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Jin N, An Y, Tian Y, Zhang Z, He K, Chi C, Mu W, Tian J, Du Y. Multispectral fluorescence imaging of EGFR and PD-L1 for precision detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma: a preclinical and clinical study. BMC Med 2024; 22:342. [PMID: 39183296 PMCID: PMC11346054 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03559-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early detection and treatment are effective methods for the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which can be facilitated by the detection of tumor-specific OSCC biomarkers. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are important therapeutic targets for OSCC. Multispectral fluorescence molecular imaging (FMI) can facilitate the detection of tumor multitarget expression with high sensitivity and safety. Hence, we developed Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 imaging probes, in combination with multispectral FMI, to sensitively and noninvasively identify EGFR and PD-L1 expression for the detection and comprehensive treatment of OSCC. METHODS The expression of EGFR and PD-L1 was analyzed using bioinformatics data sources and specimens. Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 imaging probes were developed and tested on preclinical OSCC cell line and orthotopic OSCC mouse model, fresh OSCC patients' biopsied samples, and further clinical mouthwash trials were conducted in OSCC patients. RESULTS EGFR and PD-L1 were specifically expressed in human OSCC cell lines and tumor xenografts. Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5 imaging probes can specifically target to the tumor sites in an in situ human OSCC mouse model with good safety. The detection sensitivity and specificity of Nimotuzumab-ICG in patients were 96.4% and 100%, and 95.2% and 88.9% for Atezolizumab-Cy5.5. CONCLUSIONS EGFR and PD-L1 are highly expressed in OSCC, the combination of which is important for a precise prognosis of OSCC. EGFR and PD-L1 expression can be sensitively detected using the newly synthesized multispectral fluorescence imaging probes Nimotuzumab-ICG and Atezolizumab-Cy5.5, which can facilitate the sensitive and specific detection of OSCC and improve treatment outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100045738. Registered 23 April 2021, https://www.chictr.org.cn/bin/project/edit?pid=125220.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenghao Jin
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yu An
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People' S Republic of China, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People' S Republic of China, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kunshan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- State Key Laboratory of Computer Science and Beijing Key Lab of Human-Computer Interaction, Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chongwei Chi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Wei Mu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People' S Republic of China, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People' S Republic of China, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yang Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China.
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Amatya R, Lee D, Min KA, Shin MC. Pharmaceutical Strategies to Improve Druggability of Potential Drug Candidates in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1963. [PMID: 37514148 PMCID: PMC10386216 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become globally prevalent and is the leading cause of chronic liver disease. Although NAFLD is reversible without medical intervention in the early stage, the condition could be sequentially worsened to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and, eventually, cirrhosis and hepatic cancer. The progression of NAFLD is related to various factors such as genetics, pre-disposed metabolic disorders, and immunologic factors. Thankfully, to date, there have been accumulating research efforts and, as a result, different classes of potent drug candidates have been discovered. In addition, there have also been various attempts to explore pharmaceutical strategies to improve the druggability of drug candidates. In this review, we provided a brief overview of the drug candidates that have undergone clinical trials. In the latter part, strategies for developing better drugs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeju Amatya
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Min
- College of Pharmacy and Inje Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Inje University, 197 Injero, Gimhae 50834, Republic of Korea
| | - Meong Cheol Shin
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju Daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Xia S, Liu Z, Cai J, Ren H, Li Q, Zhang H, Yue J, Zhou Q, Zhou T, Wang L, Liu X, Zhou X. Liver fibrosis therapy based on biomimetic nanoparticles which deplete activated hepatic stellate cells. J Control Release 2023; 355:54-67. [PMID: 36693527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is one of the most common liver diseases with substantial morbidity and mortality. However, effective therapy for liver fibrosis is still lacking. Considering the key fibrogenic role of activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs), here we reported a strategy to deplete aHSCs by inducing apoptosis as well as quiescence. Therefore, we engineered biomimetic all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) loaded PLGA nanoparticles (NPs). HSC (LX2 cells) membranes, presenting the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), were coated on the surface of the nanoparticles, while the clinically approved agent ATRA with anti-fibrosis ability was encapsulated in the inner core. The biomimetic coating of TRAIL-expressing HSC membranes does not only provide homologous targeting to HSCs, but also effectively triggers apoptosis of aHSCs. ATRA could induce quiescence of activated fibroblasts. While TM-NPs (i.e. membrane coated NPs without ATRA) and ATRA/NPs (i.e. non-coated NPs loaded with ATRA) only showed the ability to induce apoptosis and decrease the α-SMA expression in aHSCs, respectively, TM-ATRA/NPs induced both apoptosis and quiescence in aHSCs, ultimately leading to improved fibrosis amelioration in both carbon tetrachloride-induced and methionine and choline deficient L-amino acid diet induced liver fibrosis mouse models. We conclude that biomimetic TM-ATRA/NPs may provide a novel strategy for effective antifibrosis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Xia
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zimo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jieru Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huiming Ren
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- Hangzhou Cancer Institution, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Jing Yue
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tianhua Zhou
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liangjing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiangrui Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China.
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Zhang LF, Wang XH, Zhang CL, Lee J, Duan BW, Xing L, Li L, Oh YK, Jiang HL. Sequential Nano-Penetrators of Capillarized Liver Sinusoids and Extracellular Matrix Barriers for Liver Fibrosis Therapy. ACS NANO 2022; 16:14029-14042. [PMID: 36036898 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During liver fibrogenesis, liver sinusoidal capillarization and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition construct dual pathological barriers to drug delivery. Upon capillarization, the vanished fenestrae in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) significantly hinder substance exchange between blood and liver cells, while excessive ECM further hinders the delivery of nanocarriers to activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Herein, an efficient nanodrug delivery system was constructed to sequentially break through the capillarized LSEC barrier and the deposited ECM barrier. For the first barrier, LSEC-targeting and fenestrae-repairing nanoparticles (named HA-NPs/SMV) were designed on the basis of the modification with hyaluronic acid and the loading of simvastatin (SMV). For the second barrier, collagenase I and vitamin A codecorated nanoparticles with collagen-ablating and HSC-targeting functions (named CV-NPs/siCol1α1) were prepared to deliver siCol1α1 with the goal of inhibiting collagen generation and HSC activation. Our in vivo results showed that upon encountering the capillarized LSEC barrier, HA-NPs/SMV rapidly released SMV and exerted a fenestrae-repairing function, which allowed more CV-NPs/siCol1α1 to enter the space of Disse to degrade deposited collagen and finally to achieve higher accumulation in activated HSCs. Scanning electronic microscopy images showed the recovery of liver sinusoids, and analysis of liver tissue sections demonstrated that HA-NPs/SMV and CV-NPs/siCol1α1 had a synergetic effect. Our pathological barrier-normalization strategy provides an antifibrotic therapeutic regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing-Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng-Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bo-Wen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhou L, Li Y, Liang Q, Liu J, Liu Y. Combination therapy based on targeted nano drug co-delivery systems for liver fibrosis treatment: A review. J Drug Target 2022; 30:577-588. [PMID: 35179094 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2044485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is the hallmark of liver disease and occurs prior to the stages of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Any type of liver damage or inflammation can result in fibrosis. Fibrosis does not develop overnight, but rather as a result of the long-term action of injury factors. At present, however, there are no good treatment methods or specific drugs other than removing the pathogenic factors. Drug application is still limited, which means that drugs with good performance in vitro cannot achieve good therapeutic effects in vivo, owing to various factors such as poor drug targeting, large side effects, and strong hydrophobicity. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) are the primary effector cells in liver fibrosis. The nano-drug delivery system is a new and safe drug delivery system that has many advantages which are widely used in the field of liver fibrosis. Drug resistance and side effects can be reduced when two or more drugs are used in combination drug delivery. Combination therapy of drugs with different targets has emerged as a novel approach to treating liver fibrosis, and the nano co-delivery system enhances the benefits of combination therapy. While nano co-delivery systems can maximize benefits while avoiding drug side effects, this is precisely the advantage of the nano co-delivery system. This review briefly described the pathogenesis and current treatment strategies, the different co-delivery systems of combination drugs in the nano delivery system, and targeting strategies for nano delivery systems on liver fibrosis therapy. Because of their superior performance, nano delivery systems and targeting drug delivery systems have received a lot of attention in the new drug delivery system. The new delivery systems offer a new pathway in the treatment of liver fibrosis, and it is believed that it can be a new treatment for fibrosis in the future. Nano co-delivery system of combination drugs and targeting strategies has proven the effectiveness of anti-fibrosis at the experimental level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyue Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qiangwei Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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Kim JC, Min K, Tae G. The effect of the surface coating of human adipose-derived stem cells by various GAGs on the biodistribution of them upon intravenous administration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2022; 135:112671. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2022.112671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kumar V, Xin X, Ma J, Tan C, Osna N, Mahato RI. Therapeutic targets, novel drugs, and delivery systems for diabetes associated NAFLD and liver fibrosis. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113888. [PMID: 34314787 PMCID: PMC8440458 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fourth-leading cause of death. Hyperglycemia induces various complications, including nephropathy, cirrhosis and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are several etiological factors leading to liver disease development, which involve insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Free fatty acid (FFA) accumulation in the liver exerts oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses. Hepatocyte injury induces release of inflammatory cytokines from Kupffer cells (KCs), which are responsible for activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In this review, we will discuss various molecular targets for treating chronic liver diseases, including homeostasis of FFA, lipid metabolism, and decrease in hepatocyte apoptosis, role of growth factors, and regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and HSC activation. This review will also critically assess different strategies to enhance drug delivery to different cell types. Targeting nanocarriers to specific liver cell types have the potential to increase efficacy and suppress off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virender Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Xiaofei Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jingyi Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Chalet Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Natalia Osna
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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Feng SL, Zhang J, Jin H, Zhu WT, Yuan Z. A Network Pharmacology Study of the Molecular Mechanisms of Hypericum japonicum in the Treatment of Cholestatic Hepatitis with Validation in an Alpha-Naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) Hepatotoxicity Rat Model. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e928402. [PMID: 33657087 PMCID: PMC7938440 DOI: 10.12659/msm.928402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This network pharmacology study aimed to identify the active compounds and molecular mechanisms involved in the effects of Hypericum japonicum on cholestatic hepatitis. We validated the findings in an alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) rat model of hepatotoxicity. Material/Methods The chemical constituents and targets of H. japonicum and target genes previously associated with cholestatic hepatitis were retrieved from public databases. A network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software and the STRING database and potential protein functions were analyzed based on the public platform of bioinformatics. ANIT was used to induce cholestatic hepatitis in a rat model using 36 Sprague-Dawley rats, and this model was used to investigate intervention with 3 doses of quercetin (low-dose, 50 mg/kg; medium-dose, 100 mg/kg; and high-dose, 200 mg/kg), the main active component of H. japonicum. Levels of serum biochemical indexes were measured by commercial kits, and the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of markers of liver and mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were detected by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The main active ingredients of H. japonicum were quercetin, kaempferol, and tetramethoxyluteolin, and their key targets included prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PTGS2), B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2), cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1), and farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Quercetin intervention promoted recovery from cholestatic hepatitis. Conclusions The findings from this research provide support for future research on the roles of quercetin, kaempferol, and tetramethoxyluteolin in human liver disease and the roles of the PTGS2, BCL2, CYP7A1, and FXR genes in cholestatic hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Ling Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Hongliu Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Wen Ting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Zhu H, He C, Zhao H, Jiang W, Xu S, Li J, Ma T, Huang C. Sennoside A prevents liver fibrosis by binding DNMT1 and suppressing DNMT1-mediated PTEN hypermethylation in HSC activation and proliferation. FASEB J 2020; 34:14558-14571. [PMID: 32946656 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000494rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is an essential event during liver fibrogenesis. Phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is a negative regulator of this process. DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which catalyzes DNA methylation and subsequently leads to the transcriptional repression of PTEN, is selectively induced in myofibroblasts from diseased livers. Sennoside A (SA), a major purgative constituent of senna and the Chinese herb rhubarb, is widely used in China and other Asian countries as an irritant laxative. SA is reported to improve hepatic steatosis. However, the effect and mechanism of SA on liver fibrosis remain largely unknown. We recently identified a novel strategy for protecting liver fibrosis via epigenetic modification by targeting DNMT1. A Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) assay first reported that SA could directly bind DNMT1 and inhibit its activity. Administration of SA significantly prevented liver fibrosis, as evidenced by the dramatic downregulation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type I collagen alpha-1 (Col1α1) protein levels in a CCl4 -induced mouse hepatic fibrosis model and in TGF-β1-activated HSC-T6 cells, in vivo and in vitro. SA decreased the expression of Cyclin D1, CDK, and C-myc, indicating that SA may inhibit the activation and proliferation of TGF-β1-induced HSC-T6. Moreover, SA significantly promoted the expression of PTEN and remarkably inhibited the expression of p-AKT and p-ERK in vitro. Blocking PTEN or overexpressing DNMT1 could reduce the effect of SA on liver fibrosis. These data suggest that SA directly binds and inhibits the activity and that attenuated DNMT1-mediated PTEN hypermethylation caused the loss of PTEN expression, followed by the inhibition of the AKT and ERK pathways and prevented the development of liver fibrosis. Hence, SA might be employed as a promising natural supplement for liver fibrosis drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Changsheng He
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Huizi Zhao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenjuan Jiang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Songbing Xu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Taotao Ma
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunity Disease, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Kupffer Cell-Derived TNF- α Triggers the Apoptosis of Hepatic Stellate Cells through TNF-R1/Caspase 8 due to ER Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8035671. [PMID: 32802876 PMCID: PMC7421237 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8035671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the roles of ER stress in Kupffer cells (KCs) and KC-derived TNF-α in the apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Methods A rat model of liver fibrosis was established. Liver and blood serum samples were collected. Liver function assays, Masson staining, Sirius Red staining, ELISAs, and TUNEL and immunohistochemical staining were performed. Liver function, liver fibrosis, KC phenotype, inflammatory factors, and number of active HSCs were investigated. KCs were isolated, treated with tunicamycin, and then, cocultured with primary hepatic stellate cells. ELISAs, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, and Western blotting were performed. KC phenotype, inflammatory factors, HSC apoptosis, and TNF-R1/caspase 8 pathway activity were examined. Result s. ER stress in KCs reduced the levels of liver function markers, reduced the degree of liver fibrosis, and increased the number of KCs with the M1 phenotype and the expression of TNF-α. The increase in KC-derived TNF-α reduced the number of active HSCs and increased the activity of TNF-R1/caspase 8. Furthermore, ER stress in KCs promoted the polarization of KCs towards the M1 phenotype and increased the expression of TNF-α. The increase in KC-derived TNF-α triggered the apoptosis of HSCs and the activation of TNF-R1/caspase 8 in vitro, which was consistent with the in vivo results. Conclusion ER stress in KCs promotes the polarization of these cells towards the M1 phenotype and increases the expression of TNF-α. Then, the increase in KC-derived TNF-α triggers the apoptosis of HSCs through TNF-R1/caspase 8.
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Xiong J, Ni J, Chen C, Wang K. miR‑148a‑3p regulates alcoholic liver fibrosis through targeting ERBB3. Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1003-1012. [PMID: 32582976 PMCID: PMC7387083 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease greatly affects human health. Previous studies have identified that microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver fibrosis (ALF). Therefore, the present study explored the regulatory mechanism of miR-148a-3p in ALF. An ALF model was established in rats by alcohol gavage, followed by treatment with miR-148a-3p. Reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR was performed to detect miR-148a-3p expression in the rat liver tissues. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined by enzyme-labeled colorimetry. Liver damage was evaluated by liver indices and histology. The direct target gene of miR-148a-3p was predicted by a dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of miR-148a-3p and miR-148a-3p in combination with receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 (ERBB3) on HSC-T6 cell viability and apoptosis were detected by MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Western blotting and RT-qPCR assays were performed to detect the expression levels of proteins and mRNA associated with fibrosis and apoptosis. The data showed that miR-148a-3p mimics inhibited the expression levels of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, α-SMA and type I collagen in the model, decreased the liver indices, and improved the liver damage caused by alcohol. ERBB3, which was predicted as the direct target gene of miR-148a-3p, reversed the effects of ERBB3 on promoting cell viability and inhibiting apoptosis. Concomitantly, miR-148a-3p reversed the increased expression of Bcl-2 and inhibited the expression levels of Bax and c-cleaved-3 caused by ERBB3. These data suggested that miR-148a-3p regulated ALF and the viability and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells through targeting ERBB3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Congying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Kezhou Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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12
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PDGFRβ-targeted TRAIL specifically induces apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells and ameliorates liver fibrosis. Apoptosis 2020; 25:105-119. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Kim H, Shin M, Han S, Kwon W, Hahn SK. Hyaluronic Acid Derivatives for Translational Medicines. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2889-2903. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Kim
- PHI Biomed Co., 175 Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06247, South Korea
| | - Myeonghwan Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Seulgi Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
| | - Woosung Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, 100 Cheongpa-ro-47-gil, Seoul 04310, South Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- PHI Biomed Co., 175 Yeoksam-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06247, South Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, South Korea
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14
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Xing L, Sun F, Wang Z, Li Y, Yang Z, Wang F, Zhai G, Tan H. Characterization and bioactivity of self-assembled anti-angiogenic chondroitin sulfate-ES2-AF nanoparticle conjugate. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2573-2589. [PMID: 31040673 PMCID: PMC6462165 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s195934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past few years, significant progress has been made in inhibiting neovascularization at the tumor site, cutting off the nutrient supply of the tumor, and inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. However, many proteins/peptides have the disadvantage of poor stability, short half-life, and uncertain targeting ability. Chemical modification can be used to overcome these disadvantages; many polyethylene glycol-modified proteins/peptides have been approved by US FDA. The purpose of this study was to obtain a novel anti-angiogenic chondroitin sulfate (CS)-peptide nanoparticle conjugate with efficient anti-neovascularization and tumor targeting ability and an acceptable half-life. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CS-ES2-AF nanoparticle conjugate was synthesized and characterized using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and particle size and zeta potential analyzer. The anti-angiogenic ability was studied using MTT, migration, tube formation, and chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. The targeting ability of CS-ES2-AF was studied by ELISA, surface plasmon resonance, and bioimaging. The pharmacokinetics was also studied. RESULTS The CS-ES2-AF could self-assemble into stable nanoparticles in aqueous solution, which significantly enhances its anti-neovascularization activity, tumor targeting more explicit, and prolongs its half-life. CONCLUSION CS is an effective protein/peptide modifier, and CS-ES2-AF displayed good potential in tumor targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xing
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Feng Sun
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhendong Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhifang Yang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Fengshan Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Haining Tan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
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15
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Du X, Zhang T, Ma G, Gu X, Wang G, Li J. Glucose-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles to generation of hydrogen peroxide for synergistic cancer starvation and chemistry therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:2233-2251. [PMID: 31118604 PMCID: PMC6498395 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s195900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The combination of novel starving therapy with chemotherapy is one of the most promising strategies to achieve an effective antitumor activity. Methods: Herein, we developed a multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSNs-GOx/PLL/HA) coated with poly (L-lysine) (PLL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) for co-delivery of glucose oxidase (GOx) and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) for cancer treatment for the first time. Compared to single chemotherapy, introduction of GOx would not only selectively trigger the consumption of intracellular glucose, leading to the interruption of energy supply, but also elevat the endogenous H2O2 level, inducing stronger therapeutic effects. Results: The novel drug delivery system possessed desirable particle diameter of 40 nm and exhibited a pH-sensitive drug release behavior. An in vitro cellular uptake study indicated that MSNs-GOx/PLL/HA nanoparticles effectively enhanced the cellular uptake of drug in an apparently CD44 receptor-dependent manner, and delivered more cargo into cytoplasm via endolysosomal escape effect in presence of PLL. The nanoplatform has also demonstrated amplified synergistic therapeutic effects for remarkable tumor inhibition in a xenograft animal tumor model. Conclusion: Consequently, the developed synergistic starving-like/chemotherapy may provide a potential platform for next generation cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Du
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglan Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Gu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Guangji Wang
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, , People's Republic of China
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16
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Silindir-Gunay M, Sarcan ET, Ozer AY. Near-infrared imaging of diseases: A nanocarrier approach. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:521-534. [PMID: 30893508 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Developments in fluorescence imaging, brought popularity to near infrared (NIR) imaging with far-red and NIR fluorophores applied for biosensing and bioimaging in living systems. Noninvasive NIR imaging gained popularity with the use of effective NIR dyes to obtain macroscopic fluorescence images. Several attributes of NIR dyes make them desirable agents, including high specificity, high sensitivity, minimized background interference, and the ability to easily conjugate with drug delivery systems. However, NIR dyes have some drawbacks and limitations, such as low solubility, low stability, and degradation. To overcome these issues, NIR dyes can be encapsulated in appropriate nanocarriers to achieve effective diagnosis, imaging, and therapy monitoring during surgery. Moreover, the vast majority of NIR dyes have photosensitizer features that can effectuate cancer treatment referred to as photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the near future, by combining NIR dyes with appropriate nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, quantum dots, carbon nanotubes, or ceramic/silica based nanoparticles, the limitations of NIR dyes can be minimized or even effectively eliminated to form potential effective agents for imaging, therapy, and therapy monitoring of several diseases, particularly cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mine Silindir-Gunay
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Tugce Sarcan
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Yekta Ozer
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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17
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Chen Z, Jain A, Liu H, Zhao Z, Cheng K. Targeted Drug Delivery to Hepatic Stellate Cells for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:695-702. [PMID: 30886124 PMCID: PMC6806344 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.256156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix during chronic liver injuries. Although clinical evidence suggests that liver fibrosis can be reversed, there is no standard therapy for liver fibrosis. Moreover, there is a lack of diagnostic tools to detect early-stage liver fibrosis. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is the key step during liver fibrogenesis, and its mechanism has been extensively studied by various cell culture and animal models. Targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to activated HSCs is therefore critical for the successful treatment of liver fibrosis. A number of protein markers have been found to be overexpressed in activated HSCs, and their ligands have been used to specifically deliver various antifibrotic agents. In this review, we summarize these HSC-specific protein markers and their ligands for targeted delivery of antifibrotic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijin Chen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Akshay Jain
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Hao Liu
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
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18
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Hyaluronic acid-functionalized half-generation of sectorial dendrimers for anticancer drug delivery and enhanced biocompatibility. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 202:513-522. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Sun F, Yu Y, Yang Z, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang F, Tan H. Hyaluronic acid-endostatin2-alft1 (HA-ES2-AF) nanoparticle-like conjugate for the target treatment of diseases. J Control Release 2018; 288:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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20
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Du X, Yin S, Zhou F, Du X, Xu J, Gu X, Wang G, Li J. Reduction-sensitive mixed micelles for selective intracellular drug delivery to tumor cells and reversal of multidrug resistance. Int J Pharm 2018; 550:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Cao C, Song S, Wu S, Ai C, Liu H, Lu J, Wen C. Characterization and comparison of acidic polysaccharide populations in Atrina pectinata individuals. J Carbohydr Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2018.1438454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Cao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, U.S.A
| | - Sufeng Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Haiman Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Jiaojiao Lu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
| | - Chengrong Wen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, P. R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, P. R. China
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22
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Li Y, Shang W, Liang X, Zeng C, Liu M, Wang S, Li H, Tian J. The diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis by magnetic resonance and near-infrared imaging using dual-modality nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6699-6708. [PMID: 35540380 PMCID: PMC9078292 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10847h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis (HF), as the only reversible process of chronic liver disease, remains a big diagnostic challenge. Development of noninvasive and effective methods to assess quantitatively early-stage HF is of great clinical importance. Compared with conventional diagnostic methods, near-infrared fluorescence imaging (NIR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could offer highly sensitive and spatial resolution signals for HF detection. However, precise detection using contrast agents is not possible. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles have low toxicity, high sensitivity and excellent biocompatibility. Integration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and indocyanine green (ICG), coupled with targeting ligand of integrin αvβ3, arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) expressed on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), were used to detect HF. Both in vivo and in vitro results showed that the SPIO@SiO2–ICG–RGD had high stability and low cytotoxicity. The biodistribution of SPIO@SiO2–ICG–RGD was significantly different between mice with HF and healthy controls. SPIO@SiO2–ICG–RGD was characterized and the results of imaging in vitro and in vivo demonstrated the expression of integrin αvβ3 on activated HSCs. These data suggest that our SPIO@SiO2–ICG–RGD probe could be used for the diagnosis of early-stage HF. This new nanoprobe with a dual-modality imaging approach holds great potential for the diagnosis and classification of HF. Schematic diagram for the synthesis of SPIO@SiO2–ICG–RGD.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfang Li
- Department of Radiology
- Beijing YouAn Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Wenting Shang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging
- Institute of Automation
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging
- Institute of Automation
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Chaoting Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging
- Institute of Automation
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Radiology
- Beijing YouAn Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Sudan Wang
- Department of Radiology
- Beijing YouAn Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Department of Radiology
- Beijing YouAn Hospital
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging
- Institute of Automation
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
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23
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Jin XY, Zhao P. Hepatic stellate cell-targeted therapy for hepatic fibrosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:2495-2502. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i28.2495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is the ultimate pathological feature of all forms of chronic hepatic damage. There is currently no clinical cure for advanced liver fibrosis. Activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is a key step in the development of liver fibrosis, and therefore, HSCs are target cells for hepatic fibrosis treatment. Targeted delivery of drugs to activated HSCs would increase the drug concentration in the liver at the sites of active fibrogenesis and avoid undesirable systemic effects. Mannose 6-phosphate modified human serum albumin, vitamin A, and hyaluronic acid are three kinds of the most investigated carriers that deliver drugs to the activated HSCs specifically. Conjugation of these carriers with molecules with anti-fibrosis activity such as angiotensin receptor blockers, activin-like kinase 5 inhibitors, Rho-kinase inhibitors, small interfering RNAs, hepatocyte growth factor gene, or nitrogen monoxide can lead to specific distribution and effects in HSCs. This review will focus on these preclinical developments of HSCs-targeted drug conjugates for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yuan Jin
- International Center for Liver Disease Treatment, the 302nd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- International Center for Liver Disease Treatment, the 302nd Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100039, China
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24
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Lin L, Cai M, Deng S, Huang W, Huang J, Huang X, Huang M, Wang Y, Shuai X, Zhu K. Amelioration of cirrhotic portal hypertension by targeted cyclooxygenase-1 siRNA delivery to liver sinusoidal endothelium with polyethylenimine grafted hyaluronic acid. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:2329-2339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Yang D, Wang H, Sun C, Zhao H, Hu K, Qin W, Ma R, Yin F, Qin X, Zhang Q, Liang Y, Li Z. Development of a high quantum yield dye for tumour imaging. Chem Sci 2017; 8:6322-6326. [PMID: 28989666 PMCID: PMC5628574 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02698f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A fluorescent dye, FEB, with high fluorescence quantum yield for tumour imaging is reported. FEB dyes can be efficiently synthesized in three steps and then easily modified with either PEG or PEG-iRGD to yield FEB-2000 or FEB-2000-iRGD, respectively. Both modified dyes showed negligible toxicity and were thus able to be adopted for in vivo tumour imaging. PEG modification endowed the dye FEB-2000 with both long circulating times and good tumour targeting properties in a MDA-MB-231 xenograft model. Further conjugation with iRGD to generate FEB-2000-iRGD showed minimal targeting enhancement. These results provide a template for the efficient preparation of FEB dyes for use in tumour imaging, thus providing a foundation for future modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yang
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Huasen Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Chengjie Sun
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Kuan Hu
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Weirong Qin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Feng Yin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Xuan Qin
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
| | - Qianling Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer , College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518060 , China
| | - Yongye Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , South University of Science and Technology of China , Shenzhen 518055 , China .
| | - Zigang Li
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology , Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University , Shenzhen , 518055 , China .
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26
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An J, Zhao N, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Tan D, Zhao Y, Bai B, Zhang H, Wu BJ, Shi C. Heptamethine carbocyanine DZ-1 dye for near-infrared fluorescence imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56880-56892. [PMID: 28915639 PMCID: PMC5593610 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) dyes have recently emerged as promising tools for non-invasive imaging of different types of cancers. Here, we explored the potential utility of a NIRF DZ-1 dye, with dual imaging and tumour targeting functions, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We showed the preferential uptake of DZ-1 by HCC cells in vitro and in derived subcutaneous/orthotopic tumour xenografts, accompanied by a minimal effect on normal cells. DZ-1 simplified tumour growth profiling as well, since we were able to correlate NIRF signals with tumour volume and/or tumour-emitting luminescence in mice. Using both orthotopic tumour transplantation and cirrhosis models in parallel, we demonstrated the ability of DZ-1 to differentiate liver tumour from cirrhosis. DZ-1 showed superiority in HCC imaging over indocyanine green by demonstrating significantly enhanced tumour-targeting specificity. At the cellular level, DZ-1 was mainly retained in mitochondria and lysosomes. Additionally, DZ-1 fluorescence spectroscopy has been used for the intraoperative navigation of rabbit liver cancer, to determine surgical margins. We showed that tumor hypoxia and select organic anion-transporting polypeptide genes mediate NIRF dye uptake in HCC, which was supported by clinical evidence. All these findings represent the first evidence that DZ-1 is an effective molecular probe for tumour-specific imaging in HCC, and provide insights into the development of a new generation of imaging agents for intraoperative guidance of cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaze An
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreaticosplenic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ningning Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Caiqin Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Dengxu Tan
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Bing Bai
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Boyang Jason Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99210, USA
| | - Changhong Shi
- Laboratory Animal Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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Kim H, Jeong H, Han S, Beack S, Hwang BW, Shin M, Oh SS, Hahn SK. Hyaluronate and its derivatives for customized biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2017; 123:155-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Wu J, Zhang J, Deng C, Meng F, Cheng R, Zhong Z. Robust, Responsive, and Targeted PLGA Anticancer Nanomedicines by Combination of Reductively Cleavable Surfactant and Covalent Hyaluronic Acid Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:3985-3994. [PMID: 28079367 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b15105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
PLGA-based nanomedicines have enormous potential for targeted cancer therapy. To boost their stability, targetability, and intracellular drug release, here we developed novel multifunctional PLGA anticancer nanomedicines by combining a reductively cleavable surfactant (RCS), vitamin E-SS-oligo(methyl diglycol l-glutamate), with covalent hyaluronic acid (HA) coating. Reduction-sensitive HA-coated PLGA nanoparticles (rHPNPs) were obtained with small sizes of 55-61 nm and ζ potentials of -26.7 to -28.8 mV at 18.4-40.3 wt % RSC. rHPNPs were stable against dilution and 10% FBS while destabilized under reductive condition. The release studies revealed significantly accelerated docetaxel (DTX) release in the presence of 10 mM glutathione. DTX-rHPNPs exhibited potent and specific antitumor effect to CD44 + A549 lung cancer cells (IC50 = 0.52 μg DTX equiv/mL). The in vivo studies demonstrated that DTX-rHPNPs had an extended circulation time and greatly enhanced tolerance in mice. Strikingly, DTX-rHPNPs completely inhibited growth of orthotopic human A549-Luc lung tumor in mice, leading to a significantly improved survival rate and reduced adverse effect as compared to free DTX. This study highlights that advanced nanomedicines can be rationally designed by combining functional surfactants and surface coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintian Wu
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Deng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Cheng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
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Kim H, Kong WH, Seong KY, Sung DK, Jeong H, Kim JK, Yang SY, Hahn SK. Hyaluronate-Epidermal Growth Factor Conjugate for Skin Wound Healing and Regeneration. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3694-3705. [PMID: 27775884 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been recognized as an excellent wound healing agent due to its therapeutic function stimulating skin cell growth, proliferation and differentiation. However, the transdermal delivery of EGF poses a significant challenge due to its short half-life and lack of efficient formulation. Here, to improve the transdermal delivery efficiency, EGF was conjugated to hyaluronate (HA), which was formulated into a patch-type film for skin wound healing. HA-EGF conjugate was synthesized by coupling reaction between aldehyde-modified HA and N-terminal amine group of EGF to minimize the loss of biological activities. The HA-EGF conjugates exhibited similar biological activities with native EGF as confirmed by ELISA and proliferation tests using murine and human fibroblasts. For the efficient topical delivery, HA-EGF conjugates were incorporated into a matrix film of high molecular weight HA. Two-photon microscopy clearly visualized more efficient transdermal delivery of HA-EGF conjugates to both normal skin and peripheral tissues around the wound area rather than that of EGF. Optical imaging and ELISA after in vivo transdermal delivery showed that the conjugation of EGF to HA retarded its degradation and extended its residence time in the wound area. Furthermore, in vivo transdermal delivery of HA-EGF conjugate in the patch-type HA film resulted in significantly improved regeneration of skin tissues even into hypodermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Yong Seong
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University , 1268-50, Samnangjin-ro, Samnangjin-eup, Miryang, Gyeongnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Kyung Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University , 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonseon Jeong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kon Kim
- National Creative Research Initiative Center for Smart Block Copolymers, Department of Chemical Engineering, POSTECH , 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University , 1268-50, Samnangjin-ro, Samnangjin-eup, Miryang, Gyeongnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Liu B, Lu J, Ai C, Zhang B, Guo L, Song S, Zhu B. Quick characterization of uronic acid-containing polysaccharides in 5 shellfishes by oligosaccharide analysis upon acid hydrolysis. Carbohydr Res 2016; 435:149-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Robust, active tumor-targeting and fast bioresponsive anticancer nanotherapeutics based on natural endogenous materials. Acta Biomater 2016; 45:223-233. [PMID: 27576338 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The clinical success of cancer nanomedicines critically depends on availability of simple, safe and highly efficient nanocarriers. Here, we report that robust and multifunctional nanoparticles self-assembled from hyaluronic acid-g-poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate)-lipoic acid conjugates achieve a remarkably high loading (up to 25.8wt.%) and active targeted delivery of doxorubicin (DOX) to human breast tumor xenograft in vivo. DOX-loaded nanoparticles following auto-crosslinking (DOX-CLNPs) are highly stable with little drug leakage under physiological conditions while quickly release ca. 92% DOX in 30h under a cytoplasmic-mimicking reductive environment. The in vitro assays reveal that DOX-CLNPs possess a superior selectivity and antitumor activity to clinically used pegylated liposomal doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX-LPs) in CD44 receptor overexpressing MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Strikingly, DOX-CLNPs exhibit a superb tolerated dose of over 100mg DOX equiv./kg, which is more than 5 times higher than DOX-LPs, and an extraordinary breast tumor accumulation of 8.6%ID/g in mice. The in vivo therapeutic studies in MCF-7 human breast tumor-bearing nude mice show that DOX-CLNPs effectively inhibit tumor growth, improve survival rate, and significantly decrease adverse effects as compared to DOX-LPs. DOX-CLNPs based on natural endogenous materials with high drug loading, great stability and CD44-targetability are highly promising for precision cancer chemotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We demonstrate that with rational design, simple and multifunctional anticancer nanotherapeutics can be developed to achieve highly efficient and targeted cancer chemotherapy. Doxorubicin-loaded multifunctional nanoparticles based on hyaluronic acid-g-poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate)-lipoic acid conjugates exhibit a high drug loading, superior stability, fast bioresponsivity, high tolerability, and obvious selectivity toward CD44-overexpressing tumors in vivo. These nanotherapeutics achieve effective tumor suppression, drastically improved survival rate and reduced side effects as compared to clinically used pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in MCF-7 human breast tumor-bearing nude mice. Unlike previously reported multifunctional nanomedicines, the present nanotherapeutics primarily based on natural endogenous materials are simple and straightforward to fabricate, which makes them potentially interesting for clinical translation.
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Shen DF, Wu SS, Wang RR, Zhang Q, Ren ZJ, Liu H, Guo HD, Gao GG. A Silver(I)-Estrogen Nanocluster: GSH Sensitivity and Targeting Suppression on HepG2 Cell. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:6153-6159. [PMID: 27717147 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201601936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A structure-determined silver nanocluster of [Ag10 (Eth)4 (CF3 COO)6 (CH3 OH)3 ]·3C-H3 OH (Eth = ethisterone) (1), is firstly demonstrated by self-assembly of silver salt and ethisterone. Due to the thiophilicity of silver(I) ions, complex 1 shows reactivity with glutathione (GSH) molecules in solution and induces the fluorescence quenching behavior. Thus, complex 1 can be used as a fluorescent sensor for GSH. In consideration of the higher level of GSH in cancerous cells, complex 1 presents significant tumor suppression reactivity toward the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells with IC50 value of 165 × 10-9 m. Especially, complex 1 displays 3.4-fold higher in vitro cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells than that of the normal CCC-HEL-1 cells, which makes complex 1 a potential targeting suppression agent for cancerous cells. The molecular design of complex 1 not only generates a new medicine-silver(I) cluster family, but also opens a new avenue to the targeting anticancer organosilver(I) materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Feng Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Rui-Rui Wang
- The Central Hospital of Jiamusi City, Jiamusi, 154002, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Zhong-Juan Ren
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
| | - Hua-Dong Guo
- Chemistry Department, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Guang-Gang Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154007, China
- Chemistry Department, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
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Li S, Zhang J, Deng C, Meng F, Yu L, Zhong Z. Redox-Sensitive and Intrinsically Fluorescent Photoclick Hyaluronic Acid Nanogels for Traceable and Targeted Delivery of Cytochrome c to Breast Tumor in Mice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:21155-62. [PMID: 27509045 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In spite of their high specificity and potency, few protein therapeutics are applied in clinical cancer therapy owing to a lack of safe and efficacious delivery systems. Here, we report that redox-sensitive and intrinsically fluorescent photoclick hyaluronic acid nanogels (HA-NGs) show highly efficient loading and breast tumor-targeted delivery of cytochrome c (CC). HA-NGs were obtained from hyaluronic acid-graft-oligo(ethylene glycol)-tetrazole (HA-OEG-Tet) via inverse nanoprecipitation and catalyst-free photoclick cross-linking with l-cystine dimethacrylamide (MA-Cys-MA). HA-NGs exhibited a superb CC loading content of up to 40.6 wt %, intrinsic fluorescence (λem = 510 nm), and a small size of ca. 170 nm. Notably, CC-loaded nanogels (CC-NGs) showed a fast glutathione-responsive protein release behavior. Importantly, released CC maintained its bioactivity. MTT assays revealed that CC-NGs were highly potent with a low IC50 of 3.07 μM to CD44+ MCF-7 human breast tumor cells. Confocal microscopy observed efficient and selective internalization of fluorescent HA-NGs into MCF-7 cells. Interestingly, HA-NGs exhibited also effective breast tumor penetration. The therapeutic results demonstrated that CC-NGs effectively inhibited the growth of MCF-7 breast tumor xenografts at a particularly low dose of 80 or 160 nmol CC equiv./kg. Moreover, CC-NGs did not cause any change in mice body weight, corroborating their low systemic side effects. Redox-sensitive and intrinsically fluorescent photoclick hyaluronic acid nanogels have appeared as a "smart" protein delivery nanoplatform enabling safe, efficacious, traceable, and targeted cancer protein therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fenghua Meng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, 215123, China
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Kim YS, Kong WH, Kim H, Hahn SK. Targeted systemic mesenchymal stem cell delivery using hyaluronate - wheat germ agglutinin conjugate. Biomaterials 2016; 106:217-27. [PMID: 27569867 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A variety of receptors for hyaluronate (HA), a natural linear polysaccharide, were found in the body, which have been exploited as target sites for HA-based drug delivery systems. In this work, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were surface-modified with HA - wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) conjugate for targeted systemic delivery of MSCs to the liver. WGA was conjugated to HA by coupling reaction between aldehyde-modified HA and amine group of WGA. The conjugation of WGA to HA was corroborated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and the successful surface modification of MSCs with HA-WGA conjugate was confirmed by confocal microscopy. The synthesized HA-WGA conjugate could be incorporated onto the cellular membrane by agglutinating the cell-associated carbohydrates. Fluorescent imaging for in vivo biodistribution visualized the targeted delivery of the HA-WGA/MSC complex to the liver after intravenous injection. This new strategy for targeted delivery of MSCs using HA-WGA conjugate might be successfully exploited for various regenerative medicines including cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Seop Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea.
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35
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Guicciardi ME, Gores GJ. Paving the TRAIL to anti-fibrotic therapy. Hepatology 2016; 64:29-31. [PMID: 26925875 PMCID: PMC4917457 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eugenia Guicciardi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and the Mayo Clinic Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and the Mayo Clinic Center for Cell Signaling in Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Oh Y, Park O, Swierczewska M, Hamilton JP, Park JS, Kim TH, Lim SM, Eom H, Jo DG, Lee CE, Kechrid R, Mastorakos P, Zhang C, Hahn SK, Jeon OC, Byun Y, Kim K, Hanes J, Lee KC, Pomper MG, Gao B, Lee S. Systemic PEGylated TRAIL treatment ameliorates liver cirrhosis in rats by eliminating activated hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology 2016; 64:209-23. [PMID: 26710118 PMCID: PMC4917440 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Liver fibrosis is a common outcome of chronic liver disease that leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. No US Food and Drug Administration-approved targeted antifibrotic therapy exists. Activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) are the major cell types responsible for liver fibrosis; therefore, eradication of aHSCs, while preserving quiescent HSCs and other normal cells, is a logical strategy to stop and/or reverse liver fibrogenesis/fibrosis. However, there are no effective approaches to specifically deplete aHSCs during fibrosis without systemic toxicity. aHSCs are associated with elevated expression of death receptors and become sensitive to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced cell death. Treatment with recombinant TRAIL could be a potential strategy to ameliorate liver fibrosis; however, the therapeutic application of recombinant TRAIL is halted due to its very short half-life. To overcome this problem, we previously generated PEGylated TRAIL (TRAILPEG ) that has a much longer half-life in rodents than native-type TRAIL. In this study, we demonstrate that intravenous TRAILPEG has a markedly extended half-life over native-type TRAIL in nonhuman primates and has no toxicity in primary human hepatocytes. Intravenous injection of TRAILPEG directly induces apoptosis of aHSCs in vivo and ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis/cirrhosis in rats by simultaneously down-regulating multiple key fibrotic markers that are associated with aHSCs. CONCLUSION TRAIL-based therapies could serve as new therapeutics for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis and possibly other fibrotic diseases. (Hepatology 2016;64:209-223).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Oh
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ogyi Park
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Magdalena Swierczewska
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James P. Hamilton
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jong-Sung Park
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tae Hyung Kim
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sung-Mook Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hana Eom
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Choong-Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Raouf Kechrid
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Panagiotis Mastorakos
- The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Clark Zhang
- The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Korea
| | - Ok-Cheol Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngro Byun
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- Center for Theragnosis, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Justin Hanes
- The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kang Choon Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Martin G. Pomper
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA,Correspondence authors: Bin Gao, M.D., Ph.D., Laboratory of Liver Diseases, NIAAA/NIH, 5625 Fishers Lane, Bethesda, MD 20892. Tel: 301-443-3998; and Seulki Lee, Ph.D. The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231. Tel: 443-287-4892;
| | - Seulki Lee
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA,Correspondence authors: Bin Gao, M.D., Ph.D., Laboratory of Liver Diseases, NIAAA/NIH, 5625 Fishers Lane, Bethesda, MD 20892. Tel: 301-443-3998; and Seulki Lee, Ph.D. The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, The Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231. Tel: 443-287-4892;
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Shi C, Wu JB, Pan D. Review on near-infrared heptamethine cyanine dyes as theranostic agents for tumor imaging, targeting, and photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:50901. [PMID: 27165449 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.5.050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A class of near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) heptamethine cyanine dyes that are taken up and accumulated specifically in cancer cells without chemical conjugation have recently emerged as promising tools for tumor imaging and targeting. In addition to their fluorescence and nuclear imaging-based tumor-imaging properties, these dyes can be developed as drug carriers to safely deliver chemotherapy drugs to tumors. They can also be used as effective agents for photodynamic therapy with remarkable tumoricidal activity via photodependent cytotoxic activity. The preferential uptake of dyes into cancer but not normal cells is co-operatively mediated by the prevailing activation of a group of organic anion-transporting polypeptides on cancer cell membranes, as well as tumor hypoxia and increased mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells. Such mechanistic explorations have greatly advanced the current application and future development of NIRF dyes and their derivatives as anticancer theranostic agents. This review summarizes current knowledge and emerging advances in NIRF dyes, including molecular characterization, photophysical properties, multimodal development and uptake mechanisms, and their growing potential for preclinical and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Shi
- Fourth Military Medical University, Laboratory Animal Center, 169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Jason Boyang Wu
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Uro-Oncology Research Program, Department of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
| | - Dongfeng Pan
- University of Virginia, Department of Radiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
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Liang J, Jiang D, Noble PW. Hyaluronan as a therapeutic target in human diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:186-203. [PMID: 26541745 PMCID: PMC4753080 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation and turnover of extracellular matrix is a hallmark of tissue injury, repair and remodeling in human diseases. Hyaluronan is a major component of the extracellular matrix and plays an important role in regulating tissue injury and repair, and controlling disease outcomes. The function of hyaluronan depends on its size, location, and interactions with binding partners. While fragmented hyaluronan stimulates the expression of an array of genes by a variety of cell types regulating inflammatory responses and tissue repair, cell surface hyaluronan provides protection against tissue damage from the environment and promotes regeneration and repair. The interactions of hyaluronan and its binding proteins participate in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. Thus, targeting hyaluronan and its interactions with cells and proteins may provide new approaches to developing therapeutics for inflammatory and fibrosing diseases. This review focuses on the role of hyaluronan in biological and pathological processes, and as a potential therapeutic target in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Liang
- Department of Medicine and Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Paul W Noble
- Department of Medicine and Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Jung H, Mok H. Mixed Micelles for Targeted and Efficient Doxorubicin Delivery to Multidrug-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:748-58. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Heesun Jung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Konkuk University; Seoul 143-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Mok
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Konkuk University; Seoul 143-701 Republic of Korea
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Cao J, Wen C, Lu J, Teng N, Song S, Zhu B. Characterization of acidic polysaccharides from the mollusks through acid hydrolysis. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 130:268-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yin S, Huai J, Chen X, Yang Y, Zhang X, Gan Y, Wang G, Gu X, Li J. Intracellular delivery and antitumor effects of a redox-responsive polymeric paclitaxel conjugate based on hyaluronic acid. Acta Biomater 2015; 26:274-85. [PMID: 26300335 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-drug conjugates have demonstrated application potentials in optimizing chemotherapeutics. In this study a new bioconjugate, HA-ss-PTX, was designed and synthesized with cooperative dual characteristics of active tumor targeting and selective intracellular drug release. Paclitaxel (PTX) was covalently attached to hyaluronic acid (HA) with various sizes (MW 9.5, 35, 770 kDa); a cross-linker containing disulfide bond was also used to shield drug leakage in blood circulation and to achieve rapid drug release in tumor cells in response to glutathione. Incorporation of HA to the conjugate enhanced the capabilities of drug loading, intracellular endocytosis and tumor targeting of micelles in comparison to mPEG. HA molecular weight showed significant effect on properties and antitumor efficacy of the synthesized conjugates. Intracellular uptake of HA-ss-PTX toward MCF-7 cells was mediated by CD44-caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Compared to Taxol and mPEG-ss-PTX, HA9.5-ss-PTX demonstrated improved tumor growth inhibition in vivo with a TIR of 83.27 ± 5.20%. It was concluded that HA9.5-ss-PTX achieved rapid intracellular release of PTX and enhanced its therapeutic efficacy, thus providing a platform for specific drug targeting and controlled intracellular release in chemotherapeutics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Polymer-drug conjugates, promising nanomedicines, still face some technical challenges including a lack of specific targeting and rapid intracellular drug release at the target site. In this manuscript we designed and constructed a novel bioconjugate HA-ss-PTX, which possessed coordinated dual characteristics of active tumor targeting and selective intracellular drug release. Redox-responsive disulfide bond was introduced to the conjugate to shield drug leakage in blood circulation and to achieve rapid drug release at tumor site in response to reductant like glutathione. Paclitaxel was selected as a model drug to be covalently attached to hyaluronic acid (HA) with various sizes to elucidate the structure-activity relationship and to address whether HA could substitute PEG as a carrier for polymeric conjugates. Based on a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, HA-ss-PTX performed well in drug loading, cellular internalization, tumor targeting by entering tumor cells via CD44-caveolae-mediated endocytosis and rapidly release drug at target in the presence of GSH. One of the key issues in clinical oncology is to enhance drug delivery efficacy while minimizing side effects. The study indicated that this new polymeric conjugate system would be useful in delivering anticancer agents to improve therapeutic efficacy and to minimize adverse effects, thus providing a platform for specific drug targeting and controlled intracellular release in chemotherapeutics.
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