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Chen F, Wang Y, Chen Y, Fan J, Zhang C, He X, Yang X. JNK molecule is a toxic target for IPEC-J2 cell barrier damage induced by T-2 toxin. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115247. [PMID: 37453270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The most prevalent contaminated mycotoxin in feed and grain is T-2 toxin. The T-2 toxin's primary action target is the gut because it is the main organ of absorption. T-2 toxin can cause intestinal damage, but, few molecular mechanisms have been elucidated. It is important to discover the key pathways by which T-2 toxin causes enterotoxicity. In this research, IPEC-J2 cells are used as a cell model to investigate the function of the MAPK signaling pathway in T-2 toxin-induced intestinal epithelial cell damage. Throughout this research, T-2 toxin results in functional impairment in IPEC-J2 cells by reducing the TJ proteins Claudin, Occludin-1, ZO-1, N-cadherin, and CX-43 expression. T-2 toxin significantly reduced the survival of IPEC-J2 cells and increased LDH release in a dose-dependent way. T-2 toxin induced IPEC-J2 cell oxidative stress by raising ROS and MDA content, and mitochondrial damage was indicated by a decline in MMP and an increase in the opening degree of MPTP. T-2 toxin upregulated the expression of ERK, P38 and JNK, which triggered the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, T-2 toxin caused IPEC-J2 cell inflammation responses reflected by increased the levels of inflammation-related factors IL-8, p65, P-p65 and IL-6, and down-regulated IL-10 expression level. Inhibition JNK molecule can ease IPEC-J2 cell functional impairment and inflammatory response. In conclusion, as a consequence of the T-2 toxin activating the JNK molecule, oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage are induced, which impair cellular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China
| | - Youshuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China
| | - Yunhe Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China
| | - Jiayan Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China
| | - Xiuyuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002 Henan, China.
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2
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Sun Y, Mo Y, Jiang S, Shang C, Feng Y, Zeng X. CXC chemokine ligand-10 promotes the accumulation of monocyte-like myeloid-derived suppressor cells by activating p38 MAPK signaling under tumor conditions. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:142-151. [PMID: 36168841 PMCID: PMC9807505 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokine ligand-10 (CXCL10) is a small (10 kDa) secretory protein in the CXC subfamily of cytokines. CXCL10 has been reported to play an important role in antitumor immunity as a chemotactic factor. Tumor development is always accompanied by the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, and the role of CXCL10 in tumor immunosuppression remains unclear. Here, we reported that CXCL10 expression was significantly upregulated in mice with melanoma, and tumor cells secreted large amounts of CXCL10. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are an important part of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Our results showed that CXCL10 promoted the proliferation of monocyte-like (mo)-MDSCs by activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway through CXCR3, which led to the abnormal accumulation of mo-MDSCs under tumor conditions. This finding provides a new understanding of the mechanism by which a tumor-induced immunosuppressive microenvironment forms and suggests that CXCL10 could be a potential intervention target for slowing tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yan Mo
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Shu Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chao Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yunpeng Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life ScienceNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunChina
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3
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Pretzsch E, Lampert C, Bazhin AV, Link H, Jacob S, Guba M, Werner J, Neumann J, Angele MK, Bösch F. EMT-related genes are unlikely to be involved in extracapsular growth of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 229:153688. [PMID: 34872022 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In gastric cancer (GC), extracapsular growth (ECG) pattern of lymph node metastases is associated with decreased overall survival rates compared to intracapsular lymph node metastases (ICG). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in hematogenous metastatic spread. Aim of the present study was to analyze if EMT related genes are involved in the growth pattern of lymph node metastases in GC. METHODS Out of our prospective database with 529 patients who underwent surgical resection for GC between 2002 and 2014 forty lymph node positive patients were identified (20 ECG, 20 ICG). The expression of 84 EMT-associated genes were analyzed by RT2 Profiler PCR Array (n = 20). Results were validated by Real-Time PCR (n = 20). RESULTS GC with ECG showed differently expressed EMT related genes. GC leading to ECG showed an upregulation of three and downregulation of eleven genes. Those differences, however, could not be confirmed in PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that EMT related genes are not responsible for the different growth patterns of lymph node metastases in GC. Further studies are required to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of ECG in GC as it might provide a potential therapeutic target for this subgroup of more aggressive tumors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Pretzsch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christopher Lampert
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandr V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helena Link
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Jacob
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Guba
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin K Angele
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian Bösch
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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4
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Targeting protein phosphatase PP2A for cancer therapy: development of allosteric pharmaceutical agents. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1545-1556. [PMID: 34192314 DOI: 10.1042/cs20201367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor initiation is driven by oncogenes that activate signaling networks for cell proliferation and survival involving protein phosphorylation. Protein kinases in these pathways have proven to be effective targets for pharmaceutical inhibitors that have progressed to the clinic to treat various cancers. Here, we offer a narrative about the development of small molecule modulators of the protein Ser/Thr phosphatase 2A (PP2A) to reduce the activation of cell proliferation and survival pathways. These novel drugs promote the assembly of select heterotrimeric forms of PP2A that act to limit cell proliferation. We discuss the potential for the near-term translation of this approach to the clinic for cancer and other human diseases.
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5
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Betulinic Acid Alleviates Spleen Oxidative Damage Induced by Acute Intraperitoneal Exposure to T-2 Toxin by Activating Nrf2 and Inhibiting MAPK Signaling Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020158. [PMID: 33499152 PMCID: PMC7912660 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin, which is mainly produced by specific strains of Fusarium in nature, can induce immunotoxicity and oxidative stress, resulting in immune organ dysfunction and apoptosis. Betulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoids from nature plants, has been demonstrated to possess immunomodulating and antioxidative bioactivities. The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of BA on T-2 toxin-challenged spleen oxidative damage and further elucidate the underlying mechanism. We found that BA not only ameliorated the contents of serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) but also restored the number of lymphocytes in T-2 toxin-induced mice. BA dose-dependently reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the spleen of T-2-toxin-exposed mice. Moreover, BA reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the spleen, improved the morphology of mitochondria and enriched the number of organelles in splenocytes, and dramatically attenuated T-2 toxin-triggered splenocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, administration of BA alleviated the protein phosphorylation of p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK); decreased the protein expression of kelch-like erythroid cell-derived protein with CNC homology [ECH]-associated protein1 (Keap1); and increased the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2 [NF-E2]-related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the spleen. These findings demonstrate that BA defends against spleen oxidative damage associated with T-2 toxin injection by decreasing ROS accumulation and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, as well as inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.
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6
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Endothelial MAP2K1 mutations in arteriovenous malformation activate the RAS/MAPK pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:450-454. [PMID: 32703450 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a locally destructive congenital vascular anomaly caused by somatic mutations in MAP2K1. The mutation is isolated to endothelial cells (ECs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of mutant MAP2K1 on EC signaling and vascular network formation. Pathway effects were studied using both mutant MAP2K1 (K57N) human AVM tissue and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) engineered to overexpress the MAP2K1 (K57N) mutation. Western blot was used to determine cell signaling along the RAS/MAPK pathway. Geltrex tube formation assays were performed to assess EC vascular network formation. Cells were treated with a MAP2K1 inhibitor (Trametinib) to determine its effect on signaling and vascular tube formation. Human mutant MAP2K1-AVM ECs had similar baseline MEK1 and ERK1/2 expression with controls; however, mutant MAP2K1-AVM ECs produced significantly more phosphorylated ERK1/2 than wild-type ECs. Mutant MAP2K1 HUVECs demonstrated significantly more phosphorylated ERK1/2 than control HUVECs. Trametinib reduced the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in mutant cells and prevented the ability of ECs to form vascular networks. AVM MAP2K1 mutations activate RAS/MAPK signaling in ECs. ERK activation and vascular network formation are reduced with Trametinib. Pharmacotherapy using MAP2K1 inhibitors may prevent the formation or progression of AVMs.
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7
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S D, Z R, A T, F R, D M, M O, O KH, S ZA. Low-power Density Radiations Emitted from Common Wi-Fi Routers Influence Sperm Concentration and Sperm Histomorphometric Parameters: A New Horizon on Male Infertility Treatment. J Biomed Phys Eng 2020; 10:167-176. [PMID: 32337184 PMCID: PMC7166213 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Male infertility is defined as an inability to impregnate a fertile female; it is a widespread problem which is usually
caused by some male factors such as low quantity and quality of sperm, specifically oligospermia and azoospermia. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the bio-positive effects of low power density Wi-Fi radiation on the reproductive system of infertile and healthy mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, thirty adult male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups. Groups oligospermic-sham (OS),
oligospermic-exposure 1 (OE1) and oligospermic-exposure 2 (OE2) received Busulfan, 10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, but the control-sham
(CS) and control-exposure (CE) groups left without Busulfan therapy. Groups CE, OE1 and OE2 were exposed to 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi radiation
while, the CS and OS were sham exposed to Wi-Fi radiation without energizing the Wi-Fi router. The right and left testes
and right epididymis were dissected out and histopathological, histomorphologic changes and the quality of the sperms were analyzed. Results: Low power density Wi-Fi radiation significantly increased sperm concentration in the CE group compared to that in CS, while
enhancement of spermatid cells was not significant. Sperm concentration in OE2 was more than that in OE1 as the spermatid cells enhanced. Conclusion: Findings revealed that radiation hormesis induced by low power density Wi-Fi radiation have biological beneficial effects
on mouse sperm concentration and sperm histomorphometric parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delavarifar S
- MSc, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razi Z
- MSc, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tamadon A
- PhD, The persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Rahmanifar F
- PhD, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrabani D
- PhD, Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Owjfard M
- MSc, Stem Cells Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Zaker Abasali S
- MSc, Department of Medical Informatics, School of Management and Information, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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8
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Redchuk TA, Karasev MM, Verkhusha PV, Donnelly SK, Hülsemann M, Virtanen J, Moore HM, Vartiainen MK, Hodgson L, Verkhusha VV. Optogenetic regulation of endogenous proteins. Nat Commun 2020; 11:605. [PMID: 32001718 PMCID: PMC6992714 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14460-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Techniques of protein regulation, such as conditional gene expression, RNA interference, knock-in and knock-out, lack sufficient spatiotemporal accuracy, while optogenetic tools suffer from non-physiological response due to overexpression artifacts. Here we present a near-infrared light-activatable optogenetic system, which combines the specificity and orthogonality of intrabodies with the spatiotemporal precision of optogenetics. We engineer optically-controlled intrabodies to regulate genomically expressed protein targets and validate the possibility to further multiplex protein regulation via dual-wavelength optogenetic control. We apply this system to regulate cytoskeletal and enzymatic functions of two non-tagged endogenous proteins, actin and RAS GTPase, involved in complex functional networks sensitive to perturbations. The optogenetically-enhanced intrabodies allow fast and reversible regulation of both proteins, as well as simultaneous monitoring of RAS signaling with visible-light biosensors, enabling all-optical approach. Growing number of intrabodies should make their incorporation into optogenetic tools the versatile technology to regulate endogenous targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras A Redchuk
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Maksim M Karasev
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland
| | - Polina V Verkhusha
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Sara K Donnelly
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Maren Hülsemann
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jori Virtanen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Henna M Moore
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Maria K Vartiainen
- Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Louis Hodgson
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Vladislav V Verkhusha
- Medicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00290, Finland.
- Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, and Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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9
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Serine Protease from Nereis virens Inhibits H1299 Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17060366. [PMID: 31226829 PMCID: PMC6627947 DOI: 10.3390/md17060366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the in vitro anti-proliferative mechanism between Nereis Active Protease (NAP) and human lung cancer H1299 cells. Colony formation and migration of cells were significantly lowered, following NAP treatment. Flow cytometry results suggested that NAP-induced growth inhibition of H1299 cells is linked to apoptosis, and that NAP can arrest the cells at the G0/G1 phase. The ERK/MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were selected for their RNA transcripts, and their roles in the anti-proliferative mechanism of NAP were studied using Western blots. Our results suggested that NAP led to the downregulation of p-ERK (Thr 202/Tyr 204), p-AKT (Ser 473), p-PI3K (p85), and p-mTOR (Ser 2448), suggesting that NAP-induced H1299 cell apoptosis occurs via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, specific inhibitors LY294002 and PD98059 were used to inhibit these two pathways. The effect of NAP on the downregulation of p-ERK and p-AKT was enhanced by the LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor), while the inhibitor PD98059 had no obvious effect. Overall, the results suggested that NAP exhibits antiproliferative activity by inducing apoptosis, through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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10
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Liang YJ, Yang WX. Kinesins in MAPK cascade: How kinesin motors are involved in the MAPK pathway? Gene 2019; 684:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Liu J, Zhang L, Mao P, Jiang G, Liu L, Wang J, Yang W, Owusu L, Li W. Functional characterization of a novel transcript of ERCC1 in chemotherapy resistance of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29156754 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20482] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15-20% of ovarian cancer patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy are primary platinum-resistant. Identification of these patients and transfer to other more effective therapy could reduce the morbidity of ovarian cancer. ERCC1 is a DNA repair gene which can complex with XPF to repair cisplatin-induced DNA damage and cause chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we found a novel ERCC1 transcript initiated upstream of the normal transcription initiation site. The expression of this larger ERCC1 transcript dramatically increased following cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cells and was regulated by the MAPK pathway. This phenomenon conferred enhanced cisplatin resistance on ovarian cancer cells, and was confirmed with chemosensitive and chemoresistant patients' samples. Our data suggested that larger ERCC1 transcript levels correlated with the outcome of platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Ping Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Likun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Sheng 450000, China
| | - Lawrence Owusu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
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12
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Liu J, Zhang L, Mao P, Jiang G, Liu L, Wang J, Yang W, Owusu L, Li W. Functional characterization of a novel transcript of ERCC1 in chemotherapy resistance of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29156754 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20482]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15-20% of ovarian cancer patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy are primary platinum-resistant. Identification of these patients and transfer to other more effective therapy could reduce the morbidity of ovarian cancer. ERCC1 is a DNA repair gene which can complex with XPF to repair cisplatin-induced DNA damage and cause chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we found a novel ERCC1 transcript initiated upstream of the normal transcription initiation site. The expression of this larger ERCC1 transcript dramatically increased following cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cells and was regulated by the MAPK pathway. This phenomenon conferred enhanced cisplatin resistance on ovarian cancer cells, and was confirmed with chemosensitive and chemoresistant patients' samples. Our data suggested that larger ERCC1 transcript levels correlated with the outcome of platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Ping Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Likun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Sheng 450000, China
| | - Lawrence Owusu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
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13
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Liu J, Zhang L, Mao P, Jiang G, Liu L, Wang J, Yang W, Owusu L, Li W. Functional characterization of a novel transcript of ERCC1 in chemotherapy resistance of ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85759-85771. [PMID: 29156754 PMCID: PMC5689644 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15-20% of ovarian cancer patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy are primary platinum-resistant. Identification of these patients and transfer to other more effective therapy could reduce the morbidity of ovarian cancer. ERCC1 is a DNA repair gene which can complex with XPF to repair cisplatin-induced DNA damage and cause chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we found a novel ERCC1 transcript initiated upstream of the normal transcription initiation site. The expression of this larger ERCC1 transcript dramatically increased following cisplatin treatment in ovarian cancer cells and was regulated by the MAPK pathway. This phenomenon conferred enhanced cisplatin resistance on ovarian cancer cells, and was confirmed with chemosensitive and chemoresistant patients' samples. Our data suggested that larger ERCC1 transcript levels correlated with the outcome of platinum-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Ping Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Likun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Sheng 450000, China
| | - Lawrence Owusu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116044, China
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14
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Wang X, Zheng N, Dong J, Wang X, Liu L, Huang J. Estrogen receptor-α36 is involved in icaritin induced growth inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:318-327. [PMID: 28529129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A sub-class of ER-negative breast cancer that is negative for ER, PR and HER2 expression known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and lacks effective treatment. Recently, it has been reported that an isoform of estrogen receptor-alpha ER-α36 is expressed and plays a critical role in development of TNBC. ER-α36 forms a positive regulatory loop with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which promotes malignant growth of TNBC cells. Thus, ER-α36 has been proposed as an important target for development of novel drugs for TNBC. In this study, we evaluated the effects of icaritin, a prenylflavonoid derivant purified from Epimedium Genus, on growth of TNBC cells and examined the possible underlying mechanisms. Our study demonstrated that icartin decreased both ER-α36 and EGFR protein expression, and induced apoptosis in TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells. We also found that icaritin inhibited ER-α36-mediated MAPK/ERK pathway and cyclin D1 induction by estrogen. Our results thus indicated that icaritin has a potential to be developed into a novel therapeutic agent for human TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Wuhan Polytechnic, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430074, PR China
| | - Jing Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China
| | - Xuming Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430056, PR China
| | - Lijiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430056, PR China.
| | - Jian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China.
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15
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Xu YJ, Elimban V, Dhalla NS. Suppression of phosphorylated MAPK and caspase 3 by carbon dioxide. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 436:23-28. [PMID: 28555276 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3073-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Although CO2 is produced during the oxidation of different substrates in all types of cells, the role of this gas in the regulation of cellular function is not clearly understood. Since changes in several signal transduction as well as apoptotic, anti-apoptotic, and other proteins are known to modify cellular function, we investigated if some of these proteins are altered upon incubating the rat hind leg skeletal muscle in a medium enriched with CO2 (1000-1200 ppm) for 30 min. CO2 was observed to depress phosphorylated levels of ERK1 (P44) and ERK2 (P42) without affecting the unphosphorylated content of these MAPK proteins. On the other hand, no change in p38 MAPK protein was found but the content of its degradation product 30 kDa proteins (both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated) was decreased. No alterations in the content of other signaling proteins (PKA and Akt), inflammatory molecule (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were seen upon exposure of the muscle to CO2. The content for apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins (Bad and Bcl2), except for a decrease in caspase 3, were also not affected by CO2. These results indicate that CO2 may serve as a gasotransmitter to regulate cellular function by depressing MAPK and caspase 3 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vijayan Elimban
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada.
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Naranjan S Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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16
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Zhou Y, Wu Y, Ma W, Jiang X, Takemra A, Uemura M, Xia L, Lin K, Xu Y. The effect of quercetin delivery system on osteogenesis and angiogenesis under osteoporotic conditions. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:612-625. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02312f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Bone regeneration under osteoporotic conditions with impaired angiogenesis, osteogenesis and remodeling represents a great challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhou
- Department of Oral Surgery
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Shanghai
| | - Yuqiong Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Wudi Ma
- Department of Oral Surgery
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Shanghai
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | | | - Mamoru Uemura
- Department of Anatomy
- Osaka Dental University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Lunguo Xia
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics
- Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Science
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
| | - Kaili Lin
- School & Hospital of Stomatology
- Tongji University
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
- Shanghai, 200072
- China
| | - Yuanjin Xu
- Department of Oral Surgery
- Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology
- Shanghai
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17
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Zavatti M, Guida M, Maraldi T, Beretti F, Bertoni L, La Sala GB, De Pol A. Estrogen receptor signaling in the ferutinin-induced osteoblastic differentiation of human amniotic fluid stem cells. Life Sci 2016; 164:15-22. [PMID: 27629493 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ferutinin is a diaucane sesquiterpene with a high estrogenic activity. Since ferutinin is able to enhance osteoblastic differentiation of human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs), the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the estrogen receptors α (ERα) and G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) in ferutinin-mediated osteoblastic differentiation. Moreover, it was investigated if MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways are involved in ferutinin-induced effects. MAIN METHODS hAFSCs were cultured in a standard medium or in an osteoblastic medium for 14 or 21days and ferutinin was added at 10-8M. Immunofluorescence techniques and Western-blot 21analysis were used to study estrogen receptors and signaling pathways. KEY FINDINGS In both undifferentiated and differentiated hAFSCs we identified ERα and GPR30 with a nuclear or cytoplasmatic localization, respectively. The presence of ferutinin in the osteoblastic medium leads to an increase in ERα expression. To dissect the role of estrogen receptors, MPP and G15 were used to selectively block ERα and GPR30, respectively. Notably, ferutinin enhanced osteoblastic differentiation in cells challenged with G15. Ferutinin was able to increase ERK and Akt phosphorylations with a different timing activation. These phosphorylations were antagonized by PD0325901, a MEK inhibitor, and wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor. Both MPP and G15 inhibited the ferutinin-induced MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathway activations. In the osteoblastic condition, PD0325901, but not wortmannin, reduced the expression of OPN and RUNX-2, whereas ferutinin abrogated the down-modulation triggered by PD0325901. SIGNIFICANCE PI3K/Akt pathways seems to mediate the enhancement of hAFSCs osteoblastic differentiation triggered by ferutinin through ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zavatti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - M Guida
- EURAC Research, Center for Biomedicine, Bolzano, Italy
| | - T Maraldi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - F Beretti
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - L Bertoni
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - G B La Sala
- Unit of Obstetrics and Ginecology, IRCCS-Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - A De Pol
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Dental and Morphological Sciences with Interest in Transplants, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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18
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Li HP, Yuan CL, Zho YC. Human cytomegalovirus inhibits apoptosis involving upregulation of the antiapoptotic protein Bag-1. J Med Virol 2016; 87:1953-9. [PMID: 26087710 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals and is recognized as a major viral cause of birth defects. HCMV has the ability to establish lifelong persistence and latent infection following primary exposure. Apoptosis is an innate cellular defense response to viral infection. HCMV can block apoptosis in various cell types. Here we show that HCMV promotes survival of human embryonic lung fibroblasts by activating of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Bag-1 is up-regulated in a MAPK/ERK-dependent fashion in infected cells. Depletion of Bag-1 suppresses the antiapoptotic effect of HCMV. Taken together, these data indicate that Bag-1 up-regulation is required to maintain apoptosis resistance in HCMV infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Ping Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, HuBei, 434000, China
| | - Cong Ling Yuan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, HuBei, 434000, China
| | - Ying Chun Zho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, HuBei, 434000, China
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19
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Goto S, Cao F, Kono T, Ogawa H. Microarray Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in Inner Cell Mass and Trophectoderm of Parthenogenetic Embryos. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1274/032.033.0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Ramanjaneya M, Tan BK, Rucinski M, Kawan M, Hu J, Kaur J, Patel VH, Malendowicz LK, Komarowska H, Lehnert H, Randeva HS. Nesfatin-1 inhibits proliferation and enhances apoptosis of human adrenocortical H295R cells. J Endocrinol 2015; 226:1-11. [PMID: 25869615 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NUCB2/nesfatin and its proteolytically cleaved product nesfatin-1 are recently discovered anorexigenic hypothalamic neuroproteins involved in energy homeostasis. It is expressed both centrally and in peripheral tissues, and appears to have potent metabolic actions. NUCB2/nesfatin neurons are activated in response to stress. Central nesfatin-1 administration elevates circulating ACTH and corticosterone levels. Bilateral adrenalectomy increased NUCB2/nesfatin mRNA levels in rat paraventricular nuclei. To date, studies have not assessed the effects of nesfatin-1 stimulation on human adrenocortical cells. Therefore, we investigated the expression and effects of nesfatin-1 in a human adrenocortical cell model (H295R). Our findings demonstrate that NUCB2 and nesfatin-1 are expressed in human adrenal gland and human adrenocortical cells (H295R). Stimulation with nesfatin-1 inhibits the growth of H295R cells and promotes apoptosis, potentially via the involvement of Bax, BCL-XL and BCL-2 genes as well as ERK1/2, p38 and JNK1/2 signalling cascades. This has implications for understanding the role of NUCB2/nesfatin in adrenal zonal development. NUCB2/nesfatin may also be a therapeutic target for adrenal cancer. However, further studies using in vivo models are needed to clarify these concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Ramanjaneya
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bee K Tan
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marcin Rucinski
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mohamed Kawan
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jiamiao Hu
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vanlata H Patel
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ludwik K Malendowicz
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hanna Komarowska
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Hendrik Lehnert
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, 16 Karol Marcinkowski, Poznan, Poland1st Medical DepartmentUniversity of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, GermanyDepartment of DiabetesEndocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospital, Coventry CV2 2DX, UKAston Medical Research InstituteSchool of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK Warwick Medical SchoolUniversity of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UKInterim Translational Research InstituteAcademic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, QatarDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyBirmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Histology and EmbryologyPoznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, PolandDepartment of EndocrinologyMetabolism and Internal
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21
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Zhou Y, Wu Y, Jiang X, Zhang X, Xia L, Lin K, Xu Y. The Effect of Quercetin on the Osteogenesic Differentiation and Angiogenic Factor Expression of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129605. [PMID: 26053266 PMCID: PMC4460026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are widely used in regenerative medicine in light of their ability to differentiate along the chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. As a type of traditional Chinese medicine, quercetin has been preliminarily reported to promote osteogenic differentiation in osteoblasts. In the present study, the effects of quercetin on the proliferation, viability, cellular morphology, osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic factor secretion of rat BMSCs (rBMSCs) were examined by MTT assay, fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) analysis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition assays, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, whether mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were involved in these processes was also explored. The results showed that quercetin significantly enhanced the cell proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic factor secretion of rBMSCs in a dose-dependent manner, with a concentration of 2 μM achieving the greatest stimulatory effect. Moreover, the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK) and p38 pathways was observed in quercetin-treated rBMSCs. Furthermore, these induction effects could be repressed by either the ERK inhibitor PD98059 or the p38 inhibitor SB202190, respectively. These data indicated that quercetin could promote the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and angiogenic factor secretion of rBMSCs in vitro, partially through the ERK and p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhou
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqiong Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lunguo Xia
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-maxillofacial Science, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (KL); (YX)
| | - Kaili Lin
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (KL); (YX)
| | - Yuanjin Xu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (LX); (KL); (YX)
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22
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McKinney GJ, Hale MC, Goetz G, Gribskov M, Thrower FP, Nichols KM. Ontogenetic changes in embryonic and brain gene expression in progeny produced from migratory and residentOncorhynchus mykiss. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:1792-809. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett J. McKinney
- Department of Biological Sciences; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195-5020 USA
| | - Matthew C. Hale
- Department of Biological Sciences; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Giles Goetz
- Conservation Biology Division; Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Seattle WA 98112 USA
| | - Michael Gribskov
- Department of Biological Sciences; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Frank P. Thrower
- Ted Stevens Marine Research Institute; Alaska Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Juneau AK 99801 USA
| | - Krista M. Nichols
- Department of Biological Sciences; Purdue University; West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
- Conservation Biology Division; Northwest Fisheries Science Center; National Marine Fisheries Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Seattle WA 98112 USA
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PARK SEUNGWON, KIM SEONGRYUL, KIM YOUNGCHUL, LEE JANGHOON, WOO HONGJUNG, YOON YEOKWANG, KIM YOUNGIL. Chelidonium majus L. extract induces apoptosis through caspase activity via MAPK-independent NF-κB signaling in human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:419-24. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Abstract
Aberrant activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK1/2 pathway occurs in more than 30% of human cancers. As part of this pathway, MEK1 and MEK2 have crucial roles in tumorigenesis, cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis and, therefore, MEK1/2 inhibition is an attractive therapeutic strategy in a number of cancers. Highly selective and potent non-ATP-competitive allosteric MEK1/2 inhibitors have been developed and assessed in numerous clinical studies over the past decade. These agents are not efficacious in a broad range of unselected cancers, although single-agent antitumour activity has been detected mainly in tumours that harbour mutations in genes encoding the members of the RAS and RAF protein families, such as certain melanomas. Combinations of MEK1/2 inhibitors and cytotoxic chemotherapy, and/or other targeted agents are being studied to expand the efficacy of this class of agents. Identifying predictive biomarkers, and delineating de novo and acquired resistance mechanisms are essential for the future clinical development of MEK inhibitors. We discuss the clinical experience with MEK inhibitors to date, and consider the novel approaches to MEK-inhibitor therapy that might improve outcomes and lead to the wider use of such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Alex A Adjei
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm & Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Kawasaki J, Aegerter S, Fevurly RD, Mammoto A, Mammoto T, Sahin M, Mably JD, Fishman SJ, Chan J. RASA1 functions in EPHB4 signaling pathway to suppress endothelial mTORC1 activity. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:2774-84. [PMID: 24837431 DOI: 10.1172/jci67084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular malformations are linked to mutations in RAS p21 protein activator 1 (RASA1, also known as p120RasGAP); however, due to the global expression of this gene, it is unclear how these mutations specifically affect the vasculature. Here, we tested the hypothesis that RASA1 performs a critical effector function downstream of the endothelial receptor EPHB4. In zebrafish models, we found that either RASA1 or EPHB4 deficiency induced strikingly similar abnormalities in blood vessel formation and function. Expression of WT EPHB4 receptor or engineered receptors with altered RASA1 binding revealed that the ability of EPHB4 to recruit RASA1 is required to restore blood flow in EPHB4-deficient animals. Analysis of EPHB4-deficient zebrafish tissue lysates revealed that mTORC1 is robustly overactivated, and pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 in these animals rescued both vessel structure and function. Furthermore, overexpression of mTORC1 in endothelial cells exacerbated vascular phenotypes in animals with reduced EPHB4 or RASA1, suggesting a functional EPHB4/RASA1/mTORC1 signaling axis in endothelial cells. Tissue samples from patients with arteriovenous malformations displayed strong endothelial phospho-S6 staining, indicating increased mTORC1 activity. These results indicate that deregulation of EPHB4/RASA1/mTORC1 signaling in endothelial cells promotes vascular malformation and suggest that mTORC1 inhibitors, many of which are approved for the treatment of certain cancers, should be further explored as a potential strategy to treat patients with vascular malformations.
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Kun D, Xiang-Lin C, Ming Z, Qi L. Chlamydia inhibit host cell apoptosis by inducing Bag-1 via the MAPK/ERK survival pathway. Apoptosis 2014; 18:1083-92. [PMID: 23708800 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria that frequently cause human disease. Host cells infected with Chlamydia are profoundly resistant to diverse apoptotic stimuli. The inhibition of apoptosis is thought to be an important immune escape mechanism allowing Chlamydia to productively complete their obligate intracellular growth cycle. Chlamydial antiapoptotic activity involves activation of the MAPK/ERK survival pathway. However, the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we show that Bag-1 is up-regulated in Chlamydia-infected cells. U0126 and GW5074 suppress the induction of Bag-1 by Chlamydia, implying that Chlamydia may up-regulate Bag-1 via the MAPK/ERK survival pathway. Overexpression of Bag-1 is sufficient to protect against apoptosis, while depletion of Bag-1 suppresses the antiapoptotic effect of Chlamydia. The data indicate Chlamydia may up-regulate Bag-1 through the MAPK/ERK survival pathway to suppress apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du Kun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, 434000, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
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27
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Lee M, Young Kim S, Kim J, Kim HS, Kim SM, Kim EJ. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 inhibition and sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation in camptothecin-induced human colon cancer cell death. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:1007-15. [PMID: 24005240 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.26044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Camptothecins are commonly used chemotherapeutics; in some models, they enhance signaling via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway through effects on upstream kinases. To evaluate the impact of camptothecin (CPT) on MAPKs in human colon cancer, we studied HCT116 and CaCo2 colon cancer cells. We found that HCT116 cells highly express mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP1), which selectively inactivates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas MKP1 levels were undetectable in CaCo2 cells. CPT did not affect ERK activity in CaCo2 cells, but did induce a striking increase in ERK activity in HCT116 cells in association with a corresponding decrease in MKP1. The reduction in MKP1 expression occurred at a posttranscriptional level and was blocked by the proteasome inhibitor MG132, whereas that CPT-induced downregulation of MKP1 was not due to proteasome-mediated degradation. Treatment of HCT116 cells with CPT induced a sustained activation of nuclear ERK, which was required for CPT-induced apoptosis. P38 and JNK activity were unaffected by CPT, suggesting that the effects of CPT are mediated specifically by ERK. These results suggest that targeting dual-specificity MAPK phosphatases in colon cancer cells may be a viable strategy for optimizing camptothecin-based therapeutic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyoung Lee
- Division of Radiation Effect; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul, Korea
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Tang Q, Wu W, Xu X, Huang L, Gao Q, Chen H, Sun H, Xia Y, Sha J, Wang X, Chen D, Xu Q. miR-141 contributes to fetal growth restriction by regulating PLAG1 expression. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58737. [PMID: 23554918 PMCID: PMC3598866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is an important but poorly understood condition of pregnancy, which results in significant fetal, neonatal and long-term morbidity and mortality. Novel research has suggested that altered miRNA expression in the plasma and placenta is associated with adverse pregnancy. We hypothesized that aberrant expression of microRNA-141 (miR-141) in the placenta is associated with FGR. Additionally, expression levels of predicted target genes of miR-141 were also analyzed in placental tissues of FGR and normal controls. Methodology/Principal Findings Using quantitative real time PCR, we analyzed the expression level of miR-141 and its target genes in placentas of FGR pregnancies (n = 21) and normal controls (n = 34). Western blot was used to detect the protein expression level of the target genes of miR-141. MiR-141 showed significant up regulation in FGR and significant down regulation of its targets, i.e. E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) protein, pleiomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) mRNA and protein. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between PLAG1 and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) expression levels (Spearman r = 0.56, p<0.0001). MiR-141 yields an AUC of 0.83 with 88.5% sensitivity and 71.7% specificity for separating FGR from normal controls. This study indicates that miR-141 may be diagnostically important in FGR. Conclusions/Significance Our results indicate that aberrant high expression level of miR-141 might play important roles in the pathogenesis of FGR by suppressing E2F3 and PLAG1. We propose that miR-141 may participate in a miR-141-PLAG1-IGF2 network relating to FGR development. These findings may provide new targets via miR-141 in diagnosis and therapy of FGR in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqin Tang
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huijuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahao Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Daozhen Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Hospital for Maternal and Child Health Care, Wuxi, China
- * E-mail:
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O'Connell BA, Moritz KM, Walker DW, Dickinson H. Sexually dimorphic placental development throughout gestation in the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus). Placenta 2012; 34:119-26. [PMID: 23260227 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It has been hypothesized that male fetuses down regulate placental growth during periods of accelerated fetal growth. We aimed to investigate this, and determine whether sexual dimorphism was apparent in the spiny mouse placenta. We hypothesized that expression of fetal growth promoters would be higher in placentas of males, whereas genes involved in placental structural development would be more highly expressed in placentas of females. METHODS Spiny mouse dams, a precocial rodent with an in utero endocrine milieu dissimilar from other rodents, but akin to humans, were sacrificed at gestational ages 15-37 (term = 39 days). Placentas were collected and processed for histology or qPCR analysis of selected genes (GCM1, MAP2K1, SLC2A1, NR3C1, IGF1, IGF1R). RESULTS Fetal and placental weights were similar for both sexes. Placentas of female fetuses had less spongy zone (P(SEX) < 0.0001), and more labyrinth (P(SEX) < 0.0001) than males. Early placenta and labyrinth expression of SLC2A1 was higher in males than females (P(SEX) < 0.05). Labyrinthine IGF1R remained constant until term in the female, compared with male where expression increased until term. Peak MAP2K1 expression occurred earlier in the male placenta than the female. Spongy zone SLC2A1 remained constant until term in the female, compared with male where expression increased until term. CONCLUSIONS The spiny mouse is a species that exhibits sexually dimorphic placental development. We suggest that these sex differences in placental gene expression and structure may underlie or compound the male vulnerability to a sub-optimal in utero environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A O'Connell
- The Ritchie Centre, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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30
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Johnstone SR, Billaud M, Lohman AW, Taddeo EP, Isakson BE. Posttranslational modifications in connexins and pannexins. J Membr Biol 2012; 245:319-32. [PMID: 22739962 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-012-9453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modification is a common cellular process that is used by cells to ensure a particular protein function. This can happen in a variety of ways, e.g., from the addition of phosphates or sugar residues to a particular amino acid, ensuring proper protein life cycle and function. In this review, we assess the evidence for ubiquitination, glycosylation, phosphorylation, S-nitrosylation as well as other modifications in connexins and pannexin proteins. Based on the literature, we find that posttranslational modifications are an important component of connexin and pannexin regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Johnstone
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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31
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Wanachewin O, Boonmaleerat K, Pothacharoen P, Reutrakul V, Kongtawelert P. Sesamin stimulates osteoblast differentiation through p38 and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:71. [PMID: 22646286 PMCID: PMC3488317 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a worldwide health problem predominantly affecting post-menopausal women. Therapies aimed at increasing bone mass in osteoporetic patients lag behind comparable investigation of therapeutic strategies focusing on the bone resorption process. Sesamin, a major lignan compound found in Sesamun indicum Linn., has a variety of pharmacological effects, though its activity on bone cell function is unclear. Herein we examine the effect of this lignan on osteoblast differentiation and function. METHOD Cell cytotoxicity and proliferative in hFOB1.19 were examined by MTT and alamar blue assay up to 96 h of treatment. Gene expression of COL1, ALP, BMP-2, Runx2, OC, RANKL and OPG were detected after 24 h of sesamin treatment. ALP activity was measured at day 7, 14 and 21 of cultured. For mineralized assay, ADSCs were cultured in the presence of osteogenic media supplement with or without sesamin for 21 days and then stained with Alizarin Red S. MAPK signaling pathway activation was observed by using western blotting. RESULTS Sesamin promoted the gene expression of COL1, ALP, OCN, BMP-2 and Runx2 in hFOB1.19. On the other hand, sesamin was able to up-regulate OPG and down-regulate RANKL gene expression. ALP activity also significantly increased after sesamin treatment. Interestingly, sesamin induced formation of mineralized nodules in adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) as observed by Alizarin Red S staining; this implies that sesamin has anabolic effects both on progenitor and committed cell stages of osteoblasts. Western blotting data showed that sesamin activated phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 in hFOB1.19. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that sesamin has the ability to trigger osteoblast differentiation by activation of the p38 and ERK MAPK signaling pathway and possibly indirectly regulate osteoclast development via the expression of OPG and RANKL in osteoblasts. Therefore, sesamin may be a promising phytochemical that could be developed for supplementation of osteoporotic therapy.
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Charron J, Bissonauth V, Nadeau V. Implication of MEK1 and MEK2 in the establishment of the blood-placenta barrier during placentogenesis in mouse. Reprod Biomed Online 2012; 25:58-67. [PMID: 22561024 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2012.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The ERK/MAPK signalling cascade is involved in many cellular functions. In mice, the targeted ablation of genes coding for members of this pathway is often associated with embryonic death due to the abnormal development of the placenta. The placenta is essential for nutritional and gaseous exchanges between maternal and embryonic circulations, as well as for the elimination of metabolic waste. These exchanges occur without direct contact between the two circulations. In mice, the blood-placenta barrier consists of a triple layer of trophoblast cells adjacent to endothelial cells from the embryo. In the ERK/MAPK cascade, MEK1 and MEK2 are dual-specificity kinases responsible for the activation of the ERK1 and ERK2 kinases. Inactivation of Mek1 causes placental malformations resulting from defective proliferation and differentiation of the labyrinthine trophoblast cells and leading to a severe delay in the development and the vascularization of the placenta, which explains the embryonic death. Although Mek2(-/-) mutants survive without any apparent phenotype, a large proportion of Mek1(+/-)Mek2(+/-) double heterozygous mutants die during gestation from placenta anomalies affecting the establishment of the blood-placenta barrier. Together, these data reveal how crucial is the role of the ERK/MAPK pathway during the formation of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Charron
- Centre de recherche en cancérologie de l'Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Canada.
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33
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Cisplatin regulates the MAPK kinase pathway to induce increased expression of DNA repair gene ERCC1 and increase melanoma chemoresistance. Oncogene 2011; 31:2412-22. [PMID: 21996734 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of malignant melanoma is growing rapidly worldwide and there is still no effective therapy for metastatic disease. Melanoma is the second most common cancer among young adults in the UK, where incidence rates have more than quadrupled since the 1970s. Increased expression of a number of DNA repair genes has been reported in melanoma and this likely contributes to its extreme resistance to conventional DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics. One such chemotherapeutic that is effective against a range of other cancers, but not melanoma, is cisplatin. The DNA repair proteins ERCC1 and XPF are needed to remove cisplatin-induced DNA damage and we have investigated the response of these proteins to cisplatin in melanoma. The expression of both genes is induced by cisplatin. Use of a MEK inhibitor showed that ERCC1, but not XPF induction was regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, with reduction in expression of DUSP6, the phosphatase that inactivates the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), being particularly important. DUSP6 overexpression prevented cisplatin induction of both ERCC1 and XPF, resulting in increased sensitivity to cisplatin. A novel ERCC1 mRNA was found that initiated upstream of the normal transcription initiation site, and was strongly regulated by both cisplatin and the MAPK pathway and its role in cisplatin resistance merits further study. The cisplatin induction of ERCC1 and XPF provides important insights into the resistance of melanoma to DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics, which is one of the major obstacles to melanoma treatment.
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Molekulardiagnostik zur Therapiestratifizierung des Lungenkarzinoms. Internist (Berl) 2011; 52:146, 148-50, 152-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s00108-010-2698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Chen W, Wang X, Deng C, Lv X, Fan Y, Men J, Liang C, Yu X. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel ras-related protein (rap2) from Clonorchis sinensis. Parasitol Res 2010; 108:1021-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu N, Enkemann SA, Liang P, Hersmus R, Zanazzi C, Huang J, Wu C, Chen Z, Looijenga LHJ, Keefe DL, Liu L. Genome-wide gene expression profiling reveals aberrant MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways associated with early parthenogenesis. J Mol Cell Biol 2010; 2:333-44. [PMID: 20926514 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjq029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian parthenogenesis could not survive but aborted during mid-gestation, presumably because of lack of paternal gene expression. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the failure of parthenogenesis at early stages of development, we performed global gene expression profiling and functional analysis of parthenogenetic blastocysts in comparison with those of blastocysts from normally fertilized embryos. Parthenogenetic blastocysts exhibited changes in the expression of 749 genes, of which 214 had lower expression and 535 showed higher expressions than fertilized embryos using a minimal 1.8-fold change as a cutoff. Genes important for placenta development were decreased in their expression in parthenote blastocysts. Some maternally expressed genes were up-regulated and paternal-related genes were down-regulated. Moreover, aberrantly increased Wnt signaling and reduced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling were associated with early parthenogenesis. The protein level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) was low in parthenogenetic blastocysts compared with that of fertilized blastocysts 120 h after fertilization. 6-Bromoindirubin-3'-oxime, a specific glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor, significantly decreased embryo hatching. The expression of several imprinted genes was altered in parthenote blastocysts. Gene expression also linked reduced expression of Xist to activation of X chromosome. Our findings suggest that failed X inactivation, aberrant imprinting, decreased ERK/MAPK signaling and possibly elevated Wnt signaling, and reduced expression of genes for placental development collectively may contribute to abnormal placenta formation and failed fetal development in parthenogenetic embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lenormand
- Centre de Biochimie-CNRS UMR 134, Université de Nice, Parc Valrose, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France
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38
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Lin Q, Zhu F, Yang W. Coupling cellular mitogenesis to apoptosis by designed biomolecules. Cell Signal 2010; 22:190-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2009] [Accepted: 09/06/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Heukamp LC, Büttner R. [Molecular diagnostics in lung carcinoma for therapy stratification]. DER PATHOLOGE 2009; 31:22-8. [PMID: 19997736 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-009-1241-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common tumor-related cause of death in western industrialized countries, despite continuous improvement in both diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in 80% of cases of non-small cell lung carcinoma, mediating important carcinogenic properties such as cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, angiogenesis and metastasis, it is considered a relevant target in novel specific therapies. This has lead to the development of the low-molecular EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) Gefitinib and Erlotinib. Predicting which patients will respond to an EGFR-targeted therapy is of particular clinical interest. Recent studies show a significantly better response and prolonged progression-free survival in patients with EGFR-mutated tumors, even when used as first-line therapy. Moreover, genetic mutations which correlate to primary EGFR-TKI resistance (e.g. KRAS) or produce secondary resistance to known TKI (e.g. EGFR mutation T790 M or MET amplification) have meanwhile been explained. Predictive diagnosis of these mutations using histological material is becoming increasingly important for patient stratification and will soon be indispensable not only for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Heukamp
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, Bonn, Germany.
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Crow T, Xue-Bian JJ. Proteomic analysis of post-translational modifications in conditioned Hermissenda. Neuroscience 2009; 165:1182-90. [PMID: 19961907 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.11.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of proteins are a major determinant of biological function. Phosphorylation of proteins involved in signal transduction contributes to the induction and maintenance of several examples of cellular and synaptic plasticity. In this study we have identified phosphoproteins regulated by Pavlovian conditioning in lysates of Hermissenda nervous systems using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) in conjunction with (32)P labeling, fluorescence based phosphoprotein in-gel staining, and mass spectrometry. Modification of protein phosphorylation regulated by conditioning was first assessed by densitometric analysis of (32)P labeled proteins resolved by 2DE from lysates of conditioned and pseudorandom control nervous systems. An independent assessment of phosphorylation regulated by conditioning was obtained from an examination of 2D gels stained with Pro-Q Diamond phosphoprotein dye. Mass spectrometric analysis of protein digests from phosphoprotein stained analytical gels or Coomassie Blue stained preparative gels provided for the identification of phosphoproteins that exhibited statistically significant increased phosphorylation in conditioned groups as compared to pseudorandom controls. A previously identified cytoskeletal related protein, Csp24 (24 kDa conditioned stimulus pathway phosphoprotein), involved in intermediate-term memory exhibited significantly increased phosphorylation detected 24 h post-conditioning. Our results show that proteins involved in diverse cellular functions such as transcriptional regulation, cell signaling, cytoskeletal regulation, metabolic activity, and protein degradation contribute to long-term post-translational modifications associated with Pavlovian conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Crow
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Fahrenholz M, Real R, Küken A, Saxena A, Orzechowski HD. Single low-dose administration of pharmacological inhibitor of mitogen-activated ERK kinase to the adventitia of the injured rat carotid artery suppresses neointima formation and inhibits nuclear ERK signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 617:90-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2009] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nadeau V, Guillemette S, Bélanger LF, Jacob O, Roy S, Charron J. Map2k1 and Map2k2 genes contribute to the normal development of syncytiotrophoblasts during placentation. Development 2009; 136:1363-74. [PMID: 19304888 DOI: 10.1242/dev.031872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian genome contains two ERK/MAP kinase kinase genes, Map2k1 and Map2k2, which encode dual-specificity kinases responsible for ERK/MAP kinase activation. In the mouse, loss of Map2k1 function causes embryonic lethality, whereas Map2k2 mutants survive with a normal lifespan, suggesting that Map2k1 masks the phenotype due to the Map2k2 mutation. To uncover the specific function of MAP2K2 and the threshold requirement of MAP2K proteins during embryo formation, we have successively ablated the Map2k gene functions. We report here that Map2k2 haploinsufficiency affects the normal development of placenta in the absence of one Map2k1 allele. Most Map2k1(+/-)Map2k2(+/-) embryos die during gestation because of placenta defects restricted to extra-embryonic tissues. The impaired viability of Map2k1(+/-)Map2k2(+/-) embryos can be rescued when the Map2k1 deletion is restricted to the embryonic tissues. The severity of the placenta phenotype is dependent on the number of Map2k mutant alleles, the deletion of the Map2k1 allele being more deleterious. Moreover, the deletion of one or both Map2k2 alleles in the context of one null Map2k1 allele leads to the formation of multinucleated trophoblast giant (MTG) cells. Genetic experiments indicate that these structures are derived from Gcm1-expressing syncytiotrophoblasts (SynT), which are affected in their ability to form the uniform SynT layer II lining the maternal sinuses. Thus, even though Map2k1 plays a predominant role, these results enlighten the function of Map2k2 in placenta development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Nadeau
- Centre de recherche en cancérologie de l'Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
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Watanabe H, Kurabayashi T, Miura M. Inhibition of the extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) pathway and the induction of radioresistance in rat 3Y1 cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 80:451-7. [PMID: 15362698 DOI: 10.1080/09553000410001702355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway generally results in stimulation of cell growth and confers a survival advantage. However, the potential involvement of this pathway in cellular radiosensitivity remains unclear. The study was designed to examine whether the ERK pathway affects intrinsic radiosensitivity in mammalian cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Exponentially growing rat 3Y1 cells were used. A specific inhibitor of mitogen-activated ERK kinase (MEK), PD98059, was used to inhibit the ERK pathway. In addition, kinase-deficient MEK was expressed in cells to inhibit the pathway in a dominant-negative manner. Activation of ERK was visualized by Western blot using an antibody that recognizes the phosphorylated form of ERK. Radiosensitivity was evaluated by a colony-forming assay. RESULTS 3Y1 cells treated with PD98059 exhibited a significant inhibition of cell proliferation and radiation-induced transient activation of ERK. Unexpectedly, it was found that the inhibitor enhanced clonogenic radioresistance. This effect on radioresistance was confirmed by expression of kinase-deficient MEK. Apoptotic activities following irradiation were significantly inhibited in PD98059-treated cells as determined by caspase-3-like activities. CONCLUSION Activation of the MEK/ERK pathway increases clonogenic radiosensitivity in rat 3Y1 cells. These findings, together with a variety of other data, suggest that there might be clinical implications in targeting the MEK/ERK pathway in radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Watanabe
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Molecular Diagnosis and Therapeutics, Department of Oral Restitution, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan
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Abstract
Vertebrate gap junctions, composed of proteins from the connexin gene family, play critical roles in embryonic development, co-ordinated contraction of excitable cells, tissue homoeostasis, normal cell growth and differentiation. Phosphorylation of connexin43, the most abundant and ubiquitously expressed connexin, has been implicated in the regulation of gap junctional communication at several stages of the connexin 'life cycle', including hemichannel oligomerization, export of the protein to the plasma membrane, hemichannel activity, gap junction assembly, gap junction channel gating and connexin degradation. Consistent with a short (1-5 h) protein half-life, connexin43 phosphorylation is dynamic and changes in response to activation of many different kinases. The present review assesses our current understanding of the effects of phosphorylation on connexin43 structure and function that in turn regulate gap junction biology, with an emphasis on events occurring in heart and skin.
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Zimmer S, Kahl P, Buhl TM, Steiner S, Wardelmann E, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Buettner R, Heukamp LC. Epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in non-small cell lung cancer influence downstream Akt, MAPK and Stat3 signaling. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 135:723-30. [PMID: 19002495 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-008-0509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been linked to activating mutations in the EGFR gene. So far these mutations have been extensively characterized in established cell lines. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of EGFR mutations on downstream signaling in human tumor specimens. METHODS We have looked for mutations of the EGFR gene in specimens of 67 patients with NSCLC and correlated these with EGFR phosphorylation and the activity of its three main downstream signaling cascades Akt, MAPK and Stat3 by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We show that the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues 922 and 1173, but not 1068, are primarily affected by the activating EGFR mutations. Akt activity was significantly higher in patients with EGFR mutations but we found no difference in Stat3 or MAPK phosphorylation. Our results suggest that EGFR mutations not only increase receptor activity, but also alter responses of downstream signaling cascades in human NSCLCs and that these finding differ from results obtained in cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zimmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, Bonn, Germany
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The anti-apoptotic activity associated with phosphatidylinositol transfer protein α activates the MAPK and Akt/PKB pathway. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2008; 1783:1700-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2008.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2007] [Revised: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sato KI. Signal transduction of fertilization in frog eggs and anti-apoptotic mechanism in human cancer cells: common and specific functions of membrane microdomains. Open Biochem J 2008; 2:49-59. [PMID: 18949075 PMCID: PMC2570554 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x00802010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane microdomains or lipid/membrane rafts are distinct areas on the plasma membranes, where a specific subset of lipids (e.g. cholesterol, sphingolipids) and proteins (e.g. glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, growth factor receptor/kinases) are getting together and functioning for several aspects of cellular functions. Our recent investigation has revealed that fertilization of African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis, requires cholesterol-dependent nature of egg membrane microdomains. Moreover, fertilization of Xenopus eggs involves proteolytic cleavage of the extracellular part and subsequent phosphorylation of a cytoplasmic tyrosine residue of uroplakin III, an egg membrane microdomain-associated protein. Protease activity toward uroplakin III seems to be derived from fertilizing sperm, while phosphorylation of uroplakin III seems to be catalyzed by the egg tyrosine kinase Src, whose activation is required for cytoplasmic rearrangement of fertilized eggs; so-called 'egg activation'. Therefore, it is assumed that uroplakin III serves an integral part of signal transduction in fertilization of Xenopus. Our more recent study on human cancer cells has revealed that a similar but distinct scheme of signal transduction operates in anti-apoptotic growth of cells. Namely, in human bladder carcinoma cells, cooperation of uroplakin III and Src, both of which localize to the membrane microdomains, allows cells to escape from apoptotic cell death and proliferate under culture conditions deprived of serum. In this review, I briefly introduce about biology of fertilization and cancer, and then present and discuss our experimental data on general importance and specific features of membrane microdomains in Xenopus fertilization and anti-apoptosis in human bladder carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Sato
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan.
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Lee B, Lee SJ, Park SS, Kim SK, Kim SR, Jung JH, Kim WJ, Moon SK. Sanguinarine-induced G1-phase arrest of the cell cycle results from increased p27KIP1 expression mediated via activation of the Ras/ERK signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2008; 471:224-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2007] [Revised: 01/12/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tomasiak MM, Tomasiak M, Zietkowski Z, Skiepko R, Bodzenta-Lukaszyk A. N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase activity in asthma. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2008; 146:133-7. [PMID: 18204279 DOI: 10.1159/000113516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 10/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase (beta-hex) is a lysosomal hydrolase, which is selectively secreted into the extracellular space by inflammatory cells. The aim of our study was to assess the activity of beta-hex in the plasma of asthmatic patients, and to establish whether it correlates with asthma severity and airway inflammation. METHODS The study was conducted in a group of 46 asthmatic patients and 13 healthy volunteers. All study participants underwent analysis of exhaled nitric oxide and flow-volume spirometry. beta-hex activity, peripheral blood eosinophils, total serum IgE and eosinophil cationic protein were analyzed in blood samples from all asthmatic patients and healthy volunteers. RESULTS beta-hex activity was significantly higher in patients with severe or moderate asthma compared with healthy volunteers and was positively correlated with exhaled nitric oxide levels and serum eosinophil cationic protein in these groups of patients. There was no correlation between beta-hex activity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s, blood eosinophil count or total serum IgE in these groups of asthmatics. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that beta-hex could take part in airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. Our study is the first report in which the elevated activity of beta-hex in subjects with asthma has been observed. However, more studies are needed to establish the precise role of this enzyme in asthma in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Magdalena Tomasiak
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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50
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Abstract
The current understanding of how receptors diffuse and cluster in the plasma membrane is limited. Data from single-particle tracking and laser tweezer experiments have suggested that membrane molecule diffusion is affected by the presence of barriers dividing the membrane into corrals. Here, we have developed a stochastic spatial model to simulate the effect of corrals on the diffusion of molecules in the plasma membrane. The results of this simulation confirm that a fence barrier (the ratio of the transition probability for diffusion across a boundary to that within a corral) on the order of 10(3)-10(4) recreates the experimentally measured difference in diffusivity between artificial and natural plasma membranes. An expression for the macroscopic diffusivity of receptors on corralled membranes is derived to analyze the effects of the corral parameters on diffusion rate. We also examine whether the lattice model is an appropriate description of the plasma membrane and look at three different sets of boundary conditions that describe diffusion over the barriers and whether diffusion events on the plasma membrane may occur with a physically relevant length scale. Finally, we show that to observe anomalous (two-timescale) diffusion, one needs high temporal (microsecond) resolution along with sufficiently long (more than milliseconds) trajectories.
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