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Jacquier EF, Kassis A, Marcu D, Contractor N, Hong J, Hu C, Kuehn M, Lenderink C, Rajgopal A. Phytonutrients in the promotion of healthspan: a new perspective. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1409339. [PMID: 39070259 PMCID: PMC11272662 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1409339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering a growing, aging population, the need for interventions to improve the healthspan in aging are tantamount. Diet and nutrition are important determinants of the aging trajectory. Plant-based diets that provide bioactive phytonutrients may contribute to offsetting hallmarks of aging and reducing the risk of chronic disease. Researchers now advocate moving toward a positive model of aging which focuses on the preservation of functional abilities, rather than an emphasis on the absence of disease. This narrative review discusses the modulatory effect of nutrition on aging, with an emphasis on promising phytonutrients, and their potential to influence cellular, organ and functional parameters in aging. The literature is discussed against the backdrop of a recent conceptual framework which describes vitality, intrinsic capacity and expressed capacities in aging. This aims to better elucidate the role of phytonutrients on vitality and intrinsic capacity in aging adults. Such a review contributes to this new scientific perspective-namely-how nutrition might help to preserve functional abilities in aging, rather than purely offsetting the risk of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diana Marcu
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jina Hong
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
| | - Chun Hu
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
| | - Marissa Kuehn
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
| | | | - Arun Rajgopal
- Amway Innovation and Science, Ada, MI, United States
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2
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Ramos Junior OJF, Tavares IRG, Lima RC, Conte-Junior CA, Alvares TS. Jaboticaba berry ( Myrciaria jaboticaba) supplementation protects against micro- and macrovascular dysfunction induced by eccentric exercise: a randomized clinical trial. Food Funct 2024; 15:7148-7160. [PMID: 38888158 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo01907e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Physical activities that are unaccustomed and involve eccentric muscle contractions have been demonstrated to temporarily impair macrovascular and microvascular functions, which may be caused by exercise-induced oxidative stress. Jaboticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) is a famous Brazilian berry that has been described to exhibit high antioxidant activity. However, no human study has investigated the protective effects of jaboticaba consumption against the vascular damage induced by eccentric exercise. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess whether supplementation with jaboticaba berry juice could positively affect macro- and microvascular functions within 48 hours after eccentric exercise. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial enrolled 24 healthy participants consuming 250 mL per day of jaboticaba berry juice (containing ∼1,300 mg of total polyphenols) or placebo for 6 days. At the baseline, pre-exercise, and 24 h and 48 h postexercise stages, blood samples were taken for analysis of reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), blood flow, and tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) responses to 5-minute cuff occlusion were assessed using Doppler ultrasound and near-infrared spectroscopy, respectively. Our findings revealed significant decreases in blood GSH (P < 0.001, ES = 0.76), FMD (P = 0.005, ES = 0.48), reperfusion slope of StO2 (P = 0.018, ES = 0.42) at 24 h and blood flow (P = 0.012, ES = 0.42) at 48 h following eccentric exercise in the control group as compared to the jaboticaba berry juice group. Our results demonstrated that jaboticaba berry juice prevented the exercise-induced increase in reactive oxygen species production and protected macro- and microvascular functions against the damage caused by eccentric exercise, suggesting that jaboticaba berry consumption could protect the vascular function under conditions of imbalance in redox homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olavo João Frederico Ramos Junior
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
| | - Isabela Ribeiro Grangeira Tavares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
| | - Rayssa Cruz Lima
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Silveira Alvares
- Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil.
- Food and Nutrition Institute, Multidisciplinary Center UFRJ-Macaé, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Macaé city, Brazil
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3
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Domínguez-López I, López-Yerena A, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Pallàs M, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Pérez M. From the gut to the brain: the long journey of phenolic compounds with neurocognitive effects. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae034. [PMID: 38687609 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is a complex community of micro-organisms that play a crucial role in maintaining overall health. Recent research has shown that gut microbes also have a profound impact on brain function and cognition, leading to the concept of the gut-brain axis. One way in which the gut microbiota can influence the brain is through the bioconversion of polyphenols to other bioactive molecules. Phenolic compounds are a group of natural plant metabolites widely available in the human diet, which have anti-inflammatory and other positive effects on health. Recent studies have also suggested that some gut microbiota-derived phenolic metabolites may have neurocognitive effects, such as improving memory and cognitive function. The specific mechanisms involved are still being studied, but it is believed that phenolic metabolites may modulate neurotransmitter signaling, reduce inflammation, and enhance neural plasticity. Therefore, to exert a protective effect on neurocognition, dietary polyphenols or their metabolites must reach the brain, or act indirectly by producing an increase in bioactive molecules such as neurotransmitters. Once ingested, phenolic compounds are subjected to various processes (eg, metabolization by gut microbiota, absorption, distribution) before they cross the blood-brain barrier, perhaps the most challenging stage of their trajectory. Understanding the role of phenolic compounds in the gut-brain axis has important implications for the development of new therapeutic strategies for neurological and psychiatric disorders. By targeting the gut microbiota and its production of phenolic metabolites, it may be possible to improve brain function and prevent cognitive decline. In this article, the current state of knowledge on the endogenous generation of phenolic metabolites by the gut microbiota and how these compounds can reach the brain and exert neurocognitive effects was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Domínguez-López
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anallely López-Yerena
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section and Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Pérez
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science, and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Longtine AG, Greenberg NT, Bernaldo de Quirós Y, Brunt VE. The gut microbiome as a modulator of arterial function and age-related arterial dysfunction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H986-H1005. [PMID: 38363212 PMCID: PMC11279790 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00764.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The arterial system is integral to the proper function of all other organs and tissues. Arterial function is impaired with aging, and arterial dysfunction contributes to the development of numerous age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. The gut microbiome has emerged as an important regulator of both normal host physiological function and impairments in function with aging. The purpose of this review is to summarize more recently published literature demonstrating the role of the gut microbiome in supporting normal arterial development and function and in modulating arterial dysfunction with aging in the absence of overt disease. The gut microbiome can be altered due to a variety of exposures, including physiological aging processes. We explore mechanisms by which the gut microbiome may contribute to age-related arterial dysfunction, with a focus on changes in various gut microbiome-related compounds in circulation. In addition, we discuss how modulating circulating levels of these compounds may be a viable therapeutic approach for improving artery function with aging. Finally, we identify and discuss various experimental considerations and research gaps/areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail G Longtine
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Nathan T Greenberg
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Yara Bernaldo de Quirós
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Instituto Universitario de Sanidad Animal y Seguridad Alimentaria, Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Vienna E Brunt
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States
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5
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Hu J, Mesnage R, Tuohy K, Heiss C, Rodriguez-Mateos A. (Poly)phenol-related gut metabotypes and human health: an update. Food Funct 2024; 15:2814-2835. [PMID: 38414364 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04338j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Dietary (poly)phenols have received great interest due to their potential role in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases. In recent years, a high inter-individual variability in the biological response to (poly)phenols has been demonstrated, which could be related to the high variability in (poly)phenol gut microbial metabolism existing within individuals. An interplay between (poly)phenols and the gut microbiota exists, with (poly)phenols being metabolised by the gut microbiota and their metabolites modulating gut microbiota diversity and composition. A number of (poly)phenol metabolising phenotypes or metabotypes have been proposed, however, potential metabotypes for most (poly)phenols have not been investigated, and the relationship between metabotypes and human health remains ambiguous. This review presents updated knowledge on the reciprocal interaction between (poly)phenols and the gut microbiome, associated gut metabotypes, and subsequent impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Hu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Robin Mesnage
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
- Buchinger Wilhelmi Clinic, Überlingen, Germany
| | - Kieran Tuohy
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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6
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Najjar RS, Roy RK, Stern JE, Feresin RG. Raspberry polyphenols target molecular pathways of heart failure. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109535. [PMID: 37984734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 650,000 new cases of heart failure (HF) are diagnosed annually with a 50% five-year mortality rate. HF is characterized by reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and hypertrophy of the LV wall. The pathophysiological remodeling of the heart is mediated by increased oxidative stress and inflammation. Raspberries are rich in polyphenols which may favorably impact enzymes involved in redox homeostasis while also targeting inflammatory signaling. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate whether raspberry polyphenols could attenuate HF. Sprague Dawley rats consumed a 10% (w/w) raspberry diet for 7 weeks. At week 3, HF was surgically induced via coronary artery ligation. Hemodynamics and morphology of the heart were assessed. Expression of cardiac proteins involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and remodeling were examined, and histological analysis was conducted. Additionally, human cardiomyocytes were treated with raspberry polyphenol extract (RBPE) followed by CoCl2 to chemically induce hypoxia. Redox status, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction were measured. Raspberries attenuated reductions in cardiac function and reduced morphological changes which coincided with reduced toll-like receptor (TLR)4 signaling. Reductions in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and remodeling occurred in vivo. Incubation of cardiomyocytes with RBPE attenuated CoCl2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis despite pronounced hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression. These data indicate that consumption of raspberries can reduce the underlying molecular drivers of HF; thus, leading to the observed improvements in cardiac functional capacity and morphology. This dietary strategy may be an effective alternative strategy for treating HF. However, further investigation into alternative models of HF is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ranjan K Roy
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Javier E Stern
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rafaela G Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Center for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Department of Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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7
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Pinaffi-Langley ACDC, Dajani RM, Prater MC, Nguyen HVM, Vrancken K, Hays FA, Hord NG. Dietary Nitrate from Plant Foods: A Conditionally Essential Nutrient for Cardiovascular Health. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100158. [PMID: 38008359 PMCID: PMC10776916 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Under specific conditions, such as catabolic stress or systemic inflammation, endogenous nutrient production becomes insufficient and exogenous supplementation (for example, through dietary intake) is required. Herein, we propose consideration of a dietary nitrate from plant foods as a conditionally essential nutrient for cardiovascular health based on its role in nitric oxide homeostasis. Nitrate derived from plant foods may function as a conditionally essential nutrient, whereas nitrate obtained from other dietary sources, such as drinking water and cured/processed meats, warrants separate consideration because of the associated health risks. We have surveyed the literature and summarized epidemiological evidence regarding the effect of dietary nitrate on cardiovascular disease and risk factors. Meta-analyses and population-based observational studies have consistently demonstrated an inverse association of dietary nitrate with blood pressure and cardiovascular disease outcomes. Considering the available evidence, we suggest 2 different approaches to providing dietary guidance on nitrate from plant-based dietary sources as a nutrient: the Dietary Reference Intakes developed by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, and the dietary guidelines evaluated by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Ultimately, this proposal underscores the need for food-based dietary guidelines to capture the complex and context-dependent relationships between nutrients, particularly dietary nitrate, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara da C Pinaffi-Langley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Rosa M Dajani
- Nutrition and Food Services, San Francisco Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - M Catherine Prater
- Department of Foods and Nutrition, Dawson Hall, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Hoang Van M Nguyen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | | | - Franklin A Hays
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Norman G Hord
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States; Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Education and Human Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States.
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8
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Zuelch ML, Radtke MD, Holt RR, Basu A, Burton-Freeman B, Ferruzzi MG, Li Z, Shay NF, Shukitt-Hale B, Keen CL, Steinberg FM, Hackman RM. Perspective: Challenges and Future Directions in Clinical Research with Nuts and Berries. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1005-1028. [PMID: 37536565 PMCID: PMC10509432 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of nuts and berries are considered part of a healthy eating pattern. Nuts and berries contain a complex nutrient profile consisting of essential vitamins and minerals, fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phenolics in quantities that improve physiological outcomes. The spectrum of health outcomes that may be impacted by the consumptions of nuts and berries includes cardiovascular, gut microbiome, and cognitive, among others. Recently, new insights regarding the bioactive compounds found in both nuts and berries have reinforced their role for use in precision nutrition efforts. However, challenges exist that can affect the generalizability of outcomes from clinical studies, including inconsistency in study designs, homogeneity of test populations, variability in test products and control foods, and assessing realistic portion sizes. Future research centered on precision nutrition and multi-omics technologies will yield new insights. These and other topics such as funding streams and perceived risk-of-bias were explored at an international nutrition conference focused on the role of nuts and berries in clinical nutrition. Successes, challenges, and future directions with these foods are presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Zuelch
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Marcela D Radtke
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Roberta R Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Britt Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Zhaoping Li
- UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neil F Shay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Barbara Shukitt-Hale
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Carl L Keen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | | | - Robert M Hackman
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
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9
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Satheesh Babu AK, Srinivasan H, Anandh Babu PV. Breaking bugs: gut microbes metabolize dietary components and modulate vascular health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37651204 PMCID: PMC10902197 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2251616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota modulates host physiology and pathophysiology through the production of microbial metabolites. Diet is a crucial factor in shaping the microbiome, and gut microbes interact with the host by producing beneficial or detrimental diet-derived microbial metabolites. Evidence from our lab and others indicates that the interaction between diet and gut microbes plays a pivotal role in modulating vascular health. Diet-derived microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and metabolites of phenolic acids improve vascular health, whereas trimethylamine oxide and certain amino acid-derived microbial metabolites impair the vasculature. These metabolites have been shown to regulate blood pressure, vascular inflammation, and atherosclerosis by acting on multiple targets. Nonetheless, there are substantial gaps in knowledge within this field. The microbial enzymes essential for the production of diet-derived metabolites, the role of the food matrix in regulating the bioavailability of metabolites, and the structure-activity relationships between metabolites and biomolecules in the vasculature are largely unknown. Potential diet-derived metabolites to improve vascular health can be identified through future studies that investigate the causal relationship between dietary components, gut microbes, diet-derived metabolites, and vascular health by using radiolabeled compounds, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pon Velayutham Anandh Babu
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA
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10
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Mostafa H, Cheok A, Meroño T, Andres-Lacueva C, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Biomarkers of Berry Intake: Systematic Review Update. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11789-11805. [PMID: 37499164 PMCID: PMC10416351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Berries are rich in (poly)phenols, and these compounds may be beneficial to human health. Estimating berry consumption through self-reported questionnaires has been challenging due to compliance issues and a lack of precision. Estimation via food-derived biomarkers in biofluids was proposed as a complementary alternative. We aimed to review and update the existing evidence on biomarkers of intake for six different types of berries. A systematic literature search was performed to update a previous systematic review on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2020 until December 2022. Out of 42 papers, only 18 studies were eligible. A multimetabolite panel is suggested for blueberry and cranberry intake. Proposed biomarkers for blueberries include hippuric acid and malvidin glycosides. For cranberries, suggested biomarkers are glycosides of peonidin and cyanidin together with sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of phenyl-γ-valerolactone derivatives. No new metabolite candidates have been found for raspberries, strawberries, blackcurrants, and blackberries. Further studies are encouraged to validate these multimetabolite panels for improving the estimation of berry consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Mostafa
- Biomarkers
and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences
and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA),
Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento
Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Alex Cheok
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences,
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s
College London, 150 Stamford
Street, SE1 9NH London, U.K.
| | - Tomás Meroño
- Biomarkers
and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences
and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA),
Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento
Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers
and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences
and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA),
Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro
de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento
Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences,
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s
College London, 150 Stamford
Street, SE1 9NH London, U.K.
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11
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Heiss C, Rodriguez-Mateos A, Bapir M, Skene SS, Sies H, Kelm M. Flow-mediated dilation reference values for evaluation of endothelial function and cardiovascular health. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:283-293. [PMID: 35709326 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Endothelial function is essential for cardiovascular health, and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is an established technique to measure it. This paper aims to assess FMD values in apparently healthy individuals and provides reference values to facilitate wider clinical use. METHODS AND RESULTS In 1,579 apparently healthy individuals (aged 18-76), fasted FMD values (data from 44 studies, 6 institutions, 22 operators) were normally distributed and inversely univariately correlated with age, body mass index, glucose, cholesterol, blood pressure, and brachial artery (BA) diameter. Significant multivariate predictors of FMD were age (-0.4%/decade), BMI (0.04%/kg/m2), smoking (-0.7%), and BA diameter (-0.44%/mm) that together explained 19% of the variability independent of operator, institution or ultrasound machine. Individuals in the high FMD tertile (>6.8%) were younger, had smaller BA diameter, lower blood pressure and cholesterol. In individuals with low- and intermediate fatal cardiovascular risk (SCORE), 26% and 53% of individuals, respectively, had FMD values in the low tertile (<5.4%). After adding data from 385 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD), ROC analysis (c = 0.841, P < 0.001) showed that FMD of >6.5% excluded CAD (95% sensitivity; 60% specificity) and FMD <3.1% excluded 95% healthy individuals (95% specificity, 31% sensitivity). A meta-analysis and meta-regression of 82 clinical trials (11 countries, n = 3,509) using similar FMD methodology showed that despite considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 0.97) FMD in healthy individuals was on average 6.4% (95%CI: 6.2%, 6.7%) with no significant differences between countries but a significant age-dependent decline (-0.3%/decade, R2 = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS We provide an age-adapted frame of FMD reference intervals in apparently healthy individuals for use as a biomarker of cardiovascular health. As the degree of vascular endothelial function integrates environmental and genetic factors with classical CV risk factors, FMD may more comprehensively classify individuals with and without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and serve as a target for cardiovascular prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heiss
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Vascular Department, Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, UK
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mariam Bapir
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Simon S Skene
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Stag Hill, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Helmut Sies
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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12
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Parilli-Moser I, Domínguez-López I, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Hurtado-Barroso S, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Urinary Phenolic Metabolites Associated with Peanut Consumption May Have a Beneficial Impact on Vascular Health Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030698. [PMID: 36978946 PMCID: PMC10045820 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds in peanuts may moderate inflammation and endothelial function. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of urinary phenolic metabolites (UPMs) with vascular biomarkers after peanut product consumption. A three-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted in 63 healthy young adults who consumed 25 g/day of skin roasted peanuts (SRP), 32 g/day of peanut butter (PB), or 32 g/day of a control butter for six months. UPMs were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Additionally, urinary eicosanoids, prostacyclin I2 (PGI2), and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) were determined using two competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Consumers of SRP and PB presented significantly higher excretion of UPMs (enterodiol glucuronide (p = 0.018 and p = 0.031), 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001), vanillic acid sulfate (p = 0.048 and p = 0.006), p-coumaric acid (p = 0.046 and p = 0.016), coumaric acid glucuronide I (p = 0.001 and p = 0.030) and II (p = 0.003 and p = 0.036), and isoferulic acid (p = 0.013 and p = 0.015) in comparison with the control group. An improvement in PGI2 (p = 0.037) levels and the TXA2:PGI2 ratio (p = 0.008) was also observed after the peanut interventions compared to the control. Interestingly, UPMs with significantly higher post-intervention levels were correlated with an improvement in vascular biomarkers, lower TXA2 (r from −0.25 to −0.48, p < 0.050) and TXA2:PGI2 ratio (r from −0.25 to −0.43, p < 0.050) and higher PGI2 (r from 0.24 to 0.36, p < 0.050). These findings suggest that the UPMs with higher excretion after peanut product consumption could have a positive impact on vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Parilli-Moser
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Domínguez-López
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Hurtado-Barroso
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences XIA, Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-403-4843
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13
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Revisiting the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols in humans: A systematic review and comprehensive data analysis. Mol Aspects Med 2023; 89:101146. [PMID: 36207170 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review summarizes findings from human studies investigating the different routes of absorption, metabolism, distribution and excretion (ADME) of dietary flavan-3-ols and their circulating metabolites in healthy subjects. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus and the Web of Science. Human intervention studies using single and/or multiple intake of flavan-3-ols from food, extracts, and pure compounds were included. Forty-nine human intervention studies met inclusion criteria. Up to 180 metabolites were quantified from blood and urine samples following intake of flavan-3-ols, mainly as phase 2 conjugates of microbial catabolites (n = 97), with phenyl-γ-valerolactones being the most representative ones (n = 34). Phase 2 conjugates of monomers and phenyl-γ-valerolactones, the main compounds in both plasma and urine, reached two peak plasma concentrations (Cmax) of 260 and 88 nmol/L at 1.8 and 5.3 h (Tmax) after flavan-3-ol intake. They contributed to the bioavailability of flavan-3-ols for over 20%. Mean bioavailability for flavan-3-ols was moderate (31 ± 23%, n bioavailability values = 20), and it seems to be scarcely affected by the amount of ingested compounds. While intra- and inter-source differences in flavan-3-ol bioavailability emerged, mean flavan-3-ol bioavailability was 82% (n = 1) and 63% (n = 2) after (-)-epicatechin and nut (hazelnuts, almonds) intake, respectively, followed by 25% after consumption of tea (n = 7), cocoa (n = 5), apples (n = 3) and grape (n = 2). This highlights the need to better clarify the metabolic yield with which monomer flavan-3-ols and proanthocyanidins are metabolized in humans. This work clarified in a comprehensive way for the first time the ADME of a (poly)phenol family, highlighting the pool of circulating compounds that might be determinants of the putative beneficial effects linked to flavan-3-ol intake. Lastly, methodological inputs for implementing well-designed human and experimental model studies were provided.
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14
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Nishimoto Y, Fujisawa K, Ukawa Y, Kudoh M, Funahashi K, Kishimoto Y, Fukuda S. Effect of urolithin A on the improvement of vascular endothelial function depends on the gut microbiota. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1077534. [PMID: 36687672 PMCID: PMC9854132 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1077534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Urolithin A (UA) is a metabolite produced by gut microbiota from ingested ellagic acid. Although the effect of ellagic acid intake on vascular endothelial function (VEF) improvement has been reported, the effect of UA intake on VEF improvement remains obscure. In addition, UA has been reported to improve the intestinal barrier function, and UA may have improved VEF by gut microbiome alteration. Objective In this study, we conducted a clinical trial to explore and analyze the effects of UA intake on vascular endothelial function (VEF) and characteristics of the intestinal environment, such as gut microbiome profiling and organic acid composition. Methods A placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, parallel group trial was conducted on participants who could metabolize small amounts of UA from ellagic acid (non-UA producers) and had relatively poor VEF. VEF was assessed using the flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) score. Participants were administered placebo, UA 10 mg/day, or UA 50 mg/day for 12 weeks. FMD was measured and fecal samples were collected at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment. Gut microbiome analysis and organic acid level measurements were performed to evaluate the effects of UA intake on the intestinal environment. This clinical trial is publicly registered at the UMIN-CTR, trial number: UMIN000042014. Results The gut microbiota of the UA 50 mg/day group showed a significant increase in alpha diversity (Faith's phylogenetic diversity). Four and nine microbial genera were significantly altered in the UA 10 mg/day and UA 50 mg/day groups, respectively (p < 0.05, not corrected). Participants whose FMD scores improved with UA intake had poor baseline FMD values as well as a low Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio. Conclusion Urolithin A intake alters the gut microbiota and improves their alpha diversity. In addition, the effect of UA on VEF correlated with the individual gut microbiota. Our results have practical implications for a new approach to providing healthcare that focuses on intestinal environment-based diet therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kota Fujisawa
- Metagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Japan,Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ukawa
- Healthcare SBU, DAICEL Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshimi Kishimoto
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Metagen Inc., Tsuruoka, Japan,Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan,Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Japan,Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan,Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Shinji Fukuda,
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15
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Tuli HS, Vashishth K, Sak K, Mohapatra RK, Dhama K, Kumar M, Abbas Z, Lata K, Yerer MB, Garg VK, Sharma AK, Kaur G. Anticancer Role of Natural Phenolic Acids by Targeting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE). ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMISTRY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2023:465-481. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-23621-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
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16
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Looi D, Moorthy M, Chaiyakunapruk N, Devi Palanisamy U. Impact of ellagitannin-rich fruit consumption on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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García‐Villalba R, Giménez‐Bastida JA, Cortés‐Martín A, Ávila‐Gálvez MÁ, Tomás‐Barberán FA, Selma MV, Espín JC, González‐Sarrías A. Urolithins: a Comprehensive Update on their Metabolism, Bioactivity, and Associated Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2101019. [PMID: 35118817 PMCID: PMC9787965 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Urolithins, metabolites produced by the gut microbiota from the polyphenols ellagitannins and ellagic acid, are discovered by the research group in humans almost 20 years ago. Pioneering research suggests urolithins as pleiotropic bioactive contributors to explain the health benefits after consuming ellagitannin-rich sources (pomegranates, walnuts, strawberries, etc.). Here, this study comprehensively updates the knowledge on urolithins, emphasizing the review of the literature published during the last 5 years. To date, 13 urolithins and their corresponding conjugated metabolites (glucuronides, sulfates, etc.) have been described and, depending on the urolithin, detected in different human fluids and tissues (urine, blood, feces, breastmilk, prostate, colon, and breast tissues). There has been a substantial advance in the research on microorganisms involved in urolithin production, along with the compositional and functional characterization of the gut microbiota associated with urolithins metabolism that gives rise to the so-called urolithin metabotypes (UM-A, UM-B, and UM-0), relevant in human health. The design of in vitro studies using physiologically relevant assay conditions (molecular forms and concentrations) is still a pending subject, making some reported urolithin activities questionable. In contrast, remarkable progress has been made in the research on the safety, bioactivity, and associated mechanisms of urolithin A, including the first human interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío García‐Villalba
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - Juan Antonio Giménez‐Bastida
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - Adrián Cortés‐Martín
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - María Ángeles Ávila‐Gálvez
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - Francisco A. Tomás‐Barberán
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - María Victoria Selma
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
| | - Antonio González‐Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food & HealthResearch Group on QualitySafety and Bioactivity of Plant FoodsCEBAS‐CSICMurciaCampus de EspinardoSpain
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18
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The Therapeutic Relevance of Urolithins, Intestinal Metabolites of Ellagitannin-Rich Food: A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173494. [PMID: 36079752 PMCID: PMC9460125 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of food rich in ellagitannins have been established to stem from its microbial metabolite, urolithin. Over the past decade, there has been a growing trend in urolithin research pertaining to its pharmacological properties. The purpose of this systematic review is to collate and synthesise all available data on urolithin’s therapeutic ability, to highlight its potential as a pharmaceutical agent, and prospective direction on future research. Methods: This systematic review was written based on the PRISMA guideline and was conducted across Ovid via Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials, and Web of Science Core Collection. Results: A total of 41 animal studies were included in this systematic review based on the appropriate keyword. The included studies highlighted the neuroprotective, anti-metabolic disorder activity, nephroprotective, myocardial protective, anti-inflammatory, and musculoskeletal protection of urolithin A, B, and its synthetic analogue methylated urolithin A. The Sirt1, AMPK, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathways were reported to be involved in the initiation of autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis by urolithin A. Conclusions: This review methodically discusses the therapeutic prospects of urolithins and provides scientific justification for the potential development of urolithin A as a potent natural mitophagy inducer for anti-ageing purposes.
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19
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Gut Microbial Signatures of Distinct Trimethylamine N-Oxide Response to Raspberry Consumption. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081656. [PMID: 35458219 PMCID: PMC9027468 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the gut microbial signatures of distinct trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) responses following raspberry consumption. Investigations were carried out in 24 subjects at risk of developing metabolic syndrome who received 280 g/day of frozen raspberries for 8 weeks. Blood and stool samples were collected at weeks 0 and 8. Inter-individual variability in plasma TMAO levels was analyzed, 7 subjects were excluded due to noninformative signals and 17 subjects were kept for analysis and further stratified according to their TMAO response. Whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing analysis was used to determine the impact of raspberry consumption on gut microbial composition. Before the intervention, the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota was significantly higher in participants whose TMAO levels increased after the intervention (p = 0.03). The delta TMAO (absolute differences of baseline and week 8 levels) was positively associated with the abundance of gut bacteria such as Bilophila wadsworthia (p = 0.02; r2 = 0.37), from the genus Granulicatella (p = 0.03; r2 = 0.48) or the Erysipelotrichia class (p = 0.03; r2 = 0.45). Changes in the gut microbial ecology induced by raspberry consumption over an 8-week period presumably impacted quaternary amines-utilizing activity and thus plasma TMAO levels.
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20
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Heiss C, Istas G, Feliciano RP, Weber T, Wang B, Favari C, Mena P, Del Rio D, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Daily consumption of cranberry improves endothelial function in healthy adults: a double blind randomized controlled trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:3812-3824. [PMID: 35322843 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00080f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Previous studies indicate cardiovascular health benefits of cranberry juice consumption. However, whether daily consumption of whole cranberries will have sustained vascular benefits in healthy individuals is currently unknown. Objective: To investigate the vascular effects of acute and daily consumption of freeze dried whole cranberry in healthy men and how effects relate to circulating cranberry (poly)phenol metabolites. Methods: A double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted in 45 healthy male adults randomly allocated to 1 month daily consumption of either cranberry (9 g powder solubilized in water equivalent to 100 g of fresh cranberries, 525 mg total (poly)phenols) or control (9 g powder, no (poly)phenols). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD, primary outcome), pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic augmentation index (AIx), blood pressure, heart rate, blood lipids, and blood glucose were assessed at baseline and at 2 h on day 1 and after 1 month. Plasma and 24 h-urine were analyzed before and after treatment using targeted quantitative LC-MS methods including 137 (poly)phenol metabolites. Results: Cranberry consumption significantly increased FMD at 2 h and 1-month (1.1% (95% CI: 1.1%, 1.8%); ptreatment ≤ 0.001; ptreatment × time = 0.606) but not PWV, AIx, blood pressure, heart rate, blood lipids, and glucose. Of the 56 and 74 (poly)phenol metabolites quantified in plasma and urine, 13 plasma and 13 urinary metabolites significantly increased 2 h post-consumption and on day 1, respectively, while 4 plasma and 13 urinary metabolites were significantly higher after 1-month of cranberry consumption, in comparison with control. A multi-variable stepwise linear regression analysis showed that plasma cinnamic acid-4'-glucuronide, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid-3-sulfate, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 3'-hydroxycinnamic acid, and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid were significant independent predictors of 2 h FMD effects (R2 = 0.71), while 3'-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-methoxycinnamic acid-3'-glucuronide, 3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 3'-sulfate, and 3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)propanoic acid 3'-glucuronide predicted the 1-month FMD effects (R2 = 0.52). Conclusions: Acute and daily consumption of whole cranberry powder for 1 month improves vascular function in healthy men and this is linked with specific metabolite profiles in plasma. The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-randomized trial records held on the NIH ClinicalTrials.gov website (NCT02764749). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02764749.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Heiss
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.,Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, UK
| | - Geoffrey Istas
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Rodrigo P Feliciano
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Timon Weber
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Brian Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
| | - Claudia Favari
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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21
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DiNicolantonio JJ, McCarty MF, Assanga SI, Lujan LL, O'Keefe JH. Ferulic acid and berberine, via Sirt1 and AMPK, may act as cell cleansing promoters of healthy longevity. Open Heart 2022; 9:openhrt-2021-001801. [PMID: 35301252 PMCID: PMC8932268 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2021-001801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulic acid, a bacterial metabolite of anthocyanins, seems likely to be a primary mediator of the health benefits associated with anthocyanin-rich diets, and has long been employed in Chinese cardiovascular medicine. In rodent studies, it has exerted wide-ranging antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, the molecular basis of which remains rather obscure. However, recent studies indicate that physiologically relevant concentrations of ferulic acid can boost expression of Sirt1 at mRNA and protein levels in a range of tissues. Sirt1, a class III deacetylase, functions to detect a paucity of oxidisable substrate, and in response works in various ways to promote cellular survival and healthful longevity. Sirt1 promotes ‘cell cleansing’ and cell survival by boosting autophagy, mitophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, phase 2 induction of antioxidant enzymes via Nrf2, and DNA repair—while inhibiting NF-kB-driven inflammation, apoptosis, and cellular senescence, and boosting endothelial expression of the protective transcription factor kruppel-like factor 2. A deficit of the latter appears to mediate the endothelial toxicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Ferulic acid also enhances the activation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) by increasing expression and activity of its activating kinase LKB1—whereas AMPK in turn amplifies Sirt1 activity by promoting induction of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltranferase, rate-limiting for generation of Sirt1’s obligate substrate NAD+. Curiously, AMPK acts by independent mechanisms to potentiate many of the effects mediated by Sirt1. Hence, it is proposed that ferulic acid may exert complementary or synergistic health-promoting effects when used in conjunction with clinically useful AMPK activators, such as the nutraceutical berberine. Additional nutraceuticals which might have potential for amplifying certain protective effects of ferulic acid/berberine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J DiNicolantonio
- Preventive Cardiology, Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Simon Iloki Assanga
- Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food Science, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - Lidianys Lewis Lujan
- Department of Research and Postgraduate in Food Science, University of Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico
| | - James H O'Keefe
- Charles and Barbara Duboc Cardio Health & Wellness Center, St Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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22
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McCarty MF. Nutraceutical and Dietary Strategies for Up-Regulating Macroautophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2054. [PMID: 35216170 PMCID: PMC8875972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a "cell cleansing" process that rids cells of protein aggregates and damaged organelles that may contribute to disease pathogenesis and the dysfunctions associated with aging. Measures which boost longevity and health span in rodents typically up-regulate macroautophagy, and it has often been suggested that safe strategies which can promote this process in humans may contribute to healthful aging. The kinase ULK1 serves as a trigger for autophagy initiation, and the transcription factors TFEB, FOXO1, ATF4 and CHOP promote expression of a number of proteins which mediate macroautophagy. Nutraceutical or dietary measures which stimulate AMPK, SIRT1, eIF5A, and that diminish the activities of AKT and mTORC1, can be expected to boost the activities of these pro-autophagic factors. The activity of AMPK can be stimulated with the phytochemical berberine. SIRT1 activation may be achieved with a range of agents, including ferulic acid, melatonin, urolithin A, N1-methylnicotinamide, nicotinamide riboside, and glucosamine; correction of ubiquinone deficiency may also be useful in this regard, as may dietary strategies such as time-restricted feeding or intermittent fasting. In the context of an age-related decrease in cellular polyamine levels, provision of exogenous spermidine can boost the hypusination reaction required for the appropriate post-translational modification of eIF5A. Low-protein plant-based diets could be expected to increase ATF4 and CHOP expression, while diminishing IGF-I-mediated activation of AKT and mTORC1. Hence, practical strategies for protecting health by up-regulating macroautophagy may be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark F McCarty
- Catalytic Longevity Foundation, San Diego, CA 92109, USA
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23
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Franck M, de Toro-Martín J, Varin TV, Garneau V, Pilon G, Roy D, Couture P, Couillard C, Marette A, Vohl MC. Raspberry consumption: identification of distinct immune-metabolic response profiles by whole blood transcriptome profiling. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 101:108946. [PMID: 35016998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.108946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that diets rich in phenolic compounds are beneficial to immune-metabolic health, yet these effects are heterogeneous and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. To investigate the inter-individual variability of the immune-metabolic response to raspberry consumption, whole-blood RNAseq data from 24 participants receiving 280g/day of raspberries for 8 weeks were used for the identification of responsiveness subgroups by using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and hierarchical clustering. Transcriptomic-based clustering regrouped participants into two distinct subgroups of 13 and 11 participants, so-called responders and non-responders, respectively. Following raspberry consumption, a significant decrease in triglycerides, cholesterol and C-reactive protein levels were found in responders, as compared to non-responders. Two major gene expression components of 100 and 220 genes were identified by sparse PLSDA as those better discriminating responders from non-responders, and functional analysis identified pathways related to cytokine production, leukocyte activation and immune response as significantly enriched with most discriminant genes. As compared to non-responders, the plasma lipidomic profile of responders was characterized by a significant decrease in triglycerides and an increase in phosphatidylcholines following raspberry consumption. Prior to the intervention, a distinct metagenomic profile was identified by PLSDA between responsiveness subgroups, and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidota ratio was found significantly lower in responders, as compared to non-responders. Findings point to this transcriptomic-based clustering approach as a suitable tool to identify distinct responsiveness subgroups to raspberry consumption. This approach represents a promising framework to tackle the issue of inter-individual variability in the understanding of the impact of foods on immune-metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Franck
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Juan de Toro-Martín
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Véronique Garneau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Patrick Couture
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Charles Couillard
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre Nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Iglesias-Aguirre CE, Cortés-Martín A, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Giménez-Bastida JA, Selma MV, González-Sarrías A, Espín JC. Main drivers of (poly)phenol effects on human health: metabolite production and/or gut microbiota-associated metabotypes? Food Funct 2021; 12:10324-10355. [PMID: 34558584 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high human interindividual variability in response to (poly)phenol consumption, the cause-and-effect relationship between some dietary (poly)phenols (flavanols and olive oil phenolics) and health effects (endothelial function and prevention of LDL oxidation, respectively) has been well established. Most of the variables affecting this interindividual variability have been identified (food matrix, gut microbiota, single-nucleotide-polymorphisms, etc.). However, the final drivers for the health effects of (poly)phenol consumption have not been fully identified. At least partially, these drivers could be (i) the (poly)phenols ingested that exert their effect in the gastrointestinal tract, (ii) the bioavailable metabolites that exert their effects systemically and/or (iii) the gut microbial ecology associated with (poly)phenol metabolism (i.e., gut microbiota-associated metabotypes). However, statistical associations between health effects and the occurrence of circulating and/or excreted metabolites, as well as cross-sectional studies that correlate gut microbial ecologies and health, do not prove a causal role unequivocally. We provide a critical overview and perspective on the possible main drivers of the effects of (poly)phenols on human health and suggest possible actions to identify the putative actors responsible for the effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Iglesias-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Adrián Cortés-Martín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María Á Ávila-Gálvez
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (IBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Juan A Giménez-Bastida
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María V Selma
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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25
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Rai DK, Tzima K. A Review on Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Applications on Anthocyanin and Ellagitannin Metabolites of Blackberries and Raspberries. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092150. [PMID: 34574260 PMCID: PMC8467619 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Berries have been widely assessed for their beneficial health effects, predominately due to their high (poly)phenol content of anthocyanins and ellagitannins. After ellagitannins and ellagic acid are metabolized by the gut microbiome, a class of compounds known as urolithins are produced, which exert potential advantageous health effects. Anthocyanins, on the other hand, undergo a complex metabolic pathway after their interaction with microbial and endogenous enzymes, forming a broad range of metabolites and catabolic products. In most cases, in vitro models and cell lines are used to generate metabolites, whereas their assessment in vivo is currently limited. Thus far, several analytical methods have been developed for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic metabolites in berries, including liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and other hyphenated techniques, and have been undoubtedly valuable tools for the detailed metabolite characterization and profiling. In this review, a compilation of studies providing information on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of (poly)phenol metabolites in blackberries and raspberries after the utilization of in vitro and in vivo methods is presented. The different analytical techniques employed are assessed, focusing on the fate of the produced metabolic compounds in order to provide evidence on their characteristics, formation, and beneficial effects.
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26
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Zhang X, Fan J, Xiao D, Edirisinghe I, Burton-Freeman BM, Sandhu AK. Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Red Raspberry (Poly)phenols from Two Doses and Association with Metabolic Indices in Adults with Prediabetes and Insulin Resistance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9238-9248. [PMID: 34357772 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate pharmacokinetic variables of two doses of red raspberry (RR) (poly)phenols and their association with metabolic indices in adults with prediabetes and insulin resistance (preDM-IR) compared to metabolically healthy adults (reference). Thirty-two adults (preDM-IR, n = 21; reference, n = 11) consumed three meals containing 0 g (control), 125 g, or 250 g of frozen RR on three separate days in random order. Plasma (poly)phenolic metabolites and metabolic indices were characterized over a 0-8 h period and again at 24 h. Twenty-four metabolites were significantly increased by RR interventions in all subjects (p < 0.05). Individuals with preDM-IR compared to reference had a lower capacity to generate several metabolites, including 4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxycinnamic acid and hydroxymethoxycinnamic acid isomer, both negatively correlated with postprandial insulin concentrations (p < 0.05). The results suggest that RR (poly)phenols are metabolized in a dose-related manner, and further research is required to understand their role in insulin management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhuiqun Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jiayi Fan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Indika Edirisinghe
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Britt M Burton-Freeman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Amandeep K Sandhu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Center for Nutrition Research and Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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27
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D'Amico D, Andreux PA, Valdés P, Singh A, Rinsch C, Auwerx J. Impact of the Natural Compound Urolithin A on Health, Disease, and Aging. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:687-699. [PMID: 34030963 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urolithin A (UA) is a natural compound produced by gut bacteria from ingested ellagitannins (ETs) and ellagic acid (EA), complex polyphenols abundant in foods such as pomegranate, berries, and nuts. UA was discovered 40 years ago, but only recently has its impact on aging and disease been explored. UA enhances cellular health by increasing mitophagy and mitochondrial function and reducing detrimental inflammation. Several preclinical studies show how UA protects against aging and age-related conditions affecting muscle, brain, joints, and other organs. In humans, benefits of UA supplementation in the muscle are supported by recent clinical trials in elderly people. Here, we review the state of the art of UA's biology and its translational potential as a nutritional intervention in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide D'Amico
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Pénélope A Andreux
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pamela Valdés
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anurag Singh
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chris Rinsch
- Amazentis SA, EPFL Innovation Park, Bâtiment C, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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28
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Marcinczyk N, Gołaszewska A, Gromotowicz-Poplawska A, Misztal T, Strawa J, Tomczyk M, Kasacka I, Chabielska E. Multidirectional Effects of Tormentil Extract on Hemostasis in Experimental Diabetes. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:682987. [PMID: 34025439 PMCID: PMC8131833 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.682987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that ellagitannin- and procyanidin-rich tormentil extract (TE) decreased experimental arterial thrombosis in normoglycemic rats through platelet inhibition. TE also slightly increased coagulation and attenuated fibrinolysis; however, these effects did not nullify the antithrombotic effect of TE. The present study aimed to assess whether TE exerts antithrombotic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, which is characterized by pre-existing increased coagulation and impaired fibrinolysis, in vivo and ex vivo thrombosis assays. TE (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg, p. o.) was administered for 14 days to STZ-induced diabetic rats and mice. TE at 100 mg/kg dose decreased the thrombus area in the mice model of laser-induced thrombosis through its potent antiplatelet effect. However, TE at 200 mg/kg dose increased thrombus weight in electrically induced arterial thrombosis in rats. The prothrombotic effect could be due to increased coagulation and attenuated fibrinolysis. TE at 400 mg/kg dose also improved vascular functions, which was mainly reflected as an increase in the arterial blood flow, bleeding time prolongation, and thickening of the arterial wall. However, TE at 400 mg/kg dose did not exert antithrombotic effect. Summarizing, the present results show that TE may exert multidirectional effects on hemostasis in STZ-induced diabetic rats and mice. TE inhibited platelet activity and improved endothelial functions, but it also showed unfavorable effects by increasing the activity of the coagulation system and by inhibiting fibrinolysis. These contrasting effects could be the reason for model-specific influence of TE on the thrombotic process in STZ-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Marcinczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agata Gołaszewska
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Misztal
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jakub Strawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Chabielska
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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29
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Najjar RS, Schwartz AM, Wong BJ, Mehta PK, Feresin RG. Berries and Their Polyphenols as a Potential Therapy for Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction: A Mini-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3373. [PMID: 33806050 PMCID: PMC8036956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia with no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) is a common diagnosis with a higher prevalence in women compared to men. Despite the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease and no structural heart disease, INOCA is associated with major adverse cardiovascular outcomes as well a significant contributor to angina and related disability. A major feature of INOCA is coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), which can be detected by non-invasive imaging and invasive coronary physiology assessments in humans. CMD is associated with epicardial endothelial-dependent and -independent dysfunction, diffuse atherosclerosis, and left-ventricular hypertrophy, all of which lead to insufficient blood flow to the myocardium. Inflammatory and oxidative stress signaling, upregulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and adrenergic receptor signaling are major drivers of CMD. Treatment of CMD centers around addressing cardiovascular risk factors; however, there are limited treatment options for those who do not respond to traditional anti-anginal therapies. In this review, we highlight the ability of berry-derived polyphenols to modulate those pathways. The evidence supports the need for future clinical trials to investigate the effectiveness of berries and their polyphenols in the treatment of CMD in INOCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Arielle M. Schwartz
- J. Willis Hurst Internal Medicine Residency Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Puja K. Mehta
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Women’s Heart Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Emory Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
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Protective Role of Polyphenols in Heart Failure: Molecular Targets and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Their Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041668. [PMID: 33562294 PMCID: PMC7914665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death in the United States, with a 5-year mortality rate of 50% despite modern pharmacological therapies. Plant-based diets are comprised of a diverse polyphenol profile, which lends to their association with reduced cardiovascular disease risk. Whether a polyphenol-rich diet can slow the progression of or reverse HF in humans is not known. To date, in vitro and in vivo studies have reported on the protective role of polyphenols in HF. In this review, we will discuss the major mechanisms by which polyphenols mitigate HF in vitro and in vivo, including (1) reduced cardiac inflammation and oxidative stress, (2) reduced mitochondrial dysfunction, (3) improved Ca2+ homeostasis, (4) increased survival signaling, and (5) increased sirtuin 1 activity.
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Najjar RS, Turner CG, Wong BJ, Feresin RG. Berry-Derived Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Pathologies: Mechanisms of Disease and the Role of Diet and Sex. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020387. [PMID: 33513742 PMCID: PMC7911141 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, pathogenesis, and manifestation is differentially influenced by biological sex. Berry polyphenols target several signaling pathways pertinent to CVD development, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac and vascular remodeling, and there are innate differences in these pathways that also vary by sex. There is limited research systematically investigating sex differences in berry polyphenol effects on these pathways, but there are fundamental findings at this time that suggest a sex-specific effect. This review will detail mechanisms within these pathological pathways, how they differ by sex, and how they may be individually targeted by berry polyphenols in a sex-specific manner. Because of the substantial polyphenolic profile of berries, berry consumption represents a promising interventional tool in the treatment and prevention of CVD in both sexes, but the mechanisms in which they function within each sex may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
- Correspondence:
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32
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Franck M, de Toro-Martín J, Garneau V, Guay V, Kearney M, Pilon G, Roy D, Couture P, Couillard C, Marette A, Vohl MC. Effects of Daily Raspberry Consumption on Immune-Metabolic Health in Subjects at Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3858. [PMID: 33348685 PMCID: PMC7767072 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of red raspberries has been reported to exert acute beneficial effects on postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, triglyceridemia, and cytokine levels in metabolically disturbed subjects. In a two-arm parallel-group, randomized, controlled trial, 59 subjects with overweight or abdominal obesity and with slight hyperinsulinemia or hypertriglyceridemia were randomized to consume 280 g/day of frozen raspberries or to maintain their usual diet for 8 weeks. Primary analyses measured metabolic differences between the groups. Secondary analyses performed with omics tools in the intervention group assessed blood gene expression and plasma metabolomic changes following the raspberry supplementation. The intervention did not significantly affect plasma insulin, glucose, inflammatory marker concentrations, nor blood pressure. Following the supplementation, 43 genes were differentially expressed, and several functional pathways were enriched, a major portion of which were involved in the regulation of cytotoxicity, immune cell trafficking, protein signal transduction, and interleukin production. In addition, 10 serum metabolites were found significantly altered, among which β-alanine, trimethylamine N-oxide, and bioactive lipids. Although the supplementation had no meaningful metabolic effects, these results highlight the impact of a diet rich in raspberry on the immune function and phospholipid metabolism, thus providing novel insights into potential immune-metabolic pathways influenced by regular raspberry consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Franck
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Juan de Toro-Martín
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Véronique Garneau
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Valérie Guay
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Michèle Kearney
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Denis Roy
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Patrick Couture
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Charles Couillard
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute (IUCPQ) Research Center, 2725 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS) and Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (M.F.); (J.d.T.-M.); (V.G.); (V.G.); (M.K.); (G.P.); (D.R.); (P.C.); (C.C.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Ou JLS, Yang D, Liu MH. Effects of Anthocyanins in Composite Meals on Cardiometabolic Outcomes-A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Feeding Trials. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3781. [PMID: 33317160 PMCID: PMC7763924 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating epidemiological evidence suggests that anthocyanin intake is associated with reduced risks of cardiometabolic disorders, highlighting the importance of incorporating the phytochemical in our diets. Numerous food-based intervention studies have examined, in controlled meal settings, the role of anthocyanin on cardiometabolic health; but their effects have not been systematically summarized. This study aims to systematically review and summarize the effects of anthocyanin consumption with composite meals on cardiometabolic health from randomized controlled feeding trials. A systematic literature search for relevant human nutritional intervention studies was performed using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, and Scopus databases. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the study quality. Eighteen articles involving 371 participants were included in this review. Consistent improvements from anthocyanin intake were found in glycemic, gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) responses. Anthocyanin intake did not significantly affect other markers of energy metabolism, vascular functions, oxidative stress and antioxidant status, as well as inflammatory responses. Inconsistencies in successful outcomes between epidemiological studies and included interventions were largely attributed to matrix effects, which may impede the bioaccessibility of anthocyanins and consequently, limiting its health benefits when co-delivered with some foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Leong Sean Ou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (J.L.S.O.); (D.Y.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Dimeng Yang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore; (J.L.S.O.); (D.Y.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Mei Hui Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Jain A, Correia MSP, Meistermann H, Vujasinovic M, Löhr JM, Globisch D. Comparison of two arylsulfatases for targeted mass spectrometric analysis of microbiota-derived metabolites. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 195:113818. [PMID: 33342568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulfation of metabolites is the second highest phase II modification in humans, which plays a critical role in the xenobiotics clearance process and gut microbiota-host co-metabolism. Besides the main function to remove xenobiotics from the body, sulfated metabolites have also been linked to inflammation, bacterial pathogenesis and metabolic disorders. A better understanding of how these metabolites impact the human body has turned into an important research area. Analytical methods for selective identification of this metabolite class are scarce. We have recently developed an assay utilizing the arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia due to a high substrate promiscuity combined with state-of-the-art metabolomics bioinformatic analysis for the selective identification of O-sulfated metabolites in human samples. This enzyme requires a multistep purification process as highest purity is needed for the developed mass spectrometric assay. In this study, we have utilized a new and recombinant overexpressed arylsulfatase (ASPC) for the selective identification of organic sulfate esters in human urine samples. We have compared the substrate conversion in urine samples and substrate specificity of this enzyme with purified arylsulfatase from Helix pomatia. Our analysis of urine samples revealed that both enzymes can be utilized for the selective analysis and discovery of sulfated metabolites with high promiscuity as demonstrated by equal hydrolysis of 108 substrates including sulfated conjugates of 27 metabolites of microbial origin. Importantly, we also identified 21 substrates in human urine samples that are exclusively hydrolyzed by ASPC and application of this enzyme increases the discovery of unknown sulfated metabolites with a higher scaffold diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Jain
- Dept. Chemistry - BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mario S P Correia
- Dept. Chemistry - BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hannes Meistermann
- Dept. Chemistry - BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miroslav Vujasinovic
- Department for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J-Matthias Löhr
- Department for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Globisch
- Dept. Chemistry - BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 599, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Oliveira H, Correia P, Pereira AR, Araújo P, Mateus N, de Freitas V, Oliveira J, Fernandes I. Exploring the Applications of the Photoprotective Properties of Anthocyanins in Biological Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7464. [PMID: 33050431 PMCID: PMC7589295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their physical and chemical characteristics, anthocyanins are amongst the most versatile groups of natural compounds. Such unique signature makes these compounds a focus in several different areas of research. Anthocyanins have well been reported as bioactive compounds in a myriad of health disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and obesity, among others, due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-bacterial, and anti-proliferative capacities. Such a vast number of action mechanisms may be also due to the number of structurally different anthocyanins plus their related derivatives. In this review, we highlight the recent advances on the potential use of anthocyanins in biological systems with particular focus on their photoprotective properties. Topics such as skin aging and eye degenerative diseases, highly influenced by light, and the action of anthocyanins against such damages will be discussed. Photodynamic Therapy and the potential role of anthocyanins as novel photosensitizers will be also a central theme of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Joana Oliveira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (H.O.); (P.C.); (A.R.P.); (P.A.); (N.M.); (V.d.F.)
| | - Iva Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (H.O.); (P.C.); (A.R.P.); (P.A.); (N.M.); (V.d.F.)
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Looi D, Goh BH, Khan SU, Ahemad N, Palanisamy UD. Metabolites of the ellagitannin, geraniin inhibit human ACE; in vitro and in silico evidence. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 72:470-477. [PMID: 33032478 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1830263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is defined as the persistence of elevated blood pressure in the circulation system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is a major modulator of blood pressure. Among the risk factors of cardiovascular disease, hypertension is the most preventable and treatable, with drugs such as ACE inhibitors. Many ACE inhibitors are known to have undesirable side effects and hence, natural alternatives are being sought. Dietary polyphenols, particularly ellagitannins, are derived from plant products and are known to exhibit a variety of bioactivities. Geraniin, an ellagitannin has been shown to have antihypertensive activity in animal experiments. It is speculated that the metabolites of geraniin are responsible for its ACE inhibitory activity. We have performed in vitro ACE inhibition and in silico studies with geraniin and its metabolites (ellagic acid, urolithins). Our studies confirm that ellagic acid exhibited similar inhibitory potential to ACE as the positive control captopril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deming Looi
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Boon H Goh
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shafi U Khan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nafees Ahemad
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Uma D Palanisamy
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Holt RR, Zuelch ML, Charoenwoodhipong P, Al-Dashti YA, Hackman RM, Keen CL. Effects of short-term consumption of strawberry powder on select parameters of vascular health in adolescent males. Food Funct 2020; 11:32-44. [PMID: 31942892 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01844a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States and much of the developed world, costing billions of dollars in lost work time, lower productivity and high health care expenditures. Research on foods and bioactive food components that have cardioprotective benefits may provide new insights as to how modest changes in one's diet may result in a reduced risk of vascular disease. In intervention trials, the consumption of strawberries, either fresh or freeze-dried, has been reported to improve select markers of cardiovascular health, including improved lipid profiles, microvascular function, and platelet reactivity. Consistent with the above, epidemiological studies suggest beneficial effects of strawberries on vascular function. Preliminary studies on the effects of freeze-dried strawberry powder on vascular health are reviewed in the current paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta R Holt
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Martini D, Marino M, Angelino D, Del Bo' C, Del Rio D, Riso P, Porrini M. Role of berries in vascular function: a systematic review of human intervention studies. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:189-206. [PMID: 31365093 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Berries are a source of polyphenols with recognized health-promoting activities. Several studies suggest that consumption of berries may improve vascular function. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to provide evidence of short- and long-term benefits of berries on outcomes of vascular function. DATA SOURCES Human intervention studies were collected from PubMed and Scopus databases. STUDY SELECTION Studies were eligible if they investigated the effects of acute or chronic berry consumption on one or more markers of vascular function in humans and provided a characterization of the berry polyphenolic content. Only randomized controlled trials were included, and studies were excluded if berries were combined with other foods. DATA EXTRACTION After selection, 22 randomized controlled trials were included and analyzed, most of which were performed in healthy individuals or patients with cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS The overall results seem to suggest a protective role of berries in vascular function, likely dependent on the time of exposure, the type and dose of berry, and the biomarkers analyzed. Flow-mediated dilation and reactive hyperemia index (markers of vascular reactivity) improved following short-term interventions, while pulse wave velocity and augmentation index (markers of arterial stiffness) improved only after medium- to long-term intervention. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence suggests that berries, at physiological relevant doses, may have a role in the modulation of vascular function and stiffness. High-quality human intervention trials are encouraged in order to strengthen these findings and to better elucidate the mechanisms involved in such modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Martini
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mirko Marino
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cristian Del Bo'
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- D. Martini, D. Angelino, and D. Del Rio are with the Laboratory of Phytochemicals in Physiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Patrizia Riso
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marisa Porrini
- M. Marino, C. Del Bo', P. Riso, and M. Porrini are with the Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Ulaszewska M, Garcia-Aloy M, Vázquez-Manjarrez N, Soria-Florido MT, Llorach R, Mattivi F, Manach C. Food intake biomarkers for berries and grapes. GENES AND NUTRITION 2020; 15:17. [PMID: 32967625 PMCID: PMC7509942 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-020-00675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Grapes and berries are two types of widely consumed fruits characterized by a high content in different phytochemicals. However, their accurate dietary assessment is particularly arduous, because of the already wide recognized bias associated with self-reporting methods, combined with the large range of species and cultivars and the fact that these fruits are popularly consumed not only in fresh and frozen forms but also as processed and derived products, including dried and canned fruits, beverages, jams, and jellies. Reporting precise type and/or quantity of grape and berries in FFQ or diaries can obviously be affected by errors. Recently, biomarkers of food intake (BFIs) rose as a promising tool to provide accurate information indicating consumption of certain food items. Protocols for performing systematic reviews in this field, as well as for assessing the validity of candidate BFIs have been developed within the Food Biomarker Alliance (FoodBAll) Project. This paper aims to evaluate the putative BIFs for blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, cranberries, blackcurrant, and grapes. Candidate BFIs for grapes were resveratrol metabolites and tartaric acid. The metabolites considered as putative BFI for berries consumption were mostly anthocyanins derivatives together with several metabolites of ellagitannins and some aroma compounds. However, identification of BFIs for single berry types encountered more difficulties. In the absence of highly specific metabolites reported to date, we suggested some multi-metabolite panels that may be further investigated as putative biomarkers for some berry fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ulaszewska
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Center for Omics Sciences, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility - ProMeFa, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - M Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Vázquez-Manjarrez
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Dirección de Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Slavador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M T Soria-Florido
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Llorach
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA-UB), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Mattivi
- Fondazione Edmund Mach, Research and Innovation Centre Food Quality and Nutrition, Via Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trent, Trento, Italy
| | - C Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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40
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Protective Effects of Polyphenols Present in Mediterranean Diet on Endothelial Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2097096. [PMID: 32831990 PMCID: PMC7428938 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2097096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction tends to be the initial indicator in proinflammatory state and macro- and microvascular complications, such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown that certain compounds in diet can generate beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease due to its interactions with endothelial cells. Thus, this review is aimed at investigating whether certain polyphenols present in the Mediterranean diet, specifically catechin, quercetin, resveratrol, and urolithin, could exert positive effects on endothelial dysfunction. After analysis of numerous papers, we found that polyphenols aiding endothelial function is beneficial not only for patients with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or endothelial dysfunction but for all people as it can improve the effects of aging on the endothelia. The additional benefit of these polyphenols on weight loss further improves health and lowers the risk of several diseases, including those caused by endothelial dysfunction. However, it is important to note that the dosages in the majorities of the studies mentioned in this review were of supplemental rather than nutritionally relevant quantities, and therefore, the recommended dosages are difficult to determine.
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Combined anthocyanins and bromelain supplement improves endothelial function and skeletal muscle oxygenation status in adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised crossover clinical trial. Br J Nutr 2020; 125:161-171. [PMID: 32660675 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520002548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins and bromelain have gained significant attention due to their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. Both have been shown to improve endothelial function, blood pressure (BP) and oxygen utility capacity in humans; however, the combination of these two and the impacts on endothelial function, BP, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and oxygen utility capacity have not been previously investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of a combined anthocyanins and bromelain supplement (BE) on endothelial function, BP, TAC, oxygen utility capacity and fatigability in healthy adults. Healthy adults (n 18, age 24 (sd 4) years) received BE or placebo in a randomised crossover design. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), BP, TAC, resting heart rate, oxygen utility capacity and fatigability were measured pre- and post-BE and placebo intake. The BE group showed significantly increased FMD, reduced systolic BP and improved oxygen utility capacity compared with the placebo group (P < 0·05). Tissue saturation and oxygenated Hb significantly increased following BE intake, while deoxygenated Hb significantly decreased (P < 0·05) during exercise. Additionally, TAC was significantly increased following BE intake (P < 0·05). There were no significant differences for resting heart rate, diastolic BP or fatigability index. These results suggest that BE intake is an effective nutritional therapy for improving endothelial function, BP, TAC and oxygen utility capacity, which may be beneficial to support vascular health in humans.
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42
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Seyed Hameed AS, Rawat PS, Meng X, Liu W. Biotransformation of dietary phytoestrogens by gut microbes: A review on bidirectional interaction between phytoestrogen metabolism and gut microbiota. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 43:107576. [PMID: 32531317 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are a class of plant produced polyphenolic compounds with diphenolic structure, which is similar to 17β-estradiol. These phytoestrogens preferentially bind to estrogen receptors, however, with weak affinity. Recently, many studies have found that these phytoestrogens can be transformed by gut microbiota through novel enzymatic reactions into metabolites with altered bioactivity. Recent studies have also implied that these metabolites could possibly modulate the host gut ecosystem, gene expression, metabolism and the immune system. Thus, isolating gut microbes capable of biotransforming phytoestrogens and characterizing the novel enzymatic reactions involved are principal to understand the mechanisms of beneficial effects brought by gut microbiota and their metabolism on phytoestrogens, and to provide the theoretical knowledge for the development of functional probiotics. In the present review, we summarized works on gut microbial biotransformation of phytoestrogens, including daidzin (isoflavone), phenylnaringenin (prenylflavonoid), lignans, resveratrol (stilbene) and ellagitannins. We mainly focus on gut bacterial isolation, metabolic pathway characterization, and the bidirectional interaction of phytoestrogens with gut microbes to illustrate the novel metabolic capability of gut microbiota and the methods used in these studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahkam Saddam Seyed Hameed
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Parkash Singh Rawat
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Weifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, No.72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, PR China
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43
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Cortés-Martín A, Selma MV, Tomás-Barberán FA, González-Sarrías A, Espín JC. Where to Look into the Puzzle of Polyphenols and Health? The Postbiotics and Gut Microbiota Associated with Human Metabotypes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900952. [PMID: 32196920 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The full consensus on the role of dietary polyphenols as human-health-promoting compounds remains elusive. The two-way interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota (GM) (i.e., modulation of GM by polyphenols and their catabolism by the GM) is determinant in polyphenols' effects. The identification of human metabotypes associated with a differential gut microbial metabolism of polyphenols has opened new research scenarios to explain the inter-individual variability upon polyphenols consumption. The metabotypes unequivocally identified so far are those involved in the metabolism of isoflavones (equol and(or) O-desmethylangolesin producers versus non-producers) and ellagic acid (urolithin metabotypes, including producers of only urolithin-A (UM-A), producers of urolithin-A, isourolithin-A, and urolithin-B (UM-B), and non-producers (UM-0)). In addition, the microbial metabolites (phenolic-derived postbiotics) such as equol, urolithins, valerolactones, enterolactone, and enterodiol, and 8-prenylnaringenin, among others, can exert differential health effects. The knowledge is updated and position is taken here on i) the two-way interaction between GM and polyphenols, ii) the evidence between phenolic-derived postbiotics and health, iii) the role of metabotypes as biomarkers of GM and the clustering of individuals depending on their metabotypes (metabotyping) to explain polyphenols' effects, and iv) the gut microbial metabolism of catecholamines to illustrate the intersection between personalized nutrition and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Cortés-Martín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - María Victoria Selma
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Francisco Abraham Tomás-Barberán
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
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44
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Zhao D, Yuan B, Kshatriya D, Polyak A, Simon JE, Bello NT, Wu Q. Influence of Diet-Induced Obesity on the Bioavailability and Metabolism of Raspberry Ketone (4-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Butanone) in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900907. [PMID: 32052560 PMCID: PMC7329366 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Raspberry ketone (RK) is the primary aroma compound in red raspberries and a dietary supplement for weight loss. This work aims to 1) compare RK bioavailability in male versus female, normal-weight versus obese mice; 2) characterize RK metabolic pathways. METHODS Study 1: C57BL/6J male and female mice fed a low-fat diet (LFD; 10% fat) receive a single oral gavage dose of RK (200 mg kg-1 ). Blood, brain, and white adipose tissue (WAT) are collected over 12 h. Study 2: Male mice are fed a LFD or high-fat diet (45% fat) for 8 weeks before RK dosing. Samples collected are analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS for RK and its metabolites. RESULTS RK is rapidly absorbed (Tmax ≈ 15 min), and bioconverted into diverse metabolites in mice. Total bioavailability (AUC0-12 h ) is slightly lower in females than males (566 vs 675 nmol mL-1 min-1 ). Total bioavailability in obese mice is almost doubled that of control mice (1197 vs 679 nmol mL-1 min-1 ), while peaking times and elimination half-lives are delayed. Higher levels of RK and major metabolites are found in WAT of the obese than normal-weight animals. CONCLUSIONS RK is highly bioavailable, rapidly metabolized, and exhibits significantly different pharmacokinetic behaviors between obese and control mice. Lipid-rich tissues, especially WAT, can be a direct target of RK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyue Zhao
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences , Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Bo Yuan
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences , Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Dushyant Kshatriya
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Andrew Polyak
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences , Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - James E Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences , Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences , Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
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Cianciosi D, Simal-Gándara J, Forbes-Hernández TY. The importance of berries in the human diet. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-190366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danila Cianciosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández
- Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo - Vigo Campus, Ourense, Spain
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Landberg R, Manach C, Kerckhof FM, Minihane AM, Saleh RNM, De Roos B, Tomas-Barberan F, Morand C, Van de Wiele T. Future prospects for dissecting inter-individual variability in the absorption, distribution and elimination of plant bioactives of relevance for cardiometabolic endpoints. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:21-36. [PMID: 31642982 PMCID: PMC6851035 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The health-promoting potential of food-derived plant bioactive compounds is evident but not always consistent across studies. Large inter-individual variability may originate from differences in digestion, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME). ADME can be modulated by age, sex, dietary habits, microbiome composition, genetic variation, drug exposure and many other factors. Within the recent COST Action POSITIVe, large-scale literature surveys were undertaken to identify the reasons and extent of inter-individual variability in ADME of selected plant bioactive compounds of importance to cardiometabolic health. The aim of the present review is to summarize the findings and suggest a framework for future studies designed to investigate the etiology of inter-individual variability in plant bioactive ADME and bioefficacy. RESULTS Few studies have reported individual data on the ADME of bioactive compounds and on determinants such as age, diet, lifestyle, health status and medication, thereby limiting a mechanistic understanding of the main drivers of variation in ADME processes observed across individuals. Metabolomics represent crucial techniques to decipher inter-individual variability and to stratify individuals according to metabotypes reflecting the intrinsic capacity to absorb and metabolize bioactive compounds. CONCLUSION A methodological framework was developed to decipher how the contribution from genetic variants or microbiome variants to ADME of bioactive compounds can be predicted. Future study design should include (1) a larger number of study participants, (2) individual and full profiling of all possible determinants of internal exposure, (3) the presentation of individual ADME data and (4) incorporation of omics platforms, such as genomics, microbiomics and metabolomics in ADME and efficacy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Claudine Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frederiek-Maarten Kerckhof
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne-Marie Minihane
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK
| | - Rasha Noureldin M Saleh
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia (UEA), Norwich, UK
| | - Baukje De Roos
- University of Aberdeen, the Rowett Institute, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Francisco Tomas-Barberan
- Food and Health Laboratory, Research Group on Quality, Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
| | - Christine Morand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Tom Van de Wiele
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Gibney ER, Milenkovic D, Combet E, Ruskovska T, Greyling A, González-Sarrías A, de Roos B, Tomás-Barberán F, Morand C, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Factors influencing the cardiometabolic response to (poly)phenols and phytosterols: a review of the COST Action POSITIVe activities. Eur J Nutr 2019; 58:37-47. [PMID: 31492975 PMCID: PMC6851211 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Evidence exists regarding the beneficial effects of diets rich in plant-based foods regarding the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases. These plant-based foods are an exclusive and abundant source of a variety of biologically active phytochemicals, including polyphenols, carotenoids, glucosinolates and phytosterols, with known health-promoting effects through a wide range of biological activities, such as improvements in endothelial function, platelet function, blood pressure, blood lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. We know that an individual’s physical/genetic makeup may influence their response to a dietary intervention, and thereby may influence the benefit/risk associated with consumption of a particular dietary constituent. This inter-individual variation in responsiveness has also been described for dietary plant bioactives but has not been explored in depth. To address this issue, the European scientific experts involved in the COST Action POSITIVe systematically analyzed data from published studies to assess the inter-individual variation in selected clinical biomarkers associated with cardiometabolic risk, in response to the consumption of plant-based bioactives (poly)phenols and phytosterols. The present review summarizes the main findings resulting from the meta-analyses already completed. Results Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials conducted within POSITIVe suggest that age, sex, ethnicity, pathophysiological status and medication may be responsible for the heterogeneity in the biological responsiveness to (poly)phenol and phytosterol consumption and could lead to inconclusive results in some clinical trials aiming to demonstrate the health effects of specific dietary bioactive compounds. However, the contribution of these factors is not yet demonstrated consistently across all polyphenolic groups and cardiometabolic outcomes, partly due to the heterogeneity in trial designs, low granularity of data reporting, variety of food vectors and target populations, suggesting the need to implement more stringent reporting practices in the future studies. Studies investigating the effects of genetic background or gut microbiome on variability were limited and should be considered in future studies. Conclusion Understanding why some bioactive plant compounds work effectively in some individuals but not, or less, in others is crucial for a full consideration of these compounds in future strategies of personalized nutrition for a better prevention of cardiometabolic disease. However, there is also still a need for the development of a substantial evidence-base to develop health strategies, food products or lifestyle solutions that embrace this variability. A balanced diet, rich in plant-based foods is known for the prevention of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease risk. (Poly)phenols and phytosterols displayed a range of biological effects of relevance to contribute to the cardiometabolic health benefits of plant foods However, inter-individual variability in response to plant food bioactive consumption exists, and there is a need to understand the causes of this variation. Analysis of published RCTs examining impact of consumption of (poly)phenols and phytosterols on cardiometabolic risk factors demonstrated that a number of factors including age, sex, adiposity and health status could contribute to the effect demonstrated within these studies. Genome and microbiome studies will help identify what may be causing this variation. More studies, specifically designed to investigate individual variation are needed to fully understand the factors responsible for and the impact of this variation Once fully understood, such variation should be used in directing personalised nutrition advice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen R Gibney
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emilie Combet
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tatjana Ruskovska
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University "Goce Delcev"-Stip, Štip, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Arno Greyling
- Unilever Research and Development Vlaardingen, Vlaardingen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Baujke de Roos
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Christine Morand
- INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Roager
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - L. O. Dragsted
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
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The Postprandial Appearance of Features of Cardiometabolic Risk: Acute Induction and Prevention by Nutrients and Other Dietary Substances. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091963. [PMID: 31438565 PMCID: PMC6770341 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of diets, food, and food components that affect postprandial inflammation, endothelial function, and oxidative stress, which are related to cardiometabolic risk. A high-energy meal, rich in saturated fat and sugars, induces the transient appearance of a series of metabolic, signaling and physiological dysregulations or dysfunctions, including oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which are directly related to the amplitude of postprandial plasma triglycerides and glucose. Low-grade inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are also known to cluster together with insulin resistance, a third risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type-II diabetes, thus making a considerable contribution to cardiometabolic risk. Because of the marked relevance of the postprandial model to nutritional pathophysiology, many studies have investigated whether adding various nutrients and other substances to such a challenge meal might mitigate the onset of these adverse effects. Some foods (e.g., nuts, berries, and citrus), nutrients (e.g., l-arginine), and other substances (various polyphenols) have been widely studied. Reports of favorable effects in the postprandial state have concerned plasma markers for systemic or vascular pro-inflammatory conditions, the activation of inflammatory pathways in plasma monocytes, vascular endothelial function (mostly assessed using physiological criteria), and postprandial oxidative stress. Although the literature is fragmented, this topic warrants further study using multiple endpoints and markers to investigate whether the interesting candidates identified might prevent or limit the postprandial appearance of critical features of cardiometabolic risk.
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Kshatriya D, Li X, Giunta GM, Yuan B, Zhao D, Simon JE, Wu Q, Bello NT. Phenolic-enriched raspberry fruit extract (Rubus idaeus) resulted in lower weight gain, increased ambulatory activity, and elevated hepatic lipoprotein lipase and heme oxygenase-1 expression in male mice fed a high-fat diet. Nutr Res 2019; 68:19-33. [PMID: 31252376 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Red raspberries (Rubus idaeus) contain numerous phenolic compounds with purported health benefits. Raspberry ketone (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone) is a primary raspberry flavor phenolic found in raspberries and is designated as a synthetic flavoring agent by the Food and Drug Administration. Synthetic raspberry ketone has been demonstrated to result in weight loss in rodents. We tested whether phenolic-enriched raspberry extracts, compared with raspberry ketone, would be more resilient to the metabolic alterations caused by an obesogenic diet. Male C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks old) received a daily oral dose of vehicle (VEH; 50% propylene glycol, 40% water, and 10% dimethyl sulfoxide), raspberry extract low (REL; 0.2 g/kg), raspberry extract high (REH; 2 g/kg), or raspberry ketone (RK; 0.2 g/kg). Coincident with daily dosing, mice were placed on a high-fat diet (45% fat). After 4 weeks, REH and RK reduced body weight gain (approximately 5%-9%) and white adipose mass (approximately 20%) compared with VEH. Hepatic gene expression of heme oxygenase-1 and lipoprotein lipase was upregulated in REH compared with VEH. Indirect calorimetry indicated that respiratory exchange ratio (CO2 production to O2 consumption) was lower, suggesting increased fat oxidation with all treatments. REH treatment increased total ambulatory behavior. Energy expenditure/lean mass was higher in REH compared with REL treatment. There were no treatment differences in cumulative intake, meal patterns, or hypothalamic feed-related gene expression. Our results suggest that raspberry ketone and a phenolic-enriched raspberry extract both have the capacity to prevent weight gain but differ in the preventative mechanisms for excess fat accumulation following high-fat diet exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Kshatriya
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Gina M Giunta
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Bo Yuan
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Danyue Zhao
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - James E Simon
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Qingli Wu
- New Use Agriculture and Natural Plant Products Program, Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA; Nutritional Sciences Graduate Program, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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