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Tang X, Xiong K, Zeng Y, Fang R. The Mechanism of Zinc Oxide in Alleviating Diarrhea in Piglets after Weaning: A Review from the Perspective of Intestinal Barrier Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10040. [PMID: 39337525 PMCID: PMC11432186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Weaning is one of the most challenging phases for piglets, and it is also the time when piglets are the most susceptible to diarrhea, which may result in significant economic losses for pig production. One of the dietary strategies for reducing post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets is to provide them with a pharmacological dose of zinc oxide (ZnO). However, excessive or long-term usage of high-dose ZnO has significant impacts on pig health and the ecological environment. Therefore, caution should be exercised when considering the use of high-dose ZnO for the prevention or treatment of PWD in piglets. In this paper, the significant role of zinc in animal health, the potential mode of action of ZnO in alleviating diarrhea, and the impact of innovative, highly efficient ZnO alternatives on the regulation of piglet diarrhea were reviewed to offer insights into the application of novel ZnO in pig production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Rejun Fang
- College of Animal Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Steyl SK, Jeyapalina S, Griffin A, Krishnamoorthi V, Beck JP, Agarwal J, Shea J. Efficacy of sintered Zinc-doped fluorapatite scaffold as an antimicrobial regenerative bone filler for dental applications. J Dent 2024; 146:105070. [PMID: 38740251 PMCID: PMC11180563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess whether zinc-doped fluorapatite (ZnFA) could serve as an effective antimicrobial dental bone filler for bone regeneration compared to autografts. METHODS FA and 2 % zinc-doped FA (2ZnFA) were synthesized and characterized in-house. Compressed and sintered FA and 2ZnFA disks were incubated with bacteria to assess antimicrobial properties. Adipose-derived stem cells were cultured on these discs to evaluate the surfaces' ability to support cell growth and promote osteogenic differentiation. Surfaces exhibiting the highest expressions of the bone markers osteopontin and osteocalcin were selected for an in vivo study in a rat mandibular defect model. Twenty rats were divided into 5 groups, equally, and a 5 mm surgical defect of the jaw was left untreated or filled with 2ZnFA, FA, autograft, or demineralized bone matrix (DBM). At 12 weeks, the defects and surrounding tissues were harvested and subjected to microCT and histological evaluations. RESULTS Standard techniques such as FTIR, ICP-MS, fluoride probe, and XRD revealed the sintered FA and ZnFA's chemical compositions and structures. Bacterial studies revealed no significant differences in surface bacterial adhesion properties between FA and 2ZnFA, but significantly fewer bacterial loads than control titanium discs (p < 0.05). Cell culture data confirmed that both surfaces could support cell growth and promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. MicroCT analysis confirmed statistical similarities in bone regeneration within FA, 2ZnFA, and autograft groups. CONCLUSION The data suggests that both FA and 2ZnFA could serve as alternatives to autograft materials, which are the current gold standard. Moreover, these bone fillers outperformed DBM, an allograft material commonly used as a dental bone void filler. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of FA or 2ZnFA for treating mandibular defects led to bone regeneration statistically similar to autograft repair and significantly outperformed the widely used dental bone filler, DBM. Additional translational research may confirm FA-based materials as superior substitutes for existing synthetic bone fillers, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K Steyl
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Rm. 3100. Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sujee Jeyapalina
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Rm. 3100. Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alec Griffin
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Vishnu Krishnamoorthi
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - James Peter Beck
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah School of Medicine, 590 Wakara Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Jill Shea
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Rm. 3100. Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Qadeer A, Khan A, Khan NM, Wajid A, Ullah K, Skalickova S, Chilala P, Slama P, Horky P, Alqahtani MS, Alreshidi MA. Use of nanotechnology-based nanomaterial as a substitute for antibiotics in monogastric animals. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31728. [PMID: 38845989 PMCID: PMC11153202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising solution for tackling antibiotic resistance in monogastric animals, providing innovative methods to enhance animal health and well-being. This review explores the novel use of nanotechnology-based nanomaterials as substitutes for antibiotics in monogastric animals. With growing global concerns about antibiotic resistance and the need for sustainable practices in animal husbandry, nanotechnology offers a compelling avenue to address these challenges. The objectives of this review are to find out the potential of nanomaterials in improving animal health while reducing reliance on conventional antibiotics. We examine various forms of nanomaterials and their roles in promoting gut health and also emphasize fresh perspectives brought by integrating nanotechnology into animal healthcare. Additionally, we delve into the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial properties of nanomaterials and their effectiveness in combating microbial resistance. By shedding light on the transformative role of nanotechnology in animal production systems. This review contributes to our understanding of how nanotechnology can provide safer and more sustainable alternatives to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aamir Khan
- Livestock and Dairy Development (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Noor Muhammad Khan
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Abdul Wajid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Kaleem Ullah
- Livestock and Dairy Development (Extension), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pompido Chilala
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Slama
- Laboratory of Animal Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 RH, UK
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Chen W, Ge P, Lu Z, Liu X, Cao M, Yan Z, Chen M. Acute exposure to seasonal PM 2.5 induces toxicological responses in A549 cells cultured at the air-liquid interface mediated by oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118283. [PMID: 38253190 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) enters the human body through respiration and poses a threat to human health. This is not only dependent on its mass concentration in the atmosphere, but also related to seasonal variations in its chemical components, which makes it important to study the cytotoxicity of PM2.5 in different seasons. Traditional immersion exposure cannot simulate the living environment of human epithelial cells in the human body, making this method unsuitable for evaluating the inhalation toxicity of PM2.5. In this study, a novel air-liquid interface (ALI) particulate matter exposure device (VITROCELL Cloud 12 system) was used to evaluate the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of human lung epithelial cells (A549) after exposure to seasonal PM2.5. PM2.5 samples from four seasons were collected and analyzed for chemical components. After 6 h of exposure to seasonal PM2.5, winter PM2.5 exhibited the highest cytotoxicity among most toxicity indicators, especially apoptosis rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory responses and DNA damage (γ-H2AX). The effect of autumn PM2.5 on apoptosis rate was significantly higher than that in spring, and there was no significant difference in other toxicity indicators between spring and autumn. The cytotoxicity of summer PM2.5 was the lowest among the four seasons. It should be noted that even exposure to low doses of summer PM2.5 leads to significant DNA damage in A459 cells. Correlation analysis results showed that water-soluble ions, metallic elements, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were associated with most toxicological endpoints. Inhibitors of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress significantly inhibited cellular damage, indicating that PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity may be related to the generation of ROS and ER stress. In addition, PM2.5 can induce ER stress through oxidative stress, which ultimately leads to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wankang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Pengxiang Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Zhenyu Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Maoyu Cao
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhansheng Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Mindong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
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Ravikumar OV, Marunganathan V, Kumar MSK, Mohan M, Shaik MR, Shaik B, Guru A, Mat K. Zinc oxide nanoparticles functionalized with cinnamic acid for targeting dental pathogens receptor and modulating apoptotic genes in human oral epidermal carcinoma KB cells. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:352. [PMID: 38400866 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral diseases are often attributed to dental pathogens such as S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis, and C. albicans. In this research work, a novel approach was employed to combat these pathogens by preparing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) capped with cinnamic acid (CA) plant compounds. METHODS The synthesized ZnO-CA NPs were characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD to validate their composition and structural features. The antioxidant activity of ZnO-CA NPs was confirmed using DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging assays. The antimicrobial effects of ZnO-CA NPs were validated using a zone of inhibition assay against dental pathogens. Autodock tool was used to identify the interaction of cinnamic acid with dental pathogen receptors. RESULTS ZnO-CA NPs exhibited potent antioxidant activity in both DPPH and ABTS assays, suggesting their potential as powerful antioxidants. The minimal inhibitory concentration of ZnO-CA NPs against dental pathogens was found 25 µg/mL, indicating their effective antimicrobial properties. Further, ZnO-CA NPs showed better binding affinity and amino acid interaction with dental pathogen receptors. Also, the ZnO-CA NPs exhibited dose-dependent (5 µg/mL, 15 µg/mL, 25 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL) anticancer activity against Human Oral Epidermal Carcinoma KB cells. The mechanism of action of apoptotic activity of ZnO-CA NPs on the KB cells was identified through the upregulation of BCL-2, BAX, and P53 genes. CONCLUSIONS This research establishes the potential utility of ZnO-CA NPs as a promising candidate for dental applications. The potent antioxidant, anticancer, and effective antimicrobial properties of ZnO-CA NPs make them a valuable option for combating dental pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Ravikumar
- Department of Microbiology, SRM Arts and Science College, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu District, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vanitha Marunganathan
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar
- Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC), Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Magesh Mohan
- Saveetha College of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baji Shaik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Khairiyah Mat
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia.
- Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia.
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Jayanetti M, Thambiliyagodage C, Liyanaarachchi H, Ekanayake G, Mendis A, Usgodaarachchi L. In vitro influence of PEG functionalized ZnO-CuO nanocomposites on bacterial growth. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1293. [PMID: 38221550 PMCID: PMC10788344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyethyleneglycol-coated biocompatible CuO-ZnO nanocomposites were fabricated hydrothermally varying Zn:Cu ratios as 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2, and their antibacterial activity was determined through the well diffusion method against the Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration values of the synthesized samples were determined. Subsequently, the time synergy kill assay was performed to elucidate the nature of the overall inhibitory effect against the aforementioned bacterial species. The mean zone of inhibition values for all four samples are presented. The inhibitory effect increased with increasing concentration of the nanocomposite (20, 40 and 60 mg/ml) on all the bacterial species except for S. aureus. According to the MBC/MIC ratio, ZnO was found to be bacteriostatic for E. coli and P. aeruginosa, and bactericidal for S. aureus and K. pneumoniae. Zn:Cu 2:1 was bactericidal on all bacterial species. A bacteriostatic effect was observed on E. coli and P. aeruginosa in the presence of Zn:Cu 1:1 whereas, it showed a bactericidal effect on S. aureus and K. pneumoniae. Zn:Cu 1:2 exhibited a bacteriostatic effect on E. coli while a bactericidal effect was observed for E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae. The metal oxide nanocomposites were found to be more sensitive towards the Gram-positive strain than the Gram-negative strains. Further, all the nanocomposites possess anti-oxidant activity as shown by the DPPH assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madara Jayanetti
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka
| | - Charitha Thambiliyagodage
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka.
| | - Heshan Liyanaarachchi
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka
| | - Geethma Ekanayake
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka
| | - Amavin Mendis
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka
| | - Leshan Usgodaarachchi
- Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, New Kandy Road, Malabe, Sri Lanka
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Goyal V, Rani D, Ritika, Mehrotra S, Deng C, Wang Y. Unlocking the Potential of Nano-Enabled Precision Agriculture for Efficient and Sustainable Farming. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3744. [PMID: 37960100 PMCID: PMC10649170 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has attracted remarkable attention due to its unique features and potential uses in multiple domains. Nanotechnology is a novel strategy to boost production from agriculture along with superior efficiency, ecological security, biological safety, and monetary security. Modern farming processes increasingly rely on environmentally sustainable techniques, providing substitutes for conventional fertilizers and pesticides. The drawbacks inherent in traditional agriculture can be addressed with the implementation of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology can uplift the global economy, so it becomes essential to explore the application of nanoparticles in agriculture. In-depth descriptions of the microbial synthesis of nanoparticles, the site and mode of action of nanoparticles in living cells and plants, the synthesis of nano-fertilizers and their effects on nutrient enhancement, the alleviation of abiotic stresses and plant diseases, and the interplay of nanoparticles with the metabolic processes of both plants and microbes are featured in this review. The antimicrobial activity, ROS-induced toxicity to cells, genetic damage, and growth promotion of plants are among the most often described mechanisms of operation of nanoparticles. The size, shape, and dosage of nanoparticles determine their ability to respond. Nevertheless, the mode of action of nano-enabled agri-chemicals has not been fully elucidated. The information provided in our review paper serves as an essential viewpoint when assessing the constraints and potential applications of employing nanomaterials in place of traditional fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Goyal
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Dolly Rani
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Ritika
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India
| | - Shweta Mehrotra
- Department of Bio and Nano Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Chaoyi Deng
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (C.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (C.D.); (Y.W.)
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Ahluwalia KK, Thakur K, Ahluwalia AS, Hashem A, Avila-Quezada GD, Abd_Allah EF, Thakur N. Assessment of Genotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Mosquito as Test Model. TOXICS 2023; 11:887. [PMID: 37999539 PMCID: PMC10674525 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The widespread applications of ZnO NPs in the different areas of science, technology, medicine, agriculture, and commercial products have led to increased chances of their release into the environment. This created a growing public concern about the toxicological and environmental effects of the nanoparticles. The impact of these NPs on the genetic materials of living organisms is documented in some cultured cells and plants, but there are only a few studies regarding this aspect in animals. In view of this, the present work regarding the assessment of the genotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles using the mosquito Culex quinquefaciatus has been taken up. Statistically significant chromosomal aberrations over the control are recorded after the exposure of the fourth instar larvae to a dose of less than LD20 for 24 h. In order to select this dose, LD20 of ZnO NPs for the mosquito is determined by Probit analysis. Lacto-aceto-orcein stained chromosomal preparations are made from gonads of adult treated and control mosquitoes. Both structural aberrations, such as chromosomal breaks, fragments, translocations, and terminal fusions, resulting in the formation of rings and clumped chromosomes, and numerical ones, including hypo- and hyper-aneuploidy at metaphases, bridges, and laggards at the anaphase stage are observed. The percentage frequency of abnormalities in the shape of sperm heads is also found to be statistically significant over the controls. Besides this, zinc oxide nanoparticles are also found to affect the reproductive potential and embryo development as egg rafts obtained from the genetic crosses of ZnO nanoparticle-treated virgin females and normal males are small in size with a far smaller number of eggs per raft. The percentage frequencies of dominant lethal mutations indicated by the frequency of unhatched eggs are also statistically significant (p < 0.05) over the control. The induction of abnormalities in all of the three short-term assays studied during the present piece of work indicates the genotoxic potential of ZnO NPs, which cannot be labeled absolutely safe, and this study pinpoints the need to develop strategies for the protection of the environment and living organisms thriving in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwaljit Kaur Ahluwalia
- Department of Zoology, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh 173101, India; (K.K.A.); (K.T.)
| | - Kritika Thakur
- Department of Zoology, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh 173101, India; (K.K.A.); (K.T.)
| | - Amrik Singh Ahluwalia
- Department of Botany, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh 173101, India;
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Neelam Thakur
- Department of Zoology, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Himachal Pradesh 173101, India; (K.K.A.); (K.T.)
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Raghavan D, Patinharekkara SC, Elampilay ST, Payatatti VKI, Charles S, Veeraraghavan S, Kadiyalath J, Vandana S, Purayil SK, Prasadam H, Anitha SJ. New insights into bacterial Zn homeostasis and molecular architecture of the metal resistome in soil polluted with nano zinc oxide. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115222. [PMID: 37418939 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of nano ZnO (nZnO) in soils could be toxic to bacterial communities through disruption of Zn homeostasis. Under such conditions, bacterial communities strive to maintain cellular Zn levels by accentuation of appropriate cellular machinery. In this study, soil was exposed to a gradient (50-1000 mg Zn kg-1) of nZnO for evaluating their effects on genes involved in Zn homeostasis (ZHG). The responses were compared with similar levels of its bulk counterpart (bZnO). It was observed that ZnO (as nZnO or bZnO) induced a plethora of influx and efflux transporters as well as metallothioneins (MTs) and metallochaperones mediated by an array of Zn sensitive regulatory proteins. Major influx system identified was the ZnuABC transporter, while important efflux transporters identified were CzcCBA, ZntA, YiiP and the major regulator was Zur. The response of communities was dose- dependent at lower concentrations (<500 mg Zn kg-1 as nZnO or bZnO). However, at 1000 mg Zn kg-1, a size-dependent threshold of gene/gene family abundances was evident. Under nZnO, a poor adaptation to toxicity induced anaerobic conditions due to deployment of major influx and secondary detoxifying systems as well as poor chelation of free Zn ions was evident. Moreover, Zn homeostasis related link with biofilm formation and virulence were accentuated under nZnO than bZnO. While these findings were verified by PCoA and Procrustes analysis, Network analysis and taxa vs ZHG associations also substantiated that a stronger Zn shunting mechanism was induced under nZnO due to higher toxicity. Molecular crosstalks with systems governing Cu and Fe homeostasis were also evident. Expression analysis of important resistance genes by qRT-PCR showed good alignment with the predictive metagenome data, thereby validating our findings. From the study it was evident that the induction of detoxifying and resistant genes was greatly lowered under nZnO, which markedly hampered Zn homeostasis among the soil bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Raghavan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | | | | | | | - Sona Charles
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | | | - Jayarajan Kadiyalath
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Sajith Vandana
- National Institute of Technology, NIT Campus PO, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | | | - Haritha Prasadam
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research, Marikunnu PO, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
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Kah Sem NAD, Abd Gani S, Chong CM, Natrah I, Shamsi S. Management and Mitigation of Vibriosis in Aquaculture: Nanoparticles as Promising Alternatives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12542. [PMID: 37628723 PMCID: PMC10454253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Vibriosis is one of the most common diseases in marine aquaculture, caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio, that has been affecting many species of economically significant aquatic organisms around the world. The prevention of vibriosis in aquaculture is difficult, and the various treatments for vibriosis have their limitations. Therefore, there is an imperative need to find new alternatives. This review is based on the studies on vibriosis, specifically on the various treatments and their limitations, as well as the application of nanoparticles in aquaculture. One of the promising nanoparticles is graphene oxide (GO), which has been used in various applications, particularly in biological applications such as biosensors, drug delivery, and potential treatment for infectious diseases. GO has been shown to have anti-bacterial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, but no research has been published that emphasizes its impact on Vibrio spp. The review aims to explore the potential use of GO for treatment against vibriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan Anong Densaad Kah Sem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.D.K.S.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Shafinaz Abd Gani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.D.K.S.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Chou Min Chong
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (C.M.C.); (I.N.)
| | - Ikhsan Natrah
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (C.M.C.); (I.N.)
| | - Suhaili Shamsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.A.D.K.S.); (S.A.G.)
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11
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Giráldez-Pérez RM, Grueso EM, Carbonero A, Álvarez Márquez J, Gordillo M, Kuliszewska E, Prado-Gotor R. Synergistic Antibacterial Effects of Amoxicillin and Gold Nanoparticles: A Therapeutic Option to Combat Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1275. [PMID: 37627696 PMCID: PMC10451730 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12081275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Compacted Au@16-mph-16/DNA-AMOX (NSi) nanosystems were prepared from amoxicillin (AMOX) and precursor Au@16-mph-16 gold nanoparticles (Ni) using a Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) biopolymer as a glue. The synthesized nanocarrier was tested on different bacterial strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae to evaluate its effectiveness as an antibiotic as well as its internalization. Synthesis of the nanosystems required previous structural and thermodynamic studies using circular dichroism (CD) and UV-visible techniques to guarantee optimal complex formation and maximal DNA compaction, characteristics which facilitate the correct uptake of the nanocarrier. Two nanocomplexes with different compositions and structures, denoted NS1 and NS2, were prepared, the first involving external Au@16-mph-16 binding and the second partial intercalation. The Ni and NSi nanosystems obtained were characterized via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques to measure their charge, aggregation state and hydrodynamic size, and to verify their presence inside the bacteria. From these studies, it was concluded that the zeta potential values for gold nanoparticles, NS1, and NS2 nanosystems were 67.8, -36.7, and -45.1 mV. Moreover, the particle size distribution of the Au@16-mph-16 gold nanoparticles and NS2 nanoformulation was found to be 2.6 nm and 69.0 nm, respectively. However, for NS1 nanoformulation, a bimodal size distribution of 44 nm (95.5%) and 205 nm (4.5%) was found. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined for the bacteria studied using a microdilution plates assay. The effect on Escherichia coli bacteria was notable, with MIC values of 17 µM for both the NS1 and NS2 nanosystems. The Staphylococcus aureus chart shows a greater inhibition effect of NS2 and NP2 in non-diluted wells, and clearly reveals a great effect on Streptococcus pneumoniae, reaching MIC values of 0.53 µM in more diluted wells. These results are in good agreement with TEM internalization studies of bacteria that reveal significant internalization and damage in Streptococcus pneumoniae. In all the treatments carried out, the antibiotic capacity of gold nanosystems as enhancers of amoxicillin was demonstrated, causing both the precursors and the nanosystems to act very quickly, and thus favoring microbial death with a small amount of antibiotic. Therefore, these gold nanosystems may constitute an effective therapy to combat resistance to antibiotics, in addition to avoiding the secondary effects derived from the administration of high doses of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Giráldez-Pérez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Elia M. Grueso
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Carbonero
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Juan Álvarez Márquez
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain;
| | - Mirian Gordillo
- Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty, University of Cordoba, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; (A.C.); (M.G.)
| | | | - Rafael Prado-Gotor
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain;
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Narayanan KB, Bhaskar R, Seok YJ, Han SS. Photocatalytic Degradation, Anticancer, and Antibacterial Studies of Lysinibacillus sphaericus Biosynthesized Hybrid Metal/Semiconductor Nanocomposites. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1810. [PMID: 37512982 PMCID: PMC10385839 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological synthesis of nanocomposites has become cost-effective and environmentally friendly and can achieve sustainability with high efficiency. Recently, the biological synthesis of semiconductor and metal-doped semiconductor nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic degradation efficiency, anticancer, and antibacterial properties has attracted considerable attention. To this end, for the first time, we biosynthesized zinc oxide (ZnO) and silver/ZnO nanocomposites (Ag/ZnO NCs) as semiconductor and metal-doped semiconductor nanocomposites, respectively, using the cell-free filtrate (CFF) of the bacterium Lysinibacillus sphaericus. The biosynthesized ZnO and Ag/ZnO NCs were characterized by various techniques, such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic degradation potential of these semiconductor NPs and metal-semiconductor NCs was evaluated against thiazine dye, methylene blue (MB) degradation, under simulated solar irradiation. Ag/ZnO showed 90.4 ± 0.46% photocatalytic degradation of MB, compared to 38.18 ± 0.15% by ZnO in 120 min. The cytotoxicity of ZnO and Ag/ZnO on human cervical HeLa cancer cells was determined using an MTT assay. Both nanomaterials exhibited cytotoxicity in a concentration- and time-dependent manner on HeLa cells. The antibacterial activity was also determined against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus). Compared to ZnO, Ag/ZnO NCs showed higher antibacterial activity. Hence, the biosynthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles could be a promising strategy for developing hybrid metal/semiconductor nanomaterials for different biomedical and environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Badri Narayanan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joo Seok
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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13
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Singh S, Naik TSSK, Thamaraiselvan C, Behera SK, N P, Nath B, Dwivedi P, Singh J, Ramamurthy PC. Applicability of new sustainable and efficient green metal-based nanoparticles for removal of Cr(VI): Adsorption anti-microbial, and DFT studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121105. [PMID: 36682618 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia absinthium leaves were utilized as a reducing agent for green synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (particle size 17 nm). Synthesized green-ZnO (g-ZnO) were characterized by SEM/EDX, FTIR, XRD, UV, and BET analyses and then further used as an adsorbent to remove Cr(VI) ions from simulated wastewater. Optimal pH, temperature and adsorbent dosage were determined through batch mode studies. High removal efficiency and adsorption capacity were observed at pH 4, 0.25 g L-1 dosage, and 25 mg L-1 concentration of Cr(VI). Experimental data were modelled with different adsorption kinetics (Elovich model, PFO, PSO, IDP model) and isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin), and it was found the adsorption process was well fitted to Langmuir with an R2 value greater than>0.99. Computational calculation showed that the g-ZnO nanoparticles became ∼14 times more dynamic with delocalized surface states making them a relevant platform to adsorb Cr with greater work function compatibility supporting the experimental findings. The Qmax adsorption capacity of g-ZnO was 315.46 mg g-1 from Langmuir calculations. Thermodynamic calculations reveal that the Cr (VI) adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic, with a positive ΔS value representing the disorder at the solid-solution interface during the adsorption. In addition, the present study has demonstrated that these g-ZnO nanoparticles show strong antibacterial activities against P. aeruginosa (MTCC 1688) and E. coli (MTCC 1687). Also, the novel g-ZnO adsorbent capacity to remove Cr(VI) from simulated water revealed that it could be reused at least six times with higher removal rates during regeneration experiments. The results obtained from adsorption and antimicrobial activities suggest that g-ZnO nanoparticles could be used effectively in real-time wastewater and agricultural safety applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simranjeet Singh
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India
| | - T S S K Naik
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India
| | - C Thamaraiselvan
- Inter Disciplinary Centre for Energy Research (ICER), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - S K Behera
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India
| | - Pavithra N
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India
| | - Bidisha Nath
- Inter Disciplinary Centre for Energy Research (ICER), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - P Dwivedi
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221 005, India
| | - Joginder Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144111, India
| | - Praveen C Ramamurthy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research (ICWaR), Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 56001, India.
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14
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Curcumin-ZnO nanocomposite mediated inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and its mechanism of action. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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15
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Husk-like Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce Apoptosis through ROS Generation in Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells: Effect of Incubation Period on Sol-Gel Synthesis and Anti-Cancerous Properties. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020320. [PMID: 36830857 PMCID: PMC9953567 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study effectively reports the influence of experimental incubation period on the sol-gel production of husk-like zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) and their anti-cancerous abilities. The surface morphology of ZNPs was studied with the help of SEM. With the use of TEM, the diameter range of the ZNPs was estimated to be ~86 and ~231 nm for ZNPA and ZNPB, prepared by incubating zinc oxide for 2 and 10 weeks, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation showed that ZNPs had a pure wurtzite crystal structure. On prolonging the experimental incubation, a relative drop in aspect ratio was observed, displaying a distinct blue-shift in the UV-visible spectrum. Furthermore, RBC lysis assay results concluded that ZNPA and ZNPB both demonstrated innoxious nature. As indicated by MTT assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and chromatin condensation investigations against the human epidermoid carcinoma (HEC) A431 cells, ZNPB demonstrated viable relevance to chemotherapy. Compared to ZNPB, ZNPA had a slightly lower IC50 against A431 cells due to its small size. This study conclusively describes a simple, affordable method to produce ZNP nano-formulations that display significant cytotoxicity against the skin cancer cell line A431, suggesting that ZNPs may be useful in the treatment of cancer.
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Brar B, Marwaha S, Poonia AK, Koul B, Kajla S, Rajput VD. Nanotechnology: a contemporary therapeutic approach in combating infections from multidrug-resistant bacteria. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:62. [PMID: 36629918 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In the 20th century, the discovery of antibiotics played an essential role in the fight against infectious diseases, including meningitis, typhoid fever, pneumonia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The development of multidrug resistance in microflora due to improper antibiotic use created significant public health issues. Antibiotic resistance has increased at an alarming rate in the past few decades. Multidrug-resistant bacteria (superbugs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as well as drug-resistant tuberculosis pose serious health implications. Despite the continuous increase in resistant microbes, the discovery of novel antibiotics is constrained by the cost and complexities of discovery of drugs. The nanotechnology has given new hope in combating this problem. In the present review, recent developments in therapeutics utilizing nanotechnology for novel antimicrobial drug development are discussed. The nanoparticles of silver, gold and zinc oxide have proved to be efficient antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escherichia Coli and MRSA. Using nanostructures as carriers for antimicrobial agents provides better bioavailability, less chances of sub-therapeutic drug accumulation and less drug-related toxicity. Nanophotothermal therapy using fullerene and antibody functionalized nanostructures are other strategies that can prove to be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanti Brar
- HABITAT, Genome Improvement Primary Producer Company Ltd. Centre of Biofertilizer Production and Technology, HAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Sumnil Marwaha
- ICAR-National Research Centre On Camel, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Kumar Poonia
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India. .,Department of Molecular Biology &Biotechnology, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Bhupendra Koul
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Subhash Kajla
- Department of Molecular Biology &Biotechnology, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
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Baholet D, Skalickova S, Kopec T, Horky P. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Phosphate-Based Zinc Nanoparticles. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun.2022.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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18
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Motta AGC, Guerra V, do Amaral DF, da Costa Araújo AP, Vieira LG, de Melo E Silva D, Rocha TL. Assessment of multiple biomarkers in Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae) tadpoles exposed to zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc chloride: integrating morphological and behavioral approaches to ecotoxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:13755-13772. [PMID: 36138291 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The ecotoxicological risk to vertebrates posed by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is still poorly understood, especially in animals with a biphasic life cycle, which have aquatic and terrestrial phases, such as amphibians. In the present study, we investigated whether acute exposure (7 days) to ZnO NPs and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) at three environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg L-1) induces changes in the morphology, chondrocranium, and behavior of the tadpoles of Lithobates catesbeianus (Anura: Ranidae). Tadpoles exposed to both forms of Zn did not undergo any morphological or behavioral changes at the lowest concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 mg L-1). However, the animals exposed to the highest concentration (10 mg L-1) lacked oral disc structures, were smaller in size, had a longer tail, and presented changes in the position and coiling of the intestine and malformations of the chondrocranium in comparison with the control group. This indicates that ZnO NPs and ZnCl2 altered the development of the tadpoles, causing delays in their metamorphosis and even reducing individual fitness. The tadpoles exposed to both forms of Zn at 10 mg L-1 also had reduced mobility, especially in the presence of conspecifics. Based on these findings, we emphasize the importance of studying morphological, skeletal, and behavioral biomarkers to evaluate the toxic effects of metal-based nanoparticles in amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreya Gonçalves Costa Motta
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 235, Goiânia, GoiâniaGoiás, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Guerra
- Graduate Program in Ecology and the Management of Natural Resources, Federal University of Acre, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil
- Boitatá Institute of Ethnobiology and Conservation of the Fauna, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Diogo Ferreira do Amaral
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 235, Goiânia, GoiâniaGoiás, Brazil
| | - Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo
- Biological Research Laboratory, Graduate Program in the Conservation of Natural Resources in the Cerrado, Goiás Federal Institute - Urutaí Campus, Urutaí, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Gonçalves Vieira
- Ontogeny and Morphology Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Rua 235, Goiânia, GoiâniaGoiás, Brazil.
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Yang X, Yu Q, Gao W, Tang X, Yi H, Tang X. The mechanism of metal-based antibacterial materials and the progress of food packaging applications: A review. CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL 2022; 48:34148-34168. [PMID: 36059853 PMCID: PMC9419445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.08.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Food packages have been detected carrying novel coronavirus in multi-locations since the outbreak of COVID-19, causing major concern in the field of food safety. Metal-based supported materials are widely used for sterilization due to their excellent antibacterial properties as well as low biological resistance. As the principal part of antibacterial materials, the active component, commonly referred to Ag, Cu, Zn, etc., plays the main role in inhibiting and killing pathogenic microorganisms by destroying the structure of cells. As another composition of metal-based antibacterial materials, the carrier could support and disperse the active component, which on one hand, could effectively decrease the usage amount of active component, on the other hand, could be processed into various forms to broaden the application range of antibacterial materials. Different from other metal-based antibacterial reviews, in order to highlight the detailed function of various carriers, we divided the carriers into biocompatible and adsorptable types and discussed their different antibacterial effects. Moreover, a novel substitution antibacterial mechanism was proposed. The coating and shaping techniques of metal-based antibacterial materials as well as their applications in food storage at ambient and low temperatures are also comprehensively summarized. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis and reference for researchers in this field to develop new metal-based antibacterial materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qingjun Yu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoning Tang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Honghong Yi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaolong Tang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, Beijing, 100083, China
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20
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Aljohar AY, Muteeb G, Zia Q, Siddiqui S, Aatif M, Farhan M, Khan MF, Alsultan A, Jamal A, Alshoaibi A, Ahmad E, Alam MW, Arshad M, Ahamed MI. Anticancer effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by varying entry time of ion carriers against A431 skin cancer cells in vitro. Front Chem 2022; 10:1069450. [PMID: 36531331 PMCID: PMC9751667 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1069450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Although, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZRTs) as an anti-cancer agent have been the subject of numerous studies, none of the reports has investigated the impact of the reaction entry time of ion-carriers on the preparation of ZRTs. Therefore, we synthesized variants of ZRTs by extending the entry time of NaOH (that acts as a carrier of hydroxyl ions) in the reaction mixture. The anti-proliferative action, morphological changes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and nuclear apoptosis of ZRTs on human A431 skin carcinoma cells were observed. The samples revealed crystallinity and purity by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of ZRT-1 (5 min ion carrier entry) and ZRT-2 (10 min ion carrier entry) revealed microtubule like morphology. On prolonging the entry time for ion carrier (NaOH) introduction in the reaction mixture, a relative ascent in the aspect ratio was seen. The typical ZnO band with a slight shift in the absorption maxima was evident with UV-visible spectroscopy. Both ZRT-1 and ZRT-2 exhibited non-toxic behavior as evident by RBC lysis assay. Additionally, ZRT-2 showed better anti-cancer potential against A431 cells as seen by MTT assay, ROS generation and chromatin condensation analyses. At 25 μM of ZRT-2, 5.56% cells were viable in MTT test, ROS production was enhanced to 166.71%, while 33.0% of apoptotic cells were observed. The IC50 for ZRT-2 was slightly lower (6 μM) than that for ZRT-1 (8 μM) against A431 cells. In conclusion, this paper presents a modest, economical procedure to generate ZRT nano-structures exhibiting strong cytotoxicity against the A431 cell line, indicating that ZRTs may have application in combating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albandri Yousef Aljohar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazala Muteeb
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qamar Zia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahabjada Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Era’s Lucknow Medical College & Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Aatif
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Farhan
- Department of Basic Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd. Farhan Khan
- Faculty of Science, Gagan College of Management & Technology, Aligarh, India
| | - Abdulrahman Alsultan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adil Alshoaibi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Arshad
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Zoology Department, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Imran Ahamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Serov DA, Burmistrov DE, Simakin AV, Astashev ME, Uvarov OV, Tolordava ER, Semenova AA, Lisitsyn AB, Gudkov SV. Composite Coating for the Food Industry Based on Fluoroplast and ZnO-NPs: Physical and Chemical Properties, Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity, Cytotoxicity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4158. [PMID: 36500781 PMCID: PMC9739285 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial contamination of meat products during its preparation at the enterprise is an important problem for the global food industry. Cutting boards are one of the main sources of infection. In order to solve this problem, the creation of mechanically stable coatings with antibacterial activity is one of the most promising strategies. For such a coating, we developed a composite material based on "liquid" Teflon and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The nanoparticles obtained with laser ablation had a rod-like morphology, an average size of ~60 nm, and a ζ-potential of +30 mV. The polymer composite material was obtained by adding the ZnO-NPs to the polymer matrix at a concentration of 0.001-0.1% using the low-temperature technology developed by the research team. When applying a composite material to a surface with damage, the elimination of defects on a micrometer scale was observed. The effect of the composite material on the generation of reactive oxygen species (H2O2, •OH), 8-oxoguanine in DNA in vitro, and long-lived reactive protein species (LRPS) was evaluated. The composite coating increased the generation of all of the studied compounds by 50-200%. The effect depended on the concentration of added ZnO-NPs. The antibacterial and antibiofilm effects of the Teflon/ZnO NP coating against L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and S. typhimurium, as well as cytotoxicity against the primary culture of mouse fibroblasts, were studied. The conducted microbiological study showed that the fluoroplast/ZnO-NPs coating has a strong bacteriostatic effect against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the fluoroplast/ZnO-NPs composite material only showed potential cytotoxicity against primary mammalian cell culture at a concentration of 0.1%. Thus, a composite material has been obtained, the use of which may be promising for the creation of antibacterial coatings in the meat processing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy A. Serov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitriy E. Burmistrov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Simakin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim E. Astashev
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Uvarov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eteri R. Tolordava
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26, Talalikhina St., 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Semenova
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26, Talalikhina St., 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey B. Lisitsyn
- V. M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26, Talalikhina St., 109316 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilova St., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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22
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Sazykina M, Barabashin T, Konstantinova E, Al-Rammahi AAK, Pavlenko L, Khmelevtsova L, Karchava S, Klimova M, Mkhitaryan I, Khammami M, Sazykin I. Non-corresponding contaminants in marine surface sediments as a factor of ARGs spread in the Sea of Azov. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 184:114196. [PMID: 36219972 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the level and total toxicity of the most common pollutants in surface sediments and assess their impact on the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the Sea of Azov. Biotesting using the whole-cell bacterial lux-biosensors showed high integral toxicity of surface sediments and the presence of genotoxicants and substances that cause oxidative stress and protein damage. Using cluster analysis, it was shown that the distribution of pollutants in the Sea of Azov depends on the type of surface sediments. The relative abundance and distribution of 14 ARGs in surface sediments were shown. Principle component analyses results suggest that non-corresponding contaminants do not exert direct influence on the ARGs abundance in the surface sediments of the Sea of Azov. Thus, the need to investigate the significance of non-corresponding pollutants in the selection and distribution of ARGs in the aquatic environment remains a pressing problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sazykina
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation.
| | - Timofey Barabashin
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation; Azov-Black Sea Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 21v Beregovaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344002, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Liliya Pavlenko
- Azov-Black Sea Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 21v Beregovaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344002, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila Khmelevtsova
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Shorena Karchava
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Klimova
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Irina Mkhitaryan
- Azov-Black Sea Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 21v Beregovaya St., Rostov-on-Don 344002, Russian Federation
| | - Margarita Khammami
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan Sazykin
- Southern Federal University, 194/2 Stachki Avenue, Rostov-on-Don 344090, Russian Federation
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23
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Chakraborty N, Jha D, Roy I, Kumar P, Gaurav SS, Marimuthu K, Ng OT, Lakshminarayanan R, Verma NK, Gautam HK. Nanobiotics against antimicrobial resistance: harnessing the power of nanoscale materials and technologies. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:375. [PMID: 35953826 PMCID: PMC9371964 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01573-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the spasmodic increment in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), world is on the verge of “post-antibiotic era”. It is anticipated that current SARS-CoV2 pandemic would worsen the situation in future, mainly due to the lack of new/next generation of antimicrobials. In this context, nanoscale materials with antimicrobial potential have a great promise to treat deadly pathogens. These functional materials are uniquely positioned to effectively interfere with the bacterial systems and augment biofilm penetration. Most importantly, the core substance, surface chemistry, shape, and size of nanomaterials define their efficacy while avoiding the development of AMR. Here, we review the mechanisms of AMR and emerging applications of nanoscale functional materials as an excellent substitute for conventional antibiotics. We discuss the potential, promises, challenges and prospects of nanobiotics to combat AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayanika Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Diksha Jha
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, New Delhi, 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Indrajit Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, 110007, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailendra Singh Gaurav
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, 250004, India
| | - Kalisvar Marimuthu
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), Singapore, 308442, Singapore.,Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), 308433, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oon-Tek Ng
- National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), Singapore, 308442, Singapore.,Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH), 308433, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Ocular Infections and Anti-Microbials Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore. .,Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore. .,Academic Clinical Program in Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Navin Kumar Verma
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore. .,National Skin Centre, Singapore, 308205, Singapore.
| | - Hemant K Gautam
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Sukhdev Vihar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
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Singh R, Sharma A, Saji J, Umapathi A, Kumar S, Daima HK. Smart nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis and treatment. NANO CONVERGENCE 2022; 9:21. [PMID: 35569081 PMCID: PMC9108129 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-022-00313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Innovations in nanomedicine has guided the improved outcomes for cancer diagnosis and therapy. However, frequent use of nanomaterials remains challenging due to specific limitations like non-targeted distribution causing low signal-to-noise ratio for diagnostics, complex fabrication, reduced-biocompatibility, decreased photostability, and systemic toxicity of nanomaterials within the body. Thus, better nanomaterial-systems with controlled physicochemical and biological properties, form the need of the hour. In this context, smart nanomaterials serve as promising solution, as they can be activated under specific exogenous or endogenous stimuli such as pH, temperature, enzymes, or a particular biological molecule. The properties of smart nanomaterials make them ideal candidates for various applications like biosensors, controlled drug release, and treatment of various diseases. Recently, smart nanomaterial-based cancer theranostic approaches have been developed, and they are displaying better selectivity and sensitivity with reduced side-effects in comparison to conventional methods. In cancer therapy, the smart nanomaterials-system only activates in response to tumor microenvironment (TME) and remains in deactivated state in normal cells, which further reduces the side-effects and systemic toxicities. Thus, the present review aims to describe the stimulus-based classification of smart nanomaterials, tumor microenvironment-responsive behaviour, and their up-to-date applications in cancer theranostics. Besides, present review addresses the development of various smart nanomaterials and their advantages for diagnosing and treating cancer. Here, we also discuss about the drug targeting and sustained drug release from nanocarriers, and different types of nanomaterials which have been engineered for this intent. Additionally, the present challenges and prospects of nanomaterials in effective cancer diagnosis and therapeutics have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Singh
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, Shandong, China.
| | - Ayush Sharma
- Amity Center for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (ACNN), Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Joel Saji
- Amity Center for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (ACNN), Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akhela Umapathi
- Amity Center for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (ACNN), Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, Rajasthan, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, Shandong, China
| | - Hemant Kumar Daima
- Amity Center for Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine (ACNN), Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, 303002, Rajasthan, India.
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25
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Metryka O, Wasilkowski D, Mrozik A. Evaluation of the Effects of Ag, Cu, ZnO and TiO 2 Nanoparticles on the Expression Level of Oxidative Stress-Related Genes and the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4966. [PMID: 35563357 PMCID: PMC9103769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the molecular response of bacteria exposed to metal nanoparticles (NPs) is intensively studied, many phenomena related to their survival, metal uptake, gene expression and protein production are not fully understood. Therefore, this work aimed to study Ag-NPs, Cu-NPs, ZnO-NPs and TiO2-NPs-induced alterations in the expression level of selected oxidative stress-related genes in connection with the activity of antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), peroxidase (PER) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The methodology used included: the extraction of total RNA and cDNA synthesis, the preparation of primers for selected housekeeping and oxidative stress genes, RT-qPCR reaction and the measurements of CAT, PER and SOD activities. It was established that the treatment of E. coli and S. epidermidis with NPs resulted mainly in the down-regulation of targeted genes, whilst the up-regulation of genes was confirmed in B. cereus. The greatest differences in the relative expression levels of tested genes occurred in B. cereus and S. epidermidis treated with TiO2-NPs, while in E. coli, they were observed under ZnO-NPs exposure. The changes found were mostly related to the expression of genes encoding proteins with PER and CAT-like activity. Among NPs, ZnO-NPs and Cu-NPs increased the activity of antioxidants in E. coli and B. cereus. In turn, TiO2-NPs had a major effect on enzymes activity in S. epidermidis. Considering all of the collected results for tested bacteria, it can be emphasised that the impact of NPs on the antioxidant system functioning was dependent on their type and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Metryka
- Doctoral School, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Daniel Wasilkowski
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Mrozik
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
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26
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Pradeep H, M B, Suresh S, Thadathil A, Periyat P. Recent trends and advances in polyindole-based nanocomposites as potential antimicrobial agents: a mini review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8211-8227. [PMID: 35424771 PMCID: PMC8982365 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09317g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by multi-drug resistant microbes are a big challenge to the medical field and it necessitates the need for new biomedical agents that can act as potential candidates against these pathogens. Several polyindole based nanocomposites were found to exhibit the ability to release reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hence they show excellent antimicrobial properties. The features of polyindole can be fine-tuned to make them potential alternatives to antibiotics and antifungal medicines. This review clearly portrays the antimicrobial properties of polyindole based nanocomposites, reported so far for biomedical applications. This review will give a clear insight into the scope and possibilities for further research on the biomedical applications of polyindole based nanocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hareesh Pradeep
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calicut Kerala India-673635
| | - Bindu M
- Department of Environmental Studies, Kannur University Kerala India
| | - Shwetha Suresh
- Department of Environmental Studies, Kannur University Kerala India
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27
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Overcoming Multidrug Resistance of Antibiotics via Nanodelivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030586. [PMID: 35335962 PMCID: PMC8950514 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has become a threat to microbial therapies nowadays. The conventional approaches possess several limitations to combat microbial infections. Therefore, to overcome such complications, novel drug delivery systems have gained pharmaceutical scientists’ interest. Significant findings have validated the effectiveness of novel drug delivery systems such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, metallic nanoparticles, dendrimers, and lipid-based nanoparticles against severe microbial infections and combating antimicrobial resistance. This review article comprises the specific mechanism of antibiotic resistance development in bacteria. In addition, the manuscript incorporated the advanced nanotechnological approaches with their mechanisms, including interaction with the bacterial cell wall, inhibition of biofilm formations, activation of innate and adaptive host immune response, generation of reactive oxygen species, and induction of intracellular effect to fight against antibiotic resistance. A section of this article demonstrated the findings related to the development of delivery systems. Lastly, the role of microfluidics in fighting antimicrobial resistance has been discussed. Overall, this review article is an amalgamation of various strategies to study the role of novel approaches and their mechanism to fight against the resistance developed to the antimicrobial therapies.
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28
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Ma LY, Li QY, Yu X, Jiang M, Xu L. Recent developments in the removal of metal-based engineered nanoparticles from the aquatic environments by adsorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133089. [PMID: 34856236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, metal-based engineered nanoparticles (m-ENPs) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments for their wide applications in all walks of life. m-ENPs have been demonstrated to exert ecotoxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity towards organisms and even humans. Therefore, the removal of m-ENPs from water has recently become a hot global concerned issue. Adsorption is widely investigated for this purpose, owing to its advantages of low cost, easy operation, high removal efficiency and potential recycling use of both the adsorbents and adsorbates. As the adsorption and related technologies were hardly comprehensively overviewed for the removal of m-ENPs, herein, the present review particularly focuses on this topic. The fundamentals to the technology, including adsorption isotherm, adsorption dynamics, the adsorption process with the special emphasis on the relationship between surface area and porosity of the adsorbent and the adsorption capacity, etc., are fully discussed. As the kernel of the adsorption method, adsorbents with diversified chemical and physical properties in different types are comprehensively elaborated. The primary factors affecting the adsorption, and adsorption mechanisms are well summarized. Particularly, the regeneration of the adsorbents and the reuse of adsorbed m-ENPs are highlighted for the sustainability. Finally, challenges and prospects in this field are outlined. Overall, this review aims to provide valuable references for the development of new adsorbents with more efficient and practical applications to remove m-ENPs and direct the future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qin-Ying Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xu Yu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Li Xu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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29
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Carcinogenic Risk of Pb, Cd, Ni, and Cr and Critical Ecological Risk of Cd and Cu in Soil and Groundwater around the Municipal Solid Waste Open Dump in Central Thailand. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:3062215. [PMID: 35265140 PMCID: PMC8901317 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3062215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several consequences of health effects from municipal solid waste caused by carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic metals have been recognized. The water quality index (
) in the groundwater around this landfill is 2945.58, which is unacceptable for consumption. The contaminated groundwater mainly appears within a 1 km radius around the landfill. The metal pollution levels in the soil in descending order were Cu > Cd > Zn=Cr > Pb > Ni. The pollution degree (ER) of Cd was 2898.88, and the potential ecological risk index (RI) was 2945.58, indicating that the risk level was very high. Surprisingly, the hazard index (HI) of Pb (2.05) and Fe (1.59) in children was higher than 1. This indicated that the chronic risk and cancer risk caused by Pb and Fe for children were at a medium level. Carcinogenic risk by oral (CR oral) consumption of Ni, Cd, and Cr in children was 1.4E − 04, 2.5E − 04, and 1.8E − 04, respectively, while the lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) of Ni, Cd, and Cr in children was 1.5E − 04, 2.8E − 04, and 2.0E − 04, respectively. In adults, CR oral of Ni and Cr were 1.6E − 03 and 3.0E − 04, respectively, while LCR of Ni and Cr were 1.6E − 03 and 3.4E − 04, respectively, which exceeded the carcinogenic risks limits. Our study indicated a lifetime carcinogenic risk to humans. Environmental surveillance should focus on reducing health risks such as continuous monitoring of the groundwater, soil, and leachate treatment process.
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30
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Current Knowledge on the Oxidative-Stress-Mediated Antimicrobial Properties of Metal-Based Nanoparticles. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020437. [PMID: 35208891 PMCID: PMC8877623 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in recent years has been alarming and represents a major public health problem. The development of effective antimicrobial agents remains a key challenge. Nanotechnologies have provided opportunities for the use of nanomaterials as components in the development of antibacterial agents. Indeed, metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) show an effective role in targeting and killing bacteria via different mechanisms, such as attraction to the bacterial surface, destabilization of the bacterial cell wall and membrane, and the induction of a toxic mechanism mediated by a burst of oxidative stress (e.g., the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS)). Considering the lack of new antimicrobial drugs with novel mechanisms of action, the induction of oxidative stress represents a valuable and powerful antimicrobial strategy to fight MDR bacteria. Consequently, it is of particular interest to determine and precisely characterize whether NPs are able to induce oxidative stress in such bacteria. This highlights the particular interest that NPs represent for the development of future antibacterial drugs. Therefore, this review aims to provide an update on the latest advances in research focusing on the study and characterization of the induction of oxidative-stress-mediated antimicrobial mechanisms by metal-based NPs.
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Gharpure S, Yadwade R, Chakraborty B, Makar R, Chavhan P, Kamble S, Pawar P, Ankamwar B. Bioactive properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using Cocos nucifera leaves. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:45. [PMID: 35111560 PMCID: PMC8761787 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles has been reported using Cocos nucifera leaf (CNL) extract along with estimation of their antimicrobial potential before and after calcination using different micro-organisms. UV-visible spectra of ZnO nanoparticles showed absorption maxima at 383 nm and 363 nm, respectively, with 3.237 eV and 3.416 eV, respectively, as the corresponding band gap energies. FESEM and TEM images showed spherical morphologies of ZnO nanoparticles within the size range 109-215 nm. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of hexagonal wurtzite structures. ATR-IR spectra revealed the presence of stretching vibrations of N-H, O-H, C=C, C=O and NH2 groups along with C-H and N-H deformation involving biomolecules from CNL extract responsible for reduction and stabilization of ZnO nanoparticles. Uncalcinated ZnO nanoparticles displayed antibacterial activities only against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa whereas calcinated ZnO nanoparticles did not show antibacterial activities against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis. ZnO nanoparticles were not active against Penicillium spp., Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani as well as HCT-116 cancer cells before as well as after calcination. Antimicrobial nature and biocompatibility of ZnO nanoparticles were influenced by different parameters of the nanoparticles along with micro-organisms and the human cells. Non-antimicrobial properties of ZnO nanoparticles can be treated as a pre-requisite for its biocompatibility due to its inert nature. These ZnO nanoparticles can serve a dual purpose by facilitating use as antibacterial agent against susceptible micro-organisms as well as a biocompatible carrier molecule in drug delivery applications. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03110-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saee Gharpure
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Rachana Yadwade
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Barnika Chakraborty
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Rajani Makar
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Pallavi Chavhan
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Shweta Kamble
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Prarthana Pawar
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
| | - Balaprasad Ankamwar
- Bio-Inspired Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007 India
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Effect of UV Irradiation (A and C) on Casuarina equisetifolia-Mediated Biosynthesis and Characterization of Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Biocompatible Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111977. [PMID: 34834392 PMCID: PMC8622962 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a simple, safe, sustainable, reliable and eco-friendly protocol. Among different types of NPs, green-synthesized zinc oxide NPs (ZnONPs) show various promising biological uses due to their interesting magnetic, electrical, optical and chemical characteristics. Keeping in view the dependence of the therapeutic efficacy of NPs on their physico-chemical characteristics, the green synthesis of ZnONPs using Casuarina equisetifolia leaf extract under UV-A and UV-C light was carried out in this study. UV-irradiation helped to control the size and morphology of ZnONPs by exciting the electrons in the photoactive compounds of plant extracts to enhance the bio-reduction of ZnO into ZnONPs. C. equisetifolia leaf extract was found enriched with phenolic (2.47 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid content (0.88 ± 0.28 mg QE/g DW) contributing to its 74.33% free-radical scavenging activity. FTIR spectra showed the involvement of polyphenols in the bio-reduction, stabilization and capping of ZnONPs. Moreover, SEM-EDX and XRD analyses showed great potential of UV-C light in yielding smaller (34–39 nm) oval-shaped ZnONPs, whereas UV-A irradiation resulted in the formation of fairly spherical 67–71 nm ZnONPs and control ZnONPs were of mixed shape and even larger size (84–89 nm). Green-synthesized ZnONPs, notably CE-UV-C-ZnONPs, showed promising anti-bacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, ZnONPs also enhanced ROS production which led to a significant loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activated caspase-3 gene expression and caspase-3/7 activity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. CE-UV-C-ZnONP treatment reduced HepG2 cell viability to as low as 36.97% owing to their unique shape and smaller size. Lastly, ZnONPs were found to be highly biocompatible towards brine shrimp and human red blood cells suggesting their bio-safe nature. This research study sheds light on the plausible role of UV radiation in the green synthesis of ZnONPs with reasonable control over their size and morphology, thus improving their biological efficacy.
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Zabihi E, Arab-Bafrani Z, Hoseini SM, Mousavi E, Babaei A, Khalili M, Hashemi MM, Javid N. Fabrication of nano-decorated ZnO-fibrillar chitosan exhibiting a superior performance as a promising replacement for conventional ZnO. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 274:118639. [PMID: 34702461 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this research, bioactive nano-hybrids based on the nano-fibrillar chitosan-ZnO (NF-CS-ZnO) were synthesized to diminish the toxicity of ZnO-NPs. The successful formation of nano-hybrids was confirmed by FT-IR, UV-Vis, and FE-SEM analyses, showing a uniform spherical ZnO-NPs with an average diameter of 20-30 nm, homogeneously dispersed on NF-CS. The obtained results demonstrated a remarkable antibacterial activity of NF-CS-ZnO-0.6 nano-hybrid against E. coli and S. aureus and, interestingly, no cytotoxic on normal cells (even at a high concentration of 100 μg/mL). Furthermore, NF-CS hybridization efficiently decreased the up-regulation in Cas3, Cas9, and Il6 of inspected fishes compared to the ZnO-NPs. Histopathological examination revealed hepatocyte necrosis in the fish exposed to ZnO-NPs and hyperemia exposed to NF-CS-ZnO-0.6 nano-hybrid. Finally, NF-CS efficiently improved the bio-safety and bactericidal activity of ZnO-NPs; therefore, NF-CS-ZnO nano-hybrid is prominently recommended as a talented low-toxicity antibacterial agent replacement of conventional ZnO-NPs for use in different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Zabihi
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Arab-Bafrani
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Morteza Hoseini
- Inland Waters Aquatics Resources Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Elham Mousavi
- Medical Mycology and Bacteriology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amir Babaei
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Khalili
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Naeme Javid
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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Metryka O, Wasilkowski D, Mrozik A. Insight into the Antibacterial Activity of Selected Metal Nanoparticles and Alterations within the Antioxidant Defence System in Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11811. [PMID: 34769242 PMCID: PMC8583997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles (NPs) is a desirable feature of various products but can become problematic when NPs are released into different ecosystems, potentially endangering living microorganisms. Although there is an abundance of advanced studies on the toxicity and biological activity of NPs on microorganisms, the information regarding their detailed interactions with microbial cells and the induction of oxidative stress remains incomplete. Therefore, this work aimed to develop accurate oxidation stress profiles of Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains treated with commercial Ag-NPs, Cu-NPs, ZnO-NPs and TiO2-NPs. The methodology used included the following determinations: toxicological parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes and dehydrogenases, reduced glutathione, oxidatively modified proteins and lipid peroxidation. The toxicological studies revealed that E. coli was most sensitive to NPs than B. cereus and S. epidermidis. Moreover, NPs induced the generation of specific ROS in bacterial cells, causing an increase in their concentration, which further resulted in alterations in the activity of the antioxidant defence system and protein oxidation. Significant changes in dehydrogenases activity and elevated lipid peroxidation indicated a negative effect of NPs on bacterial outer layers and respiratory activity. In general, NPs were characterised by very specific nano-bio effects, depending on their physicochemical properties and the species of microorganism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliwia Metryka
- Doctoral School, University of Silesia, Bankowa 14, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Daniel Wasilkowski
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Mrozik
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
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Ali M, Ijaz M, Ikram M, Ul-Hamid A, Avais M, Anjum AA. Biogenic Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Potential Evaluation of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Against Escherichia coli. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:148. [PMID: 34542713 PMCID: PMC8452814 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03605-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of resistance against antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections along with the prevalence of medication residues presents significant public health problems globally. Antibiotic-resistant germs result in infections that are difficult or impossible to treat. Decreasing antibiotic effectiveness calls for rapid development of alternative antimicrobials. In this respect, nanoparticles (NPs) of copper oxide (CuO) manifest a latent and flexible inorganic nanostructure with noteworthy antimicrobial impact. Green synthesis of CuO NPs was performed in the current study, which was then doped with varying amounts of ginger (Zingiber officinale, ZO) and garlic (Allium sativum, AS) extracts. In low and high doses, the synthesized compound was used to measure the antimicrobial effectiveness against pathogenic Escherichia coli. The present research successfully demonstrated a renewable, eco-friendly synthesis technique with natural materials that is equally applicable to other green metal oxide NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Ali
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Solar Cell Applications Research Lab, Department of Physics, Government College University Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Anwar Ul-Hamid
- Core Research Facilities, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Avais
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad Anjum
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan
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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Enhance the Tolerance and Remediation Potential of Bacillus spp. against Heavy Metal Stress. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/1774528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles and bacteria have received a great attention worldwide due to their ability to remove heavy metals (HMs) from wastewater. The current study is aimed at finding the interaction of HMs-resistance strains (Bacillus cereus and Lysinibacillus macroides) with different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg/L) of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and how they would cope with HM stress (Pb, Cd, Cr, and Cu). The growth rate and tolerance potential of bacteria were increased at lowered concentrations (5 and 10 mg/L) of ZnO NPs against HMs while it was unaffected at higher concentrations of ZnO NPs. These findings were confirmed by minimum inhibition zone and higher zinc solubilization at lower concentrations of ZnO NPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that higher concentrations of ZnO NP increased HM accumulation in bacteria cells which had a significant impact on bacterial morphology and caused pores in bacterial membrane while in the case of lower concentrations, the cell remained unaffected. These results were further supported by the less production of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents at lower concentrations of ZnO NPs against heavy metal stress. This study suggested that synergistic treatment of Bacillus spp. with lower concentrations of ZnO NPs enhances the tolerance potential and significantly reduces the HM toxicity.
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Comparison Study of Cytotoxicity of Bare and Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179529. [PMID: 34502438 PMCID: PMC8431566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a study of the cytotoxicity of bare and functionalized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is presented. The functionalized ZnO NPs were obtained by various types of biological methods including microbiological (intra- and extracellular with Lactobacillus paracasei strain), phytochemical (Medicago sativa plant extract) and biochemical (ovalbumin from egg white protein) synthesis. As a control, the bare ZnO NPs gained by chemical synthesis (commercially available) were tested. The cytotoxicity was measured through the use of (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) dye as well as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays against murine fibroblast L929 and Caco-2 cell lines. As a complementary method, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to assess the morphology of the tested cells after treatment with ZnO NPs. The microscopic data confirmed the occurrence of apoptotic blebbing and loss of membrane permeability after the administration of all ZnO NPs. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration during the cell lines’ exposure to ZnO NPs was measured fluorometrically. Additionally, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in the different light conditions, as well as the antioxidant activity of bare and functionalized ZnO NPs, is also reported. The addition of all types of tested ZnO NPs to methylene blue resulted in enhanced rates of photo-degradation in the presence of both types of irradiation, but the application of UV light resulted in higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO NPs. Furthermore, bare (chemically synthetized) NPs have been recognized as the strongest photocatalysts. In the context of the obtained results, a mechanism underlying the toxicity of bio-ZnO NPs, including (a) the generation of reactive oxygen species and (b) the induction of apoptosis, is proposed.
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Wang M, Huang X, Zheng H, Tang Y, Zeng K, Shao L, Li L. Nanomaterials applied in wound healing: Mechanisms, limitations and perspectives. J Control Release 2021; 337:236-247. [PMID: 34273419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Internal and external factors cause various types of wounds on the skin. Infections, nonhealing chronic wounds, and aesthetic and functional recovery all cause challenges for clinicians. The development of nanotechnology in biomedicine has brought many new materials, methods and therapeutic targets for the treatment of wounds, which are believed to have great prospects. In this work, the nanomaterials applied in different stages to promote wound healing and systematically expounded their mechanisms were reviewed. Then, the difficulties and defects of the present research and suggested methods for improvement were pointed out. Moreover, based on the current application status of nanomaterials in wound treatment, some new ideas for subsequent studies were proposed and the feasibility of intelligent healing by real-time monitoring, precision regulation, and signal transmission between electronic signals and human nerve signals in the future were discussed. This review will provide valuable directions and spark new thoughts for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanxin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingmei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Mba IE, Nweze EI. Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:108. [PMID: 34046779 PMCID: PMC8159659 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to antimicrobial agents has been alarming in recent years and poses a huge public health threat globally according to the WHO. The increase in morbidity and mortality resulting from microbial infections has been attributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes. Associated with the increase in multidrug resistance is the lack of new and effective antimicrobials. This has led to global initiatives to identify novel and more effective antimicrobial agents in addition to discovering novel and effective drug delivery and targeting methods. The use of nanoparticles as novel biomaterials to fully achieve this feat is currently gaining global attention. Nanoparticles could become an indispensable viable therapeutic option for treating drug-resistant infections. Of all the nanoparticles, the metals and metal oxide nanoparticles appear to offer the most promise and have attracted tremendous interest from many researchers. Moreover, the use of nanomaterials in photothermal therapy has received considerable attention over the years. This review provides current insight on antimicrobial resistance as well as the mechanisms of nanoparticle antibacterial activity. It offers an in-depth review of all the recent findings in the use of nanomaterials as agents against multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Also, nanomaterials that can respond to light stimuli (photothermal therapy) to kill microbes and facilitate enhanced drug delivery and release are discussed. Moreover, the synergistic interactions of nanoparticles with antibiotics and other nanomaterials, microbial adaptation strategies to nanoparticles, current challenges, and future prospects were extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeanyi E Mba
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Emeka I Nweze
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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40
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Mba IE, Nweze EI. Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021. [PMID: 34046779 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03070-x/tables/5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to antimicrobial agents has been alarming in recent years and poses a huge public health threat globally according to the WHO. The increase in morbidity and mortality resulting from microbial infections has been attributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes. Associated with the increase in multidrug resistance is the lack of new and effective antimicrobials. This has led to global initiatives to identify novel and more effective antimicrobial agents in addition to discovering novel and effective drug delivery and targeting methods. The use of nanoparticles as novel biomaterials to fully achieve this feat is currently gaining global attention. Nanoparticles could become an indispensable viable therapeutic option for treating drug-resistant infections. Of all the nanoparticles, the metals and metal oxide nanoparticles appear to offer the most promise and have attracted tremendous interest from many researchers. Moreover, the use of nanomaterials in photothermal therapy has received considerable attention over the years. This review provides current insight on antimicrobial resistance as well as the mechanisms of nanoparticle antibacterial activity. It offers an in-depth review of all the recent findings in the use of nanomaterials as agents against multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Also, nanomaterials that can respond to light stimuli (photothermal therapy) to kill microbes and facilitate enhanced drug delivery and release are discussed. Moreover, the synergistic interactions of nanoparticles with antibiotics and other nanomaterials, microbial adaptation strategies to nanoparticles, current challenges, and future prospects were extensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeanyi E Mba
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Emeka I Nweze
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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41
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Khorsandi K, Keyvani-Ghamsari S, Khatibi Shahidi F, Hosseinzadeh R, Kanwal S. A mechanistic perspective on targeting bacterial drug resistance with nanoparticles. J Drug Target 2021; 29:941-959. [PMID: 33703979 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1895818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are an important cause of mortality worldwide owing to the prevalence of drug resistant bacteria. Bacteria develop resistance against antimicrobial drugs by several mechanisms such as enzyme inactivation, reduced cell permeability, modifying target site or enzyme, enhanced efflux because of high expression of efflux pumps, biofilm formation or drug-resistance gene expression. New and alternative ways such as nanoparticle (NP) applications are being established to overcome the growing multidrug-resistance in bacteria. NPs have unique antimicrobial characteristics that make them appropriate for medical application to overcome antibiotic resistance. The proposed antibacterial mechanisms of NPs are cell membrane damage, changing cell wall penetration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, effect on DNA and proteins, and impact on biofilm formation. The present review mainly focuses on discussing various mechanisms of bacterial drug resistance and the applications of NPs as alternative antibacterial systems. Combination therapy of NPs and antibiotics as a novel approach in medicine towards antimicrobial resistance is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fedora Khatibi Shahidi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Laser, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simab Kanwal
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Martins PMM, Wood TK, de Souza AA. Persister Cells Form in the Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri under Different Stress Conditions. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020384. [PMID: 33672822 PMCID: PMC7918609 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus canker disease, caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri is a constant threat to citrus-producing areas. Since it has no cure, agricultural practices to restrain its dissemination are essential to reduce the economic damage. Hence, increased knowledge of the basic aspects of X. citri biology could lead to more efficient management practices that can eliminate dormant bacteria in the field. The dormant cells, also referred to as persisters, are phenotypic variants with lowered metabolism, which in turn leads to tolerance to antimicrobials and undermines existing control approaches. We show here that X. citri forms persisters, identifying triggers for this phenotype, including antibiotics, high temperature, and metals (copper and zinc), which increase persistence rates by 10–100 times. The antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reduced copper and zinc-induced persisters, but not those induced by tetracycline, indicating that oxidative stress may be an important inducer of X. citri persistence. In addition, we found that metabolism-independent drugs like cisplatin and mitomycin C are able to eliminate X. citri persistent cells, as well as copper, at high concentrations. Specific amino acids like proline and isoleucine interfered with the physiological balance of the dormancy in X. citri, stimulating or preventing persister resuscitation. Taken together, we discover chemicals that can induce, wake, and kill X. citri persister cells; these results provide insights that should be considered for more efficient integrated control management in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula M. M. Martins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Rodovia Anhanguera Km 158, Cordeirópolis-SP 13490-000, Brazil
| | - Thomas K. Wood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
- Correspondence: (T.K.W.); (A.A.d.S.)
| | - Alessandra A. de Souza
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Rodovia Anhanguera Km 158, Cordeirópolis-SP 13490-000, Brazil
- Correspondence: (T.K.W.); (A.A.d.S.)
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Nagarajan K, Perumal SK, Marimuthu SK, Palanisamy S, Subbiah L. Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance Through Nanoantibiotics. HANDBOOK OF RESEARCH ON NANO-STRATEGIES FOR COMBATTING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND CANCER 2021:56-86. [DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-5049-6.ch003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the irrational use of antibiotics has escalated the evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. The infectious diseases caused by these MDR bacterial strains remain a major threat to human health and have emerged as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The WHO and CDC have expressed serious concern regarding the continued increase in the development of multidrug resistance among bacteria. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a severe global threat of growing concern to human health and economic burden. Bacteria have developed the ability to resist antimicrobials by altering target site/enzyme, inactivation of the enzyme, decreasing cell permeability, increasing efflux due to over-expression of efflux pumps, target protection, target overproduction, and many other ways. The shortage of new antimicrobials and rapid rise in antibiotic resistance demands pressing need to develop alternate antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnanand Nagarajan
- University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, India
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Martínez G, Merinero M, Pérez-Aranda M, Pérez-Soriano EM, Ortiz T, Begines B, Alcudia A. Environmental Impact of Nanoparticles' Application as an Emerging Technology: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 14:E166. [PMID: 33396469 PMCID: PMC7795427 DOI: 10.3390/ma14010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The unique properties that nanoparticles exhibit, due to their small size, are the principal reason for their numerous applications, but at the same time, this might be a massive menace to the environment. The number of studies that assess the possible ecotoxicity of nanomaterials has been increasing over the last decade to determine if, despite the positive aspects, they should be considered a potential health risk. To evaluate their potential toxicity, models are used in all types of organisms, from unicellular bacteria to complex animal species. In order to better understand the environmental consequences of nanotechnology, this literature review aims to describe and classify nanoparticles, evaluating their life cycle, their environmental releasing capacity and the type of impact, particularly on living beings, highlighting the need to develop more severe and detailed legislation. Due to their diversity, nanoparticles will be discussed in generic terms focusing on the impact of a great variety of them, highlighting the most interesting ones for the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Martínez
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (G.M.); (M.M.); (P.-A.M.)
| | - Manuel Merinero
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (G.M.); (M.M.); (P.-A.M.)
| | - María Pérez-Aranda
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (G.M.); (M.M.); (P.-A.M.)
| | - Eva María Pérez-Soriano
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Transport, Escuela Politécnica Superior, University of Seville, 41011 Seville, Spain;
| | - Tamara Ortiz
- Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain;
| | - Belén Begines
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (G.M.); (M.M.); (P.-A.M.)
| | - Ana Alcudia
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González, 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (G.M.); (M.M.); (P.-A.M.)
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Li Y, Liao C, Tjong SC. Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Antimicrobial Activities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8836. [PMID: 33266476 PMCID: PMC7700383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the recent developments in the synthesis, antibacterial activity, and visible-light photocatalytic bacterial inactivation of nano-zinc oxide. Polycrystalline wurtzite ZnO nanostructures with a hexagonal lattice having different shapes can be synthesized by means of vapor-, liquid-, and solid-phase processing techniques. Among these, ZnO hierarchical nanostructures prepared from the liquid phase route are commonly used for antimicrobial activity. In particular, plant extract-mediated biosynthesis is a single step process for preparing nano-ZnO without using surfactants and toxic chemicals. The phytochemical molecules of natural plant extracts are attractive agents for reducing and stabilizing zinc ions of zinc salt precursors to form green ZnO nanostructures. The peel extracts of certain citrus fruits like grapefruits, lemons and oranges, acting as excellent chelating agents for zinc ions. Furthermore, phytochemicals of the plant extracts capped on ZnO nanomaterials are very effective for killing various bacterial strains, leading to low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Bioactive phytocompounds from green ZnO also inhibit hemolysis of Staphylococcus aureus infected red blood cells and inflammatory activity of mammalian immune system. In general, three mechanisms have been adopted to explain bactericidal activity of ZnO nanomaterials, including direct contact killing, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and released zinc ion inactivation. These toxic effects lead to the destruction of bacterial membrane, denaturation of enzyme, inhibition of cellular respiration and deoxyribonucleic acid replication, causing leakage of the cytoplasmic content and eventual cell death. Meanwhile, antimicrobial activity of doped and modified ZnO nanomaterials under visible light can be attributed to photogeneration of ROS on their surfaces. Thus particular attention is paid to the design and synthesis of visible light-activated ZnO photocatalysts with antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
| | - Chengzhu Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Sie Chin Tjong
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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