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Lin J, Chen X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Shuai J, Chen M. Fe/Mn (oxyhydr)oxides reductive dissolution promoted by cyanobacterial algal bloom-derived dissolved organic matter caused sediment W release during an algal bloom in Taihu Lake. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121899. [PMID: 38908314 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Tungsten (W) can be toxic to aquatic organisms. However, the spatiotemporal characteristics and controlling factors of W mobility during harmful algal blooms (HABs) have rarely been investigated. In this study, simultaneous changes in soluble W, iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and ultraviolet absorbance (UV254) in the sediment-water interface (SWI) were measured monthly using high-resolution peeper (HR-Peeper) devices. Laboratory experiments were conducted to verify the effects of environmental factors on W release. From May 2021 to October 2021, the concentration and flux of soluble W were higher than in other months. In addition, from May to October, DMAX (the depth at which the maximum concentration occurs on each profile) was 30-50 mm below the SWI, rather than the maximum depth. Principal component analysis (PCA) also divided the year into two periods, designated W-stable (December 2020, January, March, April and November 2021 with low soluble W concentration) and W-active periods (from May 2021 to October 2021 with high soluble W concentration). Laboratory experiments showed that both warming and anoxic conditions caused simultaneous release of soluble W, Fe(II), Mn, and dissolved organic matter (DOM), with strong correlations among soluble W, Fe(II), Mn. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) and random forest model showed that DOM directly affected W release or indirectly affected W release through promoting ferromanganese (oxyhydr)oxides reduction under warming and anaerobic conditions. The results of the field investigation showed that, in the W-stable period with low T, high DO, and an oxic SWI, the concentrations of soluble W, Fe, Mn, and DOM were low. The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that these months were mainly affected by water DO. The significant and strong positive correlation among soluble W, Fe and Mn indicated that soluble W was probably scavenged by Fe/Mn (oxyhydr)oxides in the oxic water during the W-stable period. The W-active period corresponded to the cyanobacterial HABs (cyanoHABs) outbreak, with higher T, lower DO, and a more anoxic SWI. During this period, the concentrations of soluble W, Fe, Mn, and DOM were high and their correlations were stronger. RDA showed that these months were mainly affected by T, UV254, soluble Fe and Mn. These results indicated that reductive dissolution of Fe/Mn (oxyhydr)oxides driven by DOM generated in W-active period, especially cyanoHAB-derived DOM, mainly caused soluble W release. These results reveal the coupling relationship between cyanoHABs and W release and emphasize the need for prevention and control of heavy metal release in eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210010, China
| | - Yvlu Liu
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Jinxia Shuai
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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2
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Mukhametzianova G, Wagner S, Eskinja M, Moshtaghi M, Mori G, Prohaska T. Mapping elemental solutes at sub-picogram levels during aqueous corrosion of Al alloys using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with LA-ICP-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3373-3388. [PMID: 38625560 PMCID: PMC11106204 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05288-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
A novel approach using diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) for two-dimensional mapping of elemental solute release at sub-picogram levels during aqueous corrosion of Al alloys is presented. Evaluation of different DGT gels with mixed micro-sized binding phases (polyacrylamide-Chelex-Metsorb, polyurethane (PU)-Chelex-Metsorb, PU-Chelex-Zr(OH)4) demonstrated the superior performance of PU gels due to their tear-proof handling, low shrinkage, and compliance with green chemistry. DGT devices containing PU-Chelex-Zr(OH)4 gels, which have not been characterized for Al sampling before, showed quantitative uptake of Al, Zn, and Cu solutes over time (t = 4-48 h) with higher Al capacity (ΓDGT = 6.25 µg cm-2) than different gels. Application of PU-Chelex-Zr(OH)4 gels on a high-strength Al-Cu alloy (Al2219) exposed to NaCl (w = 1.5%, pH = 4.5, T = 21 °C) for 15 min in a novel piston-type configuration revealed reproducible patterns of Al and Zn co-solubilization with a spatial expansion ranging between 50 and 1000 µm. This observation, together with complementary solid-state data from secondary electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, showed the presence of localized pitting corrosion at the material surface. Detection limits for total solute masses of Al, Zn, and Cu were ≤0.72 pg, ≤8.38 pg, and ≤0.12 pg, respectively, for an area of 0.01 mm2, demonstrating the method's unique capability to localize and quantify corrosion processes at ultra-trace levels and high resolution. Our study advances the assessment of Al alloy degradation in aqueous environments, supporting the design of corrosion-resistant materials for fostering technological safety and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnaz Mukhametzianova
- Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inclusion Metallurgy in Advanced Steelmaking, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben, Austria
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inclusion Metallurgy in Advanced Steelmaking, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben, Austria.
| | - Magdalena Eskinja
- Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Masoud Moshtaghi
- Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
- Laboratory of Steel Structures, LUT University, P.O. Box 20, 53851, Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Gregor Mori
- Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
| | - Thomas Prohaska
- Department of General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
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3
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Senila M, Kovacs E. Use of diffusive gradients in thin-film technique to predict the mobility and transfer of nutrients and toxic elements from agricultural soil to crops-an overview of recent studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34817-34838. [PMID: 38739340 PMCID: PMC11136807 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this review was to survey the recent applications of the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique in the assessment of mobility and bioavailability of nutrients and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in agricultural soil. Many studies compared the capabilities of the DGT technique with those of classical soil chemical extractants used in single or sequential procedures to predict nutrients and PTE bioavailability to crops. In most of the published works, the DGT technique was reported to be superior to the conventional chemical extraction and fractionation methods in obtaining significant correlations with the metals and metalloids accumulated in crops. In the domain of nutrient bioavailability assessment, DGT-based studies focused mainly on phosphorous and selenium labile fraction measurement, but potassium, manganese, and nitrogen were also studied using the DGT tool. Different DGT configurations are reported, using binding and diffusive layers specific for certain analytes (Hg, P, and Se) or gels with wider applicability, such as Chelex-based binding gels for metal cations and ferrihydrite-based hydrogels for oxyanions. Overall, the literature demonstrates that the DGT technique is relevant for the evaluation of metal and nutrient bioavailability to crops, due to its capacity to mimic the plant root uptake process, which justifies future improvement efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Senila
- INCDO INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Donath 67, 400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Eniko Kovacs
- INCDO INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, Donath 67, 400293, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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4
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Bognár Z, Mosshammer M, Brodersen KE, Bollati E, Gyurcsányi RE, Kühl M. Multiparameter Sensing of Oxygen and pH at Biological Interfaces via Hyperspectral Imaging of Luminescent Sensor Nanoparticles. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1763-1774. [PMID: 38607997 PMCID: PMC11060167 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Chemical dynamics in biological samples are seldom stand-alone processes but represent the outcome of complicated cascades of interlinked reaction chains. In order to understand these processes and how they correlate, it is important to monitor several parameters simultaneously at high spatial and temporal resolution. Hyperspectral imaging is a promising tool for this, as it provides broad-range spectral information in each pixel, enabling the use of multiple luminescent indicator dyes, while simultaneously providing information on sample structures and optical properties. In this study, we first characterized pH- and O2-sensitive indicator dyes incorporated in different polymer matrices as optical sensor nanoparticles to provide a library for (hyperspectral) chemical imaging. We then demonstrate the successful combination of a pH-sensitive indicator dye (HPTS(DHA)3), an O2-sensitive indicator dye (PtTPTBPF), and two reference dyes (perylene and TFPP), incorporated in polymer nanoparticles for multiparameter chemical imaging of complex natural samples such as green algal biofilms (Chlorella sorokiniana) and seagrass leaves (Zostera marina) with high background fluorescence. We discuss the system-specific challenges and limitations of our approach and further optimization possibilities. Our study illustrates how multiparameter chemical imaging with hyperspectral read-out can now be applied on natural samples, enabling the alignment of several chemical parameters to sample structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Bognár
- BME
“Lendület” Chemical Nanosensors Research Group,
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest 1111, Hungary
- Center
for Visualizing Catalytic Processes (VISION), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Fysikvej 307, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Maria Mosshammer
- Marine
Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, Helsingo̷r 3000, Denmark
| | - Kasper E. Brodersen
- Marine
Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, Helsingo̷r 3000, Denmark
- Environmental
Dynamics, Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, Roskilde 4000, Denmark
| | - Elena Bollati
- Marine
Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, Helsingo̷r 3000, Denmark
| | - Róbert E. Gyurcsányi
- BME
“Lendület” Chemical Nanosensors Research Group,
Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest 1111, Hungary
- HUN-REN-BME
Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University
of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine
Biology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, Helsingo̷r 3000, Denmark
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5
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Liu H, Chi L, Shen J, Arandiyan H, Wang Y, Wang X. Principles, applications, and limitations of diffusive gradients in thin films induced fluxed in soils and sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141061. [PMID: 38159729 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique serves as a passive sampling method, inducing analyte transport and concentration. Its application is widespread in assessing labile components of metals, organic matter, and nutrients across various environmental media such as water, sediments, and saturated soils. The DGT devices effectively reduce the porewater concentration through irreversible binding of solutes, consequently promoting the release of labile species from the soil/sediment solid phase. However, the precise quantification of simultaneous adsorption and desorption of labile species using DGT devices alone remains a challenge. To address this challenge, the DGT-Induced Fluxes in Soils and Sediments (DIFS) model was developed. This model simulates analyte kinetics in solid phases, solutions, and binding resins by incorporating factors such as soil properties, resupply parameters, and kinetic principles. While the DIFS model has been iteratively improved to increase its accuracy in portraying kinetic behavior in soil/sediment, researchers' incomplete comprehension of it still results in unrealistic fitting outcomes and an oversight of the profound implications posed by kinetic parameters during implementation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the optimization and utilization of DIFS models, encompassing fundamental concepts behind DGT devices and DIFS models, the kinetic interpretation of DIFS parameters, and instances where the model has been applied to study soils and sediments. It also highlights preexisting limitations of the DIFS model and offers suggestions for more precise modeling in real-world environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaji Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Lina Chi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Jian Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Hamidreza Arandiyan
- Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia; Centre for Advanced Materials and Industrial Chemistry (CAMIC), School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Xinze Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Observation and Research Station of Erhai Lake Ecosystem in Yunnan, Dali, 671000, China; Yunnan Dali Research Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali, 67100, China.
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6
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Moens C, Lombi E, Howard DL, Wagner S, Payne JL, Kopittke PM, Doolette CL. Mapping Phosphorus Availability in Soil at a Large Scale and High Resolution Using Novel Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Designed for X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:440-448. [PMID: 38108297 PMCID: PMC10785753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel binding layer (BL) as part of the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique was developed for the two-dimensional visualization and quantification of labile phosphorus (P) in soils. This BL was designed for P detection by synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM). It differs from the conventional DGT BL as the hydrogel is eliminated to overcome the issue that the fluorescent X-rays of P are detected mainly from shallow sample depths. Instead, the novel design is based on a polyimide film (Kapton) onto which finely powdered titanium dioxide-based P binding agent (Metsorb) was applied, resulting in superficial P binding only. The BL was successfully used for quantitative visualization of P diffusion from three conventional P fertilizers applied to two soils. On a selection of samples, XFM analysis was confirmed by quantitative laser-ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The XFM method detected significant differences in labile P concentrations and P diffusion zone radii with the P fertilizer incubation, which were explained by soil and fertilizer properties. This development paves the way for fast XFM analysis of P on large DGT BLs to investigate in situ diffusion of labile P from fertilizers and to visualize large-scale P cycling processes at high spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Moens
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
- Division
of Soil and Water Management, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Daryl L. Howard
- Australian
Synchrotron, ANSTO Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department
General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical
Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - Justin L. Payne
- UniSA
STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Peter M. Kopittke
- School
of
Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University
of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Casey L. Doolette
- Future
Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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7
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Wang T, Liao C, Jiang Z, Wang J, Ma Y, Lin H, Zhang Y, Lv H, Zhang X, Hu Y, Yang Y, Zhou G. Ratiometric fluorescent sensor with large pseudo-Stokes shifts for precise sensing and imaging of pH without interferential background fluorescence. Talanta 2024; 266:125041. [PMID: 37556950 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Endowing fluorescent pH sensors with large Stokes shifts promises to resolve interferential background fluorescence in practice, and yet few such method has been reported, owing to lack of luminescent materials with large Stokes shifts used in fluorescent sensors. Herein, we elaborately designed NaGdF4:Ce@NaGdF4:Nd@NaYF4:Eu core-double shells (CDS) lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles (LFNPs), employing Gd3+-mediated energy migration and interfacial energy transfer to realize intense red and NIR emissions under 254 nm irradiation, and pseudo-Stokes shifts of which reached up to striking 361 nm and 610 nm, respectively. The CDS LFNPs collaborated with absorption-based pH indicator bromocresol green to from a novel fluorescent sensor film, and employing low-cost dual chip RGB-NIR camera to precisely record luminescence signals. On the basis of inner-filter effects, this senor system enabled accurate ratiometric read-out of pH value ranging from 5 to 6 (pKa ± 0.5), according to intensity ratios of pH-sensitive red emissions and referenced NIR emissions, avoiding common errors (e.g., fluctuant light sources). Notably, the large pseudo-Stokes shifts allowed red and NIR emissions far from the interfering background fluorescence possessing relatively small Stokes shifts, ensuring elevated signal-to-noise ratio and accurate pH determination. Therefore, the devised pH sensor system based on the CDS LFNPs exhibited sufficient accuracy in autofluorescent real samples (e.g., algae, serum), revealing a novel way of employing large pseudo-Stokes shifts to realize the background-free pH measurement and 2D imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Chuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Zike Jiang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China.
| | - Haitao Lin
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Hongmin Lv
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Yimeng Hu
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Yingdong Yang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Qingdao 266061, PR China
| | - Guangjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
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8
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He Y, Ding N, Yu G, Sunahara GI, Lin H, Zhang X, Ullah H, Liu J. High-resolution imaging of O 2 dynamics and metal solubilization in the rhizosphere of the hyperaccumulator Leersia hexandra Swartz. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131580. [PMID: 37167872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The mobilization of trace metals in the rhizosphere can be affected by the redox potential, which is closely related to the O2 dynamics. This study examined the distributions of O2 and trace metals in the rhizosphere of the subaquatic hyperaccumulator Leersia hexandra Swartz under chromium (Cr) stress using planar optodes and the diffusive gradients in thin films technique coupled with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The O2 concentrations and oxidized areas in the rhizosphere significantly increased with increases in the light intensity, air humidity, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations (p < 0.05). The O2 concentration first increased with increasing ambient temperatures, then decreased when the temperature increased from 25 to 32 ℃. The O2 concentration in the rhizosphere was significantly decreased under Cr stress (p < 0.05), with a prolonged response time to the altered ambient temperature. Cr stress led to decreased mobilities of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sb, V, W, and Zn in the rhizosphere, which were negatively correlated with the concentrations of O2. These results provide new insights into the role of changes in the O2 concentration induced by the roots of hyperaccumulator plants in controlling the mobility of trace metals in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Na Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Guo Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin University of Technology, 541000 Guilin, China.
| | - Geoffrey I Sunahara
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hua Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin University of Technology, 541000 Guilin, China.
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin University of Technology, 541000 Guilin, China
| | - Habib Ullah
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin University of Technology, 541000 Guilin, China
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9
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Honeyman AS, Merl T, Spear JR, Koren K. Optode-based chemical imaging of laboratory burned soil reveals millimeter-scale heterogeneous biogeochemical responses. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115469. [PMID: 36773636 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soil spatial responses to fire are unclear. Using optical chemical sensing with planar 'optodes', pH and dissolved O2 concentration were tracked spatially with a resolution of 360 μm per pixel for 72 h after burning soil in the laboratory with a butane torch (∼1300 °C) and then sprinkling water to simulate a postfire moisture event. Imaging data from planar optodes correlated with microbial activity (quantified via RNA transcripts). Post-fire and post-wetting, soil pH increased throughout the entire ∼13 cm × 17 cm × 20 cm rectangular cuboid of sandy loam soil. Dissolved O2 concentrations were not impacted until the application of water postfire. pH and dissolved O2 both negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with relative transcript expression for galactose metabolism, the degradation of aromatic compounds, sulfur metabolism, and narH. Additionally, dissolved O2 negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the relative activity of carbon fixation pathways in Bacteria and Archaea, amoA/amoB, narG, nirK, and nosZ. nifH was not detected in any samples. Only amoB and amoC correlated with depth in soil (p < 0.05). Results demonstrate that postfire soils are spatially complex on a mm scale and that using optode-based chemical imaging as a chemical navigator for RNA transcript sampling is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Honeyman
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Theresa Merl
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - John R Spear
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO, 80401, USA; Quantitative Biosciences and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois Street, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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10
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Lin J, Liu M, Zhuang S, Geng B, Wang X, Ma J, Chen M. Effects on the migration and speciation of heavy metals by combined capping and biochemical oxidation during sediment remediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162055. [PMID: 36754328 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Capping and oxidation by lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) and calcium nitrate (CN) has a dual effect of deep phosphorus (P)/arsenic (As) clearance and surface P/As blockade. However, little information is available on the effect of LMB and CN on heavy metals. In this study, we hypothesize that LMB and CN exerted the same synergistic effect on heavy metals as P and As. We verified this through Rhizon samplers, diffusive gradients in thin films technology (DGT) and planar optode (PO) methods. The results showed that individual and combined LMB and CN treatments temporarily decreased but eventually increased the dissolved oxygen of the sediment-water interface (SWI). DGT-labile sulfide in the surface 110 mm sediment, soluble Fe(II) and DGT-labile Fe(II) in the surface 80 mm sediment were eliminated within 30 days by CN and LMB + CN treatments. A temporary sharp increase in soluble Fe, Mn, Co, and DGT-labile Mn, Co, Cu, and Ni was observed in CN and LMB + CN groups probably due to sulfide oxidation and carbonate dissolution. LMB + CN group showed a less-intense increase in DGT-labile metals and less metal release than the CN group (inferred from the total metal content). This indicates that LMB and CN had a synergistic effect on heavy metals. When using the LMB + CN treatment, LMB partly adsorbed and blocked metal release in sulfide and carbonate bound forms and finally transformed them into Fe and Mn oxides and residual forms. We suggest that CN should be combined with capping agents (at an appropriate pH) to compact sediments and block metal exchange at the SWI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Mengling Liu
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Sunling Zhuang
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Bing Geng
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Xiaodi Wang
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Jiasheng Ma
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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11
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Hummel C, Daudin G, Gerzabek MH, Santner J, Wenzel WW, Oburger E. Chemical imaging reveals environmental risk of minor tungsten and lead shotgun pellet constituents during weathering in soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163554. [PMID: 37088395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten (W)-based shots are considered more environmentally safe than lead (Pb)-based shots, but knowledge about the W-shot fate in the soil environment is still limited, especially in terms of minor constituents such as iron, copper, and nickel (Ni). Contaminant behaviour in soil strongly depends on pH; in turn, the corrosion of metal composites may affect the pH locally. The aim of this study was to compare Pb- and W-shot weathering dynamics in soil (silt loam, pH 6.3) and reveal the interplay of shot weathering-induced pH-changes on the mobility of elements using in situ chemical imaging (Diffusive gradients in thin films for labile elements, planar optodes for soil pH) and batch incubation experiments over time (16 months). Despite our expectation to find acidification due to W oxidation, we observed a pH increase by 0.2 units in extracted soil solutions and by 0.6 units in the soil around W-shots as Ni dissolved from the binder phase of the shot. After 10 weeks, release of labile Ni was 3-times higher compared to W despite the low Ni content in the shot (7 %, m/m). Pb-shot oxidation increased soil solution pH by 0.5 units which likely supported mobility of Pb-shot-derived antimony (Sb). Steep gradients of labile W and Pb and soil solution concentrations <0.8 μmol L-1 indicated that transfer from shot to soil was low. Contrastingly, labile Ni and Sb were found up to ~4 mm from the shot surface and in higher soil solution concentrations as suggested by the shot constitution, indicating higher mobility of minor as compared to major shot constituents. After 16 months, 36 % of total Ni were dissolved in the soil solution highlighting the environmental relevance of minor shot constituents in Pb-shot alternatives after short term weathering in soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Hummel
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Gabrielle Daudin
- Eco&Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, IRD, Institut Agro, 2 place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Martin H Gerzabek
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jakob Santner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Institute of Agronomy, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria; Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Institute of Plant Nutrition, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35390 Gießen, Germany
| | - Walter W Wenzel
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Eva Oburger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Konrad-Lorenz Strasse 24, A-3430 Tulln, Austria.
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12
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Ren M, Zhong Z, Ding S, Wang J, Dai Z, Li C, Cao J, Wang Y, Yu Z, Zhang C. Selective and simultaneous high resolution 2-D imaging of As III, Cr III and Sb III and dissolved oxygen by developing a new DGT technique comprising a hybrid sensor. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 835:155460. [PMID: 35472342 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new diffusive gradients in thin films technique (HR-MPTS DGT) with mercapto-functionalized attapulgite in a binding gel was developed for simultaneous two-dimensional (2-D) chemical imaging of AsIII, CrIII and SbIII selectively at the submillimeter scale, combined with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analysis. The HR-MPTS DGT exhibited selective accumulation of AsIII, SbIII and CrIII (> 97%), yet negligible accumulation of AsV, SbV and CrVI (< 2%). Accumulation of AsIII, CrIII and SbIII on the binding gel had a linear relationship (R2 > 0.99) with the corresponding standardized laser ablation signals, proving the feasibility of LA-ICP-MS analysis. Analysis for AsIII, CrIII and SbIII was provided with favorable analytical precision (relative standard deviation <10%). With the purpose of evaluating the dynamics of AsIII, CrIII, SbIII and O2 in the rooting zone, a hybrid sensor, which comprises the HR-MPTS gel overlying an O2 planar optode, was deployed in rhizosphere sediments. Results showed that the consumption of both AsIII and SbIII due to the oxidation extended ~4.48 mm into the sediments, which was consistent with the extension length of the oxidized sediment layers around the roots created by O2 leakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhilin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210018, China.
| | - Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
| | - Zhihui Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Cai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingxin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science& Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- School of Geography, Archaeology & Irish Studies, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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13
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Shiono K, Koshide A, Iwasaki K, Oguri K, Fukao T, Larsen M, Glud RN. Imaging the snorkel effect during submerged germination in rice: Oxygen supply via the coleoptile triggers seminal root emergence underwater. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946776. [PMID: 35968087 PMCID: PMC9372499 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Submergence during germination impedes aerobic metabolisms and limits the growth of most higher plants. However, some wetland plants including rice can germinate under submerged conditions. It has long been hypothesized that the first elongating shoot tissue, the coleoptile, acts as a snorkel to acquire atmospheric oxygen (O2) to initiate the first leaf elongation and seminal root emergence. Here, we obtained direct evidence for this hypothesis by visualizing the spatiotemporal O2 dynamics during submerged germination in rice using a planar O2 optode system. In parallel with the O2 imaging, we tracked the anatomical development of shoot and root tissues in real-time using an automated flatbed scanner. Three hours after the coleoptile tip reached the water surface, O2 levels around the embryo transiently increased. At this time, the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), an enzyme critical for anaerobic metabolism, was significantly reduced, and the coleorhiza covering the seminal roots in the embryo was broken. Approximately 10 h after the transient burst in O2, seminal roots emerged. A transient O2 burst around the embryo was shown to be essential for seminal root emergence during submerged rice germination. The parallel application of a planar O2 optode system and automated scanning system can be a powerful tool for examining how environmental conditions affect germination in rice and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiro Shiono
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Akiko Koshide
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazunari Iwasaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Oguri
- HADAL and Nordcee, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Research Institute of Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fukao
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui, Japan
| | - Morten Larsen
- HADAL and Nordcee, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ronnie N. Glud
- HADAL and Nordcee, Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Ocean and Environmental Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Japan
- Danish Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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14
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In situ spatiotemporal solute imaging of metal corrosion on the example of magnesium. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1212:339910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Zieger S, Jones PD, Koren K. Noise versus Resolution in Optical Chemical Imaging-How Reliable Are Our Measurements? ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11829-11838. [PMID: 35449925 PMCID: PMC9016884 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical chemical imaging has established itself as a valuable technique for visualizing analyte distributions in 2D, notably in medical, biological, and environmental applications. In particular for image acquisitions on small scales between few millimeter to the micrometer range, as well as in heterogeneous samples with steep analyte gradients, image resolution is essential. When individual pixels are inspected, however, image noise becomes a metric as relevant as image accuracy and precision, and denoising filters are applied to preserve relevant information. While denoising filters smooth the image noise, they can also lead to a loss of spatial resolution and thus to a loss of relevant information about analyte distributions. To investigate the trade-off between image resolution and noise reduction for information preservation, we studied the impact of random camera noise and noise due to incorrect camera settings on oxygen optodes using the ratiometric imaging technique. First, we estimated the noise amplification across the calibration process using a Monte Carlo simulation for nonlinear fit models. We demonstrated how initially marginal random camera noise results in a significant standard deviation (SD) for oxygen concentration of up to 2.73% air under anoxic conditions, although the measurement was conducted under ideal conditions and over 270 thousand sample pixels were considered during calibration. Second, we studied the effect of the Gaussian denoising filter on a steep oxygen gradient and investigated the impact when the smoothing filter is applied during data processing. Finally, we demonstrated the effectiveness of a Savitzky-Golay filter compared to the well-established Gaussian filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia
E. Zieger
- Aarhus
University Centre for Water Technology
(WATEC), Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Peter D. Jones
- NMI
Natural and Medical Sciences Institute at the University of Tübingen, 72770, Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus
University Centre for Water Technology
(WATEC), Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
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16
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Nyer SC, Volkenborn N, Aller RC, Graffam M, Zhu Q, Price RE. Nitrogen transformations in constructed wetlands: A closer look at plant-soil interactions using chemical imaging. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151560. [PMID: 34785218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands have long been used for domestic wastewater treatment. Despite the widespread application of constructed wetlands for wastewater remediation, they are still regarded as a black box in terms of the complex biogeochemical processes occurring internally, particularly with respect to plant-soil (and nitrogen) interactions. Additionally, many critical processes pertaining to nitrogen transformations in constructed wetlands are thought to occur in microzones within the rhizosphere, highlighting the need for studies with sub-cm spatial resolution. In this study we coupled nitrogen porewater measurements with chemical imaging to determine spatio-temporal patterns in porewater O2 and pH to assess the extent of plant-induced changes in soil redox dynamics that influence nitrogen biogeochemical cycling during dosed application of nitrogen-rich artificial wastewater. Planar optode imaging revealed extensive O2 fluxes to otherwise anoxic sediment via radial oxygen loss (ROL) from Typha latifolia roots. The contribution of photosynthetic O2 from this plant species was minimal as a strong oxic signal persisted in darkness (diel cycles). NH4+ and NOx- removal were strongly correlated with the extent of oxic and anoxic areas, a function largely attributed to the presence of plants and the associated enhanced microbial communities supported. The distribution of nitrogen species within the Typha rhizosphere exhibited reproducible trends as a function of distance from roots, with concentrations highest close to roots (1-5 mm from root surface) and subsequently decreasing at greater distances. Microscale spatio-temporal redox heterogeneity within the rhizosphere due to ROL imposed by plants promoted nitrogen removal likely by stimulating the coupling between nitrification and denitrification in these systems. Collectively, this study highlights the profound importance of plants in exerting controls on soil conditions and nitrogen cycling in constructed wetland systems. With careful considerations, constructed wetlands designed to promote wetland plants' functions may enhance nitrogen removal and mitigate nitrogen pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Nyer
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
| | - Nils Volkenborn
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Robert C Aller
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Molly Graffam
- Cornell Cooperative Extension of Suffolk County, Riverhead, NY 11901, USA
| | - Qingzhi Zhu
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Roy E Price
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; The New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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17
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Doolette CL, Howard DL, Afshar N, Kewish CM, Paterson DJ, Huang J, Wagner S, Santner J, Wenzel WW, Raimondo T, De Vries Van Leeuwen AT, Hou L, van der Bom F, Weng H, Kopittke PM, Lombi E. Tandem Probe Analysis Mode for Synchrotron XFM: Doubling Throughput Capacity. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4584-4593. [PMID: 35276040 PMCID: PMC8943523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) analysis is a powerful technique that can be used to visualize elemental distributions across a broad range of sample types. Compared to conventional mapping techniques such as laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry or benchtop XFM, synchrotron-based XFM provides faster and more sensitive analyses. However, access to synchrotron XFM beamlines is highly competitive, and as a result, these beamlines are often oversubscribed. Therefore, XFM experiments that require many large samples to be scanned can penalize beamline throughput. Our study was largely driven by the need to scan large gels (170 cm2) using XFM without decreasing beamline throughput. We describe a novel approach for acquiring two sets of XFM data using two fluorescence detectors in tandem; essentially performing two separate experiments simultaneously. We measured the effects of tandem scanning on beam quality by analyzing a range of contrasting samples downstream while simultaneously scanning different gel materials upstream. The upstream gels were thin (<200 μm) diffusive gradients in thin-film (DGT) binding gels. DGTs are passive samplers that are deployed in water, soil, and sediment to measure the concentration and distribution of potentially bioavailable nutrients and contaminants. When deployed on soil, DGTs are typically small (2.5 cm2), so we developed large DGTs (170 cm2), which can be used to provide extensive maps to visualize the diffusion of fertilizers in soil. Of the DGT gel materials tested (bis-acrylamide, polyacrylamide, and polyurethane), polyurethane gels were most suitable for XFM analysis, having favorable handling, drying, and analytical properties. This gel type enabled quantitative (>99%) transmittance with minimal (<3%) flux variation during raster scanning, whereas the other gels had a substantial effect on the beam focus. For the first time, we have (1) used XFM for mapping analytes in large DGTs and (2) developed a tandem probe analysis mode for synchrotron-based XFM, effectively doubling throughput. The novel tandem probe analysis mode described here is of broad applicability across many XFM beamlines as it could be used for future experiments where any uniform, highly transmissive sample could be analyzed upstream in the "background" of downstream samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey L Doolette
- Future Industries Institutes, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Daryl L Howard
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Nader Afshar
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Cameron M Kewish
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.,Department of Chemistry and Physics, School of Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - David J Paterson
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jianyin Huang
- Future Industries Institutes, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.,UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben 8700, Austria.,Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln 3430, Austria.,Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Jakob Santner
- Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Walter W Wenzel
- Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Tom Raimondo
- Future Industries Institutes, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.,UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | | | - Lei Hou
- Future Industries Institutes, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Frederik van der Bom
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Han Weng
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Peter M Kopittke
- The University of Queensland, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Future Industries Institutes, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia.,UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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18
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Krujatz F, Dani S, Windisch J, Emmermacher J, Hahn F, Mosshammer M, Murthy S, Steingroewer J, Walther T, Kühl M, Gelinsky M, Lode A. Think outside the box: 3D bioprinting concepts for biotechnological applications – recent developments and future perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107930. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Cadmium migration from nib to testa during cacao fermentation is driven by nib acidification. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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20
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Lin J, Fu Z, Yao J, Wei X, Wang D, Ning D, Chen M. Behavior of iron and other heavy metals in passivated sediments and the coupling effect on phosphorus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152151. [PMID: 34875323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In situ passivation, which is easy to operate and affordable, is one of the most commonly used methods for sediment phosphorus (P) remediation. Understanding the behavior of iron and other heavy metals in passivated sediments is important for alleviating lake eutrophication and for ensuring drinking water safety. In this study, we investigated the behavior of P, Fe, Mn, Cd, Co, and Pb in lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB, Phoslock®) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC)-passivated sediments using intact sediment cores. Rhizon sampler and diffusive gradients in thin films technology (DGT) were respectively used to collect soluble and labile substances in sediment; a modified sequential selective extraction method was used to characterize metal forms. Results showed that LMB reduced soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) at sediment depths of 0 ~ -15 mm and DGT-labile P flux at 0 ~ -50 mm. Correlation between DGT-labile P and Fe (R2 = 0.71) indicated that P mobility in the LMB group was affected by the behavior of Fe. PAC decreased SRP at sediment depths of 0, -5, -10, -15, -20, -25, and -50 mm with removal rates of 100%, 90%, 45%, 35%, 81%, 89%, and 100%, respectively. DGT-labile P flux was decreased by PAC at 0 ~ -10 mm and -50 ~ -110 mm, but increased at -10 ~ -50 mm; this is a result of synthetical effect by Al flocs adsorption and Fe(III) reductive dissolution. LMB decreased Cd, Co, and Pb in LMB layer in carbonate, reducible, and oxidizable forms. PAC decreased Cd mobility but caused the transformation of Co and Pb from reducible to other forms because of Fe(III) reductive dissolution. Those results indicate that sedimentary Fe plays an important role in in situ passivation. We suggest modifying passivators to Fe(II) adsorbents and increasing DO permeability of sediment to promote the formation of an Fe(III) passivation layer and hence the effectiveness of P control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Zhen Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jiawen Yao
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Dongliang Ning
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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21
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Liu Z, Williams PN, Fang W, Ji R, Han C, Ren J, Li H, Yin D, Fan J, Xu H, Luo J. Enhanced mobilization of Cd from commercial pigments in the rhizosphere of flooded lowland rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151032. [PMID: 34695462 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although yellow Cd pigments (Cd-YP), widely used in industrial colorants, are considered inert, increasing evidence suggests once released into the environment, photobleaching/weathering mobilizes Cd from these pigments posing a pollution threat. Although general redox conditions and biotic/microbial activity are known to be important factors in determining Cd release, how spatial trends and specific soil processes regulate the Cd-YP behavior are poorly understood. Using plant rhizotrons in controlled environmental conditions, this study investigated the behavior of Cd-YP amendments matched to levels (15 mg kg-1) representative of contaminated soils in Yixing, China. Using high-resolution two-dimensional diffusive-gradient-in-thin-films (HR-2D-DGT), planar-optode (PO) multilayer systems alongside targeted soil and porewater sampling for chemical analysis the biogeochemistry associated with Cd mobilization from Cd-YP rice rhizospheres were determined. The results showed that there was a significant release of Cd into soil porewaters (51.5 μg L-1), but this reduced by 90.9% and stabilized over time (after 6-days). HR-2D-DGT ion-maps revealed pronounced spatial variances. The flux-maxima for Cd, which located within aerobic-rhizosphere zones, was 9 to 19-fold higher than in associated anoxic bulk soil. In general, zones of radial O2 loss (ROL)/higher redox conditions and lower pH were associated with Cd release, with S2- to SO42- transitions marking the boundaries of high-flux areas. Some isolated colocalization of Fe and Cd hotspots were observed in lateral root regions, but on-the-whole Fe/Mn and Cd release were not linked. In addition, microniche development was also an important feature of Cd mobilization due to soil heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment of Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, United Kingdom
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jinghua Ren
- Technology Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), MNR Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Hanbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Daixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jian Fan
- Technology Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), MNR Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Hongting Xu
- Technology Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), MNR Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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22
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Li C, Ding S, Chen M, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Ma X, Zhong Z, Tsang DCW, Wang Y. Mechanistic insights into trace metal mobilization at the micro-scale in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150735. [PMID: 34606867 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mobilization of trace metals in the rhizosphere of macrophytes is controlled by root-driven chemical changes, especially the steep gradients of O2 and pH from the rhizosphere to bulk sediments. Here, the O2 and pH dynamics, and the distribution of trace metal, in the rhizosphere of Vallisneria spiralis were obtained using planar optodes and diffusive gradients in thin films, respectively. Radial O2 loss (ROL) and acidification occurred on all visible roots of V. spiralis and exhibited highly spatiotemporal dynamics depending on the root growth and various environmental conditions. Trace metals showed different mobilization mechanisms in the rhizosphere. ROL and produced Fe(III) (oxyhydr)oxides decreased the mobility of Fe, As, Co, V and W in the rhizosphere. However, Mn, Ni and Cu exhibited greater mobility in the rhizosphere than bulk sediments as a result of the oxidation of metal sulfide and proton-induced dissolution of minerals. In particular, Co and Ni presented increased activity at the interface between rhizosphere and bulk sediment, which was attributed to the redox dissolution processes of Fe and Mn as a result of ROL and rhizosphere acidification. These results provide new insights into the roles of macrophyte root-induced O2 and pH changes in controlling trace metal mobility in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qin Sun
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zhilin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Yuan H, Cai Y, Yang Z, Li Q, Liu E, Yin H. Phosphorus removal from sediments by Potamogeton crispus: New high-resolution in-situ evidence for rhizosphere assimilation and oxidization-induced retention. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 109:181-192. [PMID: 34607667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems, but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application. In this study, we used the novel technologies combined of Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT), Planar optode (PO), and Non-invasive micro-test technology (NMT) to explore P dynamics in water-sediment continuum and rhizosphere of Potamogeton crispus over time. Results of the high-resolution in situ measurement showed that labile P(LPDGT) fluxes at the surficial sediment significantly decreased from approximate 120, 140, and 200 pg/ (cm2•sec) via 30 days incubation period to 17, 40, and 56 pg/(cm2•sec) via that of 15 days. Obvious synchronous increase of LPDGT was not detected in overlying water, suggesting the intense assimilation of dissolve reactive P via root over time. PO measurement indicated that O2 concentration around the rhizosphere remarkably increased and radially diffused into deeper sediment until 100% saturation along with the root stretch downwards. NMT detection of roots showed the obvious O2 inflow into root tissue with the uppermost flux of 30 pmol/(cm2•sec) from surroundings via aerenchyma on different treatment conditions. Different from previous reports, gradually saturating O2 concentrations around the rhizosphere was principally driven by O2 penetration through interspace attributing to root stretch downward rather than root O2 leakage. Increased O2 concentrations in deep sediment over time finally induced the oxidization of labile Fe(II) into Fe(III) bound P and local P immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezhong Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Yiwei Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control and Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706 Madison, WI, United States
| | - Enfeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250359, China
| | - Hongbin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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24
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Jiménez JDLC, Pellegrini E, Pedersen O, Nakazono M. Radial Oxygen Loss from Plant Roots—Methods. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112322. [PMID: 34834684 PMCID: PMC8622749 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In flooded soils, an efficient internal aeration system is essential for root growth and plant survival. Roots of many wetland species form barriers to restrict radial O2 loss (ROL) to the rhizosphere. The formation of such barriers greatly enhances longitudinal O2 diffusion from basal parts towards the root tip, and the barrier also impedes the entry of phytotoxic compounds produced in flooded soils into the root. Nevertheless, ROL from roots is an important source of O2 for rhizosphere oxygenation and the oxidation of toxic compounds. In this paper, we review the methodological aspects for the most widely used techniques for the qualitative visualization and quantitative determination of ROL from roots. Detailed methodological approaches, practical set-ups and examples of ROL from roots with or without barriers to ROL are included. This paper provides practical knowledge relevant to several disciplines, including plant–soil interactions, biogeochemistry and eco-physiological aspects of roots and soil biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan de la Cruz Jiménez
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
- Correspondence:
| | - Elisa Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via delle Scienze 206, 33100 Udine, Italy;
- The Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Ole Pedersen
- The Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Mikio Nakazono
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan;
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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25
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Li C, Ding S, Ma X, Chen M, Zhong Z, Zhang Y, Ren M, Zhang M, Yang L, Rong N, Wang Y. O 2 distribution and dynamics in the rhizosphere of Phragmites australis, and implications for nutrient removal in sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117193. [PMID: 33989948 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Root-triggered microscale variations in O2 distribution in the rhizosphere of young Phragmites australis are important for nutrient removal in sediments. In this study, the micro-scale O2 dynamics and the small-scale changes of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ammonium (NH4+) in the rhizosphere of P. australis were investigated using planar optodes and high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper), respectively. Results suggested that root O2 leakage has a highly variable distribution depending on the stage of root growth, the site of O2 leakage gradually shift from the entire emerging main roots to the main root tip and subsequently shifted the emerging lateral roots. The O2 concentration increased in the rhizosphere with increasing light intensity and O2 levels in the overlying water. Continuous O2 release from the lateral roots causes the formation of iron plaque on the surface of lateral roots, which reduce the mobility of P by adsorption of iron plaque in the rhizosphere. The oscillation of oxic-anoxic root zones improves nitrogen removal through the processes of anammox, heterotrophic denitrification and nitrification. This work from the micro-scale demonstrates that the O2 concentration is the spatio-temporal variations in the rhizosphere, and it presents an important role for nutrient removal in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zhilin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Mingyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Nan Rong
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China
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26
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Fang W, Williams PN, Zhang H, Yang Y, Yin D, Liu Z, Sun H, Luo J. Combining Multiple High-Resolution In Situ Techniques to Understand Phosphorous Availability Around Rice Roots. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:13082-13092. [PMID: 34554745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Resolving chemical/biological drivers of P behavior around lowland/flooded rice roots remains a challenge because of the heterogeneity of the plant-soil interactions, compounded by sampling and analytical constraints. High-spatial-resolution (sub-mm) visualization enables these processes to be isolated, characterized, and deciphered. Here, three advanced soil imaging systems, diffusive gradients in thin-film technique coupled with laser ablation-ICPMS (DGT-LA-ICPMS), O2 planar optode, and soil zymography, were integrated. This trio of approaches was then applied to a rice life cycle study to quantify solute-P supply, through two dimensions, in situ, and low-disturbance high-resolution (HR) chemical imaging. This allowed mechanisms of P release to be delineated by O2, Fe, and phosphatase activity mapping at the same scale. HR-DGT revealed P depletion around both living and dead rice roots but with highly spatially variable Fe/P ratios (∼0.2-12.0) which aligned with changing redox conditions and root activities. Partnering of HR-DGT and soil zymography revealed concurrent P depletion and phosphatase hotspots in the rhizosphere and detritusphere zones (Mantel: 0.610-0.810, p < 0.01). This close affinity between these responses (Pearson correlation: -0.265 to -0.660, p < 0.01) cross-validates the measurements and reaffirms that P depletion stimulates phosphatase activity and Porg mineralization. The μ-scale biogeochemical landscape of rice rhizospheres and detritusphere, as documented here, needs greater consideration when implementing interventions to improve sustainable P nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, David Keir Building, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BN, Northern Ireland
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Daixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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27
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Fang W, Yang Y, Wang H, Yang D, Luo J, Williams PN. Rice Rhizospheric Effects on the Bioavailability of Toxic Trace Elements during Land Application of Biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7344-7354. [PMID: 33730498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Land application of biochar, the product of organic waste carbonization, can improve soil fertility as well as sequester carbon to mitigate climate change. In addition, biochar can greatly influence the bioavailability of toxic trace elements (TTEs) in soils resulting from its large internal surface areas, abundance in organic carbon, and ability to modify soil pH. Most research to date employs batch leaching tests to predict how biochar addition impacts TTE bioavailability, but these ex situ tests rarely considered the rhizospheric effect which might offset or intensify the changes induced by organic residue addition. This is especially so in rice rhizospheres because of strong clines in localized redox conditions. In this study, we adopted in situ high-resolution (HR) diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) as well as rhizo-bag porewater sampling experiments to depict an overall picture of the difference in TTE (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, and Pb) bioavailability between the rice rhizosphere and bulk soils during land application of biochar. Porewater sampling experiments revealed that biochar additions stimulated TTE release due to the increase of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and H+ concentrations. In the rhizosphere, although biochar still promoted As, Cd, and Ni release into porewaters, the rhizospheric effect was one of dampening/reduction compared with the bulk soil. When we focused on the localized changes of TTE bioavailability in the rhizosphere using an in situ HR-DGT approach, on the contrary, flux maxima of Cd, Cu, and Ni occurred near/on the root surface, and hot spots of As can be observed at peripheries of the rooting zone, which demonstrated the high heterogeneity and complexity of the rhizosphere's influence on TTE bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Danxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, United Kingdom
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28
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Koren K, Zieger SE. Optode Based Chemical Imaging-Possibilities, Challenges, and New Avenues in Multidimensional Optical Sensing. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1671-1680. [PMID: 33905234 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Seeing is believing, as the saying goes, and optical sensors (so-called optodes) are tools that can make chemistry visible. Optodes react reversibly and quickly (seconds to minutes) to changing analyte concentrations, enabling the spatial and temporal visualization of an analyte in complex environments. By being available as planar sensor foils or in the form of nano- or microparticles, optodes are flexible tools suitable for a wide array of applications. The steadily grown applications of in particular oxygen (O2) and pH optodes in fields as diverse as medical, environmental, or material sciences is proof for the large demand of optode based chemical imaging. Nevertheless, the full potential of this technology is not exhausted yet, challenges have to be overcome, and new avenues wait to be taken. Within this Perspective, we look at where the field currently stands, highlight several successful examples of optode based chemical imaging and ask what it will take to advance current state-of-the-art technology. It is our intention to point toward some potential blind spots and to inspire further developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Silvia E. Zieger
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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29
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Zhang X, Zhen W, Jensen HS, Reitzel K, Jeppesen E, Liu Z. The combined effects of macrophytes (Vallisneria denseserrulata) and a lanthanum-modified bentonite on water quality of shallow eutrophic lakes: A mesocosm study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 277:116720. [PMID: 33640814 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Establishment of submerged macrophyte beds and application of chemical phosphorus inactivation are common lake restoration methods for reducing internal phosphorus loading. The two methods operate via different mechanisms and may potentially supplement each other, especially when internal phosphorous loading is continuously high. However, their combined effects have so far not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the combined impact of the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria denseserrulata and a lanthanum-modified bentonite (Phoslock®) on water quality in a 12-week mesocosm experiment. The combined treatment led to stronger improvement of water quality and a more pronounced reduction of porewater soluble reactive phosphorus than each of the two measures. In the combined treatment, total porewater soluble reactive phosphorus in the top 10 cm sediment layers decreased by 78% compared with the control group without Phoslock® and submerged macrophytes. Besides, in the upper 0-1 cm sediment layer, mobile phosphorus was transformed into recalcitrant forms (e.g. the proportion of HCl-P increased to 64%), while in the deeper layers, (hydr)oxides-bound phosphorus species increased 17-28%. Phoslock®, however, reduced the clonal growth of V. denseserrulata by 35% of biomass (dry weight) and 27% of plant density. Our study indicated that Phoslock® and submerged macrophytes may complement each other in the early stage of lake restoration following external nutrient loading reduction in eutrophic lakes, potentially accelerating the restoration process, especially in those lakes where the internal phosphorus loading is high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhen
- Wuhan Planning & Design Co., LTD, 430014, Wuhan, China; Wuhan Zhiyue Water Ecological Technology Co., LTD, 430014, Wuhan, China
| | - Henning S Jensen
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Kasper Reitzel
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark; Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey; Institute of Marine Science, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008, Nanjing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China; Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
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30
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Tiziani R, Puschenreiter M, Smolders E, Mimmo T, Herrera JC, Cesco S, Santner J. Millimetre-resolution mapping of citrate exuded from soil-grown roots using a novel, low-invasive sampling technique. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3513-3525. [PMID: 33744951 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The reliable sampling of root exudates in soil-grown plants is experimentally challenging. This study aimed at developing a citrate sampling and mapping technique with millimetre-resolution using DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) ZrOH-binding gels. Citrate adsorption kinetics, DGT capacity, and stability of ZrOH gels were evaluated. ZrOH gels were applied to generate 2D maps of citrate exuded by white lupin roots grown in a rhizotron in a phosphorus-deficient soil. Citrate was adsorbed quantitatively and rapidly by the ZrOH gels; these gels can be stored after sampling for several weeks prior to analysis. The DGT capacity of the ZrOH gel for citrate depends on the ionic strength and the pH of the soil solution, but was suitable for citrate sampling. We generated for the first time 2D citrate maps of rhizotron-grown plants at a millimetre resolution to measure an illustrated plant response to phosphorus fertilization, demonstrating that DGT-based citrate sampling is suitable for studying root exudation in soil environments, at high spatial resolution. The change of binding material would also allow sampling of other exudate classes and exudation profiles of entire root systems. These aspects are crucial in cultivar breeding and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Tiziani
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Institute of Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tanja Mimmo
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - José Carlos Herrera
- Institute of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefano Cesco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Jakob Santner
- Institute of Agronomy, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Science, Vienna, Austria
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Lin J, Fu Z, Ding S, Ren M, Gao S. Laboratory investigation on calcium nitrate induced coupling reactions between nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and metals in contaminated sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25866-25877. [PMID: 33479870 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12441-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, calcium nitrate addition has become a promising and usually used method for in situ sediment remediation. In this study, excess calcium nitrate was applied to column sediments to explore the coupling reactions of elements such as N, Fe, S, and P. Diffusive gradients in thin film (DGT) devices were used to collect labile substances at the sediment-water interface. Rhizon samplers were used to collect soluble substances in interstitial water. Results showed that nitrate addition turned the surface sediment into a more oxidized state, and mobile Fe, S, P, and As were removed in surface ~ 10-cm sediment. Due to different nitrate distributions in corresponding sediment depths, the consumption rates of NH3-N and soluble reactive P were faster in the surface sediment than that in deeper layers. Different from previous researches, the transient increase of soluble Fe was observed in this study, which was probably attributed to the solvation of FeS in the autotrophic denitrification process. According to our results, we suggest that a dosage of far less than 141 g N/m2 and slightly more than 45.3 g N/m2 can be used for the remediation of black and odorous sediment and control of internal P by calcium nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
| | - Zhen Fu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Mingyin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuaishuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Yee MO, Kim P, Li Y, Singh AK, Northen TR, Chakraborty R. Specialized Plant Growth Chamber Designs to Study Complex Rhizosphere Interactions. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:625752. [PMID: 33841353 PMCID: PMC8032546 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.625752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhizosphere is a dynamic ecosystem shaped by complex interactions between plant roots, soil, microbial communities and other micro- and macro-fauna. Although studied for decades, critical gaps exist in the study of plant roots, the rhizosphere microbiome and the soil system surrounding roots, partly due to the challenges associated with measuring and parsing these spatiotemporal interactions in complex heterogeneous systems such as soil. To overcome the challenges associated with in situ study of rhizosphere interactions, specialized plant growth chamber systems have been developed that mimic the natural growth environment. This review discusses the currently available lab-based systems ranging from widely known rhizotrons to other emerging devices designed to allow continuous monitoring and non-destructive sampling of the rhizosphere ecosystems in real-time throughout the developmental stages of a plant. We categorize them based on the major rhizosphere processes it addresses and identify their unique challenges as well as advantages. We find that while some design elements are shared among different systems (e.g., size exclusion membranes), most of the systems are bespoke and speaks to the intricacies and specialization involved in unraveling the details of rhizosphere processes. We also discuss what we describe as the next generation of growth chamber employing the latest technology as well as the current barriers they face. We conclude with a perspective on the current knowledge gaps in the rhizosphere which can be filled by innovative chamber designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mon Oo Yee
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Peter Kim
- CBRN Defense and Energy Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Yifan Li
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Anup K. Singh
- CBRN Defense and Energy Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States
| | - Trent R. Northen
- The DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Romy Chakraborty
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
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Moncelon R, Gouazé M, Pineau P, Bénéteau E, Bréret M, Philippine O, Robin FX, Dupuy C, Metzger E. Coupling between sediment biogeochemistry and phytoplankton development in a temperate freshwater marsh (Charente-Maritime, France): Evidence of temporal pattern. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 189:116567. [PMID: 33161327 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In freshwater systems, sediment can be an important source for the internal loading of PO4. The limiting character of this element in such system leads to consider this phenomenon in terms of eutrophication risks and water quality stakes. A four-months follow-up (January, March, April and May 2019) was carried out in a strong phosphate (PO4) limited secondary channel from an artificial irrigation system of Charente Maritime (France) to link the mobilization of remineralization products in the upper 6 cm layer of sediment (conventional core slicing/centrifugation and DET probes) and the phytoplankton biomass dynamics in the water column. Results showed congruent patterns between the temporal succession of the organic matter mineralization processes in the sediment and the primary biomass dynamics in the water column. In January and March (considered in winter), PO4 proved to be retained by adsorption onto iron oxides in anoxic sediment since pore water nitrate inhibited for about a month the respiration of metal oxides in the first cm of sediment, thus limiting PO4 availability and the phytoplankton growth. In April and May (early spring), after exhaustion of pore water nitrate, the dissolutive reduction of iron oxides released PO4 into pore water generated a significant diffusive outgoing flux from the sediment to the water column with a maximum in April (-1.10E-04±2.81E-05 nmol cm-2 s-1). This release coincided with the nanophytoplankton bloom (5.50 µg Chla L-1) and a potential increase of PO4 concentration in the water column. This work provides some insight on the importance of benthic-pelagic coupling in anthropogenic systems. This conceptual model has to be deployed on other sites of interest where internal loading of P takes precedence over external inputs and nitrate mitigation drives its benthic recycling and ultimately its bioavailability. This is to be essential to characterize the aquatic environment quality in order to limit eutrophication risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Moncelon
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 6250, La Rochelle Université, Bâtiment ILE, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, France.
| | - Marie Gouazé
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 6250, La Rochelle Université, Bâtiment ILE, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, France
| | - Philippe Pineau
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 6250, La Rochelle Université, Bâtiment ILE, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, France
| | - Eric Bénéteau
- LPG-BIAF, Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles, UMR CNRS 6112, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
| | - Martine Bréret
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 6250, La Rochelle Université, Bâtiment ILE, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, France
| | | | | | - Christine Dupuy
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 6250, La Rochelle Université, Bâtiment ILE, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle, France
| | - Edouard Metzger
- LPG-BIAF, Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles, UMR CNRS 6112, Université d'Angers, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers Cedex, France
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Zhou C, Gao Y, Gaulier C, Luo M, Zhang X, Bratkic A, Davison W, Baeyens W. Advances in Understanding Mobilization Processes of Trace Metals in Marine Sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:15151-15161. [PMID: 33170658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Different mobilization mechanisms control the metal distribution in surface sediments of the Belgium coastal zone (BCZ) and the anoxic Gotland basin (GB). This mobilization was studied using DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films): vertical one-dimensional (1D) profiles of Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were measured at 5 mm intervals, while two-dimensional (2D) high-resolution (100 μm) images of smaller zones of the sediment profile were obtained on separate DGT probes. Removal of dissolved Cd, Cu, and Pb in BCZ sediments caused steep vertical gradients at the sediment-water interface that were well replicated in 1D profiles and 2D images. While 1D profiles showed apparent coincident maxima of Co, Mn, and Fe, 2D images revealed mutually exclusive Co and Fe mobilization. Correlation analysis supported this observation and showed a consistent linkage between Co and Mn. Sharp maxima of some metals in the vertical 1D profiles of GB sediment were attributed to localized mobilization in microniches. Examination of an ∼1 mm diameter Cu and Ni maximum in 2D, defined by ∼300 data points, showed that the metals were supplied from localized decomposition of reactive organic material, rather than from reductively dissolving Fe or Mn oxides, and that they were removed as their sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhou
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yue Gao
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille Gaulier
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- LASIR CNRS UMR 8516, Universite de Lille, Cite Scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Mingyue Luo
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arne Bratkic
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - William Davison
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, U.K
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry Department (AMGC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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35
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Steinegger A, Wolfbeis OS, Borisov SM. Optical Sensing and Imaging of pH Values: Spectroscopies, Materials, and Applications. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12357-12489. [PMID: 33147405 PMCID: PMC7705895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This is the first comprehensive review on methods and materials for use in optical sensing of pH values and on applications of such sensors. The Review starts with an introduction that contains subsections on the definition of the pH value, a brief look back on optical methods for sensing of pH, on the effects of ionic strength on pH values and pKa values, on the selectivity, sensitivity, precision, dynamic ranges, and temperature dependence of such sensors. Commonly used optical sensing schemes are covered in a next main chapter, with subsections on methods based on absorptiometry, reflectometry, luminescence, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance, photonic crystals, turbidity, mechanical displacement, interferometry, and solvatochromism. This is followed by sections on absorptiometric and luminescent molecular probes for use pH in sensors. Further large sections cover polymeric hosts and supports, and methods for immobilization of indicator dyes. Further and more specific sections summarize the state of the art in materials with dual functionality (indicator and host), nanomaterials, sensors based on upconversion and 2-photon absorption, multiparameter sensors, imaging, and sensors for extreme pH values. A chapter on the many sensing formats has subsections on planar, fiber optic, evanescent wave, refractive index, surface plasmon resonance and holography based sensor designs, and on distributed sensing. Another section summarizes selected applications in areas, such as medicine, biology, oceanography, bioprocess monitoring, corrosion studies, on the use of pH sensors as transducers in biosensors and chemical sensors, and their integration into flow-injection analyzers, microfluidic devices, and lab-on-a-chip systems. An extra section is devoted to current challenges, with subsections on challenges of general nature and those of specific nature. A concluding section gives an outlook on potential future trends and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Steinegger
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Otto S. Wolfbeis
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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Merl T, Koren K. Visualizing NH 3 emission and the local O 2 and pH microenvironment of soil upon manure application using optical sensors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106080. [PMID: 32890887 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The application of fertilizers and manure on fields is the largest source of ammonia (NH3) in the atmosphere.·NH3 emission from agriculture has negative environmental consequences and is largely controlled by the chemical microenvironment and the respective biological activity of the soil. While gas phase and bulk measurements can describe the emission on a large scale, those measurements fail to unravel the local processes and spatial heterogeneity at the soil air interface. We report a two dimensional (2D) imaging approach capable of visualizing three of the most important chemical parameters associated with NH3 emission from soil. Besides the released NH3 itself also O2 and pH microenvironments are imaged using reversible optodes in real-time with a spatial resolution of <100 µm. This combined optode approach utilizes a specifically developed NH3 optode with a limit of detection of 2.11 ppm and a large working range (0-1800 ppm) ideally suited for studying NH3 volatilization from soil. This NH3 optode will contribute to a better understanding of the driving factors for NH3 emission on a microscale and has the potential to become a valuable tool in studying NH3 dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Merl
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Graz University of Technology, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Stremayrgasse 9/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Section for Microbiology, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Kong M, Liu F, Tao Y, Wang P, Wang C, Zhang Y. First attempt for in situ capping with lanthanum modified bentonite (LMB) on the immobilization and transformation of organic phosphorus at the sediment-water interface. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140342. [PMID: 32886974 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
LMB is a widely utilized material for the management of sediment-derived phosphorus (P) in eutrophic lakes. However, the properties of organic P at the sediment-water interface and the effect of LMB on organic P fractions in sediments are still unclear. The batch studies reported here indicate that LMB has good adsorption properties toward organic P (Glucose-6-phosphate), and the tentative adsorption mechanism relies on chemisorption. Laboratory microcosmic experiments were conducted to study the immobilization effect of LMB on the organic P in water and sediments. The results indicated that the concentration of total P, labile P and organic P in overlying water and pore water could be effectively reduced by LMB capping of sediments. After treatment, the optimal immobilization effects appeared on the 7th day and until the 60th day. However, the fractions of organic P change during the capping time. Active organic P eluted with NaHCO3 transforms into moderately labile or non-labile P through the physical and chemical processes, as well as microbial action. Microbial community analysis showed that the addition of LMB had inhibitory effect on the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, which also affected the transformation between various forms of organic P. This study provided new insights of LMB in situ capping of organic P and the mechanisms of the migration and cycling of internal organic P, which is beneficial for the management of eutrophic lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Feifei Liu
- Huai'an Water Resources Survey and Design Institute Co., Ltd, China
| | - Yue Tao
- China design group co., LTD, Nanjing 21000, China
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yimin Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
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Zhang T, Li L, Xu F, Chen X, Du L, Wang X, Li Y. Assessing the remobilization and fraction of cadmium and lead in sediment of the Jialing River by sequential extraction and diffusive gradients in films (DGT) technique. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127181. [PMID: 32485515 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are two typical heavy metals of the Jialing River, and their threat to the river has been considered by the government in recent years. In this study, the diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) technique and sequential extraction were employed together to analyse the remobilization and fraction of Cd and Pb in the sediments. The total concentration of Cd and Pb in four sampling sites both followed the order S3>S4>S2>S1. The sequential extraction results indicated that large amounts of Cd and Pb (over 50% of the total concentration) were bound to the exchangeable and reducible fraction. The DGT results showed that both Cd and Pb presented a significant increasing trend at the bottom of the DGT probe (-10 cm to -12 cm) and that the two metals had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.831, p < 0.01). The apparent diffusive flux result indicated that Cd and Pb had a potential risk of release from surface sediments. A significant correlation was observed between the DGT-labile fraction and sequential extraction at the surface sediments. A further correlation analysis found that the concentration of labile Cd/Pb measured by DGT (CDGT-Cd and CDGT-Pb) had a strong negative correlation with CDGT-Fe, and this process was mainly mitigated by the iron oxides in the sediments. In addition, the correspondence of a "dark area" of AgI gel with corresponding "hotspots" of Chelex gel also proved that the release of Cd and Pb may regulate the dissolved sulfide in the sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zhang
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China.
| | - Lijuan Li
- Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Xiangyu Chen
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Li Du
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Xinjian Wang
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, China
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Wagner S, Hoefer C, Puschenreiter M, Wenzel WW, Oburger E, Hann S, Robinson B, Kretzschmar R, Santner J. Arsenic redox transformations and cycling in the rhizosphere of Pteris vittata and Pteris quadriaurita. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 177:104122. [PMID: 34103771 PMCID: PMC7610922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pteris vittata (PV) and Pteris quadriaurita (PQ) are reported to hyperaccumulate arsenic (As) when grown in Asrich soil. Yet, little is known about the impact of their unique As accumulation mechanisms on As transformations and cycling at the soil-root interface. Using a combined approach of two-dimensional (2D), sub-mm scale solute imaging of arsenite (AsIII), arsenate (AsV), phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe) and oxygen (O2), we found localized patterns of AsIII/AsV redox transformations in the PV rhizosphere (AsIII/AsV ratio of 0.57) compared to bulk soil (AsIII/AsV ratio of ≤0.04). Our data indicate that the high As root uptake, translocation and accumulation from the As-rich experimental soil (2080 mg kg-1) to PV fronds (6986 mg kg-1) induced As detoxification via AsV reduction and AsIII root efflux, leading to AsIII accumulation and re-oxidation to AsV in the rhizosphere porewater. This As cycling mechanism is linked to the reduction of O2 and MnIII/IV (oxyhydr)oxides resulting in decreased O2 levels and increased Mn solubilization along roots. Compared to PV, we found 4-fold lower As translocation to PQ fronds (1611 mg kg-1), 2-fold lower AsV depletion in the PQ rhizosphere, and no AsIII efflux from PQ roots, suggesting that PQ efficiently controls As uptake to avoid toxic As levels in roots. Analysis of root exudates obtained from soil-grown PV showed that As acquisition by PV roots was not associated with phytic acid release. Our study demonstrates that two closely-related As-accumulating ferns have distinct mechanisms for As uptake modulating As cycling in As-rich environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wagner
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Hoefer
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Soil Chemistry Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CHN, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Walter W. Wenzel
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Eva Oburger
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Stephan Hann
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brett Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, 20 Kirkwood Ave, Ilam, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
| | - Ruben Kretzschmar
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Soil Chemistry Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CHN, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Santner
- Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Corresponding author. (J. Santner)
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Yang JW, Fang W, Williams PN, McGrath JW, Eismann CE, Menegário AA, Elias LP, Luo J, Xu Y. Functionalized Mesoporous Silicon Nanomaterials in Inorganic Soil Pollution Research: Opportunities for Soil Protection and Advanced Chemical Imaging. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2020; 6:264-280. [PMID: 32879840 PMCID: PMC7446291 DOI: 10.1007/s40726-020-00152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
"Innovative actions towards a pollution free-planet" is a goal of the United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA). Aided by both the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) and its Global Soil Partnership under the 3rd UNEA resolution, a consensus from > 170 countries have agreed a need for accelerated action and collaboration to combat soil pollution. This initiative has been tasked to find new and improved solutions to prevent and reduce soil pollution, and it is in this context that this review provides an updated perspective on an emerging technology platform that has already provided demonstrable utility for measurement, mapping, and monitoring of toxic trace elements (TTEs) in soils, in addition to the entrapment, removal, and remediation of pollutant sources. In this article, the development and characteristics of functionalized mesoporous silica nanomaterials (FMSN) will be discussed and compared with other common metal scavenging materials. The chemistries of the common functionalizations will be reviewed, in addition to providing an outlook on some of the future directions/applications of FMSN. The use of FMSN in soil will be considered with some specific case studies focusing on Hg and As. Finally, the advantages and developments of FMSN in the widely used diffusive gradients-in-thin films (DGT) technique will be discussed, in particular, its advantages as a DGT substrate for integration with oxygen planar optodes in multilayer systems that provide 2D mapping of metal pollutant fluxes at submillimeter resolution, which can be used to measure detailed sediment-water fluxes as well as soil-root interactions, to predict plant uptake and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Yang
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL UK
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Paul N. Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL UK
| | - John W. McGrath
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5DL UK
| | - Carlos Eduardo Eismann
- Environmental Studies Center (CEA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900 Brazil
| | - Amauri Antonio Menegário
- Environmental Studies Center (CEA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900 Brazil
| | - Lucas Pellegrini Elias
- Environmental Studies Center (CEA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Avenida 24-A, 1515, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900 Brazil
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 Jiangsu China
| | - Yingjian Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL UK
- GoldenKeys High-Tech Materials Co., Ltd., Building B, Innovation & Entrepreneurship Park, Guian New Area, Guian, 550025 Guizhou China
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Kankanamge NR, Bennett WW, Teasdale PR, Huang J, Welsh DT. A new colorimetric DET technique for determining mm-resolution sulfide porewater distributions and allowing improved interpretation of iron(II) co-distributions. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125388. [PMID: 31809928 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of sulfide in pore waters is critical for understanding biogeochemical processes, especially within coastal sediments. Here we report the development of a new colorimetric DET (diffusive equilibration in thin films) technique for determining mm-resolution, two-dimensional sulfide distributions in sediment pore waters. This colorimetric sulfide DET method was based on the standard spectrophotometric methylene blue assay, but modified to allow quantitation of sulfide by computer imaging densitometry. The method detection and effective upper measurement limits of the optimised technique were 3.7 and 1000 μmol L-1, respectively. The optimised sulfide DET method was combined with the colorimetric iron(II) DET method to obtain co-distributions in coastal seagrass (Zostera muelleri) colonised sediment under light and dark conditions. In the dark, seagrass sediments were more reduced than in the light, with large areas being dominated by high porewater sulfide concentrations. These co-distributions were compared with those obtained using the previously described DET-DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) method for measuring iron(II) and sulfide co-distributions. There was less overlap of iron(II) and sulfide distributions using the sulfide DET as the two DET methods are influenced most by the later hours of deployment, whereas the sulfide-DGT measurement integrates concentrations over the whole deployment period. Overlap was most apparent in very dynamic sediment zones, such as burrow wall sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeeka Rathnayake Kankanamge
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, 4215, Australia; Earth and Ocean Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - William W Bennett
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - Peter R Teasdale
- Natural and Built Environments Research Centre, School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, SA, 5095, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Jianyin Huang
- Natural and Built Environments Research Centre, School of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, SA, 5095, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - David T Welsh
- Environmental Futures Research Institute and Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, 4215, Australia.
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Fang W, Shi X, Yang D, Hu X, Williams PN, Shi B, Liu Z, Luo J. In Situ Selective Measurement Based on Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films Technique with Mercapto-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica for High-Resolution Imaging of Sb III in Soil. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3581-3588. [PMID: 31916433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In situ monitoring of Sb speciation improves the understanding of Sb biogeochemistry and toxicity in ecosystems. Precise measurement of Sb is a challenge due to its instability of oxidation and ultratrace concentration. The development of simple and reliable methods specific to SbIII measurement is not only appealing but essential for implementing regulations. Here, we present an in situ speciation analysis method for SbIII, using the diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique, combined with mercapto-functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSBA). Laboratory performance tests confirmed MSBA-DGT uptake was independent of pH (4-9) and ionic strength (0.1-200 mmol L-1). DGT devices equipped with MSBA-based binding gels showed a theoretically linear accumulation of SbIII and exhibited a high capacity for SbIII at 65 μg/gel disc, with negligible accumulation of SbV over a 72 h deployment. Compared with commercial 3-mercaptopropyl-functionalized silica (MFS), the nanosized MSBA facilitate its even distribution in the binding gels. Furthermore, the good selectivity and high homogeneity of the MSBA gel enabled it to be applied in a rice rhizosphere in conjunction with AgI gel to investigate the effects of sulfur application on the SbIII solubility. In summary, the newly developed MSBA-DGT provides a selective measurement of SbIII, showing potential for environmental monitoring and further application in understanding the biogeochemical process of Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xinyao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Danxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Paul N Williams
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Bingqing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210023, China
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Kühl M, Trampe E, Mosshammer M, Johnson M, Larkum AW, Frigaard NU, Koren K. Substantial near-infrared radiation-driven photosynthesis of chlorophyll f-containing cyanobacteria in a natural habitat. eLife 2020; 9:50871. [PMID: 31959282 PMCID: PMC6974357 DOI: 10.7554/elife.50871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Far-red absorbing chlorophylls are constitutively present as chlorophyll (Chl) d in the cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina, or dynamically expressed by synthesis of Chl f, red-shifted phycobiliproteins and minor amounts of Chl d via far-red light photoacclimation in a range of cyanobacteria, which enables them to use near-infrared-radiation (NIR) for oxygenic photosynthesis. While the biochemistry and molecular physiology of Chl f-containing cyanobacteria has been unraveled in culture studies, their ecological significance remains unexplored and no data on their in situ activity exist. With a novel combination of hyperspectral imaging, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and nanoparticle-based O2 imaging, we demonstrate substantial NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis by endolithic, Chl f-containing cyanobacteria within natural beachrock biofilms that are widespread on (sub)tropical coastlines. This indicates an important role of NIR-driven oxygenic photosynthesis in primary production of endolithic and other shaded habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Erik Trampe
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Mosshammer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Johnson
- iThree Institute, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anthony Wd Larkum
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Niels-Ulrik Frigaard
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Koren
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Centre for Water Technology, Section for Microbiology, Department of Bioscience, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Wu Z, Wang S, Ji N. Distribution character of localized iron microniche in lake sediment microzone revealed by chemical image. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35704-35716. [PMID: 31701417 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) technique and LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) for heterogeneous distribution of the soluble labile iron (Fe) at submillimeter resolution in lake sediment porewater are reported. The soluble labile Fe species include ion and labile organic complexes. The chemical images in two dimensions (2D) for DGT concentration of Fe (CDGT(Fe)) are investigated for Fe remobilization character. There are 902 CDGT(Fe) values between 1000 and 2000 μg L-1, 463 values between 2000 and 3000 μg L-1, and 112 values over 3000 μg L-1 in all chemical maps. Based on the linear correlation relationships between CDGT (Fe) and total Fe (TFe), total organic carbon (TOC), acid-volatile sulfide (AVS), Eh, concentrations of the soluble reactive phosphorus (P) (SRP), and soluble labile trace metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in a vertical 1D profile of sediment or porewater, Fe release mechanisms are mainly due to the reductive Fe release from iron oxyhydroxides and the decomposition of organic matter in algae biomass and deep sediment layer. It can be used to explain the formation mechanisms of Fe microniches in chemical maps with heterogeneous character to a great extent. CDGT(Fe) peak flux in the center of Fe microniche and the low CDGT (Fe) at the edge of a microniche are due to the formation of the insoluble iron sulfide and the abundant acid-volatile sulfide (AVS) in sediment. The verified co-remobilization of the soluble labile Fe and trace metals or SRP in sediment porewater can be used to predict their simultaneous release from Fe microniches with the large CDGT (Fe) peaks. The different kinds of Fe microniche zones and hot spots from sediment/water interface (SWI) to deep sediment correspond to the formation mechanisms of microniches mentioned above. Moreover, some narrow Fe microniche zones with the large CDGT (Fe) across chemical maps are due to the desorption of Fe(II) from the freshly formed oxide on Myriophyllum verticiilatur roots, which are located at sites of microniche zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shengrui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan Province, China.
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Ningning Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES), Beijing, 100012, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Sun Q, Lin J, Ding S, Gao S, Gao M, Wang Y, Zhang C. A comprehensive understanding of enhanced Pb mobilization in sediments caused by algal blooms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 691:969-980. [PMID: 31326819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A good understanding of lead (Pb) mobilization in eutrophic lakes is a key to the accurate assessment of Pb pollution. In this work, dissolved and labile Pb was determined by both high resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) in sediment-water profiles of the hyper-eutrophic Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu on a monthly basis during one year. The drinking water standards for dissolved Pb of the World Health Organization (10μg/L) and those of China were exceeded in the overlying water (20.79-118.5μg/L). Out of which, a total of five months even exceeded the fisheries water quality limitation (50μg/L) in China. The algal blooms created an anaerobic environment in the surface sediments in July. The reductive conditions led to the dissolution of Fe/Mn and this caused the release of Pb, followed by organic matter complexation. This was supported by the coincident changes of dissolved Pb with dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediments under anaerobic incubation. Algae residue decomposition in October caused another distinct release of Pb, but this process should be considerably suppressed by increased sulfide precipitation and pyrite adsorption of Pb ion. These results indicated that Pb mobilization in sediments can be significantly enhanced by algal blooms in eutrophic lakes, indicating that further attention should be paid to Pb pollution in waters with harmful algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Juan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Shuaishuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingrui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health, School of Geography and Archaeology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Wang Y, Yuan JH, Chen H, Zhao X, Wang D, Wang SQ, Ding SM. Small-scale interaction of iron and phosphorus in flooded soils with rice growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 669:911-919. [PMID: 30970458 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the rhizosphere of flooded paddy soils, the solubilization, efflux, and uptake of phosphorus (P) are highly intertwined with iron (Fe) redox cycling. However, the direct observation of Fe-P coupling in the rhizosphere is challenging. This study combined high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) techniques to capture the one-dimensional distributions of soluble reactive P (SRP), soluble Fe(II), and labile P and Fe in the root zone of rice (Oryza sativa L.), respectively. The results show a depletion of soluble/labile P and Fe concentrations around the rice root zone, compared to anaerobic bulk soils that have two different soil Olsen-P levels. Two-dimensional (2D) measurements of DGT-labile P concentrations exhibited similar but stronger trends of P depletion due to uptake of P from soil solids. In low-P soil treatment, 97.8% soluble Fe(II) was depleted in the rice root zone relative to bulk soil, and a 540% enrichment of total Fe in Fe plaques appeared in comparison to that in high-P soil. This demonstrated that the rice plant showed an adaptive metabolic reaction to combat P deficiency in low-P soil by increasing Fe plaque formation. This reaction directly resulted in stronger depletion of P in low-P soil, as indicated by the results of 2D measurements of DGT-labile P concentrations. Moreover, the significant (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.175-0.951) positive corrections between SRP vs. soluble Fe(II), and DGT-labile P vs. Fe were observed in combination with pronounced peaks at the same position in the rice root zone, thus verifying that the cycling of Fe dictated P depletion. A notably lower value of the DGT-labile Fe/P ratio was found in high-P soil, which indicates a relatively higher risk of P release compared to that in low-P soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jia-Hui Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Dengjun Wang
- National Research Council Resident Research Associate, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Ada, 74820, USA
| | - Shen-Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
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Chen M, Ding S, Gao S, Fu Z, Tang W, Wu Y, Gong M, Wang D, Wang Y. Efficacy of dredging engineering as a means to remove heavy metals from lake sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:181-190. [PMID: 30772548 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dredging is used worldwide to remove polluted sediments from water bodies. However, the dredging efficacy remains hard to identify. Here, we studied the efficacy of dredging engineering as a means to remove Cu, Cd, and Pb from polluted lake sediments, after six years of completion. Dissolved metals and DGT-labile metals were quantified in the non-dredged and post-dredged sediments by high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients (DGT) in thin films techniques. April and July measurements showed that dredging was effectively remediate the polluted sediments. The dissolved Pb, Cd, and Cu contents decreased up to 30%, 44%, and 26%, and the DGT-labile contents decreased up to 51%, 27%, and 33% compared with the contents in the non-dredged zone. Dredging was thus proven efficient in decreasing the labile metal fractions, increasing the capacity of available solids to bind metals, and slowing the leaching of metals from available solids in the post-dredged sediments. In October and January, the dredging efficacy was counteracted by the decomposition of algae, which increased the dissolved and DGT-labile metal concentrations in the post-dredged zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Shuaishuai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Fu
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Road, 210094 Nanjing, China
| | - Wanying Tang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Road, 210094 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuexia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Mengdan Gong
- Shanghai Water Source Construction Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210018, China
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Ren M, Ding S, Fu Z, Yang L, Tang W, Tsang DCW, Wang D, Wang Y. Seasonal antimony pollution caused by high mobility of antimony in sediments: In situ evidence and mechanical interpretation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 367:427-436. [PMID: 30611035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) mobilization in sediments and its impact on water quality remained to be studied. In this study, high-resolution dialysis (HR-Peeper) and diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique were used to measure soluble Sb and labile Sb in sediment-overlying water profiles for a full year in a eutrophic region of Lake Taihu. Results showed that the highest mean concentrations of soluble Sb in overlying water (11.27 and 6.99 μg/L) appeared in December 2016 and January 2017, due to oxidation of Sb(III) to Sb(V) by Mn and Fe oxides, all of which exceeded the surface or drinking water limits set by China, United States and European Union. From April to November 2016, the concentrations of soluble Sb remained low with small monthly fluctuations and mean values ranging from 1.79 to 2.93 μg/L. This was attributed to the predominance of insoluble Sb(III) in sediments under anoxic conditions. The concentration of soluble Sb was slightly higher in summer than in autumn, due to the complexation of Sb(III) with DOM, as shown under anaerobic incubation. The mobility of inorganic Sb in sediments was mostly determined by the transition between Sb(III) and Sb(V), with Sb pollution in bottom water during winter being of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Zhen Fu
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Road, 210094 Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Yang
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Wanying Tang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 200 Xiaolingwei Road, 210094 Nanjing, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210018, China
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49
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Seasonal Salinization Decreases Spatial Heterogeneity of Sulfate Reducing Activity. SOIL SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems3020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence of sulfate input and reduction in coastal freshwater wetlands is often visible in the black iron monosulfide (FeS) complexes that form in iron rich reducing sediments. Using a modified Indicator of Reduction in Soils (IRIS) method, digital imaging, and geostatistics, we examine controls on the spatial properties of FeS in a coastal wetland fresh-to-brackish transition zone over a multi-month, drought-induced saltwater incursion event. PVC sheets (10 × 15 cm) were painted with an iron oxide paint and incubated vertically belowground and flush with the surface for 24 h along a salt-influenced to freshwater wetland transect in coastal North Carolina, USA. Along with collection of complementary water and soil chemistry data, the size and location of the FeS compounds on the plate were photographed and geostatistical techniques were employed to characterize FeS formation on the square cm scale. Herein, we describe how the saltwater incursion front is associated with increased sulfate loading and decreased aqueous Fe(II) content. This accompanies an increased number of individual FeS complexes that were more uniformly distributed as reflected in a lower Magnitude of Spatial Heterogeneity at all sites except furthest downstream. Future work should focus on streamlining the plate analysis procedure as well as developing a more robust statistical based approach to determine sulfide concentration.
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Chen M, Ding S, Wu Y, Fan X, Jin Z, Tsang DCW, Wang Y, Zhang C. Phosphorus mobilization in lake sediments: Experimental evidence of strong control by iron and negligible influences of manganese redox reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:472-481. [PMID: 30583155 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) reactions have been regarded as the primary factors responsible for the mobilization of phosphorus (P) in lake sediments, although their individual roles are hard to distinguish. In this study, in situ mobilization of P, Fe and Mn in sediments was assessed by high resolution spatio-temporal sampling of their labile forms using diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) and suction device (Rhizon) techniques. It was found that the monthly concentration distributions showed greater agreement and better correlation coefficients between labile P and labile Fe, than those between labile P and labile Mn, implying that Fe plays a key role in controlling P release in sediments. Furthermore, better correlations were observed between hourly changes in concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and soluble Fe(II), than those between SRP and soluble Mn. Changes were observed under simulated anaerobic incubation conditions, suggesting that P release was caused by the reductive dissolution of Fe oxides. This was supported by the lack of influences on P release from reductive dissolution of Mn oxides in the sediment-water interface and top sediment layers under the anaerobic incubations. In simulated algal bloom experiments, positive correlations and consistent changes were observed between SRP and soluble Fe(II) concentrations, but not between SRP and soluble Mn concentrations. This further demonstrated the Fe-dependent and Mn-independent release of P in sediments. Therefore, Fe redox reactions have a high impact on P mobilization in sediments, while Mn redox reactions appear to have negligible influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yuexia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xianfang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zengfeng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Nanjing EasySensor Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health, School of Geography and Archaeology and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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