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Portier I, Manne BK, Kosaka Y, Tolley ND, Denorme F, Babur Ö, Reddy AP, Wilmarth PA, Aslan JE, Weyrich AS, Rondina MT, Campbell RA. Aging-related alterations in mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling promote platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2024:S1538-7836(24)00317-9. [PMID: 38849085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular, thrombotic, and other chronic diseases. However, mechanisms of platelet hyperactivation in aging remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES Here, we examine whether and how aging alters intracellular signaling in platelets to support platelet hyperactivity and thrombosis. METHODS Quantitative mass spectrometry with tandem mass tag labeling systematically measured protein phosphorylation in platelets from healthy aged (>65 years) and young human (<45 years) subjects. The role of platelet mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) in aging-induced platelet hyperreactivity was assessed using pharmacologic mTOR inhibition and a platelet-specific mTOR-deficient mouse model (mTORplt-/-). RESULTS Quantitative phosphoproteomics uncovered differential site-specific protein phosphorylation within mTOR, Rho GTPase, and MAPK pathways in platelets from aged donors. Western blot confirmed constitutive activation of the mTOR pathway in platelets from both aged humans and mice, which was associated with increased aggregation compared with that in young controls. Inhibition of mTOR with either Torin 1 in aged humans or genetic deletion in aged mice reversed platelet hyperreactivity. In a collagen-epinephrine pulmonary thrombosis model, aged wild-type (mTORplt+/+) mice succumbed significantly faster than young controls, while time to death of aged mTORplt-/- mice was similar to that of young mTORplt+/+ mice. Mechanistically, we noted increased Rac1 activation and levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in resting platelets from aged mice, as well as increased p38 phosphorylation upstream of thromboxane generation following agonist stimulation. CONCLUSION Aging-related changes in mTOR phosphorylation enhance Rac1 and p38 activation to enhance thromboxane generation, platelet hyperactivity, and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Portier
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine Washington University School, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bhanu Kanth Manne
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Kosaka
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Neal D Tolley
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Frederik Denorme
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine Washington University School, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Division of Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Özgün Babur
- Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashok P Reddy
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Phillip A Wilmarth
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Joseph E Aslan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Andrew S Weyrich
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Matthew T Rondina
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; George E. Wahlen VAMC Department of Internal Medicine and the Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Robert A Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine Washington University School, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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2
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Chen HL, Wang QY, Qi RM, Cai JP. Identification of the changes in the platelet proteomic profile of elderly individuals. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1384679. [PMID: 38807946 PMCID: PMC11130443 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1384679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet hyperreactivity is a risk factor for thrombosis in elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism of platelet hyperactivation has not been elucidated. This study aims to investigate alterations in the proteomes of platelets and their correlation with platelet hyperreactivity among elderly individuals. Methods This study included 10 young (28.1 ± 1.9 years), 10 middle-aged (60.4 ± 2.2 years), and 10 old (74.2 ± 3.0 years) subjects. Washed platelets were used in the present study. Platelet samples were analysed by using data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). Results The results showed that the platelet proteomic profile exhibited high similarity between the young and middle-aged groups. However, there were significant differences in protein expression profiles between the old group and the young group. By exploring the dynamic changes in the platelet proteome with ageing, clusters of proteins that changed significantly with ageing were selected for further investigation. These clusters were related to the initial triggering of complement, phagosome and haemostasis based on enrichment analysis. We found that platelet degranulation was the major characteristic of the differentially expressed proteins between the old and young populations. Moreover, complement activation, the calcium signalling pathway and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway were enriched in differentially expressed proteins. Conclusions The present study showed that there are obvious differences in the protein profiles of the elderly compared with young and middle-aged populations. The results provide novel evidence showing changes in platelet hyperactivity and susceptibility to thrombosis in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lian Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Yu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
| | - Ruo-Mei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Ping Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Pirabe A, Frühwirth S, Brunnthaler L, Hackl H, Schmuckenschlager A, Schrottmaier WC, Assinger A. Age-Dependent Surface Receptor Expression Patterns in Immature Versus Mature Platelets in Mouse Models of Regenerative Thrombocytopenia. Cells 2023; 12:2419. [PMID: 37830633 PMCID: PMC10571991 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifaceted process that unfolds at both the individual and cellular levels, resulting in changes in platelet count and platelet reactivity. These alterations are influenced by shifts in platelet production, as well as by various environmental factors that affect circulating platelets. Aging also triggers functional changes in platelets, including a reduction in RNA content and protein production capacity. Older individuals and RNA-rich immature platelets often exhibit hyperactivity, contributing significantly to pathologic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, sepsis, and thrombosis. However, the impact of aging on surface receptor expression of circulating platelets, particularly whether these effects vary between immature and mature platelets, remains largely unexplored. Thus, we investigated the expression of certain surface and activation receptors on platelets from young and old mice as well as on immature and mature platelets from mouse models of regenerative thrombocytopenia by flow cytometry. Our findings indicate that aged mice show an upregulated expression of the platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31), tetraspanin-29 (CD9), and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) compared to their younger counterparts. Interestingly, when comparing immature and mature platelets in both young and old mice, no differences were observed in mature platelets. However, immature platelets from young mice displayed higher surface expression compared to immature platelets from old mice. Additionally, in mouse models of regenerative thrombocytopenia, the majority of receptors were upregulated in immature platelets. These results suggest that distinct surface receptor expressions are increased on platelets from old mice and immature platelets, which may partially explain their heightened activity and contribute to an increased thrombotic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Pirabe
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Frühwirth
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Brunnthaler
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hubert Hackl
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Anna Schmuckenschlager
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Waltraud C. Schrottmaier
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Assinger
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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4
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Konstorum A, Mohanty S, Zhao Y, Melillo A, Vander Wyk B, Nelson A, Tsang S, Blevins TP, Belshe R, Chawla DG, Rondina MT, Gill TM, Montgomery RR, Allore HG, Kleinstein SH, Shaw AC. Platelet response to influenza vaccination reflects effects of aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13749. [PMID: 36656789 PMCID: PMC9924941 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are uniquely positioned as mediators of not only hemostasis but also innate immunity. However, how age and geriatric conditions such as frailty influence platelet function during an immune response remains unclear. We assessed the platelet transcriptome at baseline and following influenza vaccination in Younger (age 21-35) and Older (age ≥65) adults (including community-dwelling individuals who were largely non-frail and skilled nursing facility (SNF)-resident adults who nearly all met criteria for frailty). Prior to vaccination, we observed an age-associated increase in the expression of platelet activation and mitochondrial RNAs and decrease in RNAs encoding proteins mediating translation. Age-associated differences were also identified in post-vaccination response trajectories over 28 days. Using tensor decomposition analysis, we found increasing RNA expression of genes in platelet activation pathways in young participants, but decreasing levels in (SNF)-resident adults. Translation RNA trajectories were inversely correlated with these activation pathways. Enhanced platelet activation was found in community-dwelling older adults at the protein level, compared to young individuals both prior to and post-vaccination; whereas SNF residents showed decreased platelet activation compared to community-dwelling older adults that could reflect the influence of decreased translation RNA expression. Our results reveal alterations in the platelet transcriptome and activation responses that may contribute to age-associated chronic inflammation and the increased incidence of thrombotic and pro-inflammatory diseases in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Konstorum
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Subhasis Mohanty
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious DiseasesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Yujiao Zhao
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Anthony Melillo
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Brent Vander Wyk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Allison Nelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious DiseasesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Sui Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Tamara P. Blevins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineSaint Louis University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Robert B. Belshe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of MedicineSaint Louis University School of MedicineSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Daniel G. Chawla
- Program in Computational Biology and BioinformaticsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Matthew T. Rondina
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pathology, and the Molecular Medicine ProgramUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of Medicine and the GRECCGeorge E. Wahlen VAMCSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Thomas M. Gill
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Ruth R. Montgomery
- Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Heather G. Allore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Geriatrics and Program on AgingYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Steven H. Kleinstein
- Department of PathologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Program in Computational Biology and BioinformaticsYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Albert C. Shaw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious DiseasesYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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5
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Pennings GJ, Reddel CJ, Chen VM, Gnanenthiran SR, Kritharides L. Perspective: Collagen induced platelet activation via the GPVI receptor as a primary target of colchicine in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1104744. [PMID: 36741844 PMCID: PMC9892722 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1104744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Colchicine has been demonstrated to reduce cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke, and ischemia-driven coronary revascularization in people with coronary artery disease (CAD). These reductions were observed even in patients already taking antiplatelet therapy. As well as having anti-inflammatory effects, colchicine demonstrates antiplatelet effects. We propose that colchicine's antiplatelet effects primarily target collagen-induced platelet activation via the collagen receptor, glycoprotein (GP)VI, which is critical for arterial thrombosis formation. In settings such as stroke and MI, GPVI signaling is upregulated. We have demonstrated in vitro that therapeutic concentrations of colchicine lead to a decrease in collagen-induced platelet aggregation and alter GPVI signaling. Clinical studies of colchicine given for 6 months lead to a significant reduction in serum GPVI levels in CAD patients, which may ameliorate thrombotic risk. Future evaluation of the effects of colchicine in clinical trials should include assessment of its effects on collagen-mediated platelet activation, and consideration be given to quantifying the contribution of such antiplatelet effects additional to the known anti-inflammatory effects of colchicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle J. Pennings
- Vascular Biology Group, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia,Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Caroline J. Reddel
- Vascular Biology Group, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivien M. Chen
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia,Platelet, Thrombosis Research Laboratory, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonali R. Gnanenthiran
- Vascular Biology Group, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia,Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia,The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Newtown, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- Vascular Biology Group, ANZAC Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, Australia,Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, NSW, Australia,*Correspondence: Leonard Kritharides ✉
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6
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Hadley JB, Kelher MR, D’Alessandro A, Gamboni F, Hansen K, Coleman J, Jones K, Cohen M, Moore EE, Banerjee A, Silliman CC. A pilot study of the metabolic profiles of apheresis platelets modified by donor age and sex and in vitro short-term incubation with sex hormones. Transfusion 2022; 62:2596-2608. [PMID: 36309927 PMCID: PMC9837799 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets are part of innate immunity and comprise the cellular portion of hemostasis. Platelets express sex hormone receptors on their plasma membrane and sex hormones can alter their function in vitro. Little is known about how age and sex may affect platelet biology; thus, we hypothesized that platelets from males and females have different metabolomic profiles, which may be altered by age and in vitro treatment with sex hormones. METHODS Day 1 apheresis platelets were drawn from five 18-53-year-old, premenopausal younger females (YF), five ≥54-year-old, postmenopausal, older females (OF), five 18-44-year-old younger males (YM), and four ≥45-year-old older males (OM). Platelets were normalized to a standard concentration and metabolomics analyses were completed. Unsupervised statistical analyses and hierarchical clustering with principal component analyses were completed. RESULTS Platelets from OM had (1) elevated mono-, di- and tri-carboxylates, (2) increased levels of free fatty acids, acyl-carnitines, and free amino acids, and (3) increased purine breakdown and deamination products. In vitro incubation with sex hormones only affected platelets from OM donors with trends towards increased ATP and other high-energy purines and decreases in L-proline and other amino acids. CONCLUSION Platelets from OM's versus YF, OF, and YM have a different metabolome implying increased energy metabolism, more free fatty acids, acylcarnitines, and amino acids, and increased breakdown of purines and deamination products. However, only platelets from OM were affected by sex hormones in vitro. Platelets from OM are metabolically distinct, which may impart functional differences when transfused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie B. Hadley
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marguerite R. Kelher
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Fabia Gamboni
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kirk Hansen
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Julia Coleman
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenneth Jones
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Oklahoma School of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Mitchell Cohen
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ernest E. Moore
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher C. Silliman
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA,Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA,The Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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7
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Hadley JB, Kelher MR, Coleman JR, Kelly KK, Dumont LJ, Esparza O, Banerjee A, Cohen MJ, Jones K, Silliman CC. Hormones, age, and sex affect platelet responsiveness in vitro. Transfusion 2022; 62:1882-1893. [PMID: 35929193 PMCID: PMC9464702 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female sex confers a survival advantage following severe injury in the setting of trauma-induced coagulopathy, with female platelets having heightened responsiveness likely due to estrogen. The effects of testosterone on platelet biology are unknown, and platelets express both estradiol and androgen receptors on the plasma membrane. We hypothesize testosterone decreases platelet responses in vitro, and there are baseline differences in platelet function and metabolism stratified by sex/age. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Apheresis platelets were collected from: older males (OM) ≥45 years, younger males (YM) <45 years, older females (OF) ≥54 years, and younger females (YF) <54 years, and testosterone and estradiol were measured. Platelets were incubated with testosterone (5.31 ng/ml), estradiol (105 pg/ml) or vehicle and stimulated with buffer, adenosine diphosphate (20 μM), platelet activating factor (2 μM), or thrombin (0.3 U/ml). Aggregation, CD62P surface expression, fibrinogen receptor surface expression, and platelet mitochondrial metabolism were measured. RESULTS Testosterone significantly inhibited aggregation in OF and OM (p < .05), inhibited CD41a expression in YF, YM, and OM (p < .05), and affected a few of the baseline amounts of CD62P surface expression but not platelet activation to platelet-activating factor and adenosine diphosphate, and variably changed platelet metabolism. DISCUSSION Platelets have sex- and age-specific aggregation, receptor expression, and metabolism. Testosterone decreases platelet function dependent on the stimulus, age, and sex. Similarly, platelet metabolism has varying responses to sex hormones with baseline metabolic differences dependent upon sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie B Hadley
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marguerite R Kelher
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Julia R Coleman
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Larry J Dumont
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
- The Department of Pathology School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Orlando Esparza
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Mitchell J Cohen
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kenneth Jones
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Oklahoma School of Medicine, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Christopher C Silliman
- The Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA
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8
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Gnanenthiran SR, Pennings GJ, Reddel CJ, Campbell H, Kockx M, Hamilton JR, Chen V, Kritharides L. Identification of a Distinct Platelet Phenotype in the Elderly: ADP Hypersensitivity Coexists With Platelet PAR (Protease-Activated Receptor)-1 and PAR-4-Mediated Thrombin Resistance. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:960-972. [PMID: 35708029 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.316772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin (via PAR [protease-activated receptor]-1 and PAR-4) and ADP (via P2Y12 receptors) are potent endogenous platelet activators implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to assess whether platelet pathways alter with aging. METHODS We characterized platelet activity in community-dwelling volunteers (n=174) in the following age groups: (1) 20 to 30 (young); (2) 40 to 55 (middle-aged); (3) ≥70 years (elderly). Platelet activity was assessed by aggregometry; flow cytometry (surface markers [P-selectin: alpha granule release, CD63: dense granule release, PAC-1 (measure of conformationally active GPIIb/IIIa at the fibrinogen binding site): GPIIb/IIIa conformational activation] measured under basal conditions and after agonist stimulation [ADP, thrombin, PAR-1 agonist or PAR-4 agonist]); receptor cleavage and quantification; fluorometry; calcium flux; ELISA. RESULTS The elderly had higher basal platelet activation than the young, evidenced by increased expression of P-selectin, CD63, and PAC-1, which correlated with increasing inflammation (IL [interleukin]-1β/IL-6). The elderly demonstrated higher P2Y12 receptor density, with greater ADP-induced platelet aggregation (P<0.05). However, elderly subjects were resistant to thrombin, achieving less activation in response to thrombin (higher EC50) and to selective stimulation of both PAR-1 and PAR-4, with higher basal PAR-1/PAR-4 cleavage and less inducible PAR-1/PAR-4 cleavage (all P<0.05). Thrombin resistance was attributable to a combination of reduced thrombin orienting receptor GPIbα, reduced secondary ADP contribution to thrombin-mediated activation, and blunted calcium flux. D-Dimer, a marker of in situ thrombin generation, correlated with platelet activation in the circulation, ex vivo thrombin resistance, and circulating inflammatory mediators (TNF [tumor necrosis factor]-α/IL-6). CONCLUSIONS Aging is associated with a distinctive platelet phenotype of increased basal activation, ADP hyperreactivity, and thrombin resistance. In situ thrombin generation associated with systemic inflammation may be novel target to prevent cardiovascular disease in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali R Gnanenthiran
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., M.K., L.K.).,ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Gabrielle J Pennings
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Caroline J Reddel
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Heather Campbell
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Maaike Kockx
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., M.K., L.K.).,ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre of Blood Diseases, Monash University, Victoria, Australia (J.R.H.)
| | - Vivien Chen
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.).,Haematology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (V.C.)
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., M.K., L.K.).,ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
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9
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Carbone MG, Pagni G, Tagliarini C, Imbimbo BP, Pomara N. Can platelet activation result in increased plasma Aβ levels and contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease? Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101420. [PMID: 34371202 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the central lesions in the brain of subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is represented by aggregates of β-amyloid (Aβ), a peptide of 40-42 amino acids derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP). The reasons why Aβ accumulates in the brain of individuals with sporadic forms of AD are unknown. Platelets are the primary source of circulating APP and, upon activation, can secrete significant amounts of Aβ into the blood which can be actively transported to the brain across the blood-brain barrier and promote amyloid deposition. Increased platelet activity can stimulate platelet adhesion to endothelial cells, trigger the recruitment of leukocytes into the vascular wall and cause perivascular inflammation, which can spread inflammation in the brain. Neuroinflammation is fueled by activated microglial cells and reactive astrocytes that release neurotoxic cytokines and chemokines. Platelet activation is also associated with the progression of carotid artery disease resulting in an increased risk of cerebral hypoperfusion which may also contribute to the AD neurodegenerative process. Platelet activation may thus be a pathophysiological mechanism of AD and for the strong link between AD and cerebrovascular diseases. Interfering with platelet activation may represent a promising potential adjunct therapeutic approach for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Glauco Carbone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Psychiatry, University of Insubria, Viale Luigi Borri 57, 21100, Varese, Italy; Pisa-School of Experimental and Clinical Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Pagni
- Pisa-School of Experimental and Clinical Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Claudia Tagliarini
- Pisa-School of Experimental and Clinical Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 57, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Nunzio Pomara
- Geriatric Psychiatry Department, Nathan Kline Institute, and Departments of Psychiatry and Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 140 Old Orangeburg Road Orangeburg, New York, 10962, United States.
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10
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Malladi N, Johny E, Uppulapu SK, Tiwari V, Alam MJ, Adela R, Banerjee SK. Understanding the Activation of Platelets in Diabetes and Its Modulation by Allyl Methyl Sulfide, an Active Metabolite of Garlic. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:6404438. [PMID: 35127948 PMCID: PMC8808240 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6404438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with higher risk of having cardiovascular disease. Platelets play a promising role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications in diabetes. Since last several decades, garlic and its bioactive components are extensively studied in diabetes and its complications. Our aim was to explore the antiplatelet property of allyl methyl sulfide (AMS) focusing on ameliorating platelet activation in diabetes. METHOD We used streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats as model for type 1 diabetes. We have evaluated the effect of allyl methyl sulfide on platelet activation by administrating AMS to diabetic rats for 10 weeks. Flow cytometry-based analysis was used to evaluate the platelet activation, platelet aggregation, platelet macrophage interaction, and endogenous ROS generation in the platelets obtained from control, diabetes, and AMS- and aspirin-treated diabetic rats. RESULTS AMS treatment for 10 weeks effectively reduced the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Three weeks of AMS (50 mg/kg/day) treatment did not reduce the activation of platelets but a significant (p < 0.05) decrease was observed after 10 weeks of treatment. Oral administration of AMS significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the baseline and also reduced ADP-induced aggregation of platelets after 3 and 10 weeks of treatment. Furthermore, 10 weeks of AMS treatment in diabetic rats attenuated the endogenous ROS content (p < 0.05) of platelets and platelet macrophage interactions. The inhibition of platelet activation in diabetic rats after AMS treatment was comparable with aspirin treatment (30 mg/kg/day). CONCLUSION We observed an inhibitory effect of allyl methyl sulfide on platelet aggregation, platelet activation, platelet macrophage interaction, and increased ROS levels in type 1 diabetes. Our data suggests that AMS can be useful to control cardiovascular complication in diabetes via inhibition of platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Malladi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
| | - Ebin Johny
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
| | - Shravan K. Uppulapu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
| | - Vikas Tiwari
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
| | - Ramu Adela
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
| | - Sanjay K. Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, 781101 Assam, India
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Advances in medical care and preventive measures have contributed to increasing life expectancy. Therefore, it is critical to expand our understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological adaptations of the hematological system in aging. We highlight and review the findings from recent investigations aimed at understanding the effects of aging on megakaryocytes and platelets. RECENT FINDINGS Biochemical and transcriptomic studies of megakaryocytes and platelets from older humans and mice have advanced our understanding of the molecular and functional characteristics of megakaryocytes and platelets during aging. These studies have led to the identification of metabolic and inflammatory pathways associated with the generation of hyperreactive platelets that may significantly contribute to the high incidence of thrombosis in aging. SUMMARY By increasing our research efforts to understand and identify the characteristics of megakaryocytes and platelets in aging, we will increase our potential to develop novel therapies aimed at decreasing the incidence of aging-associated thrombosis. These efforts will also serve as a foundation to better understand the role of megakaryocytes and platelets in other age-related hematological conditions with high thrombotic risk such as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential and myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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12
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Faria AVS, Andrade SS, Peppelenbosch MP, Ferreira-Halder CV, Fuhler GM. Platelets in aging and cancer-"double-edged sword". Cancer Metastasis Rev 2020; 39:1205-1221. [PMID: 32869161 PMCID: PMC7458881 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-020-09926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelets control hemostasis and play a key role in inflammation and immunity. However, platelet function may change during aging, and a role for these versatile cells in many age-related pathological processes is emerging. In addition to a well-known role in cardiovascular disease, platelet activity is now thought to contribute to cancer cell metastasis and tumor-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) development. Worldwide, the great majority of all patients with cardiovascular disease and some with cancer receive anti-platelet therapy to reduce the risk of thrombosis. However, not only do thrombotic diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, cancer, especially metastasis, is still the second cause of death worldwide. Understanding how platelets change during aging and how they may contribute to aging-related diseases such as cancer may contribute to steps taken along the road towards a "healthy aging" strategy. Here, we review the changes that occur in platelets during aging, and investigate how these versatile blood components contribute to cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra V S Faria
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | | | - Maikel P Peppelenbosch
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen V Ferreira-Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Gwenny M Fuhler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, NL-3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Venturini W, Olate-Briones A, Valenzuela C, Méndez D, Fuentes E, Cayo A, Mancilla D, Segovia R, Brown NE, Moore-Carrasco R. Platelet Activation Is Triggered by Factors Secreted by Senescent Endothelial HMEC-1 Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093287. [PMID: 32384773 PMCID: PMC7246568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the main risk factors for the development of chronic diseases, with both the vascular endothelium and platelets becoming functionally altered. Cellular senescence is a form of permanent cell cycle arrest initially described in primary cells propagated in vitro, although it can also be induced by anticancer drugs and other stressful stimuli. Attesting for the complexity of the senescent phenotype, senescent cells synthesize and secrete a wide variety of bioactive molecules. This “senescence-associated secretory phenotype” (SASP) endows senescent cells with the ability to modify the tissue microenvironment in ways that may be relevant to the development of various physiological and pathological processes. So far, however, the direct role of factors secreted by senescent endothelial cells on platelet function remains unknown. In the present work, we explore the effects of SASP factors derived from senescent endothelial cells on platelet function. To this end, we took advantage of a model in which immortalized endothelial cells (HMEC-1) were induced to senesce following exposure to doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic drug widely used in the clinic. Our results indicate that (1) low concentrations of doxorubicin induce senescence in HMEC-1 cells; (2) senescent HMEC-1 cells upregulate the expression of selected components of the SASP and (3) the media conditioned by senescent endothelial cells are capable of inducing platelet activation and aggregation. These results suggest that factors secreted by senescent endothelial cells in vivo could have a relevant role in the platelet activation observed in the elderly or in patients undergoing therapeutic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Alexandra Olate-Briones
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Claudio Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
- Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Diego Méndez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.M.); (E.F.)
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.M.); (E.F.)
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000 Chile
| | - Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Daniel Mancilla
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Raul Segovia
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Nelson E. Brown
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca 3460000, Chile; (W.V.); (A.O.-B.); (C.V.); (A.C.); (D.M.); (R.S.)
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: (N.E.B.); (R.M.-C.)
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.M.); (E.F.)
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Talca 3460000, Chile
- Correspondence: (N.E.B.); (R.M.-C.)
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14
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Kniewallner KM, de Sousa DMB, Unger MS, Mrowetz H, Aigner L. Platelets in Amyloidogenic Mice Are Activated and Invade the Brain. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:129. [PMID: 32194368 PMCID: PMC7063083 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a complex and not fully understood pathogenesis. Besides brain-intrinsic hallmarks such as abnormal deposition of harmful proteins, i.e., amyloid beta in plaques and hyperphosphorylated Tau in neurofibrillary tangles, blood-derived elements, in particular, platelets have been discussed to be involved in AD pathogenesis. The underlying mechanisms, however, are rather unexplored. Here, we investigate a potential role of platelets in an AD transgenic animal model with severe amyloid plaque formation, the APP-PS1 transgenic mice, and analyzed the presence, spatial location and activation status of platelets within the brain. In APP-PS1 mice, a higher number of platelets were located within the brain parenchyma, i.e., outside the cerebral blood vessels compared to WT controls. Such platelets were activated according to the expression of the platelet activation marker CD62P and to morphological hallmarks such as membrane protrusions. In the brain, platelets were in close contact exclusively with astrocytes suggesting an interaction between these two cell types. In the bloodstream, although the percentage of activated platelets did not differ between transgenic and age-matched control animals, APP-PS1 blood-derived platelets showed remarkable ultrastructural peculiarities in platelet-specific organelles such as the open canalicular system (OCS). This work urges for further investigations on platelets and their yet unknown functional roles in the brain, which might go beyond AD pathogenesis and be relevant for various age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin M Kniewallner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Diana M Bessa de Sousa
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Michael S Unger
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Heike Mrowetz
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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15
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Valenzuela CA, Quintanilla R, Olate-Briones A, Venturini W, Mancilla D, Cayo A, Moore-Carrasco R, Brown NE. SASP-Dependent Interactions between Senescent Cells and Platelets Modulate Migration and Invasion of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215292. [PMID: 31653055 PMCID: PMC6862446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in platelet aggregation are common in aging individuals and in the context of age-related pathologies such as cancer. So far, however, the effects of senescent cells on platelets have not been explored. In addition to serving as a barrier to tumor progression, cellular senescence can contribute to remodeling tissue microenvironments through the capacity of senescent cells to synthesize and secrete a plethora of bioactive factors, a feature referred to as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). As senescent cells accumulate in aging tissues, sites of tissue injury, or in response to drugs, SASP factors may contribute to increase platelet activity and, through this mechanism, generate a microenvironment that facilitates cancer progression. Using in vitro models of drug-induced senescence, in which cellular senescence was induced following exposure of mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A and MCF-7) and gastric cancer cells (AGS) to the CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib, we show that senescent mammary and gastric cells display unique expression profiles of selected SASP factors, most of them being downregulated at the RNA level in senescent AGS cells. In addition, we observed cell-type specific differences in the levels of secreted factors, including IL-1β, in media conditioned by senescent cells. Interestingly, only media conditioned by senescent MCF-10A and MCF-7 cells were able to enhance platelet aggregation, although all three types of senescent cells were able to attract platelets in vitro. Nevertheless, the effects of factors secreted by senescent cells and platelets on the migration and invasion of non-senescent cells are complex. Overall, platelets have prominent effects on migration, while factors secreted by senescent cells tend to promote invasion. These differential responses likely reflect differences in the specific arrays of secreted senescence-associated factors, specific factors released by platelets upon activation, and the susceptibility of target cells to respond to these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio A Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Ricardo Quintanilla
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | | | - Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Daniel Mancilla
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Nelson E Brown
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Talca 3460000, Chile.
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16
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Abstract
Platelets are small, anucleated effector cells that play an important role in linking the hemostatic and inflammatory processes in the body. Platelet function is known to be altered under various inflammatory conditions including aging. A gain in platelet function during aging can increase the risk of thrombotic events, such as stroke and acute myocardial infarction. Anti-platelet therapy is designed to reduce risk of serious cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events, but the adverse consequences of therapy, such as risk for bleeding increases with aging as well. Age-associated comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia also contribute to increased platelet activity and thus can enhance the risk of thrombosis. Therefore, identification of unique mechanisms of platelet dysfunction in aging and in age-associated comorbidities is warranted to design novel antiplatelet drugs. This review outlines some of the current areas of research on aging-related mechanisms of platelet hyperactivity and addresses the clinical urgency for designing anti-platelet therapies toward novel molecular targets in the aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna S Iyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa city, USA
| | - Sanjana Dayal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa city, USA
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17
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Hernández B, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. Increased platelet function during frailty. Exp Hematol 2019; 77:12-25.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Platelets are specialized effector cells that rapidly respond to sites of vascular injury. However, emerging data demonstrate that platelets possess diverse functions that also mediate inflammatory responses and neurological diseases. These functions are relevant to disease processes prevalent among older adults and likely influence susceptibility to thrombotic and inflammatory disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Platelet counts decrease in aged individuals whereas platelet reactivity increases. The platelet transcriptome is altered in aged individuals resulting in altered platelet function and exaggerated inflammation. Platelet signaling to monocytes in aging results in significantly more cytokines because of increased platelet-derived granzyme A. Platelet activation in aging appears to be driven, in part, because of increased reactive oxygen species and activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Increased platelet hyperactivity in diseases is associated with aging, such cardiovascular disease and sepsis, exaggerate inflammation and thrombosis. Noncanonical functions of platelets influence the development of neurological diseases including Alzheimer's disease. SUMMARY Although there have been advances dissecting the molecular mechanisms regarding aging-related changes in platelets, many knowledge gaps still remain. Studies filling these gaps are likely to identify new mechanisms driving aging-related changes in platelet gene expression and function, and contributing to injurious thrombo-inflammation in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Montenont
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
| | - Matthew T. Rondina
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132
- George E. Wahlen VAMC Department of Internal Medicine and GRECC, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84148
| | - Robert A. Campbell
- University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132
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19
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Le Blanc J, Lordkipanidzé M. Platelet Function in Aging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:109. [PMID: 31448291 PMCID: PMC6692461 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and thrombosis. Platelets play a major role in maintaining hemostasis and in thrombus formation, making them a key player in thrombotic disorders. Whereas it is well-known that platelet aggregability is increased in vascular diseases, the contribution of age-related changes in platelet biology to cardiovascular risk is not well-understood. Several lines of evidence support that platelets from older subjects differ in their function and structure, making platelets more prone to activation and less sensitive to inhibition. These age-related changes could lead to platelet hyperactivity and to the development of a prothrombotic state in advanced age. This review will focus on platelet biochemical modifications during aging and on the mechanisms by which these alterations could lead to thrombotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Le Blanc
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie Lordkipanidzé
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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20
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Kuhnla A, Reinthaler M, Braune S, Maier A, Pindur G, Lendlein A, Jung F. Spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation in apparently healthy subjects in relation to age. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 71:425-435. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-199006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kuhnla
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - M. Reinthaler
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, University Hospital, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Braune
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - A. Maier
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Gerhard Pindur
- Institute of Clinical Haemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - A. Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - F. Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Haemostaseology and Transfusion Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
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21
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Berlin G, Hammar M, Tapper L, Tynngård N. Effects of age, gender and menstrual cycle on platelet function assessed by impedance aggregometry. Platelets 2018; 30:473-479. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1466387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Berlin
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - M. Hammar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - L. Tapper
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - N. Tynngård
- Research and Development Unit in Region Östergötland and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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22
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Hayashi H, Cherpokova D, Martinod K, Witsch T, Wong SL, Gallant M, Cifuni SM, Guarente LP, Wagner DD. Sirt3 deficiency does not affect venous thrombosis or NETosis despite mild elevation of intracellular ROS in platelets and neutrophils in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188341. [PMID: 29236713 PMCID: PMC5728566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common denominator in chronic diseases of aging. Yet, how inflammation fuels these diseases remains unknown. Neutrophils are the primary leukocytes involved in the early phase of innate immunity and inflammation. As part of their anti-microbial defense, neutrophils form extracellular traps (NETs) by releasing decondensed chromatin lined with cytotoxic proteins. NETs have been shown to induce tissue injury and thrombosis. Here, we demonstrated that Sirt3, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase, an enzyme linked to human longevity, was expressed in mouse neutrophils and platelets. Using Sirt3-/- mice as a model of accelerated aging, we investigated the effects of Sirt3 deficiency on NETosis and platelet function, aiming to detect enhancement of thrombosis. More mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated in neutrophils and platelets of Sirt3-/- mice compared to WT, when stimulated with a low concentration of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and a high concentration of thrombin, respectively. There were no differences in in vitro NETosis, with or without stimulation. Platelet aggregation was mildly augmented in Sirt3-/- mice compared to WT mice, when stimulated with a low concentration of collagen. The effect of Sirt3 deficiency on platelet and neutrophil activation in vivo was examined by the venous thrombosis model of inferior vena cava stenosis. Elevation of plasma DNA concentration was observed after stenosis in both genotypes, but no difference was shown between the two genotypes. The systemic response to thrombosis was enhanced in Sirt3-/- mice with significantly elevated neutrophil count and reduced platelet count. However, no differences were observed in incidence of thrombus formation, thrombus weight and thrombin-antithrombin complex generation between WT and Sirt3-/- mice. We conclude that Sirt3 does not considerably impact NET formation, platelet function, or venous thrombosis in healthy young mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Hayashi
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Deya Cherpokova
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Martinod
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Thilo Witsch
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Siu Ling Wong
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Maureen Gallant
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stephen M. Cifuni
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leonard P. Guarente
- Department of Biology, Paul F. Glenn Center for the Science of Aging, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Denisa D. Wagner
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Valenzuela CA, Quintanilla R, Moore-Carrasco R, Brown NE. The Potential Role of Senescence As a Modulator of Platelets and Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2017; 7:188. [PMID: 28894697 PMCID: PMC5581331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to thrombus formation, alterations in platelet function are frequently observed in cancer patients. Importantly, both thrombus and tumor formation are influenced by age, although the mechanisms through which physiological aging modulates these processes remain poorly understood. In this context, the potential effects of senescent cells on platelet function represent pathophysiological mechanisms that deserve further exploration. Cellular senescence has traditionally been viewed as a barrier to tumorigenesis. However, far from being passive bystanders, senescent cells are metabolically active and able to secrete a variety of soluble and insoluble factors. This feature, known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), may provide senescent cells with the capacity to modify the tissue environment and, paradoxically, promote proliferation and neoplastic transformation of neighboring cells. In fact, the SASP-dependent ability of senescent cells to enhance tumorigenesis has been confirmed in cellular systems involving epithelial cells and fibroblasts, leaving open the question as to whether similar interactions can be extended to other cellular contexts. In this review, we discuss the diverse functions of platelets in tumorigenesis and suggest the possibility that senescent cells might also influence tumorigenesis through their ability to modulate the functional status of platelets through the SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Quintanilla
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Nelson E Brown
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca Medical School, Talca, Chile
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Abstract
There are clear age-related changes in platelet count and function, driven by changes in hematopoietic tissue, the composition of the blood and vascular health. Platelet count remains relatively stable during middle age (25–60 years old) but falls in older people. The effect of age on platelet function is slightly less clear. The longstanding view is that platelet reactivity increases with age in an almost linear fashion. There are, however, serious limitations to the data supporting this dogma. We can conclude that platelet function increases during middle age, but little evidence exists on the changes in platelet responsiveness in old age (>75 years old). This change in platelet function is driven by differential mRNA and microRNA expression, an increase in oxidative stress and changes in platelet receptors. These age-related changes in platelets are particularly pertinent given that thrombotic disease and use of anti-platelet drugs is much more prevalent in the elderly population, yet the majority of platelet research is carried out in young to middle-aged (20–50 years old) human volunteers and young mice (2–6 months old). We know relatively little about exactly how platelets from people over 75 years old differ from those of middle-aged subjects, and we know even less about the mechanisms that drive these changes. Addressing these gaps in our knowledge will provide substantial understanding in how cell signalling changes during ageing and will enable the development of more precise anti-platelet therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris I Jones
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Harborne Building, Whiteknights, Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6AS, UK.
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25
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Zhou D, Fan Y, Wan Z, Wen W, Wang X, Zhou J, Chen T, Yuan Z. Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Improves the Predictive Power of GRACE Risk Score for Long-Term Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cardiology 2016; 134:39-46. [PMID: 26866504 DOI: 10.1159/000442939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the relationship between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and GRACE risk score and to examine whether PLR on admission can improve the predictive value of GRACE risk score for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS PLR was calculated from the platelet and lymphocyte counts from the complete blood count of 2,230 ACS patients upon admission. The GRACE risk score was also calculated. RESULTS Spearman's rank correlation demonstrated that GRACE risk score was positively correlated with PLR (r = 0.190, p < 0.001). After a median follow-up period of 58 months, multivariate Cox analysis showed that both GRACE risk score [hazard ratio (HR) 1.092, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.067-1.117, p < 0.001] and PLR (HR 1.100, 95% CI 1.088-1.112, p < 0.001) could independently predict CVD events. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis proved that using PLR together with GRACE risk score improved the score from 0.70 (95% CI 0.67-0.73, p < 0.001) when used alone to 0.81 (95% CI 0.79-0.83, p < 0.001) for CVD events and from 0.73 (95% CI 0.70-0.77, p < 0.001) when used alone to 0.80 (95% CI 0.77-0.83, p < 0.001) for all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS This study proves, for the first time, a positive association between GRACE risk score and PLR, and that a combination of PLR and GRACE risk score is more effective in predicting CVD events in ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
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Nguyen TN, Pepperell D, Morel-Kopp MC, Cumming RG, Ward C, Hilmer SN. Effect of Frailty and Age on Platelet Aggregation and Response to Aspirin in Older Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A Pilot Study. Cardiol Ther 2016; 5:51-62. [PMID: 26843016 PMCID: PMC4906083 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-016-0056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frailty is associated with changes in inflammation, coagulation, and possibly platelet function. Aspirin is still prescribed for stroke prevention in older patients with atrial fibrillation, although not recommended by current guidelines. In frail older people, it is unclear whether platelet aggregability and response to aspirin are altered. This study aims to investigate the effects of frailty and chronological age on platelet aggregability and on responses to aspirin in older patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS Inpatients with atrial fibrillation aged ≥65 years were recruited from a tertiary referral hospital in Sydney, Australia. Frailty was determined using the Reported Edmonton Frail Scale. Platelet aggregation studies were performed using whole blood impedance aggregometry. RESULTS Data from 115 participants were analyzed (mean age 85 ± 6 years, 41% female, 52% frail). Spearman correlation coefficients found no significant associations of platelet aggregation with chronological age or with frailty score. Comparison between frail and non-frail groups showed that there was no impact of frailty status on aggregation assays amongst participants who were not taking any antiplatelet drugs. Amongst participants taking aspirin, the frail had higher adjusted arachidonic acid agonist (ASPI) test measures (AU per platelet) than the non-frail (0.11 ± 0.11 vs. 0.05 ± 0.04; p = 0.04), suggesting that in frail participants, platelet aggregation is less responsive to aspirin than in non-frail. CONCLUSIONS We found no effect of chronological age or frailty status on platelet aggregation amongst older patients with atrial fibrillation in this pilot study. However, frailty could be associated with reduced aspirin responsiveness among older patients with atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tu N Nguyen
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Aged Care, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Dominic Pepperell
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital and Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marie-Christine Morel-Kopp
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital and Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert G Cumming
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Ward
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital and Northern Blood Research Centre, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah N Hilmer
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacology and Aged Care, Royal North Shore Hospital and Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Sepúlveda C, Palomo I, Fuentes E. Primary and secondary haemostasis changes related to aging. Mech Ageing Dev 2015; 150:46-54. [PMID: 26296601 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased in many countries as a result the world's population is aging. The projections indicate that the proportion of the elderly in a few decades will increase significantly. Aging carries with it a series of physiological changes; one of them is an imbalance in the hemostatic system. Thus the levels or activity of various proteins involved, such as most coagulation factors, natural anticoagulants and the fibrinolytic system are altered so that the hemostatic balance leans toward thrombosis. Also, platelet activity suggests a state of abnormal activation (P-selectin, beta thromboglobulin and platelet factor). In this review we will systematically examine the alterations in the hemostatic components that occur during aging. Therefore, understanding these hemostatic changes could contribute to developing strategies for the proper management of health in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Sepúlveda
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT- Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT- Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
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28
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Antithrombotic Pharmacotherapy in the Elderly: General Issues and Clinical Conundrums. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2011; 14:57-68. [DOI: 10.1007/s11936-011-0153-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Previtali E, Bucciarelli P, Passamonti SM, Martinelli I. Risk factors for venous and arterial thrombosis. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2011; 9:120-38. [PMID: 21084000 PMCID: PMC3096855 DOI: 10.2450/2010.0066-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Previtali
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, IRCSS General Hospital, Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Bucciarelli
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, IRCSS General Hospital, Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena M. Passamonti
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, IRCSS General Hospital, Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Ida Martinelli
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, IRCSS General Hospital, Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena Foundation, Milan, Italy
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30
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Sniecinski RM, Hursting MJ, Paidas MJ, Levy JH. Etiology and Assessment of Hypercoagulability with Lessons from Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Anesth Analg 2011; 112:46-58. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181ff0f7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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31
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Stämpfli SF, Akhmedov A, Gebhard C, Lohmann C, Holy EW, Rozenberg I, Spescha R, Shi Y, Lüscher TF, Tanner FC, Camici GG. Aging induces endothelial dysfunction while sparing arterial thrombosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30:1960-7. [PMID: 20689076 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.206920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of aging on arterial thrombus formation by comparing 2-year-old with 11-week-old C57Bl6 mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In humans, assessing the direct effects of aging on vascular homeostasis is difficult because it occurs in the presence of other risk factors. Arterial thrombosis is the critical event in cardiovascular diseases; however, it is not known whether aging per se promotes its occurrence. Mice represent an interesting system to address this issue because they age without spontaneously developing other risk factors. Organ chamber experiments confirmed the advanced level of aging of old mice. As previously shown, old mice exhibited endothelial dysfunction; however, arterial thrombosis induced by photochemical injury was unchanged. Arterial tissue factor expression and activity; expressions of tissue factor pathway inhibitor, thrombomodulin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1; prothrombin time; partial thromboplastin time; thrombin-antithrombin complex; and platelet activation were comparable in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Although these results cannot be directly extrapolated to humans, this study contributes novel important information on the direct effect of aging on arterial thrombosis and underscores the importance of controlling modifiable risk factors in aged individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon F Stämpfli
- Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
The process of aging is accompanied by several modifications in the hemostatic system at different levels (blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet activity, vascular endothelium). These changes may explain the higher incidence of arterial and venous thrombosis in the elderly compared to young people. Genetic and environmental factors modulate in different combinations the expression of proteins involved in the hemostatic process. Among the latter, diet and smoking habits play an important role, as well as physical exercise and, for women, hormonal status. A gradual and progressive development of a low-grade inflammatory state (clearly demonstrated in the elderly) is also an important factor that influences hemostasis during aging. In spite of the fact that the increased hypercoagulable state observed with aging may account for the higher incidence of thrombosis in the elderly, the finding of a similar pattern of coagulation activation in healthy centenarians suggests that a hypercoagulable state is compatible with health and longevity. Taking also into consideration that no laboratory parameters of hemostasis are predictive of thrombosis on an individual basis, a physician's behavior towards aging patients (e.g. prescription of hormonal replacement therapy to a woman during menopause) should not be affected by laboratory tests, but mainly by a patient's clinical history and the presence of strong risk factors for thrombosis other than age (e.g. diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking).
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bucciarelli
- A. Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Milan and IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena Foundation, Milan, Italy
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Alexandru N, Popov D, Sbarcea A, Amuzescu M. Platelet free cytosolic calcium concentration during ageing of type 2 diabetic patients. Platelets 2009; 18:473-80. [DOI: 10.1080/09537100701507619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Franchini M. Hemostasis and aging. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2006; 60:144-51. [PMID: 16860994 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2006.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2005] [Revised: 06/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Many changes in the vasculature, hemostasis and endothelium, including alterations of platelets, coagulation and fibrinolytic factors, occur during aging. While the increasing hypercoagulability observed with aging may account for the higher incidence of thrombotic cardiovascular disorders in the elderly, the lack of genetic protective factors against thrombosis in healthy centenarians suggests that little is yet known about the age-associated changes of hemostasis. The complex inter-relationships between inherited and acquired factors influencing the hemostatic system during aging are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Servizio di Immunoematologia e Trasfusione, Centro Emofilia, Ospedale Policlinico, Piazzale Ludovico Scuro, Azienda Ospedaliera di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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Jayachandran M, Karnicki K, Miller RS, Owen WG, Korach KS, Miller VM. Platelet characteristics change with aging: role of estrogen receptor beta. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005; 60:815-9. [PMID: 16079202 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/60.7.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor beta (betaER) is the predominant estrogen receptor in platelets. Experiments were designed to define phenotypic changes in platelets with aging following deletion of betaER (betaERKO). Blood was collected from wild-type and betaERKO female mice at 4-7 (young) and 24-25 (aged) months of age. In young animals, total number of platelets, number of platelets containing RNA (reticulated platelets), aggregation, dense body adenosine triphosphate secretion, and alpha granular secretion were the same in both groups. With aging, total number of platelets decreased but reticulated platelets increased in betaERKO mice; aggregation and dense granule adenosine triphosphate secretion decreased whereas basal expression of fibrinogen receptors increased with age in wild-type and betaERKO mice. Basal expression of P-selectin and annexin V binding increased with aging only in betaERKO mice; thrombin did not increase expression in these mice. Therefore, deletion of betaER is associated with specific platelet functions, which are expressed only with age-associated reproductive senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthuvel Jayachandran
- Department of Surgery, Physiology and Biophysics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905.
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Notarbartolo A, Catalano I, Davì G. Platelets, eicosanoids and aging. AGING (MILAN, ITALY) 1992; 4:13-20. [PMID: 1627671 DOI: 10.1007/bf03324057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Notarbartolo
- Cattedra di Patologia Speciale Medica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Italy
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Durham SK, Brouwer A, Barelds RJ, Horan MA, Knook DL. Comparative endotoxin-induced hepatic injury in young and aged rats. J Pathol 1990; 162:341-9. [PMID: 2290118 DOI: 10.1002/path.1711620412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that aged rats are more susceptible to the lethal effects of endotoxin (ET) than young rats. The early (15 min to 7 h) hepatic ultrastructural and biochemical changes induced by ET in young (6 months) and aged (24 months) rats were evaluated to elucidate cell populations and/or the mechanisms that may be responsible for the previously observed differential effects. Aged rats given ET had significantly increased numbers of neutrophils in hepatic sinusoids at 30 min and thereafter as compared with ET-treated young rats. Morphologic evidence of coagulation within hepatic sinusoids, including aggregates of fibrin enmeshed among polymorphonuclear leukocytes and platelet aggregates, was frequently observed in ET-treated aged rats but not in ET-treated young rats. In contrast, Kupffer cells of ET-treated young rats frequently contained phagocytized neutrophils and platelets, whereas this phenomenon was rarely observed in Kupffer cells of ET-treated aged rats. Hepatocellular morphologic injury was more pronounced and occurred at earlier time periods in ET-treated aged rats, and was accompanied by significant increase in hepatic transaminases. ET-treated aged rats had an earlier onset and greater severity of endothelial cell injury than did ET-treated young rats. The results of this study indicate a greater aggregation of blood elements in the hepatic sinusoids of aged rats following the intravenous administration of ET, which suggests that a greater diminution in microcirculation was induced in aged rats by ET. Additionally, the increased phagocytosis of inflammatory cells by Kupffer cells of young rats may be a mechanism which affords protection against endotoxin-induced lethality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Durham
- TNO Institute for Experimental Gerontology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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Durham SK, Horan MA, Brouwer A, Barelds RJ, Knook DL. Platelet participation in the increased severity of endotoxin-induced pulmonary injury in aged rats. J Pathol 1989; 157:339-45. [PMID: 2654345 DOI: 10.1002/path.1711570411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that aged rats are more susceptible to the lethal effects of endotoxin as compared with young rats. The morphogenesis of early endotoxin-induced pulmonary injury in young (6 months) and aged (24 months) rats was examined by combined light and transmission electron microscopy to elucidate cell populations that may be responsible for these effects. Pulmonary endothelial cell injury was of greater severity and occurred at earlier time periods in aged rats as compared with young rats. Platelet sequestration and aggregation were observed only in aged rats in this study, and occurred in conjunction with the initial degenerative changes in the endothelium. Morphological evidence of granulocyte degranulation and fragmentation was also observed only in aged rats. These results suggest that pulmonary endothelial cells of aged rats are more susceptible to endotoxin-induced injury and that platelets may play an important role in the enhancement of initial endothelial damage. Furthermore, the extent of injury to the endothelial cell population may play an important role in accounting for differences in endotoxin-induced mortality between young and aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Durham
- TNO Institute for Experimental Gerontology, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
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40
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Yonezawa Y, Kondo H, Nomaguchi TA. Age-related changes in serotonin content and its release reaction of rat platelets. Mech Ageing Dev 1989; 47:65-75. [PMID: 2725070 DOI: 10.1016/0047-6374(89)90008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The serotonin content of platelets, serum and plasma from rats of various ages was examined. In male rats, platelet serotonin content, which was about 0.65 nmol/10(8) platelets at young age (6-7 months), increased slightly at middle age (12-14 months) but decreased markedly at old age (25-26 months). Significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed between young and old rats, and between middle-aged and old rats. In female rats, on the other hand, no age-related change in the platelet serotonin content was found. In both sexes, the serotonin content of rat sera changed with age in the same pattern as that of the platelets. No plasma serotonin was detected in rats of either sex and at any ages examined. Serotonin release from rat platelets was also studied using collagen and thrombin as stimulants. In males, the responsiveness of platelets to these two stimulants showed almost the same age-dependent changes. It was lower in middle-aged rats than in young rats but increased greatly in old rats. Significant difference (P less than 0.05) was observed between middle-aged and old rats. In females, collagen and thrombin had the opposite effect on the sensitivity of the platelets as age increased. The amount of serotonin released in response to collagen was low until middle age but increased markedly at old age, while the content of serotonin released by thrombin remained high until middle age and decreased greatly at old age. These results imply that age-related changes in the serotonin release reaction in rat platelets differed according to the stimulants used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yonezawa
- Department of Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Japan
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41
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Nakashima M, Uematsu T, Takiguchi Y, Mizuno A, Uchida K, Matsubara T. Phase I clinical studies of 7432-S: effect of 7432-S on platelet aggregation and blood coagulation. J Clin Pharmacol 1988; 28:253-8. [PMID: 3162917 DOI: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03141.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of 7432-S, a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic, on platelet functions and vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation parameters were studied in human volunteers and animals. Although the ADP- and collagen-induced aggregations of human and animal platelets were inhibited in vitro by extremely high concentrations of 7432-S, the inhibitory effect of 7432-S was weaker than that of latamoxef or cefotaxime. When administered orally to human volunteers or animals, 7432-S caused no inhibition of platelet aggregation. Its administration also caused no change in prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time both in human volunteers and in rats. The conclusion reached was that the new oral antibiotic 7432-S does not affect platelet functions and blood coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
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42
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Vericel E, Croset M, Sedivy P, Courpron P, Dechavanne M, Lagarde M. Platelets and aging. I--Aggregation, arachidonate metabolism and antioxidant status. Thromb Res 1988; 49:331-42. [PMID: 3129819 DOI: 10.1016/0049-3848(88)90313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Platelet functions were investigated in sixteen old (78-94 years) and eight young (25-35 years) subjects. Whole blood platelet aggregation induced by collagen was higher in the elderly. Similarly, aggregation of platelet rich plasma and plasma-free platelets induced by various agents was increased but the collagen-induced release of ATP was reduced. In agreement with the enhanced platelet aggregability, the increase of thromboxane formation (under thrombin stimulation) was also noted in platelets from elderly people. To further assess platelet and vascular function in vivo, we measured the excretion of urinary TXB2, 2,3-dinor TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1 alpha. The four metabolites were all increased in the elder population. In addition, a significant reduction of platelet vitamin E was observed in the elderly people, although the plasma content was normal. These results indicate numerous modifications of platelet behaviour with aging. They include the increased platelet susceptibility to aggregation, and the depletion of ATP granule content, which could reflect an activation in vivo in agreement with the enhanced urinary excretion of thromboxane and prostacyclin metabolites. We hypothesize that platelet hyperactivity associated with the enhanced oxygenated metabolism of arachidonic acid could be linked to vitamin E depletion. These changes may reveal a prethrombotic state in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vericel
- INSERM U.63, Laboratoire d'Hémobiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Lyon, France
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