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de Melo Bastos Cavalcante C, Bruno Oliveira K, Maria Araújo de Souza F, Maria Jatobá Hasten Reiter M, Rodrigues Melo da Silva B, Lavínia da Silva Oliveira K, Vinicius Dos Santos Sales M, Larissa Dias Pacheco A, Santos Siqueira E, de Araújo Costa M, Gomes Dos Santos Neto J, Gabriely Duarte Torres R, Catarina R Leite A, Santana de Melo I, Salgueiro Machado S, Duzzioni M, Leite Góes Gitaí D, Wagner de Castro O. Crack cocaine inhalation increases seizure susceptibility by reducing acetylcholinesterase activity. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 156:109832. [PMID: 38761450 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Crack cocaine is a highly addictive and potent stimulant drug. Animal studies have shown that the cholinergic system plays a role in neurotoxicity induced by cocaine or its active metabolites inhalation. Behavioral alterations associated with crack cocaine use include hyperactivity, depressed mood, and decreased seizure threshold. Here we evaluate the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, behavioral profile, and the threshold for epileptic seizures in rats that received intrahippocampal pilocarpine (H-PILO) followed by exposure to crack cocaine (H-PILO + CRACK). Animals exposed to H-PILO + CRACK demonstrated increased severity and frequency of limbic seizures. The AChE activity was reduced in the groups exposed to crack cocaine alone (CRACK) and H-PILO + CRACK, whereas levels of ROS remained unchanged. In addition, crack cocaine exposure increased vertical locomotor activity, without changing water and sucrose intake. Short-term memory consolidation remained unchanged after H-PILO, H-PILO + CRACK, and CRACK administration. Overall, our data suggest that crack cocaine inhalation reduced the threshold for epileptic seizures in rats submitted to low doses of pilocarpine through the inhibition of AChE. Taken together, our findings can be useful in the development of effective strategies for preventing and treating the harmful effects of cocaine and crack cocaine on the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kellysson Bruno Oliveira
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Maria Araújo de Souza
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Rodrigues Melo da Silva
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda Larissa Dias Pacheco
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Edite Santos Siqueira
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Maisa de Araújo Costa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - José Gomes Dos Santos Neto
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Gabriely Duarte Torres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina R Leite
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Igor Santana de Melo
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Sônia Salgueiro Machado
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Leite Góes Gitaí
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Olagide Wagner de Castro
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Science and Health of Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Park Y, Paing YMM, Cho N, Kim C, Yoo J, Choi JW, Lee SH. Quinic Acid Alleviates Behavior Impairment by Reducing Neuroinflammation and MAPK Activation in LPS-Treated Mice. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2024; 32:309-318. [PMID: 38589292 PMCID: PMC11063486 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2023.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Compared to other organs, the brain has limited antioxidant defenses. In particular, the hippocampus is the central region for learning and memory and is highly susceptible to oxidative stress. Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the brain, and sustained glial cell activation is critical to the neuroinflammation that aggravates neuropathology and neurotoxicity. Therefore, regulating glial cell activation is a promising neurotherapeutic treatment. Quinic acid and its derivatives possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Although previous studies have evidenced quinic acid's benefit on the brain, in vivo and in vitro analyses of its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in glial cells have yet to be established. This study investigated quinic acid's rescue effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced behavior impairment. Orally administering quinic acid restored social impairment and LPS-induced spatial and fear memory. In addition, quinic acid inhibited proinflammatory mediator, oxidative stress marker, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in the LPS-injected hippocampus. Quinic acid inhibited nitrite release and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. Collectively, quinic acid restored impaired neuroinflammation-induced behavior by regulating proinflammatory mediator and ERK activation in astrocytes, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic agent for neuroinflammation-induced brain disease treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunn Me Me Paing
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Namki Cho
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyoun Kim
- Molecular Neuropathology Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jiho Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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Chang T, Zhang M, Zhu J, Wang H, Li CC, Wu K, Zhang ZR, Jiang YH, Wang F, Wang HT, Wang XC, Liu Y. Simulated vestibular spatial disorientation mouse model under coupled rotation revealing potential involvement of Slc17a6. iScience 2023; 26:108498. [PMID: 38162025 PMCID: PMC10757040 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Spatial disorientation (SD) is the main contributor to flight safety risks, but research progress in animals has been limited, impeding a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms of SD. This study proposed a method for constructing and evaluating a vestibular SD mouse model, which adopted coupled rotational stimulation with visual occlusion. Physiological parameters were measured alongside behavioral indices to assess the model, and neuronal changes were observed through immunofluorescent staining. The evaluation of the model involved observing decreased colonic temperature and increased arterial blood pressure in mice exposed to SD, along with notable impairments in motor and cognitive function. Our investigation unveiled that vestibular SD stimulation elicited neuronal activation in spatially associated cerebral areas, such as the hippocampus. Furthermore, transcriptomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis revealed the potential involvement of Slc17a6 in the mechanism of SD. These findings lay a foundation for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Han Wang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Cong-cong Li
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kan Wu
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Zhuo-ru Zhang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yi-hong Jiang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Hao-tian Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Wang
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Aerospace Medicine, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine of Ministry of Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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Chowdari Gurram P, Satarker S, Kumar G, Begum F, Mehta C, Nayak U, Mudgal J, Arora D, Nampoothiri M. Avanafil mediated dual inhibition of IKKβ and TNFR1 in an experimental paradigm of Alzheimer's disease: in silico and in vivo approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10659-10677. [PMID: 36533331 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2156924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease pathology, inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa-β kinase subunit β (IKKB) and Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) signaling are linked to neuroinflammation-mediated cognitive decline. We explored the role of a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) with dual antagonistic action on IKKB and TNFR1 to inhibit nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) and curb neuroinflammation. In the in silico approach, the FDA-approved Zinc 15 library was docked with IKKB and TNFR1. The top compound with dual antagonistic action on IKKB and TNFR1 was selected based on bonding and non-bonding interactions. Further, induced fit docking (IFD), molecular mechanics-generalized Born and surface area (MMGBSA), and molecular dynamic studies were carried out and evaluated. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration caused a neuroinflammation-mediated cognitive decline in mice. Two doses of avanafil were administered for 28 days while LPS was administered for 10 days. Morris water maze (MWM) along with the passive avoidance test (PAT) were carried out. Concurrently brain levels of inflammatory markers, oxidative parameters, amyloid beta (Aβ), IKKB and NF-kB levels were estimated. Avanafil produced good IKKB and TNFR1 binding ability. It interacted with crucial inhibitory amino acids of IKKB and TNFR1. MD analysis predicted good stability of avanafil with TNFR1 and IKKB. Avanafil 6 mg/kg could significantly improve performance in MWM, PAT and oxidative parameters and reduce Aβ levels and inflammatory markers. As compared to avanafil 3 mg/kg, 6 mg/kg dose was found to exert better efficacy against elevated Aβ , neuroinflammatory cytokines and oxidative markers while improving behavioural parameters.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasada Chowdari Gurram
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Gautam Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Farmiza Begum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Chetan Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Usha Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Jayesh Mudgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Devinder Arora
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Navarro D, Gasparyan A, Martí Martínez S, Díaz Marín C, Navarrete F, García Gutiérrez MS, Manzanares J. Methods to Identify Cognitive Alterations from Animals to Humans: A Translational Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087653. [PMID: 37108813 PMCID: PMC10143375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of cognitive dysfunction and dementia in developed countries, associated with population aging, has generated great interest in characterizing and quantifying cognitive deficits in these patients. An essential tool for accurate diagnosis is cognitive assessment, a lengthy process that depends on the cognitive domains analyzed. Cognitive tests, functional capacity scales, and advanced neuroimaging studies explore the different mental functions in clinical practice. On the other hand, animal models of human diseases with cognitive impairment are essential for understanding disease pathophysiology. The study of cognitive function using animal models encompasses multiple dimensions, and deciding which ones to investigate is necessary to select the most appropriate and specific tests. Therefore, this review studies the main cognitive tests for assessing cognitive deficits in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Cognitive tests, the most commonly used functional capacity scales, and those resulting from previous evidence are considered. In addition, the leading behavioral tests that assess cognitive functions in animal models of disorders with cognitive impairment are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Navarro
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Ani Gasparyan
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Silvia Martí Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Díaz Marín
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Francisco Navarrete
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - María Salud García Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, San Juan de Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
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Bhupatiraju L, Bethala K, Wen Goh K, Singh Dhaliwal J, Ching Siang T, Menon S, Menon B, Anchu KB, Yee Chan S, Chiau Ming L, Khan A. Influence of Murraya koenigii extract on diabetes induced rat brain aging. J Med Life 2023; 16:307-316. [PMID: 36937470 PMCID: PMC10015565 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Food supplements are used to improve cognitive functions in age-related dementia. This study was designed to determine the Murraya koenigii leaves' effect on Alloxan-induced cognitive impairment in diabetic rats and the contents of oxidative stress biomarkers, catalase, reduced glutathione, and glutathione reductase in brain tissue homogenates. Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (six rats per group). Group I received saline water (1 ml, p.o.), Diabetes was induced in Groups II-VII with Alloxan (120 mg/kg/p.o). Group III was provided with Donepezil HCl (2.5 mg/kg/p.o.), Group IV, V, VI, and VII with Murraya koenigii ethanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg/p.o.) and aqueous extract (200 and 400 mg/kg/p.o.), respectively, for 30 days. Behavior, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress status, and histopathological features were determined in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Administration of Murraya koenigii ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly (P<0.05, P<0.001) increased the number of holes crossed by rats from one chamber to another. There was an increase in the (1) latency to reach the solid platform, (2) number of squares traveled by rats on the 30th day, and (3) percentage of spontaneous alternation behavior compared to the control group. Administration for successive days markedly decreased AChE activity (P<0.05), decreased TBARS level, and increased catalase, GSH, and GR levels. Murayya koenigii could be a promising food supplement for people with dementia. However, more research into sub-chronic toxicity and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Bhupatiraju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Corresponding Author: Lakshmi Bhupatiraju, Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail: Khang Wen Goh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Krupavaram Bethala
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
- Corresponding Author: Lakshmi Bhupatiraju, Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail: Khang Wen Goh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tan Ching Siang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Shasidharan Menon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Bamavv Menon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Kishore Babu Anchu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Siok Yee Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University, Ipoh, Malaysia
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7
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Therapeutic effects of CORM3 and NaHS in chronic kidney disease induced cognitive impairment via the interaction between carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide on Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Vieira MPS, Silva OBS, Souza GF, Cavalcante GTS, Souza FMA, Gitaí DLG, Castro OW, Nicácio DCSP, Cofré AHR, Amorós MA, Silva AV, Neto GJDS, Silva AHQ, Correia WBZGB, Junkes JA, Duarte FS, Guedes JS, Nogueira FCS, Meneghetti MR, Duzzioni M. First evaluation of the anxiolytic-like effects of a bromazepam‑palladium complex in mice. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 237:112012. [PMID: 36162209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A significant fraction of patients are affected by persistent fear and anxiety. Currently, there are several anxiolytic drug options, however their clinical outcomes do not fully manage the symptoms. Here, we evaluated the effects of a bromazepam‑palladium derivative [2-{(7-bromo-2-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-5-il)pyridinyl-κ2-N,N}chloropalladium(II)], [(BMZ)PdCl2], on fear/anxiety and memory-related behavior in mice. For this, female Swiss mice were treated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with saline (NaCl 0.9%) or [(BMZ)PdCl2] (0.5, 5.0, or 50 μg/kg). After 30 min, different tests were performed to evaluate anxiety, locomotion, and memory. We also evaluated the acute toxicity of [(BMZ)PdCl2] using a cell viability assay (neutral red uptake assay), and whether the drugs mechanism of action involves the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor complex by pre-treating animals with flumazenil (1.0 mg/kg, i.p., a competitive antagonist of GABAA-binding site). Our results demonstrate that [(BMZ)PdCl2] induces an anxiolytic-like phenotype in the elevated plus-maze test and that this effect can be blocked by flumazenil. Furthermore, there were no behavioral alterations induced by [(BMZ)PdCl2], as evaluated in the light-dark box, open field, and step-down passive avoidance tests. In the acute toxicity assay, [(BMZ)PdCl2] presented IC50 and LD50 values of 218 ± 60 μg/mL and 780 ± 80 mg/kg, respectively, and GSH category 4. Taken together, our results show that the anxiolytic-like effect of acute treatment with [(BMZ)PdCl2] occurs through the modulation of the benzodiazepine site in the GABAA receptor complex. Moreover, we show indications that [(BMZ)PdCl2] does not promote sedation and amnesia and presents the same toxicity as the bromazepam prototype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella P S Vieira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Ozileudiane B S Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela F Souza
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriela T S Cavalcante
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M A Souza
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Gitaí
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Olagide W Castro
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Dannyele C S P Nicácio
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Axel H R Cofré
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Amorós
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Artur V Silva
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Geraldo José da Silva Neto
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Allysson H Q Silva
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Walleska B Z G B Correia
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil; Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Janaína A Junkes
- Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa, Centro Universitário Tiradentes, Avenida Comendador Gustavo Paiva, 5017, Cruz das Almas, Maceió, Alagoas 57038-000, Brazil
| | - Filipe S Duarte
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50670-420, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S Guedes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Fábio C S Nogueira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Mario R Meneghetti
- Grupo de Catálise e Reatividade Química, Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Duzzioni
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Maceió, Alagoas 57072-900, Brazil.
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9
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Anand A, Khurana N, Ali N, AlAsmari AF, Alharbi M, Waseem M, Sharma N. Ameliorative effect of vanillin on scopolamine-induced dementia-like cognitive impairment in a mouse model. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1005972. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1005972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, which is among the top five causes of death in the United States. It is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes permanent loss of memory and cognition. The current pharmacotherapy for AD is based on providing symptomatic relief only and has many side effects. There is a need for a safer, disease-modifying drug for the treatment of AD.Experimental approachThe PASS online software was used to screen phytoconstituents based on their predicted effects on various AD-related targets. Vanillin was selected as the compound of interest, as it has not been researched elaborately on any animal model of AD. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of vanillin was established in vitro. Thereafter, ameliorative effect of vanillin was evaluated using the exteroceptive memory model in scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment mice model.ResultsVanillin showed an acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in vitro, and the IC50 value was calculated to be 0.033 mM. Vanillin significantly reversed the memory and behavioral deficits caused by scopolamine as demonstrated by significant improvement in memory in negative reinforcement, elevated plus maze, and spatial learning paradigms. Vanillin also proved to have a nootropic effect. Also, vanillin proved to have significantly better antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects in vivo than donepezil hydrochloride. The potential anti-AD activity of vanillin was also confirmed by the reduction in IL-6 levels and TNF-α levels.ConclusionOur results suggest that vanillin is a safe and effective natural drug candidate having a great potential for the treatment of AD. However, more research is required to evaluate its effect on A beta plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles in vivo.
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Keshavarzi M, Moradbeygi F, Mobini K, Ghaffarian Bahraman A, Mohammadi P, Ghaedi A, Mohammadi-Bardbori A. The interplay of aryl hydrocarbon receptor/WNT/CTNNB1/Notch signaling pathways regulate amyloid beta precursor mRNA/protein expression and effected the learning and memory of mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 11:147-161. [PMID: 35237419 PMCID: PMC8882790 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) plays a pathophysiological role in the development of Alzheimer's disease as well as a physiological role in neuronal growth and synaptogenesis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/WNT/Catenin Beta 1 (CTNNB1)/Notch signaling pathways stamp in many functions, including development and growth of neurons. However, the regulatory role of AhR-/WNT-/CTNNB1-/Notch-induced APP expression and its influence on hippocampal-dependent learning and memory deficits is not clear. Male BALB/C mice received 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (an AhR agonist), CH223191(an AhR antagonist), DAPT (an inhibitor of Notch signaling), and XAV-939 (a WNT pathway inhibitor) at a single dose of 100 μg/kg, 1, 5 , and 5 mg/kg of body weight, respectively, via intraperitoneal injection alone or in combination. Gene expression analyses and protein assay were performed on the 7th and 29th days. To assess the hippocampal-dependent memory, all six mice also underwent contextual fear conditioning on the 28th day after treatments. Our results showed that endogenous ligand of AhR has a regulatory effect on APP gene. Also, the interaction of AhR/WNT/CTNNB1 has a positive regulatory effect, but Notch has a negative regulatory effect on the mRNA and protein expression of APP, which have a correlation with mice's learning skills and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Keshavarzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran,Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar 7146864685, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradbeygi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
| | - Keivan Mobini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
| | - Ali Ghaffarian Bahraman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran,Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Parisa Mohammadi
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar 7146864685, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Ghaedi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran
| | - Afshin Mohammadi-Bardbori
- Correspondence address. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7146864685, Iran. Tel.: +98(71)32425374; Fax: +98(71)32424326; E-mail:
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11
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Sun Q, Chen X, Liu W, Li S, Zhou Y, Yang X, Liu J. Effects of long-term low dose saxitoxin exposure on nerve damage in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:17211-17226. [PMID: 34197336 PMCID: PMC8312470 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Saxitoxin (STX), as a type of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), is gaining widespread attention due to its long existence in edible shellfish. However, the mechanism underlying STX chronic exposure-induced effect is not well understood. Here, we evaluated the neurotoxicity effects of long-term low-dose STX exposure on C57/BL mice by behavioral tests, pathology analysis, and hippocampal proteomics analysis. Several behavioral tests showed that mice were in a cognitive deficiency after treated with 0, 0.5, 1.5, or 4.5 μg STX equivalents/kg body weight in the drinking water for 3 months. Compared with control mice, STX-exposed mice exhibited brain neuronal damage characterized by decreasing neuronal cells and thinner pyramidal cell layers in the hippocampal CA1 region. A total of 29 proteins were significantly altered in different STX dose groups. Bioinformatics analysis showed that protein phosphatase 1 (Ppp1c) and arylsulfatase A (Arsa) were involved in the hippo signaling pathway and sphingolipid metabolism pathway. The decreased expression of Arsa indicates that long-term low doses of STX exposure can cause neuronal inhibition, which is a process related to spatial memory impairment. Taken together, our study provides a new understanding of the molecular mechanisms of STX neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenpan Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfen Yang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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12
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Immediate and cumulative effects of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition and neuronal excitability in mice. Neurosci Res 2021; 173:90-98. [PMID: 34111441 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study primarily explored the potential effects of high-frequency (20 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with different intervention protocols on cognition and neuronal excitability in mice. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: a control group that received sham stimulation, an rTMS in vitro group whose acute brain slices received high-frequency stimulation, an rTMS 1 d group that received high-frequency stimulation for only 1 d, and an rTMS 15 d group that received high-frequency stimulation for 15 d. The novel object recognition and step-down tests were used to assess cognitive ability. The patch-clamp technique was used to record the membrane potentials and neural discharges of dentate gyrus granule cells to evaluate neuronal excitability. Results revealed that cognition and neuronal excitability in the rTMS 15 d group were significantly increased than that in the control and rTMS 1 d groups. The neuronal excitability in the rTMS in vitro group was also significantly increased than that in the control and rTMS 1 d groups. No significant changes were observed between the control and rTMS 1 d groups. These results suggested that high-frequency rTMS applied to the acute brain slices of mice in vitro exerted an immediate effect on increasing neuronal excitability. Chronic high-frequency rTMS applied to the brain of mice in vivo exerted a cumulative effect in improving cognition and increasing neuronal excitability.
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13
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Lei Y, Yang M, Li H, Xu R, Liu J. miR‑130b regulates PTEN to activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and attenuate oxidative stress‑induced injury in diabetic encephalopathy. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:141. [PMID: 34080640 PMCID: PMC8175068 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic encephalopathy (DE) is one of the main chronic complications of diabetes, and is characterized by cognitive defects. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are widely involved in the development of diabetes-related complications. The present study evaluated the role of miR-130b in DE and investigated its mechanisms of action. PC12 cells and hippocampal cells were exposed to a high glucose environment to induce cell injuries to mimic the in vitro model of DE. Cells were transfected with miR-130b mimic, miR-130b inhibitor and small interfering RNA (si)-phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) to evaluate the protective effect of the miR-130b/PTEN axis against oxidative stress in high glucose-stimulated cells involving Akt activity. Furthermore, the effect of agomir-130b was also assessed on rats with DE. The expression of miR-130b was reduced in the DE models in vivo and in vitro. The administration of miR-130b mimic increased the viability of high glucose-stimulated cells, prevented apoptosis, increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, activated Akt protein levels and inhibited the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. The administration of miR-130b inhibitor exerted opposite effects, while si-PTEN reversed the effects of miR-130b inhibitor. In vivo, the administration of agomir-130b attenuated cognitive disorders and neuronal damage, increased SOD activity, reduced the MDA content, activated Akt protein levels and inhibited the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway in rats with DE. On the whole, these results suggest that miR-130b activates the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to exert protective effects against oxidative stress injury via the regulation of PTEN in rats with DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Lei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Rongjuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Junbao Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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Saleem U, Hira S, Anwar F, Shah MA, Bashir S, Baty RS, Badr RH, Blundell R, Batiha GES, Ahmad B. Pharmacological Screening of Viola odorata L . for Memory-Enhancing Effect via Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Biomarkers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:664832. [PMID: 34149418 PMCID: PMC8210412 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.664832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. The present study aimed to characterize and then investigate the memory-enhancing potential of Viola odorata methanolic extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–treated mice. Methods:V. odorata characterization was done by using the GCMS technique. Neuroinflammation was induced by the intracerebroventricular administration of LPS at a dose of 12 µg. Animals were divided randomly into six groups (n = 10). Group I was normal control, which was given vehicle. Group II was disease control, which received LPS (12 µg) via the intracerebroventricular route. Group III was standard, which was administered with donepezil (3 µg) orally for 21 days. Groups IV–VI were the treatment groups, which were administered with the extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg dose levels orally respectively for 21 days. Groups III–VI received LPS (12 µg) on the first day along with their treatments. During the treatment, the animals were assessed for memory retention by employing different behavioral paradigms namely elevated plus maze, passive avoidance, foot shock and open field. Various mediators [endogenous antioxidants, neurotransmitters, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE)] involved in the pathogenesis of AD were quantified by using the UV spectrophotometric method. Results: Extract-treated groups showed a remarkable improvement in cognitive impairment in all behavioral paradigms. Oxidative stress biomarkers, that is, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione were raised dose-dependently in the treatment groups with a dose-dependent decrease in the malonaldehyde and AChE levels in the brains of the treated animals. The treatment groups showed decreased levels of inflammatory biomarkers, that is, tumor necrosis factor–alpha, nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated β-cells, and cyclo-oxygenase, which supports the therapeutic effectiveness of the treatment. Conclusion: Based on behavioral, oxidative stress biomarker, and neuroinflammatory data, it is concluded that V. odorata possesses memory-enhancing activity and may prove a beneficial role in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sundas Hira
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samia Bashir
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Roua S Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem H Badr
- Department of Plant Physiology Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alex University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Renald Blundell
- American University of Malta, Triq Dom Mintoff, Bormla, Malta
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Silakari P, Silakari O, Piplani P. Systematic In Silico Design, Synthesis, and Biological Studies of Some Novel 1,4-Benzoquinone Derivatives for the Prospective Management of Cognitive Decline. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1648-1666. [PMID: 33852798 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinesterases are significant biological targets for the regulation of cholinergic neurotransmission, and their inhibitors are being exploited for the management of cognitive decline in various neurological conditions. The 1,4-benzoquinone scaffold possesses antioxidant potential along with AChE inhibition activity in various neurological disorders. To design novel and potent selective 1,4-benzoquinone analogues as cholinesterase inhibitors, a ligand-based drug design strategy was followed to develop a 3D quantitative structure-selectivity relationship (QSSR) model. On the basis of the best fit model, eight novel 1,4-benzoquinone derivatives were designed and synthesized implementing appropriate synthetic procedures and were characterized by various spectral and elemental techniques. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their selective in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory potential at different concentrations using mice brain homogenate as the source of the enzyme. Out of these compounds, the three most selective compounds were further evaluated for behavioral variations using step down passive avoidance and escape learning procedure at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg taking donepezil as the reference drug. Biochemical estimation of the markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase) has also been carried out to determine the role of the synthesized molecules on the scopolamine induced oxidative damage. Compound 2a displayed appreciable selectivity index values as predicted through the 3D-QSSR model. Further, docked complexes of compound 2a with AChE and BChE were subjected to molecular dynamic simulations for a period of 30 ns to study the orientations and stable conformations of the most active molecules in the catalytic domain of these enzymes. The results obtained from the 3D-QSSR analysis, docking, and molecular dynamic studies were found to be appreciable and provided a deep insight into the structural features required for the selectivity of AChE inhibitors over BChE. The outcome of this study may be used as a novel tool to design new highly selective and more potent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragati Silakari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Om Silakari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab 147002, India
| | - Poonam Piplani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Chen C, Liu P, Wang J, Yu H, Zhang Z, Liu J, Chen X, Zhu F, Yang X. Dauricine Attenuates Spatial Memory Impairment and Alzheimer-Like Pathologies by Enhancing Mitochondrial Function in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:624339. [PMID: 33634105 PMCID: PMC7902075 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.624339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by extracellular amyloid plaques composed of β-amyloid (Aβ) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein. No effective therapy is available for this disease. In this study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effects of dauricine (DAU), a benzyl tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, on AD, and found that DAU administration significantly improved cognitive impairments in 3xTg-AD mice by decreasing Aβ plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau and increasing the hippocampal ATP level. Proteomic and western blot analyses revealed that DAU treatment mainly modified the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism, such as Aco2, Ndufs1, Cox5a, and SDHB, and that of synapse-related proteins such as Syn1 and Syn2. Pathway analysis revealed that DAU modulated the tricarboxylic acid cycle, synaptic vesicle cycle, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis in 3xTg-AD mice. Our study suggests that DAU may be a potential drug for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
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The Tetramethylpyrazine Analogue T-006 Alleviates Cognitive Deficits by Inhibition of Tau Expression and Phosphorylation in Transgenic Mice Modeling Alzheimer's Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 71:1456-1466. [PMID: 33403592 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01762-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
T-006, a small-molecule compound derived from tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), has potential for the treatment of neurological diseases. In order to investigate the effect of T-006 prophylactic treatment on an Alzheimer's disease (AD) model and identify the target of T-006, we intragastrically administered T-006 (3 mg/kg) to Alzheimer's disease (AD) transgenic mice (APP/PS1-2xTg and APP/PS1/Tau-3xTg) for 6 and 8 months, respectively. T-006 improved cognitive ability after long-term administration in two AD mouse models and targeted mitochondrial-related protein alpha-F1-ATP synthase (ATP5A). T-006 significantly reduced the expression of phosphorylated-tau, total tau, and APP while increasing the expression of synapse-associated proteins in 3xTg mice. In addition, T-006 modulated the JNK and mTOR-ULK1 pathways to reduce both p-tau and total tau levels. Our data suggested that T-006 mitigated cognitive decline primarily by reducing the p-tau and total tau levels in 3xTg mice, supporting further investigation into its development as a candidate drug for AD treatment.
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Xu GJ, Zhang Q, Li SY, Zhu YT, Yu KW, Wang CJ, Xie HY, Wu Y. Environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment inhibits neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region and ameliorates memory deficits. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1460-1466. [PMID: 33433459 PMCID: PMC8323697 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, no specific treatment exists to promote recovery from cognitive impairment after a stroke. Dysfunction of the actin cytoskeleton correlates well with poststroke cognitive declines, and its reorganization requires proper regulation of Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) proteins. Fasudil downregulates ROCK activation and protects neurons against cytoskeleton collapse in the acute phase after stroke. An enriched environment can reduce poststroke cognitive impairment. However, the efficacy of environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment remains poorly understood. A photothrombotic stroke model was established in 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice. Twenty-four hours after modeling, these animals were intraperitoneally administered fasudil (10 mg/kg) once daily for 14 successive days and/or provided with environmental enrichment for 21 successive days. After exposure to environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment, the number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region increased significantly, the expression and proportion of p-cofilin in the hippocampus decreased, and the distribution of F-actin in the hippocampal CA1 region increased significantly. Furthermore, the performance of mouse stroke models in the tail suspension test and step-through passive avoidance test improved significantly. These findings suggest that environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment can ameliorate memory dysfunction through inhibition of the hippocampal ROCK/cofilin pathway, alteration of the dynamic distribution of F-actin, and inhibition of neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 region. The efficacy of environmental enrichment combined with fasudil treatment was superior to that of fasudil treatment alone. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Fudan University of China (approval No. 2019-Huashan Hospital JS-139) on February 20, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Jing Xu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Yue Li
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Tong Zhu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Wei Yu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan-Jie Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yu Xie
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Tian J, Yang L, Wang P, Yang L, Fan Z. Exogenous CGRP Regulates Apoptosis and Autophagy to Alleviate Traumatic Brain Injury Through Akt/mTOR Signalling Pathway. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2926-2938. [PMID: 33063244 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With millions of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients every year, TBI is regarded as one of the leading causes of human death and disability. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been domenstrated to be a potential therapeutic target for TBI. However, the detailed effect and underlying mechanism of CGRP on the injured brain after TBI has hardly been investigated. In this work, we established TBI models of mice and injected CGRP before and after modelling to study its effects on the brain lesion, neurological functions and behaviours, neuron apoptosis and autophagy after TBI. Impacts of introduced CGRP on the activation of Akt/mTOR signalling in the cortical tissues surrounding injured areas after TBI were also evaluated. It was found that CGRP was reduced after TBI, and gradually restored over time. CGRP administration significantly restored the brain lesion induced by TBI. The permeability of blood-brain barrier and brain edema was increased dramatically after TBI, which was ameliorated by exogenous CGRP. Moreover, several neurological behaviour tests were performed, showing that CGRP introduction also relieved the cognitive abilities of mice which were impaired after TBI. Enhancing apoptosis and autophagy of neurons in the cortical tissues of injury sites following TBI were also alleviated by CGRP administration. Besides, CGRP-treated brain cortical tissues showed increased activation of Akt/mTOR signalling after TBI. Therefore, the results suggest that exogenous CGRP plays a neuroprotective role in the injuryed brain after TBI, to relieve cell apoptosis and autophagy, at least partially through Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. This finding also provides more evidence for the treatment of TBI through introducing exogenous CGRP or its related drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shijiazhuang First Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215, Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Zhenzeng Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215, Heping Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, China.
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Wu R, Zhong S, Ni M, Zhu X, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhang L, Chen J. Effects of Malania oleifera Chun Oil on the Improvement of Learning and Memory Function in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:8617143. [PMID: 33014116 PMCID: PMC7519201 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8617143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fruits of Malania oleifera Chun & S. K. Lee have been highly sought after medically because its seeds have high oil content (>60%), especially the highest known proportion of nervonic acid (>55%). Objective of the Study. The objective was to explore the effects of different doses of Malania oleifera Chun oil (MOC oil) on the learning and memory of mice and to evaluate whether additional DHA algae oil and vitamin E could help MOC oil improve learning and memory and its possible mechanisms. METHODS After 30 days of oral administration of the relevant agents to mice, behavioral tests were conducted as well as detection of oxidative stress parameters (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase) and biochemical indicators (acetylcholine, acetyl cholinesterase, and choline acetyltransferase) in the hippocampus. RESULTS Experimental results demonstrated that MOC oil treatment could markedly improve learning and memory of mouse models in behavioral experiments and increase the activity of GSH-PX in hippocampus and reduce the content of MDA, especially the dose of 46.27 mg/kg. The addition of DHA and VE could better assist MOC oil to improve the learning and memory, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress and restrain the activity of AChE and also increase the content of ACh. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that MOC oil treatment could improve learning and memory impairments. Therefore, we suggest that MOC oil is a potentially important resource for the development of nervonic acid products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaoqi Zhong
- West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmei Ni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuxi Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lishi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyao Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Food Safety and Toxicology, West China School of Public Health and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Food Safety Monitoring and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Jain A, Piplani P. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of triazole-oxadiazole conjugates for the management of cognitive dysfunction. Bioorg Chem 2020; 103:104151. [PMID: 32871346 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase has been a promising target for the development of putative therapeutics against cognitive decline. The deleterious effect of oxidative stress on the learning and memory paradigms of an individual has also been well documented. In view of this, the present study demonstrates the design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of triazole-oxadiazole conjugates. Eighteen novel hybrids (6-23) have been synthesised by employing suitable synthetic procedures and characterized by various spectral and elemental techniques. Further these synthesised compounds were evaluated against behavioural alterations using step down passive avoidance and escape learning protocol at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg with reference to the standard, donepezil. All the synthesised compounds were evaluated for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition at five different concentrations using mice brain homogenate as the source of the enzyme. Biochemical estimation of markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase) has also been carried out to assess the role of synthesised molecules on the oxidative damage induced by scopolamine. The compounds 13, 17 and 23 displayed appreciable activity towards acetylcholinesterase inhibition. These compounds also decreased scopolamine induced oxidative stress, thus serving as promising leads for the amelioration of oxidative stress induced cognitive decline. The molecular docking study performed to predict the binding mode of the compounds also suggested that these compounds bind appreciably to the amino acids present in the active site of the recombinant human acetylcholinesterase (rhAChE). The results indicated that these compounds could be further traversed as inhibitors of AChE and oxidative stress for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Poonam Piplani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Hosseini-Sharifabad A, Rabbani M, Seyed-Yousefi Y, Safavi M. Magnesium Increases the Protective Effect of Citicoline on Aluminum Chloride-induced Cognitive Impairment. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 18:241-248. [PMID: 32329305 PMCID: PMC7242111 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2020.18.2.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Alzheimer's disease is a popular neurodegenerative disorder which is growing in the elderly people. Exposure to environmental pollutant like aluminum could trigger or accelerate its involved mechanisms like tau phosphorylation. The current study will evaluate the effect of alone or co-administration of Citicoline or/and magnesium on the aluminum chloride induced memory impairment. Methods Male albino mice were randomly divided into different groups (n = 7). Memory impairment was induced via orally administration of 300 mg/kg Aluminum Chloride for 28 days. Based on respective group, animals received 100, 250, 500 mg/kg of Citicoline or 50, 100, 150 mg/kg of Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), intraperitoneally. In co-administration, 50 mg/kg of MgSO4 injected concomitantly with 100, 250, or 500 mg/kg of Citicoline. Rivastigmine (2 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was used as a positive control. Memory was evaluated using the Object Recognition Task (ORT) and Passive Avoidance Test (PAT). Results The studied doses of Citicoline or MgSO4 when administered individually showed significant increase in the discrimination index in ORT and latency time in the PAT compared to the Aluminium chloride (AlCl3) treated group. Concomitant injection of 50 mg/kg MgSO4 with the different doses of Citicoline strongly increased the above indices values in comparison to each alone. Conclusion The findings show, individual administration of Citicoline or MgSO4 inverted the AlCl3-induced memory impairment in a dose independent manner. The addition of MgSO4 to the Citicoline showed a synergistic effect in the PAT and likely additive effect in the ORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hosseini-Sharifabad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabbani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Yasaman Seyed-Yousefi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Maryam Safavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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A meta-analysis of gene expression data highlights synaptic dysfunction in the hippocampus of brains with Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8384. [PMID: 32433480 PMCID: PMC7239885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the world population is ageing, dementia is going to be a growing concern. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is extensively studied, yet unknown remains. Therefore, we aimed to extract new knowledge from existing data. We analysed about 2700 upregulated genes and 2200 downregulated genes from three studies on the CA1 of the hippocampus of brains with Alzheimer’s disease. We found that only the calcium signalling pathway enriched by 48 downregulated genes was consistent between all three studies. We predicted miR-129 to target nine out of 48 genes. Then, we validated miR-129 to regulate six out of nine genes in HEK cells. We noticed that four out of six genes play a role in synaptic plasticity. Finally, we confirmed the upregulation of miR-129 in the hippocampus of brains of rats with scopolamine-induced amnesia as a model of Alzheimer’s disease. We suggest that future research should investigate the possible role of miR-129 in synaptic plasticity and Alzheimer’s disease. This paper presents a novel framework to gain insight into potential biomarkers and targets for diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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24
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Safflower Yellow Improves the Synaptic Structural Plasticity by Ameliorating the Disorder of Glutamate Circulation in Aβ 1-42-induced AD Model Rats. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1870-1887. [PMID: 32410043 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03051-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Safflower yellow (SY) is the main effective component of Carthamus tinctorius L., and Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is the single active component with the highest content in SY. SY and HSYA have been shown to have neuroprotective effects in several AD models. In this study, we aimed to clarify whether the effects of SY and HSYA on the learning and memory abilities of Aβ1-42-induced AD model rats are related to the enhancement of synaptic structural plasticity in brain tissues and the amelioration of disorder of glutamate circulation. We used rats injected with Aβ1-42 into the bilateral hippocampus as a model of AD. After treatment with SY and HSYA, the learning and memory abilities of the Aβ1-42-induced AD model rats were enhanced, Aβ deposition in the AD model rats was decreased, structural damage to dendritic spines and the loss of synaptic-associated proteins were alleviated, and the disorder of glutamate circulation was ameliorated. The results indicated that SY and HSYA improve synaptic structural plasticity by ameliorating the disorder of glutamate circulation in Aβ1-42-induced AD model rats.
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Keshavarzi M, Khoshnoud MJ, Ghaffarian Bahraman A, Mohammadi-Bardbori A. An Endogenous Ligand of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]Carbazole (FICZ) Is a Signaling Molecule in Neurogenesis of Adult Hippocampal Neurons. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:806-817. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zhu H, Xu G, Fu L, Li Y, Fu R, Zhao D, Ding C. The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the cognition and neuronal excitability of mice. Electromagn Biol Med 2019; 39:9-19. [DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2019.1696358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Guizhi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingdi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongshuai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
- Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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Zeng J, Meng X, Zhou P, Yin Z, Xie Q, Zou H, Shen N, Ye Z, Tang Y. Interferon-α exacerbates neuropsychiatric phenotypes in lupus-prone mice. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:205. [PMID: 31481114 PMCID: PMC6724270 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythaematosus (NP-SLE) is one of the major manifestations of lupus. However, the mechanisms involved in NP-SLE are still largely unknown. The abnormal activation of the type I IFN signalling pathway is involved in SLE pathogenesis and is linked to NP-SLE, but the effect of IFN-α on NP-SLE encephalopathy has not been systematically studied. Methods An intravenous injection of Adv-IFN-α (10 mice, 10 × 109 vp) was administered to the IFN-α-treated group, and Adv-ctrl (10 mice, 10 × 109 vp) (ViGene Biosciences, China) was administered to the control group. Gene expression was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect antibodies in the serum, and urinary protein levels were measured with a BCA Protein Assay kit. Haematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-light green staining were used for kidney histology. The elevated plus-maze test, novelty-suppressed feeding assay, open-field test, tail suspension test, social dominance tube test, three-chamber social interaction test, step-down passive avoidance test and novelty Y-maze task were used to assess behaviour. Results In this study, we performed a series of behavioural tests to assess the neuropsychiatric phenotypes of IFN-α-treated NZB/NZW F1 mice and found that these mice developed a series of mental disorders such as anxiety-like phenotypes, depression-like phenotypes, deficits in sociability and cognitive impairments, which mimic the neuropsychiatric manifestations of NP-SLE, with a consistent onset and progression. Conclusions Our research verified that IFN-α plays a critical role in NP-SLE and provides a comprehensive NP-SLE mouse model for dissecting the mechanisms of NP-SLE and developing novel therapies for intervention. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-019-1985-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shan Dong Road (c), Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Meng
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shan Dong Road (c), Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shan Dong Road (c), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Yin
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 22 Nong Lin Road, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinglian Xie
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shan Dong Road (c), Shanghai, China. .,Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 22 Nong Lin Road, Shenzhen, China. .,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, 2200 Lane 25 Xietu Road, Shanghai, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai, China. .,Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology (CAGE), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Zhizhong Ye
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 22 Nong Lin Road, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yuanjia Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shan Dong Road (c), Shanghai, China. .,Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 22 Nong Lin Road, Shenzhen, China.
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Nasehi M, Hasanvand S, Khakpai F, Zarrindast MR. The effect of CA1 dopaminergic system on amnesia induced by harmane in mice. Acta Neurol Belg 2019; 119:369-377. [PMID: 29767374 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-018-0926-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of bilateral injections of dopaminergic drugs into the hippocampal CA1 regions (intra-CA1) on harmane-induced amnesia were examined in mice. We used a single-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance task for the assessment of memory acquisition in adult male mice. Our data indicated that pre-training intra-peritoneal (i.p.) administration of harmane (12 mg/kg) impaired memory acquisition. Moreover, intra-CA1 administration of dopamine D1 receptor agonist, SKF38393 (0.25 µg/mouse), dopamine D1 receptor antagonist, SCH23390 (0.25 µg/mouse), dopamine D2 receptor agonist, quinpirole (0.125 and 0.25 µg/mouse) and dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, sulpiride (0.2 and 0.4 µg/mouse) decreased the learning of a single-trial inhibitory avoidance task. Furthermore, pre-training intra-CA1 injection of sub-threshold doses of SKF38393 (0.0625 µg/mouse) or sulpiride (0.1 µg/mouse) increased pre-training harmane (4 and 8 mg/kg, i.p.)-induced amnesia. On the other hand, pre-training intra-CA1 injection of a sub-threshold dose of SCH23390 (0.0625 µg/mouse) reversed amnesia induced by an effective dose of harmane (12 mg/kg; i.p.). In addition, Pre-training intra-CA1 injection of quinpirole (0.0625 µg/mouse) had no effect on memory impairment induced by harmane. These findings indicate the involvement of CA1 dopaminergic system on harmane-induced impairment of memory acquisition.
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Liu M, Yang S, Yang J, Lee Y, Kou J, Wang C. Neuroprotective and Memory-Enhancing Effects of Antioxidant Peptide From Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Protein Hydrolysates. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19865838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides have been reported to possess interesting biological properties. The present study was designed to evaluate neuroprotective and memory-enhancing effects of antioxidant peptide from walnut ( Juglans regia L.) protein hydrolysates. The neuroprotective effect of walnut peptide (WP) against oxidative stress on PC12 cells was evaluated. And zebrafish was used as the model to corroborate the effect. Its effect on learning and memory of mice using the Morris water maze and the step-down passive avoidance tests were performed. Moreover, the acute toxicity of WP was carried out to assess its safety profile. It was found that WP was able to suppress H2O2-induced cell death in PC12 cells. In the zebrafish model, WP had an obvious neuroprotective effect, and the ratio reached 42% at 222 µg/mL. The mechanism study revealed that WP could inhibit the activity of caspases 3/7 and 8, reduce the mRNA expression levels of Bax and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and improve the mRNA expression level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor significantly. Besides, the treatment of mice with WP shortened the escape latency and exhibited much longer target time and more crossing times significantly, compared with untreated control groups in the Morris water maze test. Similarly, the step-down passive avoidance test showed that WP could ameliorate memory impairments. The administrated dose (20.1 g/kg body weight [BW]) did not produce mortality or treatment-related adverse effects with regard to BW, general behavior, or relative organ weights of the tested male and female mice. The current results indicated that WP could exert neuroprotective effect, and attenuated learning and memory impairments. These ameliorating effects of WP may be useful for treatment of memory impairment in Alzheimer’s and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchuan Liu
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Yang
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yita Lee
- R&D Center, Sinphar Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ilan, Republic of China
| | - Junping Kou
- Department of Complex Prescription of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaojih Wang
- R&D Center, Sinphar Tian-Li Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- R&D Center, Sinphar Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ilan, Republic of China
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30
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Khorasani A, Abbasnejad M, Esmaeili-Mahani S. Phytohormone abscisic acid ameliorates cognitive impairments in streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease through PPARβ/δ and PKA signaling. Int J Neurosci 2019; 129:1053-1065. [PMID: 31215291 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1634067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and progressive cognitive decline. Abscisic acid (ABA) is produced in a variety of mammalian tissues, including brain. It has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and elicits a positive effect on spatial learning and memory performance. Here, the possible protective effect of ABA was evaluated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced AD rat model which were injected intracerebroventriculary (i.c.v.) with STZ (3 mg/kg). Material and Methods: The STZ-treated animals received ABA (10 μg/rat, i.c.v.), ABA plus PPARβ/δ receptor antagonist (GSK0660, 80 nM/rat) or ABA plus selective inhibitor of PKA (KT5720, 0.5 μg/rat) for 14 d. Learning and memory were determined using Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests. Results: The data showed that STZ produced a significant learning and memory deficit in both MWM and PA tests. ABA significantly prevented the learning and memory impairment in STZ-treated rats. However, ABA effects were blocked by GSK0660 and KT5720. Conclusion: The data indicated that ABA attenuates STZ-induced learning and memory impairment and PPAR-β/δ receptors and PKA signaling are involved, at least in part, in the ABA mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khorasani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman , Iran.,Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center (KNRC), Institute of neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman , Iran.,Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center (KNRC), Institute of neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman , Iran.,Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Kerman Neuroscience Research Center (KNRC), Institute of neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
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31
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Coeloglossum viride var. bracteatum extract improves learning and memory of chemically-induced aging mice through upregulating neurotrophins BDNF and FGF2 and sequestering neuroinflammation. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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32
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Fronza MG, Baldinotti R, Martins MC, Goldani B, Dalberto BT, Kremer FS, Begnini K, Pinto LDS, Lenardão EJ, Seixas FK, Collares T, Alves D, Savegnago L. Rational design, cognition and neuropathology evaluation of QTC-4-MeOBnE in a streptozotocin-induced mouse model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7276. [PMID: 31086208 PMCID: PMC6513848 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43532-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial pathology characterized by amyloid deposits, neurofibrillary formation, oxidative stress and cholinergic system dysfunction. In this sense, here we report the rational design of a multi-target directed ligand (MTDL) for AD based on virtual screening and bioinformatic analyses, exploring the molecular targets β-secretase (BACE-1), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). After this screening, the compound with higher molecular docking affinity was selected, the 1-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4 carboxamide(QTC-4-MeOBnE). To further our studies, the protective effect of QTC-4-MeOBnE (0.1 and 1 mg/kg for 20 days) on STZ-induced sporadic AD mice was determined. QTC-4-MeOBnE pretreatment attenuated cognitive and memory deficit induced by STZ in an object recognition test, Y-maze, social recognition test and step-down passive avoidance. The mechanisms underlying this action might be attributed to the reduction of lipid peroxidation and reactive species formation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of mice submitted to STZ. In addition, QTC-4-MeOBnE pretreatment abolished the up-regulation of AChE activity and the overexpression of GSK 3β and genes involved in amyloid cascade such as BACE-1, protein precursor amyloid, у-secretase, induced by STZ. Moreover, toxicological parameters were not modified by QTC-4-MeOBnE chronic treatment. This evidence suggests that QTC-4-MeOBnE exerts its therapeutic effect through multiple pathways involved in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Fronza
- Research Group on Neurobiotechnology - GPN, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Baldinotti
- Research Group on Neurobiotechnology - GPN, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Clara Martins
- Research Group on Neurobiotechnology - GPN, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Goldani
- Laboratory of Clean Organic Synthesis - LASOL, CCQFA, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Bianca Thaís Dalberto
- Laboratory of Clean Organic Synthesis - LASOL, CCQFA, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Frederico Schmitt Kremer
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Proteomics - BIOPRO-LAB, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Begnini
- Oncology Research Group - GPO, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano da Silva Pinto
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Proteomics - BIOPRO-LAB, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Eder João Lenardão
- Laboratory of Clean Organic Synthesis - LASOL, CCQFA, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiana K Seixas
- Oncology Research Group - GPO, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Collares
- Oncology Research Group - GPO, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Diego Alves
- Laboratory of Clean Organic Synthesis - LASOL, CCQFA, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- Research Group on Neurobiotechnology - GPN, CDTec, Federal University of Pelotas, UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
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33
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Aykac A, Ozbeyli D, Uncu M, Ertaş B, Kılınc O, Şen A, Orun O, Sener G. Evaluation of the protective effect of Myrtus communis in scopolamine-induced Alzheimer model through cholinergic receptors. Gene 2018; 689:194-201. [PMID: 30553998 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder causing common health problem with increasing age. Evidences show that the key symptoms of AD are mainly caused by cholinergic system dysfunction which has a role in cognitive disorders. Cholinergic pathways especially muscarinic receptors like M1 subtype also have a major role in learning, memory, cognitive functions and emotional state. There is no available permanent treatment currently to cure AD or to change its progression. This study was designed to investigate the factors that play important role in pathogenesis of AD and to compare the effects of Galantamine treatment with effects of Myrtus communis treatment. The expression level of M1, ACh, BDNF; AChE activity, GSH level, MDA and MPO activity and AChE gene expression were investigated in scopolamine-induced rat model. Results showed that, administration of MC significantly improves the SCOP-induced reduction of latency and object recognition time; increasing BDNF, M1 and ACh receptor expression levels in the different brain regions. Additionally, MC showed an increased in AChE by enhancing GSH activity and reducing MDA level and MPO activity. In conclusion MC considered as a possible novel therapeutic approach that can be a valuable alternative way in the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Aykac
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
| | - Dilek Ozbeyli
- Vocational School of Health Services, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Uncu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Dr. Burhan Nalbantoglu State Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Büşra Ertaş
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olca Kılınc
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Şen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oya Orun
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Goksel Sener
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhou X, Xiao W, Su Z, Cheng J, Zheng C, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Wang L, Xu B, Li S, Yang X, Pui Man Hoi M. Hippocampal Proteomic Alteration in Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease and Implication of PINK 1 Regulation in Donepezil Treatment. J Proteome Res 2018; 18:1542-1552. [PMID: 30484658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Donepezil is a clinically approved acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) for cognitive improvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Donepezil has been used as a first-line agent for the symptomatic treatment of AD, but its ability to modify disease pathology and underlying mechanisms is not clear. We investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of donepezil in AD-related triple transgenic (APPSwe/PSEN1M146V/MAPTP301L) mouse model (3×Tg-AD). Mice (8-month old) were treated with donepezil (1.3 mg/kg) for 4 months and evaluated by behavioral tests for assessment of cognitive functions, and the hippocampal tissues were examined by protein analysis and quantitative proteomics. Behavioral tests showed that donepezil significantly improved the cognitive capabilities of 3×Tg-AD mice. The levels of soluble and insoluble amyloid beta proteins (Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42) and senile plaques were reduced in the hippocampus. Golgi staining of the hippocampus showed that donepezil prevented dendritic spine loss in hippocampal neurons of 3×Tg-AD mice. Proteomic studies of the hippocampal tissues identified 3131 proteins with altered expression related to AD pathology, of which 262 could be significantly reversed with donepezil treatment. Bioinformatics with functional analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network mapping showed that donepezil significantly elevated the protein levels of PINK 1, NFASC, MYLK2, and NRAS in the hippocampus, and modulated the biological pathways of axon guidance, mitophagy, mTOR, and MAPK signaling. The substantial upregulation of PINK 1 with donepezil was further verified by Western blotting. Donepezil exhibited neuroprotective effects via multiple mechanisms. In particular, PINK 1 is related to mitophagy and cellular protection from mitochondrial dysfunction, which might play important roles in AD pathogenesis and represent a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macau 99078 , China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Letters & Science , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Zhiyang Su
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jinan University College of Pharmacy , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Jiehong Cheng
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jinan University College of Pharmacy , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Chengyou Zheng
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jinan University College of Pharmacy , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jinan University College of Pharmacy , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Jinan University College of Pharmacy , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510000 , China
| | - Benhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen , Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Shupen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen , Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Maggie Pui Man Hoi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macau 99078 , China
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35
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Kulshreshtha A, Piplani P. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of carboxamide and carbothioamide derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazole as the inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and oxipiperazine)ative stress for the management of cognitive debility. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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An inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase ameliorates diabetes-induced learning and memory impairment in rats. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 136:84-89. [PMID: 29751149 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacological inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) enhances the synaptic function in the CNS and has a protective role in cognitive decline. We hypothesized that the sEH inhibitor TPPU might prevent the diabetes-induced decline in learning and memory which is associated with an alteration in the level of neurotransmitters and oxidative stress. METHODS Type 1 diabetes was induced in rats and the animals were treated with TPPU for 8 weeks. The learning and memory functions were assessed by the Barnes maze and a step-down test. Indicators of oxidative stress, levels of neurotransmitters, and activity of acetylcholinesterase were measured in the discrete regions of the brain. RESULTS Our results revealed that treatment with TPPU significantly improves learning and memory performance in diabetic rats along with decreasing the level of blood sugar. Moreover, treatment with TPPU significantly prevented the diabetes-induced alteration in levels of neurotransmitters, the activity of acetylcholinesterase and preserved anti-oxidant defence system. CONCLUSION Inhibition of the sEH alleviates diabetes-induced decline in learning and memory.
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37
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Wu X, Li D, Liu J, Diao L, Ling S, Li Y, Gao J, Fan Q, Sun W, Li Q, Zhao D, Zhong G, Cao D, Liu M, Wang J, Zhao S, Liu Y, Bai G, Shi H, Xu Z, Wang J, Xue C, Jin X, Yuan X, Li H, Liu C, Sun H, Li J, Li Y, Li Y. Dammarane Sapogenins Ameliorates Neurocognitive Functional Impairment Induced by Simulated Long-Duration Spaceflight. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:315. [PMID: 28611667 PMCID: PMC5446991 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates the occurrence of cognitive impairment in astronauts under spaceflight compound conditions, but the underlying mechanisms and countermeasures need to be explored. In this study, we found that learning and memory abilities were significantly reduced in rats under a simulated long-duration spaceflight environment (SLSE), which includes microgravity, isolation confinement, noises, and altered circadian rhythms. Dammarane sapogenins (DS), alkaline hydrolyzed products of ginsenosides, can enhance cognition function by regulating brain neurotransmitter levels and inhibiting SLSE-induced neuronal injury. Bioinformatics combined with experimental verification identified that the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway was inhibited and the MAPK pathway was activated during SLSE-induced cognition dysfunction, whereas DS substantially ameliorated the changes in brain. These findings defined the characteristics of SLSE-induced cognitive decline and the mechanisms by which DS improves it. The results provide an effective candidate for improving cognitive function in spaceflight missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorui Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing Proteome Research CenterBeijing, China
| | - Junlian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Lihong Diao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing Proteome Research CenterBeijing, China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Jianyi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Quanchun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Weijia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Dingsheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Guohui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Dengchao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Jiaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Guie Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Hongzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Zi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Chunmei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Xinxin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Huiyuan Sun
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Yongzhi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an, China.,State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Applications, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China
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38
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Nasehi M, Ghadimi F, Khakpai F, Zarrindast MR. Interaction between harmane, a class of β-carboline alkaloids, and the CA1 serotonergic system in modulation of memory acquisition. Neurosci Res 2017; 122:17-24. [PMID: 28380327 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study set to assess the involvement of dorsal hippocampus (CA1) serotonergic system on harmane induced memory acquisition deficit. We used one trial step-down inhibitory avoidancetask to evaluate memory retention and then, open field test to evaluate locomotor activity in adult male NMRI mice. The results showed that pre-training intra-peritoneal (i.p.) administration of harmane (12mg/kg) induced impairment of memory acquisition. Pre-training intra-CA1 administration of 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist (CP94253; 0.5 and 5ng/mouse) and 5-HT2A/2B/2C receptor agonist (α-methyl 5-HT; 50ng/mouse) impaired memory acquisition. Furthermore, intra-CA1 administration of 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist (GR127935; 0.5ng/mouse) and 5-HT2 receptor antagonist (cinancerine; 5ng/mouse) improved memory acquisition. In addition, pre-training intra-CA1 injection of sub-threshold dose of CP94253 (0.05ng/mouse) and α-methyl 5-HT (5ng/mouse) potentiated impairment of memory acquisition induced by harmane (12mg/kg, i.p.). On the other hand, pre-training intra-CA1 infusion of sub-threshold dose of GR127935 (0.05ng/mouse) and cinancerine (0.5ng/mouse) with the administration of harmane (12mg/kg, i.p.) weakened impairment of memory acquisition. Moreover, all above doses of drugs did not change locomotor activity. The present findings suggest that there is an interaction between harmane and the CA1 serotonergic system in modulation of memory acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ghadimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Kharazmi (TarbiatMoalem) University Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khakpai
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran; University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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39
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Guo H, Cheng Y, Wang C, Wu J, Zou Z, Niu B, Yu H, Wang H, Xu J. FFPM, a PDE4 inhibitor, reverses learning and memory deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice via cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling and anti-inflammatory effects. Neuropharmacology 2017; 116:260-269. [PMID: 28065587 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thus far, phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors have not been approved for application in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a clinical setting due to severe side effects, such as nausea and vomiting. In this study, we investigated the effect of FFPM, a novel PDE4 inhibitor, on learning and memory abilities, as well as the underlying mechanism in the APP/PS1 mouse model of AD. Pharmacokinetic studies have revealed that FFPM efficiently permeates into the brain, and reached peak values in plasma 2 h after orally dosing. A 3-week treatment with FFPM, at doses of 0.25 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, significantly improved the learning and memory abilities of APP/PS1 transgenic mice in the Morris water maze and the Step-down passive avoidance task. Interestingly, we found that while rolipram (0.5 mg/kg) reduced the duration of the α2 adrenergic receptor-mediated anesthesia induced by xylazine/ketamine, FFPM (0.5 mg/kg) or the vehicle did not have an evident effect. FFPM increased the cAMP, PKA and CREB phosphorylation and BDNF levels, and reduced the NF-κB p65, iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the hippocampi of APP/PS1 trangenic mice, as observed by ELISA and Western blot analysis. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the reversal effect of FFPM on cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice might be related to stimulation of the cAMP/PKA/CREB/BDNF pathway and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, FFPM appears to have potential as an effective PDE4 inhibitor in AD treatment with little emetic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibiao Guo
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Modern Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yufang Cheng
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Canmao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Jingang Wu
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhengqiang Zou
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bo Niu
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Neuropharmacology and Drug Discovery Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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40
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Uddin MS, Mamun AA, Hossain MS, Akter F, Iqbal MA, Asaduzzaman M. Exploring the Effect of Phyllanthus emblica L. on Cognitive Performance, Brain Antioxidant Markers and Acetylcholinesterase Activity in Rats: Promising Natural Gift for the Mitigation of Alzheimer's Disease. Ann Neurosci 2016; 23:218-229. [PMID: 27780989 PMCID: PMC5075744 DOI: 10.1159/000449482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in the progressive degeneration of nerve cells, which affect the cognitive activity. Currently, as a result of multiple studies linking Alzheimer's disease (AD) to oxidative damage, the uses of natural antioxidant to prevent, delay, or enhance the pathological changes underlying the progression of AD has received considerable attention. Therefore, this study was aimed at examining the effect of ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus emblica (EEPE) ripe (EEPEr) and EEPE unripe (EEPEu) fruits on cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rat. The effects of EEPEr and EEPEu fruits (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) were examined in Swiss albino male rats for 12 days and its effect on cognitive functions, brain antioxidant enzymes, and AChE activity determined. Learning and memory enhancing activity of EEPE fruit was examined by using passive avoidance test and rewarded alternation test. Antioxidant potentiality was evaluated by measuring the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase, and the contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in entire brain tissue homogenates. AChE activity was determined using colorimetric method. Administration of the highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit significantly (p < 0.01) and both lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit markedly (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) increased step-through latency in rats on 6th, 11th, and 12th day with respect to the control group. For aforementioned doses, the percentage of memory retention (MR) was considerably (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) increased in rats on 10th, 11th, and 12th days with respect to the control group. The extract, particularly highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit markedly (p < 0.05) and lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit significantly (p < 0.01) increased the correct responses in rats on 6th, and 12th day related to the control group. In case of this test, the percentage of MR was significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01) increased in rats treated with aforementioned doses on 12th day with respect to the control group. The highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit suggestively (p < 0.05) and both lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit suggestively (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, p < 0.001) increased the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, GSH-Px and expressively (p < 0.01) decreased the TBARS level compared to the control group. Treatment with the highest dose (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEr fruit significantly (p < 0.05) and both lowest and highest doses (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) of EEPEu fruit markedly (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) decreased the level of AChE activity compared to that of the control group. The present study shows that EEPE fruit possesses an excellent source for natural cognitive enhancer which could be developed in the treatment of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Sarwar Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Asaduzzaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Sasaki T, Li W, Ohmoto T, Koike K. Evaluation of canthinone alkaloids as cerebral protective agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4992-4995. [PMID: 27623547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Considerable attention has been paid to cerebral protective drugs as a potential therapy for dementia. Screening of a natural compound library here resulted in identification of five canthinone alkaloids, viz., picrasidine L (1), picrasidine O (2), eurycomine E (3), 3-ethyl-canthin-5,6-dione (4), and 3-ethyl-4-methoxy-canthin-5,6-dione (5), as novel cerebral protective agents. The structure-activity relationship indicated that C-4, C-9, and N-3 substitutions greatly affected their cerebral protective effect. Among these, compound 2 exhibited a cerebral protective effect through suppressing neuronal hyperexcitability due to an increase in the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamic acid. Furthermore, compound 2 did not affect heart rate and mean systolic blood pressure. This investigation suggests that compound 2 has potential for further development as a cerebral protective drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsunori Sasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Taichi Ohmoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Koike
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
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Mostafa DK, El Azhary NM, Nasra RA. The hydrogen sulfide releasing compounds ATB-346 and diallyl trisulfide attenuate streptozotocin-induced cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in rats: involvement of asymmetric dimethylarginine. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:699-708. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has attracted interest as a gaseous mediator involved in diverse processes in the nervous system, particularly with respect to learning and memory. However, its therapeutic potential in Alzheimer disease (AD) is not fully explored. Therefore, the effects of H2S-releasing compounds against AD-like behavioural and biochemical abnormalities were investigated. Memory deficit was induced by intracerberoventicular injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 3 mg·kg−1). Animals were randomly assigned into 5 groups (12 rats each): normal control, STZ treated, and 3 drug-treated groups receiving naproxen, H2S-releasing naproxen (ATB-346), and diallyl trisulfide in 20, 32, 40 mg·kg−1·day−1, respectively. Memory function was assessed by passive avoidance and T-maze tasks. After 21 days, hippocampal IL-6, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione (GSH), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and acetylcholinestrase activity were determined. ATB-346 and diallyl trisulfide ameliorated behavioural performance and reduced malondialdehyde, ADMA, and acetylcholinestrase activity while increasing GSH. This study demonstrates the beneficial effects of H2S release in STZ-induced memory impairment by modulation of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and cholinergic function. It also delineates the implication of ADMA to the cognitive impairment induced by STZ. These findings draw the attention to H2S-releasing compounds as new candidates for treating neurodegenerative disorders that have prominent oxidative and inflammatory components such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia K. Mostafa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nesrine M. El Azhary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Nasra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Uddin MS, Mamun AA, Iqbal MA, Islam A, Hossain MF, Khanum S, Rashid M. Analyzing Nootropic Effect of <i>Phyllanthus reticulatus</i> Poir. on Cognitive Functions, Brain Antioxidant Enzymes and Acetylcholinesterase Activity against Aluminium-Induced Alzheimer’s Model in Rats: Applicable for Controlling the Risk Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/aad.2016.53007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gomez R, Schneider R, Quinteros D, Santos CF, Bandiera S, Thiesen FV, Coitinho AS, Fernandes MDC, Wieczorek MG. Effect of Alcohol and Tobacco Smoke on Long-Term Memory and Cell Proliferation in the Hippocampus of Rats. Nicotine Tob Res 2015; 17:1442-8. [PMID: 25744965 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol is frequently used in combination with tobacco and few studies explore interactions between these two drugs of abuse. Here, we evaluated the effect of chronic alcohol administration and concomitant exposure to tobacco smoke on long-term memory and on cell proliferation in the hippocampus of rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups and treated with alcohol (2g/kg by gavage) and/or exposed to tobacco smoke (from six cigarettes, by inhalation) twice a day (at 9:00 AM and 2:00 PM) for 30 days. Long-term memory was evaluated in the inhibitory avoidance test and hippocampal cell proliferation was analyzed for bromodeoxyuridine immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Our results showed that alcohol, tobacco smoke, or their combination improved the long-term memory evaluated by the memory index in rats. Moreover, alcohol and tobacco coadministration decreased bromodeoxyuridine-labeled cells by 60% when compared to the control group, while alcohol treatment decreased labeled cells by 40%. The tobacco group showed a nonsignificant 26% decrease in labeled cells compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS Chronic alcohol and tobacco coadministration improves the long-term memory in rats in the inhibitory avoidance test. However, coadministration decreases the cell proliferation in the hippocampus of rats, suggesting a deleterious effect by the combined use of these drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Gomez
- Laboratório de Álcool e Tabaco, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil;
| | - Ricardo Schneider
- Laboratório de Álcool e Tabaco, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Neurociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Dayane Quinteros
- Laboratório de Álcool e Tabaco, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Carolina Ferreira Santos
- Laboratório de Álcool e Tabaco, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Solange Bandiera
- Laboratório de Álcool e Tabaco, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Flavia Valadão Thiesen
- Departamento de Toxicologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Adriana Simon Coitinho
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- Laboratório de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Marina Godinho Wieczorek
- Laboratório de Álcool e Tabaco, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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Singh P, Singh D, Goel RK. Ficus religiosa L. figs--a potential herbal adjuvant to phenytoin for improved management of epilepsy and associated behavioral comorbidities. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 41:171-8. [PMID: 25461211 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, together with mitochondrial dysfunction, has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of epileptogenesis and its associated comorbidities. Phytoflavonoids have shown numerous beneficial ameliorative effects on different neurological disorders by virtue of their antioxidant effect. The present study investigated the effect of flavonoid-rich ethyl acetate fraction of the crude fig extract of Ficus religiosa in combination with phenytoin on seizure severity, depressive behavior, and cognitive deficit in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled mice. The flavonoid-rich ethyl acetate fraction of the crude fig extract was found to show significant antioxidant potential in various in vitro free radical scavenging assays. Combined treatment of this fraction (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; i.p.) along with a subeffective dose of phenytoin (15 mg/kg; i.p.) in postkindled animals once daily for fifteen days showed a dose-dependent decrease in the seizure severity score, a decreased number of mistakes, increased step-down latency in passive shock avoidance paradigm, and decreased immobility time in the tail suspension test in comparison with the phenytoin only-treated group. Biochemical investigations of the brain tissue showed amelioration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, and reduced catalase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, thereby indicating suppression of oxidative stress. In conclusion, the results of the present study showed the protective effect of the flavonoid-rich fraction of F. religiosa along with a subeffective dose of phenytoin in PTZ-kindling-associated cognitive deficit and depressive behavior with complete suppression of seizures through reduction of oxidative stress, supporting the the need for clinical evaluation of the supplementation of phytoflavonoids along with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for management of epilepsy and its psychiatric and cognitive comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramdeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Damanpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India.
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Yu SY, Zhang M, Luo J, Zhang L, Shao Y, Li G. Curcumin ameliorates memory deficits via neuronal nitric oxide synthase in aged mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 45:47-53. [PMID: 23665290 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A number of neuroprotective effects of curcumin have been demonstrated in recent years. However, whether curcumin exerts any beneficial effects on age-related impaired cognition and memory has not been well characterized; nor was there any detailed data on the molecular pathways activated by curcumin. The present study attempts to investigate the effects of curcumin on memory decline of aged mice with a focus upon the possible contribution of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway in the memory amelioration effect of curcumin. The results showed that chronic administration of curcumin (50mg/kg, i.p., 21 days) significantly ameliorated the memory acquisition ability of aged male mice in the novel object recognition and passive avoidance tasks. Immunoblotting revealed that chronic treatment of curcumin increased nNOS expression in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus, as well as the enhancement of nNOS activity and NO concentration. This enhancement was suppressed by pre-treatment with 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), a specific inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Furthermore, inhibition of nNOS synthase by 7-NI also prevented the memory improvement effects of curcumin in aged mice. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that the amelioration of memory deficits by curcumin in aged mice was mediated, at least in part, by activating the nNOS activity in specific brain regions. These findings reveal the therapeutic potential of curcumin as a preventive agent upon the deterioration of cognitive faculties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yan Yu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China
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Yu SY, Gao R, Zhang L, Luo J, Jiang H, Wang S. Curcumin ameliorates ethanol-induced memory deficits and enhanced brain nitric oxide synthase activity in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 44:210-6. [PMID: 23500667 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol consumption has well-known deleterious effects on memory. However, the mechanism by which ethanol exerts its effects on memory has received little attention, which has retarded the identification and development of effective therapeutic strategies against ethanol toxicity. The aim of this study was to explore the neuronal mechanisms underlying the protective action of curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound of Curcuma longa, against ethanol-induced memory deficits. Adult mice were pretreated with curcumin (40 mg/kg, i.p.) before administration of ethanol (1 g/kg, i.p.) for the memory acquisition measurement, or were sacrificed 30 min later for evaluation of regional brain differences in the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and nitric oxide (NO) concentration. The results showed that pretreatment with curcumin significantly ameliorated the memory deficits resulting from acute ethanol administration to mice in the novel object recognition and inhibitory avoidance tasks. Furthermore, acute ethanol treatment increased the NOS activity and NO production in brain regions associated with memory including prefrontal cortex (PFC), amygdala and hippocampus, while this enhancement was suppressed by pretreatment with curcumin. Taken together, these results suggest that the protective effects of curcumin on acute ethanol-induced memory deficits are mediated, at least in part, by suppressing NOS activity in the brain of mice. Thus, manipulation of the NOS/NO signaling pathway might be beneficial for the prevention of ethanol toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yan Yu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University, School of Medicine, Wenhuaxilu Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, PR China.
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Effect of harmane, an endogenous β-carboline, on learning and memory in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2013; 103:666-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bortolatto CF, Guerra Souza AC, Wilhelm EA, Nogueira CW. Acute treatment with bis selenide, an organic compound containing the trace element selenium, prevents memory deficits induced by reserpine in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 151:92-9. [PMID: 23132249 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Taking into account the promising pharmacological actions of (Z)-2,3-bis(4-chlorophenylselanyl) prop-2-en-1-ol) (bis selenide), an organic compound containing the trace element selenium, and the constant search for drugs that improve the cognitive performance, the objective of the present study was to investigate whether bis selenide treatment ameliorates memory deficits induced by reserpine in rats. For this aim, male adult rats received a single subcutaneous injection of reserpine (1 mg/kg), a biogenic amine-depleting agent used to induce memory deficit. After 24 h, bis selenide at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg was administered to rats by intragastric route, and 1 h later, the animals were submitted to behavior tasks. The effects of acute administration of bis selenide on memory were evaluated by social recognition, step-down passive avoidance, and object recognition paradigms. Exploratory and locomotor activities of rats were determined using the open-field test. Analysis of data revealed that the social memory disruption caused by reserpine was reversed by bis selenide at both doses. In addition, bis selenide, at the highest dose, prevented the memory deficit resulting from reserpine administration to rats in step-down passive avoidance and object recognition tasks. No significant alterations in locomotor and exploratory behaviors were found in animals treated with reserpine and/or bis selenide. Results obtained from distinct memory behavioral paradigms revealed that an acute treatment with bis selenide attenuated memory deficits induced by reserpine in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiani Folharini Bortolatto
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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