1
|
Mehmood F, Hassan F, Sarfraz R, Khadim Z, Alamer KH, Attia H, Saleh MA, Al-Robai SA, Zaman QU, Iftikhar Z. Phytochemical screening, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities of Geranium pusillum leaves. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:2171-2185. [PMID: 38706433 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants play an important role in primary health care worldwide. The phytochemical screening and activities of Geranium pusillum were investigated in this research. The dried plant leaves were extracted with ethanol, n-hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, methanol, acetone, and aqueous solvents. These extracts were qualitatively analyzed, GC-MS, antimicrobial activities by using the disc diffusion method, antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging, and cytotoxic activity was analyzed by the hemolytic activity of human red blood cells. The results showed phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phenols, saponins, tannins, and cardiac glycosides were detected in plant leaves. The ethanol extract at a concentration of 10 mg/mL showed a maximum inhibition zone 17.5 ± 0.09, 15.6 ± 0.11, 14.2 ± 0.17, 18.4 ± 0.11, 16.6 ± 0.15, 12.5 ± 0.13, 15.9 ± 0.10, and 13.1 ± 0.11 mm, and at 15 mg/mL showed 24.5 ± 0.09, 27.2 ± 0.12, 26.3 ± 0.17, 28.4 ± 0.10, 27.9 ± 0.16, 22.5 ± 0.13, 27.1 ± 0.10, and 24.1 ± 0.16 mm against Escherichia coli, Pasturella multocida (gram-negative), Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilus (gram-positive), Rhizopus solani, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Alternaria alternate (fungal strain), respectively, and dichloromethane showed a minimum inhibition zone as compared to other extracts against bacterial as well as fungal strains. Chloroform extract had maximum antioxidant activity (45.00 ± 0.08%) and minimum in dichloromethane (12.20 ± 0.04%). Cytotoxic activity was found maximum in acetone extract (19.83 ± 0.07%) and minimum in ethanol extract (4.72 ± 0.04%). It is concluded that phytochemicals like phenols, flavonoids, and others may be responsible for these activities, which is why this plant is used for traditional medicine. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Geranium pusillum has therapeutic properties that exhibit various biological activities beneficial for human health. G. pusillum has significant inhibitory effects against bacterial and fungal strains. Chloroform solvent extract indicates potential free radical scavenging abilities. Acetone extract exhibits notable effects on human red blood cells and demonstrates significant cytotoxic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rafaqat Sarfraz
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Khadim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Khalid H Alamer
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houneida Attia
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muneera A Saleh
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Asir Al-Robai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Iftikhar
- Department of Chemistry, the University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Djali M, Santasa K, Indiarto R, Subroto E, Fetriyuna F, Lembong E. Proximate Composition and Bioactive Compounds of Cocoa Bean Shells as a By-Product from Cocoa Industries in Indonesia. Foods 2023; 12:3316. [PMID: 37685248 PMCID: PMC10486910 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa bean shell (CBS) is a by-product from cocoa processing which is abundant in Indonesia, one of the largest cocoa-producing countries. It has a great potential for being processed into food ingredients due to its comparable composition to cocoa nibs. The present study was conducted to identify the proximate composition and bioactive compounds in CBS produced at several cocoa industries in Indonesia utilizing different cocoa varieties (Criollo and Forastero) and processing techniques (fermented, non-fermented, pulp washing, and drying), which remain unknown. The results showed that the CBS derived from roasted Criollo cocoa pods in the Kendeng Lembu cocoa industry had ash and protein content of about 8.21% and 18.79%, respectively, which was higher than other industries. Additionally, the concentration of bioactive substances was higher here than it was elsewhere. This included total phenolic (136.2 mg GAE g-1) and theobromine (22.50 mg g-1). The lowest ash and protein concentration found in CBS was from Forastero cocoa pods, non-fermented like Sulawesi cocoa. These values were 6.48% and 15.70%, respectively. The concentration of theobromine (15.40 mg g-1) was also lower compared to other industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Djali
- Department of Food Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia; (K.S.); (R.I.); (E.S.); (F.F.); (E.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Al-Jeddawi W, Northcutt JK, Dawson P. Effect of pre-treatment and freezing on the polyphenol oxidase activity and color stability of sliced peaches. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:3376-3389. [PMID: 36764928 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A study was conducted to determine the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and changes in surface color and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content in fresh and pre-frozen peach slices stored at different temperatures. In this study, fresh (F) and pre-frozen (P) peaches were subjected to one of four treatments: (i) no treatment (N); (ii) blanching in boiling (96 °C ± 4 °C) water (B); (iii) dipping in 2% l-ascorbic acid and 2% citric acid (AC); or (iv) blanching placed in boiling water, cooling and dipping in 2% ascorbic acid and 2% citric acid (BAC). Peaches from each treatment group were held at -7, -9, or - 12 °C for 21 days. RESULTS After 21 days of storage, PPO activity and browning was greater in peaches stored at -7 °C than the PPO activity and browning of peaches stored at -9 °C and - 12 °C. Overall, lightness (L*), yellowness (b*), chroma (c*) and hue (h*) decreased while redness (a*) increased during storage. The BAC peaches had less discoloration and lower PPO activity than peach slices exposed to other treatments. Non-enzymatic browning (HMF indicator) was more pronounced for blanched peaches during storage than unblanched peaches. Pretreatment of blanched peaches with ascorbic and citric acid reduced browning during 21 days at frozen storage for peaches held at -9 °C or - 12 °C. CONCLUSION Storage at -12 °C significantly reduced browning and HMF formation in both blanched and unblanched peach slices in comparison with -7 °C storage. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Al-Jeddawi
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Julie K Northcutt
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Paul Dawson
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Razola-Díaz MDC, Aznar-Ramos MJ, Verardo V, Melgar-Locatelli S, Castilla-Ortega E, Rodríguez-Pérez C. Exploring the Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Different Cocoa Powders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030716. [PMID: 36978964 PMCID: PMC10045957 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa, the main derivative of the seeds of Theobroma cacao L., has been recognized to have several effects on human health including antioxidant and neuro- and cardio-protective effects, among others. These effects have been attributed mainly to its bioactive compounds. In this context, the aim of this work is to evaluate the nutritional composition, bioactive compounds (i.e., phenolic compounds, procyanidins and methylxanthines) and the antioxidant activity of seven different cocoas (alkalized and non-alkalized) from different origins (Peru, Venezuela, Ivory Coast, Dominican Republic, and West Africa). It represents the first stage of a larger project aiming to find high polyphenol cocoa-based nutritional strategies and related biomarkers that may potentiate brain plasticity and cognitive function. Cocoa powders were extracted by ultrasound-assisted technology, and the total phenolic content (TPC) was measured by Folin–Ciocalteu. Methylxanthines (caffeine and theobromine) and procyanidin contents were determined by HPLC-FLD-DAD, and the antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. Non-alkalized cocoas showed higher phenolic and procyanidin contents and higher antioxidant activity compared to the alkalized ones. A strongly significant (p < 0.05) positive correlation between the antioxidant activity and the TPC, especially with the total procyanidin content, but not with methylxanthines was found. In conclusion, the non-alkalized cocoas, especially the one from Peru, were the best candidates in terms of bioactive compounds. The cocoa from Peru had a TPC of 57.4 ± 14.4 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g d.w., 28,575.06 ± 62.37 µg of catechin equivalents/g d.w., and 39.15 ± 2.12 mg/g of methylxanthines. Further studies should be undertaken to evaluate its effect on brain plasticity and cognitive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María del Carmen Razola-Díaz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - María José Aznar-Ramos
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain
| | - Sonia Melgar-Locatelli
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga—IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Estela Castilla-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga—IBIMA, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Celia Rodríguez-Pérez
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Armilla, Spain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Melilla, University of Granada, C/Santander, 52005 Melilla, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pinto D, Moreira MM, Vieira EF, Švarc-Gajić J, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Brezo-Borjan T, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Development and Characterization of Functional Cookies Enriched with Chestnut Shells Extract as Source of Bioactive Phenolic Compounds. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030640. [PMID: 36766171 PMCID: PMC9914640 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chestnut (Castanea sativa) shells (CSs), an undervalued agro-industrial biowaste, have arisen as a source of bioactive compounds with promising health-promoting effects. This study attempted, for the first time, to develop a functional food, namely cookies, using a CS extract obtained by an eco-friendly technology (subcritical water extraction). The cookies were characterized regarding their nutritional composition, total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC, respectively), antioxidant/antiradical activities, phenolic profile, and sensory evaluation. The results demonstrated that the CS-extract-enriched cookies were mainly composed of carbohydrates (53.92% on dry weight (dw)), fat (32.62% dw), and fiber (5.15% dw). The phenolic profile outlined by HPLC-PDA revealed the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and hydrolysable tannins, attesting to the high TPC and TFC. The in vitro antioxidant/antiradical effects proved the bioactivity of the functional cookies, while the sensory evaluation unveiled excellent scores on all attributes (≥6.25). The heatmap diagram corroborated strong correlations between the TPC and antioxidant/antiradical properties, predicting that the appreciated sensory attributes were closely correlated with high carbohydrates and phenolic compounds. This study encourages the sustainable recovery of antioxidants from CSs and their further employment as an active nutraceutical ingredient in functional cookies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pinto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela M. Moreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Elsa F. Vieira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tanja Brezo-Borjan
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500; Fax: +351-22-83-21-159
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gallego AM, Zambrano RA, Zuluaga M, Camargo Rodríguez AV, Candamil Cortés MS, Romero Vergel AP, Arboleda Valencia JW. Analysis of fruit ripening in Theobroma cacao pod husk based on untargeted metabolomics. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 203:113412. [PMID: 36055428 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pod husk of Theobroma cacao (CPH) plays an important agronomical role, as its appearance is used as indicator of ripening, guiding the farmers in the harvest process. Cacao harvesting is not a standardized practice because farmers harvest between six up to eight months from flowering, guided by pod's color and shape. The mixture of cacao beans from different ripening stages (RS), negatively affecting the quality and price of grain. A way to help the farmers in the harvest standardization could be through the use of chemical markers and visual indicators of CPH ripening. This study analyses CPH's metabolic distribution of two cacao clones, ICS95 and CCN51 at six, seven, and eight months of ripening. Untargeted metabolomics was done using HPLC-MS/MS for biomarker discovery and association to cacao ripening. The results indicated a strong metabolic differentiation of the sixth month with the rest of the months independent of the variety. Also, metabolic differences were found between cacao clones for the seventh and eighth month. We annotated five potential biochemical markers including 3-caffeoylpelargodinin 5-glucoside, indoleacetaldehyde, procyanidin A dimer, procyanidin C1, and kaempferol. We further looked for correlation between patterns of progression of our markers against quantitative indicators of CPH appearance and texture, at the same ripening stages. We also performed a functional analysis and three possible metabolic pathways: flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and tryptophan metabolism were identified associated with stress sensing, plant development and defense respectively. We found significant and positive correlations between green color density and all metabolites. For texture, the correlations were significantly negative with all metabolites. Our results suggest that about the sixth month is appropriate for harvesting cacao in the region of Caldas, Colombia in order to avoid all the metabolic variations occurring at later stages of ripening which impact the cacao bean quality. Therefore, studying the cacao ripening process can help in the estimation of the best harvest time and contribute to the standardization of harvest practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana M Gallego
- Grupo de Biotecnología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Computacional de Colombia-BIOS, Manizales, Colombia.
| | - Romer A Zambrano
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, Universidad Nacional, Sede Manizales, Colombia.
| | - Martha Zuluaga
- Grupo de Investigación GIEPRONAL, Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia, Dosquebradas, Risaralda, Colombia.
| | | | - Mariana S Candamil Cortés
- Centro de Investigaciones en Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo-CIMAD, Universidad de Manizales, Cra. 9a # 19-03, Manizales, 170001, Colombia.
| | - Angela P Romero Vergel
- FITOBIOL Research Group, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Cl. 67 # 53-108, Medellín, 050010, Colombia.
| | - Jorge W Arboleda Valencia
- Centro de Bioinformática y Biología Computacional de Colombia-BIOS, Manizales, Colombia; Centro de Investigaciones en Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo-CIMAD, Universidad de Manizales, Cra. 9a # 19-03, Manizales, 170001, Colombia; FITOBIOL Research Group, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia, Cl. 67 # 53-108, Medellín, 050010, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Özer EM, Apetrei RM, Camurlu P. Trace-level phenolics detection based on composite PAN-MWCNTs nanofibers. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200139. [PMID: 35775384 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In view of major concerns regarding toxicity (genotoxic, mutagenic, hepatotoxic) of phenolics, there is an on-going necessity for sensitive and accurate analytical procedures for detection and measurements in environmental field, water, and food quality control. The current study proposes composite polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous assemblies enriched with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (PAN-MWCNTs NFs) as suitable immobilization platforms for cross-linking of Tyrosinase in detection of both diphenols and monophenols, which are of much interest in water contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Merve Özer
- Akdeniz Üniversitesi: Akdeniz Universitesi, Chemistry, TURKEY
| | | | - Pinar Camurlu
- Akdeniz University: Akdeniz Universitesi, Department of Chemistry, Akdeniz University Department of Chemistry, 07058, Antalya, TURKEY
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Secondary product from strawberry ( Fragaria ananassa) fruit for extended preservation and value addition. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022; 59:1598-1609. [PMID: 35250083 PMCID: PMC8882483 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-021-05171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Strawberry is highly delicate and perishable fruit prone to microbial spoilage. To address these issues, secondary product(s) using strawberry pulp was prepared by adding sweetener (jaggery or sucrose) and anti-browning agent (citrate) to reduce the extent of drying induced sourness and discoloration, respectively. Subsequently, these products were LDPE packed and radiation processed (≤ 5 kGy) to ensure microbiological safety during ambient temperature storage. Physical, biochemical, functional (antioxidant and antimutagenic) and organoleptic properties (including flavor compounds) were found to be either retained or enhanced compared to dehydrated strawberry pulp. The product termed as dehydrated strawberry roll having jaggery and citrate (DSRJ) was found to be more acceptable than that having sucrose and citrate (DSRS) till 5 months. Scanning electron microscopy indicated better surface quality of DSRJ than DSRS. Electrochemical property when analyzed using cyclic voltammetry displayed strong correlation to radical scavenging antioxidant assays with marginal storage associated shift in the peak potential. GC-MS analysis indicated retention of most of the flavor compounds in DSRJ during storage. Thus, DSRJ, a value-added product could provide a solution to control post-harvest losses of the fruit by processing to a more stable form and ensuring availability beyond the season. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-021-05171-9.
Collapse
|
9
|
Potential Use of Moringa oleifera Twigs Extracts as an Anti-Hyperuricemic and Anti-Microbial Source. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10030563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera (MO) grows throughout most of the tropics and has several industrial and medicinal uses. Besides the various uses of the plant parts such as its leaves, seed kernels, roots, or stem barks, the twigs (MT) of this plant are usually regarded as excessive parts. Although there have been few studies conducted to determine the value of this plant part, in fact, its potential uses—especially the pharmaceutical effects—of this biomaterial remains an up-to-date topic for scientists to discover due to the lack of interest so far. This study aims to identify the optimized fractions of different solvents for the extraction of antioxidants, for xanthine oxidase inhibition agents, and for anti-microbial activities. The two most active fractions obtained by column chromatography were the Hexane-Ethyl Acetate elution at a 9:1 (E1) and 8:2 (E2) ratio, respectively. With regard to antioxidant activity, E1 and E2 displayed relatively high DPPH radical scavenging capacity (IC50 = 87.7 and 99.0 µg/mL), which was only four times weaker than the control BHT (IC50 = 21.4 µg/mL). The highest inhibition activity against xanthine oxidase was also observed clearly in E1 and E2, which showed relatively low IC50 (54.7 and 42.0 µg/mL, respectively). These levels were inconsiderably higher than that of the positive control (IC50 = 20.8 µg/mL), proving that E1 and E2 exerted relatively strong antioxidant activity in terms of XOD inhibition. Regarding the antimicrobial test, E2 showed the highest inhibition activities against E. coli, K. pneumoiae, L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, and P. mirabilis. The result indicates that (1) E1 and E2 were the strongest fractions for constraining free radical agents and several bacteria, and thus, (2) Moringa oleifera twigs are also a potential source for the prevention of gout-related symptoms.
Collapse
|
10
|
Online preconcentration methodology that realizes over 2000-fold enhancement by integrating the free liquid membrane into electrokinetic supercharging in capillary electrophoresis for the determination of trace anionic analytes in complex samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
11
|
Zhang W, Qi S, Xue X, Al Naggar Y, Wu L, Wang K. Understanding the Gastrointestinal Protective Effects of Polyphenols using Foodomics-Based Approaches. Front Immunol 2021; 12:671150. [PMID: 34276660 PMCID: PMC8283765 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.671150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols are rich sources of natural anti-oxidants and prebiotics. After ingestion, most polyphenols are absorbed in the intestine and interact with the gut microbiota and modulated metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Dietary polyphenols immunomodulatory role by regulating intestinal microorganisms, inhibiting the etiology and pathogenesis of various diseases including colon cancer, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis. Foodomics is a novel high-throughput analysis approach widely applied in food and nutrition studies, incorporating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and integrating multi-omics technologies. In this review, we present an overview of foodomics technologies for identifying active polyphenol components from natural foods, as well as a summary of the gastrointestinal protective effects of polyphenols based on foodomics approaches. Furthermore, we critically assess the limitations in applying foodomics technologies to investigate the protective effect of polyphenols on the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Finally, we outline future directions of foodomics techniques to investigate GI protective effects of polyphenols. Foodomics based on the combination of several analytical platforms and data processing for genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics studies, provides abundant data and a more comprehensive understanding of the interactions between polyphenols and the GI tract at the molecular level. This contribution provides a basis for further exploring the protective mechanisms of polyphenols on the GI system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Suzhen Qi
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yahya Al Naggar
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Liming Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gani SSA, Abd Halim AN, Zaidan UH, Effendi Halmi MI, Abdul Wahab N. Antioxidants and Characterization of Stability and Organoleptic Properties of Cocoa Facial Mask. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES 2021; 1860:012023. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1860/1/012023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Beauty products plant based are getting increasing interest from users and the cosmetic industry. Cocoa liquor is a natural source of antioxidants from (Theobrama cacao L.) cocoa beans, with potential health benefits. The present study was conducted to determine the stability of cocoa facial mask in different temperature, the durability of CFM in extreme high and low temperature and the prospect of integrating CFM offers additional skin defence capability by eliminating free radicals from the environment. CFM shown stabled with different storage conditions. The amount of ferric ion reducing power (FRAP) in CFM was evaluated by the reduction of ferric-TPTZ to blue ferrous-TPTZ color, while β-carotene linoleate bleaching (β-CB) assay were determined by using β-carotene emulsion. FRAP and β- carotene recorded values of 252.31 ± 0.001 mmol Fe2+/g and 83.42 ± 0.03%, respectively. The EC50 of β-carotene linoleate bleaching (β-CB) reported at 2.92 ± 0.03 mg/mL. The results suggest that CFM is a potential source of phytochemicals. The study presents scientific validation on its phytochemical contents showing presence of bioactive compounds with nutritional and therapeutic values which may have positive impact on skin health and suggesting its prospective use in value-added products such as skin care cosmetics.
Collapse
|
13
|
Pinto G, Aurilia M, Illiano A, Fontanarosa C, Sannia G, Trifuoggi M, Lettera V, Sperandeo R, Pucci P, Amoresano A. From untargeted metabolomics to the multiple reaction monitoring-based quantification of polyphenols in chocolates from different geographical areas. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4651. [PMID: 32893948 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants, including cocoa bean, are the main source of metabolites with multiple biological functions. Polyphenol extracts are widely used as a nutraceutical supplement for their well-known health-promoting role. In this paper, a preliminary untargeted metabolic screening was carried out by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time of flight (TOF)/TOF on a pool of chocolate samples made by cocoa beans of different geographical areas. Then, a targeted approach was developed for polyphenol quantification by an optimized Liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) ion mode. Detection limit of polyphenol standard ranged between 1 and 25 pg/μl with variation coefficient lower than 15%. External calibration curves were used for quantification of polyphenols in 18 samples. Fifty polyphenols were detected in a single LC-MRM/MS run and quantified by monitoring almost 90 transitions in a 5-minute run. The polyphenols content of different cocoa beans from several countries was finally compared by principal component analysis (PCA) statistical analysis suggesting that the chocolate made by Ecuador cocoa beans showed the highest level of polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pinto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Michela Aurilia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Anna Illiano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Carolina Fontanarosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sannia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lettera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Raffaele Sperandeo
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi della Basilicata, Via Nazario Sauro, 85, Potenza, 85100, Italy
| | - Piero Pucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnology, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Gaetano Salvatore, 486, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Amoresano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cinthia, 26, Naples, 80126, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Consorzio Interuniversitario Viale delle, Medaglie d'Oro, 305, Roma, 00136, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nutritional, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Toxicological Profile of Two Innovative Types of Vegan, Sugar-Free Chocolate. Foods 2020; 9:foods9121844. [PMID: 33322360 PMCID: PMC7764326 DOI: 10.3390/foods9121844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased sugar consumption and unhealthy dietary patterns are key drivers of many preventable diseases that result in disability and death worldwide. However, health awareness has increased over the past decades creating a massive on-going demand for new low/non-caloric natural sweeteners that have a high potential and are safer for consumption than artificial ones. The current study aims to investigate the nutritional properties, in vitro toxicological profile, total/individual polyphenols content, and the antioxidant, anti-cariogenic, and antimicrobial activity of two newly obtained vegan and sugar-free chocolate (VHC1 and VHC2). The energy values for the two finished products were very similar, 408.04 kcal/100 g for VHC1 and 404.68 kcal/100 g for VHC2. Both products, VHC1 and VHC2 present strong antioxidant activities, whereas antimicrobial results show an increased activity for VHC1 compared to VHC2, because of a higher phenolic content. In vitro toxicological evaluation revealed that both samples present a safe toxicological profile, while VHC2 increased cellular turnover of dermal cell lines, highlighting its potential use in skin treatments. The current work underlines the potential use of these vegetal mixtures as sugar-free substitutes for conventional products, as nutraceuticals, as well as topic application in skin care due to antimicrobial and antioxidant effects.
Collapse
|
15
|
Azlan A, Khoo HE, Shapie WKW, Abd Kadir NA, Sultana S. Nutritional quality and sensory evaluation of dabai-fortified cocoa bar. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1800031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Azrina Azlan
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Research Centre of Excellence for Nutrition and Non-Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hock Eng Khoo
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Wan Khairunisa Wan Shapie
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Noor Atiqah Abd Kadir
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sharmin Sultana
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vankova DV, Todorova MN, Kisselova-Kaneva YD, Galunska BT. Development of new and robust LC-MS method for simultaneous quantification of polyphenols from Sambucus ebulus fruits. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1614053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela V. Vankova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena N. Todorova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Yoana D. Kisselova-Kaneva
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Bistra Ts. Galunska
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Influence of Diet Enriched with Cocoa Bean Extracts on Physiological Indices of Laboratory Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050825. [PMID: 30813510 PMCID: PMC6429181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa bean is a rich source of polyphenols, mainly flavonoids which have a wide range of biological properties. The aim of the study was to determine the physiological indices of laboratory rats as a response to diets containing water extracts of raw or roasted cocoa beans of Forastero variety, as well as purified monomeric flavan-3-ols fraction isolated from them. The influence of these extracts on selected parameters was studied during 4 weeks feeding. The samples of rats feces were collected throughout the experiment and after its completion, biological samples (intestines content, blood, and organs) were retrieved individually from each rat and subjected to analyses. The observed changes in the gastrointestinal tract functioning indices and metabolism indicators, determined throughout the study and after its completion, confirm to some extent the biological activity of polyphenol extracts of cocoa beans. The differences in the results obtained for the analyzed parameters of the gastrointestinal tract revealed that the cocoa bean extracts differently affected the physicochemical properties of rats' intestines. The results indicate the beneficial effects of the applied nutrition treatment on the activity of cecal enzymes and the content of volatile fatty acids in the gut.
Collapse
|
18
|
Šedík P, Horská E, Ivanišová E, Kačániová M, Krasnodębski A. Consumer behaviour of young generation in slovakia towards cocoa-enriched honey. POTRAVINARSTVO 2019. [DOI: 10.5219/1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The new trend of healthy lifestyle increases consumers´ attention towards superfoods or functional food. Due to this fact, honey enriched with various healthy foods such as cocoa, cinnamon, ginger or dried fruits has started to appear on the European market. The aim of this research paper was to investigate consumer´s perception and preferences for cocoa-enriched honey. Consumer research was based on questionnaire survey extended by product testing. This survey was conducted in 2018 (February and March) and in total 257 young Slovak consumers between 18 - 30 years participated. Each respondent tested and evaluated sensory attributes of the product (taste, aroma, colour and texture) using a 5-point scale. Statistical analyses included Friedman test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's Exact Test, Pearson Chi-square test and Cramer'V coefficient. Results showed that the cocoa-enriched honey was evaluated as tasty, aromatic, gently, delicious, special, with ideal sweetness and amount of cocoa. All sensory attributes were evaluated positively (2 - good). Females were more interested in the purchase of this product. Moreover, the product would be purchased mostly by respondents who consider it a healthier alternative to commercial chocolate spreads or by those who consider their eating habits healthy. Laboratory tests revealed that the antioxidant activity of the product was higher in comparison to normal honey. In conclusion, the obtained information could be used in product positioning, promotion and designing appropriate marketing strategy.
Collapse
|
19
|
Onwude DI, Hashim N, Abdan K, Janius R, Chen G. The effectiveness of combined infrared and hot-air drying strategies for sweet potato. J FOOD ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
20
|
Żyżelewicz D, Bojczuk M, Budryn G, Zduńczyk Z, Juśkiewicz J, Jurgoński A, Oracz J. Influence of diet based on bread supplemented with raw and roasted cocoa bean extracts on physiological indices of laboratory rats. Food Res Int 2018; 112:209-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
21
|
da Silva JDF, Correa APF, Kechinski CP, Brandelli A. Buffalo cheese whey hydrolyzed with Alcalase as an antibrowning agent in minimally processed apple. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2018; 55:3731-3738. [PMID: 30150833 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Buffalo whey was hydrolyzed with Alcalase for different times ti (i = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6 h) and the browning inhibition of minimally processed apples was investigated. The hydrolysis process was followed by determination of the degree of hydrolysis. In order to understand possible modes of action on the enzymatic browning, whey was submitted to the analysis of antioxidant activity (ABTS·+ radical sequestration, Fe2+ chelating activity and reducing power), reactivity with quinones and inhibitory activity on polyphenol oxidases (PPO) extracted from Red Delicious apples. Buffalo whey showed significant increase in degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant activity, reactivity with quinones and PPO-inhibitory activity as a function of the hydrolysis time. Maximum PPO-inhibitory activity was observed from 4 h hydrolysis (t4h hydrolysate), reaching about 50% inhibition. Then, slices of minimally processed apples were immersed in a buffered solution of the t4h hydrolysate, packed and subjected to instrumental color evaluation during storage for up to 6 days. As for the ability to inhibit the browning of the minimally processed apples, the hydrolyzate kept the L∗ parameter of the apples during 6 days of storage, not statistically differing from the metabisulfite. In addition to the luminosity, the hydrolyzed whey was able to maintain the browning index of the apples at lower values during this storage time compared to the non-hydrolyzed whey. These results evidence possible applications of buffalo whey hydrolyzed with Alcalase as a natural substitute for additives conventionally used in the control of enzymatic browning in foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Dilson Francisco da Silva
- 1Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 Brazil.,2Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Folmer Correa
- 1Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Carolina Pereira Kechinski
- 2Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- 1Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, Porto Alegre, 91501-970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xu CC, Wang B, Pu YQ, Tao JS, Zhang T. Advances in extraction and analysis of phenolic compounds from plant materials. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:721-731. [PMID: 29103457 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds, the most abundant secondary metabolites in plants, have received more and more attention in recent years because of their distinct bioactivities. This review summarizes different types of phenolic compounds and their extraction and analytical methods used in the recent reports, involving 59 phenolic compounds from 52 kinds of plants. The extraction methods include solid-liquid extraction, ultrasound-assisted extractions, microwave-assisted extractions, supercritical fluid extraction, and other methods. The analysis methods include spectrophotometry, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, and near-infrared spectroscopy. After illustrating the specific conditions of the analytical methods, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are also summarized, pointing out their respective suitability. This review provides valuable reference for identification and/or quantification of phenolic compounds from natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Cong Xu
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yi-Qiong Pu
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jian-Sheng Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Experiment Center of Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mazzutti S, Rodrigues LGG, Mezzomo N, Venturi V, Ferreira SRS. Integrated green-based processes using supercritical CO2 and pressurized ethanol applied to recover antioxidant compouds from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) bean hulls. J Supercrit Fluids 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Malaysian stingless bee and Tualang honeys: A comparative characterization of total antioxidant capacity and phenolic profile using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
26
|
Influence of anti-browning agent pretreatment on drying kinetics, enzymes inactivation and other qualities of dried banana (Musa ssp.) under relative humidity-convective air dryer. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9737-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
27
|
Mutalib MA, Rahmat A, Ali F, Othman F, Ramasamy R. Nutritional Compositions and Antiproliferative Activities of Different Solvent Fractions from Ethanol Extract of Cyphomandra betacea (Tamarillo) Fruit. Malays J Med Sci 2017; 24:19-32. [PMID: 29386969 PMCID: PMC5772812 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.5.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to examine various solvent extracts of Cyphomandra betacea (tamarillo) also known as the tree tomato, for their bioactive constituents and antioxidant activity. The study also aims to examine its effect on cancer cell death using two types of cancer cell lines (liver and breast cancer cell). METHODS The first part of the study evaluates the nutritional composition of tamarillo. Then, phytochemical profiling using GC-MS analysis in ethanolic tamarillo extract was conducted. Different fractions of n-butanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions were obtained from the ethanolic extract of tamarillo. Then, the fractions were subjected to the quantification of total phenol (TPC) and flavonoid contents (TFC), free radical scavenging activity (SA) and also antioxidant activity (AOX) assayed by beta-carotene bleaching (BCB) assay. Finally, the capability of the ethanolic extract of tamarillo and different fractions were evaluated for their anticancer properties. RESULTS Findings from this study revealed that the nutritional composition (ash, protein, carbohydrate and total dietary fiber), and mineral levels (calcium, magnesium, potassium and iron) of tamarillo were moderate. The crude ethanol extract of tamarillo contained the highest phenolic and total flavonoid content. FT-IR analysis revealed the presence of alkanes, carboxylic acid, phenol, alkanes, carboxylic acids, aromatics and nitro compounds. Twelve bioactive constituents in tamarillo have been identified through GC-MS analysis. Cytotoxic activity suggests the potential of ethanolic extracts of tamarillo having a chemopreventive effect on breast and liver cancer cells. CONCLUSION This study reveals that tamarillo has substantial antioxidant activity as well as anticancer properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maisarah Abdul Mutalib
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Asmah Rahmat
- Faculty of Science Technology and Human Development, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat Johor, Malaysia
| | - Faisal Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Yemen
| | - Fauziah Othman
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rajesh Ramasamy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Cocoa bean (Theobroma cacao L.) phenolic extracts as PTP1B inhibitors, hepatic HepG2 and pancreatic β-TC3 cell cytoprotective agents and their influence on oxidative stress in rats. Food Res Int 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
30
|
Taparia S, Khanna A. Effect of Procyanidin-rich Extract from Natural Cocoa Powder on Cellular Viability, Cell Cycle Progression, and Chemoresistance in Human Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Lines. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:S109-15. [PMID: 27279694 PMCID: PMC4883066 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.182164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Over the last 400 years, cocoa and chocolate have been described as having potential medicinal value, being consumed as a beverage or eaten as food. Concentration–dependant, antiproliferation, and cytotoxic effects of some of their polyphenolic constituents have been demonstrated against various cancers. Such an effect remains to be demonstrated in ovarian cancer Objective: To investigate the effect of cocoa procyanidins against ovarian cancer in vitro using OAW42 and OVCAR3 cell lines. Materials and Methods: Cocoa procyanidins were extracted and enriched from non alkalized cocoa powder. The polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity were determined. Effect on cell viability was determined after the treatment with ≤1000 μg/mL cocoa procyanidin-rich extract on OAW42 and OVCAR3 and normal human dermal fibroblasts. Similarly, chemosensitization effect was determined by pretreating cancer cell lines with extract followed by doxorubicin hydrochloride treatment. The effect of treatment on cell cycle and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression was determined using flow cytometry. Results: The cocoa extract showed high polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity. Treatment with extract caused cytotoxicity and chemosensitization in OAW42 and OVCAR3 cell lines. Normal dermal fibroblasts showed an increase in cell viability post treatment with extract. Treatment with extract affected the cell cycle and an increasing percentage of cells in hypodiploid sub-G1/G0 phase was observed. Treatment of OVCAR3 with the extract caused reduction of P-gp expression. Conclusion: Cocoa procyanidins were found to be selectively cytotoxic against epithelial ovarian cancer, interfered with the normal cell cycle and sensitized cells to subsequent chemotherapeutic treatment. Chemosensitization was found to be associated with P-gp reduction in OVCAR3 cells. SUMMARY Among the naturally occurring flavonoids, procyanidins have been shown to be effective against cancers Non alkalized cocoa powder is one of the richest sources of procyanidins Cocoa procyanidin-rich extract (CPRE) caused cytotoxicity and chemosensitization in ovarian carcinoma cell lines OAW42 and OVCAR3 CPRE affected normal cell cycle progression CPRE also downregulated P-glycoprotein, which mediates chemoresistance in multidrug-resistant OVCAR3 cell line.
Abbreviations used: P-gp: P-glycoprotein, CPRE: Cocoa procyanidin rich extract, DMAC: 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde, DPPH: Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl, ABTS: 2,2’;-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), PI: Propidium iodide, FITC: Fluorescein isothiocyanate, MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, TLC: Thin layer chromatography, HPTLC: High-performance thin layer chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Taparia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Aparna Khanna
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ranneh Y, Ali F, Al-Qubaisi M, Esa NM, Ismail A. The inhibitory activity of cocoa phenolic extract against pro-inflammatory mediators secretion induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW 264.7 cells. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:547. [PMID: 27190746 PMCID: PMC4850146 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2138-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cocoa is a rich source of polyphenols that has been traditionally used as the treatment of several types of inflammation related disease. The response to inflammation comprises the consecutive release of mediators and the enlistment of circulating leukocytes, such as macrophages. Currently, Cocoa-derived polyphenolics have shown anti-inflammatory effects in vivo, but the therapeutic benefits in vitro remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, the effect of cocoa polyphenolic extract (CPE) on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells sensitized by lipopolysaccharide as in vitro inflammatory model was investigated. The anti-inflammatory activity of CPE was assessed by measuring its ability to inhibit the pro-inflammatory enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and the pro-inflammatory mediators prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The results show that CPE significantly inhibits 5-LOX activity (p < 0.01). In addition, CPE dose-dependently suppressed the production of PGE2, ROS, NO and TNF-α in RAW 264.7 cells. These data suggest that CPE may be used for the treatment of inflammation and it’s related-diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Ranneh
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Faisal Ali
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia ; Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Mothanna Al-Qubaisi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Norhaizan Mohd Esa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia ; Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Amin Ismail
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li Y, Cai N, Wang M, Na W, Shi F, Su X. Fluorometric detection of tyrosine and cysteine using graphene quantum dots. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07300j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile fluorescence method has been developed for the detection of tyrosine and cysteine based on graphene quantum dots as a sensitive probe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Nan Cai
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Mengke Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Weidan Na
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Fanping Shi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Xingguang Su
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hepatic genome-wide expression of lipid metabolism in diet-induced obesity rats treated with cocoa polyphenols. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
|