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Fantin EH, Benzano D, Ornell F, Ruwel AG, von Diemen L, Kessler FHP, Schuch JB. Implications of Impulsivity on Criminal Behavior in Individuals With Substance Use Disorder. J Dual Diagn 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38935384 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2370411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to analyze the association between criminal behavior and impulsivity in individuals with drug addiction and investigate whether impulsiveness mediates the relationship between drug use severity and legal problems. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 773 men diagnosed with addiction (295 alcohol users and 478 users of crack/polysubstance) while undergoing addiction treatment. The BIS-11 and ASI-6 were applied to assess impulsivity, criminal behavior, and drug use. RESULTS The prevalence of criminal behavior was 41.7% (n = 123) in alcohol users and 64.9% (n = 310) in users of crack/polysubstance. Earlier use of different substances and higher impulsivity scores were observed in individuals with criminal history. Mediation analyses revealed that impulsiveness acts as a mediator factor between substance use and criminal behavior, enhancing the severity of legal problems. CONCLUSION Our findings can help in deciding on tailored treatment strategies, focusing not only on substance use, but also on the prevention of social problems, criminality, and impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Hernández Fantin
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela Benzano
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andressa Goldman Ruwel
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Vassiliadis P, Beanato E, Popa T, Windel F, Morishita T, Neufeld E, Duque J, Derosiere G, Wessel MJ, Hummel FC. Non-invasive stimulation of the human striatum disrupts reinforcement learning of motor skills. Nat Hum Behav 2024:10.1038/s41562-024-01901-z. [PMID: 38811696 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-024-01901-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Reinforcement feedback can improve motor learning, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain underexplored. In particular, the causal contribution of specific patterns of oscillatory activity within the human striatum is unknown. To address this question, we exploited a recently developed non-invasive deep brain stimulation technique called transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS) during reinforcement motor learning with concurrent neuroimaging, in a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind study. Striatal tTIS applied at 80 Hz, but not at 20 Hz, abolished the benefits of reinforcement on motor learning. This effect was related to a selective modulation of neural activity within the striatum. Moreover, 80 Hz, but not 20 Hz, tTIS increased the neuromodulatory influence of the striatum on frontal areas involved in reinforcement motor learning. These results show that tTIS can non-invasively and selectively modulate a striatal mechanism involved in reinforcement learning, expanding our tools for the study of causal relationships between deep brain structures and human behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Vassiliadis
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elena Beanato
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Traian Popa
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Windel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Takuya Morishita
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
| | - Esra Neufeld
- Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julie Duque
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerard Derosiere
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Impact Team, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon 1 University, Bron, France
| | - Maximilian J Wessel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Friedhelm C Hummel
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.
- Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute, EPFL Valais, Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, Sion, Switzerland.
- Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.
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3
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Vieira JL, Snaychuk LA, Milicevic J, Hodgins DC, Shead NW, Keough MT, Kim HS. Adverse Childhood Experiences and Problematic Cannabis Use: The Role of Emotion Dysregulation and Affective Impulsivity. CANNABIS (ALBUQUERQUE, N.M.) 2024; 6:111-126. [PMID: 38883277 PMCID: PMC11178067 DOI: 10.26828/cannabis/2023/000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Problematic cannabis use is highly prevalent among postsecondary students. Consequently, there is a need to examine risk factors associated with problematic cannabis use in this population. The present study investigated whether emotion dysregulation mediates the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and problematic cannabis use, and whether affective impulsivity (negative and positive urgency) uniquely moderates this relationship. Participants consisted of current cannabis users (N = 586) recruited from five universities across Canada. Participants completed an online survey containing self-report measures of ACEs, emotion dysregulation, negative and positive urgency, and problematic cannabis use. Among the sample of postsecondary students, 36% (n = 213) met the threshold for problematic cannabis use. Moderated-mediation analyses revealed that ACEs were positively associated with emotion dysregulation and problematic cannabis use. There was also a significant indirect effect of emotion dysregulation on the association between ACEs and problematic cannabis use at moderate and high (but not low) levels of negative urgency, and at moderate and high (but not low) levels of positive urgency. The moderated-mediation models remained significant when controlling for other facets of impulsivity. Results suggest that elevated levels of emotion dysregulation and urgency are important proximal risk factors for problematic cannabis use among postsecondary students with a history of ACEs. While ACEs cannot be modified given their occurrence in the past, interventions that aim to build mindfulness and adaptive emotion regulation skills may be beneficial for reducing the likelihood that these students will engage in impulsive behaviors, such as cannabis use, when experiencing emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Vieira
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lindsey A Snaychuk
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jana Milicevic
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David C Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Will Shead
- Department of Psychology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Hyoun S Kim
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research at the Royal, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Alizadeh Mansouri F, Buckley MJ, Tanaka K. Mapping causal links between prefrontal cortical regions and intra-individual behavioral variability. Nat Commun 2024; 15:140. [PMID: 38168052 PMCID: PMC10762061 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44341-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intra-individual behavioral variability is significantly heightened by aging or neuropsychological disorders, however it is unknown which brain regions are causally linked to such variabilities. We examine response time (RT) variability in 21 macaque monkeys performing a rule-guided decision-making task. In monkeys with selective-bilateral lesions in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) or in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, cognitive flexibility is impaired, but the RT variability is significantly diminished. Bilateral lesions within the frontopolar cortex or within the mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, has no significant effect on cognitive flexibility or RT variability. In monkeys with lesions in the posterior cingulate cortex, the RT variability significantly increases without any deficit in cognitive flexibility. The effect of lesions in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is unique in that it leads to deficits in cognitive flexibility and a significant increase in RT variability. Our findings indicate remarkable dissociations in contribution of frontal cortical regions to behavioral variability. They suggest that the altered variability in OFC-lesioned monkeys is related to deficits in assessing and accumulating evidence to inform a rule-guided decision, whereas in ACC-lesioned monkeys it results from a non-adaptive decrease in decision threshold and consequently immature impulsive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Alizadeh Mansouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Mark J Buckley
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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5
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Furukawa M, Tada H, Raju R, Wang J, Yokoi H, Yamada M, Shikama Y, Matsushita K. Long-Term Soft-Food Rearing in Young Mice Alters Brain Function and Mood-Related Behavior. Nutrients 2023; 15:2397. [PMID: 37242280 PMCID: PMC10222696 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between caloric and nutrient intake and overall health has been extensively studied. However, little research has focused on the impact of the hardness of staple foods on health. In this study, we investigated the effects of a soft diet on brain function and behavior in mice from an early age. Mice fed a soft diet for six months exhibited increased body weight and total cholesterol levels, along with impaired cognitive and motor function, heightened nocturnal activity, and increased aggression. Interestingly, when these mice were switched back to a solid diet for three months, their weight gain ceased, total cholesterol levels stabilized, cognitive function improved, and aggression decreased, while their nocturnal activity remained high. These findings suggest that long-term consumption of a soft diet during early development can influence various behaviors associated with anxiety and mood regulation, including weight gain, cognitive decline, impaired motor coordination, increased nocturnal activity, and heightened aggression. Therefore, the hardness of food can impact brain function, mental well-being, and motor skills during the developmental stage. Early consumption of hard foods may be crucial for promoting and maintaining healthy brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masae Furukawa
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Hirobumi Tada
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu 474-8651, Japan;
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Resmi Raju
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Jingshu Wang
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Haruna Yokoi
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Mitsuyoshi Yamada
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shikama
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
| | - Kenji Matsushita
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan; (R.R.); (J.W.); (H.Y.); (M.Y.); (Y.S.)
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6
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Wolfs EML, Klaus J, Schutter DJLG. Cerebellar Grey Matter Volumes in Reactive Aggression and Impulsivity in Healthy Volunteers. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:223-233. [PMID: 35247193 PMCID: PMC9985584 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Several lines of evidence point towards the involvement of the cerebellum in reactive aggression. In addition to the posterior cerebellar hemisphere, the vermis has been suggested to play a prominent role in impulse regulation. In the present study, we set out to further examine the relationships between cerebellar grey matter volumes, aggression, and impulsivity in 201 healthy volunteers. 3 T structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired to investigate grey matter volumes of the cerebellar vermis and the anterior and posterior lobules. Aggression was assessed with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and impulsivity was measured with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11. Results showed that impulsivity was positively associated with grey matter volumes of the cerebellar vermis and inversely correlated with grey matter volumes of the right posterior lobule. In addition, smaller volumes of the right posterior lobules were associated with higher physical aggression. Exploratory analyses indicated that for the right hemisphere, this association was driven by grey matter volumes of lobules VIIb and VIIIa. Our findings provide correlational evidence in healthy volunteers for the involvement of the cerebellar vermis and posterior lobules in a cortico-limbic-cerebellar circuit of aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elze M L Wolfs
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jana Klaus
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis J L G Schutter
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Barrett CE, Jiang M, O'Flaherty BG, Dias BG, Rainnie DG, Young LJ, Menigoz A. Early life exposure to high fructose diet induces metabolic dysregulation associated with sex-specific cognitive impairment in adolescent rats. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109220. [PMID: 36435289 PMCID: PMC9992084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of adolescent mental health disorders is on the rise. Epidemiological studies suggest that poor nutrition is a significant contributor to this public health crisis, specifically through exposure to high level of dietary sugar, including fructose, during critical periods of development. Previous studies have shown that elevated fructose exposure during adolescence disrupts mental health. Despite these data, it is currently unknown how fructose exposure, specifically during infancy, may impact adolescent mental health. We developed a rat experimental protocol to investigate the effects of fructose exposure during infancy on behavioral, cognitive and metabolic endpoints in adolescence. We found that exposing rats to high fructose from birth to weaning resulted in higher circulating glucose, insulin and leptin levels in adolescence. High fructose during infancy also increased bodyweight, disrupted metabolic homeostasis in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) as indicated by decreased activity of the cellular energy sensor AMPK, and impaired attention and impulsivity in a male-specific manner. This impaired attention observed in adolescent male rats following neonatal fructose exposure was partially rescued by viral-mediated, in vivo expression of a constitutively active form of AMPK in principal neurons of the BLA. Our results suggest that exposure to high level of fructose during infancy may impact adolescent mental health in a male-specific manner and that manipulation of AMPK activity may mitigate this impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Barrett
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Megan Jiang
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brendan G O'Flaherty
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brian G Dias
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA; Division of Research on Children, Youth & Families, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA; Developmental Neuroscience and Neurogenetics Program, The Saban Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Donald G Rainnie
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Larry J Young
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Aurelie Menigoz
- Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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8
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Grecucci A, Dadomo H, Salvato G, Lapomarda G, Sorella S, Messina I. Abnormal Brain Circuits Characterize Borderline Personality and Mediate the Relationship between Childhood Traumas and Symptoms: A mCCA+jICA and Random Forest Approach. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:2862. [PMID: 36905064 PMCID: PMC10006907 DOI: 10.3390/s23052862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe personality disorder whose neural bases are still unclear. Indeed, previous studies reported inconsistent findings concerning alterations in cortical and subcortical areas. In the present study, we applied for the first time a combination of an unsupervised machine learning approach known as multimodal canonical correlation analysis plus joint independent component analysis (mCCA+jICA), in combination with a supervised machine learning approach known as random forest, to possibly find covarying gray matter and white matter (GM-WM) circuits that separate BPD from controls and that are also predictive of this diagnosis. The first analysis was used to decompose the brain into independent circuits of covarying grey and white matter concentrations. The second method was used to develop a predictive model able to correctly classify new unobserved BPD cases based on one or more circuits derived from the first analysis. To this aim, we analyzed the structural images of patients with BPD and matched healthy controls (HCs). The results showed that two GM-WM covarying circuits, including basal ganglia, amygdala, and portions of the temporal lobes and of the orbitofrontal cortex, correctly classified BPD against HC. Notably, these circuits are affected by specific child traumatic experiences (emotional and physical neglect, and physical abuse) and predict symptoms severity in the interpersonal and impulsivity domains. These results support that BPD is characterized by anomalies in both GM and WM circuits related to early traumatic experiences and specific symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Grecucci
- Clinical and Affective Neuroscience Lab (CL.I.A.N. Lab), Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences (DiPSCo), University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
- Centre for Medical Sciences (CISMed), University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Harold Dadomo
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salvato
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Cognitive Neuropsychology Centre, ASST “Grande Ospedale Metropolitano” Niguarda, 20162 Milan, Italy
- Milan Centre for Neuroscience (NeuroMI), 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Lapomarda
- Department of Psychology, Science Division, New York University of Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Sorella
- Clinical and Affective Neuroscience Lab (CL.I.A.N. Lab), Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences (DiPSCo), University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Irene Messina
- Clinical and Affective Neuroscience Lab (CL.I.A.N. Lab), Department of Psychology and Cognitive Sciences (DiPSCo), University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
- Universitas Mercatorum, 00186 Rome, Italy
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9
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Kaiser A, Holz NE, Banaschewski T, Baumeister S, Bokde ALW, Desrivières S, Flor H, Fröhner JH, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Paillère Martinot ML, Artiges E, Millenet S, Orfanos DP, Poustka L, Schwarz E, Smolka MN, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Brandeis D, Nees F. A Developmental Perspective on Facets of Impulsivity and Brain Activity Correlates From Adolescence to Adulthood. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:1103-1115. [PMID: 35182817 PMCID: PMC9636026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On a theoretical level, impulsivity represents a multidimensional construct associated with acting without foresight, inefficient inhibitory response control, and alterations in reward processing. On an empirical level, relationships and changes in associations between different measures of impulsivity from adolescence into young adulthood and their relation to neural activity during inhibitory control and reward anticipation have not been fully understood. METHODS We used data from IMAGEN, a longitudinal multicenter, population-based cohort study in which 2034 healthy adolescents were investigated at age 14, and 1383 were reassessed as young adults at age 19. We measured the construct of trait impulsivity using self-report questionnaires and neurocognitive indices of decisional impulsivity. With functional magnetic resonance imaging, we assessed brain activity during inhibition error processing using the stop signal task and during reward anticipation in the monetary incentive delay task. Correlations were analyzed, and mixed-effect models were fitted to explore developmental and predictive effects. RESULTS All self-report and neurocognitive measures of impulsivity proved to be correlated during adolescence and young adulthood. Further, pre-supplementary motor area and inferior frontal gyrus activity during inhibition error processing was associated with trait impulsivity in adolescence, whereas in young adulthood, a trend-level association with reward anticipation activity in the ventral striatum was found. For adult delay discounting, a trend-level predictive effect of adolescent neural activity during inhibition error processing emerged. CONCLUSIONS Our findings help to inform theories of impulsivity about the development of its multidimensional nature and associated brain activity patterns and highlight the need for taking functional brain development into account when evaluating neuromarker candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kaiser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Nathalie E Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Donders Center for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Juliane H Fröhner
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Antoine Grigis
- NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Penny Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, L'Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Eric Artiges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U A10 "Trajectoires développementales en psychiatrie", Université Paris-Saclay, Ecole Normale supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Borelli, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Psychiatry Department 91G16, Orsay Hospital, Orsay, France
| | - Sabina Millenet
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Luise Poustka
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schwarz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael N Smolka
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Robert Whelan
- School of Psychology and Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gunter Schumann
- Population Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charite Mitte, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany; Centre for Population Neuroscience and Precision Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Institute for Science and Technology of Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zürich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
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10
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Kim HS, Ritchie EV, Sears CR, Hodgins DC, Kowatch KR, McGrath DS. Affective impulsivity moderates the relationship between disordered gambling severity and attentional bias in electronic gaming machine (EGM) players. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:386-395. [PMID: 35895477 PMCID: PMC9295233 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Attentional bias to gambling-related stimuli is associated with increased severity of gambling disorder. However, the addiction-related moderators of attentional bias among those who gamble are largely unknown. Impulsivity is associated with attentional bias among those who abuse substances, and we hypothesized that impulsivity would moderate the relationship between disordered electronic gaming machine (EGM) gambling and attentional bias. METHODS We tested whether facets of impulsivity, as measured by the UPPS-P (positive urgency, negative urgency, sensation seeking, lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation) and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (cognitive, motor, non-planning) moderated the relationship between increased severity of gambling disorder, as measured by the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), and attentional bias. Seventy-five EGM players participated in a free-viewing eye-tracking paradigm to measure attentional bias to EGM images. RESULTS Attentional bias was significantly correlated with Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) motor, positive urgency, and negative urgency. Only positive and negative urgency moderated the relationship between PGSI scores and attentional bias. For participants with high PGSI scores, higher positive and negative urgency were associated with larger attentional biases to EGM stimuli. DISCUSSION The results indicate that affective impulsivity is an important contributor to the association between gambling disorder and attentional bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoun S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University (Formerly Ryerson University), Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - David C. Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Daniel S. McGrath
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada,Corresponding author. E-mail:
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11
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Meneguzzo P, Mancini C, Ormitti A, Garolla A, Bonello E, Donini LM, Todisco P. Impulsivity and eating disorders: The relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and different impulsivity facets in a transdiagnostic sample. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:401-409. [PMID: 34842504 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.2011404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric conditions characterised by malnutrition, dysfunctional behaviours, and hypovitaminosis D. In various psychiatric conditions, including EDs, preliminary evidence has correlated impulsivity to a low level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. This study aims to reinforce this evidence by examining different facets, both behavioural and psychological, of the impulsivity construct in patients with ED. METHODS A sample of 119 women was evaluated with a validated questionnaire and computerised neuropsychological tasks: the UPPS-P impulsive behaviour scale, a go/no-go task, and the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). A clinical evaluation for EDs and blood sample collection were also performed to assess specific psychopathology and determine the serum level of 25(OH)D. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between serum levels of 25(OH)D and BART scores (p = 0.012) and lack of perseverance (p = 0.034). Moreover, regression analyses showed that higher BART scores may be explained by hypovitaminosis D and higher levels of lack of perseverance in patients with EDs. CONCLUSIONS The specific aspect of impulsivity linked to goal strategy and behaviours may be explained in patients with EDs by hypovitaminosis D. A possible connection to the brain inflammatory system is also discussed, along with possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Meneguzzo
- Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cecilia Mancini
- Experimental Medicine Department, Food Science and Human Nutrition Research Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Ormitti
- Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy
| | - Alice Garolla
- Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy
| | - Elisa Bonello
- Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo M Donini
- Experimental Medicine Department, Food Science and Human Nutrition Research Unit, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Todisco
- Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy
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12
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Impulse control differentiates Internet gaming disorder from non-disordered but heavy Internet gaming use: Evidence from multiple behavioral and multimodal neuroimaging data. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Garbus P, González-Forteza C, Cano M, Jiménez A, Juárez-Loya A, Wagner FA. Suicidal behavior in Mexican adolescents: A test of a latent class model using two independent probability samples. Prev Med 2022; 157:106984. [PMID: 35176327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.106984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal behavior is a serious health issue that affects the adolescent population and that may be prevented through evidence-based approaches. There are many risk factors involved in suicidal behavior, but there are few studies encompassing the complex relationships between them. This study tested the similarity between two latent class models from two different epidemiological samples of middle-school students and evaluated if the multinomial regression model replicated the associations between the classes and the psychosocial variables. Data of 4013 adolescents from the Mexican states of Campeche and Querétaro were included in LCA to characterize suicide behavior and associated factors. The most likely latent class membership was used as the outcome in multinomial regression models. The model with data from Querétaro was consistent with the previous LC model from Campeche. The four latent classes were nearly identical for both populations and can be defined as follows: 1) "No Problems," included 73% of the adolescents; 2) "Drug Use Only," comprised 7% of the adolescents; 3) "Suicidal Behavior, No Depression," captured 8% of the adolescents (25% reported binge drinking in the past month, 50% self-inflicted injuries, and 43% low-lethality suicide attempt); 4) "Depression and Suicidal Behavior," comprised 12% of the sample (66% met criteria for Major Depressive Episode, 28% reported binge drinking in the past month, and 11% had a high-lethality suicide attempt). The congruence between the models and the consistency with identified factors highlight the need for appropriate and effective prevention strategies to minimize risk factors and reinforce protective factors in the adolescent population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Garbus
- Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Catalina González-Forteza
- National Institute of Psychiatry, Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research Branch, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Manuel Cano
- Department of Social Work, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Alberto Jiménez
- National Institute of Psychiatry, Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research Branch, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Juárez-Loya
- Clinical and Health Psychology Department, Psychology Faculty, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico
| | - Fernando A Wagner
- School of Social Work, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States of America.
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14
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Subramaniam P, Prescot A, McGlade E, Renshaw P, Yurgelun-Todd D. Examination of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate-glutamine levels in association with impulsive behavior in adolescent marijuana users. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 233:109326. [PMID: 35131529 PMCID: PMC9119664 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent marijuana (MJ) use has been associated with alterations in brain structure and function as well as behavior. Examination of neurochemical correlates such as GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and Glx (glutamate + glutamine) in MJ users remains limited. Impulsivity, identified as a risk factor and consequence of MJ use, has been associated with GABA and Glx levels in healthy and clinical populations. However, this relationship has not been investigated in MJ users. In this study, we examined levels of GABA and Glx in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its relationship with impulsive behavior in MJ-using adolescents and healthy controls. METHODS Healthy control subjects (HC; N = 21) and MJ-using adolescents (N = 18) completed a metabolite-edited 1H MRS exam to measure ACC GABA and Glx levels, a structured clinical interview to assess MJ use, and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) to evaluate impulsive behavior. RESULTS Adolescent MJ users had significantly lower tissue-corrected GABA (with macromolecules; GABA+) levels (p = 0.029) compared to HC's. No significant between-group differences were observed in ACC Glx levels. Assessment of impulsive behavior demonstrated no significant between-group differences in motor, non-planning, attention, and total impulsivity scores. Additionally, impulsivity measures and tissue-corrected GABA+ or Glx levels were not significantly correlated in either group. CONCLUSION Lower GABA levels in MJ users may indicate alterations in excitatory-inhibitory mechanisms critical for neurodevelopment. Although no significant relationships were observed between impulsive measures and GABA or Glx levels in both groups, further investigations are needed examining the relationship between neurochemical correlates, behavior, and adolescent MJ use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punitha Subramaniam
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
| | - Andrew Prescot
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Erin McGlade
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,George E. Wahlen Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Perry Renshaw
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,George E. Wahlen Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
- Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA,George E. Wahlen Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, VA VISN 19 Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
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15
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Herlinger K, Lingford-Hughes A. Opioid use disorder and the brain: a clinical perspective. Addiction 2022; 117:495-505. [PMID: 34228373 DOI: 10.1111/add.15636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) has gained increasing publicity and interest during recent years, with many countries describing problems of epidemic proportions with regard to opioid use and deaths related to opioids. While opioids are not themselves acutely neurotoxic, the chronic relapsing and remitting nature of this disorder means that individuals are often exposed to exogenous opioids for lengthy periods of time (either illicit or prescribed as treatment). We are increasingly characterizing the effect of such long-term opioid exposure on the brain. This narrative review aims to summarize the literature regarding OUD and the brain from a clinical perspective. Alterations of brain structure and function are discussed, as well as neurological and psychiatric disorders in OUD. Finally, we review current and new directions for assessment and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Herlinger
- MRC Addiction Research Clinical Training Programme, Imperial College London, London, UK
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16
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Morin A, Poitras M, Plamondon H. Global Cerebral Ischemia in Male Long Evans Rats Impairs Dopaminergic/ΔFosB Signalling in the Mesocorticolimbic Pathway Without Altering Delay Discounting Rates. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 15:770374. [PMID: 35058756 PMCID: PMC8763703 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.770374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in rats has been shown to promote exploration of anxiogenic zones of the Elevated-Plus Maze (EPM) and Open Field Test (OFT). This study investigated changes in impulsive choice and/or defensive responses as possible contributors of heightened anxiogenic exploration observed after ischemia. Impulsivity was assessed using delay discounting (DD) paradigms, while the Predator Odour Test (PO) served to assess changes in defensive responses towards a naturally aversive stimulus. Male Long Evans rats underwent 9 days of autoshaping training and 24 days of DD training prior to GCI or sham surgery (n = 9/group). Post-surgery, rats completed the OFT, EPM, and PO, followed by 6 days of DD sessions. Blood droplets served to evaluate corticosterone secretion associated with PO exposure. With impulsivity being regulated through mesocorticolimbic monoaminergic pathways, we also characterised post-ischemic changes in the expression of dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2), dopamine transporters (DAT), and 1FosB in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) and shell (NAcS), and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) using immunohistofluorescence. Our findings revealed no impact of GCI on delay discounting rates, while PO approach behaviours were minimally affected. Nonetheless, GCI significantly reduced DRD2 and ΔFosB-ir in the NAcS and NAcC, respectively, while DAT-ir was diminished in both NAc subregions. Collectively, our findings refine the understanding of cognitive-behavioural and biochemical responses following stroke or cardiac arrest. They support significant alterations to the dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic pathway after ischemia, which are not associated with altered impulsive choice in a DD task but may influence locomotor exploration of the OFT and EPM.
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17
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Luzi L, Gandini S, Massarini S, Bellerba F, Terruzzi I, Senesi P, Macrì C, Ferrulli A. Reduction of impulsivity in patients receiving deep transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for obesity. Endocrine 2021; 74:559-570. [PMID: 34173157 PMCID: PMC8571225 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aims of the present study were to investigate a wide array of psychological symptoms through validated psychometric tests, before and after 5 weeks of deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) in individuals with obesity, and to identify possible relationships with neuroendocrine parameters. METHODS Forty-five patients with obesity (33 F, 12 M; age 48.8 ± 9.9 years; body wt 97.6 ± 14.2 Kg; BMI 36.2 ± 4.2) were randomized into two groups: 26 received high frequency (HF) dTMS and 19 Sham stimulation for 5 weeks. At baseline and after the 5-week treatment, all patients underwent the following psychometric evaluations: Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) and its subscales, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-y1 and STAI-y2), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Hormonal and neuroendocrine markers were assessed at the first and last dTMS session. RESULTS By adjusting for baseline variables and treatment arms, a significant decrease in body wt and BMI was found in HF group, both with univariate (p = 0.019) and multivariate analyses (p = 0.012). Impulsivity significantly decreased in HF group, both with univariate (p = 0.031) and multivariate analyses (p = 0.011). A positive association between the impulsivity score change and the leptin level variation (p = 0.031) was found. CONCLUSION The decrease of impulsivity together with the BMI reduction in individuals with obesity, treated with real stimulation, suggests that impulsivity may be a risk factor for obesity. Treatment with dTMS revealed to be effective in reducing both BMI and impulsivity by enhancing inhibitory capacity of Pre-Frontal Cortex (PFC), and modulating neuroendocrine system, especially leptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Massarini
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bellerba
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Senesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Macrì
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ferrulli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
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18
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Nutt D, Hayes A, Fonville L, Zafar R, Palmer EO, Paterson L, Lingford-Hughes A. Alcohol and the Brain. Nutrients 2021; 13:3938. [PMID: 34836193 PMCID: PMC8625009 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol works on the brain to produce its desired effects, e.g., sociability and intoxication, and hence the brain is an important organ for exploring subsequent harms. These come in many different forms such as the consequences of damage during intoxication, e.g., from falls and fights, damage from withdrawal, damage from the toxicity of alcohol and its metabolites and altered brain structure and function with implications for behavioral processes such as craving and addiction. On top of that are peripheral factors that compound brain damage such as poor diet, vitamin deficiencies leading to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Prenatal alcohol exposure can also have a profound impact on brain development and lead to irremediable changes of fetal alcohol syndrome. This chapter briefly reviews aspects of these with a particular focus on recent brain imaging results. Cardiovascular effects of alcohol that lead to brain pathology are not covered as they are dealt with elsewhere in the volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Nutt
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London W12 ONN, UK; (A.H.); (L.F.); (R.Z.); (E.O.C.P.); (L.P.); (A.L.-H.)
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19
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Labonté B, Abdallah K, Maussion G, Yerko V, Yang J, Bittar T, Quessy F, Golden SA, Navarro L, Checknita D, Gigek C, Lopez JP, Neve RL, Russo SJ, Tremblay RE, Côté G, Meaney MJ, Mechawar N, Nestler EJ, Turecki G. Regulation of impulsive and aggressive behaviours by a novel lncRNA. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:3751-3764. [PMID: 31907380 PMCID: PMC7436429 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
High impulsive and aggressive traits associate with poor behavioural self-control. Despite their importance in predicting behavioural negative outcomes including suicide, the molecular mechanisms underlying the expression of impulsive and aggressive traits remain poorly understood. Here, we identified and characterized a novel long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), acting as a regulator of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene in the brain, and named it MAOA-associated lncRNA (MAALIN). Our results show that in the brain of suicide completers, MAALIN is regulated by a combination of epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation and chromatin modifications. Elevated MAALIN in the dentate gyrus of impulsive-aggressive suicides was associated with lower MAOA expression. Viral overexpression of MAALIN in neuroprogenitor cells decreased MAOA expression while CRISPR-mediated knock out resulted in elevated MAOA expression. Using viral-mediated gene transfer, we confirmed that MAALIN in the hippocampus significantly decreases MAOA expression and exacerbates the expression of impulsive-aggressive behavioural traits in CD1 aggressive mice. Overall, our findings suggest that variations in DNA methylation mediate the differential expression of a novel lncRNA that acts on MAOA expression to regulate impulsive-aggressive behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Labonté
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Laval University, 2601, Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada.
| | - Khaled Abdallah
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Laval University, 2601, Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Gilles Maussion
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Volodymyr Yerko
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Jennie Yang
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Thibault Bittar
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Laval University, 2601, Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Francis Quessy
- Centre de Recherche CERVO, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Laval University, 2601, Chemin de la Canardière, Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
| | - Sam A Golden
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luis Navarro
- Unitat de Genètica Molecular Institut de Biomedicina de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dave Checknita
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Carolina Gigek
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Juan Pablo Lopez
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Rachael L Neve
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Côté
- Philippe-Pinel Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael J Meaney
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Naguib Mechawar
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Frank B. Common Pavilion, 6875 LaSalle Blvd., Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
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20
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Morin A, Poitras M, Plamondon H. Global cerebral ischemia in adolescent male Long Evans rats: Effects of vanillic acid supplementation on stress response, emotionality, and visuospatial memory. Behav Brain Res 2021; 412:113403. [PMID: 34090940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The developmental period is critical in delineating plastic response to internal and external events. However, neurobehavioural effects of global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in the maturing brain remain largely unknown. This study characterised the effects of GCI experienced at puberty on adulthood (1) hippocampus CA1 neuronal damage, (2) cognitive and emotional impairments, and (3) glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. Effects of adolescent exposure to the phenol vanillic acid (VA) on post-ischemic outcomes were also determined. Male Long Evans rats (n = 35) were supplemented for 21 consecutive days (postnatal days 33-53) with VA (91 mg/kg) or nut paste vehicle (control) prior to a 10-min GCI or sham surgery. As adults, rats were tested in the Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated-Plus Maze (EPM), and Barnes Maze (BM). GR expression was determined in the basolateral amygdala (BLA), CA1, and paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and brain injury assessed via CA1 neuronal density. Adolescent GCI exposure induced extensive hippocampal CA1 injury, which was not prevented by VA supplementation. Behaviourally, GCI increased EPM exploration while having no impact on spatial memory. VA intake increased OFT peripheral exploration. Notably, while no delayed changes in CA1 and PVN GR immunoreactivity were noted, both treatments separately increased BLA GR expression when compared with sham-nut paste rats. Age at GCI occurrence plays a critical role on post-ischemic impairments. The observation of minimal functional impairments despite important CA1 neuronal damage supports use of compensatory mechanisms. Our findings also show daily VA supplementation during adolescence to have no protective effects on post-ischemic outcomes, contrasting adult intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Morin
- Behavioural Neuroscience Group, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Marilou Poitras
- Behavioural Neuroscience Group, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Hélène Plamondon
- Behavioural Neuroscience Group, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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21
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Lim JE, Kim S, Seo S, Kang W, Kim A, Kang Y, Choi KW, Tae WS, Ham BJ, Han KM. Association of Prefrontal Cortex Thinning with High Impulsivity in Healthy Adults. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:570-579. [PMID: 34130438 PMCID: PMC8256145 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Studies have been conducted to identify brain structural alterations related to high impulsivity in psychiatric populations. However, research on healthy subjects is relatively less extensive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the correlation between the cortical thickness of whole brain regions and the impulsivity level in a healthy population. METHODS We included 100 healthy participants aged 19-65 years. Their T1-weighted magnetic resonance images and the 23-item Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) score were obtained. The patients were divided into high and low impulsivity groups according to the 75th percentile score of the BIS in the sample. The thickness of each cortical region was calculated using the FreeSurfer, and the difference in cortical thickness of the whole brain between the high and low impulsivity groups was analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance including age, sex, education level, and total intracranial cavity volume as covariates. RESULTS The high impulsivity group showed significant cortical thinning in the left pars opercularis. The cortical thickness of the left pars opercularis significantly correlated negatively with the total, attention, and motor scores of the BIS scale. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that prefrontal cortex thinning may play an important role in the development of high impulsivity in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Lim
- Department of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Surin Seo
- Department of Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan Woo Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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22
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Ruiz-Ramos D, Martínez-Magaña JJ, García AR, Juarez-Rojop IE, Gonzalez-Castro TB, Tovilla-Zarate CA, Sarmiento E, López-Narvaez ML, Nicolini H, Genis-Mendoza AD. Psychiatric Comorbidity in Mexican Adolescents with a Diagnosis of Eating Disorders Its Relationship with the Body Mass Index. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18083900. [PMID: 33917708 PMCID: PMC8068102 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among patients with eating disorders (ED) is higher than the general population. Individuals diagnosed with eating disorders have changes in their body mass index which could promote severe metabolic disruptions. This study aimed (1) to report the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among a Mexican adolescent sample diagnosed with eating disorders, (2) to compare our results with the prevalence of psychiatric disorders reported from a national survey of mental health of adolescents, (3) to compare the presence of psychiatric comorbidities between ED diagnoses, and (4) to explore the relationship of these comorbidities with the body mass index. In the study, we included 187 Mexican adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders. The psychiatric comorbidities were evaluated using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children/adolescents, and a revised questionnaire on eating and weight patterns. We found that 89% of the Mexican adolescents diagnosed with ED had another psychiatric comorbidity. Major depressive disorder (52.40%) and suicide risk (40%) were the most prevalent comorbidities. Attention and deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prevalence was different between ED diagnosis, and adolescents with binge-eating disorder and ADHD had the higher body mass index. Our results showed that in this sample of Mexican adolescents, the presence of comorbidities could impact body mass index. This emphasizes the importance that clinicians take into consideration the presence of psychiatric comorbidities to achieve an integrative treatment for adolescents diagnosed with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ruiz-Ramos
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
| | - José Jaime Martínez-Magaña
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
| | - Ana Rosa García
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N, Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (A.R.G.); (E.S.)
| | - Isela Esther Juarez-Rojop
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
| | - Thelma Beatriz Gonzalez-Castro
- División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86100, Mexico; (D.R.-R.); (J.J.M.-M.); (I.E.J.-R.); (T.B.G.-C.)
| | - Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zarate
- División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Comalcalco, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Comalcalco 86100, Mexico;
| | - Emmanuel Sarmiento
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Juan N, Navarro, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (A.R.G.); (E.S.)
| | | | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Ciudad de México 14610, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-53501900 (ext. 1197)
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23
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Huber RS, McGlade EC, Legarreta M, Subramaniam P, Renshaw PF, Yurgelun-Todd DA. Cingulate white matter volume and associated cognitive and behavioral impulsivity in Veterans with a history of suicide behavior. J Affect Disord 2021; 281:117-124. [PMID: 33316716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is one of the leading causes of death for military personnel and Veterans. Neuroimaging studies have revealed abnormalities in white matter tracts and brain connectivity in suicide behavior (SB); however, reports of alterations in white matter volume and its association with related behaviors are limited. The current study examined the relationship between cingulate white matter volume (WMV), impulsivity, and SB in Veterans. METHODS Fifty-two Veterans, ages 18 to 65, underwent magnetic resonance imaging on a 3T Siemens Verio scanner. Morphometric analysis of brain images was performed to evaluate differences in WMV in cingulate regions of interest. Participants completed the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale to assess lifetime suicide behavior and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) and the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to assess impulsivity. RESULTS Twenty-nine Veterans had a history of suicidal ideation (SI) and 23 had a history of suicide attempts (SA). Controlling for age, sex, handedness and total white matter volume, reduced WMV was observed in the left rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) in Veterans with SA relative to Veterans with SI, p = .008. Additionally, non-planning on the BIS was negatively correlated with left rACC WMV for Veterans with a history of SA, p = .04. Other subregions of the ACC WMV were negatively correlated with planning and attention impulsivity (BIS) and omission and commission errors (CPT) for attempters. CONCLUSIONS Reduction in rACC WMV in Veterans with SA was negatively correlated with nonplanning measures. These findings are consistent with ACC involvement in inhibitory processes and build on evidence that SB is associated with neurobiological abnormalities and suggest that white matter changes may be related to actual attempts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah S Huber
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Erin C McGlade
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Veterans Affairs VISN 19 Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Margaret Legarreta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Sheridan Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Sheridan, WY, USA
| | - Punitha Subramaniam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Perry F Renshaw
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Veterans Affairs VISN 19 Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Deborah A Yurgelun-Todd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Diagnostic Neuroimaging Laboratory, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Veterans Affairs VISN 19 Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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24
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Postolache TT, Wadhawan A, Rujescu D, Hoisington AJ, Dagdag A, Baca-Garcia E, Lowry CA, Okusaga OO, Brenner LA. Toxoplasma gondii, Suicidal Behavior, and Intermediate Phenotypes for Suicidal Behavior. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:665682. [PMID: 34177652 PMCID: PMC8226025 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the general literature on infections and suicidal behavior, studies on Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) occupy a central position. This is related to the parasite's neurotropism, high prevalence of chronic infection, as well as specific and non-specific behavioral alterations in rodents that lead to increased risk taking, which are recapitulated in humans by T. gondii's associations with suicidal behavior, as well as trait impulsivity and aggression, mental illness and traffic accidents. This paper is a detailed review of the associations between T. gondii serology and suicidal behavior, a field of study that started 15 years ago with our publication of associations between T. gondii IgG serology and suicidal behavior in persons with mood disorders. This "legacy" article presents, chronologically, our primary studies in individuals with mood disorders and schizophrenia in Germany, recent attempters in Sweden, and in a large cohort of mothers in Denmark. Then, it reviews findings from all three meta-analyses published to date, confirming our reported associations and overall consistent in effect size [ranging between 39 and 57% elevation of odds of suicide attempt in T. gondii immunoglobulin (IgG) positives]. Finally, the article introduces certain links between T. gondii and biomarkers previously associated with suicidal behavior (kynurenines, phenylalanine/tyrosine), intermediate phenotypes of suicidal behavior (impulsivity, aggression) and state-dependent suicide risk factors (hopelessness/dysphoria, sleep impairment). In sum, an abundance of evidence supports a positive link between suicide attempts (but not suicidal ideation) and T. gondii IgG (but not IgM) seropositivity and serointensity. Trait impulsivity and aggression, endophenotypes of suicidal behavior have also been positively associated with T. gondii seropositivity in both the psychiatrically healthy as well as in patients with Intermittent Explosive Disorder. Yet, causality has not been demonstrated. Thus, randomized interventional studies are necessary to advance causal inferences and, if causality is confirmed, to provide hope that an etiological treatment for a distinct subgroup of individuals at an increased risk for suicide could emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodor T Postolache
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 5, VA Capitol Health Care Network, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Saint Elizabeth's Hospital, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Andrew J Hoisington
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Systems Engineering and Management, Air Force Institute of Technology, Dayton, OH, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Aline Dagdag
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Jimenez Diaz Foundation Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Madrid Autonomous University, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Móstoles, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Villalba, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Infanta Elena University Hospital, Valdemoro, Spain.,Universidad Catolica del Maule, Talca, Chile.,Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Christopher A Lowry
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology, Center for Neuroscience, Center for Microbial Exploration, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Olaoluwa O Okusaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lisa A Brenner
- Veterans Health Administration, Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE), Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States.,Department of Psychiatry & Neurology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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25
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Shakeshaft A, Panjwani N, McDowall R, Crudgington H, Peña Ceballos J, Andrade DM, Beier CP, Fong CY, Gesche J, Greenberg DA, Hamandi K, Koht J, Lim KS, Orsini A, Rees MI, Rubboli G, Selmer KK, Smith AB, Striano P, Syvertsen M, Talvik I, Thomas RH, Zarubova J, Richardson MP, Strug LJ, Pal DK. Trait impulsivity in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 8:138-152. [PMID: 33264519 PMCID: PMC7818143 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct that can predispose to psychopathology. Meta‐analysis demonstrates an association between response impulsivity and Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME), a common genetic generalized epilepsy. Here, we test the hypotheses that trait impulsivity is (i) elevated in JME compared to controls; (ii) moderated by specific seizure characteristics; and (iii) associated with psychiatric adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Methods 322 participants with JME and 126 age and gender‐matched controls completed the Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale (BIS‐brief) alongside information on seizure history and AED use. We compared group BIS‐brief scores and assessed associations of JME BIS‐brief scores with seizure characteristics and AED adverse effects. Results The mean BIS‐brief score in JME was 18.1 ± 4.4 compared with 16.2 ± 4.1 in controls (P = 0.0007). Elevated impulsivity was associated with male gender (P = 0.027), frequent absence seizures (P = 0.0004) and lack of morning predominance of myoclonus (P = 0.008). High impulsivity significantly increased the odds of a psychiatric adverse event on levetiracetam (P = 0.036), but not any other psychiatric or somatic adverse effects. Interpretation Trait impulsivity is elevated in JME and comparable to scores in personality and neurotic disorders. Increased seizure frequency and absence of circadian seizure pattern moderate BIS score, suggesting disruption of both cortico‐striatal and thalamocortical networks as a shared mechanism between seizures and impulsivity in JME. These findings warrant consideration of impulsivity as a distinct target of intervention, and as a stratifying factor for AED treatment in JME, and perhaps other types of epilepsy. The role of impulsivity in treatment adherence and psychosocial outcome requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Shakeshaft
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, UK
| | | | - Robert McDowall
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Holly Crudgington
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Javier Peña Ceballos
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | | | | | - Choong Yi Fong
- Division of Paediatric Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Jeanette Koht
- Department of Neurology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Oslo, Norway.,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kheng Seang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Alessandro Orsini
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, Pisa University Hospital, Italy
| | - Mark I Rees
- Neurology Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, UK
| | - Guido Rubboli
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaja K Selmer
- Department of Research and Innovation, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,National Centre for Epilepsy, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Anna B Smith
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Pasquale Striano
- IRCCS Istituto 'G. Gaslini', Genova, Italy.,University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Marte Syvertsen
- Department of Neurology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Health Trust, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Rhys H Thomas
- Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Jana Zarubova
- Department of Neurology, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mark P Richardson
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, UK.,King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Deb K Pal
- Department of Basic & Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, UK.,King's College Hospital, London, UK.,Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, UK
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26
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Hayes A, Herlinger K, Paterson L, Lingford-Hughes A. The neurobiology of substance use and addiction: evidence from neuroimaging and relevance to treatment. BJPSYCH ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1192/bja.2020.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARYAddiction is a global health problem with a chronic relapsing nature for which there are few treatment options. In the past few decades, neuroimaging has allowed us to better understand the neurobiology of addiction. Functional neuroimaging paradigms have been developed to probe the neural circuits underlying addiction, including reward, inhibitory control, stress, emotional processing and learning/memory networks. Functional neuroimaging has also been used to provide biological support for the benefits of psychosocial and pharmacological interventions, although evidence remains limited and often inconclusive in this area, which may contribute to the variability in treatment efficacy. In this article, we discuss the changing definitions and clinical criteria that describe and classify addictive disorders. Using examples from functional neuroimaging studies we summarise the neurobiological mechanisms that underpin drug use, dependence, tolerance, withdrawal and relapse. We discuss the links between functional neuroimaging and treatment, outline clinical management in the UK and give an overview of future directions in research and addiction services.
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27
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Abdallah M, Farrugia N, Chirokoff V, Chanraud S. Static and dynamic aspects of cerebro-cerebellar functional connectivity are associated with self-reported measures of impulsivity: A resting-state fMRI study. Netw Neurosci 2020; 4:891-909. [PMID: 33615095 PMCID: PMC7888486 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Human and animal brain studies bring converging evidence of a possible role for the cerebellum and the cerebro-cerebellar system in impulsivity. However, the precise nature of the relation between cerebro-cerebellar coupling and impulsivity is far from understood. Characterizing functional connectivity (FC) patterns between large-scale brain networks that mediate different forms of impulsivity, and the cerebellum may improve our understanding of this relation. Here, we analyzed static and dynamic features of cerebro-cerebellar FC using a highly sampled resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) dataset and tested their association with two widely used self-reports of impulsivity: the UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale and the behavioral inhibition/approach systems (BIS/BAS) in a large group of healthy subjects (N = 134, ≈ 1 hr of rs-fMRI/subject). We employed robust data-driven techniques to identify cerebral and cerebellar resting-state networks and extract descriptive summary measures of static and dynamic cerebro-cerebellar FC. We observed evidence linking BIS, BAS, sensation seeking, and lack of premeditation to the total strength and temporal variability of FC within networks connecting regions of the prefrontal cortex, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus with the cerebellum. Overall, our findings improve the existing knowledge of the neural correlates of impulsivity and the behavioral correlates of the cerebro-cerebellar system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd Abdallah
- Aquitaine Institute of Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience, UMR CNRS 5287, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Farrugia
- Electronics Department Lab STICC, IMT Atlantique, UMR CNRS 6285, Brest, France
| | - Valentine Chirokoff
- Aquitaine Institute of Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience, UMR CNRS 5287, University of Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandra Chanraud
- Aquitaine Institute of Cognitive and Integrative Neuroscience, UMR CNRS 5287, University of Bordeaux, France
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28
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Abstract
Impulsivity is a multidimensional construct. Although gambling disorder (GD) has been associated with high impulsivity, impulsivity across multiple domains has not been thoroughly investigated in this population. We first aimed to examine whether associations between three facets of impulsivity (response impulsivity, choice impulsivity and impulsive tendency) varied between GD patients and healthy controls (HC). We next aimed to evaluate relationships between these three types of impulsivity, as proposed by theoretical models of impulsivity, and their associations with GD severity. The sample included 97 treatment-seeking adult men with GD, diagnosed according to DSM-5 criteria, and 32 male HCs recruited from the general population. Greater impulsivity in all three domains was found in men with GD in comparison to men without GD. Associations between impulsivity facets were found in both groups, with response impulsivity being the only domain associated with GD severity. Our findings confirm that multiple domains of impulsivity are relevant in GD. Future studies should examine the extent to which treatments aimed at targeting specific aspects of impulsivity improve outcomes.
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Hadzic A, Spangenberg L, Hallensleben N, Forkmann T, Rath D, Strauß M, Kersting A, Glaesmer H. The association of trait impulsivity and suicidal ideation and its fluctuation in the context of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. Compr Psychiatry 2019; 98:152158. [PMID: 32004858 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the relationship of trait impulsivity and suicidal behavior is well established, its relationship with suicidal ideation and its fluctuation still remains unclear. Our aim is to examine (1) the relationship of trait impulsivity and suicidal ideation and behavior in the context of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) and (2) the association of trait impulsivity with the fluctuation of suicidal ideation in an inpatient sample with unipolar depression. METHOD Eighty-four inpatients with unipolar depression and current and/or lifetime suicidal ideation were assessed with a baseline assessment including trait impulsivity, suicidal ideation, suicidal behavior and the constructs of the IPTS. Seventy-four of these patients underwent a 6-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) with 10 assessments per day across six days assessing passive and active suicidal ideation. Mean squared successive differences (MSSD) across EMA assessments of suicidal ideation were calculated to test fluctuation as an indicator of temporal variability. Correlation analyses were conducted to test the associations. RESULTS There were no associations of trait impulsivity with suicidal ideation, thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, except the rather low but significant association between thwarted belongingness and the attention subdomain of trait impulsivity (r = 0.23*, p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, trait impulsivity showed a significant positive correlation with capability for suicide but not with the two subdomains of capability for suicide. The only significant but rather low correlation was identified between the motor aspect of trait impulsivity and fearlessness about death (r = 0.26, p ≤ 0.01). Suicidal behavior showed a positive correlation with trait impulsivity, but not with the different subdomains of trait impulsivity. Trait impulsivity showed a significant correlation with the MSSD of passive suicidal ideation (r = 0.26, p ≤ 0.05), but not with active suicidal ideation. Furthermore, the motor aspect of trait impulsivity (BIS motor) showed a significant correlation (r = 0.32, p ≤ 0.01) with the MSSD of passive suicidal ideation, but not with active suicidal ideation or the MSSD total score. CONCLUSION Overall the findings are in line with our assumptions and the IPTS and underline that trait impulsivity is related to suicidal behavior and the fluctuation of suicidal ideation, but not to suicidal ideation itself. Thus, trait impulsivity seems to act as a distal risk factor via capability for suicide and it seems to play a role for the dynamics of suicidal ideation. The results have to be investigated in larger samples, with a higher risk of suicide and in prospective studies. Moreover, the role of the fluctuation of suicidal ideation for the prediction of suicide risk should be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Hadzic
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Lena Spangenberg
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Nina Hallensleben
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Forkmann
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Dajana Rath
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - Maria Strauß
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Anette Kersting
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Heide Glaesmer
- Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Germany.
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Miglin R, Bounoua N, Goodling S, Sheehan A, Spielberg JM, Sadeh N. Cortical Thickness Links Impulsive Personality Traits and Risky Behavior. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9120373. [PMID: 31847131 PMCID: PMC6955970 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9120373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Impulsive personality traits are often predictive of risky behavior, but not much is known about the neurobiological basis of this relationship. We investigated whether thickness of the cortical mantle varied as a function of impulsive traits and whether such variation also explained recent risky behavior. A community sample of 107 adults (ages 18–55; 54.2% men) completed self-report measures of impulsive traits and risky behavior followed by a neuroimaging protocol. Using the three-factor model of impulsive traits derived from the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, analysis of the entire cortical mantle identified three thickness clusters that related to impulsive traits. Sensation seeking was negatively related to thickness in the right pericalcarine cortex, whereas impulsive urgency was positively associated with thickness in the left superior parietal and right paracentral lobule. Notably, follow-up analyses showed that thickness in the right pericalcarine cortex also related to recent risky behavior, with the identified cluster mediating the association between sensation seeking and risky behavior. Findings suggest that reduced thickness in the pericalcarine region partially explains the link between sensation seeking and the tendency to engage in risky behavior, providing new insight into the neurobiological basis of these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickie Miglin
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (N.S.)
| | - Nadia Bounoua
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Shelly Goodling
- Department of Psychology, York College of Pennsylvania, York, PA 17403, USA;
| | - Ana Sheehan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Jeffrey M. Spielberg
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Naomi Sadeh
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713, USA; (N.B.); (A.S.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (N.S.)
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31
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Schwartz F, Tahmasian M, Maier F, Rochhausen L, Schnorrenberg KL, Samea F, Seemiller J, Zarei M, Sorg C, Drzezga A, Timmermann L, Meyer TD, van Eimeren T, Eggers C. Overlapping and distinct neural metabolic patterns related to impulsivity and hypomania in Parkinson's disease. Brain Imaging Behav 2019; 13:241-254. [PMID: 29322397 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-017-9812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity and hypomania are common non-motor features in Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to find the overlapping and distinct neural correlates of these symptoms in PD. Symptoms of impulsivity and hypomania were assessed in 24 PD patients using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and Self-Report Manic Inventory (SRMI), respectively. In addition, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging for each individual was performed. We conducted two separate multiple regression analyses for BIS-11 and SRMI scores with FDG-PET data to identify the brain regions that are associated with both impulsivity and hypomania scores, as well as those exclusive to each symptom. Then, seed-based functional connectivity analyses on healthy subjects identified the areas connected to each of the exclusive regions and the overlapping region, used as seeds. We observed a positive association between BIS-11 and SRMI scores and neural metabolism only in the prefrontal areas. Conjunction analysis revealed an overlapping region in the middle frontal gyrus. Regions exclusive to impulsivity were found in the medial part of the right superior frontal gyrus and regions exclusive to hypomania were in the right superior frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus and right paracentral lobule. Connectivity patterns of seeds exclusively related to impulsivity were different from those for hypomania in healthy brains. These results provide evidence of both overlapping and distinct regions linked with impulsivity and hypomania scores in PD. The exclusive regions for each characteristic are connected to specific intrinsic functional networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Luisa Rochhausen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Fateme Samea
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Christian Sorg
- Departments of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,TUM-Neuroimaging Center (TUM-NIC), Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lars Timmermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas D Meyer
- McGovern Medical School, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thilo van Eimeren
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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32
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Yohn SE, Galbraith J, Calipari ES, Conn PJ. Shared Behavioral and Neurocircuitry Disruptions in Drug Addiction, Obesity, and Binge Eating Disorder: Focus on Group I mGluRs in the Mesolimbic Dopamine Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2125-2143. [PMID: 30933466 PMCID: PMC7898461 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated data from clinical and preclinical studies suggest that, in drug addiction and states of overeating, such as obesity and binge eating disorder (BED), there is an imbalance in circuits that are critical for motivation, reward saliency, executive function, and self-control. Central to these pathologies and the extensive topic of this Review are the aberrations in dopamine (DA) and glutamate (Glu) within the mesolimbic pathway. Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) are highly expressed in the mesolimbic pathway and are poised in key positions to modulate disruptions in synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter release observed in drug addiction, obesity, and BED. The use of allosteric modulators of group I mGlus has been studied in drug addiction, as they offer several advantages over traditional orthosteric agents. However, they have yet to be studied in obesity or BED. With the substantial overlap between the neurocircuitry involved in drug addiction and eating disorders, group I mGlus may also provide novel targets for obesity and BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha E. Yohn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
| | - Jordan Galbraith
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
| | - Erin S. Calipari
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, 37232, United States
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33
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Alves MB, Laureano DP, Dalle Molle R, Machado TD, Salvador APDA, Miguel PM, Lupinsky D, Dalmaz C, Silveira PP. Intrauterine growth restriction increases impulsive behavior and is associated with altered dopamine transmission in both medial prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex in female rats. Physiol Behav 2019; 204:336-346. [PMID: 30880239 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have implicated a role for impulsivity in the altered eating behaviors and the increased risk for obesity consistently associated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Changes in dopamine transmission within prefrontal areas are believed to contribute to these adverse outcomes. Here we investigated the impulsive behavior toward a delayed reward and evaluated dopamine levels and its receptors in the medial prefrontal (mPFC) and orbitofrontal (OFC) cortex of female adult rats exposed to IUGR. From day 10 of pregnancy and until birth, Sprague-Dawley dams received either an ad libitum (Adlib) or a 50% food-restricted (FR) diet. At birth, all pups were adopted by Adlib mothers, generating the groups Adlib/Adlib (control) and FR/Adlib (intrauterine growth-restricted). Adult impulsive behavior was evaluated using a Tolerance to Delay of Reward Task. In vivo dopamine responses to sweet food intake were measured by voltammetry, and D1, D2 and DAT levels were accessed by Western Blot. Animals from FR group showed a pronounced aversion to delayed rewards. DA response to sweet food was found to be blunted in the mPFC of FR animals, whereas in the OFC, the DA levels appear to be unaffected by reward consumption. Moreover, FR animals presented reduced D1 receptors in the OFC and a later increase in the mPFC D2 levels. These findings suggest that IUGR female rats are more impulsive and that the associated mechanism involves changes in the dopamine signaling in both the mPFC and OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Bonesso Alves
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Pereira Laureano
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roberta Dalle Molle
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tania Diniz Machado
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Maidana Miguel
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Derek Lupinsky
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carla Dalmaz
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Programa de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Pelufo Silveira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Sackler Program for Epigenetics & Psychobiology, McGill University, Canada
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34
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Khairallah C, Zoghbi M, Richa S, Bou Khalil R. Disgust, impulsivity and depressive dimensions in subjects at risk for bulimia nervosa and/or binge eating disorder. Asian J Psychiatr 2019; 39:32-34. [PMID: 30522004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE the study aims to assess the depressive symptoms, the disgust feeling and the impulsivity index in subjects showing a high risk of binge eating disorder (BED) and/or bulimia nervosa (BN) through a cross-sectional study of 150 participants. RESULTS There was no significant difference regarding age, sex, employment and marital status between subjects at high risk for BED/BN (Group A) and controls (Group B). However, participants in group A presented higher scores of depressions (p = 0.021), impulsivity (p = 0.027) and Disgust (p = 0.030) with significant associations. CONCLUSION The neurobiological basis for these associations might be related to a dysfunction in the insular cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marouan Zoghbi
- Biostatistics, Saint-Joseph University, Achrafieh, Lebanon
| | - Sami Richa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Achrafieh, Lebanon
| | - Rami Bou Khalil
- Department of Psychiatry, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Achrafieh, Lebanon
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35
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Peng X, Brenner LA, Mathai AJ, Cook TB, Fuchs D, Postolache N, Groer MW, Pandey JP, Mohyuddin F, Giegling I, Wadhawan A, Hartmann AM, Konte B, Brundin L, Friedl M, Stiller JW, Lowry CA, Rujescu D, Postolache TT. Moderation of the relationship between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and trait impulsivity in younger men by the phenylalanine-tyrosine ratio. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:992-1000. [PMID: 30057257 PMCID: PMC6371810 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)-seropositivity is associated with higher impulsive sensation seeking in younger men. As dopaminergic and serotonergic signaling regulate impulsivity, and as T. gondii directly and indirectly affects dopaminergic signaling and induces activation of the kynurenine pathway leading to the diversion of tryptophan from serotonin production, we investigated if dopamine and serotonin precursors or the tryptophan metabolite kynurenine interact with the T. gondii-impulsivity association. In 950 psychiatrically healthy participants, trait impulsivity scores were related to T. gondii IgG seropositivity. Interactions were also identified between categorized levels of phenylalanine (Phe), tyrosine (Tyr), Phe:Tyr ratio, kynurenine (Kyn), tryptophan (Trp) and Kyn:Trp ratio, and age and gender. Only younger T. gondii-positive men with a high Phe:Tyr ratio, were found to have significantly higher impulsivity scores. There were no significant associations in other demographic groups, including women and older men. No significant effects or interactions were identified for Phe, Tyr, Kyn, Trp, or Kyn:Trp ratio. Phe:Tyr ratio, therefore, may play a moderating role in the association between T. gondii seropositivity and impulsivity in younger men. These results could potentially lead to individualized approaches to reduce impulsivity, based on combined demographic, biochemical and serological factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Peng
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lisa A. Brenner
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Suicide Prevention, Denver, CO, USA,University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Departments of Psychiatry, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, and Neurology, Denver, CO, USA,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE). Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ashwin J. Mathai
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Thomas B. Cook
- Department of Public Health & Mercyhurst Institute for Public Health, Mercyhurst University, Erie, PA, USA
| | - Dietmar Fuchs
- Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nadine Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Janardan P. Pandey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Farooq Mohyuddin
- Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Abhishek Wadhawan
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Annette M. Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Lena Brundin
- Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University and the Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Marion Friedl
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - John W. Stiller
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher A. Lowry
- Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Suicide Prevention, Denver, CO, USA,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE). Denver, CO, USA,Department of Integrative Physiology and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Teodor T. Postolache
- Mood and Anxiety Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC) for Suicide Prevention, Denver, CO, USA,Military and Veteran Microbiome: Consortium for Research and Education (MVM-CoRE). Denver, CO, USA,VA Capitol Health Care Network, Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (VISN 5 MIRECC), Baltimore, MD, USA,Correspondent author. (T.T. Postolache)
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Kozak K, Lucatch AM, Lowe DJE, Balodis IM, MacKillop J, George TP. The neurobiology of impulsivity and substance use disorders: implications for treatment. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1451:71-91. [PMID: 30291624 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Impulsivity is strongly associated with substance use disorders (SUDs). Our review discusses impulsivity as an underlying vulnerability marker for SUDs, and treatment of co-occurring impulsivity in SUDs. Three factors should be considered for the complex relationship between impulsivity and a SUD: (1) the trait effect of impulsivity, centering on decreased cognitive and response inhibition, (2) the state effect resulting from either acute or chronic substance use on brain structure and function, and (3) the genetic and environmental factors (e.g., age and sex) may influence impulsive behavior associated with SUDs. Both subjective and objective measures are used to assess impulsivity. Together, treatment developments (pharmacological, behavioral, and neurophysiological) should consider these clinically relevant dimensions assessed by a variety of measures, which have implications for treatment matching in individuals with SUD. Despite its heterogeneity, impulsivity is a marker associated with SUDs and may be understood as an imbalance of bottom-up and top-down neural systems. Further investigation of these relationships may lead to more effective SUD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kozak
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aliya M Lucatch
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darby J E Lowe
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Iris M Balodis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tony P George
- Addictions Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Brain and Therapeutics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tian M, Tao R, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Yang G, Li Q, Liu X. Internet gaming disorder in adolescents is linked to delay discounting but not probability discounting. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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38
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Caravaggio F, Plitman E, Chung JK, Gerretsen P, Kim J, Iwata Y, Chakravarty M, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A. Trait impulsiveness is related to smaller post-commissural putamen volumes in males but not females. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2253-2264. [PMID: 28833754 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity is considered a vulnerability trait for addiction. Recently, we found trait non-planning impulsiveness measured with the Karolinska Scales of Personality was negatively correlated with dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in the ventral striatum of healthy humans. While also observed in rodents, human studies have failed to find this association with other measures of trait impulsivity. We explored whether another rodent finding, reduced ventral striatum volume with greater impulsivity, could also be observed in humans using this scale. Non-planning impulsiveness was measured in 52 healthy subjects (21 female; mean age: 33.06 ± 9.69) using the Karolinska Scales of Personality. Striatal subregion volumes, including the globus pallidus, were acquired using the Multiple Automatically Generated Templates (MAGeT-Brain) algorithm. Although failing to support our a priori hypothesis, there was a significant sex interaction in the post-commissural putamen with impulsiveness. Exploratory analyses revealed impulsiveness was negatively correlated with post-commissural putamen volumes in males, but positively correlated in females. We replicated this finding in males in an increased sample (including all 52 previous subjects) who provided impulsiveness measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory (n = 73; 32 female; mean age: 33.48 ± 9.75). These correlations by sex were statistically different from one another, the main finding with the Kasolinksa Scales of Personality surviving correction for multiple comparisons. While impulsivity may be related to reduced ventral striatal D2/3 receptors across sexes, males but not females may show significant reductions in post-commissural putamen volume. These findings have important implications for understanding biological markers underlying sex differences in drug addiction vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaggio
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Plitman
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Jun Ku Chung
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Kim
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mallar Chakravarty
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Cerebral Imaging Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Moreno Padilla M, O’Halloran L, Bennett M, Cao Z, Whelan R. Impulsivity and Reward Processing Endophenotypes in Youth Alcohol Misuse. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-017-0167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Watterson E, Mazur GJ, Sanabria F. Validation of a method to assess ADHD-related impulsivity in animal models. J Neurosci Methods 2015; 252:36-47. [PMID: 25840365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Response inhibition capacity (RIC), the ability to withhold instrumentally reinforced responses, is compromised in ADHD. Most standard methods for assessing RIC in rodents potentially confound motivational, motor, learning, and inhibitory processes, lack sensitivity to pharmacological treatment, and have unknown reliability. NEW METHOD The fixed minimum interval (FMI) schedule of reinforcement and its associated analytical techniques are designed to dissociate inhibitory processes from incentive-motivational and timing processes. This study is aimed at validating the FMI as a method for assessing RIC in animal models. FMI performance was compared across different withholding requirements (0.5, 3, 6 and 21s), deprivation levels, reinforcement rates, and reinforcer magnitudes. RESULTS AND COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Motivational manipulations differentially affected estimates of incentive motivation but not the FMI-derived index of RIC, θ. Changes in the withholding requirement influenced timed IRTs in a manner consistent with extant timing theories. Individual estimates of RIC were resilient to prolonged changes in motivation but not to changes in FMI schedule. Results indicate that the FMI schedule is not vulnerable to the same limitations associated with existing methods for assessing RIC. CONCLUSIONS These results support the use of the FMI schedule and associated analytic techniques as tools for assessing RIC in animal models.
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