1
|
Hwang S, Suk JW, Meffert H, Lerdahl A, Garvey WF, Edwards R, Delizza A, Soltis-Vaughan B, Cordts K, Leibenluft E, Blair RJR. Neural Responses to Intranasal Oxytocin in Youths With Severe Irritability. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:291-298. [PMID: 38419495 PMCID: PMC10984767 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors investigated the neural impact of intranasal oxytocin on emotion processing areas in youths with severe irritability in the context of disruptive mood and behavior disorders. METHODS Fifty-two participants with severe irritability, as measured by a score ≥4 on the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI), with diagnoses of disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) and/or disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) were randomly assigned to treatment with intranasal oxytocin or placebo daily for 3 weeks. Assessments were conducted at baseline and at the end of the trial; the primary outcomes were measures of irritability on the ARI and ratings on the Clinical Global Impressions severity scale (CGI-S) focusing on DBD and DMDD symptoms, and secondary outcomes included the CGI improvement scale (CGI-I) and ratings of proactive and reactive aggressive behavior on the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Forty-three participants (22 in the oxytocin group and 21 in the placebo group) completed pre- and posttreatment functional MRI (fMRI) scans with the affective Stroop task. RESULTS Youths who received oxytocin showed significant improvement in CGI-S and CGI-I ratings compared with those who received placebo. In the fMRI data, blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) responses to emotional stimuli in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex were significantly reduced after oxytocin compared with placebo. These BOLD response changes were correlated with improvement in clinical severity. CONCLUSIONS This study provides initial and preliminary evidence that intranasal oxytocin may induce neural-level changes in emotion processing in youths with irritability in the context of DBDs and DMDD. This may lead to symptom and severity changes in irritability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soonjo Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Ji-Woo Suk
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Harma Meffert
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Arica Lerdahl
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - William F Garvey
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Ryan Edwards
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Alison Delizza
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Brigette Soltis-Vaughan
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Katrina Cordts
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - Ellen Leibenluft
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| | - R J R Blair
- Department of Psychiatry (Hwang, Lerdahl, Edwards), Department of Psychology (Delizza), and Department of Neurological Sciences (Soltis-Vaughan, Cordts), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha; Digital Health Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea (Suk); Slimmer AI, Groningen, the Netherlands (Meffert); Cognitive Ability and Plasticity Lab, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K. (Garvey); Section on Mood Dysregulation and Neuroscience, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Leibenluft); Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen (Blair)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Schön M, Pablo L, Julián N, Mattina T, Gunnarsson C, Hadzsiev K, Verpelli C, Bourgeron T, Sarah J, van Ravenswaaij-Arts CMA, Hennekam RC. Definition and clinical variability of SHANK3-related Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104754. [PMID: 37003575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS) is an infrequently described syndrome that presents with a disturbed development, neurological and psychiatric characteristics, and sometimes other comorbidities. As part of the development of European medical guidelines we studied the definition, phenotype, genotype-phenotype characteristics, and natural history of the syndrome. The number of confirmed diagnoses of PMS in different European countries was also assessed and it could be concluded that PMS is underdiagnosed. The incidence of PMS in European countries is estimated to be at least 1 in 30,000. Next generation sequencing, including analysis of copy number variations, as first tier in diagnostics of individuals with intellectual disability will likely yield a larger number of individuals with PMS than presently known. A definition of PMS by its phenotype is at the present not possible, and therefore PMS-SHANK3 related is defined by the presence of SHANK3 haploinsufficiency, either by a deletion involving region 22q13.2-33 or a pathogenic/likely pathogenic variant in SHANK3. In summarizing the phenotype, we subdivided it into that of individuals with a 22q13 deletion and that of those with a pathogenic/likely pathogenic SHANK3 variant. The phenotype of individuals with PMS is variable, depending in part on the deletion size or, whether only a variant of SHANK3 is present. The core phenotype in the domains development, neurology, and senses are similar in those with deletions and SHANK3 variants, but individuals with a SHANK3 variant more often are reported to have behavioural disorders and less often urogenital malformations and lymphedema. The behavioural disorders may, however, be a less outstanding feature in individuals with deletions accompanied by more severe intellectual disability. Data available on the natural history are limited. Results of clinical trials using insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1), intranasal insulin, and oxytocin are available, other trials are in progress. The present guidelines for PMS aim at offering tools to caregivers and families to provide optimal care to individuals with PMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schön
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Germany.
| | - Lapunzina Pablo
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII; ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nevado Julián
- Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular (INGEMM)-IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, ISCIII; ITHACA-European Reference Network, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Mattina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gunnarsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Centre for Rare Diseases in South East Region of Sweden, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Kinga Hadzsiev
- Department of Medical Genetics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Thomas Bourgeron
- Génétique Humaine et Fonctions Cognitives, Institut Pasteur, UMR3571 CNRS, Université de Paris Cité, IUF, 75015, Paris, France
| | - Jesse Sarah
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, Germany
| | | | - Raoul C Hennekam
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The effect of oxytocin nasal spray on social interaction in young children with autism: a randomized clinical trial. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:834-842. [PMID: 36302965 PMCID: PMC9607840 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Early supports to enhance social development in children with autism are widely promoted. While oxytocin has a crucial role in mammalian social development, its potential role as a medication to enhance social development in humans remains unclear. We investigated the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of intranasal oxytocin in young children with autism using a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, following a placebo lead-in phase. A total of 87 children (aged between 3 and 12 years) with autism received 16 International Units (IU) of oxytocin (n = 45) or placebo (n = 42) nasal spray, morning and night (32 IU per day) for twelve weeks, following a 3-week placebo lead-in phase. Overall, there was no effect of oxytocin treatment over time on the caregiver-rated Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS-2) (p = 0.686). However, a significant interaction with age (p = 0.028) showed that for younger children, aged 3-5 years, there was some indication of a treatment effect. Younger children who received oxytocin showed improvement on caregiver-rated social responsiveness ( SRS-2). There was no other evidence of benefit in the sample as a whole, or in the younger age group, on the clinician-rated Clinical Global Improvement Scale (CGI-S), or any secondary measure. Importantly, placebo effects in the lead-in phase were evident and there was support for washout of the placebo response in the randomised phase. Oxytocin was well tolerated, with more adverse side effects reported in the placebo group. This study suggests the need for further clinical trials to test the benefits of oxytocin treatment in younger populations with autism.Trial registration www.anzctr.org.au (ACTRN12617000441314).
Collapse
|
4
|
Serum oxytocin levels in adolescents with conduct disorder associated with callous-unemotional traits. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Conduct disorder (CD) is a serious and common psychiatric disorder affecting children and adolescents. “Callous-unemotional traits” is a new specifier added to the diagnosis of CD in the DSM-5. The new specifier is thought to be associated with more severity and higher genetic load. Oxytocin is known to be related to interpersonal sympathy and social affection, and so its deficiency might be related to unemotionality. This work aims to explore the levels of serum oxytocin in adolescents with CD associated with callous-unemotional (CU) traits as compared to healthy control subjects. Twenty patients aged 12–18 years and 20 controls of the same age range were recruited. An Arabic-translated and validated version of Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for kids (MINI-kid) was used to confirm the diagnosis. The Youth Psychopathic Inventory-short version (YPI-short version) and the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits (ICU), both parent and self-reports, were all translated into Arabic and validated by the authors and used to evaluate the sample. Evaluation of serum oxytocin level using ELISA technique was done.
Results
After statistical adjustment for differences in socioeconomic status, an adolescent with CD associated with CU traits showed low levels of serum oxytocin level as compared with the control group. Serum oxytocin levels were negatively correlated in a statistically significant degree with the unemotional, the callousness, and the uncaring subscores of ICU—self-report.
Conclusions
Low levels of serum oxytocin might play a potential role as a biomarker for CU traits and CD severity in adolescents with CD.
Collapse
|
5
|
Quintana DS. Towards better hypothesis tests in oxytocin research: Evaluating the validity of auxiliary assumptions. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 137:105642. [PMID: 34991063 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Various factors have been attributed to the inconsistent reproducibility of human oxytocin research in the cognitive and behavioral sciences. These factors include small sample sizes, a lack of pre-registered studies, and the absence of overarching theoretical frameworks that can account for oxytocin's effects over a broad range of contexts. While there have been efforts to remedy these issues, there has been very little systematic scrutiny of the role of auxiliary assumptions, which are claims that are not central for testing a hypothesis but nonetheless critical for testing theories. For instance, the hypothesis that oxytocin increases the salience of social cues is predicated on the assumption that intranasally administered oxytocin increases oxytocin levels in the brain. Without robust auxiliary assumptions, it is unclear whether a hypothesis testing failure is due to an incorrect hypothesis or poorly supported auxiliary assumptions. Consequently, poorly supported auxiliary assumptions can be blamed for hypothesis failure, thereby safeguarding theories from falsification. In this article, I will evaluate the body of evidence for key auxiliary assumptions in human behavioral oxytocin research in terms of theory, experimental design, and statistical inference, and highlight assumptions that require stronger evidence. Strong auxiliary assumptions will leave hypotheses vulnerable for falsification, which will improve hypothesis testing and consequently advance our understanding of oxytocin's role in cognition and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Quintana
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gigliucci V, Teutsch J, Woodbury-Smith M, Luoni M, Busnelli M, Chini B, Banerjee A. Region-Specific KCC2 Rescue by rhIGF-1 and Oxytocin in a Mouse Model of Rett Syndrome. Cereb Cortex 2021; 32:2885-2894. [PMID: 34791112 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rett syndrome (RTT) is characterized by dysfunction in neuronal excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, potentially impacting seizure susceptibility via deficits in K+/Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2) function. Mice lacking the Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) recapitulate many symptoms of RTT, and recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) restores KCC2 expression and E/I balance in MeCP2 KO mice. However, clinical trial outcomes of rhIGF-1 in RTT have been variable, and increasing its therapeutic efficacy is highly desirable. To this end, the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) is promising, as it also critically modulates KCC2 function during early postnatal development. We measured basal KCC2 expression levels in MeCP2 KO mice and identified 3 key frontal brain regions showing KCC2 alterations in young adult mice, but not in postnatal P10 animals. We hypothesized that deficits in an IGF-1/OXT signaling crosstalk modulating KCC2 may occur in RTT during postnatal development. Consistently, we detected alterations of IGF-1 receptor and OXT receptor levels in those brain areas. rhIGF-1 and OXT treatments in KO mice rescued KCC2 expression in a region-specific and complementary manner. These results suggest that region-selective combinatorial pharmacotherapeutic strategies could be most effective at normalizing E/I balance in key brain regions subtending the RTT pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jasper Teutsch
- Neuroscience Theme, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Woodbury-Smith
- Neuroscience Theme, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Mirko Luoni
- Stem Cells and Neurogenesis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Busnelli
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Milan, Italy.,NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Bice Chini
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR, Milan, Italy.,NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Abhishek Banerjee
- Neuroscience Theme, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.,Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Raymond JS, Rehn S, Hoyos CM, Bowen MT. The influence of oxytocin-based interventions on sleep-wake and sleep-related behaviour and neurobiology: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:1005-1026. [PMID: 34673110 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The oxytocin (OXT) system has garnered considerable interest due to its influence on diverse behaviours. However, scant research has considered the influence of oxytocin on sleep-wake and sleep-related behaviour and neurobiology. Consequently, the objective of this systematic review was to assess the extant preclinical and clinical evidence for the influence of oxytocin-based interventions on sleep-wake outcomes. The primary search was conducted on 22/7/2020 using six electronic databases; 30 studies (19 preclinical, 11 clinical) were included based on inclusion criteria. Studies were evaluated for risk of bias using the SYRCLE tool and the Cochrane risk of bias tools for preclinical and clinical studies, respectively. Results indicated manipulation of the OXT system can influence sleep-wake outcomes. Preclinical evidence suggests a wake-promoting influence of OXT system activation whereas the clinical evidence suggests little or no sleep-promoting influence of OXT. OXT dose was identified as a likely modulatory factor of OXT-induced effects on sleep-wake behaviour. Future studies are necessary to validate and strengthen these tentative conclusions about the influence of OXT on sleep-wake behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel S Raymond
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone Rehn
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Camilla M Hoyos
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Sleep and Chronobiology, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael T Bowen
- The University of Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; The University of Sydney, Brain and Mind Centre, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang M, Liu K, Wei Z, Feng Z, Chen J, Yang J, Zhong Q, Wan G, Kong XJ. Serum Oxytocin Level Correlates With Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:721884. [PMID: 34658767 PMCID: PMC8517432 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.721884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the levels of serum oxytocin (OT) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and explore the association between OT levels and gut microbiota relative abundances, we recruited 39 children with ASD children-mother dyads and 44 healthy controls. Serum OT levels were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gut microbiota abundances were determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. We found that the OT level of ASD was lower than the healthy control group overall (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we present preliminary evidence of gut microbiome dysbiosis observed among children with ASD to lower levels of OT based on correlational analysis between serum OT and specific gut microbiota abundances (P < 0.05). We also found sex-related differences in serum OT levels and GIS index (P < 0.05). However, the generalizability of findings relevant to females with ASD require further validation in future studies involving larger sample sizes and balanced sex distributions due to the small number of females involved in this study. Nonetheless, these new findings further our understanding of the effects of low serum OT levels among individuals with ASD, which provides preliminary evidence in hopes of guiding future study design or mechanistic studies. The findings of the present study may be suggestive of potential ASD subtypes based on ASD severity and gut microbiome composition that may facilitate the prediction of the therapeutic responses of OT among those with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minshi Huang
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kevin Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Zhen Wei
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhe Feng
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jierong Chen
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Zhong
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guobin Wan
- Department of Child Psychology and Rehabilitation, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xue-Jun Kong
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rung JM, Horta M, Tammi EM, Perez E, Ojeda MC, Lin T, Harris G, Somerville J, Salmeron D, Beltz SE, Sandesara B, Feifel D, Ebner NC. Safety and tolerability of chronic intranasal oxytocin in older men: results from a randomized controlled trial. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:2405-2418. [PMID: 33982141 PMCID: PMC8115997 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Most studies evaluating the safety and tolerability of intranasal oxytocin (OT) have not reported consistent adverse events (AEs), but they have largely focused on young men and single-dose administration. Thus, it is unclear whether these findings translate to older individuals and with longer administration periods. OBJECTIVE Extending previous work, this study investigated the safety and tolerability of chronic intranasal OT in generally healthy older men. METHODS Data were from a randomized, placebo (P)-controlled, double-blind clinical trial evaluating the effects of 4 weeks of self-administered intranasal OT (24 IU twice daily) in older adults with no major physical or cognitive impairments. Heart rate, blood pressure, urine osmolality, and serum metabolic biomarkers were obtained before and at the end of the intervention. AEs were collected during the first 3 weeks and 1 week after cessation of treatment. RESULTS Of 103 participants recruited, 95 were randomized and received the intervention (OT = 49, P = 46). OT had no significant impact on cardiovascular, urine, or serum measures. The AEs reported for both treatments were generally mild and few in number, though one participant assigned to OT and two assigned to P dropped out due to AEs. Relative to P, OT did not significantly increase the likelihood of reporting AEs, nor the number or severity of AEs reported. CONCLUSION Chronic intranasal OT appears safe and well-tolerated in generally healthy older men. These findings provide support for continued human research on potential benefits of chronic OT in older adult populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jillian M Rung
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| | - Marilyn Horta
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Erin M Tammi
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Eliany Perez
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Marite C Ojeda
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Tian Lin
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Griffin Harris
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jessie Somerville
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Dinia Salmeron
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Susan E Beltz
- Investigational Drug Service, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bhanuprasad Sandesara
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David Feifel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Natalie C Ebner
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, P.O. Box 112250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Institute on Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Keller LA, Merkel O, Popp A. Intranasal drug delivery: opportunities and toxicologic challenges during drug development. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:735-757. [PMID: 33491126 PMCID: PMC7829061 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, the interest in intranasal drug delivery in pharmaceutical R&D has increased. This review article summarises information on intranasal administration for local and systemic delivery, as well as for CNS indications. Nasal delivery offers many advantages over standard systemic delivery systems, such as its non-invasive character, a fast onset of action and in many cases reduced side effects due to a more targeted delivery. There are still formulation limitations and toxicological aspects to be optimised. Intranasal drug delivery in the field of drug development is an interesting delivery route for the treatment of neurological disorders. Systemic approaches often fail to efficiently supply the CNS with drugs. This review paper describes the anatomical, histological and physiological basis and summarises currently approved drugs for administration via intranasal delivery. Further, the review focuses on toxicological considerations of intranasally applied compounds and discusses formulation aspects that need to be considered for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lea-Adriana Keller
- Preclinical Safety, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Olivia Merkel
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81337 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Popp
- Preclinical Safety, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Knollstrasse, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meusel M, Herrmann M, Machleidt F, Franzen K, Vonthein R, Sayk F. Intranasal oxytocin has sympathoexcitatory effects on vascular tone in healthy males. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 320:R162-R172. [PMID: 33296278 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00062.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin appears to be involved in the neuroendocrine regulation of sympathetic blood pressure (BP) homeostasis. In animals, intracerebral administration of oxytocin induces BP-relevant sympathetic activation. In humans, central nervous effects of oxytocin on BP regulation remain unclear. Intranasal administration supposedly delivers oligopeptides such as oxytocin directly to the brain. We investigated the effects of intranasal oxytocin on sympathetic vascular baroreflex function in humans using microneurographic techniques. In a balanced, double-blind crossover design, oxytocin or placebo was administered intranasally to 12 lean, healthy males (age 25 ± 4 yr). Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was assessed microneurographically before (presubstance), 30-45 min (postsubstance I), and 105-120 min (postsubstance II) after oxytocin administration. Baroreflex was challenged via graded infusions of vasoactive drugs, and correlation of BP with MSNA and heart rate (HR) defined baroreflex function. Experiments were conducted in the afternoon after a 5-h fasting period. After oxytocin, resting MSNA (burst rate and total activity) showed significant net increases from pre to postsubstance II compared with placebo [Δincrease = +4.3 ± 1.2 (oxytocin) vs. +2.2 ± 1.4 bursts/min (placebo), ANOVA; P < 0.05; total activity = 184 ± 11.5% (oxytocin) vs. 121 ± 14.3% (placebo), ANOVA; P = 0.01). This was combined with a small but significant net increase in resting diastolic BP, whereas systolic and mean arterial BP or HR as well as baroreflex sensitivity at vasoactive drug challenge were not altered. Intranasally administered oxytocin induced vasoconstrictory sympathoactivation in healthy male humans. The concomitant increase of diastolic BP was most likely attributable to increased vascular tone. This suggests oxytocin-mediated upward resetting of the vascular baroreflex set point at centers superordinate to the mere baroreflex-feedback loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Meusel
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Heart Center Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - M Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Heart Center Luebeck, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - F Machleidt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - K Franzen
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - R Vonthein
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - F Sayk
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Stadler B, Whittaker MR, Exintaris B, Middendorff R. Oxytocin in the Male Reproductive Tract; The Therapeutic Potential of Oxytocin-Agonists and-Antagonists. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:565731. [PMID: 33193084 PMCID: PMC7642622 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.565731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, the role of oxytocin and oxytocin-like agents (acting via the oxytocin receptor and belonging to the oxytocin-family) in the male reproductive tract is considered. Previous research (dating back over 60 years) is revised and connected with recently found aspects of the role oxytocin plays in male reproductive health. The local expression of oxytocin and its receptor in the male reproductive tract of different species is summarized. Colocalization and possible crosstalk to other agents and receptors and their resulting effects are discussed. The role of the newly reported oxytocin focused signaling pathways in the male reproductive tract, other than mediating contractility, is critically examined. The structure and effect of the most promising oxytocin-agonists and -antagonists are reviewed for their potential in treating male disorders with origins in the male reproductive tract such as prostate diseases and ejaculatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Stadler
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Michael R. Whittaker
- Drug Discovery Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Betty Exintaris
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ralf Middendorff
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
McKay EC, Counts SE. Oxytocin Receptor Signaling in Vascular Function and Stroke. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:574499. [PMID: 33071746 PMCID: PMC7544744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.574499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is a G protein-coupled receptor with a diverse repertoire of intracellular signaling pathways, which are activated in response to binding oxytocin (OXT) and a similar nonapeptide, vasopressin. This review summarizes the cell and molecular biology of the OXTR and its downstream signaling cascades, particularly focusing on the vasoactive functions of OXTR signaling in humans and animal models, as well as the clinical applications of OXTR targeting cerebrovascular accidents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin C McKay
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hovey D, Martens L, Laeng B, Leknes S, Westberg L. The effect of intranasal oxytocin on visual processing and salience of human faces. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:318. [PMID: 32951002 PMCID: PMC7502073 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00991-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the role of oxytocin (OT) as a regulator of social behavior in mammals are only partly understood. Recently, it has been proposed that OT increases the salience of social stimuli. We carried out a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study of the effects of OT on binocular rivalry, a visual phenomenon underpinned by the interplay of excitation and inhibition in the cortex. A final sample of 45 participants viewed images of social stimuli (faces with different emotional expressions) and non-social stimuli (houses and Gabor patches). We demonstrate a robust effect that intranasal OT increases the salience of human faces in binocular rivalry, such that dominance durations of faces are longer-this effect is not modulated by the facial expression. We tentatively show that OT treatment increases dominance durations for non-social stimuli. Our results lend support to the social salience hypothesis of OT, and in addition offer provisional support for the role of OT in influencing excitation-inhibition balance in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hovey
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Louise Martens
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ,grid.419501.80000 0001 2183 0052Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bruno Laeng
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway ,RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siri Leknes
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Westberg
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nichols P, Carter B, Han J, Thaker V. Oxytocin for treating Prader-Willi Syndrome. Hippokratia 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Presley Nichols
- Department of Pediatrics; New York Presbyterian Hospital - Columbia; New York USA
| | - Ben Carter
- Biostatistics and Health Informatics; King's College London; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience; London UK
| | - Joan Han
- Department of Pediatrics; The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis TN USA
| | - Vidhu Thaker
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Department of Pediatrics; Columbia University Medical Center; New York NY USA
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology; Columbia University Irving Medical Center; New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Martins D, Davies C, De Micheli A, Oliver D, Krawczun-Rygmaczewska A, Fusar-Poli P, Paloyelis Y. Intranasal oxytocin increases heart-rate variability in men at clinical high risk for psychosis: a proof-of-concept study. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:227. [PMID: 32655132 PMCID: PMC7354990 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction (i.e., increased sympathetic and/or decreased parasympathetic activity) has been proposed to contribute to psychosis vulnerability. Yet, we still lack directed therapeutic strategies that improve ANS regulation in psychosis or at-risk states. The oxytocin system constitutes a potential therapeutic target, given its role in ANS regulation. However, whether intranasal oxytocin ameliorates autonomic regulation during emerging psychosis is currently unknown. We pooled together two datasets, one of 30 men at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), and another of 17 healthy men, who had participated in two double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised, crossover MRI studies with similar protocols. All participants self-administered 40 IU of intranasal oxytocin or placebo using a nasal spray. We recorded pulse plethysmography during a period of 8 min at about 1 h post dosing and estimated heart rate (HR) and high-frequency HR variability (HF-HRV), an index of cardio-parasympathetic activity. CHR-P and healthy men did not differ at resting HR or HF-HRV under placebo. We found a significant condition × treatment effect for HF-HRV, showing that intranasal oxytocin, compared with placebo, increased HF-HRV in CHR-P but not in healthy men. The main effects of treatment and condition were not significant. In this proof-of-concept study, we show that intranasal oxytocin increases cardio-parasympathetic activity in CHR-P men, highlighting its therapeutic potential to improve autonomic regulation in this clinical group. Our findings support the need for further research on the preventive and therapeutic potential of intranasal oxytocin during emerging psychosis, where we lack effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Martins
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Cathy Davies
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andrea De Micheli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Dominic Oliver
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Alicja Krawczun-Rygmaczewska
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions & Clinical detection (EPIC) lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- OASIS Service, South London and the Maudsley NHS National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Yannis Paloyelis
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fragkaki I, Glennon JC, Cima M. Salivary oxytocin after oxytocin administration: Examining the moderating role of childhood trauma. Biol Psychol 2020; 154:107903. [PMID: 32442673 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although oxytocin administration influences behavior, its effects on peripheral oxytocin concentrations are mixed and derived from studies on healthy subjects. Additionally, trauma attenuates the behavioral effects of oxytocin, but it is unknown whether it also influences its effect on peripheral circulation. This study examined whether salivary oxytocin increased after oxytocin administration and whether trauma attenuated this effect. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects study in 100 male adolescents living in residential youth care facilities. Participants self-administered intranasally 24 IU of oxytocin and placebo (one week later) and provided a saliva sample before and 15 min after administration. Salivary oxytocin increased significantly after oxytocin administration, but this effect might be inflated by exogenous oxytocin reaching the throat. Trauma did not moderate this effect. Our findings suggest that trauma did not attenuate the effect of oxytocin administration on salivary oxytocin, but more robust methodologies are recommended to draw more solid conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iro Fragkaki
- Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike Cima
- Radboud University, Behavioural Science Institute, Montessorilaan 3, 6525 HR, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luyten P, Campbell C, Allison E, Fonagy P. The Mentalizing Approach to Psychopathology: State of the Art and Future Directions. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2020; 16:297-325. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-071919-015355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mentalizing is the capacity to understand others and oneself in terms of internal mental states. It is assumed to be underpinned by four dimensions: automatic–controlled, internally–externally focused, self–other, and cognitive–affective. Research suggests that mental disorders are associated with different imbalances in these dimensions. Addressing the quality of mentalizing as part of psychosocial treatments may benefit individuals with various mental disorders. We suggest that mentalizing is a helpful transtheoretical and transdiagnostic concept to explain vulnerability to psychopathology and its treatment. This review summarizes the mentalizing approach to psychopathology from a developmental socioecological evolutionary perspective. We then focus on the application of the mentalizing approach to personality disorders, and we review studies that have extended this approach to other types of psychopathology, including depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. We summarize core principles of mentalization-based treatments and preventive interventions and the evidence for their effectiveness. We conclude with recommendations for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Luyten
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Campbell
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Allison
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McCormack SE, Blevins JE, Lawson EA. Metabolic Effects of Oxytocin. Endocr Rev 2020; 41:5658523. [PMID: 31803919 PMCID: PMC7012298 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that oxytocin (OXT), a hypothalamic hormone well recognized for its effects in inducing parturition and lactation, has important metabolic effects in both sexes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the physiologic effects of OXT on metabolism and to explore its therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders. In model systems, OXT promotes weight loss by decreasing energy intake. Pair-feeding studies suggest that OXT-induced weight loss may also be partly due to increased energy expenditure and/or lipolysis. In humans, OXT appears to modulate both homeostatic and reward-driven food intake, although the observed response depends on nutrient milieu (eg, obese vs. nonobese), clinical characteristics (eg, sex), and experimental paradigm. In animal models, OXT is anabolic to muscle and bone, which is consistent with OXT-induced weight loss occurring primarily via fat loss. In some human observational studies, circulating OXT concentrations are also positively associated with lean mass and bone mineral density. The impact of exogenous OXT on human obesity is the focus of ongoing investigation. Future randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials in humans should include rigorous, standardized, and detailed assessments of adherence, adverse effects, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, and efficacy in the diverse populations that may benefit from OXT, in particular those in whom hypothalamic OXT signaling may be abnormal or impaired (eg, individuals with Sim1 deficiency, Prader-Willi syndrome, or craniopharyngioma). Future studies will also have the opportunity to investigate the characteristics of new OXT mimetic peptides and the obligation to consider long-term effects, especially when OXT is given to children and adolescents. (Endocrine Reviews XX: XX - XX, 2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shana E McCormack
- Neuroendocrine Center, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James E Blevins
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, Washington.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elizabeth A Lawson
- Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Verhees MWFT, van IJzendoorn MH, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Ceulemans E, de Winter S, Santens T, Alaerts K, Casteels K, Salemink E, Verhaeghe J, Bosmans G. Combining oxytocin and cognitive bias modification training in a randomized controlled trial: Effects on trust in maternal support. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2020; 66:101514. [PMID: 31610435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2019.101514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Research on the social effects of intranasal oxytocin in children is scarce. Oxytocin has been proposed to have clearer beneficial effects when added to social learning paradigms. The current study tested this proposition in middle childhood by assessing effects of cognitive bias modification (CBM) training and oxytocin on trust in maternal support. METHODS Children (N = 100, 8-12 years) were randomly assigned to one of two training conditions: CBM training aimed at increasing trust or neutral placebo training. Within each training condition, half the participants received oxytocin and half a placebo. Main and interaction effects were assessed on measures of trust-related interpretation bias and trust. We explored whether child characteristics moderated intervention effects. RESULTS Children in the CBM training were faster to interpret maternal behaviour securely versus insecurely. Effects did not generalize to interpretation bias measures or trust. There were no main or interaction effects of oxytocin. Exploratory moderation analyses indicated that combining CBM training with oxytocin had less positive effects on trust for children with more internalizing problems. LIMITATIONS As this was the first study combining CBM and oxytocin, replication of the results is needed. CONCLUSIONS This study combined a social learning paradigm with oxytocin in children. CBM training was effective at an automatic level of processing. Oxytocin did not enhance CBM effects or independently exert effects. Research in larger samples specifying when oxytocin might have beneficial effects is necessary before oxytocin can be used as intervention option in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Primary Care Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Eva Ceulemans
- Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon de Winter
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tara Santens
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaat Alaerts
- Research Group for Neuromotor Rehabilitation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristina Casteels
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elske Salemink
- Department of Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Verhaeghe
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bosmans
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Clinical Psychology Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mahmuda NA, Yokoyama S, Munesue T, Hayashi K, Yagi K, Tsuji C, Higashida H. One Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of the TRPM2 Channel Gene Identified as a Risk Factor in Bipolar Disorder Associates with Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Japanese Population. Diseases 2020; 8:diseases8010004. [PMID: 32046066 PMCID: PMC7151227 DOI: 10.3390/diseases8010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) is a non-specific cation channel, resulting in Ca2+ influx at warm temperatures from 34 °C to 47 °C, thus including the body temperature range in mammals. TRPM2 channels are activated by β-NAD+, ADP-ribose (ADPR), cyclic ADPR, and 2′-deoxyadenosine 5′-diphosphoribose. It has been shown that TRPM2 cation channels and CD38, a type II or type III transmembrane protein with ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity, simultaneously play a role in heat-sensitive and NAD+ metabolite-dependent intracellular free Ca2+ concentration increases in hypothalamic oxytocinergic neurons. Subsequently, oxytocin (OT) is released to the brain. Impairment of OT release may induce social amnesia, one of the core symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The risk of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and variants of TRPM2 have been reported in bipolar disorder, but not in ASD. Therefore, it is reasonable to examine whether SNPs or haplotypes in TRPM2 are associated with ASD. Here, we report a case-control study with 147 ASD patients and 150 unselected volunteers at Kanazawa University Hospital in Japan. The sequence-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction method together with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy was applied. Of 14 SNPs examined, one SNP (rs933151) displayed a significant p-value (OR = 0.1798, 95% CI = 0.039, 0.83; Fisher’s exact test; p = 0.0196). The present research data suggest that rs93315, identified as a risk factor for bipolar disorder, is a possible association factor for ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naila Al Mahmuda
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan; (N.A.M.); (S.Y.); (T.M.); (C.T.)
- Faculty of Business Administration, Eastern University, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Shigeru Yokoyama
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan; (N.A.M.); (S.Y.); (T.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Toshio Munesue
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan; (N.A.M.); (S.Y.); (T.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Kenshi Hayashi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (K.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kunimasa Yagi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan; (K.H.); (K.Y.)
| | - Chiharu Tsuji
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan; (N.A.M.); (S.Y.); (T.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Haruhiro Higashida
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition and Memory, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan; (N.A.M.); (S.Y.); (T.M.); (C.T.)
- Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasentsky, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Duerrauer L, Muratspahić E, Gattringer J, Keov P, Mendel HC, Pfleger KDG, Muttenthaler M, Gruber CW. I8-arachnotocin-an arthropod-derived G protein-biased ligand of the human vasopressin V 2 receptor. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19295. [PMID: 31848378 PMCID: PMC6917733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP) and their G protein-coupled receptors OTR, V1aR, V1bR, and V2R form an important and widely-distributed neuroendocrine signaling system. In mammals, this signaling system regulates water homeostasis, blood pressure, reproduction, as well as social behaviors such as pair bonding, trust and aggression. There exists high demand for ligands with differing pharmacological profiles to study the physiological and pathological functions of the individual receptor subtypes. Here, we present the pharmacological characterization of an arthropod (Metaseiulus occidentalis) OT/VP-like nonapeptide across the human OT/VP receptors. I8-arachnotocin is a full agonist with respect to second messenger signaling at human V2R (EC50 34 nM) and V1bR (EC50 1.2 µM), a partial agonist at OTR (EC50 790 nM), and a competitive antagonist at V1aR [pA2 6.25 (558 nM)]. Intriguingly, I8-arachnotocin activated the Gαs pathway of V2R without recruiting either β-arrestin-1 or β-arrestin-2. I8-arachnotocin might thus be a novel pharmacological tool to study the (patho)physiological relevance of β-arrestin-1 or -2 recruitment to the V2R. These findings furthermore highlight arthropods as a novel, vast and untapped source for the discovery of novel pharmacological probes and potential drug leads targeting neurohormone receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leopold Duerrauer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacology and Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edin Muratspahić
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacology and Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jasmin Gattringer
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacology and Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Keov
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen C Mendel
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin D G Pfleger
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian W Gruber
- Institute of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacology and Physiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. .,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Horta M, Kaylor K, Feifel D, Ebner NC. Chronic oxytocin administration as a tool for investigation and treatment: A cross-disciplinary systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 108:1-23. [PMID: 31647964 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) subserves various physiological, behavioral, and cognitive processes. This paired with the ability to administer OT with minimal and inconsistent side effects has spurred research to explore its therapeutic potential. Findings from single-dose studies indicate that OT administration may be beneficial, at least under certain circumstances. The state of the field, however, is less clear regarding effects from chronic OT administration, which more closely resembles long-term treatment. To address this gap, this review synthesizes existing findings on the use of chronic OT administration in animal and human work. In addition to detailing the effects of chronic OT administration across different functional domains, this review highlights factors that have contributed to mixed findings. Based on this review, a basic framework of interrelated regulatory functions sensitive to chronic OT administration is offered. The paper also identifies future research directions across different contexts, populations, and outcomes, specifically calling for more systematic and standardized research on chronic OT administration in humans to supplement and expand what is currently known from preclinical work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Horta
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Kathryn Kaylor
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David Feifel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Natalie C Ebner
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Institute on Aging, Department of Aging & Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Prounis GS, Ophir AG. The Impact of Early Postnatal and Juvenile Social Environments on the Effects of Chronic Intranasal Oxytocin in the Prairie Vole. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:206. [PMID: 31572140 PMCID: PMC6753389 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between social experiences at different stages of development (e.g., with parents as juveniles and peers as subadults) can profoundly shape the expression of social behavior. Rarely are the influences of more than one stage of developmental sensitivity to social environment investigated simultaneously. Furthermore, oxytocin (OT) has an extraordinary effect on a breadth of social behaviors, activationally or organizationally. The use of intranasal OT (IN-OT) has become increasingly common therapeutically in humans and scientifically in non-human experiments, however very little attention has been paid to the potential developmental consequences on social behavior that might result. We investigated the effects of early-life social environments and the impact of chronic IN-OT on social behavior at different stages of development in male prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster). We raised animals under two conditions: “socially enriched” (in which they were biparentally reared and then weaned into group housing as subadults), or “socially limited” (in which they were reared by a single-mother, and that were then weaned into social isolation). Males raised under each condition were either administered daily doses of IN-OT or a saline control for 21 days from postnatal day (PND) 21–42. During this time, we assessed the prosocial behavior subjects demonstrated by evaluating juvenile affiliation (as subadults), alloparental care (as adults no longer being exposed to IN-OT), and partner preference tests to assess tendencies to form adult monogamous pairbonds. We found that “socially limited” males, exhibited increased social contact in juvenile affiliation tests at PND 35 and 42. These males were also more likely to form a partner preference than “socially enriched” males and formed stronger partner preferences overall. IN-OT did not alter these behavioral effects. We also found that “socially limited” males exhibited a distinct response to chronic IN-OT treatment. When compared to all other treatment groups, “socially limited” males that received IN-OT exhibited a greater amount of huddling behavior in the alloparental care test. This effect was, in part, explained by an absence of attack behavior, found only in these males. This study contributes to understanding the complex interactions between the developmental social environment, oxytocin, and social behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George S Prounis
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Alexander G Ophir
- Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
DeMayo MM, Young LJ, Hickie IB, Song YJC, Guastella AJ. Circuits for social learning: A unified model and application to Autism Spectrum Disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:388-398. [PMID: 31560922 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Early life social experiences shape neural pathways in infants to develop lifelong social skills. This review presents the first unified circuit-based model of social learning that can be applied to early life social development, drawing together unique human developmental milestones, sensitive learning periods, and behavioral and neural scaffolds. Circuit domains for social learning are identified governing Activation, Integration, Discrimination, Response and Reward (AIDRR) to sculpt and drive human social learning. This unified model can be used to identify social delays earlier in development. We propose social impairments observed in Autism Spectrum Disorder are underpinned by early mistimed sensitive periods in brain development and alterations in amygdala development to disrupt the AIDRR circuits. This model directs how interventions can target neural circuits for social development and be applied early in life. To illustrate, the role of oxytocin and its use as an intervention is explored. The AIDRR model shifts focus away from delivering broad treatments based only on diagnostic classifications, to specifying and targeting the relevant circuits, at the right time of development, to optimize social learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marilena M DeMayo
- Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia.
| | - Larry J Young
- Silvio O. Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social Cognition, Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia.
| | - Yun Ju C Song
- Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia.
| | - Adam J Guastella
- Brain and Mind Centre, Children's Hospital Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia; Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, 2050, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Many brain disorders exhibit altered synapse formation in development or synapse loss with age. To understand the complexities of human synapse development and degeneration, scientists now engineer neurons and brain organoids from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSC). These hIPSC-derived brain models develop both excitatory and inhibitory synapses and functional synaptic activity. In this review, we address the ability of hIPSC-derived brain models to recapitulate synapse development and insights gained into the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic alterations in neuronal disorders. We also discuss the potential for more accurate human brain models to advance our understanding of synapse development, degeneration, and therapeutic responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Wilson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834
| | - Karen Newell-Litwa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang J, Liu Y, Xu Y, Li X, Fu J, Jiang X, Chou Y, Ma J, Hao R, Zhang R, Qiu W, Li X. A new approach of ocular nebulization with vitamin B12 versus oxytocin for the treatment of dry eye disease: an in vivo confocal microscopy study. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:2381-2391. [PMID: 31409972 PMCID: PMC6646855 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s203464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To present a new ocular nebulization therapy for the treatment of dry eye disease (DED) and investigate the efficacy of vitamin B12 (VB12) and oxytocin (OXT) nebulization with clinical parameters and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM). Patients and methods: Thirty-eight patients with DED were enrolled, with 19 receiving VB12 nebulization and 19 receiving OXT nebulization twice weekly for 3 months. Clinical signs and symptoms including Ocular Surface Disease Index, self-assessment of light sensitivity and dryness, tear meniscus height, tear break-up time (BUT), and corneal staining, along with IVCM data of basal epithelial cell density, sub-basal dendritic cell (DC) density, nerve density, and nerve tortuosity were acquired at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months after starting treatment. Results: Patients treated with VB12 improved significantly in all signs and symptoms except for nerve tortuosity during the three-month treatment, while OXT demonstrated similar effects apart from BUT and nerve tortuosity. VB12 group revealed a higher BUT at 1 month and 3 months with a higher basal epithelial cell density at 3 months compared with OXT group, and a lower DC density was observed in OXT group at 1 month. Change of basal epithelial cell density was more significant at 3 months in VB12 group, with OXT group showing a significantly higher DC reduction at 1 month. Conclusion: The nebulization therapy delivering VB12 and OXT appears to be effective in improving the symptoms and signs of dry eye, with a relatively stronger effect of BUT elevation and epithelial repair in VB12 and anti-inflammation in OXT nebulization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yushi Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayu Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Chou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqiang Qiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Calin-Jageman RJ, Cumming G. The New Statistics for Better Science: Ask How Much, How Uncertain, and What Else is Known. AM STAT 2019; 73:271-280. [PMID: 31762475 PMCID: PMC6874217 DOI: 10.1080/00031305.2018.1518266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The "New Statistics" emphasizes effect sizes, confidence intervals, meta-analysis, and the use of Open Science practices. We present 3 specific ways in which a New Statistics approach can help improve scientific practice: by reducing over-confidence in small samples, by reducing confirmation bias, and by fostering more cautious judgments of consistency. We illustrate these points through consideration of the literature on oxytocin and human trust, a research area that typifies some of the endemic problems that arise with poor statistical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoff Cumming
- La Trobe University, Plenty Road, Bundoora, Melbourne VIC, 3086, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Carias KV, Wevrick R. Preclinical Testing in Translational Animal Models of Prader-Willi Syndrome: Overview and Gap Analysis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2019; 13:344-358. [PMID: 30989085 PMCID: PMC6447752 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder causing endocrine, musculoskeletal, and neurological dysfunction. PWS is caused by the inactivation of contiguous genes, complicating the development of targeted therapeutics. Clinical trials are now underway in PWS, with more trials to be implemented in the next few years. PWS-like endophenotypes are recapitulated in gene-targeted mice in which the function of one or more PWS genes is disrupted. These animal models can guide priorities for clinical trials or provide information about efficacy of a compound within the context of the specific disease. We now review the current status of preclinical studies that measure the effect of therapeutics on PWS-like endophenotypes. Seven categories of therapeutics (oxytocin and related compounds, K+-ATP channel agonists, melanocortin 4 receptor agonists, incretin mimetics and/or GLP-1 receptor agonists, cannabinoids, ghrelin agents, and Caralluma fimbriata [cactus] extract) have been tested for their effect on endophenotypes in both PWS animal models and clinical trials. Many other therapeutics have been tested in clinical trials, but not preclinical models of PWS or vice versa. Fostering dialogs among investigators performing preclinical validation of animal models and those implementing clinical studies will accelerate the discovery and translation of therapies into clinical practice in PWS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Vanessa Carias
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rachel Wevrick
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Higashida H, Munesue T, Kosaka H, Yamasue H, Yokoyama S, Kikuchi M. Social Interaction Improved by Oxytocin in the Subclass of Autism with Comorbid Intellectual Disabilities. Diseases 2019; 7:E24. [PMID: 30813294 PMCID: PMC6473850 DOI: 10.3390/diseases7010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately half of all autism spectrum disorder (ASD) individuals suffer from comorbid intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, the prevalence of epilepsy has been estimated to be 46% of patients with low intelligence quotient. It is important to investigate the therapeutic benefits and adverse effects of any recently developed drugs for this proportion of individuals with the so-called Kanner type of ASD. Therefore, we investigated the therapeutic and/or adverse effects of intranasal oxytocin (OT) administration, especially in adolescents and adults with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability and epilepsy, with regard to core symptoms of social deficits. We have already reported three randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs). However, we revisit results in our pilot studies from the view of comorbidity. Most of the intellectually disabled participants were found to be feasible participants of the RCT. We observed significantly more events regarded as reciprocal social interaction in the OT group compared with the placebo group. In the trial, no or little differences in adverse events were found between the OT and placebo arms, as found in some other reports. However, seizures were induced in three participants with medical history of epilepsy during or after OT treatment. In conclusion, we stress that behavioral changes in ASD patients with intellectual disabilities could be recognized not by the conventional measurements of ASD symptoms but by detailed evaluation of social interactions arising in daily-life situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haruhiro Higashida
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Toshio Munesue
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences and Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Eiheiji 910-1193, Japan.
| | - Hidenori Yamasue
- Department of Psychiatry and Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Yokoyama
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Mitsuru Kikuchi
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Whittington J, Holland A. Behaviour and cognition in the imprinted gene disorder, Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). Curr Opin Behav Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
32
|
Guastella AJ, Cooper MN, White CRH, White MK, Pennell CE, Whitehouse AJO. Does perinatal exposure to exogenous oxytocin influence child behavioural problems and autistic-like behaviours to 20 years of age? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2018; 59:1323-1332. [PMID: 29701247 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neuropeptide and hormone oxytocin is known to have a significant impact on social cognition and behaviour in humans. There is growing concern regarding the influence of exogenous oxytocin (OT) administration in early life on later social and emotional development, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). No study has examined offspring development in relation to the dose of exogenous oxytocin administered during labour. METHODS Between 1989 and 1992, 2,900 mothers were recruited prior to the 18th week of pregnancy, delivering 2,868 live offspring. The Child Behaviour Checklist was used to measure offspring behavioural difficulties at ages 5, 8, 10, 14 and 17 years. Autism spectrum disorder was formally diagnosed by consensus of a team of specialists. At 20 years, offspring completed a measure of autistic-like traits, the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Oxytocin exposure prior to birth was analysed using categorical and continuous approaches (maternal oxytocin dose) with univariate and multivariate statistical techniques. RESULTS Categorical analyses of oxytocin exposure prior to birth demonstrated no group differences in any measures of child behaviour. A small in magnitude dose-response association was observed for clinically significant total behaviour symptoms (adjusted odds ratio 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06, p < .01). Exogenous oxytocin administration prior to birth was not associated with ASD (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.15-2.12, p = .46) or high levels of autistic-like traits (p = .93), as assessed by the AQ. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to investigate longitudinal mental health outcomes associated with the use of oxytocin-based medications during labour. The results do not provide evidence to support the theory that exogenous OT has a clinically significant negative impact on the long-term mental health of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Guastella
- Autism Clinic for Translational Research, Brain and Mind Centre, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt N Cooper
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Christopher R H White
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Melanie K White
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Craig E Pennell
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew J O Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Subiaco, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yuhi T, Ise K, Iwashina K, Terao N, Yoshioka S, Shomura K, Maehara T, Yazaki A, Koichi K, Furuhara K, Cherepanov SM, Gerasimenko M, Shabalova AA, Hosoki K, Kodama H, Zhu H, Tsuji C, Yokoyama S, Higashida H. Sex Differences in Salivary Oxytocin and Cortisol Concentration Changes during Cooking in a Small Group. Behav Sci (Basel) 2018; 8:bs8110101. [PMID: 30400329 PMCID: PMC6262286 DOI: 10.3390/bs8110101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide, has positive effects on social and emotional processes during group activities. Because cooking is an integrated process in the cognitive, physical, and socio-emotional areas, cooking in a group is reported to improve emotion and cognition. However, evidence for efficacy in group cooking has not been well established at the biological level. Methods: To address this shortcoming, we first measured salivary levels of OT and cortisol (CORT), a biomarker of psychological stress, before and after group cooking for approximately 1 h by people who know each other in healthy married or unmarried men and women. We then compared the initial OT and CORT concentrations with those during individual non-cooking activities in isolation. Results: Baseline OT concentrations before group and non-group sessions did not significantly differ and OT levels increased after both types of activity in men and women. In men, however, the percentage changes of OT levels in the first over the second saliva samples were significantly small during cooking compared with those in individual activities. In women, however, such a difference was not observed. In contrast, the mean salivary CORT concentrations after group cooking were significantly decreased from the baseline level in both sexes, though such decreases were not significant after individual activity sessions. The sex-specific differences were marital-status independent. Conclusion: These results indicate that OT and CORT concentrations after two activity sessions by a familiar group changed in opposite directions in a sex-specific manner. This suggests that, because cooking is experience-based, we need to consider the sex-specific features of group cooking if we apply it for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teruko Yuhi
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Ise
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Kei Iwashina
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Naoya Terao
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yoshioka
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Keijiro Shomura
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Toshikatsu Maehara
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Akari Yazaki
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Kana Koichi
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Kazumi Furuhara
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Stanislav M Cherepanov
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Maria Gerasimenko
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Anna A Shabalova
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Kouhei Hosoki
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Hikari Kodama
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Tsuji
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Yokoyama
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
| | - Haruhiro Higashida
- Department of Basic Research on Social Recognition, Research Center for Child Mental Development, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan.
- Laboratory for Social Brain Studies, Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, and Department of Biochemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Siniscalco D, Kannan S, Semprún-Hernández N, Eshraghi AA, Brigida AL, Antonucci N. Stem cell therapy in autism: recent insights. STEM CELLS AND CLONING-ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 2018; 11:55-67. [PMID: 30425534 PMCID: PMC6204871 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s155410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are characterized by core domains: persistent deficits in social communication and interaction; restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. ASDs comprise heterogeneous and complex neurodevelopmental pathologies with well-defined inflammatory conditions and immune system dysfunction. Due to neurobiologic changes underlying ASD development, cell-based therapies have been proposed and applied to ASDs. Indeed, stem cells show specific immunologic properties, which make them promising candidates in ASD treatment. This comprehensive up-to-date review focuses on ASD cellular/molecular abnormalities, potentially useful stem cell types, animal models, and current clinical trials on the use of stem cells in treating autism. Limitations are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Napoli, Italy,
| | - Suresh Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neomar Semprún-Hernández
- Research Division, Autism Immunology Unit of Maracaibo, Catedra libre de Autismo, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Adrien A Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hearing Research and Cochlear Implant Laboratory, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Nicola Antonucci
- Biomedical Centre for Autism Research and Treatment, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Baracz SJ, Everett NA, Cornish JL. The impact of early life stress on the central oxytocin system and susceptibility for drug addiction: Applicability of oxytocin as a pharmacotherapy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 110:114-132. [PMID: 30172802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Early life trauma is strongly associated with an increased vulnerability to abuse illicit drugs and the impairment of neural development. This includes alterations to the development of the oxytocin system, which plays a pivotal role in the regulation of social behaviours and emotion. Dysregulation of this important system also contributes to increased susceptibility to develop drug addiction. In this review, we provide an overview of the animal models of early life stress that are widely used, and discuss the impact that early life stress has on drug-taking behaviour in adolescence and adulthood in both sexes. We link this to the changes that early life stress has on the endogenous oxytocin system, and how exogenously administered oxytocin may help to re-establish functioning of the system, and in turn, reduce drug-taking behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Baracz
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Nicholas A Everett
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Cornish
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Taylor JH, Schulte NA, French JA, Toews ML. Binding Characteristics of Two Oxytocin Variants and Vasopressin at Oxytocin Receptors from Four Primate Species with Different Social Behavior Patterns. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 367:101-107. [PMID: 30068728 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.250852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A clade of New World monkeys (NWMs) exhibits considerable diversity in both oxytocin (OT) ligand and oxytocin receptor (OTR) structure. Most notable is the variant Pro8-OT, with proline instead of leucine at the eighth position, resulting in a rigid bend in the peptide backbone. A higher proportion of species that express Pro8-OT also engage in biparental care and social monogamy. When marmosets (genus Callithrix), a biparental and monogamous Pro8-OT NWM species, are administered the ancestral Leu8-OT, there is no change in social behavior compared with saline treatment. However, when Pro8-OT is administered, marmosets' sociosexual and prosocial behaviors are altered. The studies here tested the hypothesis that OTR binding affinities and OT-induced intracellular Ca2+ potencies would favor the native OT ligand in OTRs from four primate species, each representing a unique combination of ancestral lineage, breeding system, and native OT ligand: humans (Leu8-OT, monogamous, apes), macaques (Leu8-OT, nonmonogamous, Old World monkey), marmosets (Pro8-OT, monogamous, NWM), and titi monkeys (Leu8-OT, monogamous, NWM). OTRs were expressed in immortalized Chinese hamster ovary cells and tested for intact-cell binding affinities for Pro8-OT, Leu8-OT, and arginine vasopressin (AVP), as well as intracellular Ca2+ signaling after stimulation with Pro8-OT, Leu8-OT, and AVP. Contrary to our hypothesis, Pro8-OT bound at modestly higher affinities and stimulated calcium signaling at modestly higher potencies compared with Leu8-OT in all four primate OTRs. Thus, differences downstream from a ligand-receptor binding event are more likely to explain the different behavioral responses to these two ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack H Taylor
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| | - Nancy A Schulte
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| | - Jeffrey A French
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| | - Myron L Toews
- Departments of Psychology (J.H.T., J.A.F.) and Biology (J.A.F.), Callitrichid Research Center, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska; and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska (N.A.S., M.L.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Verhees MWFT, Houben J, Ceulemans E, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, van IJzendoorn MH, Bosmans G. No side-effects of single intranasal oxytocin administration in middle childhood. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2471-2477. [PMID: 29915962 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite growing interest in the (therapeutic) use of intranasal oxytocin administration in children, the potential side-effects of intranasal oxytocin have remained largely unclear to date. The current study is the first double-blind randomized controlled trial to examine side-effects following single administration of oxytocin nasal spray in elementary school-aged children. METHODS One hundred children (8-12 years old) were randomly assigned to receive oxytocin or placebo nasal spray. We assessed side-effects by means of a standardized, drug-specific questionnaire and an open-ended question at two time points: 90 min after nasal spray administration and 24 h after administration. RESULTS There were no significant associations between nasal spray condition and total frequency of reported side-effects or reports of specific side-effects. Children and their mothers were unable to correctly guess nasal spray allocation, further supporting that the subjective experience of oxytocin versus placebo nasal spray effects was similar. Moreover, the majority of reported side-effects were classified as mild and ceased within 24 h after the procedure, indicating that the nasal sprays were well tolerated. CONCLUSION In all, this study is the first randomized controlled trial to provide information on the safety of intranasal oxytocin administration in middle childhood. The current study suggests that single administration of intranasal oxytocin is likely safe in elementary school-aged children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martine W F T Verhees
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leopold Vanderkelenstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Janne Houben
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leopold Vanderkelenstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Ceulemans
- Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences Research Unit, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Primary Care Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guy Bosmans
- Parenting and Special Education Research Unit, KU Leuven, Leopold Vanderkelenstraat 32, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kii I, Hirahara-Owada S, Yamaguchi M, Niwa T, Koike Y, Sonamoto R, Ito H, Takahashi K, Yokoyama C, Hayashi T, Hosoya T, Watanabe Y. Quantification of receptor activation by oxytocin and vasopressin in endocytosis-coupled bioluminescence reduction assay using nanoKAZ. Anal Biochem 2018; 549:174-183. [PMID: 29627593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OXT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) are structurally similar neuropeptide hormones that function as neurotransmitters in the brain, and have opposite key roles in social behaviors. These peptides bind to their G protein-coupled receptors (OXTR and AVPRs), inducing calcium ion-dependent signaling pathways and endocytosis of these receptors. Because selective agonists and antagonists for these receptors have been developed as therapeutic and diagnostic agents for diseases such as psychiatric disorders, facile methods are in demand for the evaluation of selectivity between these receptors. In this study, we developed a quantitative assay for OXT- and AVP-induced endocytosis of their receptors. The mutated Oplophorus luciferase, nanoKAZ, was fused to OXTR and AVPRs to enable rapid quantification of agonist-induced endocytosis by bioluminescence reduction. Agonist stimulation significantly decreases bioluminescence of nanoKAZ-fused receptors in living cells. Using this system, we evaluated clinically used OXTR antagonist atosiban and a reported pyrazinyltriazole derivative, hereby designated as PF13. Atosiban acted as an antagonist of AVPR1a, as well as an agonist for AVPR1b, whereas PF13 antagonized OXTR more selectively than atosiban, as reported previously. This paper shows a strategy for quantification of agonist-induced endocytosis of OXTR and AVPRs, and confirms its potent utility in the evaluation of agonists and antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isao Kii
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Shino Hirahara-Owada
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Masataka Yamaguchi
- Functional Architecture Imaging Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Niwa
- Chemical Biology Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuka Koike
- Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Rie Sonamoto
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Harumi Ito
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kayo Takahashi
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Chihiro Yokoyama
- Functional Architecture Imaging Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takuya Hayashi
- Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Functional Architecture Imaging Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Chemical Biology Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Pathophysiological and Health Science Team, Imaging Platform and Innovation Group, Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan; Compass to Healthy Life Research Complex Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science and Technology Hub, 6-7-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| |
Collapse
|