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Holanda VAD, Oliveira MC, de Oliveira Torres CI, de Almeida Moura C, Belchior H, da Silva Junior ED, Gavioli EC. The alpha 1A antagonist tamsulosin impairs memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval in a novel object recognition task in mice. Behav Brain Res 2024; 469:115027. [PMID: 38697302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Tamsulosin is an α1-adrenoceptor antagonist used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. This drug exhibits high affinity for α1A- and α1D-adrenoceptor subtypes, which are also expressed in the brain. While dementia symptoms have been reported after administration of tamsulosin in humans, studies on its effects on the rodent brain are still rare. The present study investigated the effects of tamsulosin (and biperiden, an amnesic drug) on cognitive performance in the object recognition task (ORT). Tamsulosin (0.001-0.01 mg/kg) was orally administrated in mice at three distinct time points: pre-training, post-training and pre-test session. Tamsulosin 0.01 mg/kg impaired object recognition regardless of when it was injected, whereas at lower doses did not affect mouse performance in the ORT. Biperiden also impaired acquisition and consolidation of object recognition in mice. Furthermore, the effects of tamsulosin on locomotion, motivation and anxiety were excluded as potential confounding factors. At all doses tested, tamsulosin did not alter distance moved, time spent exploring objects in the ORT, and anxiety-related behaviors in the elevated plus-maze test. By contrast, diazepam evoked a significant reduction of anxiety-like behaviours. In conclusion, tamsulosin impaired memory acquisition, consolidation and retrieval in an object recognition task in mice, thus affecting memory performance in a non-specific phase manner. These findings contribute to our understanding of the potential adverse effects of tamsulosin, and shed light on the role played by α1-adrenoceptors, particularly α1A- subtype, in cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A D Holanda
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Matheus C Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Carina I de Oliveira Torres
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Clarissa de Almeida Moura
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Hindiael Belchior
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Edilson D da Silva Junior
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Elaine C Gavioli
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal 59078-900, Brazil.
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Antonucci S, Caron G, Dikwella N, Krishnamurty SS, Harster A, Zarrin H, Tahanis A, Heuvel FO, Danner SM, Ludolph A, Grycz K, Baczyk M, Zytnicki D, Roselli F. Non-canonical adrenergic neuromodulation of motoneuron intrinsic excitability through β-receptors in wild-type and ALS mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.25.586570. [PMID: 38585891 PMCID: PMC10996613 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.25.586570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Altered neuronal excitability and synaptic inputs to motoneurons are part of the pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The cAMP/PKA pathway regulates both of them but therapeutic interventions at this level are limited by the lack of knowledge about suitable pharmacological entry points. Here we used transcriptomics on microdissected and in situ motoneurons to reveal the modulation of PKA-coupled receptorome in SOD1(G93A) ALS mice, vs WT, demonstrating the dysregulation of multiple PKA-coupled GPCRs, in particular on vulnerable MNs, and the relative sparing of β-adrenergic receptors. In vivo MN electrophysiology showed that β2/β3 agonists acutely increase excitability, in particular the input/output relationship, demonstrating a non-canonical adrenergic neuromodulation mediated by β2/β3 receptors both in WT and SOD1 mice. The excitability increase corresponds to the upregulation of immediate-early gene expression and dysregulation of ion channels transcriptome. However the β2/β3 neuromodulation is submitted to a strong homeostasis, since a ten days delivery of β2/β3 agonists results in an abolition of the excitability increase. The homeostatic response is largely caused by a substantial downregulation of PKA-coupled GPCRs in MNs from WT and SOD1 mice. Thus, β-adrenergic receptors are physiologically involved in the regulation of MN excitability and transcriptomics, but, intriguingly, a strong homeostatic response is triggered upon chronic pharmacologic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillaume Caron
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Anthony Harster
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Simon M. Danner
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Albert Ludolph
- Dept. of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, DE
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Ulm, DE
| | - Kamil Grycz
- Dept. of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Marcin Baczyk
- Dept. of Neurobiology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Daniel Zytnicki
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Paris, France
| | - Francesco Roselli
- Dept. of Neurology, Ulm University, Ulm, DE
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)-Ulm, DE
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De la Corte-Rodriguez H, Roman-Belmonte JM, Resino-Luis C, Madrid-Gonzalez J, Rodriguez-Merchan EC. The Role of Physical Exercise in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Best Medicine-A Narrative Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:242. [PMID: 38255129 PMCID: PMC10815384 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide a narrative review of the effects of physical exercise in the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain and can aggravate it. For the management of musculoskeletal pain, physical exercise is an effective, cheap, and safe therapeutic option, given that it does not produce the adverse effects of pharmacological treatments or invasive techniques. In addition to its analgesic capacity, physical exercise has an effect on other pain-related areas, such as sleep quality, activities of daily living, quality of life, physical function, and emotion. In general, even during periods of acute pain, maintaining a minimum level of physical activity can be beneficial. Programs that combine several of the various exercise modalities (aerobic, strengthening, flexibility, and balance), known as multicomponent exercise, can be more effective and better adapted to clinical conditions. For chronic pain, the greatest benefits typically occur with programs performed at light-to-moderate intensity and at a frequency of two to three times per week for at least 4 weeks. Exercise programs should be tailored to the specific needs of each patient based on clinical guidelines and World Health Organization recommendations. Given that adherence to physical exercise is a major problem, it is important to empower patients and facilitate lifestyle change. There is strong evidence of the analgesic effect of physical exercise in multiple pathologies, such as in osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hortensia De la Corte-Rodriguez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Roman-Belmonte
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cruz Roja San José y Santa Adela University Hospital, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.R.-B.); (C.R.-L.)
- Medical School, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio (UAX), 28691 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Resino-Luis
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cruz Roja San José y Santa Adela University Hospital, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (J.M.R.-B.); (C.R.-L.)
| | - Jorge Madrid-Gonzalez
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emerito Carlos Rodriguez-Merchan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Osteoarticular Surgery Research, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research—IdiPAZ (La Paz University Hospital—Autonomous University of Madrid), 28046 Madrid, Spain
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Zhou H, Wang K, Xu Z, Liu D, Wang Y, Guo M. Chronic unpredictable stress induces depression/anxiety-related behaviors and alterations of hippocampal monoamine receptor mRNA expression in female mice at different ages. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18369. [PMID: 37539192 PMCID: PMC10393760 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most common mental health disorders. Though they affect people at any age and occur more often in females, the pathophysiological changes under these conditions are less investigated. In the present study, we examined the effects of age and stress on depression- and anxiety-related behaviors in female mice. Saccharin preference and the open field test were carried out before and after chronic unpredictable stress in 4-, 14- and 25-month-old female mice. After behavioral tests, mRNA levels of monoamine receptors in the hippocampus were measured by real-time RT-PCR. Chronic unpredictable stress decreased saccharin preference in 4-, 14- and 25-month-old mice and the time spent in the center in the open field test in 25-month-old mice. For monoamine receptors, analysis of variance revealed significant effects of age on mRNA levels of Htr1a, Htr2a, Htr6, Adra1a, Adrb2, and Adrb3, significant effects of stress on mRNA levels of Htr4, Adra2c, Adrb1, and Adrb2, and interactions of age × stress on mRNA levels of Htr1a, Htr5b, Adra1d, Adra2a, Adra2c, and Adrb1. Chronic unpredictable stress decreased mRNA levels of Htr4, Htr5b, Adra2c, and Adrb1 in 4-month-old female mice. Correlations were observed between saccharin preference and mRNA levels of Htr4, Htr5b, Htr6, Adra1d, Adra2a, and Adra2c in 4-month-old mice and between the time spent in the center in the open field test and mRNA levels of Htr1b in 4-month-old mice, Htr3a, Htr7, and Adrb2 in 14-month-old mice, and Drd2 in 4- and 14-month-old mice. Our findings support that stress induces depression- and anxiety-related behaviors and the expression of hippocampal monoamine receptors in an age-dependent manner in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhou
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Zhicheng Xu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Dunjiang Liu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Yameng Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
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Joanna B, Michal K, Agnieszka WB, Katarzyna Z, Marzena M, Ryszard P, Wojciech S. Alpha-2A but not 2B/C noradrenergic receptors in ventral tegmental area regulate phasic dopamine release in nucleus accumbens core. Neuropharmacology 2022; 220:109258. [PMID: 36116534 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adrenergic receptors (AR) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) modulate local neuronal activity and, as a consequence, dopamine (DA) release in the mesolimbic forebrain. Such modulation has functional significance: intra-VTA blockade of α1-AR attenuates behavioral responses to salient environmental stimuli in rat models of drug seeking and conditioned fear as well as phasic DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). In contrast, α2-AR in the VTA has been suggested to act primarily as autoreceptors, limiting local noradrenergic input. The regulation of noradrenaline efflux by α2-AR could be of clinical interest, as α2-AR agonists are proposed as promising pharmacological tools in the treatment of PTSD and substance use disorder. Thus, the aim of our study was to determine the subtype-specificity of α2-ARs in the VTA capable of modulating phasic DA release. We used fast scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) in anaesthetized male rats to measure DA release in the NAc after combined electrical stimulation and infusion of selected α2-AR antagonists into the VTA. Intra-VTA microinfusion of idazoxan - a non-subtype-specific α2-AR antagonist, as well as BRL-44408 - a selective α2A-AR antagonist, attenuated electrically-evoked DA in the NAc. In contrast, local administration of JP-1302 or imiloxan (α2B- and α2C-AR antagonists, respectively) had no effect. The effect of BRL-44408 on DA release was attenuated by intra-VTA DA D2 antagonist (raclopride) pre-administration. Finally, we confirmed the presence of α2A-AR protein in the VTA using western blotting. In conclusion, these data specify α2A-, but not α2B- or α2C-AR as the receptor subtype controlling NA release in the VTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernacka Joanna
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Łojasiewicza Str. 4, 30-348, Krakow, Poland; Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Smętna Str. 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kielbinski Michal
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Łojasiewicza Str. 4, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wawrzczak-Bargieła Agnieszka
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Smętna Str. 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Zajda Katarzyna
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Łojasiewicza Str. 4, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maćkowiak Marzena
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Brain Biostructure, Smętna Str. 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Przewlocki Ryszard
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Smętna Str. 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Solecki Wojciech
- Jagiellonian University, Institute of Applied Psychology, Department of Neurobiology and Neuropsychology, Łojasiewicza Str. 4, 30-348, Krakow, Poland.
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Jaleel G, Shaphe MA, Khan AR, Malhotra D, Khan H, Parveen S, Qasheesh M, Beg RA, Chahal A, Ahmad F, Ahmad MF. Effect of Exercises on Central and Endocrine System for Pain Modulation in Primary Dysmenorrhea. J Lifestyle Med 2022; 12:15-25. [PMID: 35300040 PMCID: PMC8918380 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2022.12.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea is the term for describing complex menstrual flow and painful spasmodic cramps during menstruation, and pain without any pathology is considered Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD). It is the most frequent ailment among women of all ages and races. The pain is dull and throbbing in character and occurs in the lower back and abdomen. Symptoms commonly appear 6 to 12 months after menarche, with the most significant incidence in the late teen and early twenties. Physical exercise is nearly a new non-medical intervention to relieve PD associated pain. Aerobics, stretching and Resistive exercises for 8-12 weeks, either supervised or unsupervised, relieves pain. Exercises are believed to cause hormonal changes in the uterine lining, which reduces PD symptoms. Researchers have presumed different pain-relieving methods, ranging from non-opioids to opioids to hormonal for variations in pain sensitivity. Exercise-induced analgesia provides the central pathway as the primary mechanism for pain reduction while, another way to reducing pain in PD may be a hormonal interaction. The hormonal changes causing exercise-induced pain modulation during the menstruation cycle is not clearly understood and the interaction and activation of all the central and endocrine components, which is a complex mechanism, is also not explained clearly. This study briefly reviews the physiological mechanism of Exercise-induced analgesia and its potent roles in controlling the pathogenesis of PD for pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghufran Jaleel
- Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, India
| | - Muhammad Abu Shaphe
- Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing Sciences and Allied Health, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India
| | - Huma Khan
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Nursing Sciences and Allied Health, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, India
| | - Sana Parveen
- Ayurvedic and Unani Tibbia College, Karol Bagh, India
| | - Mohammed Qasheesh
- Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Ali Beg
- Physical Therapy College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aksh Chahal
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Haryana, India
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Faruque Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Broncel A, Bocian R, Kłos-Wojtczak P, Konopacki J. Noradrenergic Profile of Hippocampal Formation Theta Rhythm in Anaesthetized Rats. Neuroscience 2021; 473:13-28. [PMID: 34418519 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to identify the noradrenergic receptors underlying the production of hippocampal formation (HPC) type 2 theta rhythm. The experiments were performed on urethanized rats wherein type 2 theta is the only rhythm present. In three independent stages of experiments, the effects of noradrenaline (NE) and selective noradrenergic α and β agonists and antagonists were tested. We indicate that the selective activation of three HPC noradrenergic receptors, α1, α2 and β1, induced a similar effect (i.e., inhibition) on type 2 theta rhythm. The remaining HPC β2 and β3 noradrenergic receptors do not seem to be directly involved in the pharmacological mechanism responsible for the suppression of theta rhythm in anaesthetized rats. Obtained results provide evidence for the suppressant effect of exogenous NE on HPC type 2 theta rhythm and show the crucial role of α1, α2 and β1 noradrenergic receptors in the modulation of HPC mechanisms of oscillations and synchrony. This finding is in contrast to the effects of endogenous NE produced by electrical stimulation of the locus coeruleus (LC) and procaine injection into the LC (Broncel et al., 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Broncel
- Neuromedical, Research Department, Natolin 15, 92-701 Lodz, Poland.
| | - R Bocian
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, The University of Lodz, Pomorska St. No 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - P Kłos-Wojtczak
- Neuromedical, Research Department, Natolin 15, 92-701 Lodz, Poland.
| | - J Konopacki
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, The University of Lodz, Pomorska St. No 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Lesnak JB, Sluka KA. Mechanism of exercise-induced analgesia: what we can learn from physically active animals. Pain Rep 2020; 5:e850. [PMID: 33490844 PMCID: PMC7808683 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity has become a first-line treatment in rehabilitation settings for individuals with chronic pain. However, research has only recently begun to elucidate the mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia. Through the study of animal models, exercise has been shown to induce changes in the brain, spinal cord, immune system, and at the site of injury to prevent and reduce pain. Animal models have also explored beneficial effects of exercise through different modes of exercise including running, swimming, and resistance training. This review will discuss the central and peripheral mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia through different modes, intensity, and duration of exercise as well as clinical applications of exercise with suggestions for future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Lesnak
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen A. Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Chia JSM, Izham NAM, Farouk AAO, Sulaiman MR, Mustafa S, Hutchinson MR, Perimal EK. Zerumbone Modulates α 2A-Adrenergic, TRPV1, and NMDA NR2B Receptors Plasticity in CCI-Induced Neuropathic Pain In Vivo and LPS-Induced SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma In Vitro Models. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:92. [PMID: 32194397 PMCID: PMC7064019 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zerumbone has shown great potential in various pathophysiological models of diseases, particularly in neuropathic pain conditions. Further understanding the mechanisms of action is important to develop zerumbone as a potential anti-nociceptive agent. Numerous receptors and pathways function to inhibit and modulate transmission of pain signals. Previously, we demonstrated involvement of the serotonergic system in zerumbone's anti-neuropathic effects. The present study was conducted to determine zerumbone's modulatory potential involving noradrenergic, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced in vitro and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced SH-SY5Y in vitro neuroinflammatory models. von Frey filament and Hargreaves plantar tests were used to assess allodynia and hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain mouse model. Involvement of specific adrenoceptors were investigated using antagonists- prazosin (α1-adrenoceptor antagonist), idazoxan (α2-adrenoceptor antagonist), metoprolol (β1-adrenoceptor antagonist), ICI 118,551 (β2-adrenoceptor antagonist), and SR 59230 A (β3-adrenoceptor antagonist), co-administered with zerumbone (10 mg/kg). Involvement of excitatory receptors; TRPV and NMDA were conducted using antagonists capsazepine (TRPV1 antagonist) and memantine (NMDA antagonist). Western blot was conducted to investigate the effect of zerumbone on the expression of α2A-adrenoceptor, TRPV1 and NMDA NR2B receptors in CCI-induced whole brain samples of mice as well as in LPS-induced SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Pre-treatment with α1- and α2-adrenoceptor antagonists significantly attenuated both anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects of zerumbone. For β-adrenoceptors, only β2-adrenoceptor antagonist significantly reversed the anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects of zerumbone. β1-adrenoceptor antagonist only reversed the anti-allodynic effect of zerumbone. The anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic effects of zerumbone were both absent when TRPV1 and NMDA receptors were antagonized in both nociceptive assays. Zerumbone treatment markedly decreased the expression of α2A-adrenoceptor, while an up-regulation was observed of NMDA NR2B receptors. Expression of TRPV1 receptors however did not significantly change. The in vitro study, representing a peripheral model, demonstrated the reduction of both NMDA NR2B and TRPV1 receptors while significantly increasing α2A-adrenoceptor expression in contrast to the brain samples. Our current findings suggest that the α1-, α2-, β1- and β2-adrenoceptors, TRPV1 and NMDA NR2B are essential for the anti-allodynic and antihyperalgesic effects of zerumbone. Alternatively, we demonstrated the plasticity of these receptors through their response to zerumbone's administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Siew Min Chia
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Aishah Mohammed Izham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Akira Omar Farouk
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Roslan Sulaiman
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sanam Mustafa
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Enoch Kumar Perimal
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Zendehdel M, Khodadadi M, Vosoughi A, Mokhtarpouriani K, Baghbanzadeh A. β2 adrenergic receptors and leptin interplay to decrease food intake in chicken. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:156-163. [PMID: 31846591 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1704687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The present study was designed to examine the effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of different α and [Formula: see text] adrenergic receptor antagonists on leptin-induced hypophagia in broiler chickens.2. The study consisted of six experiments. In all experiments, chickens were deprived of feed for 3 h prior to the ICV injections and thereafter were returned immediately to the individual cages and cumulative feed intake, based on the percentage of body weight, was measured at 30, 60 and 120 min post-injection.3. In experiment 1, leptin (2.5, 5 or 10 µg) were injected in birds. In experiment 2, groups received either control solution, prazosin (10 nmol), leptin (10 µg) or a co-injection of prazosin (10 nmol) and leptin (10 µg). The other experiments were conducted as experiment 2, but instead of prazosine (10 nmol), yohimbine (13 nmol) was used in experiment 3, metoprolol (24 nmol) in experiment 4, ICI 118,551 (5 nmol) in experiment 5 and SR 59230R (5 nmol) in experiment 6 were injected either in a group or in combination with leptin (10 µg).4. The results of this study revealed a dose-dependent hypophagic effect of leptin and, in experiment 5, ICV co-injection of ICI118, 551 (5 nmol) and leptin (10 µg) significantly attenuated this effect (P˂0.5). These results suggest that the hypophagic effect of leptin is probably mediated by β2 adrenergic receptors in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zendehdel
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Khodadadi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Vosoughi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Mokhtarpouriani
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Baghbanzadeh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Abstract
Neuropharmacological interventions in preclinical translational models of impulsivity have tremendously contributed to a better understanding of the neurochemistry and neural basis of impulsive behaviour. In this regard, much progress has been made over the last years, also due to the introduction of novel techniques in behavioural neuroscience such as optogenetics and chemogenetics. In this chapter, we will provide an update of how the behavioural pharmacology field has progressed and built upon existing data since an earlier review we wrote in 2008. To this aim, we will first give a brief background on preclinical translational models of impulsivity. Next, recent interesting evidence of monoaminergic modulation of impulsivity will be highlighted with a focus on the neurotransmitters dopamine and noradrenaline. Finally, we will close the chapter by discussing some novel directions and drug leads in the neuropharmacological modulation of impulsivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy Pattij
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Louk J M J Vanderschuren
- Division of Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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12
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Alpha 2-adrenergic dysregulation in congenic DxH recombinant inbred mice selectively bred for a high fear-sensitized (H-FSS) startle response. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 188:172835. [PMID: 31805289 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Patients with anxiety disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exhibit exaggerated fear responses and noradrenergic dysregulation. Fear-related responses to α2-adrenergic challenge were therefore studied in DxH C3H/HeJ-like recombinant inbred (C3HLRI) mice, which are a DBA/2J-congenic strain selectively bred for a high fear-sensitized startle (H-FSS). C3HLRI mice showed an enhanced acoustic startle response and immobility in the forced swim test compared to DBA/2J controls. The α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (Yoh; 5.0 mg/kg) induced an anxiogenic and the α2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (Clon; 0.1 mg/kg) an anxiolytic effect in the open field (OF) in C3HLRI but not DBA/2J mice. In auditory fear-conditioning, Yoh (5.0 mg/kg)-treated C3HLRI mice showed higher freezing during fear recall and extinction learning than DBA/2J mice, and a higher ceiling for the Yoh-induced deficit in fear extinction. No strain differences were observed in exploration-related anxiety/spatial learning or the Clon-induced (0.1 mg/kg) corticosterone surge. A global analysis of the behavioral profile of the two mouse strains based on observed and expected numbers of significant behavioral outcomes indicated that C3HLRI mice showed significantly more often fear- and stress-related PTSD-like behaviors than DBA/2J controls. The analysis of the robustness of significant outcomes based on false discovery rate (FDR) thresholds confirmed significant differences for the strain-Yoh-interactions in the OF center and periphery, the Yoh-induced general extinction deficit, strain differences in conditioned fear levels, and at the dose of 5.0 mg/kg for the Yoh-induced ceiling in freezing levels among others. The current findings are consistent with previous observations showing alterations in the central noradrenergic system of C3HLRI mice (Browne et al., 2014, Stress 17:471-83). Based on their behavioral profile and response to α2-adrenergic stimulation, C3HLRI mice are a valuable genetic model for studying adrenergic mechanisms of anxiety disorders and potentially also of PTSD.
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13
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Rapid Reconfiguration of the Functional Connectome after Chemogenetic Locus Coeruleus Activation. Neuron 2019; 103:702-718.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Luján MA, Colomar L, Tarragón E, López-Cruz L, Pastor R, Font L. Drug-free and context-dependent locomotor hyperactivity in DBA/2 J mice previously treated with repeated cocaine: Relationship with behavioral sensitization and role of noradrenergic receptors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 176:101-110. [PMID: 30571988 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug-associated contexts and discrete cues can trigger motivational states responsible for drug-seeking behavior and relapse. In preclinical research, drug-free conditioned hyperactivity has been used to investigate the expression of memories associated with psychostimulant drug effects. Addictive drugs can produce long-lasting sensitization to their psychomotor actions, a phenomenon known as behavioral sensitization. The neuroplasticity underlying behavioral sensitization appears to be involved in pathological drug pursuit and abuse. In the present study we evaluated drug-free, context-dependent hyperactivity in DBA/2 J mice previously treated with cocaine and we explored whether this conditioned effect was related to behavioral sensitization. Given the role of noradrenergic (NA) neurotransmission in memory retrieval, consolidation and reconsolidation processes, we also investigated whether conditioned hyperactivity in a drug-free state was mediated by NA receptors. Animals underwent a sensitization protocol with six cocaine injections (0, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) paired to a particular floor cue. Three days after this sensitization phase, all animals were exposed to the same familiar floor environment without drug treatment. A second test with an unfamiliar floor was conducted 24 h later. Conditioned hyperactivity was also explored after one or three cocaine pairings and was evaluated for its duration (with repeated familiar vs. unfamiliar floor tests). In a series of pharmacological experiments, we evaluated the effects propranolol (a non-selective antagonist of β1- and β2-receptors) and prazosin (α1-receptor antagonist) on conditioned hyperactivity. Cocaine treatment produced both robust sensitization and drug-free conditioned hyperactivity, an effect that lasted up to 17 days (with cocaine 20 mg/kg). A significant correlation between the magnitude of cocaine sensitization and the level of conditioned hyperactivity was found. Propranolol, but not prazosin, blocked context-dependent hyperlocomotion in a drug-free state. Our data, together with a vast body of literature, indicate that the NA system plays a key role in the retrieval and behavioral expression of drug-associated memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Luján
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; Neurobiology of Behaviour Research Group (GReNeCNeuroBio), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Colomar
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ernesto Tarragón
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura López-Cruz
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; Department of Psychology and MRC/Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Raúl Pastor
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura Font
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
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Xiao LY, Wang XR, Yang JW, Ye Y, Zhu W, Cao Y, Ma SM, Liu CZ. Acupuncture Prevents the Impairment of Hippocampal LTP Through β1-AR in Vascular Dementia Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7677-7690. [PMID: 29435917 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the synaptic dysfunction and synapse loss contribute to the cognitive deficits of vascular dementia (VD) patients. We have previously reported that acupuncture improved cognitive function in rats with VD. However, the mechanisms involved in acupuncture improving cognitive ability remain to be elucidated. The present study aims to investigate the pathways and molecules involved in the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture. We assessed the effects of acupuncture on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), the most prominent cellular model of memory formation. Acupuncture enhanced LTP and norepinephrine (NE) levels in the hippocampus. Inhibition of the β-adrenergic receptor (AR), but not the α-AR, was able to block the effects of acupuncture on hippocampal LTP. Furthermore, inhibition of β1-AR, not β2-AR, abolished the enhanced LTP induced by acupuncture. The expression analysis revealed a significant upregulation of β1-AR and unchanged β2-AR with acupuncture, which supported the above findings. Specifically, increased β1-ARs in the dentate gyrus were expressed on neurons exclusively. Taken together, the present data supports a beneficial role of acupuncture in synaptic plasticity challenged with VD. A likely mechanism is the increase of NE and activation of β1-AR in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yong Xiao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Xue-Rui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ming Ma
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China.
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16
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Calderón P, Deltenre P, Stany I, Kaleeta Maalu JP, Stevens M, Lamoureux J, Bellemans M, Dujardin S, Van der Linden P, Dachy B. Clonidine administration during intraoperative monitoring for pediatric scoliosis surgery: Effects on central and peripheral motor responses. Neurophysiol Clin 2017; 48:93-102. [PMID: 29248202 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of clonidine administrated as a co-analgesic during scoliosis surgery, on the neuromonitoring of spinal motor pathways. METHODS Using standardized intraoperative monitoring, we compared the time course of peripherally and transcranially electrically evoked motor potentials (TcEMEPs) before and after injection of a single bolus of clonidine in children under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). MEP data were obtained from 9 patients and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) were obtained from 2 patients. The potential effect of clonidine on mean blood pressure (BP) was controlled. RESULTS TcEMEPs from upper and lower limbs rapidly showed significant drops in amplitude after the injection of clonidine. Amplitudes reached minimal values within five minutes and remained very weak for at least 10-20minutes during which monitoring of the central motor pathways was severely compromised. SSEPs were not altered during maximal amplitude depression of the TcEMEPS. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report showing that clonidine severely interferes with neuromonitoring of the spinal cord motor pathways. The results are discussed in light of the literature describing the effects of dexmedetomidine, another α-2 adrenergic agonist. The experimental and literature data point to central mechanisms taking place at both the spinal and cerebral levels. Therefore, clonidine as well as other α-2 adrenergic agonists should be used with extreme caution in patients for whom neuromonitoring of the motor pathways is required during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Calderón
- Department of neurology, université libre de Bruxelles, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van-Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul Deltenre
- Department of neurology, université libre de Bruxelles, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van-Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium; Laboratory of sensory and cognitive neurophysiology, université libre de Bruxelles, CHU Brugmann, place Van-Gehuchten, 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ida Stany
- Department of anesthesiology, CHU Brugmann, Queen-Fabiola Children's university hospital, université libre de Bruxelles, 15, avenue JJ Crocq, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Kaleeta Maalu
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Queen-Fabiola Children's university hospital, université libre de Bruxelles, 15, avenue J-J-Crocq, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Magali Stevens
- Department of neurology, université libre de Bruxelles, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van-Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean Lamoureux
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Queen-Fabiola Children's university hospital, université libre de Bruxelles, 15, avenue J-J-Crocq, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Bellemans
- Department of orthopaedic surgery, Queen-Fabiola Children's university hospital, université libre de Bruxelles, 15, avenue J-J-Crocq, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Dujardin
- Department of neurology, université libre de Bruxelles, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van-Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Van der Linden
- Department of anesthesiology, CHU Brugmann, Queen-Fabiola Children's university hospital, université libre de Bruxelles, 15, avenue JJ Crocq, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bernard Dachy
- Department of neurology, université libre de Bruxelles, CHU Brugmann, 4, place Van-Gehuchten, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Choi S, Yamada A, Kim W, Kim SK, Furue H. Noradrenergic inhibition of spinal hyperexcitation elicited by cutaneous cold stimuli in rats with oxaliplatin-induced allodynia: electrophysiological and behavioral assessments. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:431-438. [PMID: 27896597 PMCID: PMC10718019 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the spinal action of noradrenaline on cold-elicited hyperexcitation detected in dorsal horn neurons of rats with allodynia induced by an oxaliplatin (6 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. In vivo extracellular recordings from the spinal dorsal horn showed that wide dynamic range neurons responded to cutaneous acetone (10 μl) stimulation in normal rats, and cold-elicited firings in oxaliplatin-administered rats were increased with a longer duration, correlated with behavioral responses. These responses were significantly attenuated by spinal administration (50 μM) of noradrenaline or its agonists, clonidine (α2), phenylephrine (α1) and isoprenaline (β), in descending order of efficacy. Thus, the inhibitory effect of noradrenaline on spinal oxaliplatin-induced cold hyperexcitation is mediated mainly by activation of α2- and/or α1-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghwan Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Akihiro Yamada
- Department of Information Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Kwang Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hidemasa Furue
- Department of Information Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
- School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
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18
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Kinetic properties and adrenergic control of TREK-2-like channels in rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pyramidal neurons. Brain Res 2017; 1665:95-104. [PMID: 28438532 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
TREK-2-like channels were identified on the basis of electrophysiological and pharmacological tests performed on freshly isolated and enzymatically/mechanically dispersed pyramidal neurons of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Single-channel currents were recorded in cell-attached configuration and the impact of adrenergic receptors (α1, α2, β) stimulation on spontaneously appearing TREK-2-like channel activity was tested. The obtained results indicate that noradrenaline decreases the mean open probability of TREK-2-like channel currents by activation of β1 but not of α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors. Mean open time and channel conductance were not affected. The system of intracellular signaling pathways depends on the activation of protein kinase A. We also show that adrenergic control of TREK-2-like channel currents by adrenergic receptors was similar in pyramidal neurons isolated from young, adolescent, and adult rats. Immunofluorescent confocal scans of mPFC slices confirmed the presence of the TREK-2 protein, which was abundant in layer V pyramidal neurons. The role of TREK-2-like channel control by adrenergic receptors is discussed.
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Adams WK, Barrus MM, Zeeb FD, Cocker PJ, Benoit J, Winstanley CA. Dissociable effects of systemic and orbitofrontal administration of adrenoceptor antagonists on yohimbine-induced motor impulsivity. Behav Brain Res 2017; 328:19-27. [PMID: 28344096 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine, is commonly used as a pharmacological stressor. Its behavioural effects are typically attributed to elevated noradrenaline release via blockade of central, inhibitory autoreceptors. We have previously reported that yohimbine increases motor impulsivity in rats on the five-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT), a cognitive behavioural assessment which measures motor impulsivity and visuospatial attention. Furthermore, this effect depended on cyclic adenomonophosphate (cAMP) signalling via cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). However, the role of specific adrenoceptors in this effect is not well-characterised. We therefore investigated whether the pro-impulsive effects of systemic yohimbine could be reproduced by direct administration into the OFC, or attenuated by intra-OFC or systemic administration of prazosin and propranolol-antagonists at the α1- and β-adrenoceptor, respectively. Male Long-Evans rats were trained on the 5CSRTT and implanted with guide cannulae aimed at the OFC. Systemically administered α1- or β-adrenoceptor antagonists attenuated yohimbine-induced increases in premature responding. In contrast, local infusion of yohimbine into the OFC reduced such impulsive responding, while blockade of α1- or β-adrenoceptors within the OFC had no effect on either basal or yohimbine-stimulated motor impulsivity. Direct administration of selective antagonists at the α1-, α2- or β-adrenoceptor into the OFC therefore produce clearly dissociable effects from systemic administration. Collectively, these data suggest that the pro-impulsivity effect of yohimbine can be modulated by adrenergic signalling in brain areas outside of the OFC, in addition to non-adrenergic signalling pathways within the OFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy K Adams
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; UBC Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael M Barrus
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fiona D Zeeb
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Paul J Cocker
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James Benoit
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catharine A Winstanley
- Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; UBC Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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20
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Stallaert W, van der Westhuizen ET, Schönegge AM, Plouffe B, Hogue M, Lukashova V, Inoue A, Ishida S, Aoki J, Le Gouill C, Bouvier M. Purinergic Receptor Transactivation by the β2-Adrenergic Receptor Increases Intracellular Ca 2+ in Nonexcitable Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:533-544. [PMID: 28280061 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.106419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) increases intracellular Ca2+ in a variety of cell types. By combining pharmacological and genetic manipulations, we reveal a novel mechanism through which the β2AR promotes Ca2+ mobilization (pEC50 = 7.32 ± 0.10) in nonexcitable human embryonic kidney (HEK)293S cells. Downregulation of Gs with sustained cholera toxin pretreatment and the use of Gs-null HEK293 (∆Gs-HEK293) cells generated using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein-9 nuclease (CRISPR/Cas9) system, combined with pharmacological modulation of cAMP formation, revealed a Gs-dependent but cAMP-independent increase in intracellular Ca2+ following β2AR stimulation. The increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ was inhibited by P2Y purinergic receptor antagonists as well as a dominant-negative mutant form of Gq, a Gq-selective inhibitor, and an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor antagonist, suggesting a role for this Gq-coupled receptor family downstream of the β2AR activation. Consistent with this mechanism, β2AR stimulation promoted the extracellular release of ATP, and pretreatment with apyrase inhibited the β2AR-promoted Ca2+ mobilization. Together, these data support a model whereby the β2AR stimulates a Gs-dependent release of ATP, which transactivates Gq-coupled P2Y receptors through an inside-out mechanism, leading to a Gq- and IP3-dependent Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular stores. Given that β2AR and P2Y receptors are coexpressed in various tissues, this novel signaling paradigm could be physiologically important and have therapeutic implications. In addition, this study reports the generation and validation of HEK293 cells deleted of Gs using the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology that will undoubtedly be powerful tools to study Gs-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Stallaert
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Emma T van der Westhuizen
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Anne-Marie Schönegge
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Bianca Plouffe
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Mireille Hogue
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Viktoria Lukashova
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Satoru Ishida
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Junken Aoki
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Christian Le Gouill
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
| | - Michel Bouvier
- Department of Biochemistry (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.B.) and Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer (W.S., E.T.v.d.W., A.-M.S., B.P., M.H., V.L., C.L.G., M.B.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan (A.I., S.I., J.A.); Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan (A.I.); and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (J.A.)
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Function of brain α2B-adrenergic receptor characterized with subtype-selective α2B antagonist and KO mice. Neuroscience 2016; 339:608-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Adrenergic receptor-mediated modulation of striatal firing patterns. Neurosci Res 2016; 112:47-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kaushal R, Taylor BK, Jamal AB, Zhang L, Ma F, Donahue R, Westlund KN. GABA-A receptor activity in the noradrenergic locus coeruleus drives trigeminal neuropathic pain in the rat; contribution of NAα1 receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 2016; 334:148-159. [PMID: 27520081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Trigeminal neuropathic pain is described as constant excruciating facial pain. The study goal was to investigate the role of nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) in a model of chronic orofacial neuropathic pain (CCI-ION). The study examines LC's relationship to both the medullary dorsal horn receiving trigeminal nerve sensory innervation and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). LC is a major source of CNS noradrenaline (NA) and a primary nucleus involved in pain modulation. Although descending inhibition of acute pain by LC is well established, contribution of the LC to facilitation of chronic neuropathic pain is also reported. In the present study, a rat orofacial pain model of trigeminal neuropathy was induced by chronic constrictive injury of the infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). Orofacial neuropathic pain was indicated by development of whisker pad mechanical hypersensitivity. Hypersensitivity was alleviated by selective elimination of NA neurons, including LC (A6 cell group), with the neurotoxin anti-dopamine-β-hydroxylase saporin (anti-DβH-saporin) microinjected either intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) or into trigeminal spinal nucleus caudalis (spVc). The GABAA receptor antagonist, bicuculline, administered directly into LC (week 8) inhibited hypersensitivity. This indicates a valence shift in which increased GABAA signaling ongoing in LC after trigeminal nerve injury paradoxically produces excitatory facilitation of the chronic pain state. Microinjection of NAα1 receptor antagonist, benoxathian, into mPFC attenuated whisker pad hypersensitivity, while NAα2 receptor antagonist, idazoxan, was ineffective. Thus, GABAA-mediated activation of NA neurons during CCI-ION can facilitate hypersensitivity through NAα1 receptors in the mPFC. These data indicate LC is a chronic pain generator.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaushal
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States
| | - B K Taylor
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States
| | - A B Jamal
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States
| | - L Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States
| | - F Ma
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States
| | - R Donahue
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States
| | - K N Westlund
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, United States.
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Castelli MP, Spiga S, Perra A, Madeddu C, Mulas G, Ennas MG, Gessa GL. α2A adrenergic receptors highly expressed in mesoprefrontal dopamine neurons. Neuroscience 2016; 332:130-9. [PMID: 27365174 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
α2 adrenoreceptors (α2-ARs) play a key role in the control of noradrenaline and dopamine release in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Here, using UV-laser microdissection-based quantitative mRNA expression in individual neurons we show that in hTH-GFP rats, a transgenic line exhibiting intense and specific fluorescence in dopaminergic (DA) neurons, α2A adrenoreceptor (α2A-AR) mRNA is expressed at high and low levels in DA cells in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra compacta (SNc), respectively. Confocal microscopy fluorescence immunohistochemistry revealed that α2A-AR immunoreactivity colocalized with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in nearly all DA cells in the VTA and SNc, both in hTH-GFP rats and their wild-type Sprague-Dawley (SD) counterparts. α2A-AR immunoreactivity was also found in DA axonal projections to the mPFC and dorsal caudate in the hTH-GFP and in the anterogradely labeled DA axonal projections from VTA to mPFC in SD rats. Importantly, the α2A-AR immunoreactivity localized in the DA cells of VTA and in their fibers in the mPFC was much higher than that in DA cells of SNc and their fibers in dorsal caudate, respectively. The finding that α2A-ARs are highly expressed in the cell bodies and axons of mesoprefrontal dopaminergic neurons provides a morphological basis to the vast functional evidence that somatodendritic and nerve-terminal α2A-AR receptors control dopaminergic activity and dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex. This finding raises the question whether α2A-ARs might function as autoreceptors in the mesoprefrontal dopaminergic neurons, replacing the lack of D2 autoreceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Paola Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; Center of Excellence "Neurobiology of Addiction", University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Saturnino Spiga
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Perra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Camilla Madeddu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Giovanna Mulas
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - M Grazia Ennas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi Gessa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; Guy Everett Laboratory" University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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25
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Ruiz M, Perez-Garcia G, Ortiz-Virumbrales M, Méneret A, Morant A, Kottwitz J, Fuchs T, Bonet J, Gonzalez-Alegre P, Hof PR, Ozelius LJ, Ehrlich ME. Abnormalities of motor function, transcription and cerebellar structure in mouse models of THAP1 dystonia. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:7159-70. [PMID: 26376866 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
DYT6 dystonia is caused by mutations in THAP1 [Thanatos-associated (THAP) domain-containing apoptosis-associated protein] and is autosomal dominant and partially penetrant. Like other genetic primary dystonias, DYT6 patients have no characteristic neuropathology, and mechanisms by which mutations in THAP1 cause dystonia are unknown. Thap1 is a zinc-finger transcription factor, and most pathogenic THAP1 mutations are missense and are located in the DNA-binding domain. There are also nonsense mutations, which act as the equivalent of a null allele because they result in the generation of small mRNA species that are likely rapidly degraded via nonsense-mediated decay. The function of Thap1 in neurons is unknown, but there is a unique, neuronal 50-kDa Thap1 species, and Thap1 levels are auto-regulated on the mRNA level. Herein, we present the first characterization of two mouse models of DYT6, including a pathogenic knockin mutation, C54Y and a null mutation. Alterations in motor behaviors, transcription and brain structure are demonstrated. The projection neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei are especially altered. Abnormalities vary according to genotype, sex, age and/or brain region, but importantly, overlap with those of other dystonia mouse models. These data highlight the similarities and differences in age- and cell-specific effects of a Thap1 mutation, indicating that the pathophysiology of THAP1 mutations should be assayed at multiple ages and neuronal types and support the notion of final common pathways in the pathophysiology of dystonia arising from disparate mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pedro Gonzalez-Alegre
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Patrick R Hof
- Department of Neurosciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA and
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Neurology
| | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Department of Neurology,
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27
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Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibition alters pain and anxiety-related volitional behaviors through activation of β-adrenergic receptors in the rat. Neuroscience 2015; 290:561-9. [PMID: 25659347 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reduced catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity resulting from genetic variation or pharmacological depletion results in enhanced pain perception in humans and nociceptive behaviors in animals. Using phasic mechanical and thermal reflex tests (e.g. von Frey, Hargreaves), recent studies show that acute COMT-dependent pain in rats is mediated by β-adrenergic receptors (βARs). In order to more closely mimic the characteristics of human chronic pain conditions associated with prolonged reductions in COMT, the present study sought to determine volitional pain-related and anxiety-like behavioral responses following sustained as well as acute COMT inhibition using an operant 10-45°C thermal place preference task and a light/dark preference test. In addition, we sought to evaluate the effects of sustained COMT inhibition on generalized body pain by measuring tactile sensory thresholds of the abdominal region. Results demonstrated that acute and sustained administration of the COMT inhibitor OR486 increased pain behavior in response to thermal heat. Further, sustained administration of OR486 increased anxiety behavior in response to bright light, as well as abdominal mechanosensation. Finally, all pain-related behaviors were blocked by the non-selective βAR antagonist propranolol. Collectively, these findings provide the first evidence that stimulation of βARs following acute or chronic COMT inhibition drives cognitive-affective behaviors associated with heightened pain that affects multiple body sites.
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Nomura S, Bouhadana M, Morel C, Faure P, Cauli B, Lambolez B, Hepp R. Noradrenalin and dopamine receptors both control cAMP-PKA signaling throughout the cerebral cortex. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:247. [PMID: 25191229 PMCID: PMC4140213 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Noradrenergic fibers innervate the entire cerebral cortex, whereas the cortical distribution of dopaminergic fibers is more restricted. However, the relative functional impact of noradrenalin and dopamine receptors in various cortical regions is largely unknown. Using a specific genetic label, we first confirmed that noradrenergic fibers innervate the entire cortex whereas dopaminergic fibers were present in all layers of restricted medial and lateral areas but only in deep layers of other areas. Imaging of a genetically encoded sensor revealed that noradrenalin and dopamine widely activate PKA in cortical pyramidal neurons of frontal, parietal and occipital regions with scarce dopaminergic fibers. Responses to noradrenalin had higher amplitude, velocity and occurred at more than 10-fold lower dose than those elicited by dopamine, whose amplitude and velocity increased along the antero-posterior axis. The pharmacology of these responses was consistent with the involvement of Gs-coupled beta1 adrenergic and D1/D5 dopaminergic receptors, but the inhibition of both noradrenalin and dopamine responses by beta adrenergic antagonists was suggestive of the existence of beta1-D1/D5 heteromeric receptors. Responses also involved Gi-coupled alpha2 adrenergic and D2-like dopaminergic receptors that markedly reduced their amplitude and velocity and contributed to their cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Our results reveal that noradrenalin and dopamine receptors both control cAMP-PKA signaling throughout the cerebral cortex with moderate regional and laminar differences. These receptors can thus mediate widespread effects of both catecholamines, which are reportedly co-released by cortical noradrenergic fibers beyond the territory of dopaminergic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Nomura
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
| | - Maud Bouhadana
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
| | - Carole Morel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Faure
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Cauli
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Lambolez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
| | - Régine Hepp
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UM CR 18, Neuroscience Paris Seine Paris, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8246 Paris, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U 1130 Paris, France
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29
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Herrera-García AM, Domínguez-Luis MJ, Arce-Franco M, Armas-González E, Álvarez de La Rosa D, Machado JD, Pec MK, Feria M, Barreiro O, Sánchez-Madrid F, Díaz-González F. Prevention of neutrophil extravasation by α2-adrenoceptor-mediated endothelial stabilization. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:3023-35. [PMID: 25114107 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adrenergic receptors are expressed on the surface of inflammation-mediating cells, but their potential role in the regulation of the inflammatory response is still poorly understood. The objectives of this work were to study the effects of α2-adrenergic agonists on the inflammatory response in vivo and to determine their mechanism of action. In two mouse models of inflammation, zymosan air pouch and thioglycolate-induced peritonitis models, the i.m. treatment with xylazine or UK14304, two α2-adrenergic agonists, reduced neutrophil migration by 60%. The α2-adrenergic antagonist RX821002 abrogated this effect. In flow cytometry experiments, the basal surface expression of L-selectin and CD11b was modified neither in murine nor in human neutrophils upon α2-agonist treatment. Similar experiments in HUVEC showed that UK14304 prevented the activation-dependent upregulation of ICAM-1. In contrast, UK14304 augmented electrical resistance and reduced macromolecular transport through a confluent HUVEC monolayer. In flow chamber experiments, under postcapillary venule-like flow conditions, the pretreatment of HUVECs, but not neutrophils, with α2-agonists decreased transendothelial migration, without affecting neutrophil rolling. Interestingly, α2-agonists prevented the TNF-α-mediated decrease in expression of the adherens junctional molecules, VE-cadherin, β-catenin, and plakoglobin, and reduced the ICAM-1-mediated phosphorylation of VE-cadherin by immunofluorescence and confocal analysis and Western blot analysis, respectively. These findings indicate that α2-adrenoceptors trigger signals that protect the integrity of endothelial adherens junctions during the inflammatory response, thus pointing at the vascular endothelium as a therapeutic target for the management of inflammatory processes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada María Herrera-García
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - María Jesús Domínguez-Luis
- Centro para la Investigación Biomédica de las Islas Canarias, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomedicas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - María Arce-Franco
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Estefanía Armas-González
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Diego Álvarez de La Rosa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - José David Machado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Martina K Pec
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Manuel Feria
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Olga Barreiro
- Departamento de Biología Vascular e Inflamación, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28029 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Departamento de Biología Vascular e Inflamación, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 28029 Madrid, Spain; and Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Federico Díaz-González
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Laguna, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain; Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Cuesta, 38320 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain;
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30
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Luo F, Guo NN, Li SH, Tang H, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Reduction of glutamate release probability and the number of releasable vesicles are required for suppression of glutamatergic transmission by β1-adrenoceptors in the medial prefrontal cortex. Neuropharmacology 2014; 83:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Jhaveri DJ, Nanavaty I, Prosper BW, Marathe S, Husain BFA, Kernie SG, Bartlett PF, Vaidya VA. Opposing effects of α2- and β-adrenergic receptor stimulation on quiescent neural precursor cell activity and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98736. [PMID: 24922313 PMCID: PMC4055446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Norepinephrine regulates latent neural stem cell activity and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and has an important role in modulating hippocampal functions such as learning, memory and mood. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is a multi-stage process, spanning from the activation and proliferation of hippocampal stem cells, to their differentiation into neurons. However, the stage-specific effects of noradrenergic receptors in regulating adult hippocampal neurogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we used transgenic Nestin-GFP mice and neurosphere assays to show that modulation of α2- and β-adrenergic receptor activity directly affects Nestin-GFP/GFAP-positive precursor cell population albeit in an opposing fashion. While selective stimulation of α2-adrenergic receptors decreases precursor cell activation, proliferation and immature neuron number, stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors activates the quiescent precursor pool and enhances their proliferation in the adult hippocampus. Furthermore, our data indicate no major role for α1-adrenergic receptors, as we did not observe any change in either the activation and proliferation of hippocampal precursors following selective stimulation or blockade of α1-adrenergic receptors. Taken together, our data suggest that under physiological as well as under conditions that lead to enhanced norepinephrine release, the balance between α2- and β-adrenergic receptor activity regulates precursor cell activity and hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanisha J. Jhaveri
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ishira Nanavaty
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Boris W. Prosper
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Swanand Marathe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Basma F. A. Husain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Steven G. Kernie
- Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Perry F. Bartlett
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail: (VAV); (PFB)
| | - Vidita A. Vaidya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
- * E-mail: (VAV); (PFB)
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Zhang C, Rui YY, Zhou YY, Ju Z, Zhang HH, Hu CY, Xiao Y, Xu GY. Adrenergic β2-receptors mediates visceral hypersensitivity induced by heterotypic intermittent stress in rats. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94726. [PMID: 24733123 PMCID: PMC3986230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic visceral pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has been difficult to treat effectively partially because its pathophysiology is not fully understood. Recent studies show that norepinephrine (NE) plays an important role in the development of visceral hypersensitivity. In this study, we designed to investigate the role of adrenergic signaling in visceral hypersensitivity induced by heterotypical intermittent stress (HIS). Abdominal withdrawal reflex scores (AWRs) used as visceral sensitivity were determined by measuring the visceromoter responses to colorectal distension. Colon-specific dorsal root ganglia neurons (DRGs) were labeled by injection of DiI into the colon wall and were acutely dissociated for whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Blood plasma level of NE was measured using radioimmunoassay kits. The expression of β2-adrenoceptors was measured by western blotting. We showed that HIS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was attenuated by systemic administration of a β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol, in a dose-dependent manner, but not by a α-adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine. Using specific β-adrenoceptor antagonists, HIS-induced visceral hypersensitivity was alleviated by β2 adrenoceptor antagonist but not by β1- or β3-adrenoceptor antagonist. Administration of a selective β2-adrenoceptor antagonist also normalized hyperexcitability of colon-innervating DRG neurons of HIS rats. Furthermore, administration of β-adrenoceptor antagonist suppressed sustained potassium current density (IK) without any alteration of fast-inactivating potassium current density (IA). Conversely, administration of NE enhanced the neuronal excitability and produced visceral hypersensitivity in healthy control rats, and blocked by β2-adrenoceptor antagonists. In addition, HIS significantly enhanced the NE concentration in the blood plasma but did not change the expression of β2-adrenoceptor in DRGs and the muscularis externa of the colon. The present study might provide a potential molecular target for therapy of visceral hypersensitivity in patents with IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Yun Rui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Ju
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chuang-Ying Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Soochow University, Suzhou, P. R. China
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β2- and β3-adrenergic receptors drive COMT-dependent pain by increasing production of nitric oxide and cytokines. Pain 2014; 155:1346-1355. [PMID: 24727346 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Decreased activity of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), an enzyme that metabolizes catecholamines, contributes to pain in humans and animals. Previously, we demonstrated that development of COMT-dependent pain is mediated by both β2- and β3-adrenergic receptors (β2ARs and β3ARs). Here we investigated molecules downstream of β2- and β3ARs driving pain in animals with decreased COMT activity. Based on evidence linking their role in pain and synthesis downstream of β2- and β3AR stimulation, we hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines drive COMT-dependent pain. To test this, we measured plasma NO derivatives and cytokines in rats receiving the COMT inhibitor OR486 in the presence or absence of the β2AR antagonist ICI118,551+β3AR antagonist SR59320A. We also assessed whether the NO synthase inhibitor L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and cytokine-neutralizing antibodies block the development of COMT-dependent pain. Results showed that animals receiving OR486 exhibited higher levels of NO derivatives, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in a β2- and β3AR-dependent manner. Additionally, inhibition of NO synthases and neutralization of the innate immunity cytokines TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 blocked the development of COMT-dependent pain. Finally, we found that NO influences TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2 levels, whereas TNFα and IL-6 influence NO levels. Altogether, these results demonstrate that β2- and β3ARs contribute to COMT-dependent pain, at least partly, by increasing NO and cytokines. Furthermore, they identify β2- and β3ARs, NO, and proinflammatory cytokines as potential therapeutic targets for pain patients with abnormalities in COMT physiology.
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Vazey EM, Aston-Jones G. Designer receptor manipulations reveal a role of the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system in isoflurane general anesthesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:3859-64. [PMID: 24567395 PMCID: PMC3956184 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310025111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms driving emergence from general anesthesia are not well understood. The noradrenergic brain nucleus locus coeruleus (LC) modulates arousal and may have effects on general anesthetic state. Using virally delivered designer receptors to specifically control LC norepinephrine (NE) neurons, we investigated the causal relationship between LC-NE activity and general anesthetic state under isoflurane. Selective activation of LC-NE neurons produced cortical electroencephalography (EEG) activation under continuous deep isoflurane anesthesia. Specifically, LC-NE activation reduced burst suppression in EEG and drove a rightward shift in peak EEG frequency with reduced δ EEG power and increased θ EEG power, measures of cortical arousal. LC-NE activation also accelerated behavioral emergence from deep isoflurane anesthesia; this was prevented with β or α1 noradrenergic antagonists. Moreover, these adrenoreceptor antagonists alone were sufficient to markedly potentiate anesthetic duration when delivered centrally or peripherally. Induction of anesthesia also was retarded by LC-NE activation. Our results demonstrate that the LC-NE system strongly modulates the anesthetic state, and that changes in LC-NE neurotransmission alone can affect the emergence from isoflurane general anesthesia. Taken together, these findings extend our understanding of mechanisms underlying general anesthesia and cortical arousal, and have significant implications for optimizing the clinical safety and management of general anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena M. Vazey
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Gary Aston-Jones
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
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α2-Adrenoceptors are targets for antipsychotic drugs. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:801-12. [PMID: 24488407 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Almost all antipsychotic drugs (APDs), irrespective of whether they belong to the first-generation (e.g. haloperidol) or second-generation (e.g. clozapine), are dopamine D2 receptor antagonists. Second-generation APDs, which differ from first-generation APDs in possessing a lower propensity to induce extrapyramidal side effects, target a variety of monoamine receptors such as serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors (e.g. 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, 5-HT6, 5-HT7) and α1- and α2-adrenoceptors in addition to their antagonist effects at D2 receptors. OBJECTIVE This short review is focussed on the potential role of α2-adrenoceptors in the antipsychotic therapy. RESULTS Schizophrenia is characterised by three categories of symptoms: positive symptoms, negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. α2-Adrenoceptors are classified into three distinct subtypes in mammals, α2A, α2B and α2C. Whereas the α2B-adrenoceptor seems to play only a minor role in the brain, activation of postsynaptic α2A-adrenoceptors in the prefrontal cortex improves cognitive functions. Preclinical models such as D-amphetamine-induced locomotion, the conditioned avoidance response and the pharmacological N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypofunction model have shown that α2C-adrenoceptor blockade or the combination of D2 receptor antagonists with idazoxan (α2A/2C-adrenoceptor antagonist) could be useful in schizophrenia. A potential benefit of a treatment combination of first-generation APDs with the α2A/2C-adrenoceptor antagonists idazoxan or mirtazapine was also demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that α2-adrenoceptors may be promising targets in the antipsychotic therapy.
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Liu Y, Liang X, Ren WW, Li BM. Expression of β1- and β2-adrenoceptors in different subtypes of interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. Neuroscience 2013; 257:149-57. [PMID: 24215978 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Noradrenaline acting via β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) in the CNS plays an important role in learning/memory and cognitive functions. β-ARs have been shown to be expressed in cortical pyramidal and subcortical principal cells. However, little is known about β-AR expression in different subtypes of GABAergic neurons. Here, we report that both β1- and β2-ARs are expressed in a majority of GABAergic interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice, including parvalbumin (PV)-, calretinin (CR)-, calbindin D-28k (CB)-, somatostatin (SST)- and Reelin-immunoreactive (ir) interneurons. Relative to PV-, CB-, SST- and Reelin-ir interneurons, CR-ir interneurons are less likely to express β1- and β2-ARs. SST-ir interneurons are more likely to express β2-AR compared with the other subtypes of interneurons. The present results are of significance for understanding the role of β-ARs in prefrontal cortical functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Institute of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X Liang
- Institute of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W-W Ren
- Institute of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B-M Li
- Institute of Neurobiology and State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
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Zaldivar A, Krichmar JL. Interactions between the neuromodulatory systems and the amygdala: exploratory survey using the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 218:1513-30. [PMID: 23143393 PMCID: PMC3825589 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-012-0473-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuromodulatory systems originate in nuclei localized in the subcortical region of the brain and control fundamental behaviors by interacting with many areas of the central nervous system. An exploratory survey of the cholinergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic receptor expression energy in the amygdala, and in the neuromodulatory areas themselves was undertaken using the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas. The amygdala was chosen because of its importance in cognitive behavior and its bidirectional interaction with the neuromodulatory systems. The gene expression data of 38 neuromodulatory receptor subtypes were examined across 13 brain regions. The substantia innominata of the basal forebrain and regions of the amygdala had the highest amount of receptor expression energy for all four neuromodulatory systems examined. The ventral tegmental area also displayed high receptor expression of all four neuromodulators. In contrast, the locus coeruleus displayed low receptor expression energy overall. In general, cholinergic receptor expression was an order of magnitude greater than other neuromodulatory receptors. Since the nuclei of these neuromodulatory systems are thought to be the source of specific neurotransmitters, the projections from these nuclei to target regions may be inferred by receptor expression energy. The comprehensive analysis revealed many connectivity relations and receptor localization that had not been previously reported. The methodology presented here may be applied to other neural systems with similar characteristics, and to other animal models as these brain atlases become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Zaldivar
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Jeffrey L. Krichmar
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA
- Department of Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, USA
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38
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Vinagre AM, Collares EF. Evidence for the involvement of peripheral β-adrenoceptors in delayed liquid gastric emptying induced by dipyrone, 4-aminoantipyrine, and antipyrine in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:735-8. [PMID: 24068187 PMCID: PMC3854428 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20132975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dipyrone (Dp), 4-aminoantipyrine (AA), and antipyrine (At) delay liquid gastric
emptying (GE) in rats. We evaluated adrenergic participation in this phenomenon
in a study in male Wistar rats (250-300 g) pretreated subcutaneously with
guanethidine (GUA), 100 mg·kg−1·day−1, or vehicle (V) for
2 days before experimental treatments. Other groups of animals were pretreated
intravenously (iv) 15 min before treatment with V, prazosin
(PRA; 1 mg/kg), yohimbine (YOH; 3 mg/kg), or propranolol (PRO; 4 mg/kg), or with
intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of 25 µg PRO or V.
The groups were treated iv with saline or with 240 µmol/kg Dp,
AA, or At. GE was determined 10 min later by measuring the percentage of gastric
retention (%GR) of saline labeled with phenol red 10 min after gavage. %GR
(mean±SE, n=8) indicated that GUA abolished the effect of Dp (GUA
vs V=31.7±1.6 vs 47.1±2.3%) and of At
(33.2±2.3 vs 54.7±3.6%) on GE and significantly reduced the
effect of AA (48.1±3.2 vs 67.2±3.1%). PRA and YOH did not
modify the effect of the drugs. %GR (mean±SE, n=8) indicated that
iv, but not icv, PRO abolished the effect
of Dp (PRO vs V=29.1±1.7 vs 46.9±2.7%) and At
(30.5±1.7 vs 49±3.2%) and significantly reduced the effect of
AA (48.4±2.6 vs 59.5±3.1%). These data suggest activation of
peripheral β-adrenoceptors in the delayed GE induced by phenylpyrazolone
derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Vinagre
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Núcleo de Medicina e Cirurgia Experimental, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, CampinasSP, Brasil
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Effects of an Agonist of β2 Adrenoreceptors on Reactions of Pyramidal Neurons of Area CA1 of the Rat Hippocampus Modified Due to Blocking of GABAA Receptors. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-013-9370-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Jin XT, Cui N, Zhong W, Jin X, Wu Z, Jiang C. Pre- and postsynaptic modulations of hypoglossal motoneurons by α-adrenoceptor activation in wild-type and Mecp2(-/Y) mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C1080-90. [PMID: 23986203 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00109.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoglossal motoneurons (HNs) control tongue movement and play a role in maintenance of upper airway patency. Defects in these neurons may contribute to the development of sleep apnea and other cranial motor disorders including Rett syndrome (RTT). HNs are modulated by norepinephrine (NE) through α-adrenoceptors. Although postsynaptic mechanisms are known to play a role in this effect, how NE modulates the synaptic transmissions of HNs remains poorly understood. More importantly, the NE system is defective in RTT, while how the defect affects HNs is unknown. Believing that information of NE modulation of HNs may help the understanding of RTT and the design of new therapeutical interventions to motor defects in the disease, we performed these studies in which glycinergic inhibitory postsynaptic currents and intrinsic membrane properties were examined in wild-type and Mecp2(-/Y) mice, a mouse of model of RTT. We found that activation of α1-adrenoceptor facilitated glycinergic synaptic transmission and excited HNs. These effects were mediated by both pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms. The latter effect involved an inhibition of barium-sensitive G protein-dependent K(+) currents. The pre- and postsynaptic modulations of the HNs by α1-adrenoceptors were not only retained in Mecp2-null mice but also markedly enhanced, which appears to be a compensatory mechanism for the deficiencies in NE and GABAergic synaptic transmission. The existence of the endogenous compensatory mechanism is an encouraging finding, as it may allow therapeutical modalities to alleviate motoneuronal defects in RTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao Jin
- Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
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41
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Locus coeruleus stimulation recruits a broad cortical neuronal network and increases cortical perfusion. J Neurosci 2013; 33:3390-401. [PMID: 23426667 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3346-12.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC), the main source of brain noradrenalin (NA), modulates cortical activity, cerebral blood flow (CBF), glucose metabolism, and blood-brain barrier permeability. However, the role of the LC-NA system in the regulation of cortical CBF has remained elusive. This rat study shows that similar proportions (∼20%) of cortical pyramidal cells and GABA interneurons are contacted by LC-NA afferents on their cell soma or proximal dendrites. LC stimulation induced ipsilateral activation (c-Fos upregulation) of pyramidal cells and of a larger proportion (>36%) of interneurons that colocalize parvalbumin, somatostatin, or nitric oxide synthase compared with pyramidal cells expressing cyclooxygenase-2 (22%, p < 0.05) or vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing interneurons (16%, p < 0.01). Concurrently, LC stimulation elicited larger ipsilateral compared with contralateral increases in cortical CBF (52 vs 31%, p < 0.01). These CBF responses were almost abolished (-70%, p < 0.001) by cortical NA denervation with DSP-4 [N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine hydrochloride] and were significantly reduced by α- and β-adrenoceptor antagonists (-40%, p < 0.001 and -30%, p < 0.05, respectively). Blockade of glutamatergic or GABAergic neurotransmission with NMDA or GABA(A) receptor antagonists potently reduced the LC-induced hyperemic response (-56%, p < 0.001 or -47%, p < 0.05). Moreover, inhibition of astroglial metabolism (-35%, p < 0.01), vasoactive epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs; -60%, p < 0.001) synthesis, large-conductance, calcium-operated (BK, -52%, p < 0.05), and inward-rectifier (Kir, -40%, p < 0.05) K+ channels primarily impaired the hyperemic response. The data demonstrate that LC stimulation recruits a broad network of cortical excitatory and inhibitory neurons resulting in increased cortical activity and that K+ fluxes and EET signaling mediate a large part of the hemodynamic response.
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Jafari-Sabet M, Banafshe HR, Khodadadnejad MA. Modulation of muscimol state-dependent memory by α2-adrenoceptors of the dorsal hippocampal area. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 710:92-9. [PMID: 23603244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of bilateral intra-dorsal hippocampal (intra-CA1) injections of α2-adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist, on muscimol state-dependent memory were examined in mice. A single-trial step-down passive avoidance task was used for the assessment of memory retention in adult male NMRI mice. Administration of muscimol (0.1 μg/mouse, intra-CA1) 15 min before training or testing induced impairment of memory retention. Injection of the same dose of the drug 15 min before testing restored memory retention impaired under pre-training muscimol influence. Pre-test intra-CA1 administration of the α2-adrenoceptor agonist clonidine (0.5 and 1 μg/mouse) impaired memory retention, although the low dose of the drug (0.25 μg/mouse) did not affect memory retention. Pre-test intra-CA1 administration of the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine (1 and 2 μg/mouse) improved memory retention, although the low dose of the drug (0.5 μg/mouse) did not affect memory retention. In other series of experiments, pre-test co-administration of certain doses of clonidine (0.125 and 0.25 μg/mouse, intra-CA1), doses which were ineffective when given alone, and muscimol (0.1 μg/mouse, intra-CA1) significantly inhibited muscimol state-dependent memory. Pre-test intra-CA1 administration of certain doses of yohimbine (0.25 and 0.5 μg/mouse), doses which were ineffective when given alone, improved pre-training muscimol (0.1 μg/mouse)-induced retrieval impairment. Moreover, pre-test co-administration of yohimbine (0.25 and 0.5 μg/mouse, intra-CA1) and muscimol (0.025 μg/mouse, intra-CA1), an ineffective dose, significantly restored the retrieval and induced muscimol state-dependent memory. It may be concluded that the α2-adrenoceptors of the dorsal hippocampal area play an important role in muscimol state-dependent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Jafari-Sabet
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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43
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Gazarini L, Stern CAJ, Carobrez AP, Bertoglio LJ. Enhanced noradrenergic activity potentiates fear memory consolidation and reconsolidation by differentially recruiting 1- and -adrenergic receptors. Learn Mem 2013; 20:210-9. [DOI: 10.1101/lm.030007.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Differential Involvement of Central and Peripheral α2 Adrenoreceptors in the Antinociception Induced by Aerobic and Resistance Exercise. Anesth Analg 2013; 116:703-11. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31827ab6e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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45
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Agassandian K, Shan Z, Raizada M, Sved AF, Card JP. C1 catecholamine neurons form local circuit synaptic connections within the rostroventrolateral medulla of rat. Neuroscience 2012; 227:247-59. [PMID: 23041757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
C1 catecholamine neurons reside within the rostroventrolateral medulla (RVLM), an area that plays an integral role in blood pressure regulation through reticulospinal projections to sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the thoracic spinal cord. In a previous investigation we mapped the efferent projections of C1 neurons, documenting supraspinal projections to cell groups in the preautonomic network that contribute to the control of cardiovascular function. Light microscopic study also revealed putative local circuit connections within RVLM. In this investigation we tested the hypothesis that RVLM C1 neurons elaborate a local circuit synaptic network that permits communication between C1 neurons giving rise to supraspinal and reticulospinal projections. A replication defective lentivirus vector that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a synthetic dopamine beta hydroxylase (DβH) promoter was used to label C1 neurons and their processes. Confocal fluorescence microscopy demonstrated thin varicose axons immunopositive for EGFP and tyrosine hydroxylase that formed close appositions to C1 somata and dendrites throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the C1 area. Dual-labeled electron microscopic analysis revealed axosomatic, axodendritic and axospinous synaptic contacts with C1 and non-C1 neurons with a distribution recapitulating that observed in the light microscopic analysis. Labeled boutons were large, contained light axoplasm, lucent spherical vesicles, and formed asymmetric synaptic contacts. Collectively these data demonstrate that C1 neurons form a synaptic network within the C1 area that may function to coordinate activity among projection-specific subpopulations of neurons. The data also suggest that the boundaries of RVLM should be defined on the basis of function criteria rather than the C1 phenotype of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Agassandian
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
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β-adrenoreceptor activation in brain, lung and adipose tissue, measured by microdialysis in pig. Adv Med Sci 2012; 57:136-41. [PMID: 22440939 DOI: 10.2478/v10039-012-0009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of local activation of β-adrenoreceptor by Isoprenaline on metabolism in brain, fat and lung measured by microdialysis. METHODS We used 8 healthy pigs under general anaesthesia and placed microdialysis catheters in brain, fat, lung and artery. We performed a direct measurement of glucose, lactate, pyruvate and glycerol. The stimulation was performed by one-hour infusion of Isoprenaline, a β-adrenoreceptor agonist. RESULTS The infusion of isoprenaline did not affect the glucose in any tissue. The levels of lactate (p=0.008) and pyruvate (p=0.011) decreased significantly in lung after isoprenaline infusion. There was a significant increase in L/P ratio in fat tissue (p=0.001) while no significant changes could be found in brain (p=0.086) and lung (p=0.679). The most pronounced and significant change was observed in glycerol in fat (p<0.001) that increased by 95%. CONCLUSION The prominent increase in glycerol in fat proved to be a good measure of β-adrenoreceptor activation and a measure of lipolysis. This can be used to online monitor β-adrenoreceptor activation by glycerol measurement in patients.
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Jnoff E, Christophe B, Collart P, Coloretti F, Debeuckelaere A, De Ryck M, Fuks B, Genicot C, Gillard M, Guyaux M, Price N, Vandergeten MC, Vermeiren C. Discovery of Selective Alpha2CAdrenergic Receptor Agonists. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:385-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Iravani MM, Jenner P. Mechanisms underlying the onset and expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesia and their pharmacological manipulation. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2011; 118:1661-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-011-0698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Mactutus CF, Harrod SB, Hord LL, Moran LM, Booze RM. Prenatal IV Cocaine: Alterations in Auditory Information Processing. Front Psychiatry 2011; 2:38. [PMID: 21747770 PMCID: PMC3128243 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One clue regarding the basis of cocaine-induced deficits in attentional processing is provided by the clinical findings of changes in the infants' startle response; observations buttressed by neurophysiological evidence of alterations in brainstem transmission time. Using the IV route of administration and doses that mimic the peak arterial levels of cocaine use in humans, the present study examined the effects of prenatal cocaine on auditory information processing via tests of the auditory startle response (ASR), habituation, and prepulse inhibition (PPI) in the offspring. Nulliparous Long-Evans female rats, implanted with an IV access port prior to breeding, were administered saline, 0.5, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg/injection of cocaine HCL (COC) from gestation day (GD) 8-20 (1×/day-GD8-14, 2×/day-GD15-20). COC had no significant effects on maternal/litter parameters or growth of the offspring. At 18-20 days of age, one male and one female, randomly selected from each litter displayed an increased ASR (>30% for males at 1.0 mg/kg and >30% for females at 3.0 mg/kg). When reassessed in adulthood (D90-100), a linear dose-response increase was noted on response amplitude. At both test ages, within-session habituation was retarded by prenatal cocaine treatment. Testing the females in diestrus vs. estrus did not alter the results. Prenatal cocaine altered the PPI response function across interstimulus interval and induced significant sex-dependent changes in response latency. Idazoxan, an α(2)-adrenergic receptor antagonist, significantly enhanced the ASR, but less enhancement was noted with increasing doses of prenatal cocaine. Thus, in utero exposure to cocaine, when delivered via a protocol designed to capture prominent features of recreational usage, causes persistent, if not permanent, alterations in auditory information processing, and suggests dysfunction of the central noradrenergic circuitry modulating, if not mediating, these responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles F. Mactutus
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of South CarolinaColumbia, SC, USA
| | - Steven B. Harrod
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of South CarolinaColumbia, SC, USA
| | - Lauren L. Hord
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of South CarolinaColumbia, SC, USA
| | - Landhing M. Moran
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of South CarolinaColumbia, SC, USA
| | - Rosemarie M. Booze
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of South CarolinaColumbia, SC, USA
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Edwards LP, Brown-Bryan TA, McLean L, Ernsberger P. Pharmacological Properties of the Central Antihypertensive Agent, Moxonidine. Cardiovasc Ther 2011; 30:199-208. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2011.00268.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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