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Hashemi M, Esbati N, Rashidi M, Gholami S, Raesi R, Bidoki SS, Goharrizi MASB, Motlagh YSM, Khorrami R, Tavakolpournegari A, Nabavi N, Zou R, Mohammadnahal L, Entezari M, Taheriazam A, Hushmandi K. Biological landscape and nanostructural view in development and reversal of oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101846. [PMID: 38042134 PMCID: PMC10716031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of cancer patients has been mainly followed using chemotherapy and it is a gold standard in improving prognosis and survival rate of patients. Oxaliplatin (OXA) is a third-platinum anti-cancer agent that reduces DNA synthesis in cancer cells to interfere with their growth and cell cycle progression. In spite of promising results of using OXA in cancer chemotherapy, the process of drug resistance has made some challenges. OXA is commonly applied in treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) as a malignancy of gastrointestinal tract and when CRC cells increase their proliferation and metastasis, they can obtain resistance to OXA chemotherapy. A number of molecular factors such as CHK2, SIRT1, c-Myc, LATS2 and FOXC1 have been considered as regulators of OXA response in CRC cells. The non-coding RNAs are able to function as master regulator of other molecular pathways in modulating OXA resistance. There is a close association between molecular mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, glycolysis and EMT with OXA resistance, so that apoptosis inhibition, pro-survival autophagy induction and stimulation of EMT and glycolysis can induce OXA resistance in CRC cells. A number of anti-tumor compounds including astragaloside IV, resveratrol and nobiletin are able to enhance OXA sensitivity in CRC cells. Nanoparticles for increasing potential of OXA in CRC suppression and reversing OXA resistance have been employed in cancer chemotherapy. These subjects are covered in this review article to shed light on molecular factors resulting in OXA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Esbati
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sadaf Gholami
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Shahabadin Bidoki
- Faculty of medicine, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rongjun Zou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Leila Mohammadnahal
- Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Yu D, Lu Z, Wang R, Xiang Y, Li H, Lu J, Zhang L, Chen H, Li W, Luan X, Chen L. FXR agonists for colorectal and liver cancers, as a stand-alone or in combination therapy. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115570. [PMID: 37119860 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR, NR1H4) is generally considered as a tumor suppressor of colorectal and liver cancers. The interaction between FXR, bile acids (BAs) and gut microbiota is closely associated with an increased risk of colorectal and liver cancers. Increasing evidence shows that FXR agonists may be potential therapeutic agents for colorectal and liver cancers. However, FXR agonists alone do not produce the desired results due to the complicated pathogenesis and single therapeutic mechanism, which suggests that effective treatments will require a multimodal approach. Based on the principle of improvingefficacy andreducingside effects, combination therapy is currently receiving considerable attention. In this review, colorectal and liver cancers are grouped together to discuss the effects of FXR agonists alone or in combination for combating the two cancers. We hope that this review will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of novel FXR agonists or combination with FXR agonists against colorectal and liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danmei Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ruyu Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yusen Xiang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiani Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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3
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Zhao H, Tang S, Tao Q, Ming T, Lei J, Liang Y, Peng Y, Wang M, Liu M, Yang H, Ren S, Xu H. Ursolic Acid Suppresses Colorectal Cancer by Down-Regulation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3981-3993. [PMID: 36826439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence points to an abnormally active Wnt/β-catenin signaling as a key player in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis. Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid that has been found in a broad variety of fruits, spices, and medicinal plants. UA has been shown to have potent bioactivity against a variety of cancers, including CRC, with the action mechanism obscure. Our study tried to learn more about the efficacy of UA on CRC and its functional mechanism amid the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. We determined the efficacy of UA on CRC SW620 cells with respect to the proliferation, migration, clonality, apoptosis, cell cycle, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade, with assessment of the effect of UA on normal colonic NCM460 cells. Also, the effects of UA on the tumor development, apoptosis, cell cycle, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis were evaluated after a subcutaneous SW620 xenograft tumor model was established in mice. In this work, we showed that UA drastically suppressed proliferation, migration, and clonality; induced apoptosis; and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase of SW620 cells, without the influence on NCM460 cells, accompanied by weakened activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Besides, UA markedly deterred the growth of the xenograft tumor, ameliorated pathological features, triggered apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle in xenograft CRC tissue, by lessening the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. Overall, UA may inhibit the malignant phenotype, induce apoptosis, and arrest the cell cycle of CRC, potentially by attenuating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis, providing insights into the mechanism for the potency of UA on CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qiu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jiarong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuanjing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuhui Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Chan S, Wang X, Wang Z, Du Y, Zuo X, Chen J, Sun R, Zhang Q, Lin L, Yang Y, Yu Z, Zhao H, Zhang H, Chen W. CTSG Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progression through Negative Regulation of Akt/mTOR/Bcl2 Signaling Pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2220-2233. [PMID: 37151875 PMCID: PMC10158020 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.82000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal tumor worldwide, which is a severe malignant disease that threatens mankind. Cathepsin G (CTSG) has been reported to be associated with tumorigenesis, whereas its role in CRC is still unclear. This investigation aims to determine the function of CTSG in CRC. Our results indicated that CTSG was inhibited in CRC tissues, and patients with CTSG low expression have poor overall survival. Functional experiments revealed that CTSG overexpression suppressed CRC cell progression in vitro and in vivo, whereas CTSG suppression supports CRC development cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, CTSG overexpression suppressed Akt/mTOR signaling mechanism and elevated apoptotic-associated markers, and CTSG silencing activated Akt/mTOR signaling mechanisms and inhibited apoptotic-associated markers. Furthermore, the Akt suppression signaling pathway by MK2206 abolishes CTSG-silenced expression-induced cell viability and Bcl2 up-regulation in vitro and in vivo. Altogether, these outcomes demonstrate that CTSG may act as a tumor suppressor gene via Akt/mTOR/Bcl2-mediated anti-apoptotic signaling inactivation, and CTSG represents a potential therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixin Chan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhenglin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Youwen Du
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaomin Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajie Chen
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huabing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metabolic Disease Research Center, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Affiliated Chuzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, First People's Hospital of Chuzhou, Chuzhou 239000, Anhui, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: W. Chen (Address: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China, E-mail: and ) and H. Zhang (Address: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China, E-mail: and )
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230022, Anhui, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: W. Chen (Address: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China, E-mail: and ) and H. Zhang (Address: Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China, E-mail: and )
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Liao W, Zhang L, Chen X, Xiang J, Zheng Q, Chen N, Zhao M, Zhang G, Xiao X, Zhou G, Zeng J, Tang J. Targeting cancer stem cells and signalling pathways through phytochemicals: A promising approach against colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154524. [PMID: 36375238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are strongly associated with high tumourigenicity, chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance, and metastasis and recurrence, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, targeting CSCs may be a promising approach. Recently, discovery and research on phytochemicals that effectively target colorectal CSCs have been gaining popularity because of their broad safety profile and multi-target and multi-pathway modes of action. PURPOSE This review aimed to elucidate and summarise the effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals with potential anti-CSC agents that could contribute to the better management of CRC. METHODS We reviewed PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from the original publication date to March 2022 to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit CRC progression by targeting CSCs and their key signalling pathways. Phytochemicals were classified and summarised based on the mechanisms of action. RESULTS We observed that phytochemicals could affect the biological properties of colorectal CSCs. Phytochemicals significantly inhibit self-renewal, migration, invasion, colony formation, and chemoresistance and induce apoptosis and differentiation of CSCs by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (e.g., diallyl trisulfide and genistein), the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (e.g., caffeic acid and piperlongumine), the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein pathway (e.g., honokiol, quercetin, and α-mangostin), the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (e.g., curcumin, morin, and ursolic acid), and other key signalling pathways. It is worth noting that several phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, silibinin, evodiamine, and thymoquinone, highlight multi-target and multi-pathway effects in restraining the malignant biological behaviour of CSCs. CONCLUSIONS This review demonstrates the potential of targeted therapies for colorectal CSCs using phytochemicals. Phytochemicals could serve as novel therapeutic agents for CRC and aid in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Juyi Xiang
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Hao D, Liu J, Guo Z, Chen J, Li T, Li X, Mei K, Wang L, Wang X, Wu Q. Supercritical fluid extract of Angelica sinensis promotes the anti-colorectal cancer effect of oxaliplatin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1007623. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1007623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy regimens are recommended for patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). However, oxaliplatin (OXA) can cause toxic side effects at the recommended dosage. Therefore, it is necessary to find new drug candidates that can synergize with OXA and thereby lower the OXA dose while still maintaining its efficacy. Angelica sinensis is a common drug in traditional Chinese medicine and has demonstrated a significant anti-CRC effect in modern pharmacological studies. The active ingredients in Angelica sinensis can be effectively extracted by a supercritical fluid extract. In this study, the supercritical fluid extract of Angelica sinensis (A-SFE) was obtained by a stable extraction process and was chemically characterized by GC/MS. The anti-cancer effect of A-SFE when applied individually was explored in vitro through MTT, scratch, and Transwell assay. The effect of A-SFE on CRC cells under the influence of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was explored by a co-culture model. The results showed that A-SFE could inhibit the viability, metastasis, and invasion of HCT116 cells, especially under the influence of TAMs. When 20–100 μg/ml of A-SFE and 8–64 μg/ml of OXA were used in combination in HCT116 cells, synergistic or additive effects were shown in different concentration combinations. The CT26 syngeneic mouse model was used to explore the anti-CRC effect of OXA combined with A-SFE in vivo. The tumor volume, expression levels of Ki67, MMP9, and CD206 in the OXA + A-SFE group were less than those in the OXA group. In conclusion, A-SFE has the potential to become an adjuvant drug for OXA in the treatment of CRC, which provides new strategies for anti-colorectal cancer research.
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Okem A, Henstra C, Lambert M, Hayeshi R. A review of the pharmacodynamic effect of chemo-herbal drug combinations therapy for cancer treatment. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2022.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Piet M, Paduch R. Ursolic and oleanolic acids in combination therapy inhibit migration of colon cancer cells through down-regulation of the uPA/uPAR-dependent MMPs pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110202. [PMID: 36191607 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one the most lethal cancers worldwide. Since chemotherapy is burdened with harmful effects, agents capable of enhancing the chemotherapeutic effect are being sought. Ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) were analyzed for such properties. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ability of UA and OA administered individually and in combination with each other and/or a cytostatic drug camptothecin-11 (CPT-11) to limit the viability and migration of colorectal cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxic effect of UA, OA and CPT-11 and impact on normal and cancer cell migration rate were assessed. Furthermore, the effect on factors crucial in cancer metastasis: MMP-2 and -9, uPA/uPAR, and E-cadherin were assessed with ELISA, Western Blotting and immunofluorescence assays. Statistical analysis was performed with One-Way Anova with Dunnett's test. RESULTS The studied compounds exhibited the most favorable properties, i.e. they reduced the viability and migration of cancer cells. Furthermore, the secretion, activity, and cellular level of cancer MMP-2 and -9 were decreased, as a result of uPA/uPAR down-regulation. The agents also increased the level of cellular E-cadherin. The effect of the studied agents on normal cells was milder. CONCLUSIONS The compounds exhibited stronger activity when administered in combination and, combined with CPT-11, enhanced anti-tumorigenic activity of the drug. The migration-limiting activity was based on down-regulation of the uPA/uPAR-dependent MMP pathway. Moreover, UA and OA exhibited a protective effect towards normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Piet
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland; Department of General Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, ul Chmielna 1, 20-079, Lublin, Poland.
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9
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Wang M, Liu X, Chen T, Cheng X, Xiao H, Meng X, Jiang Y. Inhibition and potential treatment of colorectal cancer by natural compounds via various signaling pathways. Front Oncol 2022; 12:956793. [PMID: 36158694 PMCID: PMC9496650 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.956793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common type of malignant digestive tract tumor with a high incidence rate worldwide. Currently, the clinical treatment of CRC predominantly include surgical resection, postoperative chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, these treatments contain severe limitations such as drug side effects, the risk of recurrence and drug resistance. Some natural compounds found in plants, fungi, marine animals, and bacteria have been shown to inhibit the occurrence and development of CRC. Although the explicit molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of these compounds on CRC are not clear, classical signaling transduction pathways such as NF-kB and Wnt/β-catenin are extensively regulated. In this review, we have summarized the specific mechanisms regulating the inhibition and development of CRC by various types of natural compounds through nine signaling pathways, and explored the potential therapeutic values of these natural compounds in the clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianjun Liu
- College of Food Engineering, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianbin Cheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huijie Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xianglong Meng
- Department of Burns Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Jiang,
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Chen L, Liu M, Yang H, Ren S, Sun Q, Zhao H, Ming T, Tang S, Tao Q, Zeng S, Meng X, Xu H. Ursolic acid inhibits the activation of smoothened-independent non-canonical hedgehog pathway in colorectal cancer by suppressing AKT signaling cascade. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3555-3570. [PMID: 35708264 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It is being brought to light that smoothened (SMO)-independent non-canonical Hedgehog signaling is associated with the pathogenesis of various cancers. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid present in many medicinal herbs, manifests potent effectiveness against multiple malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). In our previous study, UA was found to protect against CRC in vitro by suppression of canonical Hedgehog signaling cascade. Here, the influence of UA on SMO-independent non-canonical Hedgehog signaling in CRC was investigated in the present study, which demonstrated that UA hampered the proliferation and migration, induced the apoptosis of HCT-116hSMO- cells with SMO gene knockdown, accompanied by the augmented expression of the suppressor of fused (SUFU), and lessened levels of MYC (c-Myc), glioma-associated oncogene (GLI1) and Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), and lowered phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB, AKT), suggesting that UA diminished non-canonical Hedgehog signal transduction in CRC. In HCT-116hSMO- xenograft tumor, UA ameliorated the symptoms, impeded the growth and caused the apoptosis of CRC, with heightened SUFU expression, and abated levels of MYC, GLI1, and SHH, and mitigated phosphorylation of AKT, indicating that UA down-regulated non-canonical Hedgehog signaling cascade in CRC. Taken together, UA may alleviate CRC by suppressing AKT signaling-dependent activation of SMO-independent non-canonical Hedgehog pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Maolun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianqi Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiu Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Sha Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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11
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Li H, Yu Y, Liu Y, Luo Z, Law BYK, Zheng Y, Huang X, Li W. Ursolic acid enhances the antitumor effects of sorafenib associated with Mcl-1-related apoptosis and SLC7A11-dependent ferroptosis in human cancer. Pharmacol Res 2022; 182:106306. [PMID: 35714823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
As a broad-spectrum oral small molecule inhibitor targeting multikinase, sorafenib is currently approved for the clinical treatment of several types of cancer as a single agent. A considerable number of clinical trial results have indicated that combination therapies involving sorafenib have been shown to improve treatment efficacy and may lead to novel therapeutic applications. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpene compound extracted from a great variety of traditional medicinal plants and most fruits and vegetables, exhibits a wide range of therapeutic potential, including against cancer, diabetes, brain disease, liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, and sarcopenia. In the present study, we investigated the antitumor effects of sorafenib in combination with ursolic acid and found that the two agents displayed significant synergistic antitumor activity in in vitro and in vivo tumor xenograft models. Sorafenib/UA induced selective apoptotic death and ferroptosis in various cancer cells by evoking a dramatic accumulation of intracellular lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mechanistically, the combination treatment promoted Mcl-1 degradation, which regulates apoptosis. However, decreasing the protein level of SLC7A11 plays a critical role in sorafenib/UA-induced cell ferroptosis. Therefore, these results suggest that the synergistic antitumor effects of sorafenib combined with ursolic acid may involve the induction of Mcl-1-related apoptosis and SLC7A11-dependent ferroptosis. Our findings may offer a novel effective therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - You Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhihong Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Central Laboratory, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Gao Q, Feng J, Liu W, Wen C, Wu Y, Liao Q, Zou L, Sui X, Xie T, Zhang J, Hu Y. Opportunities and challenges for co-delivery nanomedicines based on combination of phytochemicals with chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114445. [PMID: 35820601 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic limitations such as insufficient efficacy, drug resistance, metastasis, and undesirable side effects are frequently caused by the long duration monotherapy based on chemotherapeutic drugs. multiple combinational anticancer strategies such as nucleic acids combined with chemotherapeutic agents, chemotherapeutic combinations, chemotherapy and tumor immunotherapy combinations have been embraced, holding great promise to counter these limitations, while still taking including some potential risks. Nowadays, an increasing number of research has manifested the anticancer effects of phytochemicals mediated by modulating cancer cellular events directly as well as the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, these natural compounds exhibited suppression of cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cancer cells, P-glycoprotein inhibition, decreasing vascularization and activation of tumor immunosuppression. Due to the low toxicity and multiple modulation pathways of these phytochemicals, the combination of chemotherapeutic agents with natural compounds acts as a novel approach to cancer therapy to increase the efficiency of cancer treatments as well as reduce the adverse consequences. In order to achieve the maximized combination advantages of small-molecule chemotherapeutic drugs and natural compounds, a variety of functional nano-scaled drug delivery systems, such as liposomes, host-guest supramolecules, supramolecules, dendrimers, micelles and inorganic systems have been developed for dual/multiple drug co-delivery. These co-delivery nanomedicines can improve pharmacokinetic behavior, tumor accumulation capacity, and achieve tumor site-targeting delivery. In that way, the improved antitumor effects through multiple-target therapy and reduced side effects by decreasing dose can be implemented. Here, we present the synergistic anticancer outcomes and the related mechanisms of the combination of phytochemicals with small-molecule anticancer drugs. We also focus on illustrating the design concept, and action mechanisms of nanosystems with co-delivery of drugs to synergistically improve anticancer efficacy. In addition, the challenges and prospects of how these insights can be translated into clinical benefits are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gao
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Wencheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Chengyong Wen
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Cheng Luo Road, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinbing Sui
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Tian Xie
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Medical Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China.
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, No. 2025, Cheng Luo Road, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Yarmohammadi A, Narimani F, Wallace CE, Bishayee A. Modulation of TLR/NF-κB/NLRP Signaling by Bioactive Phytocompounds: A Promising Strategy to Augment Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:834072. [PMID: 35299751 PMCID: PMC8921560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.834072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumors often progress to a more aggressive phenotype to resist drugs. Multiple dysregulated pathways are behind this tumor behavior which is known as cancer chemoresistance. Thus, there is an emerging need to discover pivotal signaling pathways involved in the resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and cancer immunotherapy. Reports indicate the critical role of the toll-like receptor (TLR)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) pathway in cancer initiation, progression, and development. Therefore, targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling is a promising strategy to augment cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy and to combat chemoresistance. Considering the potential of phytochemicals in the regulation of multiple dysregulated pathways during cancer initiation, promotion, and progression, such compounds could be suitable candidates against cancer chemoresistance. Objectives This is the first comprehensive and systematic review regarding the role of phytochemicals in the mitigation of chemoresistance by regulating the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Methods A comprehensive and systematic review was designed based on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to include papers on TLR/NF-κB/NLRP and chemotherapy/immunotherapy/chemoresistance by phytochemicals. Results Phytochemicals are promising multi-targeting candidates against the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway and interconnected mediators. Employing phenolic compounds, alkaloids, terpenoids, and sulfur compounds could be a promising strategy for managing cancer chemoresistance through the modulation of the TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling pathway. Novel delivery systems of phytochemicals in cancer chemotherapy/immunotherapy are also highlighted. Conclusion Targeting TLR/NF-κB/NLRP signaling with bioactive phytocompounds reverses chemoresistance and improves the outcome for chemotherapy and immunotherapy in both preclinical and clinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Narimani
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Carly E. Wallace
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, United States
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14
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Cao X, He Q. Ursolic acid inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells via CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis through cancer-associated fibroblasts. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221111333. [PMID: 35786050 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
As a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, Ursolic acid (UA) broads range of biological effects. CXCL12 is a ligand for CXCR4 and CXCR7 proteins on thyroid cancer cells. Here we examined the effects of UA on the proliferation, migration and invasion of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTCs) in a dose-manner. In addition, UA can reduce the expression levels of CXCR4 and CXCR7 in PTCs. In addition to this direct anticancer pathway, studies have shown that UA can play an anticancer role by affecting the secretion of CXCL12 in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). After treated with UA, normal fibroblasts and CAFs culture medium (CM) showed differential CXCL12 expression levels. We prepared fibroblast conditioned medium according to the intervention of UA, then cultured TPC-1 and B-CPAP cells with differential CM, and detected significant differences in the proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer cells. Our findings uncovered an indirect anticancer mechanism of UA. This cancer chemopreventive properties is expected to make UA a clinically useful chemopreventive agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiao Cao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Qingqing He
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
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15
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Wang S, Chang X, Zhang J, Li J, Wang N, Yang B, Pan B, Zheng Y, Wang X, Ou H, Wang Z. Ursolic Acid Inhibits Breast Cancer Metastasis by Suppressing Glycolytic Metabolism via Activating SP1/Caveolin-1 Signaling. Front Oncol 2021; 11:745584. [PMID: 34568078 PMCID: PMC8457520 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.745584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most common malignancy and the leading causality of cancer-associated mortality among women worldwide. With proven efficacy, Oldenlandia diffusa has been extensively applied in breast cancer treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. However, the bioactive compounds of Oldenlandia diffusa accounting for its anti-breast cancer activity and the underlying biological mechanisms remain to be uncovered. Herein, bioactivity-guided fractionation suggested ursolic acid as the strongest anti-breast cancer compound in Oldenlandia diffusa. Ursolic acid treatment dramatically suppressed the proliferation and promoted mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells while brought little cytotoxicities in nonmalignant mammary epithelial cells in vitro. Meanwhile, ursolic acid dramatically impaired both the glycolytic metabolism and mitochondrial respiration function of breast cancer cells. Further investigations demonstrated that ursolic acid may impair the glycolytic metabolism of breast cancer cells by activating Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) signaling, as Cav-1 knockdown could partially abrogate the suppressive effect of ursolic acid on that. Mechanistically, ursolic acid could activate SP1-mediated CAV1 transcription by promoting SP1 expression as well as its binding with CAV1 promoter region. More meaningfully, ursolic acid administration could dramatically suppress the growth and metastasis of breast cancer in both the zebrafish and mouse xenotransplantation models of breast cancer in vivo without any detectable hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity or hematotoxicity. This study not only provides preclinical evidence supporting the application of ursolic acid as a promising candidate drug for breast cancer treatment but also sheds novel light on Cav-1 as a druggable target for glycolytic modulation of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqi Wang
- Section of Science and Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Mammary Disease, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chang
- Department of Mammary Disease, Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juping Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Neng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifeng Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hesheng Ou
- Section of Science and Technology, Guangxi International Zhuang Medicine Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Research Center of Integrative Cancer Medicine, Discipline of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Park WY, Lee HJ, Sim DY, Im E, Park JE, Ahn CH, Shim BS, Kim SH. miR193a-5p Mediated ZNF746 and c-Myc Signaling Axis Is Critically Involved in Morusin Induced Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082065. [PMID: 34440834 PMCID: PMC8395021 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel target therapy is on the spotlight for effective cancer therapy. Hence, in the present study, the underlying apoptotic mechanism of Morusin was explored in association with miR193a-5p mediated ZNF746/c-Myc signaling axis in colorectal cancer cells (CRCs). Herein, Morusin reduced the viability and the number of colonies in HCT116 and SW480 CRCs. Additionally, Morusin increased sub-G1 population, cleavages of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 and inhibited the expression of zinc finger protein 746 (ZNF746) and c-Myc in HCT116 and SW480 cells. Conversely, overexpression of ZNF746 suppressed the ability of Morusin to abrogate the expression of c-Myc in HCT116 cells, as ZNF746 enhanced the stability of c-Myc via their direct binding through nuclear colocalization in HCT116 cells by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation. Notably, Morusin upregulated miR193a-5p as a tumor suppressor, while miR193a-5p inhibitor masked the ability of Morusin to reduce the expression of ZNF746, c-Myc, and pro-PARP in HCT116 cells. To our knowledge, these findings provide the novel insight on miR193a-5p mediated inhibition of ZNF746/c-Myc signaling in Morusin induced apoptosis in CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bum-Sang Shim
- Correspondence: (B.-S.S.); (S.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-9233 (S.-H.K.)
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Correspondence: (B.-S.S.); (S.-H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-961-9233 (S.-H.K.)
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17
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Wang L, Yin Q, Liu C, Tang Y, Sun C, Zhuang J. Nanoformulations of Ursolic Acid: A Modern Natural Anticancer Molecule. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706121. [PMID: 34295253 PMCID: PMC8289884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpene derived from fruit, herb, and other plants. UA can act on molecular targets of various signaling pathways, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, promote cycle stagnation, and induce apoptosis, thereby exerting anticancer activity. However, its poor water-solubility, low intestinal mucosal absorption, and low bioavailability restrict its clinical application. In order to overcome these deficiencies, nanotechnology, has been applied to the pharmacological study of UA. Objective: In this review, we focused on the absorption, distribution, and elimination pharmacokinetics of UA in vivo, as well as on the research progress in various UA nanoformulations, in the hope of providing reference information for the research on the anticancer activity of UA. Methods: Relevant research articles on Pubmed and Web of Science in recent years were searched selectively by using the keywords and subheadings, and were summarized systematically. Key finding: The improvement of the antitumor ability of the UA nanoformulations is mainly due to the improvement of the bioavailability and the enhancement of the targeting ability of the UA molecules. UA nanoformulations can even be combined with computational imaging technology for monitoring or diagnosis. Conclusion: Currently, a variety of UA nanoformulations, such as micelles, liposomes, and nanoparticles, which can increase the solubility and bioactivity of UA, while promoting the accumulation of UA in tumor tissues, have been prepared. Although the research of UA in the nanofield has made great progress, there is still a long way to go before the clinical application of UA nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qianqian Yin
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cun Liu
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Changgang Sun
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China.,Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Weifang, China
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Li ZY, Chen SY, Weng MH, Yen GC. Ursolic acid restores sensitivity to gemcitabine through the RAGE/NF-κB/MDR1 axis in pancreatic cancer cells and in a mouse xenograft model. J Food Drug Anal 2021; 29:262-274. [PMID: 35696208 PMCID: PMC9261828 DOI: 10.38212/2224-6614.3346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM) is a first-line drug for pancreatic cancer therapy, but GEM resistance is easily developed in patients. Growing evidence suggests that cancer chemoprevention and suppression are highly associated with dietary phytochemical and microbiota composition. Ursolic acid (UA) has anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects; however, its role in improving cancer drug resistance in vivo remains unclear. In this study, the aim was to explore the role of UA in managing drug resistance-associated molecular mechanisms and the influence of gut microbiota. The in vitro results showed that receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF-κB/p65), and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) protein levels were significantly increased in GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cells (named MIA PaCa-2 GEMR) compared to MIA PaCa-2 cells. Downregulation of RAGE, pP65, and MDR1 protein expression not only was observed following UA treatment but also was seen in MIA PaCa-2 GEMR cells after transfection with a RAGE siRNA. Remarkably, the enhanced effects of UA coupled with GEM administration dramatically suppressed the RAGE/NF-κB/MDR1 cascade and consequently inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth. Moreover, UA could increase alpha diversity and regulate the composition of gut microbiota, especially in Ruminiclostridium 6. Taken together, these results provide the first direct evidence of MDR1 attenuation and chemosensitivity enhancement through inhibition of the RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo, implying that UA may be used as an adjuvant for the treatment of pancreatic cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ming-Hong Weng
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227,
Taiwan
| | - Gow-Chin Yen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227,
Taiwan
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Guo J, Zheng J, Mu M, Chen Z, Xu Z, Zhao C, Yang K, Qin X, Sun X, Yu J. GW4064 enhances the chemosensitivity of colorectal cancer to oxaliplatin by inducing pyroptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 548:60-66. [PMID: 33631675 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Repeated and long-term oxaliplatin therapy leads to drug resistance and severe adverse events, which limit its clinical use. These difficulties highlight the importance of identifying potent and specific drug combinations to enhance the antitumor effects of oxaliplatin. The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) deficiency in colorectal cancer (CRC) suggests that restoring FXR function might be a promising strategy for CRC treatment. A drug combination study showed that the GW4064 acted synergistically with oxaliplatin in colon cancer cells. The combination of oxaliplatin plus GW4064 inhibited cell growth and colony formation, induced apoptosis and pyroptosis in vitro, and slowed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, GW4064 enhanced the chemosensitivity of cells to oxaliplatin by inducing BAX/caspase-3/GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Furthermore, the combination of oxaliplatin and GW4064 synergistically inhibited STAT3 signaling by restoring SHP expression. Our study revealed that GW4064 could enhance the antitumor effects of oxaliplatin against CRC, which provides a novel therapeutic strategy based on a combinational approach for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianbao Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingchao Mu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zilu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengshui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chenye Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Qin
- Department of Emergency, Ankang People's Hospital, 725000, Ankang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Junhui Yu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Li W, Luo L, Shi W, Yin Y, Gao S. Ursolic acid reduces Adriamycin resistance of human ovarian cancer cells through promoting the HuR translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:267-275. [PMID: 33009882 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) has been shown to suppress various tumor progression, however, its roles in Adriamycin resistance of human ovarian cancer (OC) cells are still unclear. This work aims to investigate the effects of UA on the Adriamycin resistance of human OC cells. Here, we constructed Adriamycin-resistant OC SKOV3-Adr cells and found that UA attenuated Adriamycin resistance in SKOV3-Adr cells. Additionally, UA enhanced Adriamycin sensitivity in the parental SKOV3 and another OC cell line A2780 cells. Mechanistic studies showed that HuR mRNA level was similar between SKOV3 and SKOV3-Adr cells, but the cytoplasmic expression of HuR protein was increased in SKOV3-Adr cells compared with that in SKOV3 cells, and subsequently enhancing the mRNA stability of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1). Moreover, UA had no effects on HuR expression, but promoted the cytoplasm-nucleus translocation of HuR protein, decreased MDR1 mRNA stability and thus reduced MDR1 expression. Furthermore, overexpression of MDR1 rescued the effects of UA on Adriamycin resistance and sensitivity. This work reveals a novel HuR/MDR1 axis responsible for UA-mediated attenuation on Adriamycin resistance in OC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Gynaecology, The Forth Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lanlan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Wenyin Shi
- Department of Gynaecology, the Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, 20 Zhengdong Road, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Yujun Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dantu District People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Provincial People's Hospital of Gansu, the Affiliated Hospital of Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Chemopreventive activity of bioactive fungal fractions isolated from milk-supplemented cultures of Cerrena unicolor and Pycnoporus sanguineus on colon cancer cells. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:5. [PMID: 33442504 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02591-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biochemical properties and anti-tumorigenic activity of Cerrena unicolor (CU) and Pycnoporus sanguineus (PS) towards colon cancer cells and the effect of supplementation of the fungal culture medium with cow milk on these activities were examined. CU1-II and PS4-II exhibited anticancer properties through various mechanisms. The extracts at the 200 µg/mL concentration significantly decreased the viability of HT-29 and SW948 cells. They also exhibited pro-apoptotic properties towards the cancer cell lines (HT-29, LS 180, and SW948). Furthermore, culturing the studied fungi on milk-supplemented media may improve the pro-health properties of both milk and mushrooms. The extracts had a higher concentration of proteins, lower levels of free amino acids, and higher content of phenolic compounds than milk. They also exerted a free radical scavenging effect, which may be connected with the high activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase. The tested extracts exhibited anticancer activity: C. unicolor grown on the medium without milk and P. sanguineus grown on the medium with milk. The CU1-II and PS4-II extracts exhibited the strongest anticancer properties; however, PS4-II exerted a milder effect on normal CCD 841 CoTr cells than CU1-II. CU3-II exerted the mildest effect among all extracts on both normal and cancer cells.
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Luchnikova NA, Grishko VV, Ivshina IB. Biotransformation of Oleanane and Ursane Triterpenic Acids. Molecules 2020; 25:E5526. [PMID: 33255782 PMCID: PMC7728323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids are secondary metabolites of plants found in various climatic zones and regions. This group of compounds is highly attractive due to their diverse biological properties and possible use as intermediates in the synthesis of new pharmacologically promising substances. By now, their antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, and other activities have been confirmed. In the last decade, methods of microbial synthesis of these compounds and their further biotransformation using microorganisms are gaining much popularity. The present review provides clear evidence that industrial microbiology can be a promising way to obtain valuable pharmacologically active compounds in environmentally friendly conditions without processing huge amounts of plant biomass and using hazardous and expensive chemicals. This review summarizes data on distribution, microbial synthesis, and biological activities of native oleanane and ursane triterpenoids. Much emphasis is put on the processes of microbial transformation of selected oleanane and ursane pentacyclic triterpenoids and on the bioactivity assessment of the obtained derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A. Luchnikova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State National Research University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Victoria V. Grishko
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614013 Perm, Russia;
| | - Irina B. Ivshina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Perm State National Research University, 614990 Perm, Russia
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Wang M, Yu H, Wu R, Chen ZY, Hu Q, Zhang YF, Gao SH, Zhou GB. Autophagy inhibition enhances the inhibitory effects of ursolic acid on lung cancer cells. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1816-1826. [PMID: 32901853 PMCID: PMC7521584 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify natural compounds that bear significant anti‑tumor activity. Thus, the effects of 63 small molecules that were isolated from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs on A549 human non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and MCF‑7 breast cancer cells were examined. It was found that ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, exerted significant inhibitory effect on these cells. Further experiments revealed that UA inhibited the proliferation of various lung cancer cells, including the NSCLC cells, H460, H1975, A549, H1299 and H520, the human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells, H82 and H446, and murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. UA induced the apoptosis and autophagy of NSCLC cells. The inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, but not the activation of the extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway contributed to the UA‑induced autophagy of NSCLC cells. Moreover, the inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine (CQ) or siRNA for autophagy‑related gene 5 (ATG5) enhanced the UA‑induced inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis, indicating that UA‑induced autophagy is a pro‑survival mechanism in NSCLC cells. On the whole, these findings suggest that combination treatment with autophagy inhibitors may be a novel strategy with which enhance the antitumor activity of UA in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052
| | - Hong Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
| | - Ran Wu
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yin Chen
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P.R. China
| | - Qian Hu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029
| | - Yan-Fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - San-Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101
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Khatoon E, Banik K, Harsha C, Sailo BL, Thakur KK, Khwairakpam AD, Vikkurthi R, Devi TB, Gupta SC, Kunnumakkara AB. Phytochemicals in cancer cell chemosensitization: Current knowledge and future perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 80:306-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The ERK-MNK-eIF4F signaling pathway mediates TPDHT-induced A549 cell death in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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26
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Hasan Abdali M, Afshar S, Sedighi Pashaki A, Dastan D, Gholami MH, Mahmoudi R, Saidijam M. Investigating the effect of radiosensitizer for Ursolic Acid and Kamolonol Acetate on HCT-116 cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115152. [PMID: 31771799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was evaluating the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of Ursolic Acid (UA) and Kamolonol Acetate (KA) on HCT116 cell line and finally investigating the functional role of NF-κB and CCND1 genes in the radiosensitizing activity of UA and KA. MATERIALS AND METHOD The cytotoxic effects of UA and KA by MTT assay was evaluated on HCT-116. Clonogenic assay was performed to investigate of radiosensitizing effects of UA and KA on HCT116. To assessment the expression levels of NF-κB and CCND1 genes, real-time PCR method was used. RESULTS The results of MTT assay revealed that UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. According to clonogenic assay, survival fraction of treated cells with UA and KA has been decreased compared to the survival fraction of untreated cells. UA and KA lead to the decrease in the expression level of NF-κB. Synergistic effect of radiosensitizing agents with radiation was only approved for UA and 2 Gy of radiation. CONCLUSION Based on our study, UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. Furthermore, UA may lead to radiosensitization of human colorectal tumor cells by NF-κB1 and CCND1signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Hasan Abdali
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Dara Dastan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Roghayeh Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Kim GH, Kan SY, Kang H, Lee S, Ko HM, Kim JH, Lim JH. Ursolic Acid Suppresses Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4767. [PMID: 31561416 PMCID: PMC6802365 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally upregulated cholesterol and lipid metabolism, observed commonly in multiple cancer types, contributes to cancer development and progression through the activation of oncogenic growth signaling pathways. Although accumulating evidence has shown the preventive and therapeutic benefits of cholesterol-lowering drugs for cancer management, the development of cholesterol-lowering drugs is needed for treatment of cancer as well as metabolism-related chronic diseases. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural pentacyclic terpenoid, suppresses cancer growth and metastasis, but the precise underlying molecular mechanism for its anti-cancer effects is poorly understood. Here, using sterol regulatory element (SRE)-luciferase assay-based screening on a library of 502 natural compounds, this study found that UA activates sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2). The expression of cholesterol biosynthesis-related genes and enzymes increased in UA-treated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The UA increased cell cycle arrest and apoptotic death in HCC cells and reduced the activation of oncogenic growth signaling factors, all of which was significantly reversed by cholesterol supplementation. As cholesterol supplementation successfully reversed UA-induced attenuation of growth in HCC cells, it indicated that UA suppresses HCC cells growth through its cholesterol-lowering effect. Overall, these results suggested that UA is a promising cholesterol-lowering nutraceutical for the prevention and treatment of patients with HCC and cholesterol-related chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon-Hee Kim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Diabetes and Bio-Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
| | - Sang-Yeon Kan
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Diabetes and Bio-Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
| | - Hyeji Kang
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Diabetes and Bio-Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
| | - Sujin Lee
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Diabetes and Bio-Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
| | - Hyun Myung Ko
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Technology, Woosuk University, 66 Daehak-ro, Jincheon-eup, Chungcheongbuk-do 27841, Korea.
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Ji-Hong Lim
- Department of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Konkuk University, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
- Diabetes and Bio-Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea.
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Pięt M, Paduch R. Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids as Potential Anticancer Agents Acting in the Gastrointestinal Tract. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666180612090816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background:Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Contemporary therapies, including chemo- and radiotherapy, are burdened with severe side effects. Thus, there exists an urgent need to develop therapies that would be less devastating to the patient’s body. Such novel approaches can be based on the anti-tumorigenic activity of particular compounds or may involve sensitizing cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy or reducing the side-effects of regular treatment.Objective:Natural-derived compounds are becoming more and more popular in cancer research. Examples of such substances are Ursolic Acid (UA) and Oleanolic Acid (OA), plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids which possess numerous beneficial properties, including anti-tumorigenic activity.Results:In recent years, ursolic and oleanolic acids have been demonstrated to exert a range of anticancer effects on various types of tumors. These compounds inhibit the viability and proliferation of cancer cells, prevent their migration and metastasis and induce their apoptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that UA and OA are promising anti-cancer agents that can prevent carcinogenesis at each step. Furthermore, cancers at all stages are susceptible to the activity of these compounds. </P><P> Neoplasms that are formed in the gastrointestinal tract, i.e. gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancers, are among the most common and most lethal malignancies. Their localization in the digestive system, however, facilitates the action of orally-administered (potential) anti-cancer agents, making chemopreventive drugs more accessible.In this paper, the anti-tumorigenic effect of ursolic and oleanolic acids on gastric, colon, pancreatic, and liver cancers, as well as the mechanisms underlying this process, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Pięt
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Abu-Gharbieh E, Shehab NG, Almasri IM, Bustanji Y. Antihyperuricemic and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of Tribulus arabicus and its isolated compound, ursolic acid: In vitro and in vivo investigation and docking simulations. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202572. [PMID: 30114281 PMCID: PMC6095567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperurecemia is usually associated with gout and various metabolic arthritis disorders. Limited medications are available to manage such conditions. This study aimed to isolate the triterpenes constituent of the plant and to assess xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory and antihyperuricemic activities of Tribulus arabicus ethanolic extract, its fractions and the isolated compound using in vitro and in vivo approaches. METHODS The ethanolic extract, fractions; n-hexane, chloroform and n-butanol and the isolated compound (ursolic acid) were evaluated in vitro for their XO inhibitory activity. Those that demonstrated significant activity were further evaluated for their antihyperuricemic activity on potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia in mice. RESULTS The ethanolic extract was found to be safe up to 5000 mg/kg. The extract and its n-hexane fraction exhibited significant inhibitory activity on XO, whilst only a modest reduction in the enzymatic activity was noticed with n-butanol and chloroform fractions. Furthermore, administration of the ethanolic extract at low and high doses significantly reduced serum urate levels in mice by 31.1 and 64.6% respectively. The isolated active constituent, ursolic acid, showed potent XO inhibition activity (Half maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 = 10.3 μg/mL), and significantly reduced uric acid level in vivo by 79.9%. Virtually, the binding mode of ursolic acid with XO was determined using molecular docking simulations. CONCLUSIONS The activity of the ethanolic extract of T. arabicus and its n-hexane fraction can be attributed to the isolated compound, ursolic acid. Ursolic acid has good hypouricemic activity and therefore has high potential to be used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naglaa G. Shehab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products, Dubai Pharmacy College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ihab M. Almasri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Lakshmi JK, Pattnaik B, Kavitha R, Mallavadhani UV, Jagadeesh B. Conformation of flexibly linked triterpene dimers by using RDC-enhanced NMR spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Zhang Y, Huang L, Shi H, Chen H, Tao J, Shen R, Wang T. Ursolic acid enhances the therapeutic effects of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer by inhibition of drug resistance. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:94-102. [PMID: 29034540 PMCID: PMC5765292 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that ursolic acid has anti-tumor activity and it enhances the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, the mechanisms of the enhancement of therapeutic effects through use of ursolic acid were investigated. We treated CRC cell lines HCT8 and SW480 with ursolic acid and oxaliplatin and monitored the effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and drug resistance gene production. We discovered that treatment with a combination of ursolic acid and oxaliplatin resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation, significantly increased apoptosis and ROS production, and significant inhibition of drug resistance gene expression. Our study provided evidence that ursolic acid enhances the therapeutic effects of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer by ROS-mediated inhibition of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Longchang Huang
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Haoze Shi
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Jianxin Tao
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Renhui Shen
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Endoscopy SurgeryWuxi People's HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiChina
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Luan Y, Li Y, Zhu L, Zheng S, Mao D, Chen Z, Cao Y. Codonopis bulleynana Forest ex Diels inhibits autophagy and induces apoptosis of colon cancer cells by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:1305-1314. [PMID: 29286074 PMCID: PMC5819931 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its favorable clinical efficacy, oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy frequently results in treatment withdrawal and induces liver damage in colon cancer. Therefore, it is important to develop novel drugs, which can safely and effectively complement or replace the therapeutic effects of oxaliplatin. Codonopis bulleynana Forest ex Diels (cbFeD) has wide range of pharmacological effects, including anticancer effects. In the present study, the anticancer activity of cbFeD and its potential molecular mechanisms were investigated. In vitro, cell counting kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were used to assess the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-promoting activities of cbFeD. Transmission electron microscopy was used to monitor the autophagic vesicles. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the nuclear translocation of p65 and the fluorescence of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) B-II. The protein expression levels of p65, inhibitor of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (IκB) a, LC3B-I, LC3B-II and Beclin-1 were detected using western blot analysis. In vivo, the antitumor effect of cbFeD was assessed in colon cancer-bearing nude mice as a model. H&E staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed, with oxaliplatin set as a positive control. The results showed that cbFeD inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of a high dose of cbFeD on colon cancer cells were similar to those of oxaliplatin. In HCT116 and SW480 cells, cbFeD inhibited the expression of IκBα, LC3B-I/II and Beclin-1, and the results of western blot analysis and immunofluorescence showed that, in the cells treated with cbFeD, p65 gradually entered nuclei in a dose-dependent manner, and the expression of LC3B-II was gradually reduced. The results of the acridine orangestaining and electron microscopy demonstrated fewer autophagic vesicles in the high-dose cbFeD group and the oxaliplatin group. The high dose of cbFeD reversed the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, a p65-inhibitor, on the expression of p65, LC3B-I, LC3B-II and Beclin-1, and on the production of autophagic vacuoles. The high dose of cbFeD and oxaliplatin also suppressed tumorigenicity in vivo. The results of the H&E and IHC staining confirmed the inhibition of autophagy (LC3 and Beclin-1) and activation of p65 by treatment with the high dose of cbFeD and oxaliplatin. Taken together, cbFeD exhibited an antitumor effect in colon cancer cells by inhibiting autophagy through activation of the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, cbFeD may be a promising Chinese herbal compound for development for use in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Luan
- Department of Life Technology Teaching and Research, School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Li
- Department of Life Technology Teaching and Research, School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Life Technology Teaching and Research, School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
| | - Shuangqing Zheng
- Kunming Pharmaceutical Corp., Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
| | - Dechang Mao
- Department of Life Technology Teaching and Research, School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
| | - Zhuxue Chen
- Department of Life Technology Teaching and Research, School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Life Technology Teaching and Research, School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 652400, P.R. China
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Caunii A, Oprean C, Cristea M, Ivan A, Danciu C, Tatu C, Paunescu V, Marti D, Tzanakakis G, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Susan R, Soica C, Avram S, Dehelean C. Effects of ursolic and oleanolic on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells: In vitro and in vivo assays. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:1651-1660. [PMID: 29039461 PMCID: PMC5673023 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the triterpenoids, oleanolic acid (OA) and its isomer, ursolic acid (UA) are promising therapeutic candidates, with potential benefits in the management of melanoma. In this study, we aimed to examine the in vitro and in vivo anti‑invasive and anti‑metastatic activity of OA and UA to determine their possible usefulness as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents in melanoma. For the in vitro experiments, the anti‑proliferative activity of the triterpenic compounds on SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells was examined. The anti‑invasive potential was assessed by testing the effects of the active compound on vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) adhesion to melanoma cells. Normal and tumor angiogenesis were evaluated in vivo by chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The two test triterpenoid acids, UA and OA, exerted differential effects in vitro and in vivo on the SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cells. UA exerted a significant and dose‑dependent anti‑proliferative effect in vitro, compared to OA. The cytotoxic effects in vitro on the melanoma cells were determined by the examining alterations in the cell cycle phases induced by UA that lead to cell arrest in the S phase. Moreover, UA was found to affect SK‑MEL‑2 melanoma cell invasiveness by limiting the cell adhesion capacity to ICAM molecules, but not influencing their adhesion to VCAM molecules. On the whole, in this study, by assessing the effects of the two triterpenoids in vivo, our results revealed that OA had a greater potential to impair the invasive capacity and tumor angiogenesis compared with UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Caunii
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Camelia Oprean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
- 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 300723 Timişoara
| | - Mirabela Cristea
- 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 300723 Timişoara
| | - Alexandra Ivan
- 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 300723 Timişoara
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Corina Danciu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Calin Tatu
- 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 300723 Timişoara
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Virgil Paunescu
- 'Pius Brinzeu' Timişoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Oncogen Institute, 300723 Timişoara
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Daniela Marti
- Faculty of Medicine, Western University Vasile Goldis, Arad 310025, Romania
| | - George Tzanakakis
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Aristides Tsatsakis
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Razvan Susan
- Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Codruta Soica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Stefana Avram
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara
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Jesus JA, Fragoso TN, Yamamoto ES, Laurenti MD, Silva MS, Ferreira AF, Lago JHG, Santos-Gomes G, Passero LFD. Therapeutic effect of ursolic acid in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2017; 7:1-11. [PMID: 27984757 PMCID: PMC5156607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an important neglected tropical disease, affecting more than 12 million people worldwide. The available treatments are not well tolerated and present diverse side effects in patients, justifying the search for new therapeutic compounds. In the present study, the therapeutic potential and toxicity of ursolic acid (UA), isolated from the leaves of Baccharis uncinella C. DC. (Asteraceae), were evaluated in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of UA, hamsters infected with L. (L.) infantum were treated daily during 15 days with 1.0 or 2.0 mg UA/kg body weight, or with 5.0 mg amphotericin B/kg body weight by intraperitoneal route. Fifteen days after the last dose, the parasitism of the spleen and liver was stimated and the main histopathological alterations were recorded. The proliferation of splenic mononuclear cells was evaluated and IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 gene expressions were analyzed in spleen fragments. The toxicity of UA and amphotericin B were evaluated in healthy golden hamsters by histological analysis and biochemical parameters. Animals treated with UA had less parasites in the spleen and liver when compared with the infected control group, and they also showed preservation of white and red pulps, which correlate with a high rate of proliferation of splenic mononuclear cells, IFN-γ mRNA and iNOS production. Moreover, animals treated with UA did not present alterations in the levels of AST, ALT, creatinine and urea. Taken together, these findings indicate that UA is an interesting natural compound that should be considered for the development of prototype drugs against visceral leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica A Jesus
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil; Center of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, São Paulo, 09210-180, Brazil
| | - Thais N Fragoso
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo S Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia D Laurenti
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Silva
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal; Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, 384, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Aurea F Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pathology of Infectious Diseases (LIM50), Department of Pathology, Medical School of São Paulo University, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455. Cerqueira César, São Paulo, 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - João Henrique G Lago
- Center of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, São Paulo, 09210-180, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Santos-Gomes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, 384, 59012-570 Natal, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe D Passero
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, São Vicente, Praça Infante Dom Henrique, s/n, 11330-900 São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
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Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents - A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 795:169-178. [PMID: 27940056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multistep model of colon carcinogenesis has provided the framework to advance our understanding of the molecular basis of colon cancer. This multistage process of carcinogenesis takes a long period to transform from a normal epithelial cell to invasive carcinoma. Thus, it provides enough time to intervene the process of carcinogenesis especially through dietary modification. In spite of the in-depth understanding of the colon cancer etiology and pathophysiology and its association with diet, colon cancer remains a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Phytochemicals and their derivatives are gaining attention in cancer prevention and treatment strategies because of cancer chemotherapy associated adverse effects. Being the largest group of phytochemicals traditionally used for medicinal purpose in India and China, terpenoids are recently being explored as anticancer agents. Anticancer properties of terpenoids are associated with various mechanisms like counteraction of oxidative stress, potentiating endogenous antioxidants, improving detoxification potential, disrupting cell survival pathways and inducing apoptosis. This review gives a comprehensive idea of naturally occurring terpenoids as useful agents for the prevention of colon cancer with reference to their classes, sources and molecular targets. Based on the explored molecular targets further research in colon cancer chemoprevention is warranted.
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Shan JZ, Xuan YY, Zhang Q, Huang JJ. Ursolic acid sensitized colon cancer cells to chemotherapy under hypoxia by inhibiting MDR1 through HIF-1α. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2016; 17:672-82. [PMID: 27604859 PMCID: PMC5018614 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1600266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the efficacy of ursolic acid in sensitizing colon cancer cells to chemotherapy under hypoxia and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Three colon cancer cell lines (RKO, LoVo, and SW480) were used as in vitro models. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin were used as chemotherapeutic drugs. Cell viability and apoptosis were tested to evaluate the sensitivity of colon cancer cells to chemotherapy. The transcription and expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1), and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunoblotting. Cycloheximide and MG132 were used to inhibit protein synthesis and degradation, respectively. In vitro tube formation assay was used to evaluate angiogenesis. RESULTS We demonstrated the chemosensitizing effects of ursolic acid with 5-FU and oxaliplatin in three colon cancer cell lines under hypoxia. This effect was correlated to its inhibition of MDR1 through HIF-1α. Moreover, ursolic acid was capable of inhibiting HIF-1α accumulation with little effects on its constitutional expression in normoxia. In addition, ursolic acid also down-regulated VEGF and inhibited tumor angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Ursolic acid exerted chemosensitizing effects in colon cancer cells under hypoxia by inhibiting HIF-1α accumulation and the subsequent expression of the MDR1 and VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-zhen Shan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yan-yan Xuan
- Cancer Institute of Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian-jin Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
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