1
|
Iglesias-Soler E, Rial-Vázquez J, Nine I, Fariñas J, Revuelta-Lera B, García-Ramos A. Variability in the Relationship Between Velocity Loss and Percentage of Completed Repetitions During Horizontal Leg Press and Bench Press in Postmenopausal Women. J Strength Cond Res 2024:00124278-990000000-00452. [PMID: 38838220 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Iglesias-Soler, E, Rial-Vázquez, J, Nine, I, Fariñas, J, Revuelta-Lera, B, and García-Ramos, A. Variability in the relationship between velocity loss and percentage of completed repetitions during horizontal leg press and bench press in postmenopausal women. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-This study aimed to analyze the intersubject variability in the relationship between percentage of velocity loss (%VL) and percentage of repetitions performed out of maximum possible (%MNR) in postmenopausal women. Thirty-five postmenopausal active women (58 ± 3 years) performed sets leading to muscular failure, completing 10-13 repetitions, in both leg press (LP) and bench press (BP). Mean lift velocity of each repetition was expressed as a percentage of the fastest repetition, and repetitions were quantified as a percentage of the maximum number of repetitions completed in the set. Given the hierarchical structure of the data, %VL-%MNR relationships were fitted by linear mixed model regressions. A significant intersubject variability in the intercept (i.e., %MNR associated with 0%VL) was detected (p < 0.001 in both LP and BP), even when centered values of the completed repetitions were included in the models. The estimated variance in the intercept for LP (117.39; SE: 45.41) was almost double that for BP (67.47; SE: 20.27). The variability observed in the intercept entailed variability in the estimated %MNR for specific %VL values. The use of velocity loss thresholds for estimating the intensity of effort in active postmenopausal women does not overcome uncertainty of more traditional methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliseo Iglesias-Soler
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, Performance and Health Group, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jessica Rial-Vázquez
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, Performance and Health Group, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Iván Nine
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, Performance and Health Group, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan Fariñas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, Performance and Health Group, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Borja Revuelta-Lera
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Physical Education, University of A Coruna, Performance and Health Group, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; and
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Catolica de la Santísima Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yokota T. Skeletal muscle mitochondria: A potential target for postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14149. [PMID: 38629467 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yokota
- Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hinks A, Dalton BE, Mashouri P, Flewwelling LD, Pyle WG, Cheng AJ, Power GA. Time course changes in in vivo muscle mechanical function and Ca 2+ regulation of force following experimentally induced gradual ovarian failure in mice. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:711-728. [PMID: 38500268 PMCID: PMC11061627 DOI: 10.1113/ep091735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The abrupt cessation of ovarian hormone release is associated with declines in muscle contractile function, yet the impact of gradual ovarian failure on muscle contractility across peri-, early- and late-stage menopause remains unclear. In this study, a 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced ovarian failure mouse model was used to examine time course changes in muscle mechanical function. Plantar flexors of female mice (VCD: n = 10; CON: n = 8) were assessed at 40 (early perimenopause), 80 (late perimenopause), 120 (menopause onset) and 176 (late menopause) days post-initial VCD injection. A torque-frequency relationship was established across a range of frequencies (10-200 Hz). Isotonic dynamic contractions were elicited against relative loads (10-80% maximal isometric torque) to determine the torque-velocity-power relationship. Mice then performed a fatigue task using intermittent 100 Hz isometric contractions until torque dropped by 60%. Recovery of twitch, 10 Hz and 100 Hz torque were tracked for 10 min post-task failure. Additionally, intact muscle fibres from the flexor digitorum brevis underwent a fatigue task (50 repetitions at 70 Hz), and 10 and 100 Hz tetanic [Ca2+] were monitored for 10 min afterward. VCD mice exhibited 16% lower twitch torque than controls across all time points. Apart from twitch torque, 10 Hz torque and 10 Hz tetanic [Ca2+], where VCD showed greater values relative to pre-fatigue during recovery, no significant differences were observed between control and VCD mice during recovery. These results indicate that gradual ovarian failure has minimal detriments to in vivo muscle mechanical function, with minor alterations observed primarily for low-frequency stimulation during recovery from fatigue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avery Hinks
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Benjamin E. Dalton
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Parastoo Mashouri
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| | - Luke D. Flewwelling
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of HealthYork UniversityTorontoCanada
| | - William Glen Pyle
- IMPART Team Canada, Dalhousie MedicineDalhousie UniversitySaint JohnNew BrunswickCanada
| | - Arthur J. Cheng
- Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of HealthYork UniversityTorontoCanada
| | - Geoffrey A. Power
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, College of Biological SciencesUniversity of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alvar B, O'Bryan SJ, Harris DM. Considerations for assessing sex differences in performance fatiguability. J Physiol 2024; 602:1889-1891. [PMID: 38606983 DOI: 10.1113/jp285951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Alvar
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven J O'Bryan
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Dale M Harris
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tomaz GG, Souza MVC, Carneiro MADS, Lima MLD, Assumpção CO, Orsatti FL. Propulsive forces and muscle activation during gait: comparisons between premenopausal and postmenopausal midlife women. Menopause 2024; 31:194-201. [PMID: 38350040 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a reduction in propulsive force during gait in postmenopausal women compared with premenopausal women. METHODS Forty-four women (21 premenopausal and 23 postmenopausal women) aged 40 to 55 years were selected. The ability to reach peak propulsive forces was assessed during the step execution test. The test was performed at the usual speed on 2 nonconsecutive days, with two attempts per day, using a force platform. Four temporal parameters were defined and calculated: initiation phase, preparation phase, swing phase, and total time. Peak force (anteroposterior and vertical) and time to reach peak force were obtained in both preparation and swing phases. The rate of force development was defined as peak force divided by time to reach peak force. RESULTS The postmenopausal women group presented a longer time in the preparation phase (540.6 ± 77 ms vs 482.5 ± 93 ms, P = 0.024) and consequently a longer total time in the step execution test (1,191 ± 106.4 ms vs 1,129 ± 114.3 ms, P = 0.045). There were differences between the groups for the rate of force development in the anteroposterior (postmenopausal women, 142.5 ± 38.1 N/s vs premenopausal women, 174.7 ± 70.5 N/s; P = 0.022) and vertical directions in the preparation phase (postmenopausal women, 102.7 ± 62.3 N/s vs premenopausal women, 145.3 ± 71 N/s; P = 0.012). No significant differences ( P > 0.05) were found in force, time to peak force, and rate of force development during the swing phase. In addition, there were no observed differences in surface electromyography of the medial and lateral gastrocnemius muscles during the preparation phase and swing phase of the step execution test between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women exhibited lower ability to generate propulsive force rapidly (rates of force development) in both the anteroposterior and vertical directions during the preparation phase of gait compared with premenopausal women. This indicates that postmenopausal women experience a reduction in propulsive force during gait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Gondim Tomaz
- From the Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology Research Lab, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Augusto da Silva Carneiro
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Luíza de Lima
- From the Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group, Exercise Biology Research Lab, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Angelidis A, Overgaard K, Vandenboom R. Potentiation of force by extracellular potassium is not dependent on muscle length in mouse EDL muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C529-C539. [PMID: 38145294 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00456.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Increases in myofiber extracellular potassium with prolonged contractile activity can potentiate twitch force. Activity-dependent potentiation, another mechanism of force increase in skeletal muscle, has a strong dependence on muscle or sarcomere length. Thus, potassium-mediated twitch potentiation could also be length-dependent. However, this has not been previously investigated. To this end, we used isolated C57BL/6 mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles and elicited twitches at 0.9 Lo, Lo, and 1.1 Lo (Lo refers to optimal length) in normal (5 mM) and high (10 mM) potassium solutions. Potentiation magnitude was similar to previous observations and was not significantly different between lengths (0.9 Lo: 12.3 ± 4.4%, Lo: 12.2 ± 3.6%, 1.1 Lo: 11.8 ± 4.8%, values are means ± SD). Exposure to dantrolene sodium, a compound that attenuates calcium release, reduced twitch force across lengths by ∼70%. When dantrolene-affected muscles were subsequently exposed to high potassium, potentiation was similar to that observed in the absence of the former. In total, these findings provide novel information on potassium-mediated twitch potentiation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here, we investigated the length-dependence of twitch force potentiation by extracellular potassium in mouse extensor digitorum longus (EDL) in vitro, at 25°C. Potentiation magnitude did not display a statistically significant difference between the examined muscle lengths. These results describe, for the first time, the relationship of this form of potentiation with muscle length, thus furthering the understanding of how it is integrated in in vivo muscle function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Angelidis
- Department of Kinesiology, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristian Overgaard
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rene Vandenboom
- Department of Kinesiology, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hu Y, Fang B, Tian X, Wang H, Tian X, Yu F, Li T, Yang Z, Shi R. Passive exercise is an effective alternative to HRT for restoring OVX induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1356312. [PMID: 38356957 PMCID: PMC10864566 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1356312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Postmenopausal women are more prone to develop muscle weakness, which is strongly associated with impairment of mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle. This study aimed to examine the impact of a passive exercise modality, whole-body vibration training (WBVT), on muscle mitochondrial function in ovariectomized (OVX) mice, in comparison with 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement. Methods Female C57BL/6J mice were assigned to four groups: sham operation control group (Sham), ovariectomized group (OVX), OVX with E2 supplement group (OVX+E), and OVX with WBVT group (OVX+W). The estrous cycle, body weight, body composition, and muscle strength of the mice were monitored after the operation. Serum E2 level was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ATP levels were determined using a luciferase-catalyzed bioluminescence assay. The activity of mitochondrial respiration chain complexes was evaluated using high-resolution respirometry (O2K). Expression levels of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) were detected using western blotting. Results We observed decreased muscle strength and impaired mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle of OVX mice. The vibration training alleviated these impairments as much as the E2 supplement. In addition, the vibration training was superior to the ovariectomy and the estradiol replacement regarding the protein expression of PGC-1α and TFAM. Conclusion WBVT improves the OVX-induced decline in muscle strength and impairment of mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle. This passive exercise strategy may be useful as an alternative to E2 replacement for preventing menopausal muscular weakness. Further studies are needed to understand the effects of WBVT on various physiological systems, and precautions should be taken when implementing it in patient treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhijie Yang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Rengfei Shi
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nolan D, McNulty KL, Manninen M, Egan B. The Effect of Hormonal Contraceptive Use on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy, Power and Strength Adaptations to Resistance Exercise Training: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2024; 54:105-125. [PMID: 37755666 PMCID: PMC10798924 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-023-01911-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance exercise training is widely used by general and athletic populations to increase skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power and strength. Endogenous sex hormones influence various bodily functions, including possibly exercise performance, and may influence adaptive changes in response to exercise training. Hormonal contraceptive (HC) use modulates the profile of endogenous sex hormones, and therefore, there is increasing interest in the impact, if any, of HC use on adaptive responses to resistance exercise training. OBJECTIVE Our aim is to provide a quantitative synthesis of the effect of HC use on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power and strength adaptations in response to resistance exercise training. METHODS A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted on experimental studies which directly compared skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power and strength adaptations following resistance exercise training in hormonal contraceptive users and non-users conducted before July 2023. The search using the online databases PUBMED, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Embase and other supplementary search strategies yielded 4669 articles, with 8 articles (54 effects and 325 participants) meeting the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the "Tool for the assessment of study quality and reporting in exercise". RESULTS All included studies investigated the influence of oral contraceptive pills (OCP), with no study including participants using other forms of HC. The articles were analysed using a meta-analytic multilevel maximum likelihood estimator model. The results indicate that OCP use does not have a significant effect on hypertrophy [0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) [- 0.11, 0.13], t = 0.14, p = 0.90), power (- 0.04, 95% CI [- 0.93, 0.84], t = - 0.29, p = 0.80) or strength (0.10, 95% CI [- 0.08, 0.28], t = 1.48, p = 0.20). DISCUSSION Based on the present analysis, there is no evidence-based rationale to advocate for or against the use of OCPs in females partaking in resistance exercise training to increase hypertrophy, power and/or strength. Rather, an individualised approach considering an individual's response to OCPs, their reasons for use and menstrual cycle history may be more appropriate. REGISTRATION The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (ID number and hyperlink: CRD42022365677).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Nolan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Kelly L McNulty
- Sport, Health & Exercise (SHE) Research Group, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technological University of the Shannon, Athlone, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
- UPMC Sports Medicine and UPMC Institute for Health, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Ireland
| | - Mika Manninen
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Brendan Egan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Florida Institute of Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nuccio A, Nogueira-Ferreira R, Moreira-Pais A, Attanzio A, Duarte JA, Luparello C, Ferreira R. The contribution of mitochondria to age-related skeletal muscle wasting: A sex-specific perspective. Life Sci 2024; 336:122324. [PMID: 38042281 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
As people age, their skeletal muscle (SkM) experiences a decline in mitochondrial functionality and density, which leads to decreased energy production and increased generation of reactive oxygen species. This cascade of events, in turn, might determine the loss of SkM mass, strength and quality. Even though the mitochondrial processes dysregulated by aging, such as oxidative phosphorylation, mitophagy, antioxidant defenses and mtDNA transcription, are the same in both sexes, mitochondria age differently in the SkM of men and women. Indeed, the onset and magnitude of the impairment of these processes seem to be influenced by sex-specific factors. Sexual hormones play a pivotal role in the regulation of SkM mass through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. However, the precise mechanisms by which these hormones regulate mitochondrial plasticity in SkM are not fully understood. Although the presence of estrogen receptors in mitochondria is recognized, it remains unclear whether androgen receptors affect mitochondrial function. This comprehensive review critically dissects the current knowledge on the interplay of sex in the aging of SkM, focusing on the role of sex hormones and the corresponding signaling pathways in shaping mitochondrial plasticity. Improved knowledge on the sex dimorphism of mitochondrial aging may lead to sex-tailored interventions that target mitochondrial health, which could be effective in slowing or preventing age-related muscle loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Nuccio
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Rita Nogueira-Ferreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Center - UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Alexandra Moreira-Pais
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - José Alberto Duarte
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto (FADEUP), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4200-450 Porto, Portugal; TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal.
| | - Claudio Luparello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Critchlow AJ, Hiam D, Williams R, Scott D, Lamon S. The role of estrogen in female skeletal muscle aging: A systematic review. Maturitas 2023; 178:107844. [PMID: 37716136 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.107844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a loss of skeletal muscle mass and function that negatively impacts the independence and quality of life of older individuals. Females demonstrate a distinct pattern of muscle aging compared to males, potentially due to menopause, when the production of endogenous sex hormones declines. This systematic review aims to investigate the current knowledge about the role of estrogen in female skeletal muscle aging. A systematic search of MEDLINE Complete, Global Health, Embase, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and CINHAL was conducted. Studies were considered eligible if they compared a state of estrogen deficiency (e.g. postmenopausal females) or supplementation (e.g. estrogen therapy) to normal estrogen conditions (e.g. premenopausal females or no supplementation). Outcome variables of interest included measures of skeletal muscle mass, function, damage/repair, and energy metabolism. Quality assessment was completed with the relevant Johanna Briggs critical appraisal tool, and data were synthesized in a narrative manner. Thirty-two studies were included in the review. Compared to premenopausal women, postmenopausal women had reduced muscle mass and strength, but the effect of menopause on markers of muscle damage and expression of the genes involved in metabolic signaling pathways remains unclear. Some studies suggest a beneficial effect of estrogen therapy on muscle size and strength, but evidence is largely conflicting and inconclusive, potentially due to large variations in the reporting and status of exposure and outcomes. The findings from this review point toward a potential negative effect of estrogen deficiency on aging skeletal muscle, but further mechanistic evidence is needed to clarify its role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annabel J Critchlow
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Danielle Hiam
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Ross Williams
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - David Scott
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia; School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Séverine Lamon
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Youngblood H, Schoenlein PV, Pasquale LR, Stamer WD, Liu Y. Estrogen dysregulation, intraocular pressure, and glaucoma risk. Exp Eye Res 2023; 237:109725. [PMID: 37956940 PMCID: PMC10842791 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Characterized by optic nerve atrophy due to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Of the major risk factors for glaucoma (age, ocular hypertension, and genetics), only elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is modifiable, which is largely regulated by aqueous humor outflow through the trabecular meshwork. Glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone have long been known to elevate IOP and lead to glaucoma. However, several recent studies have reported that steroid hormone estrogen levels inversely correlate with glaucoma risk, and that variants in estrogen signaling genes have been associated with glaucoma. As a result, estrogen dysregulation may contribute to glaucoma pathogenesis, and estrogen signaling may protect against glaucoma. The mechanism for estrogen-related protection against glaucoma is not completely understood but likely involves both regulation of IOP homeostasis and neuroprotection of RGCs. Based upon its known activities, estrogen signaling may promote IOP homeostasis by affecting extracellular matrix turnover, focal adhesion assembly, actin stress fiber formation, mechanosensation, and nitric oxide production. In addition, estrogen receptors in the RGCs may mediate neuroprotective functions. As a result, the estrogen signaling pathway may offer a therapeutic target for both IOP control and neuroprotection. This review examines the evidence for a relationship between estrogen and IOP and explores the possible mechanisms by which estrogen maintains IOP homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Youngblood
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Patricia V Schoenlein
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Radiology and Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Surgery, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Daniel Stamer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; James and Jean Culver Vision Discovery Institute, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fighera TM, dos Santos BR, Spritzer PM. Lean mass and associated factors in women with PCOS with different phenotypes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292623. [PMID: 37796920 PMCID: PMC10553224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although current evidence suggests increased risk of obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic alterations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), especially of a hyperandrogenic phenotype, the impact of each one of these variables on muscle mass remains uncertain. In this case-control study, we evaluated clinical and hormonal characteristics related to lean body mass according to the different PCOS phenotypes. We performed clinical, metabolic, and hormonal assessments and evaluated body compartments by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 133 women of reproductive age. Creatinine served as an indirect marker of lean mass. Median age was 28 (range, 17-37) years. Women with phenotypes A and B (n = 59) had higher body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome prevalence than those with phenotype C (n = 23) and controls (n = 51) (p<0.005). Women with phenotypes A and B also had higher Ferriman-Gallwey score (p<0.001), insulin levels (p = 0.006), HOMA-IR (p = 0.008), testosterone (p = 0.008), free androgen index (FAI) (p<0.001), fat mass index (FMI) (p = 0.015), android-to-gynoid fat ratio (p = 0.036), and bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine (p = 0.027) and total femur (p = 0.013) than controls. Median appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) was higher in phenotypes A and B than in controls (7.01 [IQR, 6.33-8.02] vs. 6.69 [IQR, 5.94-7.09], p = 0.024), but it did not differ significantly from that in phenotype C (6.60 [IQR, 6.16-7.22], p = 0.222). Even after adjusting for BMI, ALMI correlated positively with creatinine in women with phenotypes A and B (rho = 0.319, p = 0.023) but not in those with phenotype C (p = 0.238) or controls (p = 0.097). In multivariate linear regression analyses, ALMI was positively associated with insulin, FAI, FMI, and total femur BMD. The present results suggest that fasting insulin, FAI, fat mass, and total femur BMD were positively associated with increased lean mass in women with PCOS phenotypes A and B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tayane Muniz Fighera
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Medicine School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Betânia Rodrigues dos Santos
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Postgraduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Poli Mara Spritzer
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Medicine School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Postgraduate Program in Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Carneiro MAS, Kassiano W, Oliveira-Júnior G, Sousa JFR, Cyrino ES, Orsatti FL. Effect of Different Load Intensity Transition Schemes on Muscular Strength and Physical Performance in Postmenopausal Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1507-1523. [PMID: 36989529 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In postmenopausal women, optimizing muscular strength and physical performance through proper resistance training (RT) is crucial in achieving optimal functional reserve later in life. This study aimed to compare if a higher-load-to-lower-load (HL-to-LL) scheme is more effective than a lower-load-to-higher-load (LL-to-HL) scheme on muscular strength and physical performance in postmenopausal women after 12 and 24 wk of RT. METHODS Twenty-four postmenopausal women were randomized into two groups: LL-to-HL ( n = 12, 27-31 repetitions maximum (RM) in the first 12 wk, and 8-12RM in the last 12 wk) or HL-to-LL ( n = 12, 8-12RM during the first 12 wk, and 27-31RM in the last 12 wk). Muscular dynamic (1RM test) and isometric strength (MIVC) and functional tests (sit-to-stand power, 400-m walking, and 6-min walking) were analyzed at baseline, after 12 and 24 wk. RESULTS Different load intensity transition schemes resulted in enhancements ( P < 0.05) in dynamic (45° leg press: LL-to-HL = 21.98% vs HL-to-LL = 16.07%; leg extension: LL-to-HL = 23.25% vs HL-to-LL = 16.28%; leg curl: LL-to-HL = 23.89% vs HL-to-LL = 13.34%) and isometric strength (LL-to-HL = 14.63% vs HL-to-LL = 19.42%), sit-to-stand power (LL-to-HL = 7.32% vs HL-to-LL = 0%), and walking speed (400-m test: LL-to-HL = 3.30% vs HL-to-LL = 5.52%; 6-min test: LL-to-HL = 4.44% vs HL-to-LL = 5.55%) after 24 wk of RT, without differences between groups ( P > 0.05). However, only the HL increased the dynamic strength in 45° leg press and leg extension and sit-to-stand power. Moreover, walking speed changes were more strongly correlated with the changes in MIVC ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that both load intensity transition schemes produce similar improvements in muscular strength and physical performance in postmenopausal women after 24 wk of RT. However, the HL was more effective in increasing 45° leg press and leg extension strength, as well as power (mainly when performed after the LL), whereas having little effect on leg curl strength, isometric strength, and walking speed. Our findings suggest that although an HL makes a muscle isotonically stronger, it may have limited impact on isometric strength and walking speed in postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Witalo Kassiano
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, BRAZIL
| | - Gersiel Oliveira-Júnior
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group (PhyNER), Exercise Biology Research Lab (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Jairo F R Sousa
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Exercise Research Group (PhyNER), Exercise Biology Research Lab (BioEx), Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, BRAZIL
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, BRAZIL
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hart DA. Regulation of Bone by Mechanical Loading, Sex Hormones, and Nerves: Integration of Such Regulatory Complexity and Implications for Bone Loss during Space Flight and Post-Menopausal Osteoporosis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1136. [PMID: 37509172 PMCID: PMC10377148 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
During evolution, the development of bone was critical for many species to thrive and function in the boundary conditions of Earth. Furthermore, bone also became a storehouse for calcium that could be mobilized for reproductive purposes in mammals and other species. The critical nature of bone for both function and reproductive needs during evolution in the context of the boundary conditions of Earth has led to complex regulatory mechanisms that require integration for optimization of this tissue across the lifespan. Three important regulatory variables include mechanical loading, sex hormones, and innervation/neuroregulation. The importance of mechanical loading has been the target of much research as bone appears to subscribe to the "use it or lose it" paradigm. Furthermore, because of the importance of post-menopausal osteoporosis in the risk for fractures and loss of function, this aspect of bone regulation has also focused research on sex differences in bone regulation. The advent of space flight and exposure to microgravity has also led to renewed interest in this unique environment, which could not have been anticipated by evolution, to expose new insights into bone regulation. Finally, a body of evidence has also emerged indicating that the neuroregulation of bone is also central to maintaining function. However, there is still more that is needed to understand regarding how such variables are integrated across the lifespan to maintain function, particularly in a species that walks upright. This review will attempt to discuss these regulatory elements for bone integrity and propose how further study is needed to delineate the details to better understand how to improve treatments for those at risk for loss of bone integrity, such as in the post-menopausal state or during prolonged space flight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology, and McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Damigou E, Kouvari M, Panagiotakos D. The role of skeletal muscle mass on cardiovascular disease risk: an emerging role on modulating lipid profile. Curr Opin Cardiol 2023; 38:352-357. [PMID: 36928171 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000001047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review was to present updated evidence on the role of skeletal muscle mass on cardiometabolic health. RECENT FINDINGS Increased lean, and especially skeletal, muscle mass has been associated with better cardiometabolic health in various epidemiological studies, even in younger age groups. In addition, the link between skeletal muscle mass and adult lipid profile is of interest. A preliminary analysis using the data from the ATTICA prospective cohort study (2002-2022) supports this association. SUMMARY Skeletal muscle mass has many metabolic functions (i.e., glucose, insulin and protein metabolism, mitochondrial function, arterial stiffness, inflammation, oxidative stress, brain function, hormone status). Given its associations with the lipid profile and overall cardiometabolic risk, skeletal muscle mass stands among the emerging risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In addition to only using body mass index or fat distribution, more studies should evaluate lean mass and its prognostic and predictive ability regarding chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sheptulina AF, Antyukh KY, Kiselev AR, Mitkovskaya NP, Drapkina OM. Possible Mechanisms Linking Obesity, Steroidogenesis, and Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1415. [PMID: 37374197 DOI: 10.3390/life13061415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that skeletal muscles may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and associated conditions due to their impact on insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. Skeletal muscles, as well as adipose tissue, are largely recognized as endocrine organs, producing biologically active substances, such as myokines and adipokines. They may have either beneficial or harmful effects on the organism and its functions, acting through the endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine pathways. Moreover, the collocation of adipose tissue and skeletal muscles, i.e., the amount of intramuscular, intermuscular, and visceral adipose depots, may be of major importance for metabolic health. Traditionally, the generalized and progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength or physical function, named sarcopenia, has been thought to be associated with age. That is why most recently published papers are focused on the investigation of the effect of obesity on skeletal muscle function in older adults. However, accumulated data indicate that sarcopenia may arise in individuals with obesity at any age, so it seems important to clarify the possible mechanisms linking obesity and skeletal muscle dysfunction regardless of age. Since steroids, namely, glucocorticoids (GCs) and sex steroids, have a major impact on the amount and function of both adipose tissue and skeletal muscles, and are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, in this review, we will also discuss the role of steroids in the interaction of these two metabolically active tissues in the course of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna F Sheptulina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| | - Karina Yu Antyukh
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology, 220036 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Anton R Kiselev
- National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia P Mitkovskaya
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology, 220036 Minsk, Belarus
- Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Belarusian State Medical University, 220116 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Oxana M Drapkina
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Obesity, National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, 101990 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Feng Z, Pang K, Tian M, Gu X, Lin H, Yang X, Yang Y, Zhang Z. Sarcobesity, but not visceral fat, is an independent risk factor for complications after radical resection of colorectal cancer. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1126127. [PMID: 37260520 PMCID: PMC10228740 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The influence of body composition on the outcome of colorectal cancer surgery is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of visceral obesity and sarcobesity on the incidence of total and surgical complications after radical resection of colorectal cancer. Methods We collected a total of 426 patients who underwent elective radical resection of colorectal cancer at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2017 to May 2018. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 387 patients were finally included. A CT scan at the level of the L3-L4 intervertebral disk was selected to measure the values of visceral fat area and skeletal muscle area. Multivariate analysis was used to explore the independent risk/protective factors affecting postoperative complications. Results 128 (33.1%) patients developed complications, and 44 (11.4%) patients developed major complications. Among them, 111 patients developed surgical complications and 21 developed medical complications. Visceral fat area (Z = -3.271, p = 0.001), total fat area (Z = -2.613, p = 0.009), visceral fat area to subcutaneous fat area ratio (V/S, Z = -2.633, p = 0.008), and sarcobesity index (Z = -2.282, p = 0.023) were significantly associated with total complications. Visceral fat area (Z = -2.119, p = 0.034) and V/S (Z = -2.010, p = 0.044) were significantly associated with total surgical complications. Sarcobesity index, smoking, stoma, blood loss, surgery time, and American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score were selected as risk factors for total postoperative complications according to LASSO regression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that sarcobesity index was an independent risk factor for postoperative total complications and surgical complications. Subgroup analysis suggested that albumin level was an independent protective factor for postoperative total complications in male patients. Smoking, operative time, and sarcobesity index were independent risk factors, and cholesterol was an independent protective factor for total postoperative complications in female patients. Conclusion Increased sarcobesity index is an independent risk factor for postoperative complications in patients with colorectal cancer, while visceral fat area is not. For female patients, smoking, operation time, and obesity index are independent risk factors for postoperative complications, while cholesterol is an independent protective factor. For male patients, serum albumin is an independent protective factor for postoperative complications.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lowy L, Kasianchuk A. Menopause, weight, and metabolic health - considerations for a patient centered, multidisciplinary approach. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2023; 35:176-181. [PMID: 36912287 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To examine the complexity of weight and metabolic changes during the menopausal transition and propose a multidisciplinary care approach to support long-term metabolic health. RECENT FINDINGS Menopause, weight and metabolic health changes are influenced by many interplaying factors, and therefore, require a multipronged, multidisciplinary patient centered approach. This approach should start with a medical history and examination. Additional key components include: behavior change principles, mental health evaluation, gynecological care, nutrition, exercise recommendations and sleep care. In addition, when appropriate, weight loss pharmacotherapy and surgical options should be considered. Metabolic health is a long-term chronic process and improvement requires a chronic management approach. SUMMARY Applying the framework of chronic disease prevention and treatment to optimizing metabolic health and body weight in peri and postmenopausal women offers an approach that works with the dynamic nature of metabolism changes that occur during aging and the menopausal transition. Using patient-centered care and behavior change principles with this multidisciplinary approach can strengthen its long-term effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leasa Lowy
- MD, FACOG, NCMP, BSN, RYT-500 Private Practice
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu S, Liu Z, Wang P, Li W, Zhao S, Liu Y, Chu M. Estrogen-mediated oar-miR-485-5p targets PPP1R13B to regulate myoblast proliferation in sheep. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:123987. [PMID: 36906210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Ovaries are important endocrine organs in female animals that secrete various steroid hormones, which are involved in multiple physiological functions. Estrogen, one of the hormones secreted by ovaries, is essential for the overall maintenance of muscle growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms that affect muscle growth and development in sheep following ovariectomy remain unclear. In this study, we identified 1662 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and 40 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in sheep that underwent ovariectomy compared with those that underwent sham surgery. A total of 178 DEG-DEM pairs were negatively correlated. GO and KEGG analysis showed that PPP1R13B was involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, which was essential for muscle development. Using in vitro experiments, we examined the effect of PPP1R13B on myoblast proliferation and found that overexpression or inhibition of PPP1R13B increased or decreased the expression of myoblast proliferation markers, respectively. PPP1R13B was identified as a functional downstream target of miR-485-5p. Our results suggested that miR-485-5p promoted myoblast proliferation by regulating proliferation factors in myoblasts by targeting PPP1R13B. Notably, exogenous estradiol supplementation to myoblasts regulated the expression of oar-miR-485-5p and PPP1R13B and promoted myoblast proliferation. These results provided new insights into the molecular mechanism by which ovaries influence muscle growth and development in sheep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shengguo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Roles of Estrogen, Estrogen Receptors, and Estrogen-Related Receptors in Skeletal Muscle: Regulation of Mitochondrial Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031853. [PMID: 36768177 PMCID: PMC9916347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen is an essential sex steroid hormone that functions primarily in female reproductive system, as well as in a variety of tissues and organs with pleiotropic effects, such as in cardiovascular, nervous, immune, and musculoskeletal systems. Women with low estrogen, as exemplified by those in postmenopause, are therefore prone to suffer from various disorders, i.e., cardiovascular disease, dementia, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, frailty, and so on. Estrogen regulates the expression of its target genes by binding to its cognate receptors, estrogen receptors (ERs) α and β. Notably, the estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) α, β, and γ are originally identified as orphan receptors that share substantial structural homology and common transcriptional targets with ERs. Accumulating evidence suggests that ERs and ERRs play crucial roles in skeletal muscles, such as muscle mass maintenance, muscle exercise physiology, and muscle regeneration. In this article, we review potential regulatory roles of ERs and ERRs in muscle physiology, particularly with regard to mitochondrial function and metabolism.
Collapse
|