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Caplan S, Gallily R, Barenholz Y. Characterization and purification of a mycoplasma membrane-derived macrophage-activating factor. Cancer Immunol Immunother 1994; 39:27-33. [PMID: 8044823 PMCID: PMC11037937 DOI: 10.1007/bf01517177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/1993] [Accepted: 03/17/1994] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A highly hydrophobic component derived from the membrane of Mycoplasma capricolum has been characterized, purified and assessed for its ability to activate macrophages to tumor cytotoxicity. Initially, crude membranes were evaluated for their solubility in a wide range of solvents. Despite differential solubility in the various solvents, the mycoplasma membranes retained their ability to potentiate macrophage tumor cytotoxicity. Mycoplasma membranes were further characterized by appraising their macrophage-activating ability subsequent to various chemical treatments: cleavage of ester and thioester bonds, oxidation of vicinal hydroxyl groups, and exposure to a broad range of pH. Only strong alkaline treatment (pH > 12) caused a reduction in mycoplasma membrane activity; all other chemical treatments were inconsequential. With potential therapeutic applications in mind, mycoplasma membranes were subjected to various physical treatments including heating, freezing/thawing, sonication, lyophilization and storage. The ability of the membranes to induce macrophage activation was stably maintained following all these treatments. Purification of membranes was initiated by a chloroform/methanol lipid extraction. Macrophage-activating ability was found predominantly in the interphase. Proteolytic cleavage with trypsin increased specific activity at least sixfold. Trypsinized fractions were solubilized in 2-chloroethanol and gel filtration was performed on a hydroxylated Sephadex LH-60 column. The active fraction from this column had a further tenfold increase in specific activity. Subsequent rounds of reverse-phase HPLC on this fraction yielded three to four peaks absorbing at 280 nm, of which only one had macrophage-activating ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Caplan
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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2
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Kostka G. Characterization and partial purification of a high-molecular-mass, calmodulin-binding, tyrosyl-phosphorylated protein from lymphocyte plasma membranes. Exp Cell Res 1989; 181:85-93. [PMID: 2465165 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4827(89)90184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A plasma membrane phosphoprotein with a species-dependent molecular mass of 108 or 112 kDa (P108/112) was analyzed in lymphoid cells from rats and humans. After 24 h lectin stimulation its in vitro phosphorylation was raised to an important extent. Phosphotyrosine was analyzed by 2-D electrophoresis. Calmodulin was bound by P108/112 in a Ca2+-dependent manner. P108/112 remained insoluble after extraction with detergent, high salt, EDTA, or high pH. After chlorethanol extraction it was partially purified by gel filtration. P108/112 shows conspicuous similarities with the 110-kDa protein from chicken intestine microvilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kostka
- Max Planck Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany
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Rimpler M, Winkler FC, Böhm KH, Kerlen G, Leibold W, Hermanns W, Mumme J. Induction of chronic polyarthritis with cell components of Erysipelas bacteria (Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae). Part III. Fractionation of Erysipelas bacteria and testing in different bioassays. ZENTRALBLATT FUR VETERINARMEDIZIN. REIHE B. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE. SERIES B 1982; 29:426-33. [PMID: 7148212 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1982.tb01244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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5
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Spiess M, Brunner J, Semenza G. Hydrophobic labeling, isolation, and partial characterization of the NH2-terminal membranous segment of sucrase-isomaltase complex. J Biol Chem 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)34932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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6
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Sueishi K, Benson BJ. Isolation of a major apolipoprotein of canine and murine pulmonary surfactant. Biochemical and immunochemical characteristics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1981; 665:442-53. [PMID: 6170338 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(81)90257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We studied some of the biochemical and immunochemical properties of a major apolipoprotein in isolated pulmonary surfactant from dog and rat lungs. These apolipoproteins were purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography in buffers containing Triton X-100. Purity of the apolipoproteins was assessed by both fused rocket and crossed immunoelectrophoreses. In addition, the apolipoproteins showed one band with an apparent molecular weight of 72 000-73 000 on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These proteins are composed of two polypeptide chains of 36 000 daltons. When subjected to isoelectric focusing, the major component of the apolipoprotein had an isoelectric point of about 4.4, with very minor components near 4.6. Even though the apolipoproteins of both species had very similar amino acid compositions, including a relatively high glycine content, no immunologic cross-reactivity was observed. Rocket immunoelectrophoretic analysis of several preparations of dog and rat surfactant using the respective purified apolipoproteins as standards indicated that the apolipoprotein constituted 56.9% +/- 4.6. (S.D., n = 3) and 42.1% +/- 2.1 (S.D., n = 2) of the total protein in dog and rat surfactant, respectively.
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Ernst J, Winkelmann G. An attempt to localize iron-chelate binding sites on cytoplasmic membranes of fungi. FEBS Lett 1977; 76:71-6. [PMID: 140069 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shimada K, Murata N. Chemical modification by trinitrobenzenesulfonate of a lipid and proteins of intracytoplasmic membranes isolated from Chromatium vinosum and Azotobacter vinelandii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 455:605-20. [PMID: 999930 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(76)90035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The structure of intracytoplasmic membranes of a photosynthetic bacterium chromatium vinosum and a nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii was studied by chemical modification of amino groups of phosphatidylethanolamine and proteins with trinitrobenzenesulfonate. 2. Almost all the constituents of intracytoplasmic membranes of C. vinosum were solubilized in a mixture of chloroform, methanol and trichloroacetic acid. One-third of proteins in the intracytoplasmic membranes of C. vinosum was found solubilized in a mixture of chloroform and methanol. By using a column chromatography with Sephadex LH-20 in organic solvents, the unmodified as well as the trinitrophenylated proteins and also the trinitrophenylated phosphatidylethanolamine were separated from the other colored substances. 3. In the chemical modification of the intracytoplasmic membrane preparations, 30% of phosphatidylethanolamine and 15% of protein amino groups in C. vinosum and 45% of phosphatidylethanolamine and 20% of protein amino groups in A. vinelandii were estimated to be exposed to the aqueous phase. In the single-layered liposomes composed of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol with a ratio of 2:1, 40% of phosphatidylethanolamine were estimated to be exposed to the aqueous phase.
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Maes E. Preferential solvent binding and change in conformation of bovine serum albumin in 2-chloroethanol-water mixed solvents. Biopolymers 1976; 15:293-9. [PMID: 1247657 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1976.360150207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Billington T, Nayudu PR. Studies on the brush border membrane of the mouse duodenum. I. Membrane isolation and analysis of protein components. J Membr Biol 1975; 21:49-64. [PMID: 1195339 DOI: 10.1007/bf01941061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Brush border membranes have been isolated from villus epithelial cells of the adult Swiss mouse duodenum. Preparations of these membranes are not contaminated by other organelles as judged from electron-micrographs of sectioned pellets of brush borders. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins from brush borders solubilized in Tris-sodium dodecyl sulfate buffer reveals a reproducible Coomassie Brilliant Blue pattern of 17 bands. By comparing the brush border protein band positions with those of standard proteins run concurrently on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel slabs it is estimated that the 17 brush border proteins and subunits have molecular weights ranging from over 250,000 to around 16,000. Periodate-fuchsin sulfite staining shows that the five more slowly migrating, high molecular weight proteins are glycoproteins. The two proteins of smallest molecular size react positively with Oil Red O but have very small amounts of lipophilic amino acid residues, which indicates that the lipid extractable from the gels in these areas is a contaminant and is not bound to the proteins.
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Wolfgram F, Myers L. Gel filtration of myelin using 2,2,2-trichloroethanol as the solvent. JOURNAL OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1975; 6:51-6. [PMID: 1185175 DOI: 10.1002/neu.480060109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of 2,2,2-trichloroethanol as a solvent for myelin from both the central and peripheral nervous systems is described. Concentrated, optically clear solutions of lyophilized myelin in this solvent are stable for weeks. The preparation of highly concentrated myelin proteins by gel filtration in trichloroethanol is described.
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Kramer R, Jungi B, Zahler P. SomeSome characteristics of a phospholipase A2 from sheep red cell membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 373:404-15. [PMID: 4215457 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(74)90020-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Zuckerman SH, Uretsky SC, Douglas SD. Partial purification of ABO BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS: SODIUM DEOXYCHOLATE FRACTIONATION OF HUMAN ERYTHOCYTE MEMBRANES. Vox Sang 1974; 27:504-14. [PMID: 4454290 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1974.tb02448.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Abstract
An analysis was made of the protein composition of a fraction of postsynaptic densities (PSDs) prepared from rat brain. Protein makes up 90% of the material in the PSD fraction. Two major polypeptide fractions are present, based on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The major polypeptide fraction has a molecular weight of 53,000, makes up about 45% of the PSD protein, and comigrates on gels with a major polypeptide of the synaptic plasma membrane. The other polypeptide band has a molecular weight of 97,000, accounts for 17% of the PSD protein, and is not a prominent constituent of other fractions. Six other polypeptides of higher molecular weight (100,000-180,000) are consistently present in small amounts (3-9% each). The PSD fraction contains slightly greater amounts of polar amino acids and proline than the synaptic plasma membrane fraction, but no amino acid is usually prominent. The PSD apparently consists of a structural matrix formed primarily by a single polypeptide or class of polypeptides of 53,000 molecular weight. Small amounts of other specialized proteins are contained within this matrix.
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Nayudu PR, Hercus FB. Molecular heterogeneity of mouse duodenal alkaline phosphatase. Association of lipids and peptides. Biochem J 1974; 141:93-101. [PMID: 4455209 PMCID: PMC1168053 DOI: 10.1042/bj1410093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and Bio-Gel P-300 molecular-sieve chromatography of mouse duodenal alkaline phosphatase demonstrates its molecular heterogeneity, which, in a kinetic sense, is manifest also in the differential relative velocities of the heterogeneous forms of the enzyme with two substrates, phenylphosphate and beta-glycerophosphate. Different treatments that eliminate most of the electrophoretic and chromatographic variability of the enzyme also decrease the velocities with both substrates so that the molar ratio of hydrolysis of one substrate relative to the other is also altered to a low but stable value. Concomitant with these changes, lipids and peptides are dissociated from the enzyme. The lipids are tentatively identified as a sterol and phospholipids. The peptides have an average composition of four to six amino acids and appear to be strongly electropositive. The conditions of dissociation suggest that their binding to the enzyme is non-covalent and predominantly based on hydrophobic and ionic bonding. The concept of lipid and peptide association would suggest prima facie differential molecular weights as a factor in the observed electrophoretic and chromatographic heterogeneity. However, the molecular forms of the enzyme with differences in elution volume equivalent to more than one-half the void volume of the Bio-Gel P-300 column, or even enzyme fractions dissociated from the lipids and peptides compared with undissociated portions, do not show any differences in sedimentation on sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation. This may be because the alterations in molecular weight owing to binding of small molecules are too small to be detected by this method. Alternatively, since lipids are involved, the binding may alter the partial specific volume in such a way that the buoyant density is not significantly altered.
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Langdon RG. Serum lipoprotein apoproteins as major protein constituents of the human erythrocyte membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1974; 342:213-28. [PMID: 4364841 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(74)90076-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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17
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Cho KS, Proulx P. Interactions of acyl carnitines and other lysins with erythrocytes and reconstituted erythrocyte lipoproteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 318:50-60. [PMID: 4795779 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Schiechl H. Investigation of HCl-extraction of human erythrocyte membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 307:65-73. [PMID: 4711191 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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KESSEL R. Structure and Function of the Nuclear Envelope and Related Cytomembranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1973. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-571806-6.50011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Kramer R, Schlatter C, Zahler P. Preferential binding of sphingomyelin by membrane proteins of the sheep red cell. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 282:146-56. [PMID: 5070073 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(72)90318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Sandermann H, Strominger JL. Purification and Properties of C55-Isoprenoid Alcohol Phosphokinase from Staphylococcus aureus. J Biol Chem 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)44948-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Barrantes FJ, La Torre JL, Llorente de Carlin MC, De Robertis E. Studies on proteolipid proteins from cerebral cortex. I. Preparation and some properties. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 263:368-81. [PMID: 4337943 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(72)90089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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23
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Juliano RL. The solubilization and fractionation of human erythrocyte membrane proteins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1972; 266:301-6. [PMID: 5041093 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(72)90145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Berger KU, Barratt MD, Kamat VB. Magnetic resonance studies on the components of human erythrocyte membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 1971; 6:351-63. [PMID: 4334693 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(71)90047-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Avruch J, Wallach DF. Spectroscopic evidence for beta structure in rat adipocyte plasma membrane protein. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 241:249-53. [PMID: 4331045 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90322-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Chavin SI. Isolation and study of functional membrane proteins Present status and future prospects. FEBS Lett 1971; 14:269-282. [PMID: 11945775 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(71)80278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S I. Chavin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD, Bristol, England
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Curtis PJ. Some properties of mitochondrial membrane proteins dissolved in chloroform-methanol. Biochem J 1971; 122:41P-43P. [PMID: 5129234 PMCID: PMC1176851 DOI: 10.1042/bj1220041p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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28
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Zentgraf H, Deumling B, Jarasch ED, Franke WW. Nuclear Membranes and Plasma Membranes from Hen Erythrocytes. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)62280-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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29
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Cho KS, Proulx P. Studies on the mechanism of hemolysis by acyl carnitines, lysolecithins and acyl cholines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1971; 225:214-23. [PMID: 4324134 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90214-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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30
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Hunter GD, Kimberlin RH, Millson GC, Gibbons RA. An experimental examination of the scrapie agent in cell membrane mixtures. I. Stability and physicochemical properties of the scrapie agent. J Comp Pathol 1971; 81:23-32. [PMID: 4996972 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9975(71)90051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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31
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Structure of Membranes and Role of Lipids Therein1 1Contribution No. 358, Animal Research Institute. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-024909-1.50011-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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32
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Zahler P, Weibel ER. Reconstitution of membranes by recombining proteins and lipids derived from erythrocyte stroma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1970; 219:320-38. [PMID: 5497193 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(70)90210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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33
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Berger KU, Barratt MD, Kamat VB. A spin label study of the recombined lipid and apoprotein of human erythrocyte membranes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1970; 40:1273-80. [PMID: 4326579 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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34
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Kamat VB, Chapman D, Zwaal RF, van Deenen LL. Proton magnetic resonance (PMR) spectra of erythrocyte membrane lipoproteins and apoproteins. Chem Phys Lipids 1970; 4:323-31. [PMID: 5507521 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(70)90032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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35
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Zwaal RF, van Deenen LL. Interactions between proteins and lipids from human red cell membranes. Chem Phys Lipids 1970; 4:311-22. [PMID: 5507520 DOI: 10.1016/0009-3084(70)90031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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36
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Franke WW, Deumling B, Jarasch ED, Kleinig H. Nuclear membranes from mammalian liver. I. Isolation procedure and general characterization. J Cell Biol 1970; 46:379-95. [PMID: 4317731 PMCID: PMC2108020 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.46.2.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear membranes were isolated from rat and pig liver by sonication of highly purified nuclear fractions and subsequent removal of adhering nucleoproteins in a high salt medium. The fractions were examined in the electron microscope by both negative staining and thin sectioning techniques and were found to consist of nuclear envelope fragments of widely varying sizes. Nuclear pore complex constituents still could frequently be recognized. The chemical composition of the nuclear membrane fractions was determined and compared with those of microsomal fractions prepared in parallel. For total nuclei as well as for nuclear membranes and microsomes, various enzyme activities were studied. The results indicate that a similarity exists between both fractions of cytomembranes, nuclear envelope, and endoplasmic reticulum, with respect to their RNA:protein ratio and their content of polar and nonpolar lipids. Both membranous fractions had many proteins in common including some membrane-bound enzymes. Activities in Mg-ATPase and the two examined cytochrome reductases were of the same order of magnitude. The content of cytochrome b(5) as well as of P-450 was markedly lower in the nuclear membranes. The nuclear membranes were found to have a higher buoyant density and to be richer in protein. The glucose-6-phosphatase and Na-K-ATPase activities in the nuclear membrane fraction were very low. In the gel electrophoresis, in addition to many common protein bands, some characteristic ones for either microsomal or nuclear membranous material were detected. Significant small amounts of DNA and RNA were found to remain closely associated with the nuclear envelope fragments. Our findings indicate that nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum membranes which are known to be in morphological continuity have, besides a far-reaching similarity, some characteristic differences.
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Rudman D, Garcia LA, Howard CH. A new method for isolating the nonidentical protein subunits of human plasma alpha-lipoprotein. J Clin Invest 1970; 49:365-72. [PMID: 5411787 PMCID: PMC322478 DOI: 10.1172/jci106245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human plasma alpha lipoprotein (alphaLP) was totally delipidated by gel filtration on Sephadex LH-20 in a medium of 2 butanol:acetic acid:H(2)O, 4:1:5. The resulting alpha protein (alphaP) exhibited two major bands, labeled C and D, on acrylamide-gel electrophoresis in 5.0 M urea at pH 8.8 or 4.0. Minor bands labeled A and B, also present, were shown to be aggregates of C which form when the latter is lyophilized. The C and D components were isolated in pure form from alphaP (prepared by LH-20 chromatography of alphaLP) by gel filtration of this protein on Sephadex G-200 in a medium of 1.0 N acetic acid: the C component emerged with a distribution coefficient (K(d)) of 0.4, and the D component with a coefficient of 0.7. From each 100 mg of alphaP, 68 mg of C and 22 mg of D were isolated. 3 mg of a minor fraction with K(d) 0.1, containing A and B components as well as C, were also obtained. D but not C reacts with rabbit antiserum to human alphaLP. C and D differ substantially in content of arginine, histidine, (1/2)-cystine, isoleucine, and tryptophan.
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39
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Curtis PJ. Gel filtration of mitochondrial membrane proteins dissolved in chloroform-methanol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 194:513-8. [PMID: 5366914 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(69)90112-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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40
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Pusztai A, Watt WB. Fractionation and characterization of glycoproteins containing hydroxyproline from the leaves of Vicia faba. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1969; 10:523-32. [PMID: 5348076 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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41
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Curtis PJ. Solubility of mitochondrial membrane proteins in acidic organic solvents. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 183:239-41. [PMID: 5792870 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(69)90149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Schnaitman CA. Comparison of rat liver mitochondrial and microsomal membrane proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1969; 63:412-9. [PMID: 5257131 PMCID: PMC223580 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.63.2.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An improved method is described for dissolving membrane proteins and for resolving them by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. With this procedure, the inner mitochondrial membrane has been found to contain 23 different protein species and the outer membrane 12. Only one protein species appears to be common to the two membranes. Smooth and rough microsomal membranes contain 15 different proteins. The approximate molecular weight and relative amount of each protein species have been extrapolated from the gel patterns. The outer mitochondrial membrane and the smooth microsomal membrane contain at least three protein species that appear to be identical, suggesting that they possess a common origin.
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Zwaal RF, van Deenen LL. The solubilization of human erythrocyte membranes by n-pentanol. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1968; 150:323-5. [PMID: 5641900 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2736(68)90179-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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