASEB J 2019; 33:14051-14066. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900396rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Mohsen Mroueh
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamed Noureldein
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef H. Zeidan
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Suzan Boutary
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara Abou Merhi Irani
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Stéphanie Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mary Haddad
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rasha Barakat
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Frederic Harb
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Joseph Costantine
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rouwaida Kanj
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Erik-André Sauleau
- Department of Biostatistics, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7357 ICube, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami T. Azar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- American University of Beirut (AUB) Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assaad A. Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- American University of Beirut (AUB) Diabetes, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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40
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Okubo K, Isono M, Miyai K, Asano T, Sato A. Fluvastatin potentiates anticancer activity of vorinostat in renal cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2019; 111:112-126. [PMID: 31675763 PMCID: PMC6942444 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repositioning is an emerging approach to developing novel cancer treatments. Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor approved for cancer treatment, but it could attenuate its anticancer activity by activating the mTOR pathway. The HMG‐CoA reductase inhibitor fluvastatin reportedly activates the mTOR inhibitor AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), and we thought that it would potentiate vorinostat's anticancer activity in renal cancer cells. The combination of vorinostat and fluvastatin induced robust apoptosis and inhibited renal cancer growth effectively both in vitro and in vivo. Vorinostat activated the mTOR pathway, as evidenced by the phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6, and fluvastatin inhibited this phosphorylation by activating AMPK. Fluvastatin also enhanced vorinostat‐induced histone acetylation. Furthermore, the combination induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress that was accompanied by aggresome formation. We also found that there was a positive feedback cycle among AMPK activation, histone acetylation, and ER stress induction. This is the first study to report the beneficial combined effect of vorinostat and fluvastatin in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Okubo
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Makoto Isono
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Miyai
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Takako Asano
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Sato
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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41
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Wang YN, Lu YX, Liu J, Jin Y, Bi HC, Zhao Q, Liu ZX, Li YQ, Hu JJ, Sheng H, Jiang YM, Zhang C, Tian F, Chen Y, Pan ZZ, Chen G, Zeng ZL, Liu KY, Ogasawara M, Yun JP, Ju HQ, Feng JX, Xie D, Gao S, Jia WH, Kopetz S, Xu RH, Wang F. AMPKα1 confers survival advantage of colorectal cancer cells under metabolic stress by promoting redox balance through the regulation of glutathione reductase phosphorylation. Oncogene 2019; 39:637-650. [PMID: 31530934 PMCID: PMC6962094 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with stage II or III colorectal cancer (CRC) exhibit various clinical outcomes after radical treatments. The 5-year survival rate was between 50 and 87%. However, the underlying mechanisms of the variation remain unclear. Here we show that AMPKα1 is overexpressed in CRC patient specimens and the high expression is correlated with poor patient survival. We further reveal a previously unrecognized function of AMPKα1, which maintains high level of reduced glutathione to keep reduction–oxidation reaction (redox) homeostasis under stress conditions, thus promoting CRC cell survival under metabolic stress in vitro and enhancing tumorigenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, AMPKα1 regulate the glutathione reductase (GSR) phosphorylation possibly through residue Thr507 which enhances its activity. Suppression of AMPKα1 by using nano-sized polymeric vector induces a favorable therapeutic effect, especially when in combination with oxaliplatin. Our study uncovers a novel function of AMPKα1 in redox regulation and identifies a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Nan Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-Xin Lu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Chang Bi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Qin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia-Jia Hu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Sheng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ming Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yang Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao-Lei Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai-Yan Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Marcia Ogasawara
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Jin-Ping Yun
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Huai-Qiang Ju
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Xiong Feng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan Xie
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Song Gao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 510060, Guangzhou, China.
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42
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Lebelo MT, Joubert AM, Visagie MH. Warburg effect and its role in tumourigenesis. Arch Pharm Res 2019; 42:833-847. [PMID: 31473944 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-019-01185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is a crucial molecule in energy production and produces different end products in non-tumourigenic- and tumourigenic tissue metabolism. Tumourigenic cells oxidise glucose by fermentation and generate lactate and adenosine triphosphate even in the presence of oxygen (Warburg effect). The Na+/H+-antiporter is upregulated in tumourigenic cells resulting in release of lactate- and H+ ions into the extracellular space. Accumulation of lactate- and proton ions in the extracellular space results in an acidic environment that promotes invasion and metastasis. Otto Warburg reported that tumourigenic cells have defective mitochondria that produce less energy. However, decades later it became evident that these mitochondria have adapted with alterations in mitochondrial content, structure, function and activity. Mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy regulate the formation of new mitochondria and degradation of defective mitochondria in order to combat accumulation of mutagenic mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid. Tumourigenic cells also produce increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from upregulated glycolysis leading to pathogenesis including cancer. Moderate ROS levels exert proliferative- and prosurvival signaling, while high ROS quantities induce cell death. Understanding the crosstalk between aberrant metabolism, redox regulation, mitochondrial adaptions and pH regulation provides scientific- and medical communities with new opportunities to explore cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maphuti T Lebelo
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0007, South Africa
| | - Anna M Joubert
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0007, South Africa
| | - Michelle H Visagie
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0007, South Africa.
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43
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Albini A, Bassani B, Baci D, Dallaglio K, Gallazzi M, Corradino P, Bruno A, Noonan DM. Nutraceuticals and "Repurposed" Drugs of Phytochemical Origin in Prevention and Interception of Chronic Degenerative Diseases and Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:973-987. [PMID: 28933290 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170920144130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic, degenerative diseases are often characterized by inflammation and aberrant angiogenesis. For these pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, cancer, diabetes, and obesity, current therapies have limited efficacy. OBJECTIVES The validation of novel (chemo)preventive and interceptive approaches, and the use of new or repurposed agents, alone or in combination with registered drugs, are urgently required. RESULTS Phytochemicals (triterpenoids, flavonoids, retinoids) and their derivatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin) as well as biguanides (metformin and phenformin) originally developed from phytochemical backbones, are multi-target agents showing antiangiogenic and anti-anti-inflammatory proprieties. Many of them target AMPK and metabolic pathways such as the mTOR axis. We summarize the beneficial effects of several compounds in conferring protection and supporting therapy, and as a paradigm, we present data on terpenoids & biquanides on beer hop xanthohumol and hydroxytryrosol from olive mill waste waters. CONCLUSIONS These molecules could be employed for combinatorial chemoprevention and interception approaches or chemoprevention/therapy regimens for cancer and other chronic complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Albini
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Bassani
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Katiuscia Dallaglio
- Laboratory of Translational Research, IRCCS Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Matteo Gallazzi
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paola Corradino
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy
| | - Douglas M Noonan
- Scientific and Technology Park, IRCCS MultiMedica, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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44
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Bizjak M, Malavašič P, Pirkmajer S, Pavlin M. Comparison of the effects of metformin on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in a monolayer culture and in tumor spheroids as a function of nutrient concentrations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:296-302. [PMID: 31146913 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic pathways of cancer cells depend on the concentrations of nutrients in their micro-environment as well as on the cell-to-cell interactions. Here we examined the effects of glucose, pyruvate and glutamine on the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to metabolic drug metformin using standard 2D culture, in which cells are grown in a monolayer, and 3D tumor spheroids, in which three-dimensional growth of cells better mimics a tumor. To examine effects of nutrients on metformin action, MDA-MB-231 cells were grown in commonly used media (DMEM, MEM and RPMI-1640) that differ mainly in the concentrations of amino acids. We used MTS assay and Hoechst and propidium iodide staining to determine cell number, viability and survival, respectively. We also determined the size of tumor spheroids and assessed effects of nutrients on metformin-stimulated AMP-activated protein kinase activation. Non-essential amino acids suppressed the effects of metformin on MDA-MB-231 cells in a 2D culture and in 3D tumor spheroids. Glutamine and pyruvate weakly diminished the effects of metformin in 2D culture. Furthermore, glucose protected tumor spheroids against metformin-induced disintegration. Our results show that nutrient availability must be considered when we evaluate the effects of metformin in 2D culture and in biologically more relevant 3D tumor spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maruša Bizjak
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Petra Malavašič
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Group for Nano and Biotechnological Applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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45
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Arif T, Amsalem Z, Shoshan-Barmatz V. Metabolic Reprograming Via Silencing of Mitochondrial VDAC1 Expression Encourages Differentiation of Cancer Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:24-37. [PMID: 31195298 PMCID: PMC6562189 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial gatekeeper voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) controls metabolic and energy cross-talk between mitochondria and the rest of the cell and is involved in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. Here, we compared the effects of downregulated VDAC1 expression in the U-87MG glioblastoma, MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and A549 lung cancer cell lines, using small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to human VDAC1 (si-hVDAC1). The cells were subjected to si-hVDAC1 (50 nM) treatment for 5–20 days. Although VDAC1 silencing occurred within a day, the cells underwent reprograming with respect to rewiring metabolism, elimination of cancer stem cells (CSCs), and alteration of transcription factor (TF) expression and proteins associated with differentiation, with maximal changes being observed after 3 weeks of silencing VDAC1 expression. The differentiation into fewer tumorigenic cells may be associated with the elimination of CSCs. These alterations are interconnected, as protein up- or downregulation occurred simultaneously, starting 15–20 days after VDAC1 levels were first decreased. Moreover, the VDAC1 depletion-mediated effects on a network of key regulators of cell metabolism, CSCs, TFs, and other factors leading to differentiation are coordinated and are common to the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and lung and breast cancer cell lines, despite differing in origin and carried mutations. Thus, our study showed that VDAC1 depletion triggers reprograming of malignant cancer cells into terminally differentiated cells and that this may be a promising therapeutic approach for various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasleem Arif
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Zohar Amsalem
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
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46
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Qin Y, Sekine I, Hanazono M, Morinaga T, Fan M, Takiguchi Y, Tada Y, Shingyoji M, Yamaguchi N, Tagawa M. AMPK activation induced in pemetrexed-treated cells is associated with development of drug resistance independently of target enzyme expression. Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1419-1432. [PMID: 31033201 PMCID: PMC6547620 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemetrexed (PEM) inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis and is currently one of the first‐line agents for mesothelioma. PEM suppresses the activities of several enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine synthesis, and elevated activity of these enzymes in tumors is often linked with resistance to PEM. The agent also stimulates AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and consequently influences the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathways. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether PEM resistance is linked to the AMPK or mTORC1 pathways. Here, we established two independent PEM‐resistant mesothelioma cell lines in which expression of the PEM‐target enzymes was not elevated, and found that levels of phosphorylated AMPK and p70S6K and, to a lesser extent, levels of phosphorylated AKT and p53, were increased in these cells as compared with the respective parent cells. PEM stimulation also augmented phosphorylation of AMPK, p70S6K, AKT and p53 in most cases. An AMPK activator increased phosphorylation and PEM resistance in parental cells, and the inhibitor decreased the resistance of PEM‐resistant cells. In contrast, inhibitors for p70S6K and AKT did not influence PEM resistance; furthermore, increased levels of endogenous p53 did not affect PEM sensitivity. These data collectively indicate that constitutive activation of AMPK is associated with PEM resistance, and that this is unconnected with elevated DNA and RNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Qin
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Ikuo Sekine
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Michiko Hanazono
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Takao Morinaga
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan
| | - Mengmeng Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takiguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Yuji Tada
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
| | | | - Naoto Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tagawa
- Division of Pathology and Cell Therapy, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan
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47
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Okubo K, Isono M, Asano T, Sato A. Metformin Augments Panobinostat's Anti-Bladder Cancer Activity by Activating AMP-Activated Protein Kinase. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:669-682. [PMID: 30849634 PMCID: PMC6402380 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Panobinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, induces histone acetylation and acts against cancer but attenuates its anticancer activity by activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor that reportedly inhibits the mTOR pathway. The antidiabetic drug metformin is also a potent AMPK activator and we investigated whether it augmented panobinostat's antineoplastic activity in bladder cancer cells (UMUC3, J82, T24 and MBT-2). Metformin enhanced panobinostat-induced apoptosis and the combination inhibited the growth of bladder cancer cells cooperatively in vitro and in vivo. As expected, metformin increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and decreased the panobinostat-caused phosphorylation of S6 ribosomal protein, thus inhibiting the panobinostat-activated mTOR pathway. The AMPK activation was shown to play a pivotal role in the combination's action because the AMPK inhibitor compound C attenuated the combination's anticancer activity. Furthermore, the AMPK activation by metformin enhanced panobinostat-induced histone and non-histone acetylation. This acetylation was especially remarkable in the proteins in the detergent-insoluble fraction, which would be expected if the combination also induced endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Okubo
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Makoto Isono
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takako Asano
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Akinori Sato
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.
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48
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MicroRNA-451 Inhibits Migration of Glioblastoma while Making It More Susceptible to Conventional Therapy. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5010025. [PMID: 30875963 PMCID: PMC6468936 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastoma (GBM, glioma) is the most common and aggressive primary adult brain tumor. The prognosis of GBM patients remains poor, despite surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. The major obstacles for successful remedy are invasiveness and therapy resistance of GBM cells. Invasive glioma cells leave primary tumor core and infiltrate surrounding normal brain leading to inevitable recurrence, even after surgical resection, radiation and chemotherapy. Therapy resistance allowing for selection of more aggressive and resistant sub-populations including GBM stem-like cells (GSCs) upon treatment is another serious impediment to successful treatment. Through their regulation of multiple genes, microRNAs can orchestrate complex programs of gene expression and act as master regulators of cellular processes. MicroRNA-based therapeutics could thus impact broad cellular programs, leading to inhibition of invasion and sensitization to radio/chemotherapy. Our data show that miR-451 attenuates glioma cell migration in vitro and invasion in vivo. In addition, we have found that miR-451 sensitizes glioma cells to conventional chemo- and radio-therapy. Our data also show that miR-451 is regulated in vivo by AMPK pathway and that AMPK/miR-451 loop has the ability to switch between proliferative and migratory pattern of glioma cells behavior. We therefore postulate that AMPK/miR-451 negative reciprocal feedback loop allows GBM cells/GSCs to adapt to tumor “ecosystem” by metabolic and behavioral flexibility, and that disruption of such a loop reduces invasiveness and diminishes therapy resistance.
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49
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Mitochondrial VDAC1 Silencing Leads to Metabolic Rewiring and the Reprogramming of Tumour Cells into Advanced Differentiated States. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10120499. [PMID: 30544833 PMCID: PMC6316808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic properties, along with the metabolic reprogramming necessary for tumour growth and motility, are acquired by cancer cells. Thus, tumour metabolism is becoming a target for cancer therapy. Here, cancer cell metabolism was tackled by silencing the expression of voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), a mitochondrial protein that controls cell energy, as well as metabolic and survival pathways and that is often over-expressed in many cancers. We demonstrated that silencing VDAC1 expression using human-specific siRNA (si-hVDAC1) inhibited cancer cell growth, both in vitro and in mouse xenograft models of human glioblastoma (U-87MG), lung cancer (A549), and triple negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231). Importantly, treatment with si-hVDAC1 induced metabolic rewiring of the cancer cells, reversing their oncogenic properties and diverting them towards differentiated-like cells. The si-hVDAC1-treated residual “tumour” showed reprogrammed metabolism, decreased proliferation, inhibited stemness and altered expression of genes and proteins, leading to cell differentiation toward less malignant lineages. These VDAC1 depletion-mediated effects involved alterations in master transcription factors associated with cancer hallmarks, such as highly increased expression of p53 and decreased expression of HIF-1a and c-Myc that regulate signalling pathways (e.g., AMPK, mTOR). High expression of p53 and the pro-apoptotic proteins cytochrome c and caspases without induction of apoptosis points to functions for these proteins in promoting cell differentiation. These results clearly show that VDAC1 depletion similarly leads to a rewiring of cancer cell metabolism in breast and lung cancer and glioblastoma, regardless of origin or mutational status. This metabolic reprogramming results in cell growth arrest and inhibited tumour growth while encouraging cell differentiation, thus generating cells with decreased proliferation capacity. These results further suggest VDAC1 to be an innovative and markedly potent therapeutic target.
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50
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Penfold L, Woods A, Muckett P, Nikitin AY, Kent TR, Zhang S, Graham R, Pollard A, Carling D. CAMKK2 Promotes Prostate Cancer Independently of AMPK via Increased Lipogenesis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6747-6761. [PMID: 30242113 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
: New targets are required for treating prostate cancer, particularly castrate-resistant disease. Previous studies reported that calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2) expression is increased in human prostate cancer. Here, we show that Camkk2 deletion or pharmacologic inhibition protects against prostate cancer development in a preclinical mouse model that lacks expression of prostate-specific Pten. In contrast, deletion of AMP-activated protein kinase (Ampk) β1 resulted in earlier onset of adenocarcinoma development. These findings suggest for the first time that Camkk2 and Ampk have opposing effects in prostate cancer progression. Loss of CAMKK2 in vivo or in human prostate cancer cells reduced the expression of two key lipogenic enzymes, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase. This reduction was mediated via a posttranscriptional mechanism, potentially involving a decrease in protein translation. Moreover, either deletion of CAMKK2 or activation of AMPK reduced cell growth in human prostate cancer cells by inhibiting de novo lipogenesis. Activation of AMPK in a panel of human prostate cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as androgen-receptor signaling. These findings demonstrate that CAMKK2 and AMPK have opposing effects on lipogenesis, providing a potential mechanism for their contrasting effects on prostate cancer progression in vivo. They also suggest that inhibition of CAMKK2 combined with activation of AMPK would offer an efficacious therapeutic strategy in treatment of prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings show that CAMKK2 and its downstream target AMPK have opposing effects on prostate cancer development and raise the possibility of a new combined therapeutic approach that inhibits CAMKK2 and activates AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Penfold
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Woods
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip Muckett
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Yu Nikitin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cornell Stem Cell Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Tera R Kent
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Cornell Stem Cell Program, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Shuai Zhang
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Graham
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Pollard
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Carling
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom. .,Institute of Clinical Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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