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Han CJ, Ning X, Burd CE, Spakowicz DJ, Tounkara F, Kalady MF, Noonan AM, McCabe S, Von Ah D. Chemotoxicity and Associated Risk Factors in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2597. [PMID: 39061235 PMCID: PMC11274507 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16142597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients experience multiple types of chemotoxicity affecting treatment compliance, survival, and quality of life (QOL). Prior research shows clinician-reported chemotoxicity (i.e., grading scales or diagnostic codes) predicts rehospitalization and cancer survival. However, a comprehensive synthesis of clinician-reported chemotoxicity is still lacking. OBJECTIVES We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine chemotoxicity's prevalence and risk factors in CRC. METHODS A systematic search from 2009 to 2024 yielded 30 studies for review, with 25 included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Pooled prevalences of overall, non-hematological, and hematological moderate-to-severe toxicities were 45.7%, 39.2%, and 25.3%, respectively. The most common clinician-reported chemotoxicities were gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity (22.9%) and neuropathy or neutropenia (17.9%). Significant risk factors at baseline were malnutritional status, frailty, impaired immune or hepato-renal functions, short telomere lengths, low gut lactobacillus levels, age, female sex, aggressive chemotherapy, and low QOL. Age was associated with neutropenia (β: -1.44) and GI toxicity (β:1.85) (p-values < 0.01). Older adults (>65 y.o.) had higher prevalences of overall (OR: 1.14) and GI (OR: 1.65) toxicities, but a lower prevalence of neutropenia (OR: 0.65) than younger adults (p-values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of closely monitoring and managing chemotoxicity in CRC patients receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire J. Han
- Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (D.V.A.)
- The Ohio State University–James: Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xia Ning
- Clinical Informatics and Implementation Science Biomedical Informatics (BMI), Computer Science and Engineering (CSE), College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Christin E. Burd
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Daniel J. Spakowicz
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Fode Tounkara
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Matthew F. Kalady
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, The Ohio State University–James: Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Anne M. Noonan
- GI Medical Oncology Selection, The Ohio State University–James: Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Susan McCabe
- Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (D.V.A.)
| | - Diane Von Ah
- Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (S.M.); (D.V.A.)
- The Ohio State University–James: Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Ma X, Lin N, Hu K, Xu C, Yang Q, Feng Y, Liu P, Ding H, Xu M, Shi Q, Chen H, Xue F. An acid-activatable fluorouracil prodrug for colorectal cancer synergistic therapy. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00384-2. [PMID: 39013485 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil has demonstrated certain efficiency in patients with colorectal cancer. However, significant side effects of use by injection are common. To address this issue defects, a reengineered 5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine (DFCR) based drug delivery system (POACa) is developed as a prominent tumor-selective nano-activator. Investigations demonstrate that the constructed nano-activator exhibits good biocompatibility and high therapeutic efficiency in mice with subcutaneous and orthotopic SW-480 colorectal tumors, as its activity is strictly dependent on the tumor-associated acid environment and thymidine phosphorylase. These strategies diminish the off-target toxicity and improve the specificity and sensitivity of human colorectal cancer cells to 5-Fu, obtaining potent efficiency by the combination of H2O2 mediated oxidative stress, calcium overload and 5-Fu-induced chemotherapy (the combination index is 0.11). Overall, the engineered nano-activator exhibits a high therapeutic index in vitro and in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we designed and prepared a pH-responsive polymer to synchronously deliver DFCR (5'-deoxy-5-fluorocytidine, a prodrug of 5-Fu), Ca2+ and H2O2. The constructed nano-activator was denoted as POACa. (1) To address the problem of premature leakage of cargo by physical embedding, our research modified the inactive prodrug DFCR through chemical bonding. (2) The activation of the prepared nano-activator was strictly dependent on the tumor-associated acid environment and thymidine phosphorylase, providing the drug delivery system with inherent safety. (3) A distinctly low combination index value (0.11) of CaO2 and DFCR indicated that POACa has a prominent tumor suppression effect by tumor calcium overload sensitized chemotherapy and H2O2 mediated cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Nuo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Ke Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China. Clinical Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Fujian Provincial Hospital, China
| | - Qing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Yushuo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Peifei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Haizhen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Mengjiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Qianqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China
| | - Hongmin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Intergration in Vaccine Research, Xiamen University, China.
| | - Fangqin Xue
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China. Clinical Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, Fujian Provincial Hospital, China.
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Ferrer Bolufer I, Galiana Vallés X, Izquierdo Álvarez S, Serrano Mira A, Guzmán Luján C, Safont Aguilera MJ, González Tarancón R, Bolaños Naranjo M, Carrasco Salas P, Santamaría González M, Rodríguez-López R. Diversity of oncopharmacogenetic profile within Spanish population. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2024; 34:166-169. [PMID: 38488402 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Consensus guidelines for genotype-guided fluoropyrimidine dosing based on variation in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene before treatment have been firmly established. The prior pharmacogenetic report avoids the serious toxicity that inevitably occurred in a non-negligible percentage of the treated patients. The precise description of the allelic distribution of the variants of interest in our reference populations is information of great interest for the management of the prescription of these antineoplastic drugs. We characterized the allelic distribution of the UGT1A1*28 variant (rs3064744), as well as the DPYD*2A (rs3918290) variant, c.1679T>G (rs55886062), c.2846A>T (rs67376798) and c.1129-5923C>G (rs75017182; HapB3) in series of 5251 patients who are going to receive treatment with irinotecan and fluoropyrimidines, representative of Valencian, Aragonese and Western Andalusian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ferrer Bolufer
- Genetics Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Service, General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia
| | - Ximo Galiana Vallés
- Genetics Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Service, General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia
| | | | - Ana Serrano Mira
- Human Genetics Unit, Clinical Analysis Service, Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital, Huelva
| | - Carola Guzmán Luján
- Genetics Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Service, General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia
| | | | | | | | - Pilar Carrasco Salas
- Human Genetics Unit, Clinical Analysis Service, Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital, Huelva
- Genetics Commission, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Santamaría González
- Genetics Laboratory, Clinical Biochemistry Service, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza
- Genetics Commission, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-López
- Genetics Laboratory, Clinical Analysis Service, General Hospital Consortium of Valencia, Valencia
- Genetics Commission, Spanish Society of Laboratory Medicine, Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Tidwell TR, Røsland G, Tronstad KJ, Søreide K, Hagland HR. Comparing in vitro cytotoxic drug sensitivity in colon and pancreatic cancer using 2D and 3D cell models: Contrasting viability and growth inhibition in clinically relevant dose and repeated drug cycles. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7318. [PMID: 38872378 PMCID: PMC11176582 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro drug screening that is more translatable to the in vivo tumor environment can reduce both time and cost of cancer drug development. Here we address some of the shortcomings in screening and show how treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in 2D and 3D culture models of colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) give different responses regarding growth inhibition. METHODS The sensitivity of the cell lines at clinically relevant 5-FU concentrations was monitored over 4 days of treatment in both 2D and 3D cultures for CRC (SW948 and HCT116) and PDAC (Panc-1 and MIA-Pa-Ca-2) cell lines. The 3D cultures were maintained beyond this point to enable a second treatment cycle at Day 14, following the timeline of a standard clinical 5-FU regimen. RESULTS Evaluation after one cycle did not reveal significant growth inhibition in any of the CRC or PDAC 2D models. By the end of the second cycle of treatment the CRC spheroids reached 50% inhibition at clinically achievable concentrations in the 3D model, but not in the 2D model. The PDAC models were not sensitive to clinical doses even after two cycles. High content viability metrics point to even lower response in the resistant PDAC models. CONCLUSION This study reveals the limitations of testing drugs in 2D cancer models and short exposure in 3D models, and the importance of using appropriate growth inhibition analysis. We found that screening with longer exposure and several cycles of treatment in 3D models suggests a more reliable way to assess drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia R Tidwell
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Gro Røsland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology and Medical Physics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Kjetil Søreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Gastrointestinal Translational Research Group, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Hanne R Hagland
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
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5
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Feineis D, Bringmann G. Structural variety and pharmacological potential of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2024; 91:1-410. [PMID: 38811064 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids are a fascinating class of natural biaryl compounds. They show characteristic mono- and dimeric scaffolds, with chiral axes and stereogenic centers. Since the appearance of the last comprehensive overview on these secondary plant metabolites in this series in 1995, the number of discovered representatives has tremendously increased to more than 280 examples known today. Many novel-type compounds have meanwhile been discovered, among them naphthylisoquinoline-related follow-up products like e.g., the first seco-type (i.e., ring-opened) and ring-contracted analogues. As highlighted in this review, the knowledge on the broad structural chemodiversity of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids has been decisively driven forward by extensive phytochemical studies on the metabolite pattern of Ancistrocladus abbreviatus from Coastal West Africa, which is a particularly "creative" plant. These investigations furnished a considerable number of more than 80-mostly new-natural products from this single species, with promising antiplasmodial activities and with pronounced cytotoxic effects against human leukemia, pancreatic, cervical, and breast cancer cells. Another unique feature of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids is their unprecedented biosynthetic origin from polyketidic precursors and not, as usual for isoquinoline alkaloids, from aromatic amino acids-a striking example of biosynthetic convergence in nature. Furthermore, remarkable botanical results are presented on the natural producers of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, the paleotropical Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae lianas, including first investigations on the chemoecological role of these plant metabolites and their storage and accumulation in particular plant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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6
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Abedpoor N, Taghian F, Jalali Dehkordi K, Safavi K. Sparassis latifolia and exercise training as complementary medicine mitigated the 5-fluorouracil potent side effects in mice with colorectal cancer: bioinformatics approaches, novel monitoring pathological metrics, screening signatures, and innovative management tactic. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:141. [PMID: 38637796 PMCID: PMC11027426 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prompt identification and assessment of the disease are essential for reducing the death rate associated with colorectal cancer (COL). Identifying specific causal or sensitive components, such as coding RNA (cRNA) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), may greatly aid in the early detection of colorectal cancer. METHODS For this purpose, we gave natural chemicals obtained from Sparassis latifolia (SLPs) either alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy (5-Fluorouracil to a mouse colorectal tumor model induced by AOM-DSS. The transcription profile of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and their target hub genes was evaluated using qPCR Real-Time, and ELISA techniques. RESULTS MSX2, MMP7, ITIH4, and COL1A2 were identified as factors in inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to the development of COL. The hub genes listed, upstream regulatory factors such as lncRNA PVT1, NEAT1, KCNQ1OT1, SNHG16, and miR-132-3p have been discovered as biomarkers for prognosis and diagnosis of COL. The SLPs and exercise, effectively decreased the size and quantity of tumors. CONCLUSIONS This effect may be attributed to the modulation of gene expression levels, including MSX2, MMP7, ITIH4, COL1A2, PVT1, NEAT1, KCNQ1OT1, SNHG16, and miR-132-3p. Ultimately, SLPs and exercise have the capacity to be regarded as complementing and enhancing chemotherapy treatments, owing to their efficacious components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Abedpoor
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, School of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Taghian
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, School of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Khosro Jalali Dehkordi
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Sports Sciences, School of Sports Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kamran Safavi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Medicinal Plants Research Centre, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Jiang L, Pan T, Lv Q, Yuan W, Liu X, Qu X, Luo D, Wan S, Cui S. Novel ProTide prodrugs of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine for the treatment of liver cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115763. [PMID: 37659196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
ProTide prodrug technology has emerged as a promising way for the development of anti-viral and anti-tumor drugs, whereas, there are fewer applications for the treatment of liver cancer. Herein, a series of distinct 3'-ester ProTide prodrugs of 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUR) were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-liver cancer activity. The most efficient prodrug 11b reached a sub-micromolar activity (IC50 = 0.42 ± 0.13 μM) against HepG2 and over 100-fold and 200-fold improvements compared to 5-FU, respectively. 11b also demonstrated favorable selectivity towards normal liver cells L-02 (IC50 > 100 μM). In vitro metabolic stability studies revealed that 11b is stable in the plasma and could be activated rapidly in the liver, which supported that 11b is liver-targeted. Importantly, to more accurately evaluate the anti-HCC activity of 11b, the liver orthotopic model was built and 11b significantly suppressed tumor growth (TGI = 75.5%) at a dose of 60 mg/kg/2d in vivo without obvious toxicity. Overall, these promising results indicated that 11b could serve as a safe and effective prodrug of 5-FU nucleoside for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Qin Lv
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenmin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xianjun Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Dongdong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Shengbiao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Shuxiang Cui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Lone MN, Gul S, Mehraj U, Sofi S, Dar AH, Ganie SA, Wani NA, Mir MA, Zargar MA. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Uracil Derivatives as Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitors. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6212-6231. [PMID: 36849711 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell division is driven by nucleic acid metabolism, and thymidylate synthase (TYMS) catalyzes a rate-limiting step in nucleotide synthesis. As a result, thymidylate synthase has emerged as a critical target in chemotherapy. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is currently being used to treat a wide range of cancers, including breast, pancreatic, head and neck, colorectal, ovarian, and gastric cancers The objective of this study was to establish a new methodology for the low-cost, one-pot synthesis of uracil derivatives (UD-1 to UD-5) and to evaluate their therapeutic potential in BC cells. One-pot organic synthesis processes using a single solvent were used for the synthesis of drug analogues of Uracil. Integrated bioinformatics using GEPIA2, UALCAN, and KM plotter were utilized to study the expression pattern and prognostic significance of TYMS, the key target gene of 5-fluorouracil in breast cancer patients. Cell viability, cell proliferation, and colony formation assays were used as in vitro methods to validate the in silico lead obtained. BC patients showed high levels of thymidylate synthase, and high expression of thymidylate synthase was found associated with poor prognosis. In silico studies indicated that synthesized uracil derivatives have a high affinity for thymidylate synthase. Notably, the uracil derivatives dramatically inhibited the proliferation and colonization potential of BC cells in vitro. In conclusion, our study identified novel uracil derivatives as promising therapeutic options for breast cancer patients expressing the augmented levels of thymidylate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nadeem Lone
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Chemical Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Shazia Gul
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Umar Mehraj
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Shazia Sofi
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Abid Hamid Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India
| | - Shabir Ahmad Ganie
- Division of Basic Sciences and Humanities FoA, SKUAST-K, Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Nissar Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India.
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Mir
- Department of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India.
| | - Mohammed A Zargar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, J&K, India.
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9
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Liu J, Zhang Q, Wang J, Wang C, Lan T, Wang T, Wang B. Knockdown of BAP31 Downregulates Galectin-3 to Inhibit the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway to Modulate 5-FU Chemosensitivity and Cancer Stemness in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14402. [PMID: 37762705 PMCID: PMC10532080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased stemness is causally linked to the development of chemoresistance in cancers. B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31) has been identified to play an oncogenic role in many types of cancer. However, the role of BAP31 in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemosensitivity and stemness of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological function and molecular mechanism of BAP31 in regulating 5-FU chemosensitivity and stemness. The correlation between BAP31 expression and 5-FU chemosensitivity was examined using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide and colony formation assays. Cancer stemness was analyzed using tumor sphere formation and Western blot assays. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses of the knockdown cell lines were performed to explore the possible mechanisms. Finally, we investigated the function of BAP31 by constructing xenograft nude mouse models in vivo. In this study, we demonstrated that BAP31 was increased in CRC cells, and knockdown of BAP31 reduced the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 5-FU, while this effect was reversed by overexpression of BAP31. In addition, knockdown of BAP31 substantially reduced the stemness of CRC cells in vitro. Consistently, knockdown of BAP31 significantly suppressed the tumorigenicity and stemness of CRC in vivo. The functional study further suggested that knockdown of BAP31 downregulated galectin-3 to inhibit the accumulation of β-catenin, which in turn repressed the transcription of downstream target genes (c-MYC, SOX2) of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Knockdown of BAP31 reduced stemness by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to increase 5-FU chemosensitivity. Importantly, intrabodies against BAP31 suppressed tumor growth and enhanced the antitumor effects of 5-FU in vivo. Therefore, using intrabodies against BAP31 may be a strategy for improving the antitumor effect of 5-FU in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tianyi Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (J.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (T.L.)
| | - Bing Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; (J.L.); (Q.Z.); (J.W.); (C.W.); (T.L.)
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10
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Khan M, Alharbi S, Aljuhani S, Tunkar M, Morya A, Alnatsheh A, Alshamrani M, Felemban R. The Incidence of Hematological Toxicities in Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated With Fluoropyrimidine-Based Regimens at Princess Noorah Oncology Center. Cureus 2023; 15:e44267. [PMID: 37772227 PMCID: PMC10529469 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fluoropyrimidine-based regimens are used for the management of colorectal cancer, which is the second most common cancer in Saudi Arabia. We aimed to study the incidence of hematological toxicities in colorectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidine and fluoropyrimidine-based regimens at Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City- Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods A retrospective cohort study that included adult colorectal cancer patients who were treated with fluoropyrimidine-based regimens from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 at Princess Noorah Oncology Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia was performed. Our primary objective was to determine the incidence of anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia in colorectal cancer patients treated with fluoropyrimidines and fluoropyrimidine-based regimens. Secondary objectives were to assess the grade of hematological toxicities associated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) use and to determine the frequency of unplanned hospital admissions or emergency department (ED) visits after receiving fluoropyrimidine-based regimens. The collected data contained patients' characteristics (weight, height, age, gender, and diagnosis), chemotherapy agents, and hematological toxicity-related findings such as absolute neutrophil count, hemoglobin, platelet count, and number of ED visits or hospital admissions during fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy regimens. Results Of the 570 cycles of the fluoropyrimidine-based regimen received by 68 patients, hematological toxicities were observed in 508 (89.1%) cycles, and grade ≥ 3 grade toxicities were found in 46 (8.1%) cycles. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia between patients who received bolus administration of 5-FU and those who did not (8.5% vs. 2.3% respectively, p=0.025). The incidence of grade 3-4 anemia was higher in the bolus group (11.3%) compared to the group where bolus was omitted (4.6%); however, the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.059). Furthermore, there was no significant difference among the two groups for grade 3 and grade 4 thrombocytopenia (0.0% with bolus given and 0.7% with bolus omission p=1.00). Conclusion Our retrospective study showed that there have been significantly higher grade 3-4 hematological toxicities observed with bolus administration of 5-FU, which confirms the previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Khan
- Pharmaceutical Care Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Sara Alharbi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Shahad Aljuhani
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Mariam Tunkar
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Amjaad Morya
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Majed Alshamrani
- Pharmaceutical Care Services, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Razaz Felemban
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU
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11
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Qu S, Wang Q, Wang Y, Li L, Zhu L, Kuang X, Wang X, Li H, Zhao L, Dai H. Design, synthesis, antibacterial/antitumor activity and in vitro stability of novel cordycepin derivatives with unsaturated fatty acid chain. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 187:106466. [PMID: 37201872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the metabolic instability of cordycepin (adenosine deaminase (ADA) metabolic deamination and plasma degradation) and obtain better bioactivity, three novel kinds of cordycepin derivatives 1a-1c containing unsaturated fatty acids including linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and a-linolenic acid, respectively, were designed and synthesized. In terms of antibacterial activity, the synthesized compounds 1a and 1c showed enhanced activity than cordycepin in the tested bacterial strains. 1a-1c also exhibited enhanced antitumor activity against four cancer cell lines (human cervical cancer cell line HeLa, human non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549, human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721) compared with cordycepin. Notably, 1a and 1b showed better antitumor activity even compared with positive control 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in HeLa, MCF-7 and SMMC-7721. The cell cycle assay indicated that when compared with cordycepin, 1a and 1b could significantly inhibit the cell propagation trapped in S and G2/M phases and increase the percentage of cells trapped in G0/G1 in HeLa and A549, which might provide a synergistic antitumor mechanism evidence different from cordycepin. Last but not the least, 1a and 1b displayed improved stability both in ADA solution and mouse plasma compared with cordycepin and 1a owns a solubility of 130 μg/mL in PBS. These results offer a novel insight into the primary structure and activity relationship of how the unsaturated fatty acid chain could affect the bioactivity of cordycepin, which also represents a series of cordycepin analogs with obviously improved bioactivity and enhanced stability, therefore promoting its druggable enhancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Qu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- High & New Technology Research Center, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Prevention, Henan Institute of Reproductive Health Science and Technology, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Lihong Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lifei Zhu
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiuhua Kuang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Huijuan Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Longxuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116-029, China
| | - Hong Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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12
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Maslarinou A, Manolopoulos VG, Ragia G. Pharmacogenomic-guided dosing of fluoropyrimidines beyond DPYD: time for a polygenic algorithm? Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1184523. [PMID: 37256234 PMCID: PMC10226670 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1184523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoropyrimidines are chemotherapeutic agents widely used for the treatment of various solid tumors. Commonly prescribed FPs include 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and its oral prodrugs capecitabine (CAP) and tegafur. Bioconversion of 5-FU prodrugs to 5-FU and subsequent metabolic activation of 5-FU are required for the formation of fluorodeoxyuridine triphosphate (FdUTP) and fluorouridine triphosphate, the active nucleotides through which 5-FU exerts its antimetabolite actions. A significant proportion of FP-treated patients develop severe or life-threatening, even fatal, toxicity. It is well known that FP-induced toxicity is governed by genetic factors, with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD), the rate limiting enzyme in 5-FU catabolism, being currently the cornerstone of FP pharmacogenomics. DPYD-based dosing guidelines exist to guide FP chemotherapy suggesting significant dose reductions in DPYD defective patients. Accumulated evidence shows that additional variations in other genes implicated in FP pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics increase risk for FP toxicity, therefore taking into account more gene variations in FP dosing guidelines holds promise to improve FP pharmacotherapy. In this review we describe the current knowledge on pharmacogenomics of FP-related genes, beyond DPYD, focusing on FP toxicity risk and genetic effects on FP dose reductions. We propose that in the future, FP dosing guidelines may be expanded to include a broader ethnicity-based genetic panel as well as gene*gene and gender*gene interactions towards safer FP prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Maslarinou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Individualised Medicine and Pharmacological Research Solutions Center, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Vangelis G. Manolopoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Individualised Medicine and Pharmacological Research Solutions Center, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Academic General Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgia Ragia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Individualised Medicine and Pharmacological Research Solutions Center, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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13
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Miarons M, Manzaneque Gordón A, Riera P, Gutiérrez Nicolás F. Allelic Frequency of DPYD Genetic Variants in Patients With Cancer in Spain: The PhotoDPYD Study. Oncologist 2023; 28:e304-e308. [PMID: 37014829 PMCID: PMC10166167 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Identifying polymorphisms in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene is gaining importance to be able to predict fluoropyrimidine-associated toxicity. The aim of this project was to describe the frequency of the DPYD variants DPYD*2A (rs3918290); c.1679T>G (rs55886062); c.2846A>T (rs67376798) and c.1129-5923C>G (rs75017182; HapB3) in the Spanish oncological patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cross-sectional and multicentric study (PhotoDPYD study) conducted in hospitals located in Spain designed to register the frequency of the most relevant DPYD genetic variants in oncological patients. All oncological patients with DPYD genotype were recruited in the participant hospitals. The measures determined where the presence or not of the 4 DPYD previously described variants. RESULTS Blood samples from 8054 patients with cancer from 40 different hospitals were used to determine the prevalence of the 4 variants located in the DPYD gene. The frequency of carriers of one defective DPYD variant was 4.9%. The most frequently identified variant was c.1129-5923C>G (rs75017182) (HapB3), in 2.9%, followed by c.2846A>T (rs67376798) in 1.4%, c.1905 + 1G>A (rs3918290, DPYD*2A) in 0.7% and c.1679T>G (rs55886062) in 0.2% of the patients. Only 7 patients (0.08%) were carrying the c.1129-5923C>G (rs75017182) (HapB3) variant, 3 (0.04%) the c.1905 + 1G>A (rs3918290, DPYD*2A) and one (0.01%) the DPYD c.2846A>T (rs67376798, p.D949V) variant in homozygosis. Moreover, 0.07% were compound heterozygous patients, 3 carrying the DPYD variants DPYD*2A + c.2846A>T, 2 the DPYD c.1129-5923C>G + c.2846A>T and one the DPYD*2A + c.1129-5923C>G variants. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the relatively high frequency of DPYD genetic variants in the Spanish patient with cancer population, which highlights the relevance of their determination before initiating a fluoropirimidine-containing regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Miarons
- Pharmacy Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital, Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- ReDPyD group from the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), Tenerife, Canarias, Spain
| | - Alba Manzaneque Gordón
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- ReDPyD group from the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), Tenerife, Canarias, Spain
| | - Pau Riera
- Pharmacy Department, IIB-Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Carrer Sant Quintí, Barcelona, Spain
- U705, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- ReDPyD group from the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), Tenerife, Canarias, Spain
| | - Fernando Gutiérrez Nicolás
- Pharmacy Department, Research Unit Hospital Universitario de Canarias (CHUC), Tenerife, Canarias, Spain
- ReDPyD group from the Spanish Society of Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), Tenerife, Canarias, Spain
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14
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da Silva MC, Fabiano LC, da Costa Salomão KC, de Freitas PLZ, Neves CQ, Borges SC, de Souza Carvalho MDG, Breithaupt-Faloppa AC, de Thomaz AA, Dos Santos AM, Buttow NC. A Rodent Model of Human-Dose-Equivalent 5-Fluorouracil: Toxicity in the Liver, Kidneys, and Lungs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051005. [PMID: 37237871 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapy drug widely used to treat a range of cancer types, despite the recurrence of adverse reactions. Therefore, information on its side effects when administered at a clinically recommended dose is relevant. On this basis, we examined the effects of the 5-FU clinical treatment on the integrity of the liver, kidneys, and lungs of rats. For this purpose, 14 male Wistar rats were divided into treated and control groups and 5-FU was administered at 15 mg/kg (4 consecutive days), 6 mg/kg (4 alternate days), and 15 mg/kg on the 14th day. On the 15th day, blood, liver, kidney, and lung samples were collected for histological, oxidative stress, and inflammatory evaluations. We observed a reduction in the antioxidant markers and an increase in lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) in the liver of treated animals. We also detected elevated levels of inflammatory markers, histological lesions, apoptotic cells, and aspartate aminotransferase. Clinical treatment with 5-FU did not promote inflammatory or oxidative alterations in the kidney samples; however, histological and biochemical changes were observed, including increased serum urea and uric acid. 5-FU reduces endogenous antioxidant defenses and increases LOOH levels in the lungs, suggesting oxidative stress. Inflammation and histopathological alterations were also detected. The clinical protocol of 5-FU promotes toxicity in the liver, kidneys, and lungs of healthy rats, resulting in different levels of histological and biochemical alterations. These results will be useful in the search for new adjuvants to attenuate the adverse effects of 5-FU in such organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Conceição da Silva
- Biological Physics and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Lilian Catarim Fabiano
- Department of Morphological Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Quaglio Neves
- Department of Morphological Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Maria das Graças de Souza Carvalho
- Biological Physics and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Breithaupt-Faloppa
- Laboratório de Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Fisiopatologia da Circulação (LIM-11), Instituto do Coração (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-904, SP, Brasil
| | - André Alexandre de Thomaz
- Quantum Electronic Department, Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-872, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Mara Dos Santos
- Biological Physics and Cell Signaling Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Nilza Cristina Buttow
- Department of Morphological Science, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil
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15
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Ogunwale G, Louis H, Unimuke TO, Mathias GE, Owen AE, Edet HO, Enudi OC, Oluwasanmi EO, Adeyinka AS, Doust Mohammadi M. Interaction of 5-Fluorouracil on the Surfaces of Pristine and Functionalized Ca 12O 12 Nanocages: An Intuition from DFT. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13551-13568. [PMID: 37091381 PMCID: PMC10116506 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of nanostructured materials for several biomedical applications has tremendously increased over the last few decades owing to their nanosizes, porosity, large surface area, sensitivity, and efficiency as drug delivery systems. Thus, the incorporation of functionalized and pristine nanostructures for cancer therapy offers substantial prospects to curb the persistent problems of ineffective drug administration and delivery to target sites. The potential of pristine (Ca12O12) and formyl (-CHO)- and amino (-NH2)-functionalized (Ca12O12-CHO and Ca12O12-NH2) derivatives as efficient nanocarriers for 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was studied at the B3LYP-GD3(BJ)/6-311++G(d,p) theoretical level in two electronic media (gas and solvent). To effectively account for all adsorption interactions of the drug on the investigated surfaces, electronic studies as well as topological analysis based on the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and noncovalent interactions were exhaustively utilized. Interestingly, the obtained results divulged that the 5FU drug interacted favorably with both Ca12O12 and its functionalized derivatives. The adsorption energies of pristine and functionalized nanostructures were calculated to be -133.4, -96.9, and -175.6 kcal/mol, respectively, for Ca12O12, Ca12O12-CHO, and Ca12O12-NH2. Also, both topological analysis and NBO stabilization analysis revealed the presence of interactions among O3-H32, O27-C24, O10-C27, and N24-H32 atoms of the drug and the surface. However, 5FU@Ca12O12-CHO molecules portrayed the least adsorption energy due to considerable destabilization of the molecular complex as revealed by the computed deformation energy. Therefore, 5FU@Ca12O12 and 5FU@Ca12O12-NH2 acted as better nanovehicles for 5FU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goodness
J. Ogunwale
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Ibadan, Ibadan200005, Nigeria
| | - Hitler Louis
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
| | - Tomsmith O. Unimuke
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
| | - Gideon E. Mathias
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
| | - Aniekan E. Owen
- School
of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St AndrewsKY16 9ST, Scotland
| | - Henry O. Edet
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
| | - Obieze C. Enudi
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Ibadan, Ibadan200005, Nigeria
| | - Esther O. Oluwasanmi
- Computational
and Bio-Simulation Research Group, University
of Calabar, Calabar540221, Nigeria
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University
of Ibadan, Ibadan200005, Nigeria
| | - Adedapo S. Adeyinka
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg2006, South-Africa
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16
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The negative effect of G1958A polymorphism on MTHFD1 protein stability and HCC growth. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:735-744. [PMID: 36913067 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00780-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1), a key enzyme on the folate pathway, has been implicated in the tumor development of distinct types of cancers. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of 1958G > A mutation in the coding region of MTHFD1 (arginine 653 is mutated into glutamine) has been detected in a significant proportion of clinical samples of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS : Hepatoma cell lines, 97H and Hep3B were used. The expression of MTHFD1 and SNP mutation protein was determined by immunoblotting analysis. The protein ubiquitination of MTHFD1 was detected by immunoprecipitation analysis. The post-translational modification sites and interacting proteins of MTHFD1 in the presence of G1958A SNP were identified by mass spectrometry. Metabolic flux analysis was used to detect the synthesis of relevant metabolites sourced from serine isotope. RESULTS The present study showed G1958A SNP of MTHFD1, encoding MTHFD1 R653Q, was associated with the attenuated protein stability caused by ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation. Mechanistically, MTHFD1 R653Q displayed an enhanced binding to the E3 ligase TRIM21, which was responsible for the augmented ubiquitination, and MTHFD1 K504 was identified to be the primary ubiquitination site. The subsequent metabolite analysis revealed MTHFD1 R653Q resulted in the repressed flux of serine-derived methyl group into metabolite precursors for purine synthesis, and the compromised purine synthesis was demonstrated to be responsible for the impeded growth capability in MTHFD1 R653Q-expressing cells. Moreover, the suppressive effect of MTHFD1 R653Q expression in tumorigenesis was verified by xenograft analysis, and the relationship between MTHFD1 G1958A SNP and its protein levels was revealed in clinical human liver cancer specimens. CONCLUSION Our results uncovered an unidentified mechanism underlying of the impact of G1958A SNP on MTHFD1 protein stability and tumor metabolism in HCC. which provides a molecular basis for the according clinical management when considering MTHFD1 as a therapeutic target.
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17
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Yavari B, Athari SS, Omidi Y, Jalali A, Najafi R. EpCAM aptamer activated 5-FU-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in CRC treatment; in vitro and in vivo study. J Drug Target 2023; 31:296-309. [PMID: 36398476 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2148679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) aptamer-activated nanoparticles (Ap-NPs) were synthesised to enhance treatment efficiency in colorectal cancer (CRC). PLGA [poly(d, l-lactide-co-glycolide)] copolymer was fabricated by conjugation of COOH-PEG-NH2 to PLGA-COOH through an EDC/NHS-mediated chemistry. Afterwards, 5-fluorouracil-loaded (FU) nanoparticles were prepared using the water/oil/water double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The in vitro cytotoxicity of formulations was evaluated using the MTT assay in HCT-116, CT-26 and HEK-293 cell lines. For in vivo study, tumour-bearing BALB/c mice were established by subcutaneous injection of CT-26 cell line. The results indicated that fabricated AP-FU-NPs had 101 nm size with a spherical surface, relatively homogeneously and, satisfactory encapsulation efficiency (83.93%). In vitro experiments revealed that Ap-FU-NPs had a superior in vitro cytotoxicity than both FU-NPs and free 5-FU in CT-26 and HCT-116 cells but, were significantly low toxic against HEK-293 cells relative to free 5-FU. Furthermore, in vivo results showed no significant haemolytic effect, hepatic and renal injury, or weight loss. After treatment of various animal groups with formulations, notable tumour growth delay was observed following the order: Ap-FU-NPs < FU-NPs < 5-FU < PBS. The results suggest that AP-FU-NPs could be an effective and promising carrier for 5-FU delivery to the EpCAM overexpressing CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Yavari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Akram Jalali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences & Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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18
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Zhang S, Sun Y, Yao F, Li H, Yang Y, Li X, Bai Z, Hu Y, Wang P, Xu X. Ginkgo Biflavones Cause p53 Wild-Type Dependent Cell Death in a Transcription-Independent Manner of p53. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:346-356. [PMID: 36700552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba, as a medicinal plant in both traditional and western medicine, emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for the management of a variety of diseases, but ginkgo biflavones (bilobetin, isoginkgetin, and ginkgetin) application in cancer therapy and underlying mechanisms of action remained elusive. In the present study, we identified ginkgo biflavones as potential p53 activators that could enhance p53 protein expression level by inhibiting MDM2 protein expression. At the same time, they induced cell death independent of p53 transcriptional activity. Moreover, ginkgetin was a standout among ginkgo biflavones that reduced the survival of HCT-116 cells by induction of apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest. Furthermore, ginkgo biflavones induced ROS generation significantly, which resulted in ferroptosis. Finally, we provide evidence that ginkgetin strengthened the antitumor effect of fluorouracil (5-FU) in the HCT-116 colon cancer xenograft model. To sum up, ginkgo biflavones represent a new class of p53 activator that depends on the p53 wild-type status and warrants further exploration as potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhang
- Institute of Burns, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University (Wuhan Third Hospital), Wuhan 430060, P. R. China
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Fengli Yao
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hongju Li
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yacong Yang
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xionghao Li
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyue Bai
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yu Hu
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Center for Innovation Marine Drug Screening & Evaluation, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- Marine Drug Screening and Evaluation Platform (QNLM), School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, P. R. China
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19
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Effects of curcumin on 5-fluorouracil resistance of colon cancer cells through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway via MACC1. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Long S, Wang J, Weng F, Pei Z, Zhou S, Sun G, Xiang D. ECM1 regulates the resistance of colorectal cancer to 5-FU treatment by modulating apoptotic cell death and epithelial-mesenchymal transition induction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1005915. [PMID: 36408224 PMCID: PMC9666402 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1005915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) chemoresistance is a persistent impediment to the efficient treatment of many types of cancer, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying such resistance remain incompletely understood. Here we found CRC patients resistant to 5-FU treatment exhibited increased extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) expression compared to CRC patients sensitive to this chemotherapeutic agent, and higher levels of ECM1 expression were correlated significantly with shorter overall survival and disease-free survival. 5-FU resistant HCT15 (HCT15/FU) cells expressed significantly higher levels of ECM1 relative to parental HCT15 cells. Changes in ECM1 expression altered the ability of both parental and HCT15/FU cells to tolerate the medication in vitro and in vivo via processes associated with apoptosis and EMT induction. From a mechanistic perspective, knocking down and overexpressing ECM1 in HCT15/FU and HCT15 cell lines inhibited and activated PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling, respectively. Accordingly, 5-FU-induced apoptotic activity and EMT phenotype changes were affected by treatment with PI3K/AKT agonists and inhibitors. Together, these data support a model wherein ECM1 regulates CRC resistance to 5-FU via PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway-mediated modulation of apoptotic resistance and EMT induction, highlighting ECM1 as a promising target for therapeutic intervention for efforts aimed at overcoming chemoresistance in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirui Long
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanbin Weng
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhigang Pei
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Pathology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Shixian Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Pathology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Guiyin Sun
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Guiyin Sun, ; Debing Xiang,
| | - Debing Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, China,Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Guiyin Sun, ; Debing Xiang,
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21
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Huang CZ, Zhou Y, Tong QS, Duan QJ, Zhang Q, Du JZ, Yao XQ. Precision medicine-guided co-delivery of ASPN siRNA and oxaliplatin by nanoparticles to overcome chemoresistance of colorectal cancer. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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22
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Colon Cancer Pharmacogenetics: A Narrative Review. PHARMACY 2022; 10:pharmacy10040095. [PMID: 36005935 PMCID: PMC9413567 DOI: 10.3390/pharmacy10040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, metastatic colon cancer is treated with monotherapeutic regimens such as folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX), capecitabine and oxaliplatin (CapeOX), and leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan hydrochloride (FOLFIRI). Other treatments include biological therapies and immunotherapy with drugs such as bevacizumab, panitumumab, cetuximab, and pembrolizumab. After the research, it was found that some mutations make those treatments not as effective in all patients. In this bibliographic review, we investigated the pharmacogenetic explanations for how mutations in the genes coding for rat sarcoma virus (RAS) and rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (RAF) reduce the effectiveness of these treatments and allow the continued proliferation of tumors. Furthermore, we note that patients with mutations in the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPDY) gene usually require lower doses of therapies such as 5-fluorouracyl (5-FU) and capecitabine to avoid severe adverse effects. Some other mutations in the thymidylate synthase gene (TSYM), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR), and ATP binding cassette transporter B (ABCB1 and ABCB2) affect efficacy and security of the treatments. It is important to address the clinical implication of the oncologist in the study of gene mutations than can influence in the antitumoral response and safety of colon cancer treatments.
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23
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Younis NK, Roumieh R, Bassil EP, Ghoubaira JA, Kobeissy F, Eid AH. Nanoparticles: attractive tools to treat colorectal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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24
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Rodrigues JCG, Fernandes MR, Ribeiro-dos-Santos AM, de Araújo GS, de Souza SJ, Guerreiro JF, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â, de Assumpção PP, dos Santos NPC, Santos S. Pharmacogenomic Profile of Amazonian Amerindians. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12060952. [PMID: 35743738 PMCID: PMC9224798 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12060952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the role of pharmacogenomics in the large variability observed in drug efficacy/safety, an assessment about the pharmacogenomic profile of patients prior to drug prescription or dose adjustment is paramount to improve adherence to treatment and prevent adverse drug reaction events. A population commonly underrepresented in pharmacogenomic studies is the Native American populations, which have a unique genetic profile due to a long process of geographic isolation and other genetic and evolutionary processes. Here, we describe the pharmacogenetic variability of Native American populations regarding 160 pharmacogenes involved in absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion processes and biological pathways of different therapies. Data were obtained through complete exome sequencing of individuals from 12 different Amerindian groups of the Brazilian Amazon. The study reports a total of 3311 variants; of this, 167 are exclusive to Amerindian populations, and 1183 are located in coding regions. Among these new variants, we found non-synonymous coding variants in the DPYD and the IFNL4 genes and variants with high allelic frequencies in intronic regions of the MTHFR, TYMS, GSTT1, and CYP2D6 genes. Additionally, 332 variants with either high or moderate (disruptive or non-disruptive impact in protein effectiveness, respectively) significance were found with a minimum of 1% frequency in the Amazonian Amerindian population. The data reported here serve as scientific basis for future design of specific treatment protocols for Amazonian Amerindian populations as well as for populations admixed with them, such as the Northern Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Carla Gomes Rodrigues
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66073-000, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (Â.R.-d.-S.); (P.P.d.A.); (N.P.C.d.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-(91)-983973173
| | - Marianne Rodrigues Fernandes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66073-000, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (Â.R.-d.-S.); (P.P.d.A.); (N.P.C.d.S.); (S.S.)
| | - André Maurício Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (A.M.R.-d.-S.); (G.S.d.A.); (J.F.G.)
| | - Gilderlanio Santana de Araújo
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (A.M.R.-d.-S.); (G.S.d.A.); (J.F.G.)
| | | | - João Farias Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (A.M.R.-d.-S.); (G.S.d.A.); (J.F.G.)
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66073-000, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (Â.R.-d.-S.); (P.P.d.A.); (N.P.C.d.S.); (S.S.)
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (A.M.R.-d.-S.); (G.S.d.A.); (J.F.G.)
| | - Paulo Pimentel de Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66073-000, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (Â.R.-d.-S.); (P.P.d.A.); (N.P.C.d.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Ney Pereira Carneiro dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66073-000, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (Â.R.-d.-S.); (P.P.d.A.); (N.P.C.d.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sidney Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66073-000, Brazil; (M.R.F.); (Â.R.-d.-S.); (P.P.d.A.); (N.P.C.d.S.); (S.S.)
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belem 66075-110, Brazil; (A.M.R.-d.-S.); (G.S.d.A.); (J.F.G.)
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25
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Tan J, Zhou S, Zhang W, Yang B, Zhong G, Huang J, Hu H, Han F, Luo M. LncRNA OVAAL
enhances nucleotide synthesis via pyruvate carboxylase to promote
5‐FU
resistance in gastric cancer. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3055-3070. [PMID: 35657686 PMCID: PMC9459305 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐nan Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Sheng‐ning Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Guang‐yu Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Hai Hu
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Fang‐hai Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
| | - Man‐Li Luo
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‐Sen University Guangzhou China 510120
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26
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Tarantino ME, Delaney S. Kinetic Analysis of the Effect of N-Terminal Acetylation on Thymine DNA Glycosylase. Biochemistry 2022; 61:895-908. [PMID: 35436101 PMCID: PMC9117521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) is tasked with initiating DNA base excision repair by recognizing and removing T, U, the chemotherapeutic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and many other oxidized and halogenated pyrimidine bases. TDG contains a long, unstructured N-terminus that contains four known sites of acetylation: lysine (K) residues 59, 83, 84, and 87. Here, K to glutamine (Q) mutants are used as acetyl-lysine (AcK) analogues to probe the effect of N-terminal acetylation on the kinetics of TDG. We find that mimicking acetylation affects neither the maximal single-turnover rate kmax nor the turnover rate kTO, indicating that the steps after initial binding, through chemistry and product release, are not affected. Under subsaturating conditions, however, acetylation changes the processing of U substrates. Subtle differences among AcK analogues are revealed with 5-FU in single-stranded DNA. We propose that the subtleties observed among the AcK analogues may be amplified on the genomic scale, leading to regulation of TDG activity. N-terminal acetylation, though, may also play a structural, rather than kinetic role in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Tarantino
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
| | - Sarah Delaney
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
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27
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Chen L, Tian B, Liu W, Liang H, You Y, Liu W. Molecular Biomarker of Drug Resistance Developed From Patient-Derived Organoids Predicts Survival of Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:855674. [PMID: 35425715 PMCID: PMC9004628 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.855674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) is the critical composition of colorectal cancer (CRC) treatments. Prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers for CRC patients (CRCpts) treated with 5-Fu-based chemotherapy can provide assistance for tailoring treatment approach. Here, we established a molecular biomarker of 5-Fu resistance derived from colorectal cancer organoids (CRCOs) for predicting the survival of CRCpts. Forty-one CRCO cultures were generated from 50 CRC tumor tissues after surgery (82%). The following experiments revealed a great diversity in drug sensitivity for 10 μM 5-Fu treatment tested by using organoid size change. Fourteen cases (34.1%) were 5-Fu sensitive and the other 27 (65.9%) were resistant. Then, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with 5-Fu resistance were outputted by transcriptome sequencing. In particular, DEGs were generated in two comparison groups: 1) 5-Fu sensitive and resistant untreated CRCOs; 2) CRCOs before 5-Fu treatment and surviving CRCOs after 5-Fu treatment. Some molecules and most of the pathways that have been reported to be involved in 5-Fu resistance were identified in the current research. By using DEGs correlated with 5-Fu resistance and survival of CRCpts, the gene signature and drug-resistant score model (DRSM) containing five molecules were established in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-CRC cohort by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and 5-fold cross-validation. Multivariate analysis revealed that drug-resistant score (DRS) was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in CRCpts in TCGA-CRC cohort (P < 0.001). Further validation results from four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts elucidated that the DRSM based on five genes related to 5-Fu chemosensitivity and developed from patient-derived organoids can predict survival of CRCpts. Meanwhile, our model could predict the survival of CRCpts in different subgroups. Besides, the difference of molecular pathways, tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune response-related pathways, immune score, stromal score, and immune cell proportion were dissected between DRS-high and DRS-low patients in TCGA-CRC cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Tian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haitao Liang
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong You
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weizhen Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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28
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Islam MR, Awal MA, Khames A, Abourehab MAS, Samad A, Hassan WMI, Alam R, Osman OI, Nur SM, Molla MHR, Abdulrahman AO, Rajia S, Ahammad F, Hasan MN, Qadri I, Kim B. Computational Identification of Druggable Bioactive Compounds from Catharanthus roseus and Avicennia marina against Colorectal Cancer by Targeting Thymidylate Synthase. Molecules 2022; 27:2089. [PMID: 35408488 PMCID: PMC9000506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of death worldwide, affecting approximately 1.9 million individuals in 2020. Therapeutics of the disease are not yet available and discovering a novel anticancer drug candidate against the disease is an urgent need. Thymidylate synthase (TS) is an important enzyme and prime precursor for DNA biosynthesis that catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP) that has emerged as a novel drug target against the disease. Elevated expression of TS in proliferating cells promotes oncogenesis as well as CRC. Therefore, this study aimed to identify potential natural anticancer agents that can inhibit the activity of the TS protein, subsequently blocking the progression of colorectal cancer. Initially, molecular docking was implied on 63 natural compounds identified from Catharanthus roseus and Avicennia marina to evaluate their binding affinity to the desired protein. Subsequently, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion), toxicity, and quantum chemical-based DFT (density-functional theory) approaches were applied to evaluate the efficacy of the selected compounds. Molecular docking analysis initially identified four compounds (PubChem CID: 5281349, CID: 102004710, CID: 11969465, CID: 198912) that have better binding affinity to the target protein. The ADME and toxicity properties indicated good pharmacokinetics (PK) and toxicity ability of the selected compounds. Additionally, the quantum chemical calculation of the selected molecules found low chemical reactivity indicating the bioactivity of the drug candidate. The global descriptor and HOMO-LUMO energy gap values indicated a satisfactory and remarkable profile of the selected molecules. Furthermore, MD simulations of the compounds identified better binding stability of the compounds to the desired protein. To sum up, the phytoconstituents from two plants showed better anticancer activity against TS protein that can be further developed as an anti-CRC drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rashedul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.I.); (W.M.I.H.); (O.I.O.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh;
| | - Md Abdul Awal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (S.M.N.); (A.O.A.)
| | - Ahmed Khames
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Abdus Samad
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre), Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Walid M. I. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.I.); (W.M.I.H.); (O.I.O.)
| | - Rahat Alam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre), Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Osman I. Osman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.R.I.); (W.M.I.H.); (O.I.O.)
| | - Suza Mohammad Nur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (S.M.N.); (A.O.A.)
| | | | - Abdulrasheed O. Abdulrahman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (S.M.N.); (A.O.A.)
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, Inserm, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Sultana Rajia
- Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh;
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CIR), Varendra University, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh
| | - Foysal Ahammad
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre), Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Md Nazmul Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh; (A.S.); (R.A.)
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Ishtiaq Qadri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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29
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Lohan-Codeço M, Barambo-Wagner ML, Nasciutti LE, Ribeiro Pinto LF, Meireles Da Costa N, Palumbo A. Molecular mechanisms associated with chemoresistance in esophageal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:116. [PMID: 35113247 PMCID: PMC11073146 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most incident and lethal tumors worldwide. Although surgical resection is an important approach in EC treatment, late diagnosis, metastasis and recurrence after surgery have led to the management of adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies over the past few decades. In this scenario, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CISP), and more recently paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin (CBP), have been traditionally used in EC treatment. However, chemoresistance to these agents along EC therapeutic management represents the main obstacle to successfully treat this malignancy. In this sense, despite the fact that most of chemotherapy drugs were discovered several decades ago, in many cases, including EC, they still represent the most affordable and widely employed treatment approach for these tumors. Therefore, this review summarizes the main mechanisms through which the response to the most widely chemotherapeutic agents used in EC treatment is impaired, such as drug metabolism, apoptosis resistance, cancer stem cells (CSCs), cell cycle, autophagy, energetic metabolism deregulation, tumor microenvironment and epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Lohan-Codeço
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Luísa Barambo-Wagner
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eurico Nasciutti
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Meireles Da Costa
- Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37-6ºandar-Centro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20231-050, Brazil.
| | - Antonio Palumbo
- Laboratório de Interações Celulares, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Programa de Pesquisa em Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Prédio do Centro de Ciências da Saúde-Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rua César Pernetta, 1766 (LS.3.01), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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Grumetti L, Lombardi R, Iannelli F, Pucci B, Avallone A, Di Gennaro E, Budillon A. Epigenetic Approaches to Overcome Fluoropyrimidines Resistance in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030695. [PMID: 35158962 PMCID: PMC8833539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Fluoropyrimidines represent the backbone of many combination chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of solid cancers but are still associated with toxicity and mechanisms of resistance. In this review, we focused on the epigenetic modifiers histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) and on their ability to regulate specific genes and proteins involved in the fluoropyrimidine metabolism and resistance mechanisms. We presented emerging preclinical and clinical studies, highlighting the mechanisms by which HDACis can prevent/overcome the resistance and/or enhance the therapeutic efficacy of fluoropyrimidines, potentially reducing their toxicity, and ultimately improving the overall survival of cancer patients. Abstract Although fluoropyrimidines were introduced as anticancer agents over 60 years ago, they are still the backbone of many combination chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of solid cancers. Like other chemotherapeutic agents, the therapeutic efficacy of fluoropyrimidines can be affected by drug resistance and severe toxicities; thus, novel therapeutic approaches are required to potentiate their efficacy and overcome drug resistance. In the last 20 years, the deregulation of epigenetic mechanisms has been shown to contribute to cancer hallmarks. Histone modifications play an important role in directing the transcriptional machinery and therefore represent interesting druggable targets. In this review, we focused on histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) that can increase antitumor efficacy and overcome resistance to fluoropyrimidines by targeting specific genes or proteins. Our preclinical data showed a strong synergistic interaction between HDACi and fluoropyrimidines in different cancer models, but the clinical studies did not seem to confirm these observations. Most likely, the introduction of increasingly complex preclinical models, both in vitro and in vivo, cannot recapitulate human complexity; however, our analysis of clinical studies revealed that most of them were designed without a mechanistic approach and, importantly, without careful patient selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grumetti
- Experimetnal Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (R.L.); (F.I.); (B.P.)
| | - Rita Lombardi
- Experimetnal Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (R.L.); (F.I.); (B.P.)
| | - Federica Iannelli
- Experimetnal Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (R.L.); (F.I.); (B.P.)
| | - Biagio Pucci
- Experimetnal Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (R.L.); (F.I.); (B.P.)
| | - Antonio Avallone
- Experimental Clinical Abdominal Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori di Napoli IRCCS “Fondazione Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Elena Di Gennaro
- Experimetnal Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (R.L.); (F.I.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.D.G.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-081-590-3342 (E.D.G.); +39-081-590-3292 (A.B.)
| | - Alfredo Budillon
- Experimetnal Pharmacology Unit-Laboratory of Naples and Mercogliano (AV), Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS “Fondazione G. Pascale”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (R.L.); (F.I.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: (E.D.G.); (A.B.); Tel.: +39-081-590-3342 (E.D.G.); +39-081-590-3292 (A.B.)
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Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Zhu J, Wang X. Long noncoding RNA CRART16 confers 5-FU resistance in colorectal cancer cells by sponging miR-193b-5p. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:638. [PMID: 34844630 PMCID: PMC8628471 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is the main cause of treatment failure in advanced and metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be involved in 5-FU resistance. Previously, we first detected that lncRNA cetuximab resistance-associated RNA transcript 16 (CRART16) could contribute to cetuximab resistance by upregulating V-Erb-B2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homologue 3 (ERBB3) expression by sponging miR-371a-5p in CRC cells. The current study aimed to explore the role of CRART16 in acquired 5-FU resistance in CRC cells and its possible mechanism. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to measure the expression levels of CRART16 in a 5-FU-resistant CRC cell subline (SW620/5-FU) and the parent cell line. Lentivirus transduction was performed to establish SW620 and Caco-2 cells stably overexpressing CRART16. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays and colony formation assays were applied to measure cell chemosensitivity to 5-FU. Flow cytometric and immunofluorescence staining were adopted to assess cell apoptosis induced by 5-FU. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate the direct interactions between CRART16 and miR-193b-5p and between miR-193b-5p and high-mobility group AT-hook-2 (HMGA2). The expression levels of HMGA2, apoptosis-associated proteins and p-ERK were examined by western blotting. The statistical differences within any two groups were used Student’s t test. Results CRART16 was upregulated in SW620/5-FU cells. Overexpression of CRART16 reduced the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU by attenuating apoptosis. In addition, CRART16 promoted 5-FU resistance by suppressing the expression of miR-193b-5p. Furthermore, CRART16 modulated the expression of HMGA2 by inhibiting miR-193b-5p and activated the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusions CRART16 confers 5-FU resistance in CRC cells through the CRART16/miR-193b-5p/HMGA2/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 17, Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangwen Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, NO. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng, Beijing, 100034, People's Republic of China.
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Liu L, Brown EN, Abu-Shahin FI. Capecitabine-induced leukoencephalopathy in a patient with triple-negative breast cancer: A case report and review of the literature. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2021; 28:703-709. [PMID: 34791927 DOI: 10.1177/10781552211056856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Capecitabine is an orally administered prodrug that converts preferentially to 5-fluorouracil within tumors, resulting in enhanced concentrations of 5-fluorouracil in tumor tissue. The use of capecitabine has shown efficacy in the metastatic setting for breast cancer, and more recently, efficacy as adjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Capecitabine has been shown to be well tolerated with minimal side effects, but the incidence of leukoencephalopathy is rare with a risk of less than one percent. CASE REPORT We report on a 34-year-old female patient with left TNBC, moderately differentiated, stage IIB that experienced symptoms of neurotoxicity following initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy with capecitabine. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME Naranjo Algorithm Assessment score of nine indicated patient had drug-induced leukoencephalopathy leading to discontinuation of capecitabine and resolution of the neurotoxicity symptoms. DISCUSSION Early detection of capecitabine-induced neurotoxicity by magnetic resonance imaging is crucial as symptoms may be reversible to the condition that capecitabine is immediately discontinued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Rangel College of Pharmacy, 2655Texas A&M University, Kingsville, TX, USA
| | - Erika N Brown
- Pharmacy Department, 23532 Houston Methodist Willowbrook Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fadi I Abu-Shahin
- Hematology/Oncology Department, 23532Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhang X, Li Q, Du A, Li Y, Shi Q, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wang B, Pan F. Adipocytic Glutamine Synthetase Upregulation via Altered Histone Methylation Promotes 5FU Chemoresistance in Peritoneal Carcinomatosis of Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:748730. [PMID: 34712612 PMCID: PMC8547656 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.748730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5FU) chemotherapy is a major handicap for sustained effective treatment in peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) of colorectal cancer (CRC). Metabolic reprogramming of adipocytes, a component of the tumor microenvironment and the main composition of peritoneum, plays a significant role in drug resistance of PC, with the mechanisms being not fully understood. By performing metabolomics analysis, we identified glutamine (Gln), an important amino acid, inducing resistance to 5FU-triggered tumor suppression of CRC-PC through activating mTOR pathway. Noteworthily, genetic overexpression of glutamine synthetase (GS) in adipocytes increased chemoresistance to 5FU in vitro and in vivo while this effect was reversed by pharmacological blockage of GS. Next, we showed that methionine metabolism were enhanced in amino acid omitted from CRC-PC of GS transgenic (TgGS) mice, increasing intracellular levels of S-carboxymethy-L-cys. Moreover, loss of dimethylation at lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3k4me2) was found in adipocytes in vitro, which may lead to increased expression of GS. Furthermore, biochemical inhibition of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) restored H3k4me2, thereby reducing GS-induced chemoresistance to 5FU. Our findings indicate that GS upregulation-induced excessive of Gln in adipocytes via altered histone methylation is potential mediator of resistance to 5FU chemotherapy in patients with CRC-PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Science and Education, The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Aibei Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Tongliang District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanrong Chen
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Department of Oncology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Goudar VS, Koduri MP, Ta YNN, Chen Y, Chu LA, Lu LS, Tseng FG. Impact of a Desmoplastic Tumor Microenvironment for Colon Cancer Drug Sensitivity: A Study with 3D Chimeric Tumor Spheroids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48478-48491. [PMID: 34633791 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c18249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture provides opportunities to model tumor growth closer to its natural context. The collagen network in the extracellular matrix supports autonomic tumor cell proliferation, but its presence and role in tumor spheroids remain unclear. In this research, we developed an in vitro 3D co-culture model in a microwell 3D (μ-well 3D) cell-culture array platform to mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME). The modular setup is used to characterize the paracrine signaling molecules and the role of the intraspheroidal collagen network in cancer drug resistance. The μ-well 3D platform is made up of poly(dimethylsiloxane) that contains 630 round wells for individual spheroid growth. Inside each well, the growth surface measured 500 μm in diameter and was functionalized with the amphiphilic copolymer. HCT-8 colon cancer cells and/or NIH3T3 fibroblasts were seeded in each well and incubated for up to 9 days for TME studies. It was observed that NIH3T3 cells promoted the kinetics of tumor organoid formation. The two types of cells self-organized into core-shell chimeric tumor spheroids (CTSs) with fibroblasts confined to the shell and cancer cells localized to the core. Confocal microscopy analysis indicated that a type-I collagen network developed inside the CTS along with increased TGF-β1 and α-SMA proteins. The results were correlated with a significantly increased stiffness in 3D co-cultured CTS up to 52 kPa as compared to two-dimensional (2D) co-culture. CTS was more resistant to 5-FU (IC50 = 14.0 ± 3.9 μM) and Regorafenib (IC50 = 49.8 ± 9.9 μM) compared to cells grown under the 2D condition 5-FU (IC50 = 12.2 ± 3.7 μM) and Regorafenib (IC50 = 5.9 ± 1.9 μM). Targeted collagen homeostasis with Sclerotiorin led to damaged collagen structure and disrupted the type-I collagen network within CTS. Such a treatment significantly sensitized collagen-supported CTS to 5-FU (IC50 = 4.4 ± 1.3 μM) and to Regorafenib (IC50 = 0.5 ± 0.2 μM). In summary, the efficient formation of colon cancer CTSs in a μ-well 3D culture platform allows exploration of the desmoplastic TME. The novel role of intratumor collagen quality as a drug sensitization target warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkanagouda S Goudar
- Department of Engineering and System Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Manohar Prasad Koduri
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Liverpool L693GH, U.K
| | - Yen-Nhi Ngoc Ta
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-An Chu
- Department of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Long-Sheng Lu
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ROC
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Li R, He C, Shen L, Wang S, Shen Y, Feng F, Zhang J, Zheng J. NDRG4 sensitizes CRC cells to 5-FU by upregulating DDIT3 expression. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:782. [PMID: 34594423 PMCID: PMC8456512 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has remained high in recent years, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a vital chemotherapeutic agent for its treatment. Our previous study reported that N-myc downstream-regulated gene 4 (NDRG4) plays a tumor-suppressive role in CRC, but the mechanisms associated with NDRG4 and 5-FU chemosensitivity remain unclear. The results of the present study demonstrate that NDRG4 sensitized CRC cells to 5-FU by upregulating DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3). NDRG4 inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells and the activation of PI3K/AKT and ERK signaling. Furthermore, NDRG4 promoted CRC cell apoptosis induced by 5-FU. Mechanistic analyses revealed that NDRG4 upregulated DDIT3 expression, and that the proapoptotic effect of NDRG4 under 5-FU treatment conditions was dependent on DDIT3. These findings support the biological value of the association between NDRG4, DDIT3 and 5-FU chemosensitivity in CRC, and may advance the clinical treatment of CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruikai Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Chenxiang He
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Yao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Jianyong Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Cui X, Ma S, Zhang H. Decreased expression of miR-3135b reduces sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer by direct repression of PIM1. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1151. [PMID: 34504596 PMCID: PMC8392875 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is the conventional treatment approach for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, de novo and acquired resistance to 5-FU are frequently observed during treatment, which eventually lead to patients succumbing to the disease. Accumulating data have revealed an association of CRC resistance to 5-FU with aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRs). In the present study, Cell Counting Kit-8 was performed to measure cell viability, flow cytometry was performed to detect cell apoptosis, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was conducted to measure proviral integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 (PIM1) and miR-3135b expression, western blotting was conducted to measure PIM1 expression. Microarray data analysis indicated that the level of miR-3135b expression was decreased in patients with recurrent CRC that were treated with 5-FU when compared with non-recurrent cases. Overexpression of miR-3135b increased the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU treatment. Moreover, PIM1 was identified as a target gene of miR-3135b using bioinformatics analysis, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The direct interaction between these two targets was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. Notably, PIM1 overexpression compensated the effect of miR-3135b in CRC cells. Furthermore, an inverse correlation between PIM1 mRNA expression levels and miR-3135b expression was observed in clinical samples. Therefore, the present study identified miR-3135b as a novel regulator of 5-FU sensitivity in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Science Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Shurong Ma
- Endoscopic Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Haishan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Li Y, Li M, Liu J, Zheng W, Zhang Y, Xu T, Gao B, Yu L. Chemical Composition Profiling and Biological Activities of Phenolic Compounds in Eleven Red Sorghums. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9407-9418. [PMID: 34369753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The profiles of soluble and insoluble phenolic compounds in 11 commercial red sorghums (B11, B12, B13, B14, J124, J127, J138, J140, J142, J152, and J158) were investigated using ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) analysis. A total of 48 phenolic compounds including 35 phenolic acids and their derivatives, 12 flavonoids, and 1 proanthocyanidin were identified, and 8 phenolic compounds were reported for the first time in sorghums. Four major 3-deoxyanthocyanidins were also quantified, with their soluble forms accounting for 99.75-99.87% of the total contents. Pearson's correlation analyses indicated that 3-deoxyanthocyanidins significantly contributed to the antioxidant capacities of the red sorghums and that 5-methoxy-luteolinidin showed the strongest correlation. Besides, the soluble phenolic fraction of B13 dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of Caco-2 cells and the secretion of IL-1β and NO in RAW264.7 macrophages, which might be attributed to its relatively high total phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), and proanthocyanidin content (TPAC) values and radical scavenging capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Li
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ming Li
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiaping Liu
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China
| | - Tongcheng Xu
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Deep Processing, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Boyan Gao
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Xu L, Cai P, Li X, Wu X, Gao J, Liu W, Yang J, Xu Q, Guo W, Gu Y. Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in myeloid-derived suppressor cells by andrographolide sulfonate contributes to 5-FU sensitization in mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 428:115672. [PMID: 34391754 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is the first-line recommended regimen in colorectal cancer (CRC), but resistance limits its clinical application. Andrographolide sulfonate, a traditional Chinese medicine, is mainly used to treat infectious diseases. In the present study, we reported that andrographolide sulfonate could significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted CT26 colon cancer in mice and improve survival when combined with 5-FU. Furthermore, TUNEL assay and immunohistochemistry analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki-67 and p-STAT3 confirmed that co-treatment could inhibit tumor proliferation and promote apoptosis. In tumor tissues of groups that received 5-FU and andrographolide sulfonate, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration was increased, and the expression of IFN-γ and Granzyme B detected by immunohistochemistry and qPCR was upregulated, reflecting improved antitumor immunity. Finally, we verified that 5-FU significantly activated the NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and that andrographolide sulfonate reversed this process to sensitize cells to 5-FU. In summary, andrographolide sulfonate synergistically enhanced antitumor effects and improved antitumor immunity by inhibiting 5-FU-induced NLRP3 activation in MDSCs. These findings provide a novel strategy to address 5-FU resistance in the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Xu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 2100029, China
| | - Peifen Cai
- The Jiangning Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 2100029, China
| | - Xiaohan Wu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 2100029, China
| | - Jian Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiashu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yanhong Gu
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Rehabilitation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 2100029, China.
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Cui Z, Li Y, He S, Wen F, Xu X, Lu L, Wu S. Key Candidate Genes - VSIG2 of Colon Cancer Identified by Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:5739-5750. [PMID: 34290531 PMCID: PMC8289327 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s316584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is one of the most common malignancies. To identify candidate genes that may be involved in colon adenocarcinoma development and progression, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to construct gene co-expression networks to explore associations between gene sets and clinical features and to identify candidate biomarkers. Moreover, we intend to make a preliminary exploration on it. Methods Gene expression profiles and clinical information were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas COAD database for analysis. The gene expression profiles of GSE106582 and GSE110224 were screened from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for verification. WGCNA analysis, functional pathway enrichment analysis, and prognosis analysis were performed on three databases. Target genes were selected from the key genes for experimental verification and research. Results Key genes obtained by WGCNA analysis were mainly enriched in key functions and pathways such as drug metabolism, steroid hormones, and retinol metabolism. A total of four prognostic genes were screened out: SELENBP1, NAT2, VSIG2, and CES2. VSIG2 was selected as the target gene for experimental verification, and its encoded protein was found to be mainly expressed in immune cells. Its expression was positively correlated with immune infiltration. Conclusions VSIG2 was shown to be associated with immune invasion and antigen presentation in COAD, suggesting it plays an important role in COAD development and progression. It could be used as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongze Cui
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang He
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Wen
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhen Lu
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhua Wu
- Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Xie P, Yuan FQ, Huang MS, Zhang W, Zhou HH, Li X, Liu ZQ. DCBLD2 Affects the Development of Colorectal Cancer via EMT and Angiogenesis and Modulates 5-FU Drug Resistance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:669285. [PMID: 34095137 PMCID: PMC8170045 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.669285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: DCBLD2 is highly expressed in various cancers, including colorectal cancer. DCBLD2 overexpression promotes tumor occurrence, development, and metastasis. However, DCBLD2 sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs and its mechanism on tumor development are unknown. Methods: DCBLD2 expression differences in cancer and normal tissues were obtained from GEO and TCGA databases. DCBLD2 influence on prognosis was also compared, and the database analysis results were verified via the analysis of clinical samples. GDSC database was used to analyze the effect of DCBLD2 expression difference on 5-FU drug sensitivity on tumor cells. CCK-8, clone formation, scratch, Transwell invasion and migration assays were used to assess DCBLD2 effects on the proliferation, metastasis, and 5-FU drug sensitivity on HCT116 and Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells. Angiogenesis and Matrigel plug assays were used to study the effect of DCBLD2 on angiogenesis. Q-RCR and Western Blot were used to analyze DCBLD2 impact on the EMT signaling pathway, and TAP-MS assay with Co-IP verification was used to identify the downstream target proteins binding to DCBLD2. Results: Both database and clinical sample validation results showed that the expression of DCBLD2 in colorectal cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, leading to poor prognosis of patients. GDSC database analysis showed that DCBLD2 overexpression caused tumor cell resistance to 5-FU. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the inhibition of DCBLD2 reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells, inhibited the angiogenesis of endothelial cells, and enhanced the drug sensitivity to 5-FU. The results of q-RCR and Western Blot experiments showed that the inhibition of DCBLD2 can suppress the EMT signal. The results of TAP-MS assay showed that the proteins bound to DCBLD2 were enriched to the Focal adhesion pathway. The results of Co-IP assay show that DCBLD2 can combine with ITGB1, the key factor of Focal adhesion pathway. Conclusion: DCBLD2 may affect the development of colorectal cancer by regulating cell proliferation and motility, and modulate 5-FU resistance. Down-regulation of DCBLD2 can inhibit EMT signal and angiogenesis. DCBLD2 can combine with ITGB1, the key signal factor of the Focal adhesion pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xie
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fu-Qiang Yuan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ma-Sha Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Micallef I, Baron B. The Mechanistic Roles of ncRNAs in Promoting and Supporting Chemoresistance of Colorectal Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:24. [PMID: 33807355 PMCID: PMC8103280 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies which has quite a high mortality rate. Despite the advances made in CRC treatment, effective therapy is still quite challenging, particularly due to resistance arising throughout the treatment regimen. Several studies have been carried out to identify CRC chemoresistance mechanisms, with research showing different signalling pathways, certain ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), among others to be responsible for the failure of CRC chemotherapies. In the last decade, it has become increasingly evident that certain non-coding RNA (ncRNA) families are involved in chemoresistance. Research investigations have demonstrated that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute towards promoting resistance in CRC via different mechanisms. Considering the currently available data on this phenomenon, a better understanding of how these ncRNAs participate in chemoresistance can lead to suitable solutions to overcome this problem in CRC. This review will first focus on discussing the different mechanisms of CRC resistance identified so far. The focus will then shift onto the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs in promoting 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin (OXA), cisplatin and doxorubicin (DOX) resistance in CRC, specifically using ncRNAs which have been recently identified and validated under in vivo or in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Byron Baron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD2080 Msida, Malta;
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Shuvalov O, Daks A, Fedorova O, Petukhov A, Barlev N. Linking Metabolic Reprogramming, Plasticity and Tumor Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040762. [PMID: 33673109 PMCID: PMC7917602 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the present review, we discuss the role of metabolic reprogramming which occurs in malignant cells. The process of metabolic reprogramming is also known as one of the “hallmarks of cancer”. Due to several reasons, including the origin of cancer, tumor microenvironment, and the tumor progression stage, metabolic reprogramming can be heterogeneous and dynamic. In this review, we provide evidence that the usage of metabolic drugs is a promising approach to treat cancer. However, because these drugs can damage not only malignant cells but also normal rapidly dividing cells, it is important to understand the exact metabolic changes which are elicited by particular drivers in concrete tissue and are specific for each stage of cancer development, including metastases. Finally, the review highlights new promising targets for the development of new metabolic drugs. Abstract The specific molecular features of cancer cells that distinguish them from the normal ones are denoted as “hallmarks of cancer”. One of the critical hallmarks of cancer is an altered metabolism which provides tumor cells with energy and structural resources necessary for rapid proliferation. The key feature of a cancer-reprogrammed metabolism is its plasticity, allowing cancer cells to better adapt to various conditions and to oppose different therapies. Furthermore, the alterations of metabolic pathways in malignant cells are heterogeneous and are defined by several factors including the tissue of origin, driving mutations, and microenvironment. In the present review, we discuss the key features of metabolic reprogramming and plasticity associated with different stages of tumor, from primary tumors to metastases. We also provide evidence of the successful usage of metabolic drugs in anticancer therapy. Finally, we highlight new promising targets for the development of new metabolic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Shuvalov
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexandra Daks
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Olga Fedorova
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexey Petukhov
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
- Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341 St-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nickolai Barlev
- Institute of Cytology RAS, 194064 St-Petersburg, Russia; (O.S.); (A.D.); (O.F.); (A.P.)
- MIPT, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia
- Orekhovich IBMC, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-812-297-4519
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Mao C, Zeng X, Zhang C, Yang Y, Xiao X, Luan S, Zhang Y, Yuan Y. Mechanisms of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Drug Resistance in Esophageal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:612451. [PMID: 33644048 PMCID: PMC7905099 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.612451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical therapies are essential for esophageal cancer (EC). For the advanced EC, the neoadjuvant therapy regimen, including chemotherapy plus radiotherapy and/or immunotherapy, is effective to achieve clinical benefit, even pathological complete response. For the unresectable, recurrent, and metastatic EC, the pharmaceutical therapy is the limited effective regimen to alleviate the disease and prolong the progression-free survival and overall survival. In this review, we focus on the pharmaceutical applications in EC treatment including cytotoxic agents, molecular targeted antibodies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The chemotherapy regimen is based on cytotoxic agents such as platinum-based complexes, fluorinated pyrimidines and taxenes. Although the cytotoxic agents have been developed in past decades, the standard chemotherapy regimen is still the cisplatin and 5-FU or paclitaxel because the derived drugs have no significant advantages of overcoming the shortcomings of side effects and drug resistance. The targeted molecular therapy is an essential supplement for chemotherapy; however, there are only a few targeted therapies available in clinical practice. Trastuzumab and ramucirumab are the only two molecular therapy drugs which are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat advanced and/or metastatic EC. Although the targeted therapy usually achieves effective benefits in the early stage therapy of EC, the patients will always develop drug resistance during treatment. ICIs have had a significant impact on routine clinical practice in cancer treatment. The anti-programmed cell death-1 monoclonal antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab, as the ICIs, are recommended for advanced EC by several clinical trials. However, the significant issues of pharmaceutical treatment are still the dose-limiting side effects and primary or secondary drug resistance. These defects of pharmaceutical therapy restrain the clinical application and diminish the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Luan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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