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Schlüter M, Hertz T, Mancilla García M, Banitz T, Grimm V, Johansson LG, Lindkvist E, Martínez-Peña R, Radosavljevic S, Wennberg K, Ylikoski P. Navigating causal reasoning in sustainability science. AMBIO 2024; 53:1618-1631. [PMID: 39020099 PMCID: PMC11436621 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-02047-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
When reasoning about causes of sustainability problems and possible solutions, sustainability scientists rely on disciplinary-based understanding of cause-effect relations. These disciplinary assumptions enable and constrain how causal knowledge is generated, yet they are rarely made explicit. In a multidisciplinary field like sustainability science, lack of understanding differences in causal reasoning impedes our ability to address complex sustainability problems. To support navigating the diversity of causal reasoning, we articulate when and how during a research process researchers engage in causal reasoning and discuss four common ideas about causation that direct it. This articulation provides guidance for researchers to make their own assumptions and choices transparent and to interpret other researchers' approaches. Understanding how causal claims are made and justified enables sustainability researchers to evaluate the diversity of causal claims, to build collaborations across disciplines, and to assess whether proposed solutions are suitable for a given problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Schlüter
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Albanovägen 28, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tilman Hertz
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Albanovägen 28, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - María Mancilla García
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Albanovägen 28, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Banitz
- Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volker Grimm
- Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lars-Göran Johansson
- Department of Philosophy, University of Uppsala, Box 627, 751 26, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Emilie Lindkvist
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Albanovägen 28, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Martínez-Peña
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Albanovägen 28, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden
- The Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Sonja Radosavljevic
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Albanovägen 28, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl Wennberg
- The Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
- Stockholm School of Economics, Box 6501, 113 83, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petri Ylikoski
- The Institute for Analytical Sociology, Linköping University, 601 74, Norrköping, Sweden
- Department of Sociology, University of Helsinki, PO Box 18, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
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2
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Duggan J, Clement S, Cvitanovic C, van Putten I. Incorporating sense of place into the management of social-ecological systems: The researchers' perspectives. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308726. [PMID: 39269954 PMCID: PMC11398684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
As the world around us changes, so too do the bonds that people have with their environment. These environmental bonds, or Senses of Place (SoP), are a key component of social-ecological systems (SESs). SoP has social, psychological and economic value, it impacts how people use and behave in an environment and how they respond to changes such as those caused by anthropogenic pressures. Despite this connection, the consideration and application of SoP in the management of SESs remains relatively under explored. This study takes the first step in addressing that gap by investigating the perceptions of researchers in the field. We achieve this by interviewing SoP researchers from around the globe to elucidate whether they see SoP as valuable for the management of SES. We also identify their perspectives on the barriers to, and enablers of, incorporating SoP into policy and management. Results show while researchers do see the value in incorporating SoP into policy, there are a range of barriers that impact this, most notably, the intangible nature of the phenomena and shortcomings of current governance systems. Results also identify a range of enablers that could improve the incorporation of SoP into policy-particularly through improved engagement and communication between stakeholders. These findings represent a first step in the formal inclusion of this social value into the management of SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Duggan
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Department of Pacific Affairs, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sarah Clement
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Christopher Cvitanovic
- School of Business, Australian Capital Territory, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australia
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ingrid van Putten
- Environment, CSIRO, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
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3
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Duggan J, Cvitanovic C, van Putten I. An Evolving Understanding of Sense of Place in Social-Ecological Systems Research and the Barriers and Enablers to its Measurement. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 73:19-33. [PMID: 37725118 PMCID: PMC10786989 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-023-01882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Social-ecological systems (SES) are changing more in the Anthropocene than ever before. With this also comes a change in Sense of Place (SoP), that is, the emotional bond that a person (or group of people) has with a place. This impacts how individuals and groups interact with a place (i.e., their behaviours) and respond to disturbance or change (i.e., their adaptive capacity). To understand how SoP is changing across space and time and to be able to compare this across social-ecological contexts, we must first take stock of how SoP is conceptualised so as to understand how to capture and measure the phenomena in a meaningful way (e.g., to inform policy). Based on in-depth qualitative interviews with leading SoP researchers (n = 17 from 8 countries) this paper aims to identify: (1) the current breadth of theoretical conceptualisations for SoP; (2) the methodologies that have been used to measure SoP in different contexts and settings; and (3) the barriers and (4) enablers to the use of different methodologies. Results show that there has been a change in how SoP has been conceptualised over time, whereby it was traditionally considered as something singular and limited, towards something much more dynamic. Results also show that diverse methods (both quantitative and qualitative) have been used to measure SoP, but the choice of method is often a result of resource constraints that limit research design. These findings suggest that broader collaboration among stakeholders and increased interdisciplinarity would undoubtedly lead to improved outcomes in our understanding of SoP, specifically how it is changing in response to anthropogenic pressures, and how the results can be integrated into policy and practice to support environment conservation and management. It is hoped these findings can help establish a community of practice around how we conceptualise SoP, and hence understand it, to create space for methodological integration and shared learnings as a field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Duggan
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- Department of Pacific Affairs, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | | | - Ingrid van Putten
- Oceans and Atmosphere, CSIRO, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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4
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Fefferman NH, McAlister JS, Akpa BS, Akwataghibe K, Azad FT, Barkley K, Bleichrodt A, Blum MJ, Bourouiba L, Bromberg Y, Candan KS, Chowell G, Clancey E, Cothran FA, DeWitte SN, Fernandez P, Finnoff D, Flaherty DT, Gibson NL, Harris N, He Q, Lofgren ET, Miller DL, Moody J, Muccio K, Nunn CL, Papeș M, Paschalidis IC, Pasquale DK, Reed JM, Rogers MB, Schreiner CL, Strand EB, Swanson CS, Szabo-Rogers HL, Ryan SJ. A New Paradigm for Pandemic Preparedness. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2023; 10:240-251. [PMID: 39055963 PMCID: PMC11271254 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-023-00336-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Preparing for pandemics requires a degree of interdisciplinary work that is challenging under the current paradigm. This review summarizes the challenges faced by the field of pandemic science and proposes how to address them. Recent Findings The structure of current siloed systems of research organizations hinders effective interdisciplinary pandemic research. Moreover, effective pandemic preparedness requires stakeholders in public policy and health to interact and integrate new findings rapidly, relying on a robust, responsive, and productive research domain. Neither of these requirements are well supported under the current system. Summary We propose a new paradigm for pandemic preparedness wherein interdisciplinary research and close collaboration with public policy and health practitioners can improve our ability to prevent, detect, and treat pandemics through tighter integration among domains, rapid and accurate integration, and translation of science to public policy, outreach and education, and improved venues and incentives for sustainable and robust interdisciplinary work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina H. Fefferman
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3140, USA
- University of Tennessee, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - John S. McAlister
- Department of Mathematics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Belinda S. Akpa
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | | | - Fahim Tasneema Azad
- School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence (SCAI), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Amanda Bleichrodt
- Georgia State University, Prior Second Century Initiative (2CI) Clusters, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael J. Blum
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3140, USA
| | - L. Bourouiba
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yana Bromberg
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K. Selçuk Candan
- School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence (SCAI), Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Gerardo Chowell
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Georgia State University School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erin Clancey
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | | | - Sharon N. DeWitte
- Institute of Behavioural Science and Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Pilar Fernandez
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - David Finnoff
- Department of Economics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - D. T. Flaherty
- University of Tennessee, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Nathaniel L. Gibson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3140, USA
| | - Natalie Harris
- University of Tennessee, National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- The University of Tennessee, Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Eric T. Lofgren
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Health, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Debra L. Miller
- One Health Initiative, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - James Moody
- Department of Sociology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kaitlin Muccio
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Charles L. Nunn
- Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University, Duke Global Health Institute, Durham, NC, USA
- Triangle Center for Evolutionary Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Monica Papeș
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3140, USA
| | | | - Dana K. Pasquale
- Duke Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Network Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Matthew B. Rogers
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Courtney L. Schreiner
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996-3140, USA
| | - Elizabeth B. Strand
- Colleges of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
- Social Work Center for Veterinary Social Work, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Clifford S. Swanson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Heather L. Szabo-Rogers
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Sadie J. Ryan
- Department of Geography, Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation (QDEC) Lab, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida, Emerging Pathogens Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
- College of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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5
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Thorogood R, Mustonen V, Aleixo A, Aphalo PJ, Asiegbu FO, Cabeza M, Cairns J, Candolin U, Cardoso P, Eronen JT, Hällfors M, Hovatta I, Juslén A, Kovalchuk A, Kulmuni J, Kuula L, Mäkipää R, Ovaskainen O, Pesonen AK, Primmer CR, Saastamoinen M, Schulman AH, Schulman L, Strona G, Vanhatalo J. Understanding and applying biological resilience, from genes to ecosystems. NPJ BIODIVERSITY 2023; 2:16. [PMID: 39242840 PMCID: PMC11332022 DOI: 10.1038/s44185-023-00022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The natural world is under unprecedented and accelerating pressure. Much work on understanding resilience to local and global environmental change has, so far, focussed on ecosystems. However, understanding a system's behaviour requires knowledge of its component parts and their interactions. Here we call for increased efforts to understand 'biological resilience', or the processes that enable components across biological levels, from genes to communities, to resist or recover from perturbations. Although ecologists and evolutionary biologists have the tool-boxes to examine form and function, efforts to integrate this knowledge across biological levels and take advantage of big data (e.g. ecological and genomic) are only just beginning. We argue that combining eco-evolutionary knowledge with ecosystem-level concepts of resilience will provide the mechanistic basis necessary to improve management of human, natural and agricultural ecosystems, and outline some of the challenges in achieving an understanding of biological resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Thorogood
- HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ville Mustonen
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute for Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alexandre Aleixo
- LUOMUS Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro J Aphalo
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fred O Asiegbu
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mar Cabeza
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- HELSUS Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johannes Cairns
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulrika Candolin
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- LUOMUS Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jussi T Eronen
- HELSUS Helsinki Institute of Sustainability Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programme in Ecosystems and Environment, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- BIOS Research Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Hällfors
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Syke Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Iiris Hovatta
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute for Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aino Juslén
- LUOMUS Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Syke Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Andriy Kovalchuk
- Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland
- Onego Bio Ltd, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonna Kulmuni
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liisa Kuula
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Raisa Mäkipää
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Otso Ovaskainen
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Anu-Katriina Pesonen
- SleepWell Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Craig R Primmer
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute for Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marjo Saastamoinen
- HiLIFE Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alan H Schulman
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE Helsinki Institute for Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leif Schulman
- LUOMUS Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Syke Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giovanni Strona
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate D - Sustainable Resources, Ispra, Italy
| | - Jarno Vanhatalo
- Research Programme in Organismal & Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Centre for Ecological Change, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Cooke SJ, Fulton EA, Sauer WHH, Lynch AJ, Link JS, Koning AA, Jena J, Silva LGM, King AJ, Kelly R, Osborne M, Nakamura J, Preece AL, Hagiwara A, Forsberg K, Kellner JB, Coscia I, Helyar S, Barange M, Nyboer E, Williams MJ, Chuenpagdee R, Begg GA, Gillanders BM. Towards vibrant fish populations and sustainable fisheries that benefit all: learning from the last 30 years to inform the next 30 years. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2023; 33:317-347. [PMID: 37122954 PMCID: PMC9985478 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-023-09765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A common goal among fisheries science professionals, stakeholders, and rights holders is to ensure the persistence and resilience of vibrant fish populations and sustainable, equitable fisheries in diverse aquatic ecosystems, from small headwater streams to offshore pelagic waters. Achieving this goal requires a complex intersection of science and management, and a recognition of the interconnections among people, place, and fish that govern these tightly coupled socioecological and sociotechnical systems. The World Fisheries Congress (WFC) convenes every four years and provides a unique global forum to debate and discuss threats, issues, and opportunities facing fish populations and fisheries. The 2021 WFC meeting, hosted remotely in Adelaide, Australia, marked the 30th year since the first meeting was held in Athens, Greece, and provided an opportunity to reflect on progress made in the past 30 years and provide guidance for the future. We assembled a diverse team of individuals involved with the Adelaide WFC and reflected on the major challenges that faced fish and fisheries over the past 30 years, discussed progress toward overcoming those challenges, and then used themes that emerged during the Congress to identify issues and opportunities to improve sustainability in the world's fisheries for the next 30 years. Key future needs and opportunities identified include: rethinking fisheries management systems and modelling approaches, modernizing and integrating assessment and information systems, being responsive and flexible in addressing persistent and emerging threats to fish and fisheries, mainstreaming the human dimension of fisheries, rethinking governance, policy and compliance, and achieving equity and inclusion in fisheries. We also identified a number of cross-cutting themes including better understanding the role of fish as nutrition in a hungry world, adapting to climate change, embracing transdisciplinarity, respecting Indigenous knowledge systems, thinking ahead with foresight science, and working together across scales. By reflecting on the past and thinking about the future, we aim to provide guidance for achieving our mutual goal of sustaining vibrant fish populations and sustainable fisheries that benefit all. We hope that this prospective thinking can serve as a guide to (i) assess progress towards achieving this lofty goal and (ii) refine our path with input from new and emerging voices and approaches in fisheries science, management, and stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Elizabeth A. Fulton
- CSIRO Environment, Hobart, 7001 TAS Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001 TAS Australia
| | - Warwick H. H. Sauer
- Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Abigail J. Lynch
- National Climate Adaptation Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Reston, VA 20192 USA
| | - Jason S. Link
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Woods Hole, MA USA
| | - Aaron A. Koning
- Global Water Center, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV USA
| | - Joykrushna Jena
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan-II, Pusa, New Delhi, 110012 India
| | - Luiz G. M. Silva
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alison J. King
- Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, La Trobe University, Wodonga, 3690 Vic Australia
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 7001 TAS Australia
| | - Matthew Osborne
- Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade, Northern Territory Government, Darwin, 0800 NT Australia
| | - Julia Nakamura
- Strathclyde Centre for Environmental Law and Governance, University of Strathclyde Law School, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Atsushi Hagiwara
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8521 Japan
| | | | - Julie B. Kellner
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Falmouth, MA 02453 USA
- International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, 1553 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ilaria Coscia
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford, M5 4WT UK
| | - Sarah Helyar
- School of Biological Sciences/Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Manuel Barange
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale Delle Terme Di Caracalla S/N, 00153 Rome, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Nyboer
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | | | - Ratana Chuenpagdee
- Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NFLD Canada
| | - Gavin A. Begg
- Department of Primary Industries and Regions, PO Box 120, Henley Beach, 5022 SA Australia
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7
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Dando TR, Crowley SL, Young RP, Carter SP, McDonald RA. Social feasibility assessments in conservation translocations. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 38:459-472. [PMID: 36567154 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Improving the effectiveness of conservation translocations could contribute to reversing global biodiversity loss. Although evaluations of ecological factors affecting translocation outcomes are commonplace, consideration of human social factors remains rare, hindering improvements to this conservation practice. We analysed 550 translocation case studies to explore the inclusion of social factors in project feasibility assessments. Reviewed projects often failed to assess social feasibility, and assessments, where attempted, tended to be narrow in scope. Consequently, challenges such as proactively addressing conflict often remained unaddressed. Insufficient knowledge sharing and prioritisation of ecological feasibility, to the detriment of social feasibility, remain barriers to effective planning. Successful outcomes of translocations are linked to early assessment of social feasibility and to the establishment of long-term commitments between people, places, and partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Dando
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, UK.
| | - Sarah L Crowley
- Centre for Geography and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, UK
| | - Richard P Young
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5BP, Channel Islands
| | - Stephen P Carter
- Vincent Wildlife Trust, 3 and 4 Bronsil Courtyard, Eastnor, Ledbury HR8 1EP, Herefordshire, UK
| | - Robbie A McDonald
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, UK.
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8
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Satterthwaite EV, Komyakova V, Erazo NG, Gammage L, Juma GA, Kelly R, Kleinman D, Lobelle D, James RS, Zanuri NBM. Five actionable pillars to engage the next generation of leaders in the co-design of transformative ocean solutions. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001832. [PMID: 36251638 PMCID: PMC9576046 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Solutions to complex and unprecedented global challenges are urgently needed. Overcoming these challenges requires input and innovative solutions from all experts, including Early Career Ocean Professionals (ECOPs). To achieve diverse inclusion from ECOPs, fundamental changes must occur at all levels—from individuals to organizations. Drawing on insights from across the globe, we propose 5 actionable pillars that support the engagement of ECOPs in co-design processes that address ocean sustainability: sharing knowledge through networks and mentorship, providing cross-boundary training and opportunities, incentivizing and celebrating knowledge co-design, creating inclusive and participatory governance structures, and catalyzing culture change for inclusivity. Foundational to all actions are the cross-cutting principles of justice, equity, diversity, and inclusivity. In addition, the pillars are cross-boundary in nature, including collaboration and innovation across sectors, disciplines, regions, generations, and backgrounds. Together, these recommendations provide an actionable and iterative path toward inclusive engagement and intergenerational exchange that can develop ocean solutions for a sustainable future. Early Career Ocean Professionals (ECOPs) need to engage in co-design processes that address ocean sustainability. This Consensus View proposes five pillars to provide an actionable and iterative path toward inclusive engagement and intergenerational exchange that can develop ocean solutions for a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin V. Satterthwaite
- California Sea Grant, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Valeriya Komyakova
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Natalia G. Erazo
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Louise Gammage
- Department of Biological Sciences and Marine & Antarctic Research for Innovation & Sustainability (MARIS), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gabriel A. Juma
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Daniel Kleinman
- Seaworthy Collective, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Delphine Lobelle
- Institute of Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rachel Sapery James
- Blue Pacific Programs Manager, WWF-Australia, Gubbi Gubbi Country, Sunshine Coast
| | - Norlaila Binti Mohd Zanuri
- Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies (CEMACS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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9
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Danylchuk AJ, Griffin LP, Ahrens R, Allen MS, Boucek RE, Brownscombe JW, Casselberry GA, Danylchuk SC, Filous A, Goldberg TL, Perez AU, Rehage JS, Santos RO, Shenker J, Wilson JK, Adams AJ, Cooke SJ. Cascading effects of climate change on recreational marine flats fishes and fisheries. ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES 2022; 106:381-416. [PMID: 36118617 PMCID: PMC9465673 DOI: 10.1007/s10641-022-01333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tropical and subtropical coastal flats are shallow regions of the marine environment at the intersection of land and sea. These regions provide myriad ecological goods and services, including recreational fisheries focused on flats-inhabiting fishes such as bonefish, tarpon, and permit. The cascading effects of climate change have the potential to negatively impact coastal flats around the globe and to reduce their ecological and economic value. In this paper, we consider how the combined effects of climate change, including extremes in temperature and precipitation regimes, sea level rise, and changes in nutrient dynamics, are causing rapid and potentially permanent changes to the structure and function of tropical and subtropical flats ecosystems. We then apply the available science on recreationally targeted fishes to reveal how these changes can cascade through layers of biological organization-from individuals, to populations, to communities-and ultimately impact the coastal systems that depend on them. We identify critical gaps in knowledge related to the extent and severity of these effects, and how such gaps influence the effectiveness of conservation, management, policy, and grassroots stewardship efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy J. Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Lucas P. Griffin
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Robert Ahrens
- Fisheries Research and Monitoring Division, NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg 176, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA
| | - Micheal S. Allen
- Nature Coast Biological Station, School of Forest, Fisheries and Geomatics Sciences, The University of Florida, 552 First Street, Cedar Key, FL 32625 USA
| | - Ross E. Boucek
- Bonefish & Tarpon Trust, 2937 SW 27th Ave, Suite 203, Miami, FL 33133 USA
- Earth and Environment Department, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA
| | - Jacob W. Brownscombe
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Grace A. Casselberry
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Sascha Clark Danylchuk
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
- Keep Fish Wet, 11 Kingman Road, Amherst, MA 01002 USA
| | - Alex Filous
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Tony L. Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1656 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - Addiel U. Perez
- Bonefish & Tarpon Trust, 2937 SW 27th Ave, Suite 203, Miami, FL 33133 USA
| | - Jennifer S. Rehage
- Earth and Environment Department, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 USA
| | - Rolando O. Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33181 USA
| | - Jonathan Shenker
- Department of Ocean Engineering and Marine Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, FL 32904 USA
| | - JoEllen K. Wilson
- Bonefish & Tarpon Trust, 2937 SW 27th Ave, Suite 203, Miami, FL 33133 USA
| | - Aaron J. Adams
- Bonefish & Tarpon Trust, 2937 SW 27th Ave, Suite 203, Miami, FL 33133 USA
- Florida Atlantic University Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, 5600 US 1 North, Fort Pierce, FL 34946 USA
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
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10
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McKinley E, Kelly R, Mackay M, Shellock R, Cvitanovic C, van Putten I. Development and expansion in the marine social sciences: Insights from the global community. iScience 2022; 25:104735. [PMID: 35942098 PMCID: PMC9356031 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of understanding the complexities of societal relationships with our global ocean, and how these influence sustainable management and effective, equitable governance, is crucial to addressing ocean challenges. Using established horizon scanning method, this paper explores current trends in marine social sciences through a survey of the global marine social science research and practitioner community (n = 106). We find that marine social sciences research is broad, covering themes relating to governance and decision-making, stakeholder participation and engagement, the socio-cultural dimensions of marine systems, ocean literacy, community-based and area-specific management, and the blue economy, and identify future research priorities highlighted by the community. Our results, however, suggest several barriers persist, including the relationship between marine social sciences and other disciplines, and the visibility and recognition of marine social sciences both internal and external to academia. Finally, the paper generates prospective thinking and highlights recommendations for future research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma McKinley
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
- Future Ocean and Coastal Infrastructure Consortium, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Mary Mackay
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
| | - Rebecca Shellock
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Christopher Cvitanovic
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ingrid van Putten
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005, Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia
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11
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Nyboer EA, Reid AJ, Jeanson AL, Kelly R, Mackay M, House J, Arnold SM, Simonin PW, Sedanza MGC, Rice ED, Quiros TEAL, Pierucci A, Ortega-Cisneros K, Nakamura JN, Melli V, Mbabazi S, Martins MSL, Ledesma ABB, Obregón C, Labatt CK, Kadykalo AN, Heldsinger M, Green ME, Fuller JL, Franco-Meléndez M, Burnett MJ, Bolin JA, Andrade-Vera S, Cooke SJ. Goals, challenges, and next steps in transdisciplinary fisheries research: perspectives and experiences from early-career researchers. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2022; 33:349-374. [PMID: 35968251 PMCID: PMC9361974 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-022-09719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fisheries are highly complex social-ecological systems that often face 'wicked' problems from unsustainable resource management to climate change. Addressing these challenges requires transdisciplinary approaches that integrate perspectives across scientific disciplines and knowledge systems. Despite widespread calls for transdisciplinary fisheries research (TFR), there are still limitations in personal and institutional capacity to conduct and support this work to the highest potential. The viewpoints of early career researchers (ECRs) in this field can illuminate challenges and promote systemic change within fisheries research. This paper presents the perspectives of ECRs from across the globe, gathered through a virtual workshop held during the 2021 World Fisheries Congress, on goals, challenges, and future potential for TFR. Big picture goals for TFR were guided by principles of co-production and included (i) integrating transdisciplinary thinking at all stages of the research process, (ii) ensuring that research is inclusive and equitable, (iii) co-creating knowledge that is credible, relevant, actionable, and impactful, and (iv) consistently communicating with partners. Institutional inertia, lack of recognition of the extra time and labour required for TFR, and lack of skill development opportunities were identified as three key barriers in conducting TFR. Several critical actions were identified to help ECRs, established researchers, and institutions reach these goals. We encourage ECRs to form peer-mentorship networks to guide each other along the way. We suggest that established researchers ensure consistent mentorship while also giving space to ECR voices. Actions for institutions include retooling education programs, developing and implementing new metrics of impact, and critically examining individualism and privilege in academia. We suggest that the opportunities and actions identified here, if widely embraced now, can enable research that addresses complex challenges facing fishery systems contributing to a healthier future for fish and humans alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Nyboer
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Carleton Technology and Training Centre, Ottawa, ON 4440KK1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Andrea J. Reid
- Centre for Indigenous Fisheries, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Amanda L. Jeanson
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Carleton Technology and Training Centre, Ottawa, ON 4440KK1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000 Australia
| | - Mary Mackay
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7005 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jenny House
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Dr, Casuarina, NT 0810 Australia
| | | | - Paul W. Simonin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, 215 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Mary Grace C. Sedanza
- Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8521 Japan
- Institute of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 5023 Miagao, Iloilo Philippines
| | - Emma D. Rice
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan USA
| | - T. E. Angela L. Quiros
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Akkeshi Marine Station, Hokkaido University, Hokkaidô, Japan
| | - Andrea Pierucci
- COISPA Tecnologia & Ricerca, Stazione Sperimentale Per Lo Studio Delle Risorse del Mare, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Julia N. Nakamura
- Strathclyde Centre for Environmental Law and Governance (SCELG), University of Strathclyde Law School, Glasgow, UK
| | - Valentina Melli
- DTU Aqua, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, North Sea Science Park, 9850 Hirtshals, Denmark
| | - Stella Mbabazi
- Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Mariana S. L. Martins
- Fisheries Ecosystems Laboratory (LabPesq), Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil - Praça do Oceanográfico, 11 - sala 107 - Cidade Universitária, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Anne Brigette B. Ledesma
- Institute of Fisheries Policy and Development Studies, College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, 5023 Miagao, Iloilo Philippines
| | - Clara Obregón
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Chepkemboi K. Labatt
- School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Rd, Coleraine, BT52 1SA UK
- Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute-KMFRI, Ocean and Coastal Systems, PO Box 81651-80100, Mombasa, Kenya
| | - Andrew N. Kadykalo
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Carleton Technology and Training Centre, Ottawa, ON 4440KK1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Michael Heldsinger
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054 New Zealand
- RPS Group, Oceans and Coastal Sector, Level 2/27-31 Troode St, West Perth, WA 6005 Australia
| | - Madeline E. Green
- CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jessica L. Fuller
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Milagros Franco-Meléndez
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias con mención en Manejo de Recursos Acuáticos Renovables, Departamento de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Oceanográfica COPAS-Sur Austral, EPOMAR, Departamento de Oceanografía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Matthew J. Burnett
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Jessica A. Bolin
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD Australia
| | - Solange Andrade-Vera
- Charles Darwin Research Station, Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galápagos Islands Ecuador
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Carleton Technology and Training Centre, Ottawa, ON 4440KK1S 5B6 Canada
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12
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Karcher DB, Cvitanovic C, van Putten IE, Colvin RM, Armitage D, Aswani S, Ballesteros M, Ban NC, Barragán-Paladines MJ, Bednarek A, Bell JD, Brooks CM, Daw TM, de la Cruz-Modino R, Francis TB, Fulton EA, Hobday AJ, Holcer D, Hudson C, Jennerjahn TC, Kinney A, Knol-Kauffman M, Löf MF, Lopes PFM, Mackelworth PC, McQuatters-Gollop A, Muhl EK, Neihapi P, Pascual-Fernández JJ, Posner SM, Runhaar H, Sainsbury K, Sander G, Steenbergen DJ, Tuda PM, Whiteman E, Zhang J. Lessons from bright-spots for advancing knowledge exchange at the interface of marine science and policy. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 314:114994. [PMID: 35452885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Evidence-informed decision-making is in increasing demand given growing pressures on marine environments. A way to facilitate this is by knowledge exchange among marine scientists and decision-makers. While many barriers are reported in the literature, there are also examples whereby research has successfully informed marine decision-making (i.e., 'bright-spots'). Here, we identify and analyze 25 bright-spots from a wide range of marine fields, contexts, and locations to provide insights into how to improve knowledge exchange at the interface of marine science and policy. Through qualitative surveys we investigate what initiated the bright-spots, their goals, and approaches to knowledge exchange. We also seek to identify what outcomes/impacts have been achieved, the enablers of success, and what lessons can be learnt to guide future knowledge exchange efforts. Results show that a diversity of approaches were used for knowledge exchange, from consultative engagement to genuine knowledge co-production. We show that diverse successes at the interface of marine science and policy are achievable and include impacts on policy, people, and governance. Such successes were enabled by factors related to the actors, processes, support, context, and timing. For example, the importance of involving diverse actors and managing positive relationships is a key lesson for success. However, enabling routine success will require: 1) transforming the ways in which we train scientists to include a greater focus on interpersonal skills, 2) institutionalizing and supporting knowledge exchange activities in organizational agendas, 3) conceptualizing and implementing broader research impact metrics, and 4) transforming funding mechanisms to focus on need-based interventions, impact planning, and an acknowledgement of the required time and effort that underpin knowledge exchange activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis B Karcher
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Christopher Cvitanovic
- Australian National Centre for the Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ingrid E van Putten
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Colvin
- Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, ACT, Australia
| | - Derek Armitage
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Shankar Aswani
- Department of Anthropology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | - Marta Ballesteros
- Fisheries Socioeconomic Department, Centro Tecnológico del Mar- Fundación CETMAR, Vigo, Spain
| | - Natalie C Ban
- School of Environmental Studies, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8P 5C2, Canada
| | | | - Angela Bednarek
- Evidence Project, Research and Science, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Johann D Bell
- Center for Oceans, Conservation International, Arlington, VA, USA; Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Cassandra M Brooks
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
| | - Tim M Daw
- Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Kräftriket 2B, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raquel de la Cruz-Modino
- Instituto de Investigación Social y Turismo, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Tessa B Francis
- Puget Sound Institute, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Fulton
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Alistair J Hobday
- CSIRO, Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Draško Holcer
- Croatian Natural History Museum, Zagreb, Croatia; Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia
| | - Charlotte Hudson
- Lenfest Ocean Program, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Tim C Jennerjahn
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany; Faculty of Geoscience, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter Strasse, Bremen, Germany
| | - Aimee Kinney
- Puget Sound Institute, University of Washington Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Maaike Knol-Kauffman
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marie F Löf
- Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Priscila F M Lopes
- Fishing Ecology, Management and Economics Group, Department of Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Peter C Mackelworth
- Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation, Veli Lošinj, Croatia; Institute for Tourism, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Abigail McQuatters-Gollop
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Ella-Kari Muhl
- School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Pita Neihapi
- Vanuatu Fisheries Department, Port Vila, Vanuatu
| | - José J Pascual-Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Social y Turismo, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Stephen M Posner
- Gund Institute for Environment, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA
| | - Hens Runhaar
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, Utrecht, CB 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Keith Sainsbury
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Gunnar Sander
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), 0579, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk J Steenbergen
- Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul M Tuda
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Jialin Zhang
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Fahrenheitstrasse 6, Bremen, Germany
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13
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Kulak V, Longboat S, Brunet ND, Shukla M, Saxena P. In Vitro Technology in Plant Conservation: Relevance to Biocultural Diversity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040503. [PMID: 35214833 PMCID: PMC8876341 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant diversity is critical to the functioning of human societies, and evidence shows that plant conservation success is driven by integrative approaches that include social and biological factors. Plants have a unique capacity to reproduce asexually, and propagation practices can yield large numbers of plantlets. These plantlets can be used in several ways to fulfil conservation goals including the repopulation of regions with declining densities of threatened species that hold cultural meaning. However, the potential of in vitro technologies in the conservation of plants that hold cultural meaning is understudied. In this paper we focus upon the roles of in vitro technologies in the conservation of plants relevant to biocultural environments and provide an overview of potential knowledge gaps at the interface of in vitro and plants used traditionally, including those meaningful to Indigenous Peoples. We conclude that in vitro technologies can be powerful tools in biocultural conservation if they are deployed in a manner respectful of the socio-cultural context in which plants play a role, but that further research is needed in this regard. We suggest several epistemological points to facilitate future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Kulak
- School of Environmental Design and Rural Development, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.L.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Sheri Longboat
- School of Environmental Design and Rural Development, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.L.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Nicolas D. Brunet
- School of Environmental Design and Rural Development, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (S.L.); (N.D.B.)
| | - Mukund Shukla
- Plant Agriculture Department, Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Praveen Saxena
- Plant Agriculture Department, Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
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14
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Raheem D, Soltermann AT, Tamiozzo LV, Cogo A, Favén L, Punam NJ, Sarmiento CR, Rainosalo E, Picco F, Morla F, Nilson A, Stammler-Gossmann A. Partnership for International Development: Finland-Argentina Conference on Circular Economy and Bioeconomy with Emphasis on Food Sovereignty and Sustainability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031773. [PMID: 35162793 PMCID: PMC8835696 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A joint collaboration between the Cuarto region of Argentina championed by the National University of Rio Cuarto and the Arctic Centre of the University of Lapland, Finland organised a conference on several topics that are related to food sovereignty, sustainability, circular economy and bioeconomy. The efficient utilisation of natural resources in both regions is an important theme in meeting the sustainable development goals agenda. Hence, this partnership between the partner institutions will lead to the cocreation of knowledge. The topics were multidisciplinary, and the discussion focussed on research and teaching opportunities for institutions in both countries. The experts from both countries will continue to engage on the possibility of promoting the research agenda in these important areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dele Raheem
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland; (N.J.P.); (A.S.-G.)
- Correspondence: (D.R.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Arnaldo T. Soltermann
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, CP, Argentina; (C.R.S.); (F.M.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (D.R.); (A.T.S.)
| | - Laura Virginia Tamiozzo
- INTA AER Rio Cuarto, National Institute of Agriculture Technology, Río Cuarto 5800, CP, Argentina;
| | - Ariel Cogo
- INTA Lujan, CIAP (Swine Activities Information Center), Lujan 6700, CP, Argentina;
| | - Leena Favén
- RDI Chemistry and Bioeconomy, Centria University of Applied Sciences, 67100 Kokkola, Finland; (L.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Noor Jahan Punam
- Arctic Centre, University of Lapland, 96101 Rovaniemi, Finland; (N.J.P.); (A.S.-G.)
| | - Claudio R. Sarmiento
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, CP, Argentina; (C.R.S.); (F.M.); (A.N.)
| | - Egidija Rainosalo
- RDI Chemistry and Bioeconomy, Centria University of Applied Sciences, 67100 Kokkola, Finland; (L.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Franco Picco
- Cooperative Initia Limited, Río Cuarto 5800, CP, Argentina;
| | - Federico Morla
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, CP, Argentina; (C.R.S.); (F.M.); (A.N.)
| | - Armando Nilson
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, CP, Argentina; (C.R.S.); (F.M.); (A.N.)
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15
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Nash KL, Alexander K, Melbourne-Thomas J, Novaglio C, Sbrocchi C, Villanueva C, Pecl GT. Developing achievable alternate futures for key challenges during the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2022; 32:19-36. [PMID: 33424142 DOI: 10.22541/au.160166561.14686672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The oceans face a range of complex challenges for which the impacts on society are highly uncertain but mostly negative. Tackling these challenges is testing society's capacity to mobilise transformative action, engendering a sense of powerlessness. Envisaging positive but realistic visions of the future, and considering how current knowledge, resources, and technology could be used to achieve these futures, may lead to greater action to achieve sustainable transformations. Future Seas (www.FutureSeas2030.org) brought together researchers across career stages, Indigenous Peoples and environmental managers to develop scenarios for 12 challenges facing the oceans, leveraging interdisciplinary knowledge to improve society's capacity to purposefully shape the direction of marine social-ecological systems over the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). We describe and reflect on Future Seas, providing guidance for co-developing scenarios in interdisciplinary teams tasked with exploring ocean futures. We detail the narrative development for two futures: our current trajectory based on published evidence, and a more sustainable future, consistent with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, which is technically achievable using existing and emerging knowledge. Presentation of Business-as-usual and More Sustainable futures-together-allows communication of both trajectories, whilst also highlighting achievable, sustainable versions of the future. The advantages of the interdisciplinary approach taken include: (1) integrating different perspectives on solutions, (2) capacity to explore interactions between Life Under Water (Goal 14) and other SDGs, and (3) cross-disciplinary learning. This approach allowed participants to conceptualise shared visions of the future and co-design transformative pathways to achieving those futures. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION SI The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s11160-020-09629-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty L Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Karen Alexander
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jess Melbourne-Thomas
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004 Australia
| | - Camilla Novaglio
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004 Australia
| | - Carla Sbrocchi
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, 2007 Australia
| | - Cecilia Villanueva
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Gretta T Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
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16
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Woelmer WM, Bradley LM, Haber LT, Klinges DH, Lewis ASL, Mohr EJ, Torrens CL, Wheeler KI, Willson AM. Ten simple rules for training yourself in an emerging field. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009440. [PMID: 34710084 PMCID: PMC8553149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The opportunity to participate in and contribute to emerging fields is increasingly prevalent in science. However, simply thinking about stepping outside of your academic silo can leave many students reeling from the uncertainty. Here, we describe 10 simple rules to successfully train yourself in an emerging field, based on our experience as students in the emerging field of ecological forecasting. Our advice begins with setting and revisiting specific goals to achieve your academic and career objectives and includes several useful rules for engaging with and contributing to an emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney M. Woelmer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - L. M. Bradley
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Lisa T. Haber
- Integrative Life Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - David H. Klinges
- School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Abigail S. L. Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth J. Mohr
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Christa L. Torrens
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Kathryn I. Wheeler
- Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alyssa M. Willson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, United States of America
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17
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Nyboer EA, Nguyen VM, Young N, Rytwinski T, Taylor JJ, Lane JF, Bennett JR, Harron N, Aitken SM, Auld G, Browne D, Jacob AI, Prior K, Smith PA, Smokorowski KE, Alexander S, Cooke SJ. Supporting Actionable Science for Environmental Policy: Advice for Funding Agencies From Decision Makers. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.693129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Successful incorporation of scientific knowledge into environmental policy and decisions is a significant challenge. Although studies on how to bridge the knowledge-action gap have proliferated over the last decade, few have investigated the roles, responsibilities, and opportunities for funding bodies to meet this challenge. In this study we present a set of criteria gleaned from interviews with experts across Canada that can be used by funding bodies to evaluate the potential for proposed research to produce actionable knowledge for environmental policy and practice. We also provide recommendations for how funding bodies can design funding calls and foster the skills required to bridge the knowledge-action gap. We interviewed 84 individuals with extensive experience as knowledge users at the science-policy interface who work for environmentally-focused federal and provincial/territorial government bodies and non-governmental organizations. Respondents were asked to describe elements of research proposals that indicate that the resulting research is likely to be useful in a policy context, and what advice they would give to funding bodies to increase the potential impact of sponsored research. Twenty-five individuals also completed a closed-ended survey that followed up on these questions. Research proposals that demonstrated (1) a team with diverse expertise and experience in co-production, (2) a flexible research plan that aligns timelines and spatial scale with policy needs, (3) a clear and demonstrable link to a policy issue, and (4) a detailed and diverse knowledge exchange plan for reaching relevant stakeholders were seen as more promising for producing actionable knowledge. Suggested changes to funding models to enhance utility of funded research included (1) using diverse expertise to adjudicate awards, (2) supporting co-production and interdisciplinary research through longer grant durations and integrated reward structures, and (3) following-up on and rewarding knowledge exchange by conducting impact evaluation. The set of recommendations presented here can guide both funding agencies and research teams who wish to change how applied environmental science is conducted and improve its connection to policy and practice.
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18
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Greggor AL, Berger-Tal O, Swaisgood RR, Cooke SJ, DeVault TL, Fernández-Juricic E, Gienapp A, Hall S, Hostetter C, Owen MA, Rankin S, Ruppert KA, Swaddle JP, Blumstein DT. Using Change Models to Envision Better Applications of Animal Behavior Research in Conservation Management and Beyond. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2021.653056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While most animal behavior researchers have mastered the process of knowledge creation, generating knowledge that can readily be applied requires a different set of skills. The process and timeframe of fundamental scientific knowledge production is often not relevant to those who might apply it, such as conservation or wildlife managers. Additionally, the complex challenges that policy makers, managers and practitioners face are often not adequately communicated to and among scientists. This mutual disconnect in discourse, relationships, common terms, and practices is especially apparent when animal behavior researchers seek to have applied impact. We argue that bridging the complex implementation gap in animal behavior requires a formalized vision for change. We turn to change model theory, a tool commonly used in other fields for identifying the links between actions and outcomes necessary for enacting large-scale change. We focus on the subfield of conservation behavior with a change model that outlines specific ways to improve collaboration and coordination between animal behavior science and conservation practice. We present this targeted change model, review each strategy the model outlines, and highlight pressing actions that people from various career stages and backgrounds can take. We encourage researchers to further the alignment of science with management needs by developing the proper communication mechanisms for improved cultural exchange and plan future change model efforts directly targeting managers. Beyond the conservation behavior change model we present, we also discuss the broad applicability of change models to enhance the application of academic research to other fields. Fundamental science researchers are increasingly required to show impact of their work on society; the change model process we describe here can enable further impact.
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19
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Kondo Y, Fujisawa E, Ishikawa K, Nakahara S, Matsushita K, Asano S, Kamatani K, Suetsugu S, Kano K, Kumazawa T, Sato K, Okuda N. Community capability building for environmental conservation in Lake Biwa (Japan) through an adaptive and abductive approach. SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL PRACTICE RESEARCH 2021; 3:167-183. [PMID: 34778712 PMCID: PMC8005670 DOI: 10.1007/s42532-021-00078-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In the south basin of Lake Biwa, Shiga, Japan, overgrown aquatic weeds (submerged macrophytes) impede cruising boats and cause unpleasant odors and undesirable waste when washed ashore. To address this socio-ecological problem, Shiga Prefectural Government implemented a public program to remove overgrown weeds and compost them ashore to conserve the lake environment, while coastal inhabitants and occasional volunteers remove weeds from the beaches to maintain the quality of the living environment. However, these effects are limited because of disjointed social networks. We applied an adaptive and abductive approach to develop community capability to jointly address this problem by sharing academic knowledge with local actors and empowering them. The initial multifaceted reviews, including interviews and postal questionnaire surveys, revealed that the agro-economic value of composted weeds declined in historical and socio-psychological contexts and that most of the unengaged public relied on local governments to address environmental problems. These findings were synthesized and assessed with workshop participants, including local inhabitants, governmental agents, businesspeople, social entrepreneurs, and research experts, to unearth the best solution. The workshops resulted in the development of an e-point system, called Biwa Point, to promote and acknowledge voluntary environmental conservation activities, including beach cleaning. It may contribute to enhancing the socio-ecological capability of communities. Additionally, ethical issues, such as publication of inconvenient truths, undesired interpretation by the researchers, and social constraints in research methods, arose through our research practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhisa Kondo
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan.,Biwako-Chishin, Otsu, Shiga Japan
| | - Eiichi Fujisawa
- Ohmi Data Institute, Otsu, Shiga Japan.,Biwako-Chishin, Otsu, Shiga Japan
| | - Kanako Ishikawa
- Lake Biwa Environmental Research Institute, Otsu, Shiga Japan
| | - Satoe Nakahara
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Asano
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaoru Kamatani
- College of Gastronomy Management, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga Japan.,Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kei Kano
- Faculty of Education, Shiga University, Otsu, Shiga Japan.,Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kenichi Sato
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noboru Okuda
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo Japan.,Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
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20
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Nash KL, Alexander K, Melbourne-Thomas J, Novaglio C, Sbrocchi C, Villanueva C, Pecl GT. Developing achievable alternate futures for key challenges during the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES 2021; 32:19-36. [PMID: 33424142 PMCID: PMC7778847 DOI: 10.1007/s11160-020-09629-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The oceans face a range of complex challenges for which the impacts on society are highly uncertain but mostly negative. Tackling these challenges is testing society's capacity to mobilise transformative action, engendering a sense of powerlessness. Envisaging positive but realistic visions of the future, and considering how current knowledge, resources, and technology could be used to achieve these futures, may lead to greater action to achieve sustainable transformations. Future Seas (www.FutureSeas2030.org) brought together researchers across career stages, Indigenous Peoples and environmental managers to develop scenarios for 12 challenges facing the oceans, leveraging interdisciplinary knowledge to improve society's capacity to purposefully shape the direction of marine social-ecological systems over the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). We describe and reflect on Future Seas, providing guidance for co-developing scenarios in interdisciplinary teams tasked with exploring ocean futures. We detail the narrative development for two futures: our current trajectory based on published evidence, and a more sustainable future, consistent with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, which is technically achievable using existing and emerging knowledge. Presentation of Business-as-usual and More Sustainable futures-together-allows communication of both trajectories, whilst also highlighting achievable, sustainable versions of the future. The advantages of the interdisciplinary approach taken include: (1) integrating different perspectives on solutions, (2) capacity to explore interactions between Life Under Water (Goal 14) and other SDGs, and (3) cross-disciplinary learning. This approach allowed participants to conceptualise shared visions of the future and co-design transformative pathways to achieving those futures. Supplementary Information SI The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s11160-020-09629-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty L. Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Karen Alexander
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Jess Melbourne-Thomas
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004 Australia
| | - Camilla Novaglio
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Castray Esplanade, Battery Point, TAS 7004 Australia
| | - Carla Sbrocchi
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, 2007 Australia
| | - Cecilia Villanueva
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
| | - Gretta T. Pecl
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 129, Hobart, TAS 7001 Australia
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21
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Common ground: The foundation of interdisciplinary research on bat disease emergence. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000947. [PMID: 33166274 PMCID: PMC7676706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human perturbation of natural systems is accelerating the emergence of infectious diseases, mandating integration of disease and ecological research. Bats have been associated with recent zoonoses, but our bibliometric analysis of coauthor relationships identified a separation of bat ecologists and infectious disease researchers with few cross-disciplinary relationships. Of 5,645 papers, true interdisciplinary collaborations occurred primarily in research focused on White Nose Syndrome (WNS). This finding is important because it illustrates how research with outcomes favoring both bat conservation and disease mitigation promotes domain integration and network connectivity. We advocate for increased engagement between ecology and infectious researchers to address such common causes and suggest that efforts focus on leveraging existing activities, building interdisciplinary projects, and networking individuals and networks to integrate domains and coordinate resources. We provide specific opportunities for pursuing these strategies through the Bat One Health Research Network (BOHRN). Limited collaboration between bat ecologists and disease researchers has precluded integrative research on disease emergence. These historical silos are now challenged by the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, which threatens both human and bat health. This Perspective article maintains that interdisciplinary research can be accelerated when disparate domains address common, foundational causes.
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22
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Integrating Deep Ecology and Adaptive Governance for Sustainable Development: Implications for Protected Areas Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the late 1980s, the idea of sustainable development has been gaining widespread recognition as a guiding framework for policies on development and the environment. However, the concept of sustainable development has received a number of criticisms, including its over-emphasis on meeting human needs through economic growth, as well as its failure to recognize dynamic human–environment interactions. In response to these shortfalls, the concepts of resilience and adaptive governance have emerged as alternative perspectives for pursuing sustainable development. Resilience in social-ecological systems emphasizes the capacity of coupled human–environment systems to deal with change, while continuing to develop. Adaptive governance relies on diverse and nested institutional mechanisms for connecting actors across multiple scales to manage conflicts and uncertainties in ecosystem management processes. However, the ethical dimensions of resilience and adaptive governance have not received enough attention. A promising ethical perspective for guiding policies on human–environment interactions is the philosophy of deep ecology, which highlights the need for recognition of the intrinsic values of all living things, as well as the nurturing of ecological and cultural diversity. In this paper, I argue that an integration of the principles of deep ecology and adaptive governance provides a complementary set of ethical principles and institutional attributes that offers better prospects for pursuing sustainable development in the era of the Anthropocene. The implications of this integrative agenda include: the adoption of a holistic conception of dynamic human–environment interactions; the recognition of diverse knowledge systems through an anti-reductionist approach to knowledge; the promotion of long term sustainability through respect for ecological and cultural diversity; and embracing decentralization and local autonomy. I further illustrate this integrative agenda using the management of protected areas as a case study.
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23
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Addressing injustice in green infrastructure through socio-ecological practice: What is the role of university–community partnerships? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42532-020-00052-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Boone CG, Pickett STA, Bammer G, Bawa K, Dunne JA, Gordon IJ, Hart D, Hellmann J, Miller A, New M, Ometto JP, Taylor K, Wendorf G, Agrawal A, Bertsch P, Campbell C, Dodd P, Janetos A, Mallee H. Preparing interdisciplinary leadership for a sustainable future. SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE 2020; 15:1723-1733. [PMID: 32837574 PMCID: PMC7261256 DOI: 10.1007/s11625-020-00823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Urgent sustainability challenges require effective leadership for inter- and trans-disciplinary (ITD) institutions. Based on the diverse experiences of 20 ITD institutional leaders and specific case studies, this article distills key lessons learned from multiple pathways to building successful programs. The lessons reflect both the successes and failures our group has experienced, to suggest how to cultivate appropriate and effective leadership, and generate the resources necessary for leading ITD programs. We present two contrasting pathways toward ITD organizations: one is to establish a new organization and the other is to merge existing organizations. We illustrate how both benefit from a real-world focus, with multiple examples of trajectories of ITD organizations. Our diverse international experiences demonstrate ways to cultivate appropriate leadership qualities and skills, especially the ability to create and foster vision beyond the status quo; collaborative leadership and partnerships; shared culture; communications to multiple audiences; appropriate monitoring and evaluation; and perseverance. We identified five kinds of resources for success: (1) intellectual resources; (2) institutional policies; (3) financial resources; (4) physical infrastructure; and (5) governing boards. We provide illustrations based on our extensive experience in supporting success and learning from failure, and provide a framework that articulates the major facets of leadership in inter- and trans-disciplinary organizations: learning, supporting, sharing, and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G. Boone
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, 800 S. Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85284 USA
| | | | - Gabriele Bammer
- Integration and Implementation Sciences, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT Australia
| | - Kamal Bawa
- University of Massachusetts, Boston, MA USA
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and The Environment, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Iain J. Gordon
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT Australia
| | - David Hart
- Senator George J. Mitchell Center for Sustainability Solutions, University of Maine, Orono, ME USA
| | - Jessica Hellmann
- Institute On the Environment, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN USA
| | - Alison Miller
- The Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Mark New
- African Climate and Development Initiative, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jean P. Ometto
- Earth System Science Centre (CCST-INPE)/Rede-Clima, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Ken Taylor
- Our Land and Water National Science Challenge, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabriele Wendorf
- Center for Technology and Society, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arun Agrawal
- International Forestry Resources and Institutions, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Paul Bertsch
- CSIRO Land and Water and Queensland Chief Scientist, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | | | - Paul Dodd
- Office of Research, Interdisciplinary Research and Strategic Initiatives, University of California, Davis, CA USA
| | - Anthony Janetos
- Frederick S. Pardee Center for the Study of the Longer-Range Future, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Hein Mallee
- Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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Cooke SJ, Nguyen VM, Anastakis D, Scott SD, Turetsky MR, Amirfazli A, Hearn A, Milton CE, Loewen L, Smith EE, Norris DR, Lavoie KL, Aiken A, Ansari D, Antle AN, Babel M, Bailey J, Bernstein DM, Birnbaum R, Bourassa C, Calcagno A, Campana A, Chen B, Collins K, Connelly CE, Denov M, Dupont B, George E, Gregory-Eaves I, High S, Hill JM, Jackson PL, Jette N, Jurdjevic M, Kothari A, Khairy P, Lamoureux SA, Ladner K, Landry CR, Légaré F, Lehoux N, Leuprecht C, Lieverse AR, Luczak A, Mallory ML, Manning E, Mazalek A, Murray SJ, Newman LL, Oosterveld V, Potvin P, Reimer-Kirkham S, Rowsell J, Stacey D, Tighe SL, Vocadlo DJ, Wilson AE, Woolford A. Diverse perspectives on interdisciplinarity from Members of the College of the Royal Society of Canada. Facets (Ott) 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2019-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Various multiple-disciplinary terms and concepts (although most commonly “interdisciplinarity,” which is used herein) are used to frame education, scholarship, research, and interactions within and outside academia. In principle, the premise of interdisciplinarity may appear to have many strengths; yet, the extent to which interdisciplinarity is embraced by the current generation of academics, the benefits and risks for doing so, and the barriers and facilitators to achieving interdisciplinarity, represent inherent challenges. Much has been written on the topic of interdisciplinarity, but to our knowledge there have been few attempts to consider and present diverse perspectives from scholars, artists, and scientists in a cohesive manner. As a team of 57 members from the Canadian College of New Scholars, Artists, and Scientists of the Royal Society of Canada (the College) who self-identify as being engaged or interested in interdisciplinarity, we provide diverse intellectual, cultural, and social perspectives. The goal of this paper is to share our collective wisdom on this topic with the broader community and to stimulate discourse and debate on the merits and challenges associated with interdisciplinarity. Perhaps the clearest message emerging from this exercise is that working across established boundaries of scholarly communities is rewarding, necessary, and is more likely to result in impact. However, there are barriers that limit the ease with which this can occur (e.g., lack of institutional structures and funding to facilitate cross-disciplinary exploration). Occasionally, there can be significant risk associated with doing interdisciplinary work (e.g., lack of adequate measurement or recognition of work by disciplinary peers). Solving many of the world’s complex and pressing problems (e.g., climate change, sustainable agriculture, the burden of chronic disease, and aging populations) demands thinking and working across long-standing, but in some ways restrictive, academic boundaries. Academic institutions and key support structures, especially funding bodies, will play an important role in helping to realize what is readily apparent to all who contributed to this paper—that interdisciplinarity is essential for solving complex problems; it is the new norm. Failure to empower and encourage those doing this research will serve as a great impediment to training, knowledge, and addressing societal issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Cooke
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Vivian M. Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Dimitry Anastakis
- History Department, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Dr., Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Shannon D. Scott
- Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, 11405-87 Ave., Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Merritt R. Turetsky
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Alidad Amirfazli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Alison Hearn
- Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Cynthia E. Milton
- Département d’histoire, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Laura Loewen
- Desautels Faculty of Music, University of Manitoba, 150 Dafoe Rd. W, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Eric E. Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T4N 2N1, Canada
| | - D. Ryan Norris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
- Nature Conservancy of Canada, 245 Eglington Avenue East, Toronto, ON M4P 3J1, Canada
| | - Kim L. Lavoie
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal and CIUSSS-NIM Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, CP 8888, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Alice Aiken
- Faculty of Health and Office of the Vice-President, Research and Innovation, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Daniel Ansari
- Department of Psychology & Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Alissa N. Antle
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250—13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Molly Babel
- Department of Linguistics, University of British Columbia, 2613 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jane Bailey
- Faculty of Law (Common Law), University of Ottawa, 57 Louis Pasteur St, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Daniel M. Bernstein
- Department of Psychology, Kwantlen Polytechnic University, 12666-72nd Ave., Surrey, BC V3W 2M8, Canada
| | - Rachel Birnbaum
- School of Social Work and Childhood Studies and Interdisciplinary Programs, King’s University College at Western, 266 Epworth Avenue, London, ON N6A 2M3, Canada
| | - Carrie Bourassa
- Indigenous Health, Department of Community Health & Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 104 Clinic Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada
| | - Antonio Calcagno
- Department of Philosophy, King’s University College at Western University, 266 Epworth Avenue, London, ON N6A 2M3, Canada
| | - Aurélie Campana
- Département de science politique, Faculté des sciences sociales, Université Laval, 1030 avenue des Sciences humaines, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Memorial University, 240 Prince Philip Drive, St. John’s, NL A1A 3X5, Canada
| | - Karen Collins
- Department of Communication Arts, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W., Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Catherine E. Connelly
- DeGroote School of Business, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON L8S 4M4, Canada
| | - Myriam Denov
- School of Social Work, McGill University, 3506 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - Benoît Dupont
- Centre international de criminologie comparée, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Eric George
- École des medias, The Université du Québec à Montréal, 405 Rue Sainte-Catherine Est, Montréal, QC H2L 2C4, Canada
| | - Irene Gregory-Eaves
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Ave, Montreal, QC H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Steven High
- Department of History, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve Blvd Ouest, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Josephine M. Hill
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Philip L. Jackson
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2325 Allée des Bibliothèques, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jette
- Departments of Neurology and Population Health Sciences & Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mark Jurdjevic
- Department of History, York University-Glendon Campus, 2275 Bayview Ave, Toronto, ON M4N 3M6, Canada
| | - Anita Kothari
- Faculty of Health Studies, Western University, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Paul Khairy
- Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, University of Montreal, 5000 Bélanger, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Sylvie A. Lamoureux
- Faculty of Arts, Official Languages and Bilingualism Institute, Université d’Ottawa, 70 Laurier Est, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Kiera Ladner
- Political Studies, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Christian R. Landry
- Département de biologie & Département de biochimie, microbiologie et bioinformatique, Université Laval, 1030 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - François Légaré
- INRS, Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, 1650, boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Québec, QC J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Nadia Lehoux
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pavillon Pouliot, Université Laval, 1065 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V OA6, Canada
| | - Christian Leuprecht
- Department of Political Science and Economics, Royal Military College of Canada, P.O. Box 17000, Station Forces, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada
| | - Angela R. Lieverse
- Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Saskatchewan, 55 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B1, Canada
| | - Artur Luczak
- Canadian Center for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Dr., Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Mark L. Mallory
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 15 University Dr., Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Erin Manning
- Film Studies and Studio Art, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve W, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Ali Mazalek
- Synaesthetic Media Lab, Ryerson University, Bell Trinity Square N103, 483 Bay St., Toronto, ON M5G 2E1, Canada
| | - Stuart J. Murray
- Department of English Language and Literature and Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr., Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Lenore L. Newman
- Department of Geography, University of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Rd., Abbotsford, BC V2S 7M8, Canada
| | - Valerie Oosterveld
- Faculty of Law, Western University, 1151 Richmond St., London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Patrice Potvin
- Département de didactique, Faculté des sciences de l’éducation, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Sheryl Reimer-Kirkham
- School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, 7600 Glover Rd., Langley, BC V2Y 1Y1, Canada
| | - Jennifer Rowsell
- Department of Educational Studies, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Dawn Stacey
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Susan L. Tighe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - David J. Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Anne E. Wilson
- Psychology Department, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada
| | - Andrew Woolford
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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